ATTRIBUTES OF HUMAN ACTS Man is hold liable or responsible in all his actions.

The essential attributes of human acts will explicitly elaborate how man will be judged as responsible for his actions. 1. Knowledge - an act must be performed by a conscious agent (doer) who is aware of what he is doing and of its consequences. Children below the age of reason, the insane and the senile are considered incapable of acting knowingly. 2. Freedom - an act must be performed by an agent who is acting freely, i.e., by his own volition and powers. An action done under duress and against ones will is not entirely a free action. 3. Will - an agent must perform willfully. The willfulness is the resolve to perform an act in the here and now, or in some future time.

MORAL DISTINCTION Human acts may either be in conformity or not with the dictates of reason. Dictates of reason refers to the shared consciousness of prudent people about the propriety of a certain action or manner of behavior. It is also the norm of morality which is the standard by which actions are judged as to their merits or demerits. On the basis of their relation to the norm of morality, actions are classified into: 1. Moral actions- actions in conformity with the norm of morality. They are good and permissible. 2. Immoral actions- actions which are not in conformity with the norm of morality they are bad or evil and are not permissible. 3. Amoral actions- actions which stand neutral in relation to the norm of morality. These are neither good nor bad in themselves. But certain amoral actions may become good or bad because circumstances attendant to them. Voluntariness Comes from the Latin word voluntas referring to the will. Condition or accounts of which an act proceeds with a previous knowledge of the end. 1. Perfect Voluntariness is present in a person who fully knows and fully intend an act. 2. Imperfect Voluntariness is present in a person who acts without fully realizing what t he means to do, or without fully intending an act. 3. Conditional Voluntariness is present in a person who is forced by circumstances beyond his control to perform an act which he would not do under normal conditions. 4. Simple Voluntariness is present imn a person doing an act willfully, regardless of whether he likes to do it or not. Types of Voluntariness 1. Direct Voluntariness an act is directly voluntary when the act is intended fort its own sake, either as a means or as an end.

2. Indirect Voluntariness is an act which is not intended for its own sake but which merely follows as a regrettable consequence of an action directly willed