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CULTIVATION MEDIA IN BACTERIOLOGY I

MacConkey agar

MacConkey agar plate

Escherichia coli on MacConkey agar (lactose positive)

Lactose fermenting Escherichia coli on MacConkey agar

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

What is agar plate?

Appearance of lactose positive E.coli on MacConkey

MacConkey agar: lactose positive colonies of Escherichia coli

Klebsiella pneumoniae on MacConkey: lactose positive

Colonies of Klebsiella pneumoniae on MacConkey agar (lactose positive)

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enterica on MacConkey agar: lactose + and -

Serratia marcescens on MacConkey agar: lactose negative

Lactose negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa on MacConkey agar

Pseudomonas aeruginosa on MacConkey agar (lactose negative)

MacConkey Agar
Use: Moderately selective culture medium for the detection of coliform organisms and enteric pathogens GROWTH
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INHIBITION OF GROWTH

Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

LACTOSE POSITIVE examples Escherichia coli (most strains) Klebsiella pneumoniae Entrobacter cloacae

LACTOSE NEGATIVE examples Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica Shigella spp. Proteus spp. Citrobacter freundii (some strains) Morganella morganii Providencia spp. staphylococci streptococci enterococci Crystal violet and bile salts in medium inhibit growth of Gram-positive microorganisms

BACTERIUM Escherichia coli Enterobacter cloacae Klebsilla pneumoniae Proteus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella and Shigella Gram-positive bacteria

TYPICAL GROWTH ON MACCONKEY AGAR Pink to rose-red. Colonies may be surrounded by a zone of precipitated bile. Pink, mucoid. Pink, mucoid. Colorless. Colorless to pink. Colorless. No growth to slight growth (pale pink). MacConkey agar on Wikipedia www.microbelibrary.org

Endo Agar

Endo agar plate

Lactose positive colonies of Escherichia coli on Endo agar

Lactose positive colonies of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Endo agar

Colonies of Escherichia coli on Endo agar (lactose positive)

Colonies of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Endo agar (lactose positive)

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Colonies of Escherichia coli on Endo agar (lactose positive, metallic sheen)

E.coli on Endo agar (lactose positive, metallic sheen)

Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli on Endo agar (lactose positive)

Klebsiella pneumoniae on MacConkey agar (lactose positive)

Lactose negative colonies of Salmonella enterica on Endo agar

Shigella flexneri on Endo agar (lactose negative)

Colonies of Shigella flexneri on Endo agar (lactose negative)

Endo Agar
Use: Moderately selective culture medium for the detection and confirmation of coliforms and other enteric microorganisms GROWTH LACTOSE POSITIVE examples Escherichia coli (most strains) Klebsiella pneumoniae Entrobacter cloacae LACTOSE NEGATIVE examples Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica Shigella spp. Proteus spp. Citrobacter freundii (some strains) Morganella morganii Providencia spp. staphylococci streptococci enterococci Inhibition of Gram-positive microorganisms is achieved by the sodium sulfite and basic fuchsin contained in the formulation INHIBITION OF GROWTH

BACTERIUM
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TYPICAL GROWTH ON ENDO AGAR

Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Escherichia coli Enterobacter cloacae Klebsilla pneumoniae Proteus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella and Shigella Gram-positive bacteria

Colonies pink to rose-red with/without green metallic sheen. Pink to rose-red, mucoid. Pink to rose-red, mucoid. Colorless. Colorless. Colorless. No growth to slight growth (pale pink to red). Endo agar on Wikipedia

Deoxycholate Citrate Agar

Klebsiella pneumoniae on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA) (lactose positive)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose negative)

Proteus mirabilis on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose negative)

Salmonella enterica on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose negative, H2S positive)

Lactose negative and lactose positive colonies of bacteria on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA)

Klebsiella pneumoniae on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose positive)

Proteus mirabilis on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose negative)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (lactose negative)

Lactose negative colonies of Proteus mirabilis (larger) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar

Lactose negative, H2S positive colonies of Salmonella enterica on Deoxycholate Citrate Agar

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Lactose negative, H2S positive colonies of Salmonella enterica, lactose negative colonies of Proteus mirabilis and lactose positive colonies of Escherichia coli

Lactose negative, hydrogen sulfide positive colonies of Salmonella enterica and lactose negative colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Deoxycholate Citrate Agar

Use: Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species; moderately selective. GROWTH LACTOSE POSITIVE examples Escherichia coli (most strains) Klebsiella pneumoniae Entrobacter cloacae Partial to complete inhibition. BACTERIUM Salmonella spp. Shigella spp. Proteus Escherichia coli Enterobacter cloacae Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gram-positive bacteria LACTOSE NEGATIVE examples Completely suppress the Gram-positive microbial flora. Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica Shigella spp. Proteus spp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Inhibition of Gram-positive microorganisms and coliforms is achieved by the deoxycholate and citrate contained in the formulation. INHIBITION OF GROWTH

TYPICAL GROWTH ON DEOXYCHOLATE CITRATE AGAR Colorless colonies with or without black centers (H2S production). Colorless. Colorless colonies with or without black centers (H2S production). Partial to complete inhibition. Pink with/without bile precipitate. Pink. Partial to complete inhibition. Pink. Partial to complete inhibition. Colorless. Partial to complete inhibition. No growth. Deoxycholate Citrate Agar on Wikipedia

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Blood Agar

Columbia Sheep Blood Agar

Beta-hemolysis on blood agar (Staphylococcus aureus )

Beta-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pyogenes )

Beta-hemolysis on blood agar (Listeria ivanovii )

Beta-hemolysis (Streptococcus pyogenes ) and gamma-hemolysis (Enterococcus faecalis ) on blood agar

Alpha-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pneumoniae )

Alpha-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pneumoniae )

Alpha-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pneumoniae )

Gamma-hemolysis on blood agar (Escherichia coli)

Gamma-hemolysis on blood agar (Klebsiella pneumoniae )

Gamma-hemolysis on blood agar (Enterococcus faecalis )

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Non-hemolytic colonies on blood agar (Salmonella enterica)

Gamma-hemolysis on blood agar (Escherichia coli)

Alpha-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pneumoniae )

Alpha-hemolysis on blood agar (viridans streptococci)

Beta-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus agalactiae )

Beta-hemolytic colonies on blood agar (Staphylococcus aureus )

Beta-hemolysis on blood agar (Streptococcus pyogenes )

Gamma-hemolysis and betahemolysis on blood agar (Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus pyogenes )

Blood agar on Wikipedia Hemolysis on Wikipedia www.microbelibrary.org

Mueller Hinton Agar

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Mueller Hinton agar

Klebsiella pneumoniae on Mueller Hinton agar

Escherichia coli on Mueller Hinton agar

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia on Mueller Hinton agar

Staphylococcus aureus on Mueller Hinton agar

Variovorax paradoxus on Mueller Hinton agar

Chryseobacterium indologenes on Mueller Hinton agar

Chryseobacterium indologenes and an actinomycete on Mueller Hinton agar

Yellowish colonies of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia on Mueller Hinton agar

Mucoid colonies of Klebsiella pneumoniae on Mueller Hinton agar

Yellow colonies of Staphylococcus aureus on Mueller Hinton agar

Enterobacter cloacae on Mueller Hinton agar

Rapidly growing Mycobacterium sp. on Mueller Hinton agar

Colonies of Mycobacterium sp. on Mueller Hinton agar (eugonic growth)

Mycobacterium sp. on Mueller-Hinton agar

Mycobacterium chelonae on Mueller Hinton agar (disgonic growth)

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Mueller Hinton agar on Wikipedia

Disk Diffusion Test on Mueller Hinton Agar

Disk Diffusion Test on Mueller-Hinton Agar

Bacterium susceptible to ampicillin and resistant to gentamicin

Good susceptibility to antibiotics

Kirby-Bauer antibiotic testing on Mueller-Hinton Agar

Disk Diffusion Test on Mueller-Hinton Agar (susceptible strain, ampicillin resistant)

Bacterium resistant to 3 out of 6 tested antibiotics

Alcaligenes faecalis resistant to 4 out of 6 tested antibiotics

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: subpopulations of cefotaxime resistant bacteria

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: susceptible to ciprofloxacin, resistant to the rest (small inhibition zone around tetracycline)

Klebsiella pneumoniae: good susceptibility to tested antibiotics (ESBL screening)

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Images of bacteria - gallery of bacteria. Images of medically important and nonpathogenic bacterial species growing on various cultivation media.

Klebsiella pneumoniae: double disk synergy test (ESBL positive)

Staphylococcus aureus: E-test

Antibiotic testing (on Wikipedia) E-test(on Wikipedia) www.microbelibrary.org

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