DISEO DE ZAPATA AISLADA EXCENTRICA

El diseo de Zapatas Aisladas excntricas se realiza cuando se encuentra con solicitaciones de carga axial y momento.
Este caso produce presiones variables en la base debido a las cargas P y M actuantes. En nuestro diseo trataremos
que los esfuerzos de reaccin del suelo slo sean de compresin, para ello tendremos que la excentricidad sea menor
que el largo de la zapata ( en la direccin de anlisis ) dividido por 6.

DISEO DE ZAPATAS DEL EJE B y C DE LAS COLUMNAS CENTRALES ( Z - 1 )

Datos:

Pd col.=
Pd =
Pl =
Ps=
Ps/1.25=
Pd col + Pd+Pl+Ps/1.25 =

6.41
70.27
18.72
2.59
2.07
97.47

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn

Md =
Ml =
Ms =
Ms/1.25=
Md+Ml+Ms/1.25=

Columnas

1.17
0.33
3.54
2.83
4.33

tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m

15
210
4200
1800

tn/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m3

Zapata
b=
t=
fc =

45
45
210
2400
0

Y conc. =
s/c

cm
cm
kg/cm2
kg/m3
kg/m2

Rt
fc =
fy =
Y suelo =

Capacidad portante del terreno admisible

Rta =

Rt - Yprom * h -s/c

Rta =

12.48 Tn/m2

DISEO EN PLANTA (servicio)

1) Az =Pt / Rt =

((Pd + Pl) ) / Rta

2) Az = Pt /(1.33 x Rta) =

((Pd + Pl + Ps) ) / 1.33 x Rta

Luego escogemos:

Az =

7.131 m2

Az =

5.517 m2

7.131 m2

m
b

Az =

A = (2m + b)
B = (2m + t)

2.67 mt
2.67 mt

AxB=

7.29 m2

A=
B=

A x B = Az
B

(2m + 0.45) (2m + 0.45) =

a=
b=
c=

Coeficiente de ecuacin
para calcular m :

4.000
1.800
-6.928

7.131
m1 =
m2 =

m=

1.110160
-1.560160

1.11 m

Verificacin: e = M / P

Luego:
Entonces:

e=

0.055 mt.

B/6=

0.45 mt.

e < B/6

OK!

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A

Rt2 =

11.74 tn/m2
1.17 kg/cm2

Rt1 =

15.01 tn/m2
1.50 kg/cm2

2.70 mt
2.70 mt

1.17

1.50
45

2.70

45
1.17

1.50
2.70

DISEO EN ALTURA
acero # 6
fc = 210 kg/cm2
diam. pulg. =
0.75 pulg
db =
1.905 cm

0.08 x db x fy / ( 210) =

44.17 cm

0.004 x db x fy =

32.00 cm

ld =
d=

44 cm

20 cm.

POR PUNZONAMIENTO
d=

Asumiendo

50 cm
bo

Ao =(b + d) (t + d)
Ao =
Ao =

9025 cm2
0.90 m2

Ao

bo = 2 x (b + d) + 2 x (t + d)
bo =
bo =

380 cm.
3.80 mt.

d/2
d/2

Pu = 1.25 x (Pd + Pl)+Ps

Pu =

121.84 tn
e=

0.044 mt.

Mu = 1.25 x (Md + Ml+) Ms

CL
0.4

d/2
Mu =

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt2 =

q1
15.06 tn/m2
1.51 kg/cm2

q2

1.51 kg/cm2
0.33
kg/cm2

Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A
Rt1 =

d/2

5.42 tn-m

87.5
18.36 tn/m2
1.84 kg/cm2

cm

1.84

182.5 cm
270.00 cm

Luego:
q1 =

1.613 kg/cm2

0.161 tn/m2

q2 =

1.729 kg/cm2

0.173 tn/m2

Vu = Pu - Vo t

Vo t = ((q1 + q2) / 2) x Ao
Ao
q1

Vu = Pu - ((q1 +q2) / 2) x Ao
q2

kg/cm2

Vu =

18.38 tn
18378.05 kg

Vuo = Vu /(0 x bo x d)
Vuo =

Vc = 1.1 x (fc^0.5)

1.138

kg/cm2

Vc =

Vuo < Vc

15.94

kg/cm2

OK!

CORTE POR FLEXION

d=

50 cm
d

62.50

cm
Luego :
q1 =

1.41 kg/cm2

Vu
q=

1.51
q1

1.84 kg/cm2
207.5 cm

270

cm

62.50 cm

A1 =

16875.00 cm2

Vu = ((q1 + q2)/2) x A1
A1

270.00

cm
Vu =

27402.48 kg
27.40 tn

1.41
1.84 kg/cm2

Vu = Vu / (0 x A x d)
Vu =

Vc = 0.85X0.53 x ( fc ^ 0.5)
Vc =

6.53 kg/cm2

Vu < Vc

OK!

2.41 kg/cm2

CALCULO DE ACERO (Asb)

1.13

xoy

15.06

q3 =

10.71

tn/m2

q3
18.36 tn/m2

Ax =A*m =
Ay = B*m =

1.58

2.70

3.038 m2
3.038 m2

Fx =
Fy =

27.0187066

44.16 tn
44.16 tn

Mux = F x* x
Muy = Fy * y

x=
y=

0.61 m
0.56 m

27.02 tn-m
24.84 tn-m
As = Mu / (0 x fy (d-a/2))
Asx=
Asy =

15.88
14.60

cm2
cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 0.0018 * b * h
As min = 0.0018 * b * h

As min =

24.3 cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 14.1 * b * d /fy

As min = 14.1* b * d /fy

As min =
As min =

45 cm2
45 cm2

Direccion x

As min =

As min =

32.61 cm2

As min =

32.61 cm2

0.7 (f'c)^0.5 * (b * d)
fy

Direecion y

Losas con varillas

ACI

muy elevada

ACI y R.N.E.

DISEO FINAL DE LA ZAPATA

12 # 6 #6 @ 0.25
As x =

12 # 6 #6 @ 0.25m

As y =

12 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.70
12 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.70
Z - 1 2.80 x 2.80
h = 0.60 m
N.F.C. - 1.20

DISEO DE ZAPATAS DEL EJE B y C DE LAS COLUMNAS LATERALES ( Z - 2 )

Datos:

Pd col.=
Pd =
Pl =
Ps=
Ps/1.25=
Pd col + Pd+Pl+Ps/1.25 =

6.41
43.78
11.68
2.56
2.05
63.92

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn

Md =
Ml =
Ms =
Ms/1.25=
Md+Ml+Ms/1.25=

Columnas

1.17
0.33
2.96
2.37
3.87

tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m

15
210
4200
1800

tn/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m3

Zapata
b=
t=
fc =

45
45
210
2400
0

Y conc. =
s/c

cm
cm
kg/cm2
kg/m3
kg/m2

Rt
fc =
fy =
Y suelo =

Capacidad portante del terreno admisible

Rta =

Rt - Yprom * h -s/c

Rta =

12.48 Tn/m2

DISEO EN PLANTA (servicio)

1) Az =Pt / Rt =

((Pd + Pl) ) / Rta

2) Az = Pt /(1.33 x Rta) =

((Pd + Pl + Ps) ) / 1.33 x Rta

Luego escogemos:

Az =

4.444 m2

Az =

3.496 m2

4.444 m2

A = (2m + b)
B = (2m + t)

2.11 mt
2.11 mt

AxB=

4.41 m2

A=
B=

b
m

Az =

A x B = Az
B

(2m + 0.45) (2m + 0.45) =

a=
b=
c=

Coeficiente de ecuacin
para calcular m :

4.000
1.800
-4.241

4.444
m1 =
m2 =

m=

0.829029
-1.279029

0.83 m

Verificacin: e = M / P

Luego:
Entonces:

e=

0.077 mt.

B/6=

0.35 mt.

e < B/6

OK!

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A

1.13

1.77
45
45

1.13

1.77

2.10

Rt2 =

11.31 tn/m2
1.13 kg/cm2

Rt1 =

17.68 tn/m2
1.77 kg/cm2

2.10 mt
2.10 mt

DISEO EN ALTURA
acero # 6
fc = 210 kg/cm2
diam. pulg. =
0.75 pulg
db =
1.91 cm

0.08 x db x fy / ( 210) =

44.17 cm

0.004 x db x fy =

32.00 cm

ld =
d=

44 cm

20 cm.

POR PUNZONAMIENTO
d=

Asumiendo

50 cm
bo

Ao =(b + d) (t + d)
Ao =
Ao =

9025 cm2
0.90 m2

Ao

bo = 2 x (b + d) + 2 x (t + d)
bo =
bo =

380 cm.
3.80 mt.

d/2
d/2

Pu = 1.25 x (Pd + Pl)+Ps

Pu =

79.90 tn
e=

0.061 mt.

Mu = 1.25 x (Md + Ml+) Ms

CL
0.4

d/2
Mu =

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt2 =

q1
14.98 tn/m2
1.50 kg/cm2

q2

1.50 kg/cm2
0.63
kg/cm2

Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A
Rt1 =

d/2

4.84 tn-m

57.5
21.25 tn/m2
2.12 kg/cm2

cm

2.12

152.5 cm
210.00 cm

Luego:
q1 =

1.670 kg/cm2

0.167 tn/m2

q2 =

1.953 kg/cm2

0.195 tn/m2

Vu = Pu - Vo t

Vo t = ((q1 + q2) / 2) x Ao
Ao
q1

Vu = Pu - ((q1 +q2) / 2) x Ao
q2

Vu =

13.06 tn
13063.96 kg

Vuo = Vu /(0 x bo x d)
Vuo =

0.809

Vc = 1.1 x (fc^0.5)
kg/cm2

Vc =

15.94

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

CORTE POR FLEXION

d=

50 cm
d

32.50

cm
Luego :
q1 =

1.80 kg/cm2

Vu
q=

1.50
q1

2.12 kg/cm2
177.5 cm

210

cm

32.50 cm

A1 =

6825.00 cm2

Vu = ((q1 + q2)/2) x A1
A1

210.00

cm
Vu =

13380.76 kg
13.38 tn

1.80
2.12 kg/cm2

Vu = Vu / (0 x A x d)
Vu =

1.49 kg/cm2

Vc = 0.85X0.53 x ( fc ^ 0.5)
Vc =

6.53 kg/cm2

Vu < Vc

OK!

CALCULO DE ACERO (Asb)

0.83

xoy

14.98

q3 =

12.90

tn/m2

q3
21.25 tn/m2

Ax =A*m =
Ay = B*m =
Fx =
Fy =
Mux = F x* x
Muy = Fy * y

1.28

2.10

1.733 m2
1.733 m2

13.19764355

29.58 tn
29.58 tn

x=
y=

0.45 m
0.41 m

13.20 tn-m
12.20 tn-m
As = Mu / (0 x fy (d-a/2))
Asx=
Asy =

7.76
7.17

cm2
cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 0.0018 * b * h
As min = 0.0018 * b * h

As min =

18.9 cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 14.1 * b * d /fy

As min = 14.1* b * d /fy

As min =
As min =

35 cm2
35 cm2

Direccion x

As min =

As min =

25.36 cm2

As min =

25.36 cm2

0.7 (f'c)^0.5 * (b * d)
fy

Direecion y

Losas con varillas

ACI

muy elevada

ACI y R.N.E.

DISEO FINAL DE LA ZAPATA

9 # 6 #6 @ 0.25
As x =

9 # 6 #6 @ 0.25m

As y =

9 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.10
9 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.10
Z - 1 2.80 x 2.80
h = 0.60 m
N.F.C. - 1.20

DISEO DE ZAPATAS DEL EJE A y D DE LAS COLUMNAS ESQUINA ( Z - 3 )

Datos:

Pd col.=
Pd =
Pl =
Ps=
Ps/1.25=
Pd col + Pd+Pl+Ps/1.25 =

6.41
40.92
10.90
-11.75
-9.40
48.83

tn
tn
tn
tn
tn
tn

Md =
Ml =
Ms =
Ms/1.25=

1.06
-0.153
4.06
3.25
4.16

Md+Ml+Ms/1.25=

Columnas

tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m
tn-m

Zapata
b=
t=
fc =

45
45
210
2400
0

Y conc. =
s/c

cm
cm
kg/cm2
kg/m3
kg/m2

Rt
fc =
fy =
Y suelo =

Capacidad portante del terreno admisible

Rta =

15
210
4200
1800

tn/m2
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
kg/m3

Rt - Yprom * h -s/c

Rta =

12.48 Tn/m2

DISEO EN PLANTA (servicio)

1) Az =Pt / Rt =

((Pd + Pl) ) / Rta

2) Az = Pt /(1.33 x Rta) =

((Pd + Pl + Ps) ) / 1.33 x Rta

Luego escogemos:

Az =

4.152 m2

Az =

2.414 m2

4.152 m2

A = (2m + b)
B = (2m + t)

2.04 mt
2.04 mt

AxB=

4.00 m2

A=
B=

b
m

Az =

A x B = Az
B

(2m + 0.45) (2m + 0.45) =

a=
b=
c=

Coeficiente de ecuacin
para calcular m :

4.000
1.800
-3.950

4.152
m1 =
m2 =

m=

0.793853
-1.243853

0.79 m

Verificacin: e = M / P

Luego:
Entonces:

e=

0.124 mt.

B/6=

0.34 mt.

e < B/6

OK!

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A

0.77

1.67
45
45

0.77

1.67

2.00

Rt2 =

7.67 tn/m2
0.77 kg/cm2

Rt1 =

16.75 tn/m2
1.67 kg/cm2

2.00 mt
2.00 mt

DISEO EN ALTURA
acero # 6
fc = 210 kg/cm2
diam. pulg. =
0.75 pulg
db =
1.91 cm

0.08 x db x fy / ( 210) =

44.17 cm

0.004 x db x fy =

32.00 cm

ld =
d=

44 cm

20 cm.

POR PUNZONAMIENTO
d=

Asumiendo

50 cm
bo

Ao =(b + d) (t + d)
Ao =
Ao =

9025 cm2
0.90 m2

Ao

bo = 2 x (b + d) + 2 x (t + d)
bo =
bo =

380 cm.
3.80 mt.

d/2
d/2

Pu = 1.25 x (Pd + Pl)+Ps

Pu =

61.04 tn
e=

0.085 mt.

Mu = 1.25 x (Md + Ml+) Ms

CL
0.4

d/2
Mu =

Rt2 = (P x (1-6e/h)) / A
Rt2 =

q1
11.36 tn/m2
1.14 kg/cm2

q2

1.14 kg/cm2
0.78
kg/cm2

Rt1 = (P x (1+6e/h)) / A
Rt1 =

d/2

5.19 tn-m

52.5
19.15 tn/m2
1.92 kg/cm2

cm

1.92

147.5 cm
200.00 cm

Luego:
q1 =

1.341 kg/cm2

0.134 tn/m2

q2 =

1.711 kg/cm2

0.171 tn/m2

Vu = Pu - Vo t

Vo t = ((q1 + q2) / 2) x Ao
Ao
q1

Vu = Pu - ((q1 +q2) / 2) x Ao
q2

Vu =

8.41 tn
8405.83 kg

Vuo = Vu /(0 x bo x d)
Vuo =

0.520

Vc = 1.1 x (fc^0.5)
kg/cm2

Vc =

15.94

kg/cm2

kg/cm2

CORTE POR FLEXION

d=

50 cm
d

27.50

cm
Luego :
q1 =

1.65 kg/cm2

Vu
q=

1.14
q1

1.92 kg/cm2
172.5 cm

200

cm

27.50 cm

A1 =

5500.00 cm2

Vu = ((q1 + q2)/2) x A1
A1

200.00

cm
Vu =

9810.79 kg
9.81 tn

1.65
1.92 kg/cm2

Vu = Vu / (0 x A x d)
Vu =

1.13 kg/cm2

Vc = 0.85X0.53 x ( fc ^ 0.5)
Vc =

6.53 kg/cm2

Vu < Vc

OK!

CALCULO DE ACERO (Asb)

0.78

xoy

11.36

q3 =

11.73

tn/m2

q3
19.15 tn/m2

Ax =A*m =
Ay = B*m =
Fx =
Fy =
Mux = F x* x
Muy = Fy * y

1.23

2.00

1.550 m2
1.550 m2

10.01874956

23.94 tn
23.94 tn

x=
y=

0.42 m
0.39 m

10.02 tn-m
9.28 tn-m
As = Mu / (0 x fy (d-a/2))
Asx=
Asy =

5.89
5.45

cm2
cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 0.0018 * b * h
As min = 0.0018 * b * h

As min =

18 cm2

Direccion x
Direecion y

As min = 14.1 * b * d /fy

As min = 14.1* b * d /fy

As min =
As min =

33.33333333 cm2
33.33333333 cm2

Direccion x

As min =

As min =

24.15 cm2

As min =

24.15 cm2

0.7 (f'c)^0.5 * (b * d)
fy

Direecion y

Losas con varillas

ACI

muy elevada

ACI y R.N.E.

DISEO FINAL DE LA ZAPATA

9 # 6 #6 @ 0.25
As x =

9 # 6 #6 @ 0.25m

As y =

9 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.00
9 # 6 # 6@ 0.25m

2.00
Z - 1 2.80 x 2.80
h = 0.60 m
N.F.C. - 1.20