Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Automobile is one of the largest industries in global market. Being the leader in
product and process technologies in the manufacturing sector, it has been recognized as
one of the drivers of economic growth. During the last decade, well directed efforts have
been made to provide a new look to the automobile policy for realizing the sector's full
potential for the economy. Aggressive marketing by the auto finance companies have also
played a significant role in boosting automobile demand, especially from the population
in the middle income group.
The main objective is to find out the current trend going on in the industry i.e.
(about the product, piece, place and promotion). Other objectives are as follows:
Not applicable.
The whole secondary data were collected from industry profile, books, magazines
and internet. While primary data where collected though survey. The customer survey
was done though the questionnaire. Question consists of dichotomous multiple questions
and 5 point ranking scale. A copy of questionnaire has been attached with the report.
There two types of data, primary data and secondary data. Primary data are
collected with the help of questionnaire are secondary data was taken from industry
profile, books, magazines and internet.
1.7 Conclusion
The study which we conducted on the two wheeler automobile sector is a very
important topic of automobile sector.
Two wheeler automobile sector is the backbone of the automobile sector in India.
After deep research, analysis and getting information about companies as formulated that
the two wheeler automobile companies achieved success in the market.
Through out the study we found the Two wheeler manufacturer having very new
and modern technology in their bikes, they have a good market share in India, many of
MNC's like Honda, Yamaha ,Suzuki are also giving large competition.
Hero Honda has managed to put in spectacular performance going from strength
despite increase in competition; the company's sales have witnessed an up trend,
registering an average growth of 42% in the three years under review.
Hero Honda has managed to achieve this because its strong brand image and
proven product quality underpinned the performance growth in recent years. Apart from
the strong brand "splendor" the company's performance across the spectrum of the
motorcycle market helped it exploit the growing demand for 4-stroke motorcycle.
At the lower end the company has CD 100 SS at middle level splendor, passion
and Dawn the CBZ Extreme/ Karizma range is targeted at premium segment.
INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVOLOPMENT 2
Some years back Hero Honda are getting stiff competition because of Bajaj,
TVS and Yamaha have a presence in 125cc bikes segments where Hero Honda has not
any presence in this segment. Now this gap is filling up by Hero Honda's new Splendor
NXG, Glamour. But still there is a gap between 150cc to 225cc segment which is most
preferable segment by youth today.
With newer and better models are coming up customer has better and bigger
choices to choose from.
Even many dealers are in view that today Hero Honda and Bajaj, thrives on
competition.
Right now it seems that the real war is between Hero Honda and Bajaj auto. But
one cannot discount the fact that there are other players, who are gaining strength day by
day.
1.7.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
Hero Honda Motors only manufacture a wide rand of 4-stroke bike. But in my
opinion 2-stroke bikes have a better pick up. So in order to letter to the need of a
large segment of customers, who want a better pick up bike, Hero Honda go into
the manufacture of 2-stroke bikes.
The company has always targeted urban sector of Indian population. But in the
rural sector escorts; Rajdoot enjoys a great market share. So, therefore Hero
Honda should target this upcoming market.
Hero Honda should keep a strict watch on to competitions. For instance Yamaha
has introduced a 4-stroke bike “YBK” whose features are almost same as
Splendors.
The company should work more on public relation.
Despite all possible efforts in conducting the research there was some unavoidable
situation, which limited the scope of this dissertation. The limitations of the dissertation
fall under the following:-
1. This dissertation is confined on the basis of secondary data collected only hence it
reliable data for the study.
2. As the research is based on the data that already available and collected through
various means not includes the survey, hence it imposes limitations, as it is just
possible that the secondary data may be unsuitable or may be inadequate in the
context of the topic under study.
3. One of the major limitation of the study is that, as the data is collected though the
secondary means, hence it creates uncertainties regarding the methods of the data
collection, time of data collected, and any bias of the compiler during the pervious
research and at the time of data collection.
4. Limitation of time & resources were a major factor influencing the research study.
5. The research guide has helped us though at the project study, yet his busy time
schedule restricted as to cut short our discussions though detailed discussions were
required for the project.
Bajaj is the first Indian two wheeler automobile company in the market
since 1945 with the name M/s Bacharj trading corporation private limited. In 1959 M/s
Bacharj trading corporation private limited change its name as Bajaj Auto Ltd. Bajaj Auto
obtains license from the Government of India to manufacture two- and three-wheelers
vehicles in 1959.
TVS Motors is the third largest company in the two-wheeler industry with a
market share of 16%. Infect, it is the only Indian company without a foreign collaboration
in the two-wheeler industry. When the company opted out of the collaboration with
Suzuki in 2002, many believed that TVS was headed towards extinction. But the
company proved the doomsayers wrong and came out with a very successful `TVS
Victor'. TVS Motors Ltd. originally incorporated in 1982 to manufacture two-wheelers in
collaboration with Suzuki Motors of Japan, TVS was one of the leaders in two-wheeler
industry.
Honda motors of Japan is not a new name in the two wheeler scenario in
the country, they were in a tie up with the Firodias owned Kinetic group. However in the
late 90s they parted ways after problems arose over issues like introduction of new
models, advertising expenditure, marketing strategies and other related issues. In the mid
80 Honda motors of Japan joined hands with the largest bicycle maker of India the Hero
cycles to create Hero Honda which in a couple of decades or so have gone on to become
the single largest motorcycle company in the world. Though Honda has come on its own
on the Indian market yet it will be providing technological support to Hero Honda for the
next ten years. Thus presenting a unique situation in which the company will be in direct
competition with the company which it has been associated for nearly two decades.
Honda Motorcycles and Scooters India limited, a 100% subsidiary of Honda motor
company Japan eventually entered the Indian market with Honda Unicorn in 2004.
Raw Materials
The primary raw materials used in the manufacture of the body of motorcycle are
metal, plastic and rubber. The motorcycle frame is composed almost completely of metal,
as are the wheels. The frame may be overlaid with plastic. The tires are composed of
rubber. The seat is made from a synthetic substance, such as polyurethane. The power
system consists of a four-stroke engine, a carburetor to transform incoming fuel into
vapor, a choke to control the air-fuel ratio, transmission, and drum brakes. The
transmission system contains a clutch, consisting of steel ball flyweights and metal plates,
a crankshaft, gears, pulleys, rubber belts or metal chains, and a sprocket.
The electrical system contains a battery, ignition wires and coils, diodes, spark plugs,
head-lamps and taillights, turn signals and a horn.
1. Raw materials as well as parts and components arrive at the manufacturing plant
by truck or rail, typically on a daily basis. As part of the just-in-time delivery
system on which many plants are scheduled, the materials and parts are delivered
at the place where they are used or installed.
2. Manufacturing begins in the weld department with computer-controlled
fabrication of the frame from high strength frame materials. Components are
formed out of tubular metal and/or hollow metal shells fashioned from sheet
metal. The various sections are welded together. This process involves manual,
automatic, and robotic equipment.
3. In the plastics department, small plastic resin pellets are melted and injected into
molds under high pressure to form various plastic body trim parts. This process is
known as injection molding.
A motorcycle engine.
4. Plastic and metal parts and components are painted in booths in the paint
department using a process known as powder-coating (this is the same process by
which automobiles are painted). A powder-coating apparatus works like a large
spray-painter, dispersing paint through a pressurized system evenly across the
metal frame.
The Future
Motorcycles remain popular and the collecting and riding of antique models is
just as popular as riding the new versions. While sleek, new versions will continue to be
produces,
Side mirrors
Lock box
Tool box
Seat cover
Fog light
Shocker lock
Leg guard
Helmet lock
Stephaney for scooters
Foot rest
Promotion
Promotion concerns the message the firm sends out to potential consumers. It
provides information and persuades people, it creates awareness, stimulates demand and
differentiates the product and influences public behavior. Promotion won’t make a bad
product that no one wants a success; although the absence of promotion might htat a good
product is not successful, promotion includes all the activities or tools a company uses to
communicate or promote its product in the market.
A. Broadcast Media:
• Television
• Radio
• Cinema
B. Print media:
• Newspapers
• Magazines
• Leaflets
C. Outdoor media:
Public relations are an umbrella term and refer to the totality of the organization’s
behavior with respect to the society in which it operates. The maybe regarded as good or
bad and is reflected in the company’s reputation and image.
4. SPONSORSHIP:
Sponsorship can be seen as a part of public relations and it is certainly the case that
some sponsorship goes on to generate positive publicity for the organization.
5. DIRECT MARKETING:
• Direct mail.
• Telemarketing.
• Door to door selling.
• Direct response advertising: ‘phone now’ or ‘fill in the coupon ads’
• Home shopping of various types.
a) Nature of product
b) Overall marketing strategy
c) Buyer readiness stage
d) Product life cycle stage
7. SPONSORSHIPS:
The company has not left any stone untamed in sponsoring the major events both
globally and domestically. The biggest of all is the sponsorship of the “WORLD CUP”
for which Hero Honda has the credit of being the only two-wheeler company in the world
to do so. Besides this, the company has also sponsored events like “Master Golf”,
television academy awards, etc,
Thus the company has gained a lot of reputation by doing so.
8. DISCOUNTS/OFFERS:
The company has started giving discounts and other offers to the customers on the
purchase of a new bike, for instance, with the World Cup offer, in which the consumer
was to get a 1 gm gold coin with every purchase.
But after all these schemes and benefits may be because of cut-throat competition in
the segment with heavyweight competition such as Bajaj, kinetic, Yamaha, and TVS the
company (HERO HONDA) officially says:
“Our aim is to proactively and consistently deliver value to the customer. We are
giving back to the customer after becoming successful. Most companies give discounts
only when their products are not doing well in the market. There is lost of competition in
the segment, especially from Bajaj. But the reason for Hero Honda’s success it that we
are consumer-focused while other companies such as Bajaj tends to be more competitor-
focused.
Hrihik and Gauguly said they were glad to be associated with Hero Honda. Honda
has embarked upon an ambitious project to achieve sale of one million bikes this year
with a market share of 47 per cent. The turnover would be in excess of Rs. 3000 crore.
In October alone, 11, 22,000 motorcycles have been sold. Compared to 66,063
units in the corresponding period. Last year, the increase in sales is a phenomenal 69 per
cent. Cumulative sales jumped up by 41.58 per cent to 5.72 lacks units during April-
October as against 4.04 lacks units in the same period last year.
PROMOTION POLICY:
Over the last decade, the two wheeler automobile sector has successfully changed its
image. Its product range encompasses Scooterettes, Scooters and Motorcycles. The main
product ranges of two wheeler automobile sector are as follows:
Scooters
Motorcycles
Scooterettes
Hero Honda Motors Limited was established in 1984, as a joint venture between
India's Hero Group (world's largest bicycle manufacturers) and Japan's Honda Motor
Company. In 1985 production began with the launch of its first motorcycle, the CD100,
which gave 80 km to the liter. In 1987 the engine plant was started and in 1989 the
Company produced its 3,00,000th motorcycle. In 2001 Hero Honda manufactured its
50,00,000th motorbike. Hero Honda has a reputation of being the most fuel-efficient and
the world's single largest two wheeler Company. Shri Brijmohan Lall Munjal is the
chairman and managing director of this Company.
Hero Honda has grown like no other company in the auto business. Several times
in the path, savvy observers have insisted that it has grown just too big and that no
company its size can continue to show growth rates. But Hero Honda has ignored that
opinion and continued growing at the place it has set many years ago.
Hero Honda today faces more competitor than it has ever in the history. Now that
is the undisputed two wheeler Numero Uno in the country. Every single two wheeler
manufacturer in India if looking market share away from it. More over for the first time
there are so many four- stroke challengers in the market. And Hero Hondas best selling
products are ageing.
Corporate Profile:
The joint venture between India's Hero Group and Honda Motor Company, Japan
has not only created the world's single largest two wheeler company but also one of the
most successful joint ventures worldwide.
During the 80s, Hero Honda became the first company in India to prove that it
was possible to drive a vehicle without polluting the roads. The company introduced new
generation motorcycles that set industry benchmarks for fuel thrift and low emission. A
legendary 'Fill it - Shut it - Forget it' campaign captured the imagination of commuters
across India, and Hero Honda sold millions of bikes purely on the commitment of
increased mileage
Hero Honda bikes currently roll out from two globally benchmarked
manufacturing facilities based at Dharuhera and Gurgaon in Haryana. These plants
together are capable of churning out 3.9 million bikes per year. A third state of the art
manufacturing facility at Hardwar in Uttranchal will soon be commissioned to cope with
sustained customer demand.
Hero Honda's extensive sales and service network now spans over 3000 customer
touch points. These comprise a mix of dealerships, service and spare points, spare parts
stockiest and authorized representatives of dealers located across different geographies.
Hero Honda values its relationship with customers. Its unique CRM initiative - Hero
Honda Passport Program, one of the largest programs of this kind in the world, has over 3
million members on its roster. The program has not only helped Hero Honda understand
its customers and deliver value at different price points, but has also created a loyal
community of brand ambassadors.
Having reached an unassailable pole position in the Indian two wheeler market,
Hero Honda is constantly working towards consolidating its position in the market place.
The company believes that changing demographic profile of India, increasing
urbanization and the empowerment of rural India will add millions of new families to the
economic mainstream. This would provide the growth ballast that would sustain Hero
Honda in the years to come. As Brijmohan Lall Munjal, the Chairman, Hero Honda
Motors succinctly points out, "We pioneered India’s motorcycle industry, and it's our
responsibility now to take the industry to the next level. We'll do all it takes to reach
there.''
Mission statement:
Hero Honda’s mission is to strive for synergy between technology, systems and
human resources, to produce products and services that meet the quality, performance and
price aspirations of its customers. At the same time maintain the highest standards of
ethics and social responsibilities.
This mission is what drives Hero Honda to new heights in excellence and helps the
organization forge a unique and mutually beneficial relationship with all its stake holders.
STRENGTHS:
WEEKNESS:
OPPOURTUNITIES:
Hero Hondas the first manufacture to launch eco friendly bikes with 4-stroke
engines. They have attained a stronger good will and popularity in the industry
and the consumers.
They should go in new segments of bikes.
THREATS:
Scooters
Production
Production 2001-present
Engine 97.cc,7.5bhp@8000rpm,4stroke
engine, singal cylinder
Production 2004-present
Production 2005-present
Production 2006-present
Production 2004-present
Production 2005-present
Production 2005-present
Price Rs 49777-56529
Production 2006-present
Production 2004-present
(Rs in crores)
Shareholders funds:
Share capital 1 39.94 39.94
Reserve & surplus 2 1969.39 1453.44
Loan funds: 3
Unsecured 185.78 201.76
Application of funds:
Fixed assets 4
Gross block 1471.97 1104.19
Less: depreciation 522.6 429.71
949.37 674.48
Year(2005-06)
(Rs. In crores)
st
Particulars schedule 31 march 31st
2006 march2005
INCOME
EXPENDITURES
APPROPRIATION
(Managing Director)
Mr. Pawan Munjal
Mr Pawan Munjal is the Chief Executive of the
Company. He is responsible for growth and strategic Managing Director
planning for the entire Group. A graduate in mechanical Hero Honda Motors
engineering, Mr. Munjal has been instrumental in Limited
bringing about technological and managerial excellence
in the Company's operations. He has been the Chairman
of several Committees of CII.
He is also on the board of Indian Institute of
Management, Lucknow. An avid golfer, Mr Munjal is
Past Chairman of the Asian PGA Tour Board of Directors
and the Past President of Professional Golfers
Association of India (PGAI). Under his guidance, Hero
Honda launched the Hero Indian Sports Academy
(HISA) in collaboration with Laureus Foundation to provide equal opportunities in sports
to various communities and to reward talent in the country.
(Whole-Time Director)
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
No. Name of the Directors Designation
1 Mr. Brijmohan Lall Munjal Chairman & Whole-time Director
2 Mr. Pawan Munjal Managing Director
3 Mr. Toshiaki Nakagawa Jt. Managing Director
4 Mr. Takao Eguchi Whole-time Director
5 Mr. Sunil Kant Munjal Non-executive Director
6 Mr. Om Prakash Munjal Non-executive Director
7 Mr. Tatsuhiro Oyama Non-executive Director
8 Mr.Masahiro Takedagawa Non-executive Director
9 Mr. Narinder Nath Vohra Non-executive & Independent Director
10 Mr. Pradeep Dinodia Non-executive & Independent Director
11 Gen.(Retd.) Ved Prakash Non-executive & Independent Director
Malik
12 Mr. Analjit Singh Non-executive & Independent Director
13 Dr. Pritam Singh Non-executive & Independent Director
14 Ms. Shobhana Bhartia Non-executive & Independent Director
15 Dr. Vijay Laxman Kelkar Non-executive & Independent Director
16 Mr. Sunil Bharti Mittal Non-executive & Independent Director
720
700
680
660
640
3-Aug-07
620 2-Aug-07
600 1-Aug-07
580 31-Jul-07
Open High Low Close 30-Jul-07
3-Aug-07 660 666 645 655.45
2-Aug-07 660 675 624.8 652.25
1-Aug-07 670 675 655 668.25
31-Jul-07 685 704 670 674.05
30-Jul-07 673 691 662.05 685.05
Since 1986, there is a technical tie-up of Bajaj Auto Ltd. with Kawasaki Heavy
Industries of Japan to manufacture state-of-art range of latest two-wheelers in India. The
JV has already given the Indian market the KB series, 4S and 4S Champion, Boxer, the
Caliber series, and Wind125
KHI has given the world its legendary series of 600-1200cc Ninja and 1600
Vulcan bikes. Straight from its design boards, the Kawasaki Bajaj Eliminator, India's first
real cruiser bike, redefines the pleasure of "biking" in looks as well as performance.
Corporate Profile
Bajaj Auto Ltd. sales have increased by approximately 21 per cent in the year
2004-05, which exceeds Rs 65.4 billion, a record in the history of the company. The gross
operating profit stands at Rs. 9.3 billion, again a record. The profits after tax of the BAL
are close to Rs. 7.7 billion, and the pre-tax return on operating capital is at an impressive
80 per cent.
The strength of the company is its quality products, excellence in engineering and
design, and its ability to delight the customers. The Pulsar, introduced in November 2004,
is continually dominating the premium segment of the motorcycle market, helping to
maintain the market superiority. Discover DTSi, one more successful bike on Indian
roads, is in the 'value' segment of the motorcycle market. It incorporates a high degree of
power with fuel efficiency of a 100 cc motorcycle.
In our decision making, quality, safety and service will be given as much
consideration as productivity, cost and delivery.
Quality shall be built into every aspect of our work life and business operations.
Quality improvements and customer satisfaction shall be the responsibility of every
employee.
LARGEST EXPORT
ML - Business Head (India)
Ops. Executives
Bajaj Auto continued to be India’s largest exporter of two wheelers. During 2005-
06, it exported 75297 two which represented a growth of 33 per cent over 2004-05.
200000
174907
Numbers of
150000
wheelers
130945
100000 90210
50000 53366
0 14917 15602 29691
1999- 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005-
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Years
Two wheeler
SWOT Analysis
Let's analyze the position of Bajaj in the current market set-up, evaluating its strengths,
weaknesses, threats and opportunities available.
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
All these forced Bajaj to look for an international partner who could bring in
technology and also offer some basic platforms to be manufactured and marketed in
India. Kawasaki of Japan is a world-renowned manufacturer of high performance bikes.
Bajaj entered into a strategic tie-up with Kawasaki in late 1990s to enhance its product
line and knowledge up-gradation to support long-term strategies.
This served the purpose of sustaining the market competition for a while. From
1996 to 2000, Bajaj invested hugely in infrastructure while simultaneously developing
product design and innovation capabilities, which is the prime reason behind the
energetic Bajaj of 21st century. Bajaj introduced a slew of products right from entry-level
motorcycle to the high premium segment right from 2001 onwards, and since then its
raining success all the way for Bajaj.
Scooters
Bajaj Wave
o Bajaj Wave::
Production 2005-present
Price
Engine 109.7cc, 8 hp
Production 2001-present
Production 2004-present
Price Rs.47000-49200
Production 2005-present
Production 2006-present
Production 2004-present
REGISTERED OFFICE
TELEPHONE: + (91)-(20)-27472851
FAX: + (91)-(20)-27473398
E-MAIL: rahulbajaj@bajajauto.co.in
WEDSITE: http://www.bajajauto.com\
PLANTS
Sri Lanka, Colombia, Bangladesh, Mexico, Central America, Peru and Egypt
Overseas Businessman
Bajaj Auto
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Kantikumar R. Podar(Director)
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Board of Directors
Rahul Bajaj Chairman
Madhur Bajaj Vice Chairman & Whole-Time Director
Rajiv Bajaj Managing Director
Sanjiv Bajaj Executive Director
D.S. Mehta Whole-Time Director
Kantikumar R. Podar Director
Shekhar Bajaj Director
D.J. Balaji Rao Director
J.N. Godrej Director
S.H. Khan Director
Mrs. Suman Kirloskar Director
Naresh Chandra Director
Nanoo Pamnani Director
Manish Kejriwal Director
P Murari Director
Niraj Bajaj Director
2,400.00
2,350.00
2,300.00
2,250.00
2,200.00 3-Aug-07
2-Aug-07
2,150.00
1-Aug-07
2,100.00 31-Jul-07
30-Jul-07
2,050.00
Open High Low Close
Profile
TVS Motors Company, a leading two wheeler company began with the vision of
the founder of the Sundaram Clayton Group, the late T.S. Srinivasan - 'to design, develop
and produce an affordable moped for the Indian family.
This vision was realized in 1980 when TVS 50, India's first two-seater moped
rolled out of the factory at Hosur in Tamil Nadu, Southern India. A byword for
ruggedness and reliability, the TVS 50 proved to be a promising success and paved the
way for many successes for TVS Suzuki ever since.
Background
Vision
Our vision is the creation of an India which is a global destination for innovative
product development and thought leaders in integrated product and process development
Mission
Our mission is to improve the capabilities of people engaged in the design and
development of new products and services, to encourage innovation in product
development and effective management of the product development processes.
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Global expansion
Expansion of target market (include women)
Become India’s leader in the scooter market
Threats
Suzuki Motorcycles can take away market share and cause joint venture to go
sour
Bajaj Motors and Hero Honda is a strong competitor.
Production 2004-present
Production 2004-present
Price Rs.35253
Production 2004-present
Victor GLX
o Victor GLX
Production 2004-present
Production 2004-present
60
59
58
57
56 3-Aug-07
2-Aug-07
55
1-Aug-07
54 31-Jul-07
30-Jul-07
53
Open High Low Close
3-Aug-07 57 58 56.75 57.1
2-Aug-07 57.2 58 55.6 56.85
1-Aug-07 58 58.95 56.5 57.1
31-Jul-07 59.3 59.3 58 58.25
30-Jul-07 59 59.1 55.55 58.2
Honda is the world's largest manufacturer of 2-wheelers. Its symbol, the Wings,
represents the company's unwavering dedication in achieving goals that are unique and
above all, conforming to international norms. These wings are now in India as Honda
Motorcycle & Scooter India Pvt. Ltd. (HMSI), a wholly owned subsidiary of Honda
Motor Company Ltd., Japan. These wings are here to initiate a change and make a
difference in the Indian 2-wheeler industry. Honda's dream for India is to not only
manufacture 2-wheelers of global quality, but also meet and exceed the expectations of
Indian customers with outstanding after sales support.
Honda's dream for India is to not only manufacture 2-wheelers of global quality;
but also meet and exceed the expectations of Indian customers with outstanding after
sales support. They aim to produce technologically superior, efficient and reasonably
priced 2-wheelers, with Honda tested technology, backed up with after sales service of
Honda's global standard.
CORPORATE PROFILE
Honda Motor Co., Ltd., operates under the basic principles of "Respect for the
Individual" and "The Three Joys"-commonly expressed as The Joy of Buying, The Joy of
Selling and The Joy of Creating. Respect for the Individual" reflects our desire to respect
the unique character and ability of each individual person, trusting each other as equal
partners in order to do our best in every situation. Based on this foundation of Respect for
the Individual, "The Three Joys" expresses our belief and desire that each person working
in, or coming into contact with our company, directly or through our products, should
share a sense of joy through that experience.
In line with these basic principles, since its establishment in 1948, Honda Motor
Co., Ltd., has remained on the leading edge by creating new value by providing products
of the highest quality at a reasonable price, for worldwide customer satisfaction. In
addition, the Company has conducted its activities with a commitment to protecting the
environment and enhancing safety in a mobile society.
Mission Statement
Organization Structure
Strength
Weakness
Opportunity
Threats
Corporate Details
Head Office:
o Activa
Activa
Production 2004-present
Eterno
o Eterno
Production 2004-present
Price Rs.36526
Production 2004-present
Price Rs 47983
Production 2004-present
Production 2004-present
Engine 4–
Stroke,7bhp@7000rpm,102cc
We are aware of our customers' evolving needs and provide them with quality products
and services of exceptional value that surpass their expectations.
As a good corporate citizen, we continually strive towards creating a better social as well
as natural environment.
We conduct our corporate activities with customer satisfaction as our top priority.
Our clients in the Yamaha Motor group and many companies outside the group are
mostly manufacturers that are involved in programs to improve the full range of their
business activities, from product manufacturing, distribution and sales to financing,
administration, and corporate governance. We are striving to help these clients achieve a
higher level of satisfaction for people using their products. Toward this end we are
actively expanding our business in Japan and worldwide.
Strengths
Yamaha motors India is the subsidiary company of Yamaha motors ltd, which is
the MNC company having a good brand name.
Good share in Indian two wheeler automobiles sector
It is the one of the oldest company in the Indian market.
Bikes are available at very cheap price.
Popular in rural area.
Weakness
Opportunities
Threats
o Alba Alba
Production 2004-present
Price
Production 2004-present
Gladiator DX
Gladiator DX
Production 2004-present
Production 2004-present
Price Rs.33000-35000
Corporate Profile
Name: Yamaha motors ltd.
Location: 2000-1 Iwai, Iwata City, Shizuoka Pref.
Post Code: 438-0016
Telephone: 0538-39-2213 Facsimile: 0538-
39-2219
Board of director: President and Representative
Director@Yasuharu Terai
Director: Takuya Watanabe
Tetsuro Nabata
Mitsuyoshi Suzuki
Takeya Harada
Employees: 245 (As of January, 2006)
Sales: 4.5 billion yen (As of FY ended December,
2005)
6 billion yen (Projected FY ending
December, 2006)
Exports
To consolidate our position in the exports arena, we are rapidly expanding our
presence in Asia, Africa, Central and South America.
Strengthening our reputation as an export base for YMC global operations, we are
bright and optimistic about our emergence as a top-notch bike exporter of India.
Fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets 280,950 274,863 283,411 323,846 361,837
Intangible fixed assets 4,303 2,957 3,273 3,075 4,281
Total investments and other assets 49,388 49,436 50,618 76,630 91,548
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Notes and accounts payable 112,934 132,291 143,531 176,000 187,419
Short-term loans 48,073 49,639 71,390 100,097 127,341
Current portion of long-term debt 20,823 12,690 8,190 20,885 8,568
Current portion of convertible bonds 24,326 - 10,000 5,000 -
Commercial Paper 21,376 8,500 7,000 6,991 15,000
Other 126,248 131,030 132,971 164,246 180,195
Long-term liabilities
Bonds 44,893 23,712 8,001 295 63
Long-term debt 39,935 23,994 16,064 20,747 44,235
Other 68,120 56,493 57,064 55,587 64,809
Total
shareholder's 180,151 249,406 293,761 383,895 501,054
equity
VISION
1. POLICY OBJECTIVES:
This policy aims to promote integrated, phased, enduring and self-sustained growth of the
Indian automotive industry. The objectives are to:-
(i) Exalt the sector as a lever of industrial growth and employment and to achieve a high
degree of value addition in the country;
(ii) Promote a globally competitive automotive industry and emerge as a global source for
auto components;
(iii) Establish an international hub for manufacturing small, affordable passenger cars and
a key center for manufacturing Tractors and Two-wheelers in the world;
(iv) Ensure a balanced transition to open trade at a minimal risk to the Indian economy
and local industry;
3.
2. CURRENT STATUS OF INDIAN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY:
2.1 The industry encompasses commercial vehicles, multi-utility vehicles, passenger cars,
two wheelers, three wheelers, tractors and auto components. There are in place 15
manufacturers of cars and multi utility vehicles, 9 of commercial vehicles, 14 of
Two/Three Wheelers and 10 of Tractors besides 5 of engines. With an investment of
Rs.50, 000 crores, the turnover was Rs. 59,500 crores in Automotive Sector during 1999-
2000. It employs 4, 50,000 people directly and 100, 00,000 people indirectly and is now
inhabited by global majors in keen contention.
2.2 India manufactures about 38,00,000 2-wheelers, 5,70,000 passenger cars, 1,25,000
Multi Utility Vehicles, 1,70,000 Commercial Vehicles and 2,60,000 tractors annually.
India ranks second in the production of two wheelers and fifth in commercial vehicles.
2.3 India’s automotive component industry manufactures the entire range of parts
required by the domestic automobile industry and currently employs about 250,000
persons. Auto component manufacturers supply to two kinds of buyers – original
equipment manufacturers (OEM) and the replacement market. The replacement market is
characterized by the presence of several small-scale suppliers who score over the
organized players in terms of excise duty exemptions and lower overheads. The demand
from the OEM market, on the other hand, is dependent on the demand for new vehicles.
2.4 The auto sector (excluding Tractors) attained a steep cumulative annual growth of
22% between 1992 and 1997. The Tractors achieved a cumulative annual growth of 16%.
Component production grew by 28%. There has been a slowdown in the automobile
sector in the past two years. However, the component industry maintained a low but
positive growth rate mainly due to its export performance. Over the years, the component
industry has maintained a 10% - 12% share of exports in the total production.
2.5 Roads occupy an eminent position in transportation as they, as per the present
estimate, carry nearly 65% of freight and 87% of passenger traffic. Although, India has
3.3 million kilometers of road network, which is the second largest in the world, the
Indian highways are getting overpopulated. Traffic management and road sense also need
attention.
3.1 The extant policy has drawn many overseas companies into India but needs to be
more investor friendly, address emerging problems and be WTO compatible. The Indian
car market is full of possibilities; but present demand profile inhibits volume production,
save by a few, and conduces contention rather than competition. World over, the majors
have consolidated to elevate technology, enlarge product range, access new markets, cut
costs and in graft versatility. They have resorted to common platforms, modular
assemblies and systems integration by component suppliers and E-Commerce.
3.2 The automotive industry is in the midst of a major structural transformation in todays
globalize scenario. "System Supply" of integrated components and sub-systems is
becoming the order of the day, with individual small components being supplied to the
system integrators instead of the vehicle manufacturers. In this process, most of the SSI
units manufacturing smaller individual components are on their way to become tier 2 and
tier 3 suppliers, while the larger companies including most MNCs are being transformed
into tier 1 companies, which purchase from tier 2 & 3, and sell to the auto manufacturers.
3.3 Indian auto sector needs to grow collaterally and in harmony with world industry.
India has the potential to be a global automotive power. However, concerted efforts will
be required to take auto manufacturing to a self-sustaining level where they shall have
volumes, generate requisite technology and meet evolving emission requirements.
3.4 Volume is important for any manufacturing enterprise. However, it is more important
for automobile sector, both for the manufacture of vehicles as well as auto components.
Lack of volume will not only inhibit efficient manufacture but also R&D and
introduction of new models. The investment and fiscal policies should create an
environment for volume production and indigenous capability for innovation for small
cars and auto components.
3.5 Auto components manufacturers have been slowly gaining global recognition and
maintaining a certain level of exports despite the recent downturn. It should be possible
to achieve an export target of US $ 1 billion by 2005 and US $ 2.7 billion by 2010. This
would require three pronged marketing strategy: exports through OEMs for their global
sourcing requirements, export to tier I manufacturers as a part of their international
supply chain and direct exports to aftermarket. The main challenges are lower volume –
low scale, fragmentation, inadequate R&D/technology support, lower productivity levels,
limited resources for international marketing and establishment of an efficient supply
chain.
4.1 Initiatives relating to investment, tariffs, duties and imposts will be the instruments to
achieve the Policy objectives. These path government’s economic reform and are in
harmony with the commitments made to WTO.
4.2 Increased resource allocation to the highways sector to ensure collateral upgradation
and development of road infrastructure in step with the increase in the population of
vehicles.
4.3 An appropriate regulatory framework for smooth movement of traffic, safety and
environmental aspects.
6. IMPORT TARIFF
6.2 The Government will review the automotive tariff structure periodically to encourage
demand, promote the growth of the industry and prevent India from becoming a dumping
ground for international rejects.
6.3 In respect of items with bound rates viz. Buses, Trucks, Tractors, CBUs and Auto
components, Government will give adequate accommodation to indigenous industry to
attain global standards.
6.4 In consonance with Auto Policy objectives, in respect of unbound items i.e., Motor
Cars, MUVs, Motorcycles, Mopeds, Scooters and Auto Rickshaws, the import tariff shall
be so designed as to give maximum fillip to manufacturing in the country without
extending undue protection to domestic industry.
6.5 The conditions for import of new Completely Built Units (CBUs), will be as per
Public Notice issued by the Director General Foreign Trade (DGFT) having regard to
environment and safety regulations.
6.6 Used vehicles imported into the country would have to meet CMVR, environmental
requirements as per Public Notice issued by DGFT laying down specific standards and
other criteria for such imports.
7.1 Traffic on roads is growing at a rate of 7 to 10% per annum while the vehicle
population growth for the past few years is of the order of 12% per annum. Poor road
infrastructure and traffic congestion can be a bottleneck in the growth of vehicle industry.
A balanced and coordinated approach will be undertaken for proper maintenance, up
gradation and development of roads by encouraging private sector participation besides
public investment and incorporating latest technologies and management practices to take
care of increase in vehicular traffic.
7.2 For the convenience of traveling public the Government shall also promote multi-
modal transportation and the implementation of mass rapid transport systems.
8.1 The Government shall promote Research & Development in automotive industry by
strengthening the efforts of industry in this direction by providing suitable fiscal and
financial incentives.
8.2 The current policy allows Weighted Tax Deduction under I.T. Act, 1961 for sponsored
research and in-house R&D expenditure. This will be improved further for research and
development activities of vehicle and component manufacturers from the current level of
125%.
8.3 In addition, Vehicle manufacturers will also be considered for a rebate on the
applicable excise duty for every 1% of the gross turnover of the company expended
during the year on Research and Development carried either in-house under a distinct
dedicated entity, faculty or division within the company assessed as competent and
qualified for the purpose or in any other R&D institution in the country. This would
include R & D leading to adoption of low emission technologies and energy saving
devices.
8.4 Government will encourage setting up of independent auto design firms by providing
them tax breaks, confessional duty on plant/equipment imports and granting automatic
approval.
8.5 Allocations to automotive cess fund created for R&D of automotive industry shall be
increased and the scope of activities covered under it enlarged.
9.1 With the growth of vehicles, smooth traffic movement has come under severe strain.
The problem has been aggravated because of inadequate provision of parking facilities
generally. Starting with metropolitan and important towns, the Government will pursue
with State Governments and Local bodies amendments to bye laws for upward revision
10.1 The automotive and oil industry have to heave together to constantly fulfill
environment imperatives. The Government will continue to promote the use of low
emission fuel auto technology.
10.2 The Government after considering the recommendations of the Expert Committee
on Auto Fuel Policy headed by Dr. R.A. Mashelkar, have approved a road map for
implementation for the auto fuel quality consistent with the required levels of vehicular
emissions norms and environmental quality. The Government will formulate a
comprehensive auto fuel policy covering the other related aspects and ensure availability
of appropriate auto fuel/fuel mixes at minimum social costs across the country. Suitable
institutional mechanism will be put in place for certification, monitoring and enforcement
of different technologies/fuel mixes. Appropriate fiscal measures will be devised to
achieve milestones in the roadmap for implementation of auto fuel policy.
10.3 In the short run, the Government will encourage the use of short chain hydrocarbons
along with other auto fuels of the quality necessary to meet the vehicular emissions
norms.
10.4 There is prime need to support the development and introduction of vehicles
propelled by energy sources other than hydrocarbons by promoting appropriate
automotive technology. Hybrid vehicles and vehicles operating with batteries and fuel
cells are alternatives to the conventional automobile, which in their early beginnings, lie
entreasured. As an impetus for the development of such vehicles, an appropriate long-
term fiscal structure shall be put in place to facilitate their acceptance vis-à-vis vehicles
based on conventional fuels.
10.5 Internationally, the practice is to levy higher road tax on older vehicles in order to
discourage their use. In India, the road tax on vehicles varies in nature and quantum
among the states. Lifetime road tax is also in vogue. The Endeavour will be to move to
the international model.
10.6 In order to facilitate faster up gradation of environmental quality, the Govt. will
consider having a terminal life policy for commercial vehicles along with incentives for
replacement for such vehicles.
11.1 Government will duly amend the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS) and other relevant provisions and introduce safety regulations that
conform to global standards.
11.2 Testing and certification facilities need to be revised and strengthened in accordance
with safety standards of global order. Government, in partnership with industry, will tend
to this requirement.
Indian scenario:
Automobile India
In India there are 100 people per vehicle, while this figure is 82 in China. It is expected
that Indian automobile industry will achieve mass motorization status by 2014
Current Scenario
Overview
The first automobile in India rolled in 1897 in Bombay.
Within two-wheelers, motorcycles contribute 80% of the segment size.
India is the largest three-wheeler market in the world.
Unlike the USA, the Indian passenger vehicle market is dominated by cars (79%).
Tata Motors dominates over 60% of the Indian commercial vehicle market.
Automobile put the horses on rest and changed the way of living for mankind, is a
wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor. The term 'automobile' is derived
from Greek and Latin words. 'Auto' in Greek means 'self' and 'mobiles' in Latin means
'movable.' The phrase refers the fact that it 'moves by itself.' Automobile used to be also
addressed as 'motorwagen' or 'horseless carriage'.
The first automobile rolled in India in 1897 in Bombay (now Mumbai). Soon number of
cars increased on the roads and it became the status symbol until Maruti entered
The first automobile in India rolled in 1897 in Bombay.
Within two-wheelers, motorcycles contribute 80% of the segment size.
Pest analysis:
The excise duty on two wheeler, which previously ranged between 10% to 30%
according to the engine capacity was rationalized in 1991-92 budgets to only two-
categories viz. 15% up to 75cc and 25% above 75cc. this mainly affected manufacturers
of 100cc category in the early nineties. Since then the excise duty structure for two-
wheelers has been left unchanged till 1999-2000 budgets, due to rationalization of duty
structure the excuse duty up to 72cc vehicles was increased to 16% while for those above
75cc decreased to 24%. As a result, scooter prices were reduced by Rs. 200-400 per
vehicle. The components used for manufacturing two-wheelers are charged an excise
duty of 15% the industry has been asking GOI to reduce this excise duty to 10%.
The price of the two-wheelers varies across the country due to variation in
registration charges, state taxes and octopi levied by the states.
The Government of India (GOI) wants the automobile industry to achieve a major
improvement in emission levels in two steps. The first milestone was achieved by
applying stringent norms applicable from April 1, 1996. this confirms to Euro I standards.
The second hurdle has been set with a dead line of April 1, 2000, which confirm to Euro
II norms.
Economic Factors:
The second had car prices small cars have come down sharply in the recent past. This
well shift the demand from higher end two-wheelers to cars and affect the demand for
two-wheelers negatively. A further drop in second hand car prices will lead to pressure on
the two-wheeler majors who plan to release higher end scooters and motorcycles.
The availability and cost of finance affect the demand for two and three-wheelers
as the trend for increased credit purchases for consumer durable has increased over the
years. Therefore any change with respect to any of these has to be closely watched to
assess the demand for two and three wheelers.
Socio-cultural factors
A growing middle class and increasing demands for two wheelers in small towns
and rural areas.
The lower end of the market looks for durability, value for money and higher
resale value.
Technological Factors
For the two-wheelers new emission norm for year 2000 will be an acid test as
none of the present models except four stroke vehicles confirm to the norms. To full-fill
emission norms the manufacturers have three options, to switch to four-stroke engines, to
fit catalytic converts for the existing models, to improve upon the existing two-stroke
engine. The temporary option for overcoming emission norms is to fit the catalytic
converters; this will increase the cost of vehicles. But as long-run solution scooter
manufacturers have to opt for four-stroke engines or improvement in two stroke engines.
The indo-Japanese motorcycle segment will be able to overcome emission norms with the
The mopeds segment will be badly affected due to Y2K emission norms as none
of the existing moped models confirm to the specifications. With the deadline nearing,
the moped manufacturers have to tighten the belt to meet the norms.
The Competition:
Gone are those days when we could only see a Yamaha or Bullet on the road.
There is no shortage of competition in the motorcycle market now. Infect it is
intensifying and greatest threat is to the leader Hero Honda.
Ever since Hero Honda's first model cd 100 rolled out on April 1985. It has ruled,
barring of course, the four stroke motorcycle from Enfield that catered exclusively to the
350cc plus niche. But, given the phenomenal 25% annual growth rate of motorcycle
demand over the last seven years, Nemours competitor have cropped up with their own
four-stroke offering.
Yet this entire first wave of four-stroke could not match up to hero Honda’s
prowess in the market. While Kawasaki 4S has been withdrawn, the K4 100’s
volumes are negligible. The Bajaj caliber, through, still account for 3% of the
market today.
Since then there has been a virtual flood of four-stroke motorcycle with in
13 new models. Take average of two variants per model, and the customer has
been offered almost 26 more choices by the competition in the last 30-36
months. This includes the entry level Bajaj Boxer, Pulsar 150cc, 112cc Aspire and
at the premium end of the market the 174cc Eliminator.
TVS, besides splitting with partner Suzuki, has also launched 150cc Fiero
and 110cc Victor.
LML launched the 110cc Adreno and the Energy and then upgraded them
into 110cc bikes renaming them Adreno FX and Energy FX.
Kinetic introduced the 100cc Challenger and the 125cc GF 125cc in the
technical tie up with Hyosung of Taiwan.
TVS Motors
Yamaha
Motors
Honda Motors
Others
9.50% 16%
4% 7%
50
40
respondent
30
% of
20
10
0
hero bajaj tvs honda yahaha
series 45 30 14 5 6
bike
series
Inference:
Out of 100%:
45% customers are using Hero Honda two wheeler
30% customers are using Bajaj two wheeler
14% customers are using TVS two wheeler
5% customers are using Honda two wheeler
6% customers are using Yamaha two wheeler
80
% of Respondent
60
40
20 series
0
puls App CBZ unic Glad
series 65 15 13 5 2
Bikes
Inference:-
Out of 100%:
65% respondents want to purchase pulsar
15% respondents want to purchase apache
13% respondents want to purchase CBZ
5% respondents want to purchase unicorn
2% respondents want to purchase gladitor
40
Respondent
%. of
20
series
0
30- 40- 50- 60- 70-
series 32 35 20 9 4
Price range
Inference:-
Out of 100%:
32% customers have tick on 30-40
35% customers have tick on 40-50
20% customers have tick on 50-60
9% customers have tick on 60-70
4% customers have tick on 70-80
35
30
%. of Respondent
25
20
15
10
5
0
Discount Paym ent Resale Allow anc Friends Others
series 25 35 20 10 7 3
Motivating factor
series
Inference:
Out of 100%
25% customers motivated by discount
35% customers motivated by payment
20% customers motivated by resale
10% customers motivated by allowance
7% customers motivated by friends
3% customers motivated by others
70
60
%. of Respondent
50
40
30
20
10
0
TV Radia Magazine New spap Internet Others
Media
series
Inference:-
Out of 100%:
65% customers want to see promotion scheme on TV
10% customers want to see promotion scheme on radio
7.5% customers want to see promotion scheme on magazine
20% customers want to see promotion scheme on newspaper
3.5% customers want to see promotion scheme on internet
4% customers want to see promotion scheme on others
The study which we conducted on the two wheeler automobile sector is a very
important topic of automobile sector.
Two wheeler automobile sector is the backbone of the automobile sector in India.
After deep research, analysis and getting information about companies as formulated that
the two wheeler automobile companies achieved success in the market.
Through out the study we found the Two wheeler manufacturer having very new
and modern technology in their bikes, they have a good market share in India, many of
MNC's like Honda, Yamaha ,Suzuki are also giving large competition.
Hero Honda has managed to put in spectacular performance going from strength
despite increase in competition; the company's sales have witnessed an up trend,
registering an average growth of 42% in the three years under review.
Hero Honda has managed to achieve this because its strong brand image and
proven product quality underpinned the performance growth in recent years. Apart from
the strong brand "splendor" the company's performance across the spectrum of the
motorcycle market helped it exploit the growing demand for 4-stroke motorcycle.
At the lower end the company has CD 100 SS at middle level splendor, passion
and Dawn the CBZ Extreme/ Karizma range is targeted at premium segment.
Some years back Hero Honda are getting stiff competition because of Bajaj,
TVS and Yamaha have a presence in 125cc bikes segments where Hero Honda has not
any presence in this segment. Now this gap is filling up by Hero Honda's new Splendor
NXG, Glamour. But still there is a gap between 150cc to 225cc segment which is most
preferable segment by youth today.
With newer and better models are coming up customer has better and bigger
choices to choose from.
Even many dealers are in view that today Hero Honda and Bajaj, thrives on
competition.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The concept of E-bike is not new. A workable prototype was first produced in
America as barley as 1834 till the late 1890’s; E-bikes were considered to be the future.
EV in India launch by EKO vehicles private limited in 1983 by the name of product
VIDUT 24. it was a technical success but it was failed because of manufacturing system
was not perfected and since the sales volumes were low, retail prices could not be brought
down.
E-bikes Market
In 2005-06 more then 7 millions two wheelers were sold in country. Of these,
5.81 millions were motorcycles or step-thoughts, 9.08 lakh were largely scooterettes and
another 3.32 lakh were mopeds. A bare 50,000 were electric two wheelers. By the end of
this financial year in March, two wheeler sales will surge past the 8 million mark, and EV
sales should be 2 lakh vehicles in India the years.
THE EV BANDWAGON
(An assortment of small and big companies)
Electrotherm India:
(MD: Mukesh bhandari)
(Opration director: Avinash bhandari.)
Plans:
Move up from low power scooterettes to higher-power vehicles in the next few
months, backed by 250 exculsive YoWorld and YoPoint retail outlets by the end of March
2007.
Standard combines:
(Deputy director: V.K Choubey)
Plans:
This combine harvester manufacturer moved into cranes and then into two-
wheeler EV’s two years ago; plans to have 400 dealers nationwide for its EVs.
Avon cycles:
(MD: Onkar Singh Pahwa)
Plans:
Punjab (Ludhiana) based cycle manufacturer moving up the chain to tap the
booming EV market and plans to target production at 10,000 units a month eventually.
Eko Vehicles:
(Chairman & CEO: Anil Ananthakrishna)
Plans:
Second attempt at two-wheeler EV’s this time backed by tax exemptions from state
governments.
Plans:
After establishing a strong presence in the Chinese market, the company plans to
do the same in India as well. The company wants to sell at least 1,000 bikes in the first
year.
SWOT Analysis:
Strengths:
Light weight.
Good average(40-80km in single recharge)
Low cost per k/m
Good alternative of petrol.
Low maintenance.
Eco friendly.
Weakness:
Opportunities:
EV’s demand increasing every year. Last year EV’s sale is 50,000 and EV’s sales
should be 2 lakh in this year.
Rising affulance of india’s middle class consumers.
Soaring cost of fossil fuel.
Market research says potential demand for 7.7 millions EV’s over the next
decade.
Threats:
Pros Cons
1) Lower cost per kilometer (Rs 0.40/ 1) Mileage per charge is as little as 50-
km vs petrol-driven vehicles(Rs. 80 km and overnight recharge is
2/km) mandatory
2) Lower cost of maintenance since 2) The electric motors and batteries
there are fewer moving parts need to go through costly overhauls
regularly
3) Is environment-friendly since EVs 3) Availability, since EV makers are
have zero harmful emissions unknown and retail spread limited
4) Some bikes don’t require a licence 4) Limited speed and pick up;
to operate and others are auto- therefore, limited to personal
geared commuting
5) Lighter and more efficient lithium 5) No pubic charging points(paid or
lon batteries are being developed unpaid) in India for now
6) Growing acceptance as a second 6) More expensive than equivalent
two-wheeler for short trips petrol vehicles due to tax structure
7) Load carrying capacity is getting 7) Yet, current electric two-wheelers
better with new models can carry only 100-120 kg of
Overview:
Electric vehicles are virtually maintenance free. It has no gears, no engine, no belt or
chain drive, zero emission, no pollution, electronic start and accelerator, besides it is
exempted from the Central Vehicles registration act by the Automotive Research
Association of India (ARAI) and does not require any registration or license. These bikes
are usually chargeable at 220V which your refrigerator requires. For charging bikes
require special adapter. Batteries, Motors and other electrical kits are imported from china
and other countries whereas mechanical design and assembly of these bikes are done
here. Electric bikes target School students, women and who are under 18 years of age.
Following is the review on some of the manufacturers and their products in India.
Yo Bykes:
EKO vehicle:
EKO vehicle a Bangalore based company offers EKO cosmic –I scooter and EGO
bike. This company has been in this business for a long time and has dealers in various
locations in India than its counterparts. Battery weighs at 28kgs and has a life of 12000 –
15000kms. The company offers a rapid charger which will charge the bike at 10 – 15
minutes (good for intuitional consumers). Cosmic offers a variable mileage depends on
your payload. The maximum speed is 40 km/hr and Cosmic noise is less than 60decibel.
Cosmic is offered in five colours and is exported many countries.
Hero/ultra motors:
Hero cycles (Hero Honda group) - UK Ultra Motor Group will launch electric
three wheeler by the end of fiscal 2007. Hero - Ultra also has plans to tap the nascent
In West Bengal Battery-operated bikes to flood soon, It will get from kolkata,
Burdwan, Durgapur & etc. Bengal Enamel Works Ltd. with a venture in the automobile
sector with China’s Shenzhen Zhongmo Technology Co Ltd to launch light battery-
operated two-wheelers developed by Benlin Electric Cycles Company of Japan.
This e-bikes has all total 43 models now starts with 8 Models. These new gearless bikes
should be able to travel 45 km to 100 km on a single charge. Being below 250 watt, it
will have a top speed of 25 km/h. it requires no registration, driving neither license nor
payment of road taxes. BENLIN E-bikes starts with 8 Models priced at Rs. 18600/- to Rs.
45200/-(it has with disk break)
ACE motors:
Pune based Ace motors manufacturers e-bike (electric bike) and the majority of
the components of this bike are imported from China based company Changtong E Bike
Company Ltd. The e-bikes from Ace Motors weigh almost 60kg. The bike offers a load-
carrying capacity of 100-140 kg. To cover a distance of 220 km, you need to charge the
bike for 6 - 8 hours at 220 volts. The maximum speed of the bike is 25 km/hr and is
priced at Rs 26,500.
Verdict:
“It is estimated that India’s fossil fuel dependency on other countries currently
from 70% to 82% in 2012. If we can have three lakh Electric Vehicles on the roads by
2020, including three-wheelers, cars, and scooters, this could result in a reduction of over
16 lakh metric tons of CO, NOx and HC by 2020, savings of over Rs 3,700 crore in
foreign exchange and significant health costs savings”—- automonitor
Government has reduced the custom duty on three of the imported components in
battery operated vehicles (BOV) to 10%.Excise duty reduced on electric vehicles from
16% to 8% in 2004 budget. But the industry feels that the efforts are not sufficient.
Toyota Prius the model which accounts for nearly 80 per cent of the hybrid vehicle sold
globally is about Rs 10 lakh in the US. In India at current levels of duty, it could cost
anywhere between Rs 20-25 lakh because of the high import duty. At present total import
duty is 111% (60% on CBU imports plus countervailing duties and other levies).
Based upon innovative, novel ideas and best quality practices, INDUS will bring a
revolutionary change in Indian Automobile Market. The expertise in power electronics
and electrical technology has lead ET into this motoring venture. ET’s excellent practices
for customer care will continue to be the backbone. However, the biggest strength lies in
the visionary people who have given ET the international repute for the futuristic
products.
INTRODUCTION:
Electrotherm India Ltd., the promoter of the YO bykes in India, is the leader in
metallurgical equipment field. Established in 1982, Electrotherm has built a wide range
of Electric Furnaces and revolutionized Steel Making, Melting and Refining in India. A
‘Solution Driven Company’, it has successfully installed over 1300 furnaces around the
world and is known for its product quality and excellent customer service.
The rear wheel of the vehicle is driven either by an electric brush motor or a
brushless hub motor. The drive is usually direct.
The accelerator is located on the right hand side grip of the handle bar, similar to
petrol vehicles.
Brake levers are provided on both sides of the handle-bars as in non-geared petrol
vehicles. An additional safety feature is that on applying brake, the power supply to
motor is cut off.
Battery supplies the energy and therefore can be termed as ‘fuel tank’. The battery
is suitably located on the vehicle, keeping in mind weight distribution, balance, etc. One
full charge provides a ride of about 50 kms depending on riding conditions, weight
carried and slope climbing, etc.
ELECTRONIC ACCELERATOR:
BATTERIES:
Battery pack is the ‘fuel tank’ of a YObyke. There are various types of batteries that are
used for supplying energy. There are Lead Acid batteries, Nickel Metal Hydrate (Ni-MH)
batteries, Lithium batteries, etc. Although Lead Acid batteries are heavier than Ni-MH
batteries, they are commonly used for electric vehicles as they are quite economical with
good performance. YObykes are provided with maintenance-free Lead Acid batteries.
BATTERY CHARGER:
The charger replaces the charge in the batteries after the use. Some are built-in,
while others are separate and must be carried along if you want to charge away from
home. Similar to Laptop chargers. Chargers are rated in terms of current carrying
capacity (amps). The charger converts an AC supply to DC to store power in the battery.
This charger can be used with any normal domestic AC plug point (5A or 15A). This
makes charging of battery pack easy and convenient. Moreover, the charger provided
along with the YObykes is designed to avoid overcharging.
The life of all the parts including battery, motor, controller, etc., depends on the
care in handling and usage. The user is advised to follow the instructions and develop
right usage practices in order to get optimum performance of YObykes.
SAFETY FEATURES
We have taken utmost care to incorporate all the necessary safety features in the
YObykes to ensure safe and comfortable ride. We are sure that following safety features
would further build your confidence in YObykes.
No fire hazards. A YObyke is safer than petrol vehicle due to the absence of any
inflammable material.
It’s safe in all weathers, including rainy season as the electrical parts are well-
shielded and protected.
Even distribution of weight, including the rider’s weight, is attained for proper
balance.
Bright head lights and side indicator lights have been provided for better visibility
and safety, respectively.
Making heads turn is an art only a handful know. We’ve just discovered a
secret to that art – get on YOSpin. If looks could kill, than YO Spin is surely a
serial killer.It is smooth and silent and runs on electricity. Now turn the
heads the way you want.
Special Features
• Intelligent Braking System (With electronic sensors)
• Electronic Accelerator
• Pollution Free
• Aerodynamic Shape
• Large Under seat Space
• Alloy Wheels
• Electronic Controller
• Electronic Start
Enough of following the trend, it’s time to set one. Lead with difference, lead with
YOTrend. Whether it’s the technology it moves on or the out-of-this-world look,
everything about YO Trend is anything but ordinary.
Elegant Instrument Panel for Speed Indicator and Battery Level Indicator.
Specifications
Overall Dimension 1750 x 638 x 1140 mm
Wheel Size 22''
Weight Carrying
75 Kg
Capacity
Motor Power < 200 W
Motor Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
Battery Type Maintenance-free VRLA Deep Discharge, 12Ah
Lamp Voltage 36 V
Speed < 25 Km/hr
Charging Duration 6 - 8 hours
Range / Charge
50 Km
Mileage
Colors Available Purple Grey, Rose Red Pink, Holland Orange
Special Features
With YO Tuff on your side, the world is your terrain. Specially designed bigger wheels
make it easy to slice through the challenges of the road with flair of a professional rider.
Now pull up your socks and mount on your YOTuff. The road is waiting.
YO Tuff – manufactured with state-of-the-art technology by Indus
Specifications
Contact:
INDUS ELEC-TRANS
A division of Electrotherm (India) Ltd.
Phone
+91- 2717- 234553 – 7, 234613-5
Fax
+91- 2717- 237870, 234616
E-mail
info@induselectrans.com
hr@induselectrans.com
QUESTIONNAIRE
5. What are the factors which motive you most while purchasing a two wheeler?
o Discount
o Payment period
o Resale value
o Allowance
o Friends
www.bajajmotors.com
www.herohondamotors.com
www.indiabike.net.com
www.google.com
www.yahoofinance.com
www.indiaserf.com
www.honda2wheeler.com
www.yamahamotorsindia.com
www.tvsmotorsltd.com
Acknowledgement
1. Abstract
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Objective 1
1.3 Null Hypothesis 1
1.4 Scope of Study 1
1.5 Method of Collecting Data 2
1.6 Sources of Data 2
1.7 Method of Calculation and Analytical Processing 2
1.8 Conclusions and Recommendations 3
1.9 Limitation of Study 4
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