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Agenda
Need for duct leakage testing Duct leakage testing standards and regulations Performing duct leakage testing
System Leakage
IAQ IAQ, Comfort, Comfort Energy issues caused by leakage from HVAC System System Leakage = Duct Leakage + Equipment Leakage + Accessory y Leakage g Scope of presentation = Duct leakage
Does not include:
Leakage through Equipment (See ASHRAE 193) Leakage through Accessories
Europe
Longitudinal g Seam
Joining of 2 edges in direction of airflow
Penetration
Rod, wire, tubing, etc.
Higher-pressure ductwork
ASHRAE 90 90.1 1 recommends only testing ductwork rated >3 in H2O Dont test flex duct
2011, TSI Incorporated
Seal ductwork Pressurize ductwork to specified level Measure flow required to maintain duct pressure Compare to standards
Need N dt to consider id
Surface area of ductwork
Type of ductwork (round, rectangular)
Static pressure
2011, TSI Incorporated
F=CL* P0.65 F = Max Leakage (cfm/100 ft2) CL = Leakage Class (from table above) P = Pressure (in H2O)
2011, TSI Incorporated
F=CL* P0.65 F = Max Leakage (cfm/100 ft2) CL = Leakage Class (from table above) P = Pressure (in H2O)
2011, TSI Incorporated
F = CL
Where duct
.65 P
2 F = Leakage [CFM] / 100 ft CL = Duct Leakage Classification P = Duct Static Pressure [w.g.] wg]
2011, TSI Incorporated
REMEDIATE!
2011, TSI Incorporated
SPECIFY!
2011, TSI Incorporated
Test Procedure
1) Select Duct Section for Testing 2) Measure and Calculate Duct Surface Area 3) ) Seal All Openings p g ( (except p one) )
Test Apparatus
Duct Leakage Test System consists of: 1) Blower with speed control (VFD) to generate range of pressure/flow 2) Flow measuring devices - Flow Grid/Flow Station (High Flow) - Orifice Plate (Low Flow) 3) P Pressure i instruments t t ( (manometers) t ) 4) Accessories to attach to duct system 5) Optional item (smoke generator)
2011, TSI Incorporated
Summary
Leaky ductwork is costly There are Standards and Test Procedures Designer: Be Specific with specs and i t ti instructions Choose Ch th the right i ht T Test tE Equipment i t
2011, TSI Incorporated
Contacts
Ken Helfers, TSI Inc. Ken.helfers@tsi.com 502-897-0945 897 0945 502 Siva Iyer, TSI Inc. siva.iyer@tsi.com 651-765-3721 765 3721 651
Appendix
Pt = test pressure
2011, TSI Incorporated
Air Tightness Class Low pressure Class A Medium pressure Class B High pressure Class C
Pt = test pressure
2011, TSI Incorporated
Comparison
EU Standards Standard / Actual Conversions Required SMACNA Standard Suggested if: Air Temp <40F or >100F Elevation El ti >1500 f feet t Duct static <-20 in H2O or >+20 in H2O
Comparison
EU Standards Report Requirements Specified in Standards Site details Date Location L ti Test equipment Personnel & witnesses Ductwork installer & manufacturer Duct design operating pressure Required Air Tightness Class SMACNA Standard Defers to project specifications. Suggests: Site Details Date D t Location Personnel & witnesses Duct section tested
Comparison
EU Standards Report Requirements Specified in Standards Measurements Duct surface area Test T t pressure Leakage rate Pressurizing time Calculated Leakage factor Air Leakage Limit Pass/fail result SMACNA Standard Defers to project specifications. Suggests: Measurements Duct D t surface f area Test pressure Leakage rate Calculated Max Air Leakage allowed Pass/fail result