RET-WALL 2.5 M High

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com
Client
Calcs by
Sheet
SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
28th Dec 2012
Retaining Wall Design : Ver W2.5.07 - 24 Aug 2011

Title : RETAINING WALL 2.5m To 0.0
Input Data
Wall Dimensions
H1
H2
H3
Hw
Hr
B
D
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
2.5
0.6
0
2
C
F
xf
At
Ab
0.45 Cov wall
1 Cov base
Unfactored Live Loads
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
(m)
mm
mm
0.25
-0.00
0.00
0.25
0.25
50
50
W
P
xp
L
xl
Lh
x
C14
General Parameters
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
(kN/m)
(kN)
(m)
(kN/m)
(m)
(kN/m)
(m)
()
Soil frict
Fill slope ()
Wall frict ()
Conc kN/m3
kN/m3
Soil
fcu
(MPa)
fy
(MPa)
Design Parameters
33
0
15
24
19
25
460
SF Overt.
SF Slip
ULS DL Factor
ULS LL Factor
Pmax
(kPa)
Soil Poisson
DL Factor Ovt.
Seepage not allowed

Active pressure NOT applied on back of shear key for sliding
Theory
: Coulomb
Wall type : Cantilever
SEISMIC ANALYSIS SETTINGS:

Seismic Analysis ON/OFF:OFF
Hor Accel.
(g)
Vert Accel.
(g)
Include LL's
VALUES OF PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS:

Active Pressure coefficient Ka :0.268
Passive Pressure coefficient Kp :5.854
Base frictional constant :0.649
FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT SLS:

All forces/moments are per m
Description
Destabilizing forces:
Total Active pressure Pa
Triangular W-table press Pw
Hydrostatic pressure on bot
of base: uniform portion
of base: triangular portion
As a result of surcharge w
Stabilizing forces:
Passive pressure on base Pp
Weight of the wall + base
Weight of soil on the base
Hydrostatic pressure on top
of rear portion of base
of front portion of base
UDL of 5.0 kPa
width
FORCES (kN ) and their LEVER ARMS (m )
F Horizontal
Lever arm F Vertical
Lever arm
left (+)
down (+)
15.390
14.355
3.240
1.250
-20.022
0.200
EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT SLS

1.Moment Equilibrium
0.833
0.667
width
4.124
0.000
0.000
0.700
0.700
0.850
0.000
1.133
0.868
0.700
23.700
28.575
17.168
0.693
1.098
1.200
0.000
0.225
5.000
1.200
2.5
2.0
1.4
1.6
150
0.1
0.9
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
Sheet
28th Dec 2012
Point of rotation: bottom front corner of base.

For Overturning moment Mo calculate as follows:
Mo = Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) - Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
For Stabilizing moment Mr calculate as follows:
Mr = -Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) + Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
where l.a. = lever arm of each force.
Stabilizing moment Mr :
Destabilizing moment Mo :
78.41 kNm
22.95 kNm
Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 3.416

2.Force Equilibrium at SLS
Sum of Vertical forces Pv
Frictional resistance Pfric
Passive Pressure on shear key
Passive pressure on base
=> Total Horiz. resistance Fr
:
:
:
:
:
79.43
51.59
0.00
20.02
71.61
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw :

Horizontal sliding force on shear key Fht :
=> Total Horizontal sliding force Fh :
32.98 kN
0.00 kN
32.98 kN
Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 2.171
FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT ULS:

Description
width
FORCES (kN ) and their LEVER ARMS (m )
F Horizontal
Lever arm F Vertical
Lever arm
left (+)
down (+)
Destabilizing forces:
Total Active pressure Pa
Triangular W-table press Pw
of base: uniform portion
of base: triangular portion
As a result of surcharge w
Stabilizing forces:
Passive pressure on base Pp
Weight of the wall + base
Weight of soil on the base
of rear portion of base
of front portion of base
UDL of 4.5 kPa
21.546
20.097
0.833
0.667
5.184
1.250
-18.020
0.200
5.773
0.000
0.000
0.700
0.700
0.850
0.000
1.133
1.389
0.700
21.330
25.718
15.451
0.693
1.098
1.200
0.000
0.225
4.500
1.200
EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT ULS

width
1.Moment Equilibrium
Point of rotation: bottom front corner of base.
For Overturning moment Mo calculate as follows:
Mo = Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) - Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
For Stabilizing moment Mr calculate as follows:
Mr = -Sum(hor. forces x l.a.) + Sum(vert. forces x l.a.)
where l.a. = lever arm of each force.
Stabilizing moment Mr :
Destabilizing moment Mo :
70.57 kNm
32.82 kNm
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 2.150

2.Force Equilibrium at ULS
Sum of Vertical forces Pv
Frictional resistance Pfric
Passive Pressure on shear key
Passive pressure on base
=> Total Horiz. resistance Fr
:
:
:
:
:
71.49
46.43
0.00
18.02
64.45
kN
kN
kN
kN
kN
Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw :

Horizontal sliding force on shear key Fht :
=> Total Horizontal sliding force Fh :
46.83 kN
0.00 kN
46.83 kN
Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 1.376
SOIL PRESSURES UNDER BASE AT SLS

Maximum pressure : 71.76 kPa
Minimum pressure : 21.69 kPa
Maximum pressure occurs at left hand side of base
WALL MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

Position from
base top (m )
0.00
0.05
0.09
0.14
0.18
0.23
0.27
0.32
0.36
0.41
0.45
0.50
0.54
0.59
0.63
0.68
0.72
0.77
0.81
0.86
0.90
0.95
0.99
1.04
1.08
1.13
1.17
1.22
1.26
1.31
1.35
1.40
1.44
1.49
1.53
1.58
1.62
1.67
1.71
1.76
1.80
1.85
Moment
(kNm )
25.53
24.29
23.03
21.74
20.46
19.18
17.93
16.72
15.55
14.44
13.38
12.38
11.43
10.54
9.69
8.89
8.14
7.44
6.78
6.16
5.58
5.04
4.54
4.08
3.65
3.26
2.89
2.56
2.26
1.98
1.73
1.50
1.30
1.12
0.95
0.81
0.68
0.57
0.47
0.38
0.30
0.24
Front Reinforcing Back Reinforcing Nominal (0.13%)

(mm/m )
(mm/m )
(mm/m )
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
322.90
307.23
291.20
274.98
258.73
242.61
226.78
211.40
196.62
182.56
169.21
156.56
144.57
133.24
122.54
112.46
102.97
94.05
85.70
77.88
70.58
63.78
57.45
51.59
46.18
41.18
36.59
32.38
28.53
25.03
21.86
18.99
16.41
14.11
12.05
10.22
8.60
7.17
5.92
4.82
3.85
3.02
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
Sheet
28th Dec 2012
Job Number
Job Title
1.89
1.94
1.98
2.03
2.07
2.12
2.16
2.21
2.25
Client
Calcs by
0.18
0.13
0.10
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.30
1.70
1.20
0.80
0.49
0.27
0.11
0.03
0.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
BASE MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

Position from
left (m )
0.00
0.03
0.07
0.10
0.14
0.17
0.20
0.24
0.27
0.31
0.34
0.37
0.41
0.44
0.48
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.61
0.65
0.68
0.71
0.75
0.78
0.82
0.85
0.88
0.92
0.95
0.99
1.02
1.05
1.09
1.12
1.16
1.19
1.22
1.26
1.29
1.33
1.36
1.39
1.43
1.46
1.50
1.53
1.56
1.60
1.63
1.67
1.70
Moment
(kNm )
-0.00
-0.04
-0.17
-0.38
-0.68
-1.07
-1.54
-2.09
-2.73
-3.45
-4.26
-5.16
-6.14
-7.21
-8.36
-9.60
-10.92
-12.33
-12.69
18.64
16.76
15.73
14.73
13.76
12.83
11.93
11.06
10.23
9.43
8.66
7.92
7.22
6.55
5.91
5.30
4.73
4.19
3.68
3.21
2.77
2.36
1.98
1.64
1.33
1.05
0.80
0.59
0.41
0.26
0.15
0.07
Top Reinforcing
(mm/m )
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
198.88
186.26
174.05
162.25
150.87
139.90
129.35
119.21
109.48
100.17
91.27
82.78
74.71
67.05
59.81
52.98
46.56
40.56
34.98
29.80
25.04
20.70
16.76
13.25
10.14
7.45
5.17
3.31
1.86
0.83
Bot Reinforcing
(mm/m )
0.00
0.54
2.16
4.85
8.63
13.48
19.42
26.43
34.52
43.69
53.93
65.26
77.66
91.15
105.71
121.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
SHEAR CHECK AT WALL-BASE JUNCTION TO BS8110 - 1997
Nominal (0.13%)
(mm/m )
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
325.00
Sheet
28th Dec 2012
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
Shear force at bottom of wall V = 42.1 kN

Shear stress at bottom of wall v = 0.22 MPa OK
Allowable shear stress vc = 0.41 MPa (based on Wall tensile reinf.)
Sketch of Wall
Design code: BS8110 - 1997
5.00
0.25
15.00
0.25
0.60
2.00
2.50
0.00
0.45 0.25
33.00
1.00
21.7kPa
71.8kPa
Wall type: Cantilever
Theory: Coulomb
SFslip = 2.17
SFslip (ULS) = 1.38
SFovt = 3.42
SFovt (ULS) = 2.15
Ka=0.27
Kp=5.85
=0.65
V= 42.1kN
v= 0.22MPa
vc= 0.41MPa
Sheet
28th Dec 2012
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
Sheet

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
28th Dec 2012
Wall Bending Moments
Moment max = 25.53kNm @ -.250m
Wall Moments
2.20
2.00
1.80
1.60
Height (m)
1.40
1.20
1.00
.800
.600
140
120
100
80.0
60.0
20.0
0.00
40.0
.400
.200
Bending moment (kNm)
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00
-8.00
-10.0
-12.0
Position (m)
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.00
.900
.800
.700
.600
Moment max = 18.64kNm @ .578m
.500
.400
.300
.200
Base Moments
.100
Bending moment (kNm)
Base Bending Moments
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
Job Number

Sheet

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
Job Title
Client
Calcs by
28th Dec 2012
Wall Reinforcement
Reinf. max = 325.0mm/m @ 2.25m
Wall Reinforcement
2.20
2.00
Nominal
1.80
1.60
Height (m)
1.40
1.20
Back
1.00
.800
.600
Front
.400
300
250
200
150
100
50.0
.200
Reinforcement (mm/m)
Base Reinforcement
Base Reinforcement
Reinf. max = 198.9mm/m @ .667m
320
Nominal
300
280
260
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80.0
Position (m)
1.70
1.60
1.50
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.00
.900
.800
.700
.600
.500
Bottom
.300
.200
20.0
.400
Top
40.0
.100
Reinforcement (mm/m)
240
60.0
Job Number
Job Title
Client
Calcs by

Semi Detached House
Chin Bros
Checked by
Date
SRI
SRI
Schematic Reinforcement
Y10@200 (Hor)
Y10@200 (Hor)
Y10@200 (NF)
Y10@200 (FF)
1-R10/m2 clips
1-R10/m2 clips
Y10@200 starters
FRONT
Y10@175 starters
Y10@200 (T1)
Y10@200 (B1)
Y10@200 (T2)
Y10@200 (B2)
SECTION
Sheet
28th Dec 2012

RET-WALL 2.5 M High

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RET-WALL 2.5 M High

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Job Number

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

28th Dec 2012

Retaining Wall Design : Ver W2.5.07 - 24 Aug 2011

Unfactored Live Loads

Seepage not allowed

SEISMIC ANALYSIS SETTINGS:

VALUES OF PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS:

FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT SLS:

EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT SLS

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

28th Dec 2012

Point of rotation: bottom front corner of base.

Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 3.416

Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw :

Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 2.171

FORCES ACTING ON THE WALL AT ULS:

EQUILIBRIUM CALCULATIONS AT ULS

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

Safety factor against overturning = Mr/Mo = 2.150

Horizontal sliding force on wall Fhw :

Safety factor against overall sliding = Fr/Fh = 1.376

SOIL PRESSURES UNDER BASE AT SLS

WALL MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

Front Reinforcing Back Reinforcing Nominal (0.13%)

28th Dec 2012

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

BASE MOMENTS (ULS) AND REINFORCEMENT TO BS8110 - 1997

SHEAR CHECK AT WALL-BASE JUNCTION TO BS8110 - 1997

28th Dec 2012

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

Shear force at bottom of wall V = 42.1 kN

Design code: BS8110 - 1997

28th Dec 2012

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

28th Dec 2012

Wall Bending Moments

Moment max = 25.53kNm @ -.250m

Bending moment (kNm)

Moment max = 18.64kNm @ .578m

Bending moment (kNm)

Base Bending Moments

Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

28th Dec 2012

Reinf. max = 325.0mm/m @ 2.25m

Reinf. max = 198.9mm/m @ .667m

SRI & SRI's ASSOCIATES SDN.BHD. - CHIN BROS

28th Dec 2012

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