H. P. MAXIM. SILENT FIREARM, APPLIOATION FILRD OG, 28, 1200, 958,034. Patontod May 24, 1910. Attost: piuveutor: Worasie rece Mlocpion Ketdancy Goatla, Flue, Attys, ABrb rghivs -UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HIRAM DERCY MAXIM, OF HARIVORD, CONMEOTIGUS, AGGIONON TO MAXIM SIUENT ‘FIREARMS COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, W. ¥., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY. SILENT FIRRARM. 958,954. Spesionion of Caters Patent, Patonted May 24, 1910, Application fed October 28, 1908, Serial Wo 459,908, 10 att wom say concern: ‘Beit oy toa 1 Tnaac Penor Max, a citven of tho United Slat rriing te the ety of Hartford, in the State of Cone $e lave les gong an ae fa peovements in. Silent Furaraay 0 ‘hich the following is «sperbaton, refer ence being hed to the accompanying’ draw- sg ting, the nce Ris mivestog relates todevices for ls. ening the noise of discharge of firearms of the general charatiar of te davies shown Ee a of Un Sie Se Sigg dete herein 2 following the projectie’ aye mnie to ete dr Ser hy bing given ome rultable chamber, Continted age of devices ofthis charuct dsloss the fact that by reason of the small angle of, divergence of igus a so aoncing ennui Chsneh the slncing ‘outer extremity of the silencing ‘device, by frbenal or coe ef gust mh have noe foiary or whirling ovement in helene rice and therfore oeasion some noise af cxploion, which ts nevetelees 5 coated withthe nae a se vaio ihe sloncng ts, therefony one object of ths pres Sas enton to prevent th eompe of fuch pencil br core of yasea and in seeondance toere STith menneare providel “oe gehising ‘turning out of a straight line, following the projet the gas nhich orknarly ould Tink up such peuell Or coe Acta tats Eve sibwn that sach uonss mage ake Se ferent forms, some of hich wil bd sf he prolly ht fom wi with due regard to cost of manufacture and Td aS PS oop mamutacare and ness in weight of the silencing device, ly satisfactory. w 20 38 40 rifle Viee to be applied oven to « spo le without requiring the front sight ile Wy be disturb, . Tn the accompanying drawings in. which different embediments'of tho invention are Ulstated, igure {i iow nie deve tion of an ordinary poring rile equ 6 withthe improved slncing device, WA 2 ie fo further promote the | or wining movement of te ges | And incidentally 'p enable the silencing de-| waren mao opt nin of Sicty area opt ote ESS et ee ees teen ace US real at decid eal we E Site fant sie spans STA eens Braces goes seaman of Us it, i eigen Sytteseenuee Pecan al ae Souk al ew 2S Cone are eae BEET ONL WS chit darts ft SE iat EA SAE Pade ig Piet al yf vation of suo.of Uae apeelery slow i fig’ Tie nventon is shown in, the drawings as application to small arms, Bie HR fe obBlus tet iis appliane aio {ol fretms or gus of oe itd Moreover, while in 2 the silencer is Shown a consisting of a series of twelve Single cloning daglows or aprender rhe 0 ‘number he been found in Bracice to give satisfactory results with a standard rill, the number of such singe ileneing devices Gerding he drt wil he noe ischarge is to be Jesened and according to the chiacter of the firearm to. which the Silencer is applied, Tn the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs 2 and 3 of the drawing there is ee cured to the extremity of the barrel a of the un in any utah, manger, ag by aero breads casing d which preferay au stanly crcl ir rose ston and of ater or less Jength as may be require {ina forms « support and inclosure far the Strict of single Sieroing devices or spread 6 a6 | ers or partitions e by which the gases, which escape at the muzzle of the barrel’ a, are compelled to neque, within sucoossive cells oF chambers “formed ‘by. the ‘spreaders oF partitions ¢, a epntinuotis‘totery or whirl- Ing movement about the axis of the casing. ‘The action of these devices is similar to that of the devices shown in Fig. 2-of the above ‘mentioned Patent No. 016,86, but they om- body means by which the'core or pencil of ‘gases which, in the use of such old form of Construction, is found to follow the projec- tile without being caused to dissipate its 0 100 108nergy in rotary-movement, i, deflected. or {ISU por dostroyed 0'that, the entire body of the gases of explosion is made to dissipate its nergy in such rotary move- nent, ‘Tho means by which such Teslt is Bvaplicked wil promntiy. Ie deseribad, it'wil'be observed that each single silencing device or sprder ¢ is generally circular ot Simular widh reference to. tho axis of the hall's cueing 4, nod fe spiral oF conchoidal {nh eros section, aa in the constfuction shown in Fig 3 of aid Fees No. biessy The narrow opening #” through the silencing do- Toe i sr pact divested toward the brooch Df ihe fresrm #0 that some of the geses ‘which follow the projectile from the razzie Df the firearm, af they expand or diverge, fra divgoted, by tho 1g surface pre- Seited by: ‘portion of the wall about the pening io the anu cael por lon of the single silencing device, 20 that the body of gas within such single silencing Sesiee as eeontinugus wharinhg or Totary fovenent ebout a substantially eireular ot annular line ox axis, whereby, under the centrifugal action developed by sich rot SGovemedt, tho gases are eausedl wo dissipate their energy in friction 9 al the, llenciag device, as fully. described ia ‘ald application. Im the present ease, how: Gren, Ble opeuing ', stead. of beitg co fisiel with the shell Z and with the single Silencing ‘device itself, ig, eenentric with respect to the shell and the single silenc- Tig eviey aud moseoveny the sther ise true frusta-conical portion of the silene ing’ device, immediately about. the open- ing. is deformed in past, as at &, being seca fortran im dhe ration af mae nena eof inte f "sear. ‘wardly,. Such af the gases which follow the projectile as strike the frusto-conical portion Ete single silencing, device or spreader fre direotal into the annular chanber, as before, and have therein ontinuns o- tary of whirling movement about sn annu- lever cet co fr such movements Iodiied in each suocesive single silencing Hevice as hereinafter desenibed, Such of the bowers a6 impinge po the, de rrmed. or forwardly inclined portion ey shout the opening for the paovage of thé projectile, are deected toward the axis of {he path of the projectile and the particles ofthe gas so deflected are thereky caused to Saale witht parties oF ges mien make tap the core or pencil of gases which would ‘olhermise follow the projertile through such pening. By such collision of the partil oF gas Such’ penell or core Of gases, whis Srotld. otherwise follow the projectile, is JES aed oe fred one ie ne thereby made to enter or to impinge upon ie nck single slncing device and fo do 6 20 % 30 ro so 36 so ts sipate its energy therein insteed of follow- | Garrats of he | permit the front Heh ‘on the gon barrel t0 corny ing in the path of the projectile. Further more, since the opening ? jis eccentric, in- ‘loud of being co-axial wih the silencing ae- Mice, the pencil or care of gases thus de- Ted o ford sone se made fj ‘upon the surface of the next silencing SURES "pe (Gein upprosobing me te fgential, and the gases are therefore caused {fb have a movement of rotation in contact ‘with the annular spreader about the axis of Wie spreaden “Ine retary movewen of tre Se about the annila? axis is therefore Modified, 9 that, in addition fo such rolary mmovemegé about/an annuler axis the gusts Bre’ made to Totate about the axis of the Spreader and the shall or easing, acquiring us compound, whirling or roiary move- iment in which the energy of the gases is mth “tore quickly “aud cllectindly dint ed than, ‘by either movement alone. foreover, the eccentricity of the opening for the projectile through exch single silenc- Jor He Revlpesnite theenencce ane whale, coaprising ihe single slencing deviees and the supporting sh 86 or casing, (0 be di nel eecentricelly with respect (0 the axis PE eee ee dad Lnenal tovwhiah tre ape Dliod. and, the major diameter of the = Pentriity ‘being below the axis of the gun farrel, the projection of the silencer above barrel is so small as to ry 96 Fomuin undistarbedy ao that the slenoer ean Eevapptied, even to's sporting rife without remnthng ang adjnstingat of either front oF Ter Sakt tobe Phe mais function oF Ihe ectenintty of the opening, however, 38 flrendy expiaiied js ns means of proutot Ine th volar or phiring movement of the yal" ther clergy i osspate Ent of ating in deflecdng, breaking UP or desroying the core of pencil of gees ‘whieh would otherwise follow the projetile, Taller seutt; however, bring nwsnly 92 camplished by means of Gefleeting surfaces Sis eeue 2 povton ofthe genocide Trth another portion threo! "Rhotar for of the sleseseém-which the apering forthe pang of th projec through tho successive singe silencing, de- ‘ices or spreaders is eccentric and in which Tig des Bre dented ns to turn node or brea up or destroy the core oF pene of faces, which -wonld otherwise. fallow the Srojeetioy is shown in Figs 4 and 5. The are an oF thio form, of davis te ‘Mistatinliy the’same an that alzeody de Seribed except that the movement of rt Knot the ences, by which their ener Sipaeeds about the longitadinal me af the Blencor and is not about en annular 100 g 10 us 120 as fis. In this construction the shell or cas- jng d supports series of substantially flat Tatas ov disks which have each an open- Ing A” for the passage of the projectile, such 2°¢