GAS ABSORPTION

PRINCIPLES
ABSORPTION COLUMN MODELS
TRAY-TYPE PLATE COLUMNS
COUNTERCURRENT
CONTACTING OF GAS AND
LIQUID
CONTACTING OCCURS IN
LIQUID ON TRAYS
LIQUID FLOWS PARALLEL TO THE
TRAY
GAS FLOWS PERPENDICULAR TO
THE TRAY
GENERAL CONFIGURATION
PERFORATED
TRAY
OVERFLOW WEIR
LIQUID FLOW
TRAY DESIGNS
SIEVE TRAY
BUBBLE CAPS
VALVE TRAYS

http://www.rauschertus.com/process_technologies/b
ubblecaptrays.html
http://www.koch-
glitsch.com/koch/products/flexitray_trays.asp
http://www.jaeger.com/internals-
HDbubblecaptrays.htm
PACKED COLUMN DESIGNS
COUNTERCURRENT GAS AND LIQUID
CONTACTING LIQUID/GAS INTERFACE ON
PACKING
LIQUID FLOWS OVER THE SURFACE OF
THE PACKING WITH A GENERAL
DOWNWARD DIRECTION
GAS FLOWS THROUGH INTERSTICES IN
THE PACKING WITH A GENERAL UPWARD
DIRECTION
PACKING TYPES
RANDOM
STRUCTURED

http://dtirp.dtra.mil/products/CWC/132p-12.jpg
RANDOM PACKING
INSTALLED IN SECTIONS
DISTRIBUTION PLATE IS
BETWEEN SECTIONS
RELATIVE FLOWS DETERMINE
HYDRDYNAMICS
LIMITING CASES
FLOODING
WEEPING

LIQUID IN
GAS OUT
PACKED
SECTION
DISTRIBUTION
PLATE
RANDOM PACKING DESIGNS
SHAPES
RINGS
SADDLES
OTHERS
MATERIALS
METAL
CERAMIC
PLASTIC
http://www.koch-glitsch.com/koch/products/plastic_random_packing.asp
RANDOM PACKING DESIGNATIONS
NOMINAL DIAMETERS
VOID FRACTION
BULK WEIGHT
http://www.koch-glitsch.com/koch/products/flexiring.asp
http://www.wisconsinstamping.com/images/raschig.jpg
https://fscimage.fishersci.com/ecat/F_Num
bers/F70000_F79999/F73000_F73999/F73
800_F73899/F738-01~wn.jpg
STRUCTURED PACKING
PACKING IS MADE IN SECTIONS AND FILLS
ENTIRE COLUMN DIAMETER
http://www.sulzerchemtech.com/DesktopDefault.aspx/tabid-232/
DESIGNS FOR TRAY COLUMNS
SET UP McCABE THIELE DIAGRAM WITH
OPERATING LINE AND EQUILIBRIUM LINE
DILUTE SYSTEMS
WHEN OPERATING AND EQUILIBRIUM LINES
HAVE CONSTANT SLOPES KREMSER
EQUATIONS APPLY
) 8 6 . 10 (
) 1 ln(
) 1 ( ln
) 7 6 . 10 (
ln
1 ) 1 1 ( ln
1 1
1 2
2 2
2 1

+
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|

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|

+
|
|
.
|

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=
A
A A
m y x
m y x
N
A
A A
mx y
mx y
N
NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS
OPERATING LINE BASED ON INERT FLOWS
EQUATION (10.6-4)

NORMALLY TIED TO ONE SET OF TERMINAL
CONDITIONS
GRAPHICAL FORM OF SOLUTION (McCABE-
THIELE DIAGRAM) PLOTS BOTH LINES
|
|
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|

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|

+
|
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=
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2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
'
1
'
1
'
1
'
y
y
V
x
x
L
y
y
V
x
x
L
NUMBER OF EQUILIBRIUM STAGES
BASED ON INTEGER
STEPS BETWEEN
OPERATING LINE AND
EQUILIBRIUM LINE.
ABSORPTION,
OPERATING LINE LIES
ABOVE THE EQULIBRIUM
LINE
STRIPPING, OPERATING
LINE LIES BELOW THE
EQUILIBRIUM LINE
LIMITING CASES
(L/V)
min
OPERATING LINE WITH TERMINATION ON EQUILIBRIUM
LINE
REQUIRES INFINITE STAGES
(L/V)
min
MAY OCCUR AT FIRST INTERSECTION OF
STRAIGHT LINE FROM TERMINAL POINT WITH
EQUILIBRIUM LINE
(L/V)
des
= (L/V)
min
(MULTIPLE)
DESIGN TERMINAL POINT IS BASED ON MASS BALANCE
FINITE NUMBER OF EQUILIBRIUM STAGES
FOR LESS THAN EQUILIBRIUM STAGES, USE MUPHREE
EFFICIENCY (11.5-2)
1
1
*
+
+

=
n n
n n
M
y y
y y
q
PACKING PRESSURE DROP
CONTACTING EFFICIENCY IN ABSORBER
SURFACE AREA/UNIT VOLUME
HYDRODYNAMICS
SURFACE AREA
TABLE 10.6-1 FOR A RANGE OF PACKING
TABLE 14.7b IN PERRYS
LIMITING CONDITIONS
LOW FLUXES CHANNELING OR WEEPING
HIGH FLUXES FLOODING
PRESSURE DROP CORRELATIONS
EMPIRICAL DATA
PERRYS FIG. 14-48
THRU 14-59
FIG. 10-6-5 &10.6-6
BASIS IS DRY
FLOW
FLOODING LIMIT
F
P
TABLE 10.6-1

http://www.cheresources.com/acidpacktowerfig3print.shtml
) 1 6 . 10 ( 115 . 0
. . .
7 . 0
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
A
P flood
F
Packing ft
c w in
P
DESIGN FLUXES
DIAMETER OF COLUMN IS BASED ON FLUX CALCULATION
NORMALLY CONTROLLED BY VAPOR FLUX
RECOMMENDED DESIGN VALUES RANGE FROM 65% - 80%
OF FLOODING
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
BEST METHOD
EDGE EFFECTS FOR SMALL TEST COLUMNS
MIST ELIMINATOR
INCLUDED IN MOST DESIGNS
RECOVERS ENTRAINED DROPLETS ABOVE PACKING
MIST ELIMINATORS
TYPES INCLUDE
VANE
CYCLONIC
MESH
ELECTROSTATIC
http://www.acsseparations.com/mmstr.htm
http://www.knitmesh.com/business/separatio
n/mist_eliminators/vanemisteliminators.html
http://www.amistco.com/PRODUCTS/ELIMINATORS/ms
h_vne.html
http://www.bionomicind.com/images/series9000.jpg
http://img.alibaba.com/photo/266357355/Electrostatic_Oil_Mist_Eliminator_for_Kitchen_Exhaust_Ventilation_S
ystem.jpg
MIST ELIMINATOR RANGES
TYPE
DEPENDS ON
PARTICLE
DIAMETER
http://www.knitmesh.com/bu
siness/separation/mist_elimi
nators/separationmechanis
ms.html
CYLCONIC MIST ELIMINATORS
DESIGN BASES
PERRYS 7
th
, P. 26-36
SECTION 14.4F
http://www.epa.gov/eogapti1/m
odule6/matter/control/control.ht
m#esptypes http://www.koch-ottoyork.com/downloads/ProductCatalog.pdf
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS
ESP CAN REMOVE
AEROSOLS OR PARTICULATE
FROM A GAS STREAM

http://www.epa.gov/eogapti1/module6/
matter/control/control.htm#precipit
CAN REMOVE SUBMICRON
PARTICLES