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e›`x wkwei ‡_‡K KL‡bv ‡mR‡b¨ bq| fv‡jv LvI `vI,
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¯^vaxb ‡`‡ki Kwe, Zv‡`i ‡mŠfv‡M¨ fivU Mjvq `xß D”PviY K‡i evievi
Avwg e‡ov Cl©vwš^Z AvR| Z…wß ‡c‡Z PvB| kn‡ii Avbv‡P Kvbv‡P
hLb hv Lywk cÖwZwU iv¯—vq
g‡bi g‡Zv kã Kx mn‡R K‡iv e¨envi Awj‡Z-Mwj‡Z,
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cqv‡i, wekvj A¶‡i|
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KL‡bv-ev| KL‡bv Rvwbwb Av‡M| DuwP‡q e›`yK,
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`…ß fw½gvq gvby‡li Avgv‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i ivL‡Q me©`v|
AZ¨š— wbK‡U hvq, Kyovq Av`i|
A_P Rv‡bbv Iiv ‡KD
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G e›`x-wkwe‡i cvwLi cvj‡K wKsev bvixi `y'‡Pv‡L
gv_v Lyu‡o gi‡jI cvwi bv Ki‡Z D”PviY c‡_i ayjvq
g‡bi gZb kã ‡Kv‡bv| ew¯—i `yiš— ‡Q‡jUvi
g‡bi gZb me KweZv ‡jLvi nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq
AwaKvi Iiv me©`vB ‡`wL R¡‡j ¯^vaxbZv bvgK kãwU|
K‡i‡Q niY|

Ôe›`x wkwei ‡_‡KÕ wk‡ivbv‡g kvgmyi ivngv‡bi (QÙbvg : gRjyg Avw`e) KweZvwU KjKvZvi Ô†`kÕ-G cÖKvwkZ
n‡qwQj 1971 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB|

3
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cÖ_g B›Uvi‡bU ms¯‹iY
XvKv, 12 RyjvB 2008 gyw³hy‡×i wewfbœ Z_¨ Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q i‡q‡Q m¤úv`bv wel‡q
B›Uvi‡b‡Ui gnvmgy‡`ª| evsjvfvlvi me‡P‡q
wKQy ‡jLvi wk‡ivbvg, nVvr ‡Pv‡L cov `y GKwU
RbwcÖq e¬M mvg‡nvq¨viBbe¬‡M gyw³hy‡×i Ici
fyj kã e`‡j ‡`Iqv Avi eY©web¨v‡mi
cÖPyi ‡jLv Av‡Q- hvi ‡ewkifvMB fv‡jv ‡jLv|
cÖ‡qvR‡b mvgvb¨ m¤úv`bv Qvov ‡jL‡Ki g~j
m¤úv`K, cÖKvkK I wkí wb‡`©kK GB ‡jLv¸‡jv‡K Avgiv GK gjv‡Ui ‡fZ‡i
‡jLv‡K AweK…Z ivLvi ‡Póv KiwQ Avgiv|
wb‡q Avmvi GKUv ZvwM` Abyfe K‡iwQ
†jvKvjUK Ab¨w`K †_‡K Avevi m¤úv`bvi me‡P‡q e‡ov
Avgiv| B-msKjb cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM g~jZ G
Mj`I GwU| Awfbœ evbvbixwZ AbymiY KivI
cÖ”Q‡`i mPjwPÎ Kvi‡YB|
m¤¢e nqwb| Z‡e ‡jLK bq, Avgiv welqe¯‘‡K
gyw³hy‡× m¤§yL mg‡i †Mwijv‡`i GKwU jovB‡qi cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z †P‡qwQ| †mfv‡eB mvRv‡bvi †Póv
wfwWIwPÎ j¶¨ wQj, AvMv‡Mvov cÖvgvY¨ _vKv| ZviciI
K‡iwQ msKj‡bi c„ôv¸‡jv| ‡`‡ki cvVK‡`i
cviv hvqwb †klch©š—| Av‡eMgw_Z `xN©
K_v †f‡e B-msKj‡bi AvKvi wb‡q GKUv
we‡kl K…ZÁZv MíKvwnbxi PvB‡Z wbDBqK© UvBgm ev ˆ`wbK
D‡ØM memgqB wQj| B‡”Q _vK‡jI G w`KUv
evsjvi ‡QvÆ wK¬wcsmUv‡K †ewk ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z
cÖZz¨rcbœgwZZ¡ †f‡e Lye †ewk Qwe ivLv nqwb G msKj‡b|
PvB| A_©nxb Avjv‡ci PvB‡Z ¯^R‡bi gy‡L
†b‡gwmm d‡›Ui AvKviI Lye †ewk e‡ov ivLv nqwb
†kvbv gyw³hy‡×i mwZ¨ NUbv‡K †ewk g~j¨ w`‡Z
c„ôvmsL¨v †e‡o hvIqvi f‡q|
†hvMv‡hvM PvB| g~jZ GKwU we‡kl mgq‡K Avgiv ai‡Z
†P‡qwQ †jLvq-‡iLvq| d‡j gyw³hyׇK Avkªq GUv wVK †h, hv n‡q‡Q Zvi †P‡qI Av‡iv fv‡jv
localtalk@gmail.com
K‡i A‡bK Mí-KweZv e¬‡M cÖKvwkZ n‡jI Zv Kiv m¤¢e wQjÑ m¤úv`bv, A½m¾v, eY©web¨vm
†bIqv m¤¢e nqwb| hw`I e¬M †_‡K cvIqv Avi cÖhyw³MZ w`K †_‡K| whwb cwiKíbv
†jLv¸‡jv we‡k¬lY K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q, †gŠwjK K‡i‡Qb, wZwbB Avevi Bjv‡÷ªU‡i KvR
‘Phire Dekha 71’, Edited & Published by KvR wKsev M‡elYv LyeB Kg| ej‡Z wØav †bB, K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡KB Avevi UzKUvK m¤úv`bv
LocalTalk, First Internet Edition Published G LyeB nZvkvi! Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q eY©web¨v‡mi cÖ‡qvR‡b,
on 12 July 2008

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wb‡`©kbv
A¨v‡Kªv‡eU wiWvi 6 ev Zvi Ic‡ii
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hv‡e| dw·U wKsev mygvÎv e¨envi K‡iI
GB B-eyK †`Lv hv‡e| gvB‡KªvmdU
DB‡Ûv‡Ri 98, G·wc, 2000 I wf¯—vq
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Kiv n‡”Q- evsjvi Rb¨ myZš^x Gg‡R
Ges Bs‡iwRi Rb¨ Gwiqvj| d›U `ywU B-
ey‡Ki m‡½ Gg‡e‡WW _vK‡e| ZviciI
hw` ‡`L‡Z mgm¨v nq, Zvn‡j B-ey‡Ki
m‡½ GKB c¨v‡K‡R ‡`Iqv myZš^x Gg‡R
d›UwU Bb÷j K‡i ‡bIqv hv‡e|
Avi cÖ”Q‡` e¨eüZ mPjwPÎ ‡`Lvi Rb¨
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‡_‡K|
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cÖPyi| BDwb‡Kv‡W eY©web¨vm fv‡jvfv‡e Kiv
hvq bv| cÖavb cÖavb ‡W¯‹Uc cvewjwks
mdUIq¨vi¸‡jv BDwb‡KvW mg_©b K‡i bv|
GWwe d‡Uvkc, Bjv‡÷ÖUi, ‡KvqvK© G·‡cÖ‡mi
g‡Zv cÖ‡qvRbxq mdUIq¨vi¸‡jvI BDwb‡KvW
mg_©b K‡i bv| G Kvi‡Y cÖPwjZ evsjvq KvR
Kiv Qvov Dcvq ‡bB| Zv‡Z RvqMvi mvkÖq
nq| Kg RvqMvq A‡bK ‡U·U ‡XvKv‡bv hvq|
cÖPwjZ evsjvI Avevi mgm¨vgy³ bq, we‡kl
K‡i wcwWGd Kivi ‡¶‡Î| weGb I‡qe Uyjm
e¨envi K‡i ‡ekwKQy ‡U·U cÖPwjZ evsjvq
KbfvU© K‡i wKQy mgm¨v ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q|
¯^qswKªqfv‡e ‡U·‡Ui ‡ek wKQy kã e`‡j
hvq| ‡hgb "¶" A¶i WKy‡g›U ‡_‡K DavI
n‡q hvq| '‡id' n‡q hvq h'djv| A‡bK
hy³v¶iI AcvV¨ A¶‡i iƒc ‡bq| wekvj
WKy‡g›U ‡_‡K GiKg ÎywU Lyu‡R ‡ei Kiv LyeB
Kómva¨| ZviciI h‡ZvUv m¤¢e mgm¨v
mgvav‡bi ‡Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avevi †jLv
wcwWG‡d KbfvU© Kivi mgq †Kv‡bv kãB
†evì wKsev BUvwjK ni‡d _v‡Kwb| myZš^x
Gg‡R d‡›Ui KwcivBURwbZ mgm¨v GwU|
Kx †Kb wKfv‡e
GB B-msKjbwU webvg~‡j¨ weZiY Kiv hv‡e|
Z‡e †Kv‡bvKª‡gB GwU wewKª Kiv hv‡e bv|
cÖKvwkZ me †jLvi ¯^Ë¡ †jLKiv msi¶Y
cÖ”Q` | m~wPcÎ
K‡ib| Avi GB B-msKj‡bi m‡½
mvg‡nvq¨viBb KZ…©c¶ †Kv‡bvfv‡eB RwoZ
bb| B-ey‡K jvBf wjsK ivLv n‡q‡Q| Gi
d‡j B-eyK †_‡KB mivmwi mswk¬ó I‡qe‡c‡R
hvIqv hv‡e| m~wPcÎ, e¬Mv‡ii bvg I A‡bK
†jLvi †fZ‡i †fZ‡i nvBcviwjsK hy³ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| d‡j †hgb m~wPc‡Î wK¬K K‡iB
mivmwi wbw`©ó †jLvq hvIqv hv‡e|
K…ZÁZv
cÖZz¨rcbœgwZ‡Z¡i Avov‡j UzUzj bv‡gi †h
Zi“YwU wb‡R D‡`¨vMx n‡q †cv÷ w`‡q, cÖ¯—
vweZ ZvwjKvi cÖvq A‡a©K †jL‡Ki AbygwZ
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D‡`¨vMwU‡K, Zv‡K we‡klfv‡e ab¨ev`
Rvbvw”Q| cÖ‡qvR‡bi gyn~‡Z© cvIqv †M‡Q
†b‡gwm‡mi mnvqZv| Zvi cÖwZ K…ZÁZv|
e¬Mvi‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡iv hviv bvbvfv‡e mnvqZv
K‡i‡Qb, G D‡`¨v‡Mi cÖwZ mg_©b Rvwb‡q‡Qb,
Zv‡`i mevB‡K ab¨ev`|
Avkv-cÖZ¨vkv
gyw³hy× KwcivB‡Ui †kK‡j ew›` _vK‡Z cv‡i
bv| †jLK‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi mwebq Aby‡iva-
evsjv DBwKwcwWqv, evsjv‡`k71 WU AM©mn
I‡q‡ei fye‡b Avcbv‡`i †jLv¸‡jv Qwo‡q
w`b| gyw³hy× wel‡q Av‡iv †jLv‡jwL †nvK,
M‡elYv †nvK Ges we‡kl K‡i gyw³hy‡×i
AÂjwfwËK BwZnvm cÖYq‡b Avmyb Avgiv
AwaKZi g‡bv‡hvMx nB| Avi GB B-msKjb
GKUv m~PbvgvÎ| AvMvgx Ab¨ e¬Mviiv Av‡iv
PgrKvifv‡e G KvRwU GwM‡q †b‡eb
avivevwnKfv‡e- G cÖZ¨vkv iB‡jv|
5
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ü`‡q evsjv‡`k
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ
gyw³hy‡×i mvZ exi‡kªô
gyw³hy‡×i gnvbvqK
c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv
exi DËg
exi weKªg
exi cÖZxK
we‡kl iPbv
MYnZ¨v/ g~j : A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm
wd‡i †`Lv BwZnvm : cvwK¯—vb †_‡K evsjv‡`k
‡KBm ÷vwW : ‡R‡bvmvBW Bb evsjv‡`k
hy×Kvjxb †ivRbvgPv : hv‡`i i‡³ gy³ G †`k
evOvwji †k¬vMvbgvjv : 1953 †_‡K 1971
iYv½‡b m~h© ‰mwbK
gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ ‡gvnv¤§` AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx
gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g knx`
wfb‡`kx gvbyl, Avgv‡`i exicÖZxK
weòywcÖqv gwYcyix †hv×v knx` wMix›`Ö wmsn
†emvgwiK gyw³‡hv×v : ¯^xK…wZnxb GK Aa¨vq
Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb wKwjs
1971 UÖv‡RwW : gyw³hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i HwZnvwmK `wjj
‡m±i KgvÛvi ‡gRi Rwj‡ji ‡jLvq Lyjbvi AvZ¥mgc©Y
18 wW‡m¤^i '71 : GKwU Qwei Mí
cuwP‡ki Av‡M I c‡i
3 gvP© 1971 : cë‡b QvÎmsMÖvg cwil‡`i ‡NvlYv
e½eÜz ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö Ges evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv
‡mB Kv‡jviv‡Z B_v‡i Lybxiv hv e‡jwQ‡jv....
‡Mwijv g¨vby‡qj (1971) : †gRi GgG gÄyi
ivRvKvi-Avje`i‡`i cÖwZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wjd‡jU
GKvˇii `ytmn ¯§„wZ
ea¨f~wgi AwfÁZv
cÖZ¨¶`kx©i mv¶vrKvi :
‡iev ivYx ivq . Zvivevb ‡eIqv . Zyb`yib ‡eIqv
7 gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvlYwU ‡hfv‡e ‡iwWI‡Z cÖPvi n‡jv...
mvZB gv‡P©i fvlY cÖPv‡ii †bc‡_¨ : kã‰mwb‡Ki ¯§„wZPviY
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
e½eÜyi mv¶vrKvi : RvZxq cZvKv I m½xZ
hy× ‡kl Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb AvRg Lvb!
¯^vaxbZv hy× : `wjjcÎ
¯^vaxbZv c~e©vci ¸i“Z¡c~Y© NUbvi `wjjmg~n
c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii ‡Mvcb `wjj : wbRvgx gyRvwn` Zrci
gywRebMi miKvi, ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvc‡Îi g~j `wjj Ges
gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK
6
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bvixi hy× : hy‡×i bvixiv
exfrm ‡hŠb wbh©vZb, wKš‘ Gwo‡q ‡M‡Qb mevB
GKvˇii MYnZ¨v I bvix wbh©vZb :
K‡qKRb mv¶xi eqvb
hy‡×i mv¶x nIqvi m¤§vb KRb cvq : ‡di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx
‡iv‡kbviv : gyw³hy‡×i GK wg_
hy× wkï '71 : gv`vi ‡Z‡imv
†mBme gv Rbbx‡K Avgv‡`i cÖYvg
MYgva¨‡g gyw³hy×
GKvˇi UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi wZbwU Av‡jvwPZ cÖwZ‡e`b
we‡`kx msev`c‡Îi wZbwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖwZ‡e`b
we‡`kx cwÎKvi wi‡cv‡U© GKvˇii b„ksmZv
gyw³hy× : B_v‡i-gq`v‡b
PigcÎ : B_v‡i GK Ab¨ gyw³hy×
`yB KÉex‡ii Mí
¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j : Ab¨iKg GK`j gyw³‡hv×v
KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k
jvj meyR cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkv-cÖ‡YZv
cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkvwe` wb‡q wKQz weåvwš—
wewewm evRvi : gyw³hy‡×i ARvbv Kvwnbx
G wUÖweDU Uy wK‡kvi cv‡iL
gyw³hy‡×i †kvbv NUbv
gv‡qi gy‡L gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ
Avgv‡`i Uwg Avi ‡ki Avjxi Mí
GKwU wbwe©Kvi b…ksmZvi Mí
evevi gy‡L †kvbv gyw³hy×
GKwU mvaviY NUbv, hv GKwU cwiev‡ii Rb¨B ïay AmvaviY
fyuBqv evwoi ‡`vZjvq Av‡bvqv‡ii †kl w`bwU
'71 Gi eywo : mvaviY wKQy gvby‡li Mí
GKvˇii NUbv : GK Sywo KvgivOv...
GK ivwÎi Mí
jvk wN‡i kKy‡bi weK…Z Dj¬vm
GKRb gyw³‡hv×v evev I Zvui mš—vb
evevi ‡Lvu‡R
evevi Kuv‡a eÜzi jvk
Rwibv cvMjxi Mí
Ôexi gyw³‡hv×vi mš—vbÕ
hy×vciv‡ai wePvi
`vjvj AvBb I ivRvKvi‡`i ¶gv : e½eÜyi K÷wj fyj
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi I hyw³ : wkïi mv‡_ AvjvcPvwiZv
wmgjv Pyw³‡Z hy×vciva †_‡K gyw³i K_v †bB
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Ges cÖvmw½K AvB‡bi we‡k¬lY
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡e bv ‡Kb, n‡e ...
cwðgv gZcÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv Avi hy×vciv‡ai wePviwelqK fvebv
‡h AvB‡b NvZK-`vjvj‡`i GL‡bv wePvi m¤¢e
‡h Kvi‡Y cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡i e¨_© njvg
7
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GKvˇii NvZK-`vjvj weZK©

'71 Gi NvZK-`vjvj : ivRvKvi cwiwPwZ
eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi iƒcKvi Avj-e`i
‡Mvjvg Avhg : GKRb Lybxi cÖwZK…wZ
cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi Av‡¶c dyiv‡e bv!
MYZ`š— Kwgk‡bi wi‡cvU© : hy×vcivax Kvgvi“¾vgvb
PÆMÖvg MYnZ¨vi bvqK gxi Kv‡kg Avjx
gyw³hy‡×i AvÂwjK BwZnvm
†eMgMÄ Kv‡jv cy‡ji ea¨f~wg
†Mvcvjcy‡i MYnZ¨v
P›`ªMÄ I †mvbvBgywoi gyw³hy×
kªxcy‡ii MYnZ¨v
kΓ‡mbvi wei“‡× †bvqvLvjxi Pvi hy×
¯§…wZ‡Z ‡bvqvLvjxi gyw³hy×
wÎk j¶ knx` : wg_ bvwK ev¯—eZv?
gyw³hy‡× knx‡`i ev¯—e msL¨v : wKQz cwimsL¨vb
gyw³hy‡×i mvwnZ¨ I Pjw”PÎ
gyw³hy‡×i cÖvgvY¨ eB
gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm, Mí I KweZv msKjb
gyw³hy×wfwËK Pjw”P‡Îi ZvwjKv
gyw³hy‡×i Mvb
Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq
gyw³hy‡×i KweZv
e›`x wkwei †_‡K/ kvgmyi ivngvb

gyw³hy× : bvbv cÖm½

gyw³hy‡×i bvUK
GKRb cvwK¯—vwbi `„wó‡Z GKvˇii gyw³hy×
gvwUi Kvbœv
msL¨v e¬M : Avgv‡`i gyw³hy×
KLbI ¯§…wZ cvnviv ‡`evi mgq Av‡m
Szjš— cÖkœ ‡_‡K AkÖ“cZ‡bi kã ïwb ZvwjKv
GKvˇi gnvb Avj¬vn wK cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c‡¶ wQ‡jb bv? B-msKj‡bi †jLK-ZvwjKv

m¤úv`Kxq
I‡qejM †_‡K †bIqv...

8
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evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ

evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ cÖevmx evsjv‡`k miKvi
KZ©…K 1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj 17 Zvwi‡L AvbyôvwbKfv‡e
‡NvwlZ GKwU ‡NvlYvcÎ| hZw`b evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy×
P‡j‡Q ZZw`b gywRebMi miKvi cwiPvjbvi Aš—eZ©xKvjxb
msweavb wn‡m‡e GB ‡NvlYvcÎ Kvh©Ki wQj| 1971 mv‡ji
16 wW‡m¤^i ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥ nIqvi ciI GB
‡NvlYvcÎ msweavb wn‡m‡e Kvh©Ki wQj| 1972 mv‡ji
wW‡m¤^i 16 Zvwi‡L hLb ‡`‡ki bZyb msweavb cÖYxZ nq
ZLb msweavb wn‡m‡e Gi Kvh©KvwiZvi mgvwß N‡U|

BwZnvm

1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© iv‡Z cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK evwnbx XvKv

Ges ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Ab¨vb¨ As‡k AvKªgY Pvwj‡q
e¨vcK MYnZ¨v Pvjvq| GB MYnZ¨vi cÖv°v‡j ZrKvjxb
AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZ…e…›`, MYcwil` I cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`i
m`m¨MY wbivcËvi Rb¨ mxgvš— AwZKªg K‡i fvi‡Z wM‡q
AvkÖq ‡bb| 30 gv‡P©i g‡a¨B Zv‡`i A‡b‡K KjKvZvq
mg‡eZ nb| cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`i ‡hmKj m`m¨ 10 GwcÖ‡ji
g‡a¨ KjKvZvq wgwjZ n‡Z mg_© nb Zviv Zviv Hw`bB
GKwU cÖevmx AvBb cwil` MVb K‡i ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Îi
Lmov cÖYqb K‡ib| GwcÖj 17 Zvwi‡L ‡g‡nicyi ‡Rjvi
mxgvš—eZ©x ¯’vb ‰e`¨bv_Zjvq (cieZ©x bvg gywRebMi) GK AskMÖnYKvix mK‡ji g‡a¨ ‡PBb Ad KgvÛ ¯’vc‡bi wb‡`©k Rvbyqvwi ch©š— evsjv‡`‡k Aeva wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g kvmbZš¿
Abvo¤^i Abyôv‡b MYcwil‡`i m`m¨ Gg BDmyd Avjx ‡`qv nq| iPbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖwZwbwa wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡qwQj; Ges
AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ cvV K‡ib| GB ‡h‡nZy GB wbe©vP‡b evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY 169wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨
‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g beMwVZ cÖevmx AvBb cwil` evsjv‡`‡ki ‡NvlYvc‡Îi c~Y© weeiY AvIqvgx jxM `jxq 167 Rb cÖwZwbwa wbe©vwPZ K‡iwQj;
¯^vaxbZv I mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ‡NvlYv K‡i| Gw`bB 26 gv‡P©i Ges
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e Aby‡gv`b ‡`qv nq Ges gywRebMi, evsjv‡`k ‡h‡nZy ‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lvb 1971 m‡bi 3iv gvP© Zvwi‡L
GKB mv‡_ 26 gvP© ‡_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv Kvh©Ki ZvwiL: 10 GwcÖj 1971 kvmbZš¿ iPbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i Awa‡ekb
n‡q‡Q e‡j ‡NvlYv Kiv nq| Gi d‡j cÖevmx gywRebMi AvnŸvb K‡ib; Ges
miKviI ‰ea e‡j ¯^xK…Z nq| G ‡NvlYvq gyw³hy‡× ‡h‡nZy 1970 mv‡ji 7 wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K 1971 mv‡ji 17 ‡h‡nZy wZwb Avn~Z GB Awa‡ekb ‡¯^”Qvi Ges ‡eAvBbxfv‡e

9
m~wPcÎ |
Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ eÜ ‡NvlYv K‡ib; Ges
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb KZ©…c¶ Zv‡`i cÖwZkÖ“wZ cvjb Kivi
cwie‡Z© evsjv‡`‡ki RbcÖwZwbwa‡`i m‡½ cvi®úwiK
Av‡jvPbvKv‡j b¨vqbxwZ ewnf©~Z Ges wek¦vmNvZKZvg~jK hy×
‡NvlYv K‡ib; Ges
‡h‡nZy Dwj¬wLZ wek¦vmNvZKZvg~jK Kv‡Ri Rb¨ D™¢~Z
cwiw¯’wZi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU gvby‡li
Awemsevw`Z ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingvb RbM‡Yi
AvZ¥wbqš¿YvwaKvi AR©‡bi AvBbvbyM AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨
1971 mv‡ji 26‡k gvP© XvKvq h_vh_fv‡e ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv
K‡ib, Ges evsjv‡`‡ki AL Zv I gh©v`v i¶vi Rb¨
evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi cÖwZ D`vË AvnŸvb Rvbvb; Ges
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb KZ©…c¶ ee©i I b…ksm hy× cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Q
Ges GLbI evsjv‡`‡ki ‡emvgwiK I wbi¯¿ RbM‡Yi wei“‡×
bwRiwenxb MYnZ¨v I wbh©vZb Pvjv‡”Q; Ges
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb miKvi Ab¨vq hy× I MYnZ¨v Ges bvbvwea
b…ksm AZ¨vPvi cwiPvjbvi Øviv evsjv‡`‡ki MYcÖwZwbwa‡`i
c‡¶ GKwÎZ n‡q kvmbZš¿ cÖYqb K‡i RbM‡Yi miKvi
cÖwZôv Kiv Am¤¢e K‡i Zy‡j‡Q; Ges
‡h‡nZy evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY Zv‡`i exiZ¡, mvnwmKZv I wec¬ex
Kvh©Kª‡gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki Dci Zv‡`i Kvh©Kwi KZ©…Z¡
cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q;
mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY wbe©vwPZ
cÖwZwbwa‡`i cÖwZ ‡h g¨v‡ÛU w`‡q‡Qb ‡m g¨v‡ÛU ‡gvZv‡eK
Avgiv, wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaiv, Avgv‡`i mgev‡q MYcwil` MVb
K‡i cvi®úwiK Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki
RbM‡Yi Rb¨ mvg¨, gvbweK gh©v`v I mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi
cÖwZôv Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU mve©‡fŠg MYcÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv KiwQ Ges
Gi Øviv c~e©v‡ý e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZv
‡NvlYv Aby‡gv`b KiwQ; Ges
GZØviv Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h kvmbZš¿
cÖYxZ bv nIqv ch©š— e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb cÖRvZ‡š¿i
ivóÖcÖavb Ges ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg Dc-ivóÖcÖavb c‡`
AwawôZ _vK‡eb; Ges
ivóÖcÖavb cÖRvZ‡š¿i mk¯¿ evwnbxmg~‡ni me©vwabvqK c‡`
AwawôZ _vK‡eb; ¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi ¶gZvmn me©cÖKvi
cÖkvmwbK I AvBb cÖYq‡bi ¶gZvi AwaKvix _vK‡eb; Ges
Zvui Ki avh© I A_©e¨‡qi ¶gZv _vK‡e; Ges
evsjv‡`‡ki Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ AvBbvbyM I wbqgZvwš¿K
miKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj ¶gZviI wZwb
AwaKvix n‡eb|
evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY Øviv wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Avgiv
AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, ‡Kvb Kvi‡Y hw` ivóÖcÖavb bv
_v‡Kb A_ev hw` ivóÖcÖavb Kv‡R ‡hvM`vb Ki‡Z bv cv‡ib
A_ev Zvui `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b hw` A¶g nb, Z‡e
ivóÖcÖavb cÖ`Ë mKj `vwqZ¡ Dc-ivóÖcÖavb cvjb Ki‡eb|
Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, we‡k¦i GKwU RvwZ
wnmv‡e Ges RvwZms‡Ni mb` ‡gvZv‡eK Avgv‡`i Dci ‡h
`vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ e‡Z©‡Q Zv h_vh_fv‡e Avgiv cvjb Kie|
Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i GB
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv 1971 m‡bi 26‡k gvP© ‡_‡K Kvh©Ki e‡j
MY¨ n‡e| Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i
GB wm×vš— Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv Aa¨vcK Gg. BDmyd
Avjx‡K h_vh_fv‡e ivóÖcÖavb I Dc-ivóÖcÖav‡bi kc_ MÖnY
Abyôvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y I wbhy³ Kijvg|
¯^v¶i: Aa¨vcK Gg. BDmyd Avjx
evsjv‡`k MYcwil‡`i ¶gZv Øviv
Ges ¶gZve‡j h_vwewa me©vwaK ¶gZvwaKvix|
AvB‡bi avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k 1971
evsjv‡`‡ki A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg ¯^vaxbZvi
‡NvlYvc‡Î cÖ`Ë ¶gZve‡j GKwU w`‡b AvB‡bi
avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k bv‡g GKwU Av‡`k Rvwi
K‡ib| ‡NvlYvc‡Îi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ ‡i‡L 1971 mv‡ji 25
gvP© ch©š— evsjv‡`‡k ‡h mKj AvBb Pvjy wQj, Zv i¶v‡_©
GB Av‡`k ejer Kiv nq|
c~Y© weeiY
AvB‡bi avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k 1971
gywRebMi, evsjv‡`k, 10 GwcÖj 1971, kwbevi 12
‰PÎ 1377
Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki Dc-ivóÖcwZ Ges A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ ‰mq`
bRi“j Bmjvg, ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvcÎ cÖ`Ë ¶gZve‡j 1971
mv‡ji 10 GwcÖj Zvwi‡L G Av‡`k Rvwi KiwQ ‡h, 1971
mv‡ji 25 gvP© ch©š— evsjv‡`‡k ‡h mKj AvBb Pvjy wQj, Zv
‡NvlYvc‡Îi m‡½ mvgÄm¨ ‡i‡L GKBfv‡e Pvjy _vK‡e, Z‡e
cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabx mve©‡fŠg ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k MV‡bi Rb¨
Kiv hv‡e| GB ivóÖ MVb evsjv‡`‡ki Rbmvavi‡Yi B”Qvq
n‡q‡Q| G¶‡Y, mKj miKvwi, mvgwiK, ‡emvgwiK, wePvi
wefvMxq Ges K~U‰bwZK Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix hviv evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZ AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, Zviv GZw`b ch©š—
wb‡qvMwewai AvIZvq ‡h k‡Z© Kv‡R envj wQ‡jb, ‡mB GKB
k‡Z© Zviv PvKywi‡Z envj _vK‡eb| evsjv‡`‡ki mxgvbvq
Aew¯’Z mKj ‡Rjv RR Ges ‡Rjv g¨vwR‡÷ÖU Ges mKj
K~U‰bwZK cÖwZwbwa hviv Ab¨Î Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb, Zviv mKj
miKvwi Kg©Pvix‡K ¯^ ¯^ GjvKvq AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ MÖn‡Yi
e¨e¯’v Ki‡eb|
GB Av‡`k 1971 mv‡ji 26‡k gvP© ‡_‡K Kvh©Ki Kiv
n‡q‡Q e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
¯^v¶i:- ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg
A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ
Z_¨m~Î
1. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy×: `wjjcÎ, Z…Zxq LÛ, MYcÖRvZš¿x
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq, XvKv, 1982, c…ôv 4-7
2. evsjvwcwWqv wbeÜ: ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ| ‡jLK: mvRvnvb wgqv
evsjv DBwKwcwWqv n‡Z wRGdwWGj Gi Aax‡b cÖ`Ë| ivwMe
nvmv‡bi †cv÷ †_‡K msM„nxZ|
10
m~wPcÎ |
GKvˇii gyw³hy‡× Acwimxg
exiZ¡ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ 7 Rb knx`
gyw³‡hv×v‡K evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P
exi‡Z¡i ‡LZve - exi ‡kÖô
Dcvwa cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
Rxebx wbeÜmg~n evsjv DBwKwcwWqvi
Kg©xiv wewfbœ Z_¨m~Î ‡Nu‡U msKjb
K‡i‡Qb| ivwMe nvmv‡bi †cv÷|
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
d¬vBU ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb
exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingvb (29
A‡±vei 1941 - 20 AvM÷
1971) evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
hy‡× wbnZ nb| evsjv‡`‡ki
gnvb gyw³hy‡× Pig
mvnwmKZv Avi exi‡Z¡i
¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc ‡h mvZRb
exi‡K m‡e©v”P m¤§vb exi‡kÖô
‡LZv‡e f~wlZ Kiv nq d¬vBU
‡jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg|
Rxebx
gwZDi 1941 mv‡ji 29‡k A‡±vei cyivb XvKvi 109 AvMv
mv‡`K ‡iv‡Wi ‰cwÎK evwo Ô‡gveviK jRÕ-G Rb¥MÖnY
K‡ib| 9 fvB I 2 ‡ev‡bi g‡a¨ gwZDi 6ô| Zvui evev
‡gŠjfx Ave`ym mvgv`, gv ‰mq`v ‡gveviKy‡bœmv LvZyb|
XvKv K‡jwR‡qU ¯‹yj ‡_‡K lô ‡kÖYx cvm Kivi ci
mvi‡Mv`vq cvwK¯—vb wegvb evwnbx cvewjK ¯‹y‡j fwZ© nb|
wWw÷sKmn ‡gwUÖK cix¶vq mvd‡j¨i mv‡_ cÖ_g wefv‡M
DËxY© nb| 1961 mv‡j wegvbevwnbx‡Z ‡hvM ‡`b| 1963
mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m wimvjcyi wcGGd K‡jR ‡_‡K Kwgkb
jvf K‡ib Ges ‡Rbv‡ij wWDwU cvBjU wnmv‡e wbhy³ nb|
Gici KivwPi ‡gŠixcy‡i ‡RU Kbfvm©b ‡Kvm© mgvwß K‡i
‡c‡kvqv‡i wM‡q ‡RU cvBjU nb| 1965‡Z fviZ-cvwK¯—vb
hy‡×i mgq d¬vBs Awdmvi Ae¯’vq Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| Gici
wgM Kbfvm©b ‡Kv‡m©i Rb¨ cybivq mvi‡Mv`vq hvb| ‡mLv‡b
1967 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB Zvwi‡L GKwU wgM-19 wegvb
Pvjv‡bvi mgq AvKv‡k ‡mUv nVvr weKj n‡q ‡M‡j `¶Zvi
mv‡_ c¨vivmy¨U‡hv‡M gvwU‡Z AeZiY K‡ib| 1967 mv‡j
wZwb d¬vBU ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U c‡` c‡`vbœwZ jvf K‡ib| Biv‡bi
ivbx dvivn w`evi m¤§v‡b ‡c‡kvqv‡i AbywôZ wegvb gnovq
wZwb wQ‡jb GKgvÎ evOvwj cvBjU| wimvjcy‡i `yÕeQi d¬vBs
BÝUÖv±i wnmv‡e KvR Kivi ci 1970 G e`wj n‡q Av‡mb
‡RU d¬vBs BÝUÖv±i n‡q| 1971 Gi ‡deª“qvwi gv‡m XvKvq
QywU‡Z Av‡mb|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
25 gv‡P©i NUbvq wZwb AZ¨š— gg©vnZ nb| c‡i wZwb
‡`ŠjZKvw›`‡Z Rbmfv K‡ib Ges weivU wgwQj wb‡q ‰fie
evRv‡i hvb| cvK-‰mb¨iv ‰fie AvKªgY Ki‡j ‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›U BwcAvi-Gi m‡½ ‡_‡K cÖwZ‡iva ey¨n ‰Zwi
K‡ib| Gi ciB Kg©¯’‡j wd‡i wM‡q Rw½ wegvb `Lj Ges
‡mUv wb‡q gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM`v‡bi wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib| 20B
AvM÷ mKv‡j KivwPi ‡gŠwicyi wegvb NvuwU‡Z ZviB GK
QvÎ ikx` wgbnv‡Ri KvQ ‡_‡K GKwU Rw½ wegvb wQbZvB
K‡ib| wKš‘ wgbnvR G NUbv K‡›UÖvj UvIqv‡i Rvwb‡q w`‡j,
Aci PviwU Rw½ wegvb gwZD‡ii wegvb‡K avIqv K‡i| G
mgq wgbnv‡Ri mv‡_ gwZD‡ii aŸ¯—vaw¯— Pj‡Z _v‡K Ges
GK ch©v‡q wgbnvR B‡R± myBP Pvc‡j gwZDi wegvb ‡_‡K
wQU‡K c‡ob Ges wegvb DÇq‡bi D”PZv Kg _vKvq
iv‡k`mn wegvbwU fviZxq mxgvš— ‡_‡K gvÎ 35 gvBj `~‡i
_vÆv GjvKvq weaŸ¯— nq| gwZD‡ii mv‡_ c¨vivmyU bv
_vKv‡Z wZwb wbnZ nb| Zvui g…Z‡`n NUbv¯’j n‡Z cÖvq
Ava gvBj `~‡i cvIqv hvq| iwk` wgbnvR‡K cvwK¯—vb
miKvi m¤§vbm~PK ‡LZve `vb Ges gwZDi‡K KivwPi
gvmi“i ‡e‡mi PZy_© ‡kÖYxi Kei¯’v‡b mgvwnZ Kiv nq|
exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingv‡bi ¯¿x wgwj ingvb gyw³hy×
PjvKvjxb, d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb knx` nevi
mgq cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b wQ‡jb| cvwK¯—vwbiv Zvu‡K GK
AÜKvi K‡¶ Zvui wkï ev”Pv I Kv‡Ri cwiPvwiKvmn
`xN©w`b e›`x K‡i iv‡L I AZ¨vPvi K‡i| gyw³ cvevi ci
wZwb evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i G‡m gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv cÖKvk
K‡ib| 2006 mv‡ji 23 Ryb gwZDi ingv‡bi ‡`nve‡kl
cvwK¯—vb †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k wdwi‡q Avbv nq| Zvu‡K c~Y©
gh©v`vq 25 Ryb knx` eyw×Rxex ‡Mvi¯’v‡b cybivq `vdb Kiv
nq|
11
m~wPcÎ |
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
wmcvnx ‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb
‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb (‡deÖyqvwi 2, 1953- A‡±vei 28, 1971)
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v|
hy‡× Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
wZwb cvnvwo Lv‡ji gvÎ 18 eQi eq‡m knx` nIqv nvwg`yi ingvb mvZ Rb exi ‡kÖô
c`KcÖvß knx` gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ me©Kwbô|
ga¨ w`‡q ey‡K ‡nu‡U
‡MÖ‡bW wb‡q AvKªgY msw¶ß Rxebx
‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb 1953 mv‡ji 2 ‡deª“qvwi h‡kv‡ii g‡nkcyi
ïi“ K‡ib| `ywU Dc‡Rjvi ‡Lvi`v Lvwjkcyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 1 Zvui wcZv
AveŸvm Avjx gÛj, gvZv ‡gvmv¤§vr Kvqmy‡bœmv| Lvwjkcyi cÖv_wgK
‡MÖ‡bW mdjfv‡e we`¨vjq Ges cieZ©xKv‡j ¯’vbxq bvBU ¯‹y‡j mvgvb¨ ‡jLvcov K‡ib|
‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ 1971 mv‡ji 2 ‡deª“qvwi B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›U ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
‡hvM`v‡bi ciB PÆMÖv‡gi ‡mbvwbev‡m B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›Uvj
AvNvZ nv‡b, wKš‘ Zvi ‡m›Uv‡i cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ hvb| 25 gvP© cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi
ciciB nvwg`yi AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L PvKwi¯’j ‡_‡K wbR MÖv‡g P‡j Av‡mb| evwo‡Z
GKw`b ‡_‡K ciw`bB gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ P‡j hvb wm‡jU
ingvb ¸wjwe× nb| ‡Rjvi kÖxg½j _vbvi ajB Pv evMv‡bi c~e© cÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z ajB eW©vi
‡m Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb AvDU‡cv‡÷|
‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ ‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
wM‡q ‡mLvbKvi `yB 1971 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡mi ‡klfv‡M nvwg`yi ingvb 1g B÷‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui wm ‡Kv¤úvwbi n‡q ajB mxgv‡š—i dvuwo `Lj Kivi
Rb cvwK¯—vwb ‰m‡b¨i Awfhv‡b Ask ‡bb| ‡fvi PviUvq gyw³evwnbx j¶¨¯’‡ji Kv‡Q ‡cŠ‡Q
mv‡_ nvZvnvwZ hy× Ae¯’vb ‡bq| mvg‡b `y c¬vUyb I ‡cQ‡b GK c¬vUyb ‰mb¨ Ae¯’vb wb‡q
AMÖmi n‡Z _v‡K kΓ Awfgy‡L| kΓ Ae¯’v‡bi KvQvKvwQ G‡j
ïi“ K‡ib GKwU gvBb we‡ùvwiZ nq| gyw³evwnbx mxgvš— dvuwoi Lye Kv‡Q ‡cŠu‡Q
‡M‡jI dvuwoi `w¶Y-cwðg cÖvš— n‡Z cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi
‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wjel©‡Yi Rb¨ Avi AMÖmi n‡Z cviwQ‡jv bv|
A‡±ve‡ii 28 Zvwi‡L 1g B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U I cvwK¯—vb evwnbxi
30G dÖw›Uqvi ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui g‡a¨ Zygyj msNl© ev‡a| B÷ ‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 125 Rb gyw³‡hv×v hy‡× Ask ‡bq| gyw³evwnbx cvwK¯—vb
evwnbxi ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ ‡MÖ‡bW nvgjvi wm×vš— ‡bq| ‡MÖ‡bW
‡Qvovi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq nvwg`yi ingvb‡K| wZwb cvnvwo Lv‡ji ga¨
w`‡q ey‡K ‡nu‡U ‡MÖ‡bW wb‡q AvKªgY ïi“ K‡ib| `ywU ‡MÖ‡bW
mdjfv‡e ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ AvNvZ nv‡b, wKš‘ Zvi ciciB nvwg`yi
ingvb ¸wjwe× nb| 2 ‡m Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ wM‡q
‡mLvbKvi `yB Rb cvwK¯—vwb ‰m‡b¨i mv‡_ nvZvnvwZ hy× ïi“ K‡ib|
Gfv‡e AvKªg‡Yi gva¨‡g nvwg`yi ingvb GKmgq ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv÷‡K
AKvh©Ki K‡i w`‡Z m¶g nb| GB my‡hv‡M B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui
gyw³‡hv×viv wecyj D`¨‡g GwM‡q hvb, Ges kΓ cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwn-
bx‡K civ¯— K‡i mxgvbv duvwowU `Lj Ki‡Z mg_© nb| wKš‘ nvwg`yi
ingvb weR‡qi ¯^v` Av¯^v`b Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb, dvuwo `L‡ji c‡i
gyw³‡hv×viv knx` nvwg`yi ingv‡bi jvk D×vi K‡i| 2
nvwg`yi ingv‡bi g…Z‡`n mxgv‡š—i Aí `~‡i fviZxq f~L‡Û wÎcyiv
iv‡R¨i nvwZ‡giQov MÖv‡gi ¯’vbxq GK cwiev‡ii cvwievwiK ‡Mvi¯’v‡b
`vdb Kiv nq| 3 wbPy ¯’v‡b Aew¯’Z KeiwU GKmgq cvwb‡Z Zwj‡q
hvq|
2007 mv‡ji 27 A‡±vei evsjv‡`‡ki ZË¡veavqK miKvi nvwg`yi
ingv‡bi ‡`n evsjv‡`‡k wdwi‡q Avbvi wm×vš— ‡bq| 4 ‡m Abyhvqx
2007 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k ivB‡dj‡mi GKwU `j wÎcyiv
mxgv‡š— nvwg`yi ingv‡bi ‡`nve‡kl MÖnY K‡i, Ges h_v‡hvM¨ gh©v`vi
mv‡_ Kywgj¬vi weweinvU mxgvš— w`‡q knx‡`i ‡`nve‡kl evsjv‡`‡k
wb‡q Avmv nq| 11 wW‡m¤^i ivóÖxq gh©v`vq exi‡kÖô nvwg`yi ingvb‡K
XvKvi eyw×Rxex Kei¯’v‡b mgvwnZ Kiv nq| 5
Z_¨m~Î
1. ÔBirshreshtha Hamidur Rahman Laid To RestÕ, The Daily
Star, 12 wW‡m¤^i 2007|
2. Ôexi nvwg`y‡ii N‡i ‡divÕ, cÖ_g Av‡jv, 15 wW‡m¤^i 2007|
3.ÔBangladesh takes home teenage war heroÕ, iqUvm©, 10
wW‡m¤^i 2007|
4. Ôexi‡kÖô nvwg`y‡ii ‡`nve‡kl ‡`‡k G‡b mgvwnZ Kiv n‡eÕ, cÖ_g
Av‡jv, 28 A‡±vei 2007|
5. ÔHome they brought warrior dead: Bir Shreshtha
Hamidur to be buried at Martyred Intellectuals’ Graveyard
todayÕ, The New Nation, 11B wW‡m¤^i, 2007|
12
m~wPcÎ |
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
BwÄb AvwU©wdmvi i“ûj Avwgb
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ ‡gvnv¤§` i“ûj Avwgb‡K (1935 - wW‡m¤^i 10, 1971) exi‡kÖô
Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
msw¶ß Rxebx
i“ûj Avwgb 1935 mv‡j ‡bvqvLvjxi evNPvcov MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvui wcZv AvRnvi cv‡Uvqvix,
gvZv ‡RvjLv LvZyb| i“ûj Avwgb evNPvcov cÖvBgvwi ¯‹y‡j cov‡kvbv ‡kl K‡i Avwglvcvov nvB ¯‹y‡j
fwZ© nb| 1953-‡Z Rywbqi ‡gKvwbK¨vj BwÄwbqvi wnmv‡e cvwK¯—vb ‡bŠ-evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
Avie mvM‡i Aew¯’Z gv‡bviv Øx‡c wcGbGm evnv`yi-G cÖv_wgK cÖwk¶Y ‡bb| cÖv_wgK cÖwk¶Y
MÖn‡Yi ci wcGbGm Kvimv‡R ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1958-‡Z ‡ckvMZ cÖwk¶Y ‡kl K‡ib| 1965 -‡Z
‡gKvwbwkqvb ‡Kv‡m©i Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ nb| wcGbGm Kvimv‡R ‡Kvm© mgvß Kivi ci AvwU©wdmvi c‡`
wbhy³ nb| 1968 -‡Z PÆMÖvg wcGbGm eLwZqvi ‡bŠ-NvwUu‡Z e`wj n‡q hvb| 1971-Gi GwcÖ‡j NvwUu
‡_‡K cvwj‡q hvb| fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv mxgvš— AwZKªg K‡i 2 b¤^i ‡m±‡i gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
‡m‡Þ¤^i ch©š— 2 b¤^i ‡m±‡ii Aax‡b ‡_‡K wewfbœ
¯’jhy‡× AskMÖnY K‡ib| evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ evwnbx
MwVZ n‡j KjKvZvq P‡j Av‡mb| fviZ miKvi
evsjv‡`k mk¯¿ evwnbx‡K `ywU Mvb‡evU Dcnvi
‡`q| Mvb‡ev‡Ui bvgKiY Kiv nq cÙv I cjvk|
i“ûj Avwgb cjv‡ki cÖavb BwÄbi“‡g AvwU©wdmvi
wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
6 wW‡m¤^i gyw³evwnbx h‡kvi ‡mbvwbevm `L‡ji ci
cÙv, cjvk Ges fviZxq wgÎevwnbxi GKwU
Mvb‡evU Ôcvb‡fjÕ Lyjbvi gsjv e›`‡i cvwK¯—vwb
‡bŠ-NvwUu wcGbGm wZZygxi `L‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ evsjv‡`k-G cÖ‡ek K‡i| 10 wW‡m¤^i `ycyi 12 Uvi w`‡K
Mvb‡evU¸‡jv Lyjbv wkcBqv‡W©i Kv‡Q G‡j A‡bK DPyu‡Z wZbwU Rw½ wegvb‡K Do‡Z ‡`Lv hvq| kΓi
wegvb Abyaveb K‡i cÙv I cjvk ‡_‡K ¸wj Kivi AbygwZ PvIqv nq| wKš‘ Awfhv‡bi me©vwabvqK
K¨v‡Þb g‡b›`Öbv_ fviZxq wegvb g‡b K‡i ¸wjel©Y ‡_‡K weiZ _vKvi wb‡`©k ‡`b| Gi wKQy¶Y c‡i
wegvb¸‡jv AcÖZ¨vwkZ fv‡e wb‡P ‡b‡g Av‡m Ges AvPgKv ¸wjel©Y ïi“ K‡i| ‡Mvjv mivmwi ÔcÙvÕ
Gi BwÄb i“‡g AvNvZ K‡i BwÄb weaŸ¯— K‡i| nZvnZ nq A‡bK bvweK| cÙv-i cwiYwZ‡Z cjv‡ki
AwabvqK ‡j. KgvÛvi ivq ‡PŠayix bvweK‡`i RvnvR Z¨v‡Mi wb‡`©k ‡`b| i“ûj Avwgb GB Av‡`‡k
w¶ß nb| wZwb Dcw¯’Z mevB‡K hy× eÜ bv Kivi AvnŸvb K‡ib| Kvgv‡bi Kªy‡`i wegv‡bi w`‡K ¸wj
Qyou‡Z e‡j BwÄb i“‡g wd‡i Av‡mb| wKš‘ Awabvq‡Ki Av‡`k Agvb¨ K‡i wegvb¸‡jv‡K P¨v‡jÄ Kiv
nqwb| wegvb¸‡jv Dchy©cwi ‡evgvel©Y K‡i cjv‡ki BwÄbi“g aŸsm K‡i ‡`q| knx` nb i“ûj
Avwgb| iƒcmv b`xi cv‡o Zvu‡K mgvwnZ Kiv nq|
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi iDd
gywÝ Avãyi iDd (1943 - GwcÖj 8, 1971) evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×
AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| hy‡× Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K
exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
msw¶ß Rxebx
gywÝ Avãyi iDd 1943 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m dwi`cyi ‡Rjvi gayLvjx Dc‡Rjvi
(c~‡e© ‡evqvjgvix Dc‡Rjvi Aš—M©Z) mvjvgZcyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvui
wcZvi bvg gywÝ ‡g‡n`x ‡nv‡mb Ges gvZvi bvg gwK`y‡bœmv| wK‡kvi eq‡m
iDd-Gi wcZv gviv hvb| d‡j wZwb D”Pwk¶v jv‡fi my‡hvM ‡_‡K ewÂZ
nb| wZwb Aóg ‡kÖYx ch©š— Aa¨qb K‡ib| 1963-i 8 ‡g B÷ cvwK¯—vb
ivB‡djm-G fwZ© nb| Zvui ‡iwR‡óÖkb b¤^i 13187| 1971 Gi 25 gvP©
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ïi“‡Z PÆMÖv‡g 11 b¤^i DBs G Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| ‡m mgq
wZwb B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui m‡½ ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
gywÝ Ave`yi iDd 8g B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui GKwU ‡Kv¤úvbxi mv‡_
eywoNv‡U Ae¯’vb ‡bb| cve©Z¨ PÆMÖv‡gi iv½vgvwU-gnvjQwo Rjc_ cÖwZ‡iva
Kivi Rb¨ 8 GwcÖj cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi Kgv‡Ûv e¨v‡Uwjq‡bi `yB
‡Kv¤úvbx ‰mb¨, mvZwU ¯úxW ‡evU Ges `ywU j‡Â K‡i eywoNvU `L‡ji Rb¨
AMÖmi nq| Zviv cÖwZi¶v e~¨‡ni mvg‡b G‡m 3 Bw gU©vi Ges Ab¨vb¨
fvix A¯¿ w`‡q nVvr Aweivg ‡Mvjvel©Y ïi“ K‡i| ‡Mvjve…wói ZxeÖZvq
cÖwZi¶vi ‰mb¨iv ‡cQ‡b m‡i eva¨ nq| wKš‘ j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi iDd
‡cQ‡b nU‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvb| wbR cwiLv ‡_‡K ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wjel©Y ïi“
K‡ib| ‡gwkbMv‡bi GB cvëv AvKªg‡Yi d‡j kΓ‡`i w¯úW‡evU¸‡jv Wy‡e
hvq|
nZvnZ nq Gi Av‡ivnxiv| ‡cQ‡bi `y‡Uv j `ª“Z ‡cQ‡b wM‡q wbivc`
`yi‡Z¡ Ae¯’vb ‡bq| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i `yicvj¬vi fvix ‡Mvjvel©Y|
gU©v‡ii fvix ‡Mvjv G‡m c‡i Avãyi iD‡di Dci| jywU‡q c‡ob wZwb,
bxie n‡q hvq Zvui ‡gwkbMvb| ZZ¶‡Y wbivc` `~i‡Z¡ m‡i ‡h‡Z m¶g nb
Zvui mn‡hv×viv|
knx` j¨vÝ bv‡qK exi‡kÖô gywÝ Avãyi iD‡di mgvwa cve©Z¨ ‡Rjv ivOvgvwUi
bvwbqviP‡i| Zvui Acwimxg exiZ¡,mvnmxKZv I ‡`k‡cÖ‡gi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k
miKvi Zvu‡K m‡eŸ©vP m¤§vb exi‡kÖô ‡LZv‡e f~wlZ K‡i|
13
m~wPcÎ |
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
K¨v‡Þb gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi
gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi (1948- wW‡m¤^i 14, 1971) evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| hy‡×
Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
msw¶ß Rxebx
gwnDÏxb Rvnv½xi 1948 mv‡j eveyMÄ _vbvi iwngMÄ MÖv‡g
Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvui wcZvi bvg Ave`yj ‡gvZv‡je nvIjv`vi|
Rvnv½xi 1964 mv‡j g¨vwUÖKy‡jkb cvk K‡ib Ges 1966 ‡Z AvBGmwm cvk Kivi
ci wegvbevwnbx‡Z ‡hvM`v‡bi ‡Póv K‡ib, wKš‘ ‡Pv‡Li Amyweav _vKvq e¨_© nb|
1967 mv‡j wZwb cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK GKv‡Wgx‡Z K¨v‡WU wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
1968-i 2 Ryb wZwb BwÄwbqvm© ‡Kv‡i Kwgkb jvf K‡ib| 1971-G ¯^vaxbZv hy×
ïi“ nIqvi mgq wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b 173 b¤^i BwÄwbqvi e¨v‡Uwjqv‡b KZ©e¨iZ wQ‡jb|
gvZ…f~wgi ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ wZwb Qy‡U G‡mwQ‡jb cvwK¯—v‡bi `yM©g GjvKv AwZKªg K‡i,
cÖv‡Yi SyuwK wb‡q| 3 RyjvB cvwK¯—v‡b AvU‡Kcov Av‡iv wZbRb Awdmvimn wZwb
cvwj‡q hvb I c‡i cwðge‡½i gvj`n ‡Rjvi ‡g‡n`xcy‡i gyw³evwnbxi 7bs ‡m±‡i
mve ‡m±i KgvÛvi wnmv‡e ‡hvM ‡`b| wewfbœ iYv½‡b AmvaviY K…wZZ¡ ‡`Lv‡bvi
Kvi‡Y Zvu‡K ivRkvnxi PvucvBbeveMÄ `L‡ji `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq| ¯^vaxbZvi Elvj‡Mœ
weRq mywbwðZ K‡iB wZwb knx` n‡qwQ‡jb| K¨v‡Þb Rvnv½xi‡K PuvcvBbeveMÄ
‡Rjvi HwZnvwmK ‡mvbv gmwR` AvwObvq mgvwnZ Kiv nq|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
10 wW‡m¤^i K¨v‡Þb Rvnv½xi, ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U KvBqyg, ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U AvDqvj I 50
R‡bi g‡Zv gyw³‡hv×v PvucvBbeveM‡Äi cwð‡g eviNwiqv GjvKvq Ae¯’vb MÖnY
K‡ib| 14 wW‡m¤^i ‡fv‡i gvÎ 20 Rb gyw³‡hv×v wb‡q eviNwiqv GjvKv ‡_‡K 3-4
wU ‡`kx ‡bŠKvq K‡i ‡invBPi GjvKv ‡_‡K gnvb›`v b`x AwZKªg K‡ib| b`x
AwZKªg Kivi ci DËi w`K ‡_‡K GKwU GKwU K‡i cÖ‡Z¨KwU kΓ Ae¯’v‡bi `Lj
wb‡q `w¶‡Y G‡Mv‡Z _v‡Kb| wZwb Ggbfv‡e AvKªgY cwiKíbv K‡iwQ‡jb ‡hb DËi
w`K ‡_‡K kΓ wbcvZ Kivi mgq `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K kΓ ‡KvbwKQy AvuP Ki‡Z bv
cv‡i| Gfv‡e G¸‡Z _vKvi mgq Rq hLb cÖvq mywbwðZ ZLb N‡U wech©q| nVvr
evu‡ai Dci ‡_‡K B÷ cvwK¯—vb wmwfj Avg©W ‡dv‡m©i 8/10 Rb ‰mwbK ‡`Šu‡o Pi
GjvKvq G‡m ‡hvM ‡`q| GiciB ïi“ nq cvwK¯—vb evwnbxi Aweivg avivq
¸wjel©Y| K¨v‡Þb Rvnv½xi Rxe‡bi c‡ivqv bv K‡i mvg‡b GwM‡q hvb| wVK ‡mB
mg‡q kΓi GKwU ¸wj G‡m we× nq Rvnv½x‡ii Kcv‡j| knx` nb wZwb|
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
j¨vÝbv‡qK b~i ‡gvnv¤§` ‡kL
b~i ‡gvnv¤§` ‡kL (‡deÖyqvwi 26, 1936- ‡m‡Þ¤^i 5, 1971) evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×
AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| hy‡× Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô
Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
msw¶ß Rxebx
1936 mv‡ji 26 ‡deÖyqvwi bovBj ‡Rjvi g‡nk‡Lvjv MÖv‡gi GK `wi`Ö cwiev‡i b~i
‡gvnv¤§` ‡kL Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvui wcZv ‡gvnv¤§` AvgvbZ ‡kL, gvZv ‡RbœvZy‡bœmv|
¯’vbxq cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi ‡jLvcov ‡kl K‡i D”P we`¨vj‡q fwZ© nb| ‡mLvbKvi
‡jLvcov ‡kl bv K‡i 1959-Gi 14 gvP© c~e© cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm-G ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
1970 mv‡j b~i ‡gvnv¤§`‡K w`bvRcyi ‡_‡K h‡kv‡i e`wj Kiv nq| e`wj ¯’v‡b
‡hvM`v‡bi Av‡MB ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
1971- Gi 5 ‡m‡Þ¤^i mywZcy‡i wbR¯^ cÖwZi¶vi mvg‡b ‡MvqvjnvwU MÖv‡g b~i
‡gvnv¤§`‡K AwabvqK K‡i cvuPR‡bi mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU ÷¨vwÛs ‡c‡UÖvj cvVv‡bv nq|
mKvj mv‡o bqUvi w`‡K nVvr cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx ‡c‡UÖvjwU wZb w`K ‡_‡K wN‡i ‡d‡j
¸wjel©Y Ki‡Z _v‡K| ‡cQ‡b gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wbR¯^ cÖwZi¶v ‡_‡K cvëv ¸wjel©Y Kiv
nq| Zey ‡c‡UÖvjwU D×vi Kiv m¤¢e nq bv| GKmg‡q wmcvnx bvbœy wgqv ¸wjwe× n‡q
gvwU‡Z jywU‡q co‡j b~i ‡gvnv¤§` bvbœy wgqv‡K Kvu‡a Zy‡j ‡bb Ges nv‡Zi GjGgwR
w`‡q G‡jvcvZvwo ¸wj Pvjv‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j kΓc¶ cðvrcmviY Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| nVvr
K‡iB kΓi gU©v‡ii GKwU ‡Mvjv G‡m jv‡M Zvui Wvb Kvu‡a| aivkqx nIqv gvÎ AvnZ
bvbœy wgqv‡K evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨vKyj n‡q D‡Vb| nv‡Zi GjGgwR wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv‡K w`‡q
bvbœy wgqv‡K wb‡q ‡h‡Z ej‡jb Ges ‡gv¯—dvi ivB‡dj ‡P‡q wb‡jb hZ¶Y bv Zvuiv
wbivc` `~i‡Z¡ m‡i ‡h‡Z m¶g nb ZZ¶‡Y H ivB‡dj w`‡q kΓ‰mb¨ ‡VwK‡q ivL‡eb
Ges kÎyi g‡bv‡hvM Zvui w`‡KB ‡K›`ÖxfyZ K‡i ivL‡eb| Ab¨ m½xiv Zv‡`i mv‡_
Aby‡iva Ki‡jb hvIqvi R‡b¨| wKš‘ Zvu‡K enb K‡i wb‡q ‡h‡Z ‡M‡j mevB gviv co‡e
GB Avk¼vq wZwb iY‡¶Î Z¨vM Ki‡Z ivwR n‡jb bv| evwK‡`i Awabv‡qv‡KvwPZ Av‡`k
w`‡jb Zvu‡K ‡i‡L P‡j ‡h‡Z| Zvu‡K ‡i‡L mš—c©‡Y m‡i ‡h‡Z cvi‡jb evwKiv| Gw`‡K
mgv‡b ¸wj Qyo‡Z jvM‡jb i³v³ b~i ‡gvnv¤§`| GKw`‡K cvwK¯—vwb mk¯¿ evwnbx, m‡½
AZ¨vaywbK ¯^qswKªq A¯¿k¯¿, Ab¨w`‡K gvÎ Aa©g…Z ‰mwbK (BwcAvi), hviv m¤^j GKwU
ivB‡dj I mxwgZ ¸wj| GB Amg Awek¦vm¨ hy‡× wZwb kÎyc‡¶i Ggb ¶wZmvab K‡ib
‡h Zviv GB g…Zz¨c_hvÎx ‡hv×v‡K ‡eq‡bU w`‡q weK…Z K‡i ‡PvL `y‡Uv Dc‡o ‡d‡j|
c‡i cÖwZi¶vi ‰mwbKiv G‡m cv‡ki GKwU Svo ‡_‡K Zvui g…Z‡`n D×vi K‡i|
14
m~wPcÎ |
exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj
‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj (wW‡m¤^i 16, 1947- GwcÖj 17, 1971)
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| hy‡×
Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq|
msw¶ß Rxebx
‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj 1947 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i ‡fvjv ‡Rjvi ‡`ŠjZLvb
_vbvi cwðg nvRxcyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvi wcZv nvweeyi ingvb
‡mbvevwnbxi AemicÖvß nvwej`vi wQ‡jb| ‰kke ‡_‡KB `ytmvnmx wn‡m‡e
L¨vZ wQ‡jb| cov‡kvbv ‡ewk`~i Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi ci DPP we`¨vj‡q `y-GK
eQi Aa¨qb K‡ib| 1967-i 16 wW‡m¤^i evwo ‡_‡K cvwj‡q wM‡q ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwi MÖnY
K‡ib| wZwb wQ‡jb PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‰mwbK| 1971-Gi cÖ_g w`‡K PZy_© B÷
‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U‡K Kywgj¬v ‡mbvwbevm ‡_‡K eÖvþYevwoqvq cvVv‡bv nq| ¯^vaxbZv hy× ïi“ nIqvi
mv‡_ mv‡_ PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U eÖvþYevwoqv‡K wN‡i wZbwU cÖwZi¶v NvuwU M‡o ‡Zv‡j
GÛvimb Lv‡ji cv‡o| AvLvDovq Aew¯’Z PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K
wbivcËvi Rb¨ `i“Bb MÖv‡gi `yB b¤^i c¬vUyb‡K wb‡`©k ‡`q| wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj wQ‡jb `yB
b¤^i c¬vUy‡b| Kg©ZrciZvi Rb¨ hy‡×i mgq ‡gŠwLKfv‡e Zvu‡K j¨vÝbv‡q‡Ki `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
16 GwcÖj cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j‡K wbwðý Kivi Rb¨ Kywgj¬v-AvLvDov ‡ijjvBb
a‡i DËi w`‡K G¸‡Z _v‡K| 17B GwcÖj ciw`b ‡fvi‡ejv cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx `i“Bb MÖv‡g
gyw³evwnbxi Ae¯’v‡bi Dci gU©vi I AvwU©jvixi ‡Mvjvel©Y ïi“ Ki‡j ‡gRi kvdvqvZ Rvwgj 11
b¤^i c¬vUyb‡K `i“Bb MÖv‡g Av‡Mi c¬vUy‡bi mv‡_ ‡hvM ‡`qvi wb‡`©k ‡`b| 11 b¤^i c¬vUyb wb‡q
nvwej`vi gywbi `i“B‡b ‡cŠ‡Qb| wmcvnx ‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj Zvi wbKU ‡_‡K ¸wj wb‡q
wbR cwiLvq Ae¯’vb MÖnb K‡ib| ‡ejv 11 Uvi w`‡K ïi“ nq kÎyi ‡Mvjvel©Y| ‡mB mg‡q ïi“
nq gyljav‡i e…wó| mv‡o 11Uvi w`‡K ‡gvMiv evRvi I M½v mvM‡ii kÎy Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K ¸wj
ewl©Z nq|
12 Uvi w`‡K Av‡m cwðg w`K ‡_‡K mivmwi AvKªgY| cÖwZi¶vi ‰mb¨iv AvKªg‡Yi ZxeÖZvq
wenŸj n‡q c‡o| K‡qKRb knx` nb| ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj gwiqv n‡q cvëv ¸wj Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb|
Zvui c~e©w`‡Ki ‰mb¨iv ‡cQ‡b m‡i bZyb Ae¯’v‡b m‡i ‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges ‡gv¯—dv‡K hvevi Rb¨
Aby‡iva K‡i| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mevB‡K wbivc‡` m‡i hvIqvi my‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ ‡gv¯—dv c~‡Y©v`¨‡g
GjGgwR ‡_‡K ¸wj Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb| Zvui 70 M‡Ri g‡a¨ kÎyc¶ P‡j G‡jI wZwb _v‡gbwb|
G‡Z K‡i kÎyiv Zvui m½x‡`i wcQy avIqv Ki‡Z mvnm cvqwb| GKmgq ¸wj ‡kl n‡q ‡M‡j,
kÎyi AvNv‡Z wZwbI jywU‡q c‡ob|
mvZ exi‡kª‡ôi ¯’vqx wVKvbv
I ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb
1. exi‡kªô knx` BAviB †gvnv¤§` i“ûj Avwgb
MÖvg : evNPvcov, BDwbqb : †`DwU, Dc‡Rjv : †eMgMÄ, †Rjv : †bvqvLvjx|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : jvKcyi wm dzW, iƒcmv NvU, iƒcmv, Lyjbv|
2. exi‡kªô knx` j¨vÝbv‡qK b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL
MÖvg : g‡nk‡Lvjv, BDwbqb : PwÛevicyi, Dc‡Rjv : bovBj m`i, †Rjv : bovBj|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : Kvwkicyi, kvl©v, h‡kvi|
3. exi‡kªô knx` K¨v‡Þb gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi
MÖvg : iwngMÄ, BDwbqb : AvMicyi, Dc‡Rjv : eveyMÄ, †Rjv : ewikvj|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ‡mvbv gmwR`, PuvcvBbeveMÄ|
4. exi‡kªô knx` j¨vÝbv‡qK gyÝx Ave`yi iDd
MÖvg : mvjvgZcyi, BDwbqb : KvgviLvjx, Dc‡Rjv : gayLvjx, †Rjv : dwi`cyi|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : eywoiNvU, bvwbqviPi, ivOvgvwU|
5. exi‡kªô knx` wmcvnx †gv¯—dv Kvgvj
MÖvg : ‡gŠUzwc, BDwbqb : AvjxbMi, Dc‡Rjv : †fvjv m`i, †Rjv : †fvjv|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ‡gvMiv, AvLvDov, eªv²Yevwoqv|
6. exi‡kªô knx` nvwg`yi ingvb
MÖvg : †Lvi`v Lvwjkcyi, BDwbqb : Gm‡Kwe (my›`icyi, eRivcyi
Ges Lvwjkcyi), Dc‡Rjv : g‡nkcyi, †Rjv : wSbvB`n|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ajB, weIwc, KgjMÄ, †gŠjfxevRvi|
7. exi‡kªô knx` d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb
MÖvg : ivgbMi, BDwbqb : gymvcyi, Dc‡Rjv : ivqcyiv, †Rjv : biwms`x|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : weGGd kvnxb K‡jR K¨v¤úvm, Kzwg©‡Uvjv, XvKv|
Drm : gyw³hy×welqK gš¿bvj‡qi I‡qemvBU
15
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi DËg
Kªg bvg †m±i c`we

01 Ave`yi ie †mbv cÖavb, ‡mbv m`i †j. K‡b©j

02 †K. Gg. kwdDj¬vn AwabvqK, Gm. ‡dvm© †gRi
03 wRqvDi ingvb AwabvqK, ‡RW. ‡dvm© †gRi
04 wPËiÄb `Ë †m±i AwabvqK-4 †gRi
05 KvRx b~i“¾vgvb †m±i AwabvqK-7 †gRi
06 gxi kIKZ Avjx †m±i AwabvqK-5 †gRi
07 Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid AwabvqK, ‡K. ‡dvm© †gRi
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× hviv Ae`vb ‡i‡LwQ‡jb 08 Ave`yj gÄyi †m±i AwabvqK-8 †gRi
09 Avey Zv‡ni †m±i AwabvqK-11 †gRi
Zv‡`i ga¨ ‡_‡K evsjv‡`k miKvi wewfbœRb‡K Zv‡`i 10 G. Gb. Gg. b~i“¾vgvb †m±i AwabvqK-3 K¨v‡Þb
Ae`v‡bi wfwˇZ exi‡kÖô, exiDËg, exiweKªg I 11 iwdKyj Bmjvg †m±i AwabvqK-1 K¨v‡Þb
exicÖZxK Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡ib| Gi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki 12 Ave`ym Qv‡jK ‡PŠayix †m±i AwabvqK-2 K¨v‡Þb
13 Avwgbyj nK AwabvqK, 8 B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
wØZxq m‡e©v”P exi‡Z¡i cyi¯‹vi Ôexi DËgÕ cvb 68 Rb, 14 LvRv wbRvg DwÏb* †m±i-4 wjWvi MYevwnbx
Z…Zxq m‡e©v”P Dcvwa ÔexiweKªgÕ †c‡q‡Qb 175 Rb| 15 nvi“b Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix †m±i-1 K¨v‡Þb
16 G. wU. Gg. nvq`vi †m±i AwabvqK-2 †gRi
PZy_© m‡e©v”P Ôexi cÖZxKÕ jvf K‡ib †gvU 426 Rb| 17 Gg. G. Mvd&dvi nvj`vi AwabvqK, 9 B÷ ‡e½j K¨v‡Þb
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖwZi¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi ‡M‡RU 18 kixdyj nK (Wvwjg) †m±i-4 †gRi
‡bvwUwd‡Kkb b¤^i 8/25/wW-1/72-1378 ZvwiL 15 19 †gvnv¤§` kvn&Rvnvb Igi †m±i-9 K¨v‡Þb
20 gvneyeyi ingvb †m±i-2 K¨v‡Þb
wW‡m¤^i, 1973-G ZvwjKv¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nq| 21 †gvnv¤§` wRqvDwÏb AwabvqK, 1g B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
22 AvdZve Kv‡`i* †m±i-1 K¨v‡Þb
23 gvneyeyi ingvb* †RW ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb
GB ZvwjKvB D‡V G‡m‡Q gvmAv‡UK Av‡M hvÎv ïi“ Kiv 24 mvjvnDwÏb ggZvR 1g B÷ ‡e½j K¨v‡Þb
gyw³hy× welqK AvK©vBf Ôgyw³hy× DBwKqvÕ†Z| Avi Zv 25 AvwRRyi ingvb 2q B÷ ‡e½j K¨v‡Þb
evsjv DBwKwcwWqv I gyw³hy× DBwKqv‡Z ‡hvM Ki‡Z 26 Gm. Gg. Bg`v`yj nK* 8g B÷ ‡e½j †jd‡Ub¨v›U
27 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb* 1g B÷ ‡e½j †jd‡Ub¨v›U
mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb evsjv DBwKwcwWqvi Kg©x Lvb gynv¤§` 28 G. Gg. AvkdvKym mvgv`* †m±i-6 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
web Avmv` I ivwReyj nvmvb| Avi Zv e¬‡Mi cvZvq Zz‡j 29 AvdZve Avjx my‡e`vi
30 d‡qR Avn‡g`* my‡e`vi
G‡b‡Qb ivwMe nvmvb| 31 †ejv‡qZ ‡nv‡mb* bv‡qe my‡e`vi
32 gqbyj ‡nv‡mb* bv‡qe myev`vi
33 nvweeyi ingvb bv‡qe myev`vi
knx` exi‡`i bv‡gi cv‡k ZviKv (*) wPý D‡j¬L Kiv Av‡Q| 34 kvn Avjg* nvwej`vi

16
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi DËg exi weKªg
Kªg bvg †m±i c`ex Kªg bvg †m±i c`ex

35 b~i“j Avwgb nvwej`vi 01 L›`Kvi bvRgyj û`v †m±i-8 K¨v‡Þb

36 bvwmi DwÏb* nvwej`vi 02 Avey mv‡jn ‡gvt bvwRg AwabvqK, 11 B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
37 Ave`yj gvbœvb* bv‡qK 03 mvdvqvZ Rvwgj AwabvqK, 3q B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
38 Ave`yj jwZd* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 04 gqbyj ‡nv‡mb ‡PŠayix AwabvqK, 2q B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
39 Avãym QvËvi j¨vÝ bv‡qK 05 wMqvm DwÏb Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix †m±i-7 †gRi
40 b~i“j nK* wmcvB 06 gnmxb DwÏb Avn‡g` †RW ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb
41 †gvnv¤§` kvgmy¾vgvb* 8g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 07 Avwgb Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix †RW ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb
42 kvwKj wgb 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 08 Gg.G.Avi AvRg ‡PŠayix †m±i-8 †gRi
43 dRjyi ingvb* my‡e`vi 09 †gv¯—vwdRyi ingvb †m±i-8 †gRi
44 gwReyi ingvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi 10 nvwdR DwÏb Avn‡g` 1g B÷ ‡e½j K¨v‡Þb
45 kwdKDwÏb ‡PŠayix* bv‡qK 11 Awj Avn‡g` we. Gg. †RW ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb
46 Avey Zv‡je wmcvB 12 Rvdi Bgvg AwabvqK, 10 B÷ ‡e½j †gRi
47 mvjvn DwÏb Avn‡g` wmcvB 13 G.IqvB. gvndyRyi ingvb 8g B÷ ‡e½j K¨v‡Þb
48 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb* wmcvB 14 †gn`x Avjx Bgvg †m±i-9 K¨v‡Þb
49 Gikv` Avjx* wmcvB 15 Gm.GBP.Gg.we. b~i ‡PŠayix G.wW.wm., cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ K¨v‡Þb
50 †gvRvnvi Dj¬v Gg Gd, ‡m±i-1 †bŠ- Kgv‡Ûv 16 Bgvgy¾vgvb †K. ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb
51 Rvjvj DwÏb †bŠ evwnbx Gj Gm 17 Gm.AvB.we byi“bœex Lvb 3q B÷ ‡e½j †jd‡Ub¨v›U
52 AvdRvj wgTv †bŠ evwnbx B Avi G 18 gwZDi ingvb †m±i-6 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
53 ew`Dj Avjg †bŠ evwnbx Gg B Avi 19 Ave`yj gvbœvb †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
54 kwdDj gvIjv †bŠ evwnbx G we 20 †Mvjvg ‡njvj ‡gv‡k©` Lvb 2q B÷ ‡e½j †jd‡Ub¨v›U
55 Ave`yj Iqvwn` ‡PŠayix †bŠ evwnbx mve/‡j. 21 kg‡mi gweb ‡PŠayix †m±i-1 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
56 gwZDi ingvb Gg Gd †bŠ Kgv‡Ûv 22 Ave`yi iDd †m±i-5 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
57 kvn Avjg Gg Gd, ‡m±i-1 †bŠ Kgv‡Ûv 23 L›`Kvi AvwRRyj Bmjvg* †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
58 G. ‡K. L›`Kvi wegvbevwnbx cÖavb Mªy. K¨v‡Þb 24 †gRevn DwÏb Avn‡g` †m±i-6 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
59 Gg. ‡K. evmvi †m±i AwabvqK-6 DBs KgvÛvi 25 Ave`yj ReŸvi cv‡Uvqvix my‡e`vi ‡gRi
60 myjZvb gvngy` AwabvqK, wK‡jv d¬vBU †¯‹vqvWÖ©b wjWvi 26 Ave`yj Inve my‡e`vi
61 kvgmyj Avjg m`i `dZi, gywRebMi d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U 27 Ave`ym ïKyi my‡e`vi
62 e`i“j Avjg wK‡jv d¬vBU d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U 28 Avãyj Kwig 2q B÷ ‡e½j my‡e`vi
63 wjqvKZ Avjx Lvb m`i `ßi, ‡RW. ‡dvm© d¬vBU Awdmvi 29 IqvwjDj¬vn bv‡qe my‡e`vi
64 kvnveywÏb Avn‡g` wK‡jv d¬vBU K¨v‡Þb 30 †gvnv¤§` Avgvbyj¬vn* my‡e`vi
65 AvKivg Avn‡g` wK‡jv d¬vBU K¨v‡Þb 31 †gvnv¤§` BeÖvnxg bv‡qe my‡e`vi
66 kidywÏb wK‡jv d¬vBU K¨v‡Þb 32 fyjy wgTv bv‡qe my‡e`vi
67 Gg. GBP. wmwÏKx †m±i-8 K¨v‡Þb 33 Ave`ym mvjvg* bv‡qe my‡e`vi
68 Ave`yj Kv‡`i wmwÏKx †m±i-11 gyw³evwnbx 34 Gg.G.gvbœvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi

17
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi weKªg
Kªg bvg †m±i c`ex 69 Zviv DwÏb* wmcvB
70 Ave`yj AvwRR 4_© B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
35 Ave`yj nK fyuBqv bv‡qe my‡e`vi 71 †gvnv¤§` mvbvDj¬vn* wmcvB
36 Bqvi Avn‡g`* bv‡qe my‡e`vi 72 †Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj* wmcvB
37 Ave`yj gv‡jK B.wc.Avi. ‡m±i-3 bv‡qe my‡e`vi 73 L›`Kvi ‡iRvbyi ‡nv‡mb* wmcvB
38 knx`yj¬vn fyuBqv* bv‡qe my‡e`vi 74 nvq`vi Avjx 2q B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
39 Ave`yj nv‡mg bv‡qe my‡e`vi 75 Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv`* wmcvB
40 Ave`yj nK bv‡qe my‡e`vi 76 Rvgvj DwÏb* wmcvB
41 b~i Avn‡g` MvRx* bv‡qe my‡e`vi 77 Ave`yi iwng* wmcvB
42 Avkivd Avjx Lvb* 2q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 78 b~i“j Bmjvg f~uBqv* wmcvB
43 kvgmyj nK †m±i-4 bv‡qe my‡e`vi 79 Ave`yj gvbœvb* wmcvB
44 †Rvbve Avjx 2q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 80 Avjx Avkivd* wmcvB
45 b~i“j nK nvwej`vi 81 gwReyi ingvb* wmcvB
46 Ave`yj nvwjg* nvwej`vi 82 Ave`yj nK 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
47 b~i“j Bmjvg* nvwej`vi 83 igRvb Avjx* 10g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
48 iwdKyj Bmjvg* nvwej`vi 84 †ngv‡qZ DwÏb †m±i-8 nvwej`vi
49 i“ûj Avwgb* nvwej`vi 85 b~i“j Bmjvg* †gvRvwn`
50 AvdRvj ‡nv‡mb (‰mq`) nvwej`vi 86 Ave`yj Lv‡jK 9g B÷ ‡e½j †gvRvwn`
51 iv½v wgqv* nvwej`vi 87 wmivRyj nK* 4_© B÷ ‡e½j, ‡m±i-8 †gvRvwn`
52 mvwKgywÏb* nvwej`vi 88 iwgR DwÏb 2q B÷ ‡e½j †gvRvwn`
53 †Mvjvg im~j* †m±i-4 nvwej`vi 89 ZwgR DwÏb* †m±i-6 †gvRvwn` K¨v‡Þb
54 Zv‡ni nvwej`vi 90 Gjvnx e· cv‡Uvqvix* †m±i-2 Avbmvi
55 Avdmvi Avjx bv‡qK 91 dKi“wÏb Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix my‡e`vi ‡gRi
56 Ave`yj nK bv‡qK 92 L›`Kvi gwZqvi ingvb my‡e`vi
57 Ave`yj ‡gvZv‡je* bv‡qK 93 gwbi“¾vgvb* my‡e`vi
58 b~i“¾vgvb* bv‡qK 94 myjZvb Avn‡g` bv‡qe my‡e`vi
59 †ZŠwn`yj¬vn bv‡qK 95 ‰mq` Avwgi“¾vgvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
60 Ave`yi ingvb bv‡qK 96 Ave`yj nvwKg nvwej`vi
61 †gvni Avjx* bv‡qK 97 Rvgvb wgqv* nvwej`vi
62 Ave`yj Lv‡jK bv‡qK 98 Ave`ym mvjvg nvwej`vi
63 Ave`yi ie ‡PŠayix †m±i-2 bv‡qK 99 bvwRgywÏb nvwej`vi
64 †gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—vdv j¨vÝbv‡qK 100 BD ‡K wms nvwej`vi
65 wmivRyj Bmjvg* j¨vÝbv‡qK 101 Avwbm ‡gvj¬v nvwej`vi
66 Ave`yj ev‡iK j¨vÝbv‡qK 102 Kvgi“¾vgvb Lwjdv* nvwej`vi
67 Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` j¨vÝbv‡qK 103 Avie Avjx nvwej`vi
68 †`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb* j¨vÝbv‡qK 104 b~i“j Bmjvg* nvwej`vi

18
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi weKªg
Kªg bvg †m±i c`we 139 †gvnv¤§` kvnRvnvb wmwÏKx †m±i-2 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv
140 Kwei“¾vgvb* †m±i-2 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv
105 ZvwiK Dj¬vn* nvwej`vi 141 †gvdv¾j ‡nv‡mb (gvqv) †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
106 †`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb* bv‡qK 142 Aveyj Kv‡kg f~uBqv †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
107 AvwRRyj nK* bv‡qK 143 Avãym mvjvg †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
108 †gvRvd&di Avn‡g`* bv‡qK 144 Ave`ym meyi Lvb †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
109 Aveyj Kv‡kg* bv‡qK 145 Kvgi“j nK (¯^cb) †m±i-2 †mbv-K¨v‡WU
110 Ave`yj gv‡jK* bv‡qK 146 KvRx Kvgvj DwÏb †m±i-2 †mbv-K¨v‡WU
111 kvn Avjx* bv‡qK 147 kvdx Bgvg (i“gx)* †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
112 gwdR DwÏb Avn‡g`* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 148 Ave`yj nvwjg ‡PŠayix (Ry‡qj)* †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
113 wRj¬yi ingvb* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 149 ew`Dj Avjg (ew`)* †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
114 wjjy wgTv* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 150 †gvnv¤§` Avey eKi †m±i-2 MYevwnbx
115 wbRvg DwÏb* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 151 †gvnv¤§` kvnveywÏb* †m±i-4 MYevwnbx
116 Aveyj Lv‡qi j¨vÝ bv‡qK 152 gvn&gy` ‡nv‡mb* †m±i-4 MYevwnbx
117 Ave`ym QvËvi* j¨vÝ bv‡qK 153 wbjgwY miKvi* †m±i-4 MYevwnbx
118 Aveyj evmvi* wmcvB 154 RMZ ‡R¨vwZ `vm* †m±i-5 MYevwnbx
119 Ave`yj gwR` wmcvB 155 wmivRyj Bmjvg* †m±i-5 MYevwnbx
120 Avbmvi Avjx* wmcvB 156 Bqvwgb ‡PŠayix †m±i-5 MYevwnbx
121 †gvnv¤§` Dj¬v* wmcvB 157 gwZDi ingvb †m±i-5 MYevwnbx
122 AvZvnvi Avjx gwj¬K* wmcvB 158 Avãym mvgv`* †m±i-6 MYevwnbx
123 Ave`yj ‡gvZvwje wmcvB 159 G.wU.Gg nvwg`yj ‡nvmvBb †m±i-7 MYevwnbx
124 †mivR wgTv* wmcvB 160 AveyeKi wmwÏKx* †m±i-7 MYevwnbx
125 Ave`yj AvwRg wmcvB 161 †gvnv¤§` Bw`Öm Avjx Lvb †m±i-7 MYevwnbx
126 †gvnv¤§` gnmxb wmcvB 162 †gvnv¤§` Lvwj` mvBdywÏb* †m±i-8 MYevwnbx
127 AvwgbDj¬vn& ‡kL †bŠ evwnbx G we 163 Gg.G. gvbœvb †m±i-8 MYevwnbx
164 †ZŠwdK Gjvnx ‡PŠayix †m±i-8 gnKygv Awdmvi
128 Gg. GBP. ‡gvj¬v* †bŠ evwnbx G we 165 wLwRi Avjx †m±i-9 MYevwnbx
129 gwneyj¬vn* †bŠ evwnbx G we 166 AvjZvd ‡nvmvBb* †m±i-9 MYevwnbx
130 dwi` DwÏb Avn‡g`* †bŠ evwnbx Avi B Gb 167 †gvnv¤§` BDmyd †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
131 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj gv‡jK †bŠ evwnbx wmg¨vb 168 †gvnv¤§` Lyiivg* †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
132 †gvnv¤§` Avãyi ingvb †bŠ evwnbx Gm wU Wwe¬D wW 169 †gvnv¤§` Rvjvj DwÏb* †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
133 G. Wwe¬D. ‡PŠayix †bŠ evwnbx mve‡gwibvi 170 Avgvbyj¬vn Kwei* †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
134 Ave`yi iwKe wgTv* †bŠ evwnbx Gg B 171 b~i Bmjvg †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
135 ‰mq` gbmyi Avjx wegvbevwnbx d¬vBU mv‡R©›U 172 kIKZ Avjx miKvi †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
136 Ave`yj gvbœvb* Kb‡÷ej cywjk 173 Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
137 †ZŠwn`* Kb‡÷ej cywjk 174 †gvnv¤§` kvn&Rvnvb †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
138 gvneye DwÏb Avn‡g` †m±i-8 gnKygv cywjk Awdmvi 175 †gvnv¤§` nvweeyi ingvb †m±i-11 MYevwnbx
19
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
Kªg bvg †m±i c`ex 35 IqvKvi nvmvb †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
36 gvmy`yi ingvb †m±i-6 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
01 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj gwZb m`i `ßi Gm ‡dvm© †gRi 37 Rwni“j nK Lvb †m±i-4 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
02 Avey Zv‡ni mvjvDwÏb †mbv m`i †gRi 38 IqvjxDj Bmjvg †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
03 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj gwZb AwabvqK, 11 B÷ ‡e½j †gRi 39 kIKZ Avjx †m±i-1 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
04 †gvnv¤§` gwZDi ingvb †m±i-3 †gRi 40 †gvmvwÏi ‡nvmvBb Lvb †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
05 Gg. AvBbDwÏb AwabvqK, 9g B÷ ‡e½j †gRi 41 iIkb BqvR`vbx fyuBqv †m±i-8 †jd‡Ub¨v›U
06 AvKei ‡nv‡mb †m±i-2 †gRi 42 Rvnv½xi Imgvb †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U
07 bRi“j nK †m±i-6 †gRi 43 †gvnv¤§` b~i“j nK my‡e`vi ‡gRi
08 eRjyj Mwb cv‡Uvqvix †RW. ‡dvm© †gRi 44 nvwim wgTv my‡e`vi ‡gRi
09 Ave`yi iwk` †m±i-7 K¨v‡Þb 45 Ave`yj gwR` my‡e`vi ‡gRi
10 knx`yj Bmjvg †m±i-2 K¨v‡Þb 46 †gvnv¤§` Bw`Öm wgqv my‡e`vi ‡gRi
11 ‰mq` gBbywÏb Avn‡g` Gm. ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb 47 b~i“j AvwRg ‡PŠayix my‡e`vi ‡gRi
12 AvKZvi Avn‡g` †m±i-2 K¨v‡Þb 48 †gvnv¤§` Avjx 8g B÷ ‡e½j my‡e`vi ‡gRi
13 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb †RW. ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb 49 †gvnv¤§` Aveyj evmvi* my‡e`vi
14 †`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb †m±i-6 K¨v‡Þb 50 Ave`yj ReŸvi my‡e`vi
15 wmZviv ‡eMg †m±i-2 K¨v‡Þb 51 Avjx ‡bIqvR my‡e`vi
16 w``vi“j Avjg †RW ‡dvm© K¨v‡Þb 52 †gvnv¤§` nvwdR my‡e`vi
17 G.Gg. iv‡k` ‡PŠayix †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 53 Rvjvj Avn‡g` my‡e`vi
18 ‰mq` ‡gvnv¤§` BeÖvwng Gm. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 54 †gvnv¤§` kvgmyj nK my‡e`vi
19 Gg. nvi“byi ikx` †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 55 Ave`yj nvwKg my‡e`vi
20 Be‡b dRj ew`D¾vgvb* Gm. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 56 Kig Avjx nvIjv`vi my‡e`vi
21 bRi“j Bmjvg f~uBqv Gm. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 57 ew`Di ingvb my‡e`vi
22 ûgvqyb Kwei ‡PŠayix †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 58 Ave`yj ReŸvi my‡e`vi
23 †gvnv¤§` kwdDj¬vn †m±i-8 †jd‡Ub¨v›U 59 Aveyj nv‡kg ‡m±i-2 my‡e`vi
24 KvRx mv¾v` Avjx Rwni †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 60 Pvub wgqv 2q B÷ ‡e½j my‡e`vi
25 gvneye Avjg †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 61 Gg.G. gwZb ‡PŠayix †m±i-4 my‡e`vi
26 mvC` Avn‡g` Gm. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 62 iwQe Avjx †m±i-4 my‡e`vi
27 AwjK Kygvi ¸ß †m±i-8 †jd‡Ub¨v›U 63 AvdZve ‡nvmvBb †m±i-11 my‡e`vi
28 ggZvR nvmvb †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 64 Ave`yj jwZd bv‡qe my‡e`vi
29 †K.Gg. AveyeKi †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 65 Aveyj nv‡mg bv‡qe my‡e`vi
30 wgRvbyi ingvb wgTv †m±i-11 †jd‡Ub¨v›U 66 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj gwZb* 2q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi
31 Zv‡ni Avn‡g` †m±i-1 †jd‡Ub¨v›U 67 AvjZvd ‡nvmvBb Lvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
32 gbRyi Avn‡g` †RW. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 68 †gvnv¤§` bvwRg DwÏb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
33 mvgmyj Avjg †jd‡Ub¨v›U 69 †gvnv¤§` ‡nvmvBb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
34 Rvwgj DwÏb Avn&mvb †K. ‡dvm© †jd‡Ub¨v›U 70 g½j wgqv bv‡qe my‡e`vi

20
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
71 Ave`yj ReŸvi Lvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi 107 mvB`yj Avjg bv‡qK
72 Kwei Avn‡g` bv‡qe my‡e`vi 108 Ave`yj Inve bv‡qK
73 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj KyÏym bv‡qe my‡e`vi 109 knx`yj¬vn bv‡qK
74 wMqvm DwÏb bv‡qe my‡e`vi 110 Ave`yj ev‡Zb bv‡qK
75 †gvnv¤§` ‡iRvDj nK bv‡qe my‡e`vi 111 wmivRyj nK* bv‡qK
76 gbmyi Avjx bv‡qe my‡e`vi 112 Ave`~b b~i* bv‡qK
77 Ave`yj ReŸvi bv‡qe my‡e`vi 113 †gvnv¤§` bvwmi DwÏb bv‡qK
78 †nvmvBb Avjx ZvjyK`vi bv‡qe my‡e`vi 114 wmKv›`i Avn‡g` bv‡qK
79 gymwjg DwÏb Gwm 8g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 115 †Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv bv‡qK
80 gwbi Avn‡g` Lvb 14 B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 116 Aveyj Kvjvg bv‡qK
81 KvRx AvKgj Avjx †m±i-3 bv‡qe my‡e`vi 117 Aveyj evkvi j¨vÝ bv‡qK
82 Avjx AvKei 3q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 118 ZvRyj Bmjvg j¨vÝ bv‡qK
83 Aveyj Kvjvg 3q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 119 Ave`~i iv¾vK j¨vÝ bv‡qK
84 Ave`yj nvB 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 120 Awjgyj Bmjvg j¨vÝ bv‡qK
85 †Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g` 2q B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qe my‡e`vi 121 Avwjg~j Bmjvg j¨vÝ bv‡qK
86 mvBdywÏb nvwej`vi 122 gwZDi ingvb j¨vÝ bv‡qK
87 i“ûj Avwgb nvwej`vi 123 kvnveywÏb* j¨vÝ bv‡qK
88 Ave`yj Mdyi nvwej`vi 124 kvnRvjvj Avn‡g` j¨vÝ bv‡qK
89 Ave`ym ‡mvenvb nvwej`vi 125 Avjx Avn‡g` j¨vÝ bv‡qK
90 Iqv‡R` Avjx wgTv nvwej`vi 126 Ave`yj gvbœvb j¨vÝ bv‡qK
91 mwdKyj Bmjvg nvwej`vi 127 †gvnv¤§` Bw`Öm j¨vÝ bv‡qK
92 Ave`yj jwZd nvwej`vi 128 Ave`yj gvbœvb wmcvB
93 †gvRv‡¤§j nK nvwej`vi 129 ewmi Avn‡g` wmcvB
94 Avey Zv‡ni nvwej`vi 130 Aveyj nv‡mg wmcvB
95 wmivR wgTv nvwej`vi 131 Ave`yj ev‡Zb wmcvB
96 Ave`yj AvIqvj nvwej`vi 132 Ave`yj Lv‡jK wmcvB
97 gwbi“j Bmjvg nvwej`vi 133 Ave`yj gwR` wmcvB
98 gym‡jn DwÏb nvwej`vi 134 †gvnv¤§` AvwgbDj¬vn wmcvB
99 Ave`yj gv‡jK nvwej`vi 135 †Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv wmcvB
100 mv‡ne wgTv nvwej`vi 136 †gvnv¤§` wmwÏK wmcvB
101 b~i ‡gvnv¤§`* nvwej`vi 137 G.we.Gg. gwkDj Avjg wmcvB
102 †gvnv¤§` gKeyj ‡nvmvBb 1g B÷ ‡e½j nvwej`vi 138 †gvnv¤§` BmgvBj* wmcvB
103 gwbi Avn‡g` 2q B÷ ‡e½j nvwej`vi 139 Lwjjyi ingvb wmcvB
104 wgRvbyi ingvb 2q B÷ ‡e½j nvwej`vi 140 †gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv wmcvB
105 †mvbv wgTv 2q B÷ ‡e½j nvwej`vi 141 Ave`yj Iqvwn` wmcvB
106 †gvnv¤§` wej¬vj DwÏb bv‡qK K¬vK© 142 dvi“K Avn‡g` cv‡Uvqvix wmcvB

21
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
143 Gbvgyj nK wmcvB 179 Lyi‡k` Avjg my‡e`vi
144 †gvnv¤§` GRvRyj nK Lvb wmcvB 180 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj MvRx my‡e`vi
145 Avmv` wgTv 8g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 181 Gm.G. wmwÏK bv‡qe my‡e`vi
146 †`‡jvqvi ‡nvmvBb 1g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 182 Avnmvb Dj¬vn bv‡qe my‡e`vi
147 Ave`yj Kv‡`i 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 183 †kL my‡jgvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
148 Ave`yj ev‡mZ* 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 184 AvBbywÏb Avn‡g` bv‡qe my‡e`vi
149 KvRx ‡gvi‡k`yj Avjg* 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 185 †gvnv¤§` iDd gRyg`vi bv‡qe my‡e`vi
150 Ave`yj KyÏym* 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 186 †gvnv¤§` jwb wgqv ‡`Iqvb bv‡qe my‡e`vi
151 Avey gymwjg †m±i-2 wmcvB 187 Ave`yj gv‡jK ‡PŠayix bv‡qe my‡e`vi
152 iwdKyj Bmjvg †m±i-2 wmcvB 188 b~i“j û`v bv‡qe my‡e`vi
153 eRjy wgTv* †m±i-4 wmcvB 189 gKeyj Avjx bv‡qe my‡e`vi
154 Kvgvj DwÏb †m±i-4 190 ggZvR wgqv nvwej`vi
155 Avwgi ‡nv‡mb* 191 jvjy wgqv nvwej`vi
156 †gvnv¤§` BmnvK* 10 B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 192 Avey Zv‡ni nvwej`vi
157 ev`kv wgTv 10 B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB 193 †gvnv¤§` BeÖvwng nvwej`vi
158 nvi“b-Ai-iwk` †m±i-3 wmcvB 194 †gveviK ‡nv‡mb nvwej`vi
159 AvwRRyj nK gyRvwn` 195 Ave`yj nvwjg nvwej`vi
160 †gvkviid ‡nv‡mb evOvj ‡m±i-2 gyRvwn` 196 mv‡q` Avjx nvwej`vi
161 Ryjdy wgTv 9g B÷ ‡e½j gyRvwn` 197 Ave`yi iDd kixd nvwej`vi
162 Ave`yj KyÏym MvRx* †m±i-2 gyRvwn` 198 Ave`yj nv‡mg nvwej`vi
163 Iqvwjj ‡nv‡mb* gyRvwn` 199 Ave`yj nvwjg nvwej`vi
164 †mivRyj Bmjvg* †m±i-2 gyRvwn` 200 Ave`yj AvDqvj nvwej`vi
165 Avjx AvKei †m±i-2 gyRvwn` 201 AvwRRyi ingvb nvwej`vi
166 ev”Py wgTv 4_© B÷ ‡e½j gyRvwn` 202 dRjyj nK nvwej`vi
167 Ave`ym mvjvg* 8g B÷ ‡e½j gyRvwn` 203 IqvwRDj¬vn nvwej`vi
168 †gvnv¤§` Imgvb Mwb B wc Avi 204 jyrdi ingvb nvwej`vi
169 gyRvddi Avn‡g` my‡e`vi ‡gRi 205 Ave`yi ingvb nvwej`vi
170 †ZveviK Dj¬vn my‡e`vi ‡gRi 206 Iqvwn`yi ingvb nvwej`vi
171 Ave`yj Rwjj wkK`vi my‡e`vi ‡gRi 207 Avmv` Avjx nvwej`vi
172 Lvqi“j evmvi my‡e`vi 208 Ave`yi iwk` nvwej`vi
173 nvmvb DwÏb Avn‡g` my‡e`vi 209 Ave`yj ‡nv‡mb nvwej`vi
174 †Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv my‡e`vi 210 Ave`yj Mvddvi* nvwej`vi
175 Avn‡g` ‡nv‡mb my‡e`vi 211 Kv‡Qg Avjx nvIjv`vi nvwej`vi
176 Ave`yj gv‡jK my‡e`vi 212 †gvnv¤§` BqvKye Avjx bv‡qK
177 †Mvjvg ‡nv‡mb my‡e`vi 213 mv‡q`yj nK bv‡qK
178 gvRnvi“j nK my‡e`vi 214 †gvnv¤§` ‡jvKgvb* bv‡qK

22
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
215 Ave`yj gvbœvb Lvb bv‡qK 251 †gvnv¤§` kwid* wmcvB
216 Ave`yj Iqvwn` bv‡qK 252 b~i“j nK* wmcvB
217 mwdK DwÏb Avn‡g` bv‡qK 253 ¸j ‡gvnv¤§` fyuBqv* wmcvB
218 bRi“j Bmjvg bv‡qK 254 Ave`yj gvbœvb wmcvB
219 AvZvnvi Avjx bv‡qK 255 Bwjqvmyi ingvb wmcvB
220 Avngv`yi ingvb bv‡qK 256 Ave`yj Rwjj wmcvB
221 Ave`yj gv‡jK bv‡qK 257 mvwR`yi ingvb wmcvB
222 RvwKi ‡nv‡mb bv‡qK 258 dvi“K j¯‹i wmcvB
223 gyKZvi Avjx bv‡qK 259 Ave`yj gv‡jK* wmcvB
224 iwk` Avjx* bv‡qK 260 Rvnv½xi ‡nv‡mb wmcvB
225 Ave`yj Iqv‡R` bv‡qK 261 ev”Py wgTv wmcvB
226 nvweeyi ingvb bv‡qK 262 Ave`yj Iqvnve wmcvB
227 †Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g` bv‡qK 263 Ave`yj nv‡mg* wmMbvjg¨vb
228 `y`y wgTv bv‡qK 264 Avjx AvKei wmcvB-KyK
229 Avjx AvKei ‡m±i-5 bv‡qK 265 Avey mv‡jK 9g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
230 AvZvDi ingvb 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qK 266 nhiZ Avjx 1g B÷ ‡e½j wmcvB
231 Ave`yj nK 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qK 267 Avkivd Avjx Lvb wmcvB
232 mwdKyi ingvb bv‡qK 268 ZwiKyj Bmjvg wmcvB
233 †`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb bv‡qK 269 mwdDwÏb wmcvB
234 †`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb bv‡qK 270 mvB`yi ingvb wmcvB
235 gwdRyi ingvb bv‡qK 271 †gvnv¤§` Bw`Öm †m±i-7 gyw³evwnbx
236 bvbœy wgqv bv‡qK 272 bRi“j Bmjvg †bŠ-evwnbx Gg B Avi
237 †gv¯—dv Kvgvj bv‡qK 273 †gvnv¤§` ingZ Dj¬vn †bŠ-evwnbx Pxd Avi B G
238 MvRx Ave`yj Iqvwn` bv‡qK 274 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj nvwKg †bŠ-evwnbx G we
239 †dviKvb DwÏb bv‡qK 275 Ave`yj AvDqvj †bŠ-evwnbx we.I.Avi.Gm.
240 Ave`yj ReŸvi 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qK 276 †gvdv¾j ‡nv‡mb †bŠ-evwnbx Gj wU I
241 wmivRyj Bmjvg 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qK 277 G.Gm. fyuBqv †bŠ-evwnbx Gj wU I
242 iwe Dj¬vn 1g B÷ ‡e½j bv‡qK 278 AvnmvbDj¬vn †bŠ-evwnbx Gg B Avi
243 ZvRyj Bmjvg 1g B÷ ‡e½j j¨vÝ bv‡qK 279 Gg. m`i DwÏb †m±i-6 †¯‹vqvWÖ©b wjWvi
244 BDmyd Avjx 1g B÷ ‡e½j j¨vÝ bv‡qK 280 Gg. nvwg`Dj¬vn Lvb †m±i-11 †¯‹vqvWÖ©b wjWvi
245 Ave`yi ingvb 2q B÷ ‡e½j j¨vÝ bv‡qK 281 mwn` Dj¬vn wegvbevwnbx mv‡R©›U
246 Ave`yj nvB 2q B÷ ‡e½j j¨vÝ bv‡qK 282 wg. nK wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj
247 †gvnv¤§` gvLb Lvb wmcvB 283 i“¯—g Avjx wegvbevwnbx Gj I wm
248 †gvnv¤§` kvnRvnvb wmcvB 284 ‰mq` iwdKyj Bmjvg wegvbevwnbx mv‡R©›U
249 mvgmyj nK wmcvB 285 Rqbvj Av‡e`xb wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj
250 iweDj nK* wmcvB 286 bRi“j Bmjvg wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj

23
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
287 Avjx Avkivd wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj 323 bIqve wgTv* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
288 †kL AvwRRyi ingvb wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj 324 gvwbK* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
289 †iRIqvb Avjx wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj 325 mvgmyj Avjg wdUvi †m±i-2 Gd Gd
290 †njvjD¾vgvb wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj 326 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb †m±i-2 Gd Gd
291 iZb kixd wegvbevwnbx K‡c©vivj 327 AvjgMxi Kwig* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
292 †gvnv¤§` myjvBgvb Kb‡÷ej 328 gwgb* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
293 wbRvgywÏb* Kb‡÷ej 329 Aveyj ‡nv‡mb* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
294 dvi“K-B-AvRg †m±i-1 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 330 †gvnv¤§` knx`yj¬vn* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
295 †gvnv¤§` ‡Lvi‡k` Avjg †m±i-10 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 331 b~i“j nK* †m±i-2 Gd Gd
296 †gvt byi“j nK †m±i-1 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 332 iwdKyj Bmjvg †m±i-2 Gd Gd
297 †gvt Avwgi ‡nv‡mb †m±i-1 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 333 gwgbyj nK fyuBqv †m±i-2 Gd Gd
298 Gm.Gg. gvIjv †m±i-1 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 334 †gvnv¤§` BeÖvnxg Lvb †m±i-2 Gd Gd
299 G.‡K.Gg. BmnvK †m±i-1 BwÄwbqvi 335 †mivR DwÏb Avn‡g` †m±i-2 Gd Gd
300 †gvnv¤§` ‡nv‡mb* †m±i-1 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 336 †gvt ‰Zqe Avjx †m±i-2 Gd Gd
301 †gvnv¤§` gwZDi ingvb †m±i-9 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 337 Ave`ym mvgv` †m±i-2 Gd Gd
302 †gvnv¤§` kvnRvnvb Kwei †m±i-2 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 338 evnviDwÏb ‡iRv †m±i-2 Gd Gd
303 gwgbDj¬vn cv‡Uvqvix †m±i-2 †bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv 339 Rvgvj †m±i-2 Gd Gd
304 G.Gm.Gg.G. Lv‡jK wegvbevwnbx cÖv³b K¨v‡Þb wcAvBG 340 †gvnv¤§` Avkivd †m±i-3 Gd Gd
305 AvjgMxi Ave`ym mvËvi wegvbevwnbx cÖv³b K¨v‡Þb wcAvBG 341 Ave`ym mvjvg †m±i-3 Gd Gd
306 Ave`yj gywKZ wegvbevwnbx cÖv³b K¨v‡Þb wcAvBG 342 iwdKyj nK †m±i-3 Gd Gd
307 wMqvmDwÏb †m±i-2 Gd Gd 343 byi“j Bmjvg Lvb cvVvb †m±i-3 Gd Gd
308 †Mvjvg `¯—Mxi MvRx †m±i-2 Gd Gd 344 kvnRvnvb gRyg`vi †m±i-3 Gd Gd
309 gymyi“j Avjg `yjvj †m±i-2 Gd Gd 345 G.‡K.Gg. wgivRDwÏb †m±i-3 Gd Gd
310 Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Lvb †m±i-2 Gd Gd 346 gvndyRyi ingvb* †m±i-3 Gd Gd
311 gynv¤§` wRqv †m±i-2 Gd Gd 347 Avwgi ‡nv‡mb †m±i-3 Gd Gd
312 gynv¤§` RvwKi †m±i-2 Gd Gd 348 gwdRyj Bmjvg †m±i-4 Gd Gd
313 gvngy` †m±i-2 Gd Gd 349 G.‡K.Gg. AvwZKyj Bmjvg †m±i-4 Gd Gd
314 †kL Ave`yj gvbœvb †m±i-2 Gd Gd 350 Avkivdyj nK †m±i-4 Gd Gd
315 nvweeyj Avjg †m±i-2 Gd Gd 351 gvneyeyi ie mv`x †m±i-4 Gd Gd
316 G.Gg. ‡gvnv¤§` BmnvK †m±i-2 Gd Gd 352 iwdK DwÏb* †m±i-4 Gd Gd
317 Wwe¬D.G.Gm. IqvWvij¨vÛ †m±i-2 Gd Gd 353 byi“wÏb Avn‡g`* †m±i-4 Gd Gd
318 †gvnv¤§` G. AvwRR †m±i-2 Gd Gd 354 wmivRyj Bmjvg †m±i-5 Gd Gd
319 Lvqi“j Rvnvb* †m±i-2 Gd Gd 355 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj gwR` †m±i-5 Gd Gd
320 †mwjg AvKei* †m±i-2 Gd Gd 356 dLi“wÏb ‡PŠayix †m±i-5 Gd Gd
321 Avãyj¬v‡nj evKx* †m±i-2 Gd Gd 357 Gg.G. nvwjg †m±i-5 Gd Gd
322 †gvRv‡¤§j nK †m±i-2 Gd Gd 358 Bbvgyj nK ‡PŠayix †m±i-5 Gd Gd

24
m~wPcÎ |

c`KcÖvß gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZvwjKv

exi cÖZxK
359 †gvnv¤§` Bw`Öm †m±i-5 Gd Gd 395 fyuBqv †m±i-11 Gd Gd
360 †gvnv¤§` e`i“¾vgvb †m±i-5 Gd Gd 396 b~i Bmjvg †m±i-11 Gd Gd
361 nvwQi DwÏb miKvi †m±i-5 Gd Gd 397 ewki Avn‡g` †m±i-11 Gd Gd
362 Ave`yj nvB miKvi †m±i-5 Gd Gd 398 AvwbQyj nK AvL›` †m±i-11 Gd Gd
363 Gg.G. miKvi †m±i-6 Gd Gd 399 gwZDi ingvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
364 G.‡K.Gg. gvneyeyi ingvb †m±i-7 Gd Gd 400 †gvnv¤§` Rûi“j nK gywÝ †m±i-11 Gd Gd
365 †gvnv¤§` gnmxb Avjx mi`vi †m±i-7 Gd Gd 401 Aveyj Kvjvg Gd Gd
366 †gvnv¤§` AvRv` Avjx †m±i-7 Gd Gd 402 †gvnv¤§` gvneye Gjvnx iÄy Gd Gd
367 †gvt b~i nvwgg †m±i-7 Gd Gd 403 G.wU.Gg. Lv‡j` Gd Gd
368 †gvt ew`D¾vgvb †m±i-7 Gd Gd 404 †gvnv¤§` b~i“j nK †m±i-11 Gd Gd
369 †Mvjvg AvRv` †m±i-8 Gd Gd 405 Ave`yj¬vn Avj gvngy` †m±i-11 Gd Gd
370 m`i DwÏb Avn‡g`* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 406 evnvi †m±i-11 Gd Gd
371 Avãyi iwng* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 407 ‰mq` m`i“¾vgvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
372 bvwQi DwÏb* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 408 †ejvj ‡nv‡mb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
373 nvweeyi ingvb* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 409 †gvnv¤§` Gbv‡qZ ‡nv‡mb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
374 bRi“j Bmjvg* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 410 Iqv‡iQvZ ‡nv‡mb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
375 nvi“byi ikx`* †m±i-8 Gd Gd 411 mvLvIqvr ‡nv‡mb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
376 Ave`yj gv‡jK †m±i-9 Gd Gd 412 wgRvbyi ingvb Lvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
377 nvRvix jvj Zid`vi †m±i-9 Gd Gd 413 nvweeyi ingvb ZvjyK`vi †m±i-11 Gd Gd
378 kvgmywÏb Avn‡g`* †m±i-9 Gd Gd 414 †Lvi‡k` Avjg ZvjyK`vi †m±i-11 Gd Gd
379 BkwZqvK ‡nv‡mb †m±i-9 Gd Gd 415 dRjyj nK †m±i-11 Gd Gd
380 †K.Gg. iwdKyj Bmjvg* †m±i-9 Gd Gd 416 Ave`yj Mdyi wgqv †m±i-11 Gd Gd
381 w``vi Avjx* †m±i-9 Gd Gd 417 †gvnv¤§` Ave`yj¬vn †m±i-11 Gd Gd
382 †gvnv¤§` ‡Mvjvg BqvKye †m±i-9 Gd Gd 418 Ave`yj nvwKg †m±i-11 Gd Gd
383 Ave`yj Avjxg †m±i-9 Gd Gd 419 ‰mq` ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv †m±i-11 Gd Gd
384 KyÏym ‡gvj¬v †m±i-9 Gd Gd 420 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb cvnvox †m±i-11 Gd Gd
385 Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mb †m±i-9 Gd Gd 421 Qv‡q`yi ingvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
386 iwdKyj Avnmvb †m±i-9 Gd Gd 422 nvwg`yj nK †m±i-11 Gd Gd
387 †K.Gm.G gwnDwÏb (gvwbK) †m±i-9 Gd Gd 423 d‡qRyi ingvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
388 iwdKyj Bmjvg †m±i-9 Gd Gd 424 †gvnv¤§` Lmi“ wgqv †m±i-11 Gd Gd
389 †`e`vm wek¦vm(‡LvKb) †m±i-9 Gd Gd 425 knx`yj Bmjvg †m±i-11 Gd Gd
390 G.wU.Gg. Lv‡j` †m±i-11 Gd Gd 426 AvwbQyi ingvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
391 Rwni“j nK gyÝx †m±i-11 Gd Gd
392 †gvnv¤§` AvwbQyi ingvb †m±i-11 Gd Gd
393 Ave`yj gwR` †m±i-11 Gd Gd
394 †gvmv¤§r Zvivgb ‡eMg †m±i-11 Gd Gd m~Î : evsjv DBwKwcwWqv I gyw³hy× DBwKqv

25
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cuvP wgwjqb †jvK ev¯‘wfUv †Q‡o †Kb cvwj‡q †M‡Q †m
MYnZ¨v
gg©vwš—K Kvwnbx wb‡q cvwK¯—vb †_‡K G‡m‡Qb mvb‡W UvBg‡mi
wi‡cvU©vi|
gv‡P©i †kl †_‡K cvK‡mbviv cwiKwíZfv‡e nvRvi nvRvi
†jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i P‡j‡Q| gv‡P©i †kl †_‡K †cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi msev`-avgvPvcv-†`qvi †cQ‡bi gg©vwš—K
Kvwnbx n‡jv GB| K‡jiv Avi `ywf©¶ wb‡qI cuvP wgwjqb
g~j : A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm †jv‡Ki c~e© cvwK¯—vb †_‡K †ewi‡q fvi‡Z P‡j Avmvi GB
n‡jv KviY|
Abyev` : dvnwg`yj nK
mvb‡W UvBg‡mi cvwK¯—vb-cÖwZwbwa A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm GB
cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv wbieZvi c`©v D‡b¥vPb Ki‡jb| wZwb †mLv‡b
cvK‡mbv‡`i KxwZ©Kjvc †`‡L‡Qb| wZwb cvwK¯—vb †Q‡o
G‡m‡Qb wek¦evmx‡K †mme Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨| †mbvevwnbx ïay
¯^vaxbZv-c~e© evsjv ev evsjv‡`k aviYvi mg_©K‡`iB nZ¨v
Ki‡Q bv| †¯^”QvK„Zfv‡e Lyb Kiv n‡”Q wn›`y I evOvwj
gymjgvb mevB‡K| wn›`y‡`i ¸wj K‡i ev wcwU‡q gviv n‡”Q
Zviv †Kej wn›`y e‡jB| R¡vwj‡q †`qv n‡”Q MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg|
A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnv‡mi wi‡cv‡U©i †cQ‡bI i‡q‡Q GKwU
`vi“Y Mí|
gv‡P©i †k‡li w`‡K c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b `yB wWwfkb cvK‡mbv
†Mvc‡b cvVv‡bv nq we‡`ªvnx‡`i ÔLuy‡R †ei KivÕi Rb¨| wKš‘
`y-mßvn c‡i cvwK¯—vb miKvi AvURb cvwK¯—vbx mvsevw`K‡K
Avgš¿Y Rvbvq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b D‡o hvevi Rb¨| miKvwi
Kg©KZ©v‡`i gva¨‡g mvsevw`K‡`i cÖfvweZ K‡i cwðg cvwK¯—
v‡bi RbMY‡K GB aviYv †`qvB Gi D‡Ïk¨ wQj †h, †`‡ki
c~e©vs‡k ÔmewKQy ¯^vfvweK n‡q G‡m‡QÕ| mvZRb mvsevw`K
Zv‡`i K_vg‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zv K‡ibwb GKRbÑ
wZwb n‡jb KivwPi gwb©s wbDR cwÎKvi mnKvix m¤úv`K I
mvb‡W UvBg‡mi cvwK¯—vb-cÖwZwbwa A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm|
18 †g g½jevi wZwb AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e G‡m nvwRi nb jÛb¯’
w` mvb‡W UvBg‡mi Kvh©vj‡q| Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb, c~e© evsjv
†Q‡o cuvP wgwjqb †jvK‡K †Kb P‡j †h‡Z n‡q‡Q Zvi †cQ‡bi
Kvwnbx| wZwb †mvRvmvÞvfv‡e Rvbv‡jb GB Kvwnbx| GB
Kvwnbx †jLvi ci Zvi c‡¶ Avi KivwP wd‡i hvIqv m¤¢e n‡e
bv| wZwb Rvbv‡jb wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b Avi wd‡i bv-hvevi e¨vcv‡i
gbw¯’i K‡i‡Qb; GRb¨ Zv‡K Zvi evwo, Zvi m¤úwË, Ges
cvwK¯—v‡bi me‡P‡q m¤§vbxq GKRb
mvsevw`‡Ki gh©v`vi gvqv Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi
gvÎ GKwU kZ© wQj: cvwK¯—v‡b wM‡q Zvi ¯¿x Ges
cuvP mš—vb‡K wb‡q wd‡i bv Avmv ch©š— Avgiv †hb Zvi
wi‡cvU© cÖKvk bv Kwi|
mvb‡W UvBgm ivwR nq Ges wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b wd‡i hvb| `k
w`b A‡c¶v Kivi ci mvb‡W UvBg‡mi GK Gw·wKDwU‡fi
e¨w³MZ wVKvbvq GKwU ˆe‡`wkK ZvievZ©v Av‡m| Zv‡Z †jLv
wQj, ÒAvmvi cÖ¯‘wZ m¤úbœ, †mvgevi RvnvR Qvo‡e|Ó
†`kZ¨vM Kivi e¨vcv‡i ¯¿x I mš—vb‡`i AbygwZ †c‡Z
g¨vmKv‡ibnvm mdj nb| Zvi †`kZ¨v‡Mi e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv
wQj| Z‡e wZwb †Kv‡bviK‡g GKUv iv¯—v †c‡q hvb| cvwK¯—
v‡bi †fZ‡i hvÎvi †kl ch©v‡q wZwb †c¬‡b GKRb Z_¨
gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©v‡K †`L‡Z cvb hv‡K wZwb fv‡jvg‡ZvB
wPb‡Zb| Gqvi‡cvU© †_‡K GKwU †dvbKj Zv‡K †MÖdZvi
Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó wQj| Z‡e †Kv‡bv †dvbKj nqwb Ges wZwb
g½jevi jÛ‡b G‡m †cuŠQvb|
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b g¨vmKv‡ibnvm we‡kl KZ…©Z¡- I wbi‡c¶Zv-
mnKv‡i hv †`‡L‡Qb Zv wj‡L‡Qb| wZwb †Mvqvi GKRb f`ª
wLª÷vb, wZwb wn›`y ev gymjgvb †Kv‡bvUvB bb| Rxe‡bi
AwaKvsk mgq KvwU‡q‡Qb cvwK¯—v‡b| 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi
D™¢‡ei ci †_‡KB wZwb cvwK¯—v‡bi cvm‡cvU©avix| †mmgq
†_‡K wZwb cvwK¯—v‡bi A‡bK †bZvi Av¯’v AR©b K‡i‡Qb Ges
GB wi‡cvU© wjL‡Qb mwZ¨Kv‡ii e¨w³MZ `ytL‡eva †_‡K|
wZwb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q e‡jb, ÒZ_¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©viv
Avgv‡`i Rvbvb †mbvevwnbx †h weivU †`k‡cÖ‡gi KvR Ki‡Q,
e¨vcviUv †mfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z|Ó wZwb Zvi cÖwZ‡e`‡bi
Rb¨ hv †`‡L‡Qb Ges wi‡cvU© K‡i‡Qb †m-m¤ú‡K© †Kvb
m‡›`nB _vK‡Z cv‡i bv | Zv‡K GKwU wi‡cvU© †jLvi AbygwZ
†`qv nq hv mvb‡W UvBg‡m 2 †g cÖKvwkZ nq| wi‡cvU©wU‡Z
†Kej gvP© 25/26-Gi NUbvi weeiY wQj, hLb evOvwj ˆmb¨iv
we‡`ªvn K‡i Ges AevOvwj‡`i wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡j|
GgbwK `ywf©‡¶i fqvenZvi cÖm½ ch©š— KZ…©c¶ †mÝi
K‡iwQj| G-e¨vcviwUB Zvi bxwZ‡eva‡K cxov w`w”Qj|
wKQyw`b c‡i, Zvi fvlvq, wZwb w¯’i Ki‡jb †h, ÔÔnq hv
†`‡LwQ Zvi cy•Lvbycy•L weeiY wjL‡ev, bq‡Zv †jLvB eÜ K‡i
†`‡ev; bB‡j mZZvi m‡½ Avi †jLv hv‡e bv|ÕÕ ZvB wZwb
26
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‡c¬‡b †P‡c‡Qb Ges jÛb P‡j G‡m‡Qb|
c~e© evsjv †_‡K Avmv kiYv_x© I wbi‡c¶ K~UbxwZwe`‡`i g‡a¨
hv‡`i Gme NUbv m¤ú‡K© we¯—„Z aviYv i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i Øviv Zvi
cÖwZ‡e`b Avgiv we¯—…Zfv‡e hvPvB Ki‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ|
DØv¯‘iv †Kb cvwj‡q‡Q: †mbvevwnbx c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b
hvevi c‡ii wefxwlKvi cÖ_g cÖZ¨¶`k©xi eY©bv
Ave`yj evix fv‡M¨i fimvq †`Šo w`‡qwQj| c~e© evsjvi Av‡iv
nvRvi gvby‡li g‡Zv †mI GKUv fyj K‡i †d‡jwQ‡jvÑ
mvsNvwZK fyjÑ I †`Šovw”Q‡jv cvK‡mbv‡`i GKwU Unj-
‡mbv`‡ji `„wómxgvi g‡a¨| cvK‡mbviv wN‡i `uvwo‡q‡Q GB
PweŸk eQ‡ii mvgvb¨ †jvK‡K| wbwðZ ¸wji gy‡L ‡m _i_wi‡q
Kuv‡c| ÔÔ‡KD hLb †`Š‡o cvjvq Zv‡K Avgiv mvaviYZ Lyb
K‡i †dwjÓ, 9g wWwfk‡bi wR-2 Acv‡ikbm-Gi †gRi
iv‡Vvi Avgv‡K gRv K‡i e‡jb| Kzwgj¬vi wek gvBj `w¶‡Y
gyRvdiMÄ bv‡g †QvÆ GKUv MÖv‡g Avgiv `vuwo‡q AvwQ| ÔÔI‡K
Avgiv †PK KiwQ †Kej Avcbvi LvwZ‡i| Avcwb GLv‡b bZzb
G‡m‡Qb, GQvov Avcbvi †c‡Ui cxov i‡q‡Q|Ó
ÔÔI‡K Lyb Ki‡Z †Kb?ÕÕ D‡Ø‡Mi m‡½ Avwg I‡K wR‡Ám
Kijvg|
ÔÔKviY nq I wn›`y, bq‡Zv we‡`ªvnx, g‡b nq QvÎ wKsev
AvIqvgx jxMvi | I‡`i †h LyRwQ Zv Iiv fvjg‡Zv Rv‡b Ges
†`Š‡oi gva¨‡g Zviv wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i|ÕÕ
ÔÔwKš‘ Zzwg I‡`i Lyb Ki‡Qv †Kb? wn›`y‡`iB ev LuyRQ †Kb?ÕÕ
Avwg Avevi wR‡Ám Kijvg | iv‡Vvi Zxeª K‡Ú e‡jb: ÔÔAvwg
†Zvgv‡K Aek¨B g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z PvB, Zviv cvwK¯—vb aŸsm
Kivi Kx iKg †Póv K‡i‡Q| GLb hy‡×i my‡hv‡M I‡`i †kl
K‡i †`qvi PgrKvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ|Ó
ÔÔAek¨,ÕÕ †m ZvovZvwo †hvM K‡i, ÔÔAvgiv ïay wn›`y‡`iB
gviwQ| Avgiv ˆmwbK, we‡`ªvnx‡`i g‡Zv Kvcyi“l bB| Zviv
Avgv‡`i igYx I wkï‡`i Lyb K‡i‡Q|ÕÕ
c~e© evsjvi k¨vgj f~wgi Ici Qwo‡q †`qv i‡³i Kj¼wPý¸wj
Avgvi †Pv‡L G‡K G‡K aiv cowQj| cÖ_‡g e¨vcviUv wQj
evOvwj‡`i cÖwZ eb¨ Av‡Kªv‡ki ewntcÖKvk wn‡m‡e AevOvwj‡`i
nZ¨v| GLb GB MYnZ¨v NUv‡bv n‡”Q cvK‡mbv‡`i Øviv
D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e| GB mymsMwVZ nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wkKvi wn›`yivB
ïay bq, hviv 75 wgwjqb RbmsL¨vi 10 kZvsk, eis nvRvi
nvRvi evOvwj gymjgvbivI| wek¦we`¨vjq I K‡j‡Ri QvÎ,
wk¶K, AvIqvgx jxM I evgcš’x ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jvi
m`m¨mn mevB Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| Ggb wK 176,000 Rb
evOvjx ˆmwbK I cywjk hviv 26†k gv‡P© Amg‡qvc‡hvMx I
`ye©j-m~Pbvi GKUv wec¬‡ei gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k MVb
Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj, Gi †fZ‡i ZvivI Av‡Q|
GwcÖ‡ji †kl w`‡K c~e© evsjvq `kw`‡b †PvL Avi Kv‡b
Awek¦vm¨ hvwKQy Avwg †`‡LwQ I ï‡bwQ Zv‡Z GUv fqvenfv‡e
cwi®‹vi †h GB nZ¨vKvÛ †mbv Kg©KZv©‡`i wew”Qbœ †Kv‡bv
Kvh©Kjvc bq| cvK †mbv‡`i Øviv evOvwj‡`i nZ¨vKvÛB
Aek¨ GKgvÎ mZ¨ bq| 25 gv‡P©i iv‡Z cvwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨ivB
GKgvÎ nZ¨vKvix wQj bv, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ˆmb¨ I
c¨vivwgwjUvwii m`m¨‡`i eb¨ Av‡Kªv‡ki wkKvi n‡q‡Q
AevOvwjiv| KZ…©c‡¶i †mÝi Avgv‡K GB Z_¨ Rvbv‡bvi
my‡hvM w`‡q‡Q| nvRvi nvRvi AfvMv gymwjg cwievi, hv‡`i
AwaKvskB 1947 m‡bi †`k wefv‡Mi mgq wenvi †_‡K
kiYv_x© wn‡k‡e cvwK¯—v‡b G‡mwQj, cÖvq wbwðý n‡q †M‡Q|
igYxiv awl©Z n‡q‡Q, we‡kl ai‡bi Qywi w`‡q †K‡U †bqv
n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ¯—b| GB fqvenZv †_‡K wkïivI i¶v cvqwb|
fvM¨evbiv evev-gvi m‡½B gviv †M‡Q; wKš‘ †PvL Dc‡o †djv
I A½cÖZ¨½ wbôyifv‡e wQu‡o †bqv nvRvi nvRvi wkïi mvg‡b
fwel¨Z GLb AwbwðZ| PÆMÖvg, Lyjbv I h‡kv‡ii g‡Zv
kni¸‡jv †_‡K 20,000-GiI †ewk AevOvwji g„Z‡`n cvIqv
†M‡Q| wbnZ‡`i mwZ¨Kv‡ii cwigvY, c~e© evsjvi me©Î Avwg
ï‡bwQ 100,000-Gi g‡Zv n‡Z cv‡i; KviY nvRvi nvRvi
g„Z‡`‡ni †Kv‡bv wPýB Lyu‡R cvIqv hvqwb|
cvK-miKvi IB cÖ_g fqvenZv m¤ú‡K© c„w_ex‡K Rvb‡Z
w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hv cÖKvk Ki‡Z †`qv nqwb Zv n‡jv, Zv‡`i
wb‡R‡`i †mbvewnbx †h-nZ¨vKvÛ NwU‡q‡Q Zv wQj wØZxq Ges
fqvenZg nZ¨vKvÛ| cvK-Kg©KZ©viv Dfq c¶ wgwj‡q
wbnZ‡`i msL¨v 250,000-Gi g‡Zv e‡j MYbv K‡i‡QÑ Gi
g‡a¨ `ywf©¶ Ges gnvgvwi‡Z g„Z‡`i aiv nqwb| †`‡ki
A‡a©‡KiI †ewk RbmsL¨v Aay¨wlZ cª‡`‡k mdj aŸsmKvÛ
Pvjv‡bvi gva¨‡g †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi mvgwiK miKvi c~e©
cvwK¯—vb-mgm¨v‡K Zvi wbR¯^ ÔPig mgvav‡biÕ w`‡K †V‡j
w`‡”Qb|
ÒAvgiv c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K G‡Kev‡i ms‡kvab Ki‡Z PvB Ges
wew”Qbœ nIqvi me ûgwK‡K i` Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv `„pcÖwZÁ,
Gi A_© hw` nq 20 j¶ †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv
Ges cÖ‡`kwU‡K 30 eQi a‡i K‡jvwb evwb‡q
ivLv, ZeyI,Ó Avgv‡K evievi G-K_v ïwb‡q‡Qb XvKv I
Kzwgj¬vi EaŸZ©b mvgwiK I miKvix Kg©KZ©ve„›`| c~e© evsjvq
cvK‡mbviv e¨vcKfv‡e I fqvenfv‡e wVK GB KvRwUB K‡i
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P‡jwQ (KviY, eyw×gvb cvK †mbviv c~e©evsjvq fe‡bi †fZ‡i
ivwÎ hvcb K‡i)| U‡qvUv j¨vÛ KªzRv‡ii †cQb †_‡K nVvr GK
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GjGgwR ZvK Ki‡jb `iRvi wecix‡Z| `y‡kv M‡RiI Kg
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cvjv‡Z †`Lv †Mj|
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wbi¯¿| I GKRb MÖvgevmx gvÎ|Ó
Avgvi w`‡K ev‡Rfv‡e ZvwK‡q iv‡Vvi GKUv mZK©Zvg~jK ¸wj
Ki‡jb| meyR av‡bi MvwjPvq †jvKUv KuyK‡o Xy‡K †h‡ZB
`yÕRb RIqvb GwM‡q †Mj Zv‡K †U‡b-wnuP‡o Avb‡Z|
e›`y‡Ki evU w`‡q AvNv‡Zi ci wRÁvmvev` ïi“ nj|
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gv‡K©‡U `wR©i KvR Kwi|Ó
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hvw”Qjvg|Ó
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cÖ‡kœi DËi †`evi c~‡e©B Zv‡K GKRb RIqvb †`n-Zj¬vmx
ïi“ Kij Ges Av‡iKRb `ª“Z Zvi jyw½ †U‡b Lyjj|
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gymjgvb‡`i Aek¨B Ki‡Z nq|
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Aš—tZc‡¶ GUv wbwðZfv‡e cÖgvY nj †h evix wn›`y bq|
ZviciI wRÁvmvev` PjwQj|
Òej Zzwg †`Šo w`‡qwQ‡j †Kb?Ó
GZ¶‡Y Ii †PvL ey‡bv n‡q DVj| Ii kixiI KuvcwQj
cÖPÛfv‡e| †m DËi w`‡Z cviwQj bv, †m nuvUz †P‡c aij|
27
m~wPcÎ |
Òm¨vi, g‡b n‡”Q I †dŠwR|Ó evix cv Lvg‡P aivq GK RIqvb
gš—e¨ K‡i| (†dŠwR ˆmwb‡Ki D`©y kã, evOvwj wec¬ex‡`i
cvK‡mbviv GB bv‡g wPwýZ K‡i _v‡K|)
Òn‡Z cv‡i|Ó Avwg ïbjvg iv‡Vvi wnsmªfv‡e weoweo Kij|
ivB‡d‡ji evU w`‡q cÖPÛfv‡e wcwU‡q Avãyj evix‡K fxlY
†Rv‡i Quy‡o †`qv nj GKwU †`qv‡ji w`‡K| Zvi AvZ©bv‡`i
ci Kv‡Qi Kuy‡oN‡ii Avovj †_‡K GK Zi“Y‡K DuwK w`‡Z
†`Lv †Mj| evsjvq Kx †hb †PuwP‡q ejj evix| gv_vwU m‡½
m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nj| wKQy¶Y c‡iB †Luvov‡Z †Luvov‡Z Kzu‡oNi
†_‡K †ewi‡q Gj GK ey‡ov gvbyl| iv‡Vvi Zv‡K Lvg‡P †U‡b
Avb‡jv|
ÒGB †jvKUv‡K Zzwg †Pb?Ó
Ònu¨v mv‡ne| I Avãyj evix|Ó
Ò‡m wK †dŠwR?Ó
Òbv mv‡ne| I XvKvq `wR©i KvR K‡i|Ó
ÒmwZ¨ K_v ej|Ó
Ò‡Lv`vi Kmg, mv‡ne, I `wR©|Ó
nVvr wbieZv †b‡g G‡jv| iv‡Vvi AcÖ¯‘Z n‡q ZvKv‡j Avwg
ejjvg, ÒAvj¬vni †`vnvB, I‡K †h‡Z `vI| Ii wb‡`©vwlZvi
Avi KZ cÖgvY PvI?Ó
RIqvbiv Zey mš‘ó nq bv, Zviv evix‡K wN‡i iv‡L| Av‡iv
GKevi ejvi ci iv‡Vvi evix‡K †Q‡o †`evi Av‡`k w`‡jb|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ †m f‡q R‡ovm‡ov I KzwÂZ n‡q ‡M‡Q| Zvi Rxeb
†eu‡P †Mj| Ab¨ mevi fv‡M¨ Ggb my‡hvM Av‡m bv|
9g wWwfk‡bi Kg©KZ©v‡`i m‡½ Avwg Qqw`b Kzwgj¬vq Ny‡iwQ|
Avwg KvQ †_‡K †`‡LwQ MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg, evwoi ci evwo ÔA¯¿
AbymÜvbÕ-Gi Q‡j Lrbv Kiv nqwb Ggb †jvK‡`i †e‡Q †e‡Q
nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kzwgj¬vi mvwK©U nvD‡m (†emvgwiK cÖkvm‡bi
†nW †KvqvU©vi) gvbyl‡`i g„Zy¨hš¿Yvi AvZ©ie Avwg ï‡bwQ|
KviwdDi bv‡g Avwg †`‡LwQ UªvK †evSvB †jvK wb‡q hvIqv
n‡”Q Lyb Kivi Rb¨| †mbvewnbxi ÔnZ¨v I AwMœms‡hvM wgkbÕ-
Gi cvkweKZvi Avwg cÖZ¨¶`k©x| †`‡LwQ wec¬ex‡`i LZg
Kivi ci Kxfv‡e MÖvg-kn‡i aŸsmjxjv Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
Ôkvw¯—g~jK c`‡¶cÕ wb‡q Kxfv‡e cy‡iv MÖvg‡K aŸsm¯‘‡c
cwiYZ Kiv n‡q‡Q ZvI Avwg †`‡LwQ| Avi ivw·ejv ï‡bwQ
Zv‡`i mvivw`be¨vcx Pvjv‡bv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Awek¦vm‡hvM¨, ee©i
†ivgš’b| ÒZzwg KqUv LZg K‡iQ?Ó Zv‡`i DËi GLbI
Avgvi ¯§„wZ‡Z R¡jš—|
†h‡Kv‡bv cwðg cvwK¯—vbx Awdmvi ej‡e Gi meB Kiv n‡q‡Q
ÔcvwK¯—v‡bi Av`k©, msnwZ I ALÛZv A¶zYœ ivLvÕ-i Rb¨|
wKš‘ A‡bK †`ix n‡q †M‡Q| fvi‡Zi Øviv nvRvi gvBj `~i‡Z¡
Aew¯’Z `yB Ask‡K GK‡Î ivLvi Rb¨ GB Z_vKw_Z mvgwiK
Kvh©KªgB Av`‡k©i cZb‡K cÖgvY K‡i‡Q| c~e© evsjv‡K cvwK¯—
v‡bi m‡½ hy³ ivLv m¤¢e GKgvÎ K‡Vvi mvgwiK n¯—‡¶‡ci
gva¨‡g| Avi cvK‡mbv`j cvÄvex‡`i Øviv wbqwš¿Z, hviv
HwZnvwmKfv‡eB evOvwj‡`i AcQ›` K‡i, N„Yv K‡i|
cwiw¯’wZ Ggb Ae¯’vq G‡m‡Q †h wKQy evOvwj‡KI cwðg
cvwK¯—vbx `‡ji m‡½ †`Lv †M‡Q ¯^ZtùzZ©fv‡e| XvKvq GK
cyi‡bv eÜzi m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvIqvi mgq G-iKg Avðh©
g„Zy¨i H Av‡`k †`qv n‡jv
bvi‡K‡ji `ya †L‡Z †L‡Z| Avgv‡K
Rvbv‡bv nj †h ew›`‡`i `yRb wn›`y,
Z…ZxqRb ÔQvÎÕ Ges PZz_©Rb GK
AvIqvgx jxM †bZv
A™¢yZ AwfÁZvi gy‡LvgywL n‡qwQ Avwg| Ò`ytwLZÓ, †m Avgv‡K
ejj, ÒQK cv‡ë †M‡Q| Avwg Zzwg †h cvwK¯—vb‡K Rvwb, Zv
wejyß n‡q †M‡Q| Zv‡K †cQ‡bB _vK‡Z `vI|Ó
NÈvLv‡bK ev‡` GK cvÄvex †mbv-Kg©KZ©v cvK‡mbviv
c`‡¶c †bqvi Av‡Mi AevOvwj‡`i Ici Pvjv‡bv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi
K_v ejv Avi¤¢ Kij| †m Avgv‡K ejj, Ò1947-Gi
†`kwefv‡Mi mgqKvi wkL‡`i PvB‡Z cvkweK AvPiY K‡i‡Q
Zviv| Kxfv‡e Avgiv Zv fyj‡Z ev gvd Ki‡Z cvwi?Ó
†mbvevwnbxi GB D¤§Z aŸsmKv‡h©i `yÕ‡Uv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ˆewkó¨
i‡q‡Q| GKwU‡K KZ©„c¶ Ôïw× AwfhvbÕ bv‡g wPwýZ Ki‡Z
cQ›` K‡ib hv g~jZ aŸsmjxjv‡KB bigfv‡e D”PviY Kiv|
AciwU nj Ôcybe©vmb-D‡`¨vMÕ| c~e© evsjv‡K cwðg cvwK¯—
v‡bi ekxf~Z Dcwb‡ek evbv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv‡K Gfv‡e eY©bv Kiv
nq| GB XvjvI Awfe¨w³ Ges Ô`y¯‹…wZKvixÕ I ÔnvgjvKvixÕ
wn‡m‡e evisevi D‡j¬L wek¦‡K mš‘ó ivLvi cÖqvm| wKš‘
cÖPviYvi Aš—iv‡j nZ¨v I Dcwb‡ekxKiYB
n‡jv ev¯—eZv|
wn›`y‡`i nZ¨vjxjvi †hŠw³KZv wel‡q 18 GwcÖj †iwWI cvwK¯—
vb †_‡K cÖPvwiZ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wgwjUvwi Mfb©i †jd‡Ub¨v›U
†Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi e³e¨ Avwg ï‡bwQ| wZwb ej‡jb Òc~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi gymjgvbiv cvwK¯—v‡bi Afy¨`‡q †bZ…¯’vbxq f~wgKv
cvjb K‡iwQj, Zviv cvwK¯—vb‡K euvwP‡q ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZÁ|
wKš‘ wnsmª I AvMÖvmx msL¨vjNyiv Rxeb I abm¤ú` aŸsm Kivi
ûgwK w`‡q wecyj msL¨vMwiô‡`i `gb K‡i‡Q, AvIqvgx jxM‡K
eva¨ K‡i‡Q wnsmvZ¥K bxwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z|Ó
Ab¨iv †hŠw³KZv †LuvRvi e¨vcv‡i Av‡iv †eva-eyw×nxb|
ÒUvKvi †Rv‡i wn›`yiv gymjgvb RbMY‡K G‡Kev‡i Lv‡Uv K‡i
†`‡L‡Q|Ó Kzwgj¬vi Awdmvm© †g‡m 9g wWwfk‡bi K‡b©j bvCg
Avgv‡K Rvbvb| Òï‡l cy‡iv kni‡K Iiv i³k~b¨ K‡i
†d‡j‡Q| UvKv A_© cY¨ me fvi‡Z P‡j hvq mxgvš— cvi n‡q|
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î ¯‹zj-K‡j‡R A‡a©‡KiI †ewk wb‡R‡`i
†jvK XywK‡q Avcb †Q‡j‡`i cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ cvwV‡q †`q
KjKvZvq| Ae¯’v Ggb ch©v‡q G‡m‡Q †h evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ
Avm‡j wn›`y ms¯‹„wZ Ges c~e© cvwK¯—vb cÖK…Zc‡¶ cwiPvjbv
Ki‡Q KjKvZvi gv‡ovqvwo e¨emvqxiv| RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Zv‡`i
†`k‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z n‡j Ges wek¦v‡mi Kv‡Q RbMY‡K
wdwi‡q Avb‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i Zv‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó
A_ev †gRi ewk‡ii K_vB aiv hvK| wZwb wbæc` cvi n‡q G
ch©v‡q G‡m‡Qb| Kzwgj¬vi 9g wWwfk‡bi GB GmGmI-i
wbR¯^ nZ¨vi LwZqvb 28 e‡j `¤¢I Av‡Q| cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K©
Zvi Av‡Q GKUv wbR¯^ e¨vL¨v| ÒGUv nj ï× Avi Aï×i g‡a¨
hy×Ó, GK Kvc KuvPv Pv †L‡Z †L‡Z wZwb Avgv‡K K_vUv
e‡jb| ÒGLvbKvi †jvK‡`i bvg nq‡Zv gymjgv‡bi, cwiPqI
†`q nq‡Zv gymjgvb e‡j, wKš‘ gvbwmKZvq Giv wn›`y|
Avcbvi wek¦vm n‡e bv, ïKªevi GLvbKvi K¨v›Ub‡g›U-
gmwR‡`i †gŠjwe d‡Zvqv w`w”Qj †h cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Lyb
Ki‡j †e‡nk‡Z hvIqv hv‡e| IB RviRUv‡K Avgiv Lyu‡R †ei
K‡iwQ, ev`evwK‡`iI LuyRwQ| hviv I‡Z Ask †bqwb Zviv nj
LuvwU gymjgvb| Avgiv Ggb wK I‡`i D`©y †kLv‡ev|Ó
Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvqMvi Kg©KZ©v‡`i †`‡LwQ Zv‡`i nZ¨vjxjvi
†cQ‡b KíbvwgwkªZ h‡_ó hyw³I evwb‡q †bb| K…ZKv‡h©i
ˆeaZv wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ A‡bK wKQyB ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, wb‡R‡`i
28
m~wPcÎ |
gvbwmK mš‘wói Rb¨I †mUv cÖ‡qvRb, wKš‘ GB gg©vwš—K Ômg-
vavbÕ-Gi g~j KviYUv ivR‰bwZK; evOvwjiv wbe©vP‡b Rqjvf
K‡i ¶gZvq Avm‡Z †P‡q‡Q| wKš‘ 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯—vb
cÖwZôvi ci †_‡K cvÄvex‡`i AvKv•¶v Ges ¯^v_© miKvwi
bxwZ-wba©vi‡Y cÖvavb¨ ¯’vcb K‡i‡QÑ ¶gZv nviv‡bvi e¨vcviUv
Zv‡`i wKQy‡ZB mn¨ n‡e bv| Avi mvgwiK evwnbx G‡Z BÜb
hywM‡q‡Q| Kg©KZ©viv e¨w³MZfv‡e GB e‡j mvdvB †M‡q‡Q
†h, mvgwiK evwnbx nZ¨vKvÛ ïi“i c~‡e© AevOvwj‡`i †hfv‡e
nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi cvëv Reve wn‡m‡e GLbKvi
c`‡¶c¸‡jv †bqv n‡”Q| wKš‘ NUbvejx GgbUv e‡j bv †h
Pjgvb GB MYnZ¨v Zvr¶wYK I wek„•Lj cÖwZwKªqv wn‡m‡e
G‡m‡Q| GUv wQj c~e©cwiKwíZ|
f`ª I AvZ¥wek¦vmx A¨vWwgivj Avnmv‡bi KvQ †_‡K c~e©
evsjvi Mfb©ic` Ges cwÊZgb¨ mv‡neRv`v Lv‡bi KvQ †_‡K
mvgwiK ¶gZv †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb MÖnY Kivi
ciB ÔAbymÜvbÕ-Gi cwiKíbv ïi“ nqÑ GUv cwi®‹vi| GUv
gv‡P©i ïi“i w`KKvi K_v, evOvwj‡`i weivU cÖZ¨vkv G‡m¤^wj-
mfv ¯’wMZ nevi ci hLb †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Amn‡hvM-
Av‡›`vj‡b c~e© cvwK¯—vb DËvj n‡q D‡V‡Q| ejv n‡q _v‡K †h,
†cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wb‡qvwRZ cwðg cvwK¯—
vbx ˆmb¨‡`i `gb-cxo‡bi c‡¶i †jvK wn‡m‡e kx‡l© Ae¯’vb
K‡i‡Qb| †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii bxwZgvjv‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i PjwQj
XvKv¯’ cvÄvex B÷vb© KgvÛ| [GUv AZ¨š— ev‡R e¨vL¨v †h
Lvbiv Gi m‡½ RwoZ bq; Lvb cvwK¯—vbx‡`i bv‡gi GKwU
c`ex]
hLb 25 gv‡P©i iv‡Z cvK‡mbviv XvKvi c‡_ bv‡g, c‡ii w`b
mKv‡j kni Ggwb‡ZB Rbk~b¨ wQj, Zv‡`i m‡½ wQj hv‡`i
†kl K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Zv‡`i bv‡gi ZvwjKv| G‡Z wQj wn›`y Avi
cÖPzi msL¨K gymjgv‡bi bvgÑ QvÎ, AvIqvgx jxM mg_©K,
Aa¨vcK, mvsevw`K Ges gywR‡ei mnvqZvKvix| gvbyl‡K
eZ©gv‡b Rvbv‡bv n‡”Q †h ˆmb¨‡`i AvKªg‡Yi wb‡`©k †`qv
n‡qwQj wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wn›`y Qv·`i AvevwmK feb RMbœv_
nj, igbv †im‡Kvm© gw›`‡ii KvQvKvwQ Aew¯’Z `yÕwU wn›`y
K‡jvwb Ges Z…ZxqZ cyi‡bv XvKvi ey‡Ki Ici kvLvwicwƇZ|
wKš‘ gv‡P©i 26 I 27 Zvwi‡Li w`evivwÎe¨vcx KviwdD‡qi
mg‡q XvKv I wbKU¯’ bvivqYMÄ wkí GjvKvi wn›`y‡`i †Kb
nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv Zvi †Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v †`Iqv nqwb| KviwdDi
mg‡q iv¯—vq PjvPjKvix gymwjg‡`iI †Kv‡bv wPý cvIqv
hvqwb| GB †jvK¸‡jv‡K LZg Kiv n‡q‡Q cwiKwíZ
Awfhv‡bi gva¨‡g; wn›`y `g‡bi ev‡bvqvU Awf‡hv‡Mi dj
G‡jv Av‡iv we¯—…Zfv‡e, Ab¨iKgfv‡e|
GKwU †cw݇ji †LuvPv, GKwU †jv‡Ki ÔwbKvkÕ
15B GwcÖj XvKvq †Nvivi mgq BKevj n‡ji Qv‡` Avwg PviwU
Qv‡Îi MwjZ gv_v c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡LwQ| ZË¡veavqK Rvbvb †h,
Zv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q 25†k gv‡P©i iv‡Î| `y‡Uv wmuwo Ges
PviwU N‡i cÖPzi i³cv‡Zi wPýI Avwg †`‡LwQ| BKevj n‡ji
†cQ‡b GKwU wekvj AvevwmK feb †mbvevwnbxi we‡kl
g‡bv‡hvM †c‡qwQj e‡j g‡b nj| wekvj †`qvj¸‡jv ¸wj‡Z
SvuSiv Ges wmuwo‡Z ev‡R M‡Üi †ik i‡q †M‡Q, hw`I GLv‡b
cªPzi wWwWwUi ¸u‡ov Qov‡bv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡ekxiv Rvbvb 23 Rb
bvix I wkïi g„Z‡`n gvÎ N›UvLv‡bK Av‡M mwi‡q †bqv n‡q‡Q
Mvwo‡Z K‡i| 25 ZvwiL †_‡KB Qv‡`i Ici jvk¸‡jv
cPwQj| A‡bK cÖ‡kœi ci Rvbv †Mj nZfvM¨iv wQj Kv‡Qi
wn›`y-evwoi| GB fe‡b Zviv Avkªq wb‡qwQj|
GB MYnZ¨v mvab Kiv n‡q‡Q wbZvš— wbwe©Kvifv‡e| 19†k
GwcÖj mKv‡j Kzwgj¬vi mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †gRi AvMvi
Awd‡m e‡m _vKvi mg‡q Avwg †`‡LwQ G-mg¯— wb‡`©k Kx
wbg©gZvi m‡½ †`qv nq| GK wenvix mve-B݇c±i ew›`‡`i
GKwU ZvwjKv wb‡q Gj| IUvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wbwe©Kvifv‡e
PviwU bv‡gi cv‡k †cw݇ji †LvuPv w`‡q AvMv ej‡jb, Òmܨvi
mgq GB PviRb‡K wbKv‡ki R‡b¨ wb‡q G‡mv|Ó ZvwjKvi
w`‡K ZvwK‡q Avevi wZwb †cw݇ji `vM emv‡jb, ÒGB
†PviUv‡KI wb‡q G‡mv I‡`i m‡½|Ó
g„Zy¨i H Av‡`k †`qv n‡jv bvi‡K‡ji `ya †L‡Z †L‡Z|
Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bv nj †h ew›`‡`i `yRb wn›`y, Z…ZxqRb ÔQvÎÕ
Ges PZz_©Rb GK AvIqvgx jxM †bZv| Ô‡PviwU,Õ Rvbv †M‡jv,
wbR evox‡Z Zvi eÜz‡K _vK‡Z w`‡qwQj| c‡i mܨvi w`‡K
†`Ljvg GKwU `wo w`‡q nvZ-cv‡q wkw_jfv‡e †eu‡a mvwK©U
nvDRMvgx iv¯—v w`‡q I‡`i wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q| KviwdDi wKQy
c‡i mܨv QqUvi mgq cvwL‡`i GKwU `j Kv‡Q †Kv_vI
wKwPwiwgwPi KiwQj, nVvr ¸wji Zxeª k‡ã Zv‡`i †Ljvq ‡Q`
coj|
†ejyP †iwR‡g‡›Ui K¨v‡Þb AvRgZ‡K wb‡q cÖvqB †g‡m `y‡Uv
e¨vcvi Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡Zv| GKwU n‡jv 9g wWwfk‡bi
KgvwÛs Awdmvi †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRvi GwWwm wn‡m‡e
Ii PvKwi| AciwU wb‡q Ii mnKgx©iv I‡K
†c‡q em‡Zv| Rvbv †Mj AvRgZ `‡ji GKgvÎ
Awdmvi †h †Kv‡bv ÔLybÕ K‡iwb| †gRi ewki Zv‡K
wbg©gfv‡e †LvuPv‡Zv| ÔÔGB †h AvRgZ,ÕÕ GK iv‡Z ewki Zv‡K
ej‡jb, ÔÔKvj Avgiv †Zvgv‡K gvbyl Ki‡Z hvw”Q| Kvj †`Le
Zzwg Zv‡`i †Kgb avIqv w`‡Z cv‡iv| e¨vcviUv LyeB †mvRv|ÕÕ
GB Amvg‡_©¨i R‡b¨ ewki Zvi m‡½ †j‡MB _vK‡Zb|
GmGmI-i PvKwi QvovI ewki †nW‡KvqvUv©‡i Ôwk¶v Kg©KZ©vÕ
wQ‡jb| Zv‡KB GKgvÎ cvÄvex Awdmvi †`‡LwQ, †h AbM©j
evsjv ej‡Z cvi‡Zv|
kybjvg ewk‡ii Kv‡Q GK `vwoAjv GKw`b mKv‡j Zvi
fvB‡qi †LvuR wb‡Z G‡mwQj| Zvi fvB wQj Kzwgj¬vi wewkó
AvIqvgx jxM †bZv| wKQyw`b Av‡M cvK‡mbviv Zv‡K ew›`
K‡iwQ‡jv| ewki Zv‡K Rvbv‡jb, Ò†`Šo M¨vqv, cvwj‡q
†M‡Q|Ó ey‡ov †jvKUv wKQy‡ZB wek¦vm Ki‡Z cviwQj bv
Kxfv‡e fvOv cv wb‡q cvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| AvwgI bv| G-NUbv
e‡j j¤^v nvwm w`‡q †gRi ewki Avgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q †PvL
wUc‡jb| c‡i †R‡bwQ I‡`i wbR¯^ fvlvq Ô†`Šo M¨vqvÕ gv‡b
n‡jv, ÔÔcvjv‡bvi mgq ¸wj K‡i Lyb|Ó
Avwg Rvb‡Z cvwiwb K¨v‡Þb AvRgZ KvD‡K Lyb Ki‡Z
†c‡iwQ‡jb wK bv| PÆMÖv‡gi mËi gvBj Dˇi †dbxi Kv‡Q
Kzwgj¬v mo‡K evOvwj-we‡`ªvnxiv cwiLv Lbb K‡iwQj, †m-
GjvKvi me weªR I KvjfvU© aŸsm K‡i 9g wWwfk‡bi
PjvPj‡K mxwgZ K‡i †i‡LwQj| XvKvq B÷vb© KgvÛ †_‡K
G‡Ki ci GK ev‡R Lei †c‡q †Rbv‡ij ivRv DwØMœ n‡q
c‡ob| we‡`ªvnx‡`i cvwj‡q hvIqv i` Kivi R‡b¨ Ri“wi n‡q
`uvovq `w¶Y-c~e© mxgvš—-AÂj eÜ K‡i †`qv| A_P PÆMÖvg
mgy`ª e›`‡i G‡m †cuŠQv‡bv AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨vw`i mieivn
wbwðZ Kivi R‡b¨ eZ©gv‡b GKgvÎ c_ wn‡k‡e Db¥y³ ivLvI
`iKvi n‡q c‡o| ZvB †Rbv‡ij ivRv mn‡RB D‡ËwRZ n‡q
hvb| †mLv‡b wZwb D‡o †h‡Zb cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K w`bB| †dbxi
†f‡O cov weªR wb‡q eKeK Ki‡Zb `xN©mgq a‡i| K¨v‡Þb
AvRgZ memg‡qi g‡Zv ZL‡bv †Rbv‡i‡ji Qvqv| Avwg Zv‡K
Avi †`L‡Z cvBwb| cieZx© wZb mßvni R‡b¨ †LvuPv †_‡K
AvRgZ †gvUvgywU i¶v †c‡qwQj| †dbx I msjMœ AÂj 8B †g
9g wWwfkb Avq‡Ë Avb‡Z cvi‡jv| evOvwj we‡`ªvnxiv †evgv I
A¯¿k¯¿ w`‡q G‡Zvw`b †mLv‡b Ae‡iva w`‡q †i‡LwQ‡jv|
†kl‡gl Zviv mxgvš— Uc‡K cÖwZ‡ekx †`k fvi‡Z P‡j hvq|
29
m~wPcÎ |
9g wWwfkb †nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii wR-1 †jd‡Ub¨v›U K‡b©j Avmjvg
†eM fvwi A¯¿mn evOvwj we‡`ªvnx‡`i cvwj‡q hvIqvi Le‡i
wPwš—Z n‡q c‡ob| wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔfviZxqiv Zv‡`i ILv‡b
GK`gB _vK‡Z †`‡e bv| e¨vcviUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ LyeB
wec¾bK n‡e| mxgvš—-A‡j Zviv hZ nvgjv Ki‡e Avgiv
ZZ †fvMvwš—i wkKvi ne|Ó cvK-fviZ hy‡×i mgq Pxb †_‡K
A¯¿ msMÖ‡ni e¨vcv‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivLvq †jd‡Ub¨v›U
K‡b©j †eM wQ‡jb AZ¨š— RbwcÖq AvwU©jvwi Awdmvi| wZwb
wQ‡jb GKRb Mwe©Z cwiev‡ii m`m¨| wZwb dzjI cQ›`
Ki‡Zb| Avgv‡K M‡e©i m‡½ e‡jwQ‡jb, Kzwgj¬vq Gi Av‡Mi
†cvw÷s-Gi mgq Pxb †_‡K Avwb‡q †nW †KvqvU©v‡ii
D‡ëvw`‡Ki cyKz‡i wZwb UKU‡K jvj i‡Oi wekvj RjcÙ
†ivcY K‡iwQ‡jb| †gRi ewki Zv‡K Lye kª×v Ki‡Zb| ewki
Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb, GKevi GK we‡`ªvnx Kg©KZ©v‡K aiv n‡jv|
mevB wPwš—Z n‡q coj, Zv‡K wb‡q Kx Kiv hvq| Ab¨iv hLb
wb‡`©k cvevi Rb¨ †Uwj‡dv‡b †LuvRLei Ki‡Qb wZwb me
mgvavb K‡i †dj‡jb, †`Šo M¨vqv| ïay Ii cvUzKzB M‡Z©i
evB‡i †ei n‡q wQj|
cwie¨vß k¨vgj †mŠ›`‡h©i g‡a¨ Kx cvkweKZv Pj‡Q, Zv Kíbv
KivI Am¤¢e| GwcÖ‡ji †kl w`‡K Avwg hLb †mLv‡b hvB,
ZLb Kzwgj¬v aŸsm¯‘c| c‡_i `yÕcv‡ki meyR avb‡¶Z w`M‡š—
iw³g Avfvi AvKv‡k wM‡q wg‡k‡Q| ¸j‡gvni, ÔAi‡Y¨i
ewýwkLvÕ †dvUvi mgq G‡m †M‡Q| MÖv‡gi Avg Avi bvi‡Kj
MvQ¸‡jv d‡ji fv‡i by‡q c‡o‡Q| Ggb wK iv¯—vi cv‡k
QvM‡ji †`uŠoSvcI cÖgvY KiwQ‡jv cÖK…wZK evsjvi c~Y©Zv|
ÔÔcyi“l Avi ¯¿x¸‡jv‡K Avjv`v Kivi GKgvÎ Dcvq n‡jv,ÕÕ
Avgv‡K Iiv ej‡jv, ÔÔ†g‡q QvMj¸‡jv Mf©eZx|ÕÕ
nZ¨v Avi AwMœKvÛ: Zv‡`i kvw¯—i bgybv
c„w_exi Ab¨Zg Rbeûj AÂj Kzwgj¬vi RbmsL¨vi NbZ¡ n‡jv
cÖwZ eM©gvB‡j 1,900 Rb| A_P †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv gvbyl †`Lv
†M‡jv bv| ÔevOvwjiv †Kv_vq?Õ wKQyw`b Av‡M XvKvi iv¯—vNvU
G‡Kev‡i wbR©b ‡`‡L †mbv`‡ji †jvK‡`i Avwg wR‡Ám
K‡iwQjvg| I‡`i ‰Zix Kiv DËi wQ‡jv, ÔÔmevB Mªv‡g
†M‡Q|ÕÕ A_P MÖv‡gI †Kv‡bv evOvwj †`Lv hvw”Qj bv| XvKvi
g‡Zv Kzwgj¬vI G‡Kev‡i Rbk~b¨| jvKmvg w`‡q Avmvi mgq
`k gvBj c‡_ nv‡Z †Mvbv K‡qKRb K…lK‡K †`Ljvg| Aek¨
LvwK-†cvkvK-civ cvK‡mbviv M¤¢xi gy‡L A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj
nv‡Z iv¯—vq Ae¯’vb KiwQj| Av‡`kgvwdK ivB‡dj nvZQvov
K‡iwb †KD| wUªMvi-myLx KwVb †jvKRb memgq iv¯—v cvnviv
w`‡”Q| †hLv‡b cvK‡mbv, †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv evOvwj‡K cvIqv
hv‡e bv|
†iwWI Ges Le‡ii KvM‡R mvgwiK AvBb †NvlYv Kiv n‡”Q
gyn~gy©ûÑ ‡Pviv‡Mvßv nvgjvi Rb¨ aiv co‡j kvw¯— g„Z¨y`Û| iv¯—
v ev weªR aŸsm ev †Luvovi †Póv Ki‡j ¶wZMÖ¯’ A‡ji GKk
M‡Ri †fZi mg¯— evwo‡K Gi Rb¨ `vqx Kiv n‡e Ges
†m¸‡jvi aŸsmmvab Kiv n‡e| Kvh©‡¶‡Î †NvlYv¸‡jvi PvB‡Z
fqven me c`‡¶‡c †bqv n‡q‡Q| Òkvw¯—g~jK e¨e¯’vÓ Ggb
GKwU welq n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q †h evOvwjiv †ec‡ivqv I mwnsm
AvZ‡¼ gyn¨gvb n‡q evOvwj‡`i `y‡Uv
cÖwZwKªqv nq| hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i Zviv
m‡½ m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nq| cvK‡mbvi
Dcw¯’wZ‡Z hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv
ek¨ KªxZ`v‡mi g‡Zv AvPiY K‡i
n‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q|
Gi †h Kx fqven A_© Zv ‡`‡LwQ 17 GwcÖj Pvu`cyi hvIqvi
c‡_ nvRxM‡Ä| we‡`ªvnxiv, hviv GL‡bv G-A‡j Zrci, MZ
iv‡Z 15 dzU `xN© GKUv weªR †f‡O †d‡j‡Q| †gRi iv‡Vv‡ii
(wR-2 Acv‡ikbm&) gva¨‡g Rvbv †M‡jv, Zr¶Yvr GB GjvKvq
GK`j †mbv`j cvwV‡q †`qv n‡jv kvw¯—g~jK e¨e¯’v †bqvi
Rb¨| weª‡Ri wmwK gvBje¨vcx A‡j †cuwP‡q IVv Nb †avuqv
†`Lv hvw”Qj ZLbI| mvgwqKfv‡e Kv‡Vi Z³v w`‡q mviv‡bv
weªRwU mveav‡b cvi nIqvi mgq †`Ljvg Wvbw`‡Ki MÖvg¨
evwo¸‡jv‡ZI AvMyb jKjwK‡q DV‡Q|
MÖv‡gi ‡cQb w`‡K wKQy RIqvb Av¸b Qov‡bvi †Póv KiwQj
bvi‡K‡ji †Qveov w`‡q| G¸‡jv KvRI w`w”Qj fv‡jv| KviY
mvaviYZ ivbœvi Kv‡R G¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv nq| c‡_i
Ab¨w`‡K avb‡¶‡Zi Icv‡ii MÖv‡gI Av¸‡bi wPý †`Lv †Mj|
euvkSvo Avi Kzu‡oNi¸‡jv ZLbI cyowQj| kZ kZ MÖvgevmx
cvK‡mbv Avmvi Av‡Mi iv‡ZB cvwj‡q †M‡Q|
hvIqvi mgq †gRi iv‡Vvi ej‡jb, ÒGB
`y`©kv‡K Zviv wb‡RivB †W‡K G‡b‡Q|Ó Avwg ejjvg,
mvgvb¨ wKQy we‡`ªvnxi Rb¨ wbiciva †jvK‡`i Ici GUv eo
†ewk wbg©gZv n‡q †M‡Q| wZwb †Kv‡bv DËi w`‡jb bv|
K‡qKNÈv c‡iB Puv`cyi †_‡K †divi mgq Avgiv Avevi
nvRxMÄ w`‡q AvmwQjvg| ÔÔnZ¨v Avi AwMœKvÛ AwfhvbÓ-Gi
ee©iZv Avwg ¯^P‡¶ †`Ljvg ZLb| `ycyi‡ejv †m-GjvKvi
Ici w`‡q †ek Kov So e‡q †M‡Q| GLb kn‡ii Ici c‡o‡Q
gmwR‡`i wgbv‡ii †fŠwZK Qvqv| †cQ‡bi †Lvjv wR‡c
K¨v‡Þb AvRnvi Avi PviRb RIqv‡bi BDwbdg© ¸wuo ¸uwo
e„wó‡Z Pzcmv‡bv| euvK wb‡ZB gmwR‡`i evB‡i Avgiv Uªv‡Ki
GKUv eni †_‡g _vK‡Z †`Ljvg| ¸‡b †`Ljvg RIqvb-fwZ©
mvZUv UªvK| eniwUi mvg‡b wQj GKUv wRc| `yÕRb †jvK
Z…Zxq GKR‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ c‡_i cv‡k GK‡kviI †ewk †`vKv‡bi
eÜ `iRv fvOvi †Póv Ki‡Q| `yÕ‡Uv KzVvi w`‡q GB fvOvi †Póv
PjwQj, †gRi iv‡Vvi Zvi U‡qvUv †mLv‡b _vgv‡jb|
Ò†Zvgiv GLv‡b Kx KiQ?Ó
wZbR‡bi g‡a¨ j¤^v †jvKUv, †h fvsPz‡ii ZË¡veavb KiwQj,
Avgv‡`i w`‡K †PuwP‡q DVj, Ò†gvUz, Avgiv Kx KiwQ e‡j
†Zvgvi g‡b nq?Ó Kɯ^i wPb‡Z †c‡i, †gRi iv‡Vvi wgwó
GKUv nvwm w`‡jb| Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb wZwb n‡jb Zvi cyi‡bv
†`v¯— BdwZÑ Uz‡qjf_ dÖw›Uªqvm© †dvm© ivB‡d‡ji †gRi
BdwZLvi|
iv‡Vvi ej‡jb, ÒAvwg †f‡ewQjvg †KD jyU Ki‡Q|Ó
ÒjyU? bv bv|Ó Reve w`j BdwZLvi, ÒAvgiv ïay Lyb KiwQ
Avi Av¸b R¡vjvw”Q|Ó
nvZ bvwo‡q wZwb †evSv‡jb †h Gme wZwb aŸsm Ki‡eb|
ÒKÕRb‡K ai‡Z †c‡iQ?Ó iv‡Vvi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb|
BdwZLvi åƒu bvwP‡q nvm‡jb|
Òej|Ó iv‡Vvi Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb| ÒKÕRb‡K a‡iQ?Ó
ÒgvÎ ev‡ivRb|Ó wZwb Reve w`‡jb, ÒAvj¬vni ing‡Z Avgiv
I‡`i †c‡qwQ| †jvK‡`i avIqv Kivi Rb¨ bv cvVv‡j †Zv Iiv
cvwj‡qB †hZ|Ó
†gRi iv‡Vv‡ii Drmv‡n BdwZLvi Zvi NUbvi eY©bv ïi“
Ki‡jb we¯—…Zfv‡e| Kxfv‡e nvRxM‡Ä e¨vcK A‡š^l‡Yi ci
GKUv evwo‡Z jywK‡q _vKv ev‡ivRb wn›`y‡K wZwb Luy‡R
†c‡q‡Qb Zv iwm‡q ej‡jb| Zv‡`i mevB‡K ÒwbKvk K‡i
30
m~wPcÎ |
†`qv n‡q‡Q|Ó GLb †gRi Bd‡ZLvi GLb e¨¯— Zvi wØZxq
Awfhv‡b, AwMœKv‡Û|
B‡Zvg‡a¨ GKwU †`vKv‡bi `iRv †f‡O †djv n‡q‡Q| evsjvq
†`vKvbwU‡Z †jLv Av‡Q Ò†gwW‡Kj GÛ †÷vimÓ| evsjv
†jLvi wb‡P †mB mvBb‡ev‡W© Bs‡iwR‡Z †jLv Av‡Q ÒA‡kvK
†gwW‡Kj GÛ †÷vimÓ| Zvi wb‡P †jLv wQj Ò†cÖvcvBUi G
Gg †evmÓ| Zvjv †g‡i Ab¨vb¨‡`i g‡Zv Rbve †evmI nvRxMÄ
†_‡K cvwj‡q‡Qb| †`vKv‡bi mvg‡b wQj GKUv cÖ`k©b K¶|
Ilya, Kd wmivc, g¨v‡½v †¯‹vqv‡mi †evZj, Bwg‡Uk‡bi
Aj¼vi, iwOb †cvkv‡Ki c¨v‡KU BZ¨vw` A‡bK wKQy I‡Z
mvRv‡bv wQj| BdwZLvi jvw_ †g‡i me fv½‡Z jvM‡jb| wZwb
wKQy P‡Ui e¨vM wb‡jb| Ab¨ GKwU ZvK †_‡K wbj wKQy
c¬vw÷‡Ki †Ljbv Avi i“gv‡ji evwÛj| Zvici †g‡S‡Z me
R‡ov K‡i U‡qvUvq emv GK RIqv‡bi KvQ †_‡K †`kjvB
wb‡q G‡jb| IB RIqv‡bi gv_vq eyw×myw× fv‡jvB wQj| †m
Mvwo †_‡K jvd w`‡q †b‡g †`Šo w`‡q †`vKv‡b Xy‡K GKUv
QvZv †ei K‡i Avbj| BdwZLvi Zv‡K †ewi‡q hvIqvi Av‡`k
Ki‡jb|
jyU Kiv, wZwb g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡jb, wbqgwei“×| Gici `ª“Z
Av¸b awi‡q w`‡jb BdwZLvi| P‡Ui R¡jš— ¯‘c wZwb Qyu‡o
w`‡jb †`vKv‡bi GK †Kv‡Y, Ab¨ †Kv‡Y Kvc‡oi evwÛj|
gyn~‡Z©B †`vKvbwU `vD`vD K‡i R¡‡j DVj| wgwbULv‡b‡Ki
g‡a¨B GKwU †`vKvb c‡i †Z‡ji †`vKv‡b Av¸b †cuŠQ‡j eÜ
kvUv‡ii †cQ‡b Av¸‡bi AvIqvR †kvbv †Mj| G-mg‡q
Nbvqgvb AÜKvi †`‡L iv‡Vvi DwØMœ n‡q DV‡jb| Avevi
Avgv‡`i hvÎv ïi“ nj| ciw`b †`Lv n‡ZB †gRi BdwZLvi
Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ÔÔAvwg gvÎ lvUUv Ni R¡vwj‡qwQ| e„wó bv G‡j
me¸‡jvB †kl K‡i K‡i †djZvg|ÕÕ
gyRvddiM‡Äi K‡qK gvBj `~‡i GK MÖv‡g Avgv‡`i _vgv‡bv
n‡jv| †`Lv †Mj GKRb gvwUi †`qv‡ji m‡½ KzuK‡o i‡q‡Q|
GK RIqvb mZK© K‡i w`j †h †m †dŠwR n‡Z cv‡i| wKš—
wKQy¶Y mZ©K wbix¶‡Yi ci †evSv †M‡jv, †m GKwU wgwó wn›`y
†g‡q| Avi †Lv`vB Rv‡b Kvi Rb¨ †g‡qwU wbi‡e A‡c¶v
KiwQj| GK RIqvb `k eQi B÷ cvwK¯—vb ivB‡d‡j KvR
Kivi myev‡` wKQy evRvix evsjv iß K‡iwQ‡jv| †m ‡g‡qwU‡K
MÖv‡g P‡j hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡jv| ILv‡b e‡m †_‡KB †g‡qwU
Kx †hb weoweo Kij| ZLb Zv‡K wØZxqevi wb‡`©k †`qv nj|
Zey P‡j Avmvi ciI †m ILv‡bB e‡m iBj| Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bv
nj, ÔÔ†g‡qwUi hvIqvi RvqMv †bBÑ bv Av‡Q cwievi bv Av‡Q
Ni|Ó
nZ¨v I AwMœKvÛ Awfhv‡bi AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ †gRi
BdwZLviI GKRb| we‡`ªvnx‡`i Luy‡R †ei Kivi bv‡g wn›`y I
Ô`y®K…wZKvix‡`iÕ (wec¬ex‡`i Awdwmqvj cwifvlv) Aev‡a Lyb
Kivi Ges Avkcv‡ki mewKQy R¡vwj‡q †`evi AbygwZ Zviv
†c‡q‡Q| GB wUOwU‡O cvÄvex AwdmviwU wb‡Ri KvR wb‡q
K_v ej‡Z cQ›` K‡ib| Kzwgj¬vi mvwK©U nvD‡R BdwZLv‡ii
m‡½ hvevi mgq wZwb Zvi mv¤cÖwZK Kg©Kv‡Ûi wdwiw¯—
w`‡jb|
ÔÔAvwg GK ey‡ov‡K †c‡qwQjvgÓ, wZwb ej‡jb| ÔÔnvivgRv`vi
`vwo wQ‡jv, Avi fvb KiwQ‡jv cv°v gymjgv‡bi g‡Zv|
GgbwK wb‡Ri bvg ejj Avãyj gvbœvb| wKš—y †gwWK¨vj
B݇cKk‡b cvVv‡ZB Ii †Lj LZg n‡q †Mj|ÕÕ BdwZLvi
e‡j hvw”Q‡jb, ÔÔAvwg Zv‡K Z¶zwY †mLv‡b †kl K‡i †dj‡Z
†P‡qwQjvg| wKš‘ Avgvi †jv‡Kiv ej‡jvÑ GiKg Rvi‡Ri
R‡b¨ wZbUv ¸wj `iKvi| ZvB Avwg Zv‡K GKUv ¸wj Kijvg
†Mvcbv‡½, GKUv †c‡U| Zvici gv_vq ¸wj K‡i Zv‡K LZg
K‡i w`jvg|ÕÕ
Avwg hLb P‡j Avwm ZLb Zv‡K †bZ…Z¡-¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i DËi
eªvþYevwoqvq cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avev‡iv Zvi Awfhvb nZ¨v Avi
AwMœKvÛ|
AvZ‡¼ gyn¨gvb n‡q evOvwj‡`i `y‡Uv cÖwZwKªqv nq| hviv
cvjv‡Z cv‡i Zviv m‡½ m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nq| cvK‡mbvi
Dcw¯’wZ‡Z hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv ek¨ KªxZ`v‡mi g‡Zv
AvPiY K‡iÑ hv Zv‡`i Kcv‡j `y‡f©vM Qvov Ab¨ wKQyB e‡q
Av‡b bv| Pvu`cyi wQj cÖ_gwUi D`vniY|
†gNbv b`xe›`i msjMœ GB AÂj Av‡M e¨emv-†K›`ª wn‡m‡e
LyeB weL¨vZ wQj| ivw·ejv b`xi cv‡o †fov‡bv nvRv‡iv
†bŠKv Av‡jvq Av‡jvq GK iƒcK_vi ivR¨ evwb‡q †d‡j|
Pvu`cyi Rbgvbenxb n‡q c‡o 18B GwcÖ‡j| bv wQj gvbyl, bv
†Kv‡bv †bŠKv| eo‡Rvi GK kZvsk gvbyl †mLv‡b wQj|
ev`evwKiv, we‡kl K‡i ‡gvU RbmsL¨vi cªvq Aa©vsk wn›`yiv,
cvwj‡q wM‡qwQj| Iiv cvwj‡q †M‡jI evwo‡Z, †`vKv‡b, Qv‡`
nvRvi nvRvi cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv DowQj| g‡b nw”Qj Rbgvbyl
QvovB RvZxq w`em D`hvwcZ n‡”Q| wnsmª `„wó †_‡K euvPevi
R‡b¨B wQj GB e¨e¯’v| GB cZvKv wQj Zv‡`i AvZ¥i¶vi
Dcvq|
Kxfv‡e †hb Zviv ‡R‡b‡Q cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv
Iov‡j cvK‡mbv‡`i wnsmª I wbg©g asmvZ¥K ZrciZv
†_‡K i¶v cIqv hv‡e| cZvKv Kxfv‡e evbv‡bv n‡”Q †mw`‡K
†Kv‡bv †Lqvj ivLv nqwb, †Kv‡bv iK‡g GKUv Pvu`Zviv
_vK‡jB h‡_ó| I¸‡jvi iO, KvVv‡gv Mob ZvB n‡q‡Q
wewPÎ| mey‡Ri RvqMvq †Kv‡bvUvi Rwg bxj| Zviv †h
evsjv‡`kx cZvKvi gvjgkjv w`‡q GB cZvKv evwb‡q‡Q GUv
wbwðZ| mey‡Ri RvqMvq me©Î †`Lv †M‡Q bxj cZvKv|
Pvu`cy‡ii g‡Zv GKB `„‡k¨i cybive„wË N‡U‡Q nvRxMÄ,
gyRvddiMÄ, Kmev Avi eªvþYevwoqvq| wKš‘ cZvKv D‡o‡QÑ
†fŠwZK cZvKv|
GKwU ÔKzPKvIqvRÕ I GKwU †Pbv Bkviv
Av‡iK KªxZ`vmmyjf ek¨Zv †`Lv †M‡Q jvKmv‡g| ciw`b
mKv‡j hLb Avwg kn‡i XywK ZLb wec¬exgy³ n‡q †M‡Q|
†`L‡Z †cjvg ïay cvK‡mbv Ges Av¶wiK A‡_© nvRvi nvRvi
cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv| †mLvbKvi †gRi Bb-PvR© cyywjk-†÷k‡b
NuvwU †M‡owQ‡jb, †gRi iv‡Vvi †mLv‡b Avgv‡`i wb‡q †M‡jb|
Avgvi mnKgx© cvK-wUwfi GKRb K¨v‡givg¨vb GKUv cÖPviYv-
wd‡j¥i Kv‡R jvKmv‡g G‡m‡Qb, ÔÔ¯^vfvweKZv wd‡i Avm‡QÕÕ
bv‡gi wbqwgZ GB wmwiR cÖwZw`b ¯^vMZ- KzPKvIqvR Avi
Ôkvwš—mfviÕ Lei cÖPvi Ki‡Zv|
†m Kxfv‡e GUv K‡i †f‡e Avwg wew¯§Z n‡qwQjvg, wKš‘ †gRi
Rvbv‡jb wRwbmUv †gv‡UI mygayi bq| ÔÔnvivgRv`viv Gi †P‡q
‡ewk gvÎvq G‡m e¨vcviUv‡K `k©bxq K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|
Avgv‡K wek wgwbU mgq `vI|ÕÕ 39Zg †ejyP †jd‡Ub¨v›U
Rv‡e‡`i Ici fvi c‡owQj RbZv‡K GKwÎZ Kivi| wZwb
`vwoIqvjv ey‡ov GKRb †jvK‡K WvK‡jb| Zv‡K Avbv n‡q‡Q
evbv‡bv mv¶vrKvi †`qvi R‡b¨| †jvKwU, c‡i Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb
Zvi bvg †gŠjvbv ‰mq` †gvnv¤§` mvB`yj nK, ej‡jb wZwb
GKRb ÔÔLvuwU gymwjg jxMvi; AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †jvK bbÕÕ|
(1947 m‡b ¯^vaxb cvwK¯—vb Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡qwQ‡jv
gymwjg jxM|) Lywk Kivi R‡b¨ wZwb AvMÖ‡ni m‡½ Av‡iv
Rvbv‡jb, ÔÔwek wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ Avwg Avcbv‡`i Aek¨B Aš—
Zc‡¶ lvURb †jvK †RvMvo K‡i †`e|ÕÕ Rv‡e`‡K wZwb
ej‡jb, ÔÔ`yÕN›Uv mgq w`‡j `y‡kv Rb †jvK †RvMvo Ki‡Z
cvie|ÕÕ
31
m~wPcÎ |
†gŠjvbv mvB`yj n‡Ki mv”Pv Revb| †gR‡ii †`qv PgrKvi
bvi‡K‡ji `y‡a †hB PzgyK w`‡qwQ, Agwb `~i †_‡K AvIqvR
†f‡m G‡jv? ÔÔcvwK¯—vb wR›`vev`!ÕÕ ÔÔcvK‡mbv wR›`vev`!Õ
ÔÔgymwjg jxM wR›`vev`!Ó ( wR›`vev` n‡jv ÔwPiRxex †nvKÕ-Gi
D`y© kã|) wKQy¶Y c‡iB Zv‡`i KzPKvIqvR K‡i Avm‡Z †`Lv
†Mj| I‡`i g‡a¨ ey‡ov Amy¯’ †jvK Avi nvuUzmgvb †Q‡jwc‡j
wgwj‡q cÂvkRb gvbyl wQj| mevB cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv DuwP‡q
Mjv dvwU‡q †PuPvw”Qj| †jd‡Ub¨v›U Rv‡f` Avgv‡K GKwU
†Pbv Bkviv w`‡jb| wgwbULv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨ KzPKvIqvRwU GKwU
Rbmfvq cwiYZ nj, GKwU gvBK †RvMvo n‡q ‡Mj, e³„Zv
Ki‡Z AvMÖnxi msL¨v evo‡Z _vKj|
‰mwbK‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ¯^vMZ fvlY †`qvi R‡b¨ mvg‡b †V‡j †`qv
nj gvneye-Di ingvb‡K| ÔÔGb Gd K‡j‡Ri Bs‡iRx I
Aviwei Aa¨vcK Ges gymwjg jx‡Mi AvRxeb m`m¨ÕÕ wn‡m‡e
wZwb wb‡Ri cwiPq w`‡jb| cwiPq †`qvi c‡i wZwb wbR¯^
Kvq`vq ejv kyi“ Ki‡jb, ÔÔcvÄvex I evOvwjiv cvwK¯—v‡bi
R‡b¨ GKÎ n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i i‡q‡Q wbR¯^ HwZn¨ I ms¯‹…wZ|
wKš‘ wn›`y I AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i Kvi‡Y Avgiv mš¿v‡mi Ke‡j
c‡owQ Ges Avgiv GwM‡q hvw”Qjvg aŸs‡mi w`‡K| Ck¦i‡K
ab¨ev` †h cvÄvex ˆmwb‡Kiv Avgv‡`i i¶v K‡i‡Q| Zviv
we‡k¦i †miv ˆmwbK`j Ges gvbeZvi bvqK| Avgiv ü`‡qi
AZj Mfxi †_‡K Zv‡`i kª×v Kwi I fv‡jvevwm|ÕÕ Ges
Gfv‡eB †m †ek wKQy¶Y Pvwj‡q †Mj|
ÔÔmfvÕÕ †k‡l †gRi‡K wR‡M¨m Kijvg fvlY m¤c‡K© wZwb Kx
fve‡Qb| ÔÔD‡Ïk¨ mdj n‡q‡QÕÕ wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔwKš‘ GB
nvivgRv`v‡K Avwg †gv‡UB wek¦vm Kwi bv| Zvi bvgI Avgvi
ZvwjKvq ivLe|Ó
c~e© evsjvi hš¿Yv GLbI †kl nqwb| me‡P‡q Lvivc mgq
GLbI Av‡mwb| ÔÔweïw× AwfhvbÕÕ †kl bv-nIqv ch©š—
cvK‡mbviv wd‡i bv-Avmvi e¨vcv‡i `„XcÖwZÁ| Avi GB
Kv‡Ri A‡a©K gvÎ GLb ch©š— m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| 9g I 16k, GB
`yB wWwfkb cvK †mbv‡K evOvwj we‡`ªvnx I wn›`y‡`i Lyu‡R †ei
Kivi R‡b¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cvwK¯—v‡bi
g‡Zv †`‡ki Rb¨ GB cwigvY h‡_ó Kvh©Kix| cwðg †_‡K c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡b cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q 25000-GiI †ewk †jvK| 28†k
gvP© `yB wWwfkb ˆmb¨‡K 48 N›Uvi †bvwUk †`qv n‡qwQj
iIqvbv nevi Rb¨| Lwihvb I gyjZvb †_‡K KivwP‡Z Zv‡`i
Avbv n‡qwQ‡jv †Uª‡b K‡i| nvjKv †eW †ivj I mvgwiK
i¨vKmvKmn RvZxq GqvijvBb wcAvBG-i wegv‡b Zv‡`i wb‡q
Avmv n‡q‡Q XvKvq (Zv‡`i A¯¿k¯¿ mgy`ªc‡_ cvVv‡bv
n‡qwQj)| wcAvB‡qi mvZwU †evwqs wegvb Avš—R©vwZK I
Af¨š—ixY d¬vBU evwZj K‡i wm‡jvb w`‡q `xN© 14 w`b a‡i
Zv‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Gqvi-†dv‡m©i wKQy
Uªv݇cvU©-GqviKª¨vdU G e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q|
cvK‡mbviv Zr¶YvrB c~e©-Kgv‡Ûi 14k wWwfk‡bi A¯¿cvwZ
wb‡q ZrciZvq †b‡g †M‡Q| Kzwgj¬v †_‡K wbqwš¿Z 9g
wWwfkb‡K wb‡`©k ‡`qv n‡qwQj c~e© mxgvš— eÜ K‡i w`‡ZÑ
hv‡Z wec¬exiv Zv‡`i Pjv‡div I miÄvg-mieivn bv-Ki‡Z
cv‡i| h‡kvi †nW‡KvqvUv©‡ii m‡½ wg‡j 16k wWwfkbI
cÖ‡`‡ki cwðg mxgv‡š— GKB ai‡bi Kv‡R b¨¯— wQ‡jv| †g
cwiKíbv wed‡j †M‡Q e‡j g‡b
n‡”Q| †Mwijv Kvq`v MÖnYKvix GB
wec¬ex‡`i mvgwiK Kg©KZv©iv hZ
mn‡R `gb Ki‡eb e‡j Avkv
K‡iwQ‡jb, ev¯—‡e Zv N‡Uwb
gv‡mi Z…Zxq mßv‡ni †fZ‡i Zviv GB KvR m¤úbœ K‡i
†d‡j| †hme wec¬ex fvi‡Z cvjv‡Z cv‡iwbÑ B¯úvZ Avi
Av¸‡bi e„‡Ë Zviv ew›` n‡q c‡oÑ `yB †mbv wWwfkb Zv‡`i
R‡b¨ e¨vcK wPi“wb-Acv‡ikb Kg©m~Px MÖnY K‡i| Kv‡RB
wbtm‡›`‡n AvksKv Kiv hvq, mxgv‡š—i mwnsmZv GLb
ga¨v‡j ïi“ n‡e| GwU n‡e Av‡iv †e`bv`vqK| gvbyl‡`i
cvjv‡bvi Avi †Kv‡bv c_ _vK‡e bv|
9g wWwfk‡bi wR-1-Gi cy®ú‡cÖwgK †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij
†eM 20†k GwcÖj aviYv †cvlY K‡iwQ‡jb †h GB AbymÜvb
Kg©m~Px `yÕgvm A_v©r Ry‡bi gvSvgvwS ch©š— mgq †b‡e| wKš‘
GB cwiKíbv wed‡j †M‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡”Q| †Mwijv Kvq`v
MÖnYKvix GB wec¬ex‡`i mvgwiK Kg©KZv©iv hZ mn‡R `gb
Ki‡eb e‡j Avkv K‡iwQ‡jb, ev¯—‡e Zv N‡Uwb| wew”Qbœ I
AvcvZ AmsMwVZ †Mwijviv cwiKwíZfv‡e iv¯—v I †ijc‡_i
aŸsmmvab K‡i cvK †mbv‡`i Kvey K‡i †dj‡Q| KviY Gi
d‡j Zv‡`i hvZvqvZ-e¨e¯’v †f‡O c‡o‡Q| 9g
wWwfk‡bi KvRI AbvKvw•¶Zfv‡e wcwQ‡q †M‡Q
GR‡b¨| Gw`‡K wZb gvme¨vcx Soev`‡ji †gŠmyg P‡j
Avmvq mvgwiK Kvh©Kªg eÜ nevi †hvMvo n‡q‡Q|
el©vKv‡ji R‡b¨ cvK miKvi †g-i wØZxq mßv‡n Px‡bi KvQ
†_‡K bqwU e„wó‡ivaK Mvb‡evU wb‡q G‡m‡Q| ev`evwK¸‡jvI
Avmvi c‡_| Avwk Ubx, e¨vcK †Mvjvel©Y-¶gZvavix GB
Mvb‡evU¸‡jv wegvb evwnbx I AvwU©jvixi ‰mwbK‡`i GLb ch©š—
e¨env‡ii R‡b¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ e„wó G‡j G¸‡jv KvR
Ki‡e bv| GB †evU¸‡jv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡e K‡qKk †`kxq
cwienb hv †mbvevwnbxi e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Bmy¨ I cwiewZ©Z Kiv
n‡q‡Q| †mbvevwnbx we‡`ªvnx‡`i †Luv‡R Rjc‡_I †ei“‡Z Pvq|
c~e© evsjvi Dcwb‡ekxKiY
eÈb-e¨e¯’v †f‡½ covq `ywf©‡¶i m¤¢vebv cÖKU n‡q D‡V‡Q|
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡Z‡ivwUi g‡a¨ †Z‡ivwU †Rjv‡ZB Lv‡`¨i
Afve Av‡QÑhv c~iY Kiv nq Pvj I M‡gi chv©ß Avg`vwbi
gva¨‡g| M„nhy‡×i R‡b¨ GeQi Avi Zv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| QqwU
e‡ov I mnmªvwaK †Qv‡UvLv‡Uv weªR weaŸ¯— n‡q †M‡Q, A‡bK
iv¯—vNvUI AwZKª‡gi A‡hvM¨ n‡q c‡o‡Q| †ij-†hvMv‡hvMI
GKB fv‡e aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q, hw`I miKvi ej‡Q †h mewKQy
ÒcÖvq ¯^vfvweKÕÕ| 7B †g ch©š— ZrciZv Pvwj‡q wec¬exiv
PUªMÖvg mgy`ª-e›`i †_‡K DËi ch©š— moK I †ij †hvMv‡hvM,
we‡kl K‡i †dbxi g‡Zv wewkó moK, Rskb aŸsm K‡i
w`‡q‡Q| Lv`¨`ªe¨ mieivn Kiv hv‡”Q bv GB aŸsmKv‡Ûi
R‡b¨| ¯^vfvweK mg‡q PÆMÖvg †_‡K Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq †bŠc‡_
15 kZvsk Lv`¨ mieivn Kiv nq| evwK 85 fvM mieivn Kiv
nq moK I †ijc‡_| GgbwK †bŠc‡_i c~Y© †hvMv‡hvM I
ZrciZv MÖnY Kiv †M‡jI PÆMÖvg ¸`v‡g Rgv Lv`¨ gRy‡Zi
70 kZvsk Lv`¨ mieivn m¤¢e n‡e bv|
Ab¨ `y‡Uv KviYI Gi m‡½ †hvM Kiv `iKvi| cÖ_gZ `ywf©‡¶i
†gvKv‡ejvi R‡b¨ †jvKRb Lv`¨km¨ wb‡R‡`i Kv‡QB gRyZ
K‡i †i‡L‡Q| GB Ae¯’v Av‡iv fqven cwiw¯’wZi Rb¥
w`‡q‡Q| AciwU n‡jv `ywf©¶ m¤ú‡K© RbmvaviY‡K
IqvwKenvj Kivi e¨vcv‡i cvK miKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ| c~e©
evsjvi mvgwiK Mfb©i †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb 18B
Gwcªj GK †eZvifvl‡Y e‡jb †h Lv`¨k‡m¨i mieiv‡ni
e¨vcv‡i wZwb IqvwKenvj Av‡Qb| ZLb †_‡K miKvwi me
32
m~wPcÎ |
Kvq`v e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q Lv`¨-msK‡Ui Z_¨ †Mvcb Kivi
e¨vcv‡i| Gi KviY nj, Gm‡ei c~‡e© mvB‡K¬v‡bi Kvi‡Y m„ó
`ywf©‡¶i g‡Zv `ywf©‡¶ wecyj ˆe‡`wkK mvnv‡h¨i cÖevn ˆZwi
n‡e Ges eÈb-e¨e¯’v †`L‡Z cwi`k©b-`j Avm‡e| Zv n‡j
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Lei wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q ‡Mvcb ivLv Am¤¢e n‡q
co‡e| †mR‡b¨ weïw× Awfhvb †kl bv nIqv ch©š— ¶yavi
Kvi‡Y †jv‡Ki g„Zz¨‡K ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| K…wl
Dbœqb e¨vs‡Ki †Pqvig¨vb Rbve Kviwbi m‡½ wKQyw`b Av‡M
GB mgm¨v wb‡q K_v n‡qwQj| KivPx‡Z kxZvZc wbqwš¿Z
mymw¾Z Awd‡m `ywf©¶ cÖm‡½ wb`©‡qi g‡Zv wZwb e‡jb, ÔGB
`ywf©¶ Zv‡`i m¨v‡evUv‡Ri dj| Kv‡RB, Zv‡`i gi‡Z `vI|
g‡b nq G‡Z evOvwj‡`i †ev‡av`q n‡e|Õ
mvgwiK miKv‡ii c~e© evsjv-bxwZ AvcvZfv‡e GZ ¯^we‡ivax I
AvZ¥webvkx wQ‡jv †h kvmKiv wb‡RivB †Kv‡bv wm×vš— wb‡Z
cviwQj bv| cÖ_gw`‡K ejcÖ‡qv‡Mi åvš— bxwZ MÖnY K‡i
miKvi A‡hŠw³Kfv‡e I †evKvi g‡Zv Rj †Nvjv K‡i
†d‡j‡Q| Gi AvcvZ wKQy KviY wQ‡jv| GKw`‡K, GUv mwZ¨
†h mš¿v‡mi ZxeªZv nÖvm nqwb| wKš‘ `gbbxwZ c~e© evsjvi
we‡¶v‡fi KviY n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| GKvi‡Y cÖwZw`b miKv‡ii
nvRvi nvRvi kΓ M‡o DV‡Q Ges cvwK¯—vb‡K †V‡j w`‡”Q
wew”QbœZvi c‡_|
Ab¨w`‡K, †Kv‡bv miKviB m‡PZb n‡Z cv‡i wb †h GB
bxwZgvjv e¨_© n‡Z cv‡i (c~e© evsjv‡K Awbw`©ófv‡e AvU‡K
ivLvi Rb¨ h‡_ó cwðg cvwK¯—vbx †bB)| `„p cÖkvmwbK I
A_©‰bwZK Kvi‡Y Ges ˆe‡`wkK Dbœqb mn‡hvwMZvq we‡klZ
Av‡gwiKvi K‡Vvi we‡ePbvi Kvi‡Y, hZ `ª“Z m¤¢e GKwU
ivR‰bwZK mg‡SvZv cÖ‡qvRb| ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi 25†k
†g-i msev`-m‡¤§jb Rvbvb †`b †h wZwb welq¸‡jvi ¸i“Z¡
m¤ú‡K© IqvwKenvj| Ges wZwb e‡jb †h ga¨ Ry‡b
cÖwZwbwaZ¡g~jK miKv‡ii e¨vcv‡i wZwb Zvi cwiKíbvi K_v
†NvlYv Ki‡eb|
G mewKQy GUvB wb‡`©k Ki‡Q †h, cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK miKvi
¯^we‡ivax AvPiY Ki‡Q Ges †`‡ki 24 eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m
me‡P‡q Zxeª m¼‡Ui mgvav‡b D‡ëvc‡_ nuvUv ïi“ K‡i‡Q| GwU
nj we¯Z…Zfv‡e dz‡U IVv wPÎ| wKš‘ GUv wK mZ¨? Avgvi
e¨w³MZ gZ nj Gme mZ¨ bq| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b †bZviv Kx
e‡jb, Avi c~‡e© Kv‡R Kx K‡ib GB `yBwU wPÎB Avgvi mivmwi
†`Lvi `ytLRbK my‡hvM n‡q‡Q| Avwg g‡b Kwi miKv‡ii c~&e©
evsjvi bxwZ‡Z mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© †Kv‡bv ¯^we‡iva †bB| c~e©
evsjvq Dcwb‡ekxKiY cÖwKªqv P‡j‡Q| GUv Avgvi †Kv‡bv
†¯^^”QvPvix gZvgZ bq| ev¯—eZv wb‡RB †m K_v ej‡Q|
c~e© evsjv wew”QbœZvev‡`i mg¯— wPý we‡jvc KivB cvK mvgwiK
evwnbxi cÖ_g we‡ePbv wQj Ges GL‡bv Av‡Q| 25†k gvP©
†_‡K miKvi c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b Pjgvb `gbbxwZi gva¨‡g
Ges †h‡Kv‡bv Dcv‡q GB wm×vš— eRvq †i‡L P‡j‡Q| VvÛv
gv_vq Gme wm×vš— †bqv n‡q‡Q Ges VvÛv gv_vq †mw`‡K
G¸‡”QI| c~e© evsjvq aŸsmjxjv Pjvi mgq †Kv‡bv A_©c~Y© I
ev¯—evqb‡hvM¨ ivR‰bwZK mgvavb m¤¢e bq| RwUj cÖkœ nj:
nZ¨vKvÛ wK Av‡`Š _vg‡e ? 9g wWwfk‡bi KgvwÛs Awdmvi
†gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRv 16 GwcÖj Kzwgj¬vq Avgv‡`i cÖ_g
mv¶v‡Z Gi DËi w`‡qwQ‡jb|
ÔÔZzwg wbwðZ _vK‡Z cv‡ivÕÕ, wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔAvgiv gvbyl Avi
A_© `yw`K †_‡KB e¨vcK Avi e¨qeûj Awfhvb Lv‡gvLv MÖnY
Kwiwb| Avgiv GUv‡K GKUv `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e wb‡qwQ Ges Zv
†kl Ki‡Z hvw”Q| Avav‡LPov K‡i †kl Ki‡j ivRbxwZwe`iv
GUv‡K Avevi LyuwP‡q Zzj‡e| wZb Pvi eQi ci ciB GB
mgm¨vwU‡K DV‡Z w`‡Z mvgwiK evwnbx bvivR| †mbvevwnbxi
Ab¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvR Av‡Q| Avwg †Zvgv‡K wbðqZv w`‡Z
cvwi, Avgiv †h cwiKíbv wb‡qwQ, Zv cy‡ivcywi m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
cvi‡j GiKg Awfhv‡bi Avi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|Ó Kg©iZ wZb
wWwfkbvj KgvÛv‡ii g‡a¨ †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRv
Ab¨Zg| AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© c‡` Av‡Qb wZwb| Zv‡K wbðq
AmsjMœ K_v ejvi Rb¨ H c‡` ivLv nqwb|
j¶¨Yxq †h, c~e© evsjvq Avgvi `k w`‡bi md‡i cÖwZwU
mvgwiK Kg©KZ©vi gy‡L †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRvi K_vB
cÖwZaŸwbZ n‡q‡Q| Avi ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv Lvb Rv‡bb †h
hyׇ¶‡Î hviv ˆmb¨ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb ZvivB cvwK¯—v‡bi
wbqwZi wbqš—v| mvgwiK AwfhvbB †mbv Kg©KZ©v‡`i g‰Z‡K¨i
cÖgvY †`q| †h‡Kv‡bv gvÎvqB GUv GKUv cÖavb KvR| GUv
Ggb GKUv welq hvi myBP e„nËg djvdj Qvov Ad ev Ab
Kiv hv‡e bv|
mvgwiK evwnbx Zv‡`i KvR K‡i hv‡”Q
mvgwiK evwnbx B‡Zvg‡a¨ nZ Ges Avn‡Zi weivU cvnvo
M‡o‡Q| XvKvq e¨w³MZfv‡e ï‡bwQ †h mvaviY gvby‡li †P‡q
Awdmvi‡`i †ewk nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges nZvn‡Zi cwigvY
1965 m‡bi †m‡Þ¤^‡ii cvK-fviZ hyׇK AwZKªg K‡i
†M‡Q| †mbvevwnbx Aek¨B Gme ÒRxe‡bvrmM©Ó†K ivR‰bwZK
mgvav‡bi LvwZ‡i, hvi cÖ‡Póv AZx‡Z evievi e¨_© cÖgvwYZ
n‡q‡Q, cvËv †`‡e bv| Zviv †h wm×vš— MÖnY
K‡i‡Q G Ae¯’vq Zv ¯’wMZ Ki‡j Zv AvZ¥web-
vkx n‡q DV‡e| Gi gv‡b GUvB `uvov‡e †h, evOvwj
wec¬ex‡`i m‡½ Zv‡Z Av‡iv m¼U ˆZwi n‡e| cÖPÛ
Av‡Kªvk GLb `yÕc‡¶B Zxeªfv‡e Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q|
Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡¶ mg‡SvZvI GLb m¤¢e bq| GLb m¤ú~Y© Rq
ev civRqB nj GKgvÎ mgvavb| mgq GLb, wew”Qbœ
AmsMwVZ AvaywbK A¯¿nxb wec¬ex`‡ji bq, cvK‡mbv‡`i
c‡¶| wKš‘ Ab¨vb¨ kZ© †hgb e„nr kw³‡`i Ø›Ø, cwiw¯’wZi
†Pnviv cy‡iv cv‡ë w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq cvwK¯—vbx
†mbvevwnbxi w`K †_‡K j¶¨vR©‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv
m‡›`n †bB| ZvB eZ©gvb ¶q¶wZ Zv‡`i Kv‡Q m¤ú~Y©
MÖnY‡hvM¨ welq wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡”Q|
B‡Zvg‡a¨B cÖPzi A_© LiP n‡q †M‡Q c~e© evsjvq Awfhvb
Pvjv‡Z wM‡q, Ges GB Kªgea©gvb e¨q fviB cvK miKv‡ii
cÖwZÁvi cix¶v Ki‡Q| Znwe‡ji e¨vcK LiPvcvwZ GUv ¯úó
K‡i †h ˆmb¨`j e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î wn‡me-wb‡Kk K‡i Kv‡R
bvgv †mbvevwnbxi mKj ¯—‡iB cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©‰bwZK
wewb‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i Aby‡gv`b I mg_©b i‡q‡Q| 25,000
cvK‡mbv‡K c~e© evsjvq wb‡q hvevi g‡Zv mvnmx I e¨qeûj
D‡`¨vM ïay ïay †bqv nqwb| 9g I 16k wWwfkb `yÕ‡Uv cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡b mvgwiK gRyZ wn‡m‡e ivLv n‡qwQ‡jv | eZ©gv‡b
Zv‡`i bewbhyw³ N‡U‡Q cÖPÛ Li‡Pi gva¨‡g|
Pxb Kviv‡Kvivg gnvmoK w`‡q wecyj A¯¿mvnvh¨ cvwV‡q‡Q|
m¤cÖwZ GB A¯¿eb¨v nÖvm †c‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡”Q; cvwK¯—v‡bi
mvgwiK miKv‡ii cÖwZ cÖwZkÖ“wZi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i nq‡Zv
wØZxq †Kv‡bv fvebvi D`q n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GiciI ˆe‡`wkK
gy`ªv msMÖ‡ni Zjvwb †_‡K GK wgwjqb Wjvi g~j¨gv‡bi A¯¿
BD‡ivcxq A¯¿ we‡KªZv‡`i KvQ †_‡K wKb‡Z cvK-miKvi
we›`ygvÎ wØavMÖ¯— nqwb| XvKv, ivIqvjwcwÛ I KivwP‡Z †mbv
Kg©KZ©v‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Avwg wbwðZ n‡qwQ †h Zviv
mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq †`L‡Q c~e© evsjv Awfhvb `ª“Z †kl
K‡i †djvi g‡a¨ I fqsKi AvKªg‡Yi gva¨‡g| GB D‡Ïk¨
md‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq UvKvi cwigvY miKvwi Ab¨vb¨ me
Li‡Pi Ic‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| Dbœqb mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© †_‡g
†M‡Q| GKev‡K¨ ejv hvq, ivR‰bwZK †Kv‡bv mgvavb miKvi
hw` Avš—wiKfv‡e PvB‡Zv Zv n‡j c~e© evsjvi Acv‡ikb
cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Zv, wKš‘ miKvi Zv †_‡K mvgwiKfv‡e
cÖwZkÖ“Ze× n‡q A‡bK `~‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv
GLb e‡m Av‡Qb ev‡Ni wc‡V| Z‡e Zvi wc‡V IVvi Av‡M
A‡bK wnmve-wbKvkI K‡i‡Qb|
33
m~wPcÎ |
Kv‡RB mvgwiK †mbv‡`i mn‡R cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv n‡”Q bv| XvKvi
B÷vb© KgvÛ †nW‡KvqvUv©‡i miKv‡ii c~e© evsjv bxwZ m¤ú‡K©
Avwg Rvbjvg | Gi wZbwU m~Î Av‡Q:
evOvwjiv wb‡R‡`i ÔÔAwek¦¯—ÕÕ wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ K‡i‡Q Ges
Zviv Aek¨B cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Øviv kvwmZ n‡e|
Bmjvgx c×wZ‡Z evOvwj‡`i cybivq wk¶v w`‡Z n‡e|
wew”QbœZvev‡`i cÖeYZv `~i Ki‡Z ÔÔRbMY‡K BmjvwgKiYÕ
(Awdwmqvj cwifvlvq GiKgB ejv n‡q _v‡K) Ki‡Z n‡e
Ges cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½ kw³kvjx agx©q eÜb ˆZwi Ki‡Z
n‡e|
nZ¨v I †`kZ¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g hLb wn›`yiv wbwðý n‡q hv‡e ZLb
Zv‡`i m¤úwË my‡hvMewÂZ evOvwj gymjgvb‡`i gb Rq Ki‡Z
†mvbvwj cyi¯‹vi wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡e| GUv fwel¨‡Zi
cÖkvmwbK I ivR‰bwZK KvVv‡gvi wfwË ¯’vcb Ki‡e|
GB bxwZgvjv AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡mnKv‡i mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖKvk¨ we‡`ªv‡ni Aciv‡a miKvwi Av‡`ke‡j cÖwZi¶vevwn-
bx‡Z Avi †Kv‡bv evOvwji wb‡qvM wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wegvbevwnbx I †bŠevwnbxi ‡hme wmwbqi Awdmvi RwoZ
wQ‡jb bv ÒAvMvg-mZK©Zv wn‡m‡eÓ Zv‡`i ¸i“Z¡nxb RvqMvq
e`wj Kiv n‡q‡Q| evOvwj dvBUvi-cvBjU, hv‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv
Kv‡iv cuvP ev Z‡ZvwaK kΓ-wegvb aŸs‡mi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q,
Zv‡`i MÖvD‡Û cvVv‡bv Ges wegvb-cwiPvjbvewnf©~Z KvRK‡g©
wbhyw³i gva¨‡g gh©v`v ¶zYœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgbwK †`‡ki
`yÕAs‡ki g‡a¨ hvÎx-cwien‡b cwiPvwjZ wcAvB‡qi
wegvbKªz‡`i‡KI evOvwjgy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm n‡jv †Kej evOvwj‡`i wb‡q
AvavmvgwiK evwnbx; we‡`ªvn mgvwß bv Avmv ch©š— Zv‡`i evwZj
K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| wenvix I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †¯^”QvKgx©‡`i
wb‡q wmwfj wW‡dÝ †dvm© bv‡g bZyb evwnbx MVb n‡q‡Q|
cywj‡k wbhyw³i e¨vcv‡iI evOvwji RvqMvq wenvix‡`i †bqv
n‡”Q| G¸‡jv ZË¡veavb Ki‡Qb cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K cvVv‡bv
I †mbvevwnbx KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z Kg©KZ©vMY| Pvu`cy‡ii GwcÖj
gv‡mi †klw`‡K cywjk mycvwi‡›U‡Û›U wQ‡jb GKRb wgwjUvwi-
cywjk-†gRi| kZ kZ cwðg cvwK¯—vbx miKvwi Kg©Pvix
Wv³vi Ges †iwWI, wUwf, †UwjMªvd I †Uwj‡dvb
Kjv‡KŠkjx‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| G`i mevB‡KB
†`qv n‡q‡Q GK ev `yB avc cÖ‡gvk‡bi †jvf| Aek¨ GB e`jx
Kiv n‡q‡Q eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e| miKvwi Kg©KZ©v‡`i †`‡ki †h
†Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b B‡”QgZ e`jx Kivi e¨vcv‡i †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv
mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j GKwU wb‡`©kbvgv Rvwi K‡i‡Qb|
wek¦we`¨vj‡q ÔAbymÜvbÕ
Avgv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q †h fwel¨‡Z †WcywU Kwgkbvi ev c~e©
evsjvi Kwgkbvi‡`i †bqv n‡e nq wenvix bq‡Zv c~e© cvwK¯—vbx
miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i ga¨ †_‡K| Rvbv †M‡Q †h, †Rjv †WcywU
Kwgkbviiv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wew”QbœZvev`x Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½
Nwbôfv‡e hy³| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î, †hgb Kzwgj¬vq, Gme
†WcywU Kwgkbvi‡`i aiv n‡q‡Q Ges ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Kzwgj¬vi †mB we‡kl Kg©KZ©vwU ÔÔ†kL gywR‡ei wjwLZ
wb‡`©k QvovÕÕ †cUªj I Lv`¨ mieivn Ki‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbv‡bvq
cvK‡mbv‡`i †iv‡l wbcwZZ nb 20 gvP©|
miKvi c~e© evsjvi K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jvi IciI wnsmª
n‡q D‡V‡Q| loh‡š¿i m‡½ IZ‡cªvZfv‡e RwoZ e‡j †NvlYv
K‡i †m¸‡jv‡Z ÔAbymÜvbÕ Kivi Av‡`k †`qv nq| A‡bK
Aa¨vcK cvwj‡q †M‡Qb; ¸wj‡Z gviv †M‡Qb †KD †KD|
Zv‡`i ¯’v‡b cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K bZyb wbhyw³i wm×vš— †bqv
n‡q‡Q| evOvwj Kg©KZ©v‡`i ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkvmwbK
I ciivóªxq ms‡e`bkxj c` †_‡K| mewKQy GB mg‡q Pig
mxgvq G‡m †V‡K‡Q| Z‡e cÖkvmb †hgb Pvq, GB
Dcwb‡ekxKiY cÖwKªqv ¯úóZ Zvi A‡a©KI Kv‡R †`qwb|
Kzwgj¬vi mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †gRi AvMv Avgv‡K Gi eû
cÖgvY Avgv‡K †`wL‡q‡Qb| wec¬ex‡`i Øviv weaŸ¯— weªR I iv¯—
v †givg‡Z wZwb ¯’vbxq evOvwj wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx‡`i KvQ †_‡K
evavMÖ¯— nw”Q‡jb| KvR¸‡jv jvj wdZvq ew›` n‡q Av‡Q Ges
weªR¸‡jv ‡ZgbB c‡o Av‡Q| ÔÔAvcwb Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv
†h Iiv KvR Ki‡e|Ó wZwb Avgv‡K e‡jb, ÒKviY I‡`iB
Avgiv nZ¨v K‡iwQ, aŸsm K‡iwQ I‡`iB †`k| Zv‡`i w`K
†_‡K wPš—v Ki‡j ZvB `uvovq, Ges Avgiv Gi `vg w`w”Q|Ó
†ejyP †iwR‡g‡›Ui K¨v‡Þb `yiivwb wQ‡jb Kzwgj¬v-wegvbe›`‡i
cvnviviZ †Kv¤úvwbi `vwq‡Z¡| Gme mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejvq Zvi
wQj wbR¯^ Kvq`v| K‡›Uªvj UvIqv‡i Kg©iZ evOvwj‡`i cÖm‡½
wZwb e‡jb, ÒI‡`i e‡j w`‡qwQ m‡›`nRbK wKQz Ki‡Q GiKg
g‡b n‡jI Zv‡`i ¸wj K‡i gviv n‡e|Ó `yiivwb Zvi K_v I
Kv‡R GK| wKQyw`b Av‡M iv‡Z wegvb-e›`‡ii Av‡k-cv‡k
†Nviv‡div KiwQj Ggb GK evOvwj‡K wZwb ¸wj K‡i †g‡i
†d‡j‡Qb| Ò†m GKRb wec¬ex n‡Z cvi‡ZvÓ Avgv‡K wZwb
ej‡jb| `yiivwb Av‡iKwU wel‡q L¨vwZ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb|
wegvbe›`‡ii Av‡kcv‡ki MÖv‡g Awfhvb Pvjv‡bvi mgq wZwb
wb‡RB ÔÔ60 R‡biI †ewk gvbyl‡KÕÕ LZg K‡iwQ‡jb|
c~e© evsjvi Dcwb‡kxKi‡Yi iƒp ev¯—eZv‡K wbj©¾ QÙ-‡cvkvK
w`‡q †X‡K †djv n‡q‡Q| Bqvwnqv Lvb I
†jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb K‡qK mßvn a‡i
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK
mg_©b Av`v‡qi †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| djvdj Aek¨ Av‡`Š
m‡š—vlRbK bq| mg_©b cvIqv hv‡”Q XvKvi evOvwj AvBbÁ
†gŠjfx dwi` Avn‡g` Ges Rvgv‡Z Bmjv‡gi †Mvjvg AvRg
I dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayixi g‡Zv †jvK‡`i hv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡K MZ
mvaviY wbe©vP‡b cÖPÛ gvi †L‡qwQ‡jb| GKgvÎ D‡j¬L‡hvM¨
e¨w³ b~i“j Avwg‡bi mg_©bB aZ©e¨| MZ wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi evB‡i †_‡K wbe©vwPZ `yÕR‡bi g‡a¨ wZwb GKRb|
GQvovI eq®‹ GB gymwjg jxMvi c~e© evsjvi cÖv³b cÖavbgš¿x|
Zvi eqm GLb mËi| wKš‘ b~i“j AvwgbI mZK©fv‡e Zvi
gZvgZ w`‡”Qb| wZwb AvR ch©š— ïay `y‡Uv wee„wZ w`‡q‡Qb hvi
welqe¯‘ nj Òfvi‡Zi n¯—‡¶cÓ|
Gme Ô`vjvjÕ evOvwj‡`i †ivlvb‡j c‡o‡Qb| dwi` Avn‡g` I
dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix †e`bvZ©fv‡e Gme †_‡K mZK© n‡q
P‡j‡Qb| dwi` Avn‡g` Zvi evwoi `iRv-Rvbvjv memgq eÜ
K‡i iv‡Lb| `iRvi duvK w`‡q hv‡`i kbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib,
ZvivB †Kej †fZ‡i †XvKvi AbygwZ cv‡”Qb|
GKwU we‡kl AKvh©Ki c×wZi gva¨‡g miKvi RvZxq I
cÖv‡`wkK msm‡`i Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ 31 Rb AvIqvgx jxM †bZvi
¶zä †gŠbZv Av`vq K‡i‡Q| cwievi Qvov Avi mK‡ji KvQ
†_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i Zv‡`i AvU‡K ivLv n‡q‡Q Avmbœ
ÔcÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj miKv‡iiÕ Awf‡l‡Ki Rb¨| hw`I Zviv GLb
wb‡R‡`i Qvov Avi KviI cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Qb bv|
†eu‡P hvIqv fvM¨evb `wR© Avãyj evixi eqm 24 eQi| cvwK¯—
v‡bi eqmI Avãyj evixi mgvb| ejcÖ‡qvM K‡i mvgwiK evwn-
bx †`kwU‡K GKwÎZ ivL‡Z cvi‡e| wKš‘ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b hv
Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi A_© `uvovq GKUvB; Zv nj, 1947 mv‡j `yÕwU
mgvb As‡ki gymwjg RvwZi mgš^‡q GKwU †`k M‡o †Zvjvi
¯^cœ gvby‡li wQj, †mUv GLb g„Z| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi cvÄvweiv
Avi c~e© evsjvi evOvwjiv GKB RvwZi Awfbœ RvwZ wn‡m‡e
wb‡R‡`i fvevi m¤¢vebv GLb my`~icivnZ| evOvwj‡`i GLb
GKUvB Svcmv fwel¨r Av‡Q: Dcwb‡e‡ki AmyLx Ae`gb
†_‡K weRqx wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡`i DËiY|
w` mvb‡W UvBgm, 13 Ryb, 1971|
[m~Î: Abyev‡`i Rb¨ cÖwZ‡e`bwU gI`y` Gjvnx m¤úvw`Z
ÔGmvBb‡g›U evsjv‡`kÕ (gwgb cvewj‡KkÝ, 1998, XvKv) MÖš’
†_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q|]
34
m~wPcÎ |
wd‡i †`Lv BwZnvm : cvwK¯—vb †_‡K evsjv‡`k
bvgnxb gvbe
GB Dcgnv‡`‡ki gvbyl evi evi we‡`kx kw³ Øviv
AvKªg‡Yi wkKvi n‡q‡Q| weÖwUk kvmb ïi“ nq 1757
mv‡j evsjvi beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjvi civR‡qi ga¨ w`‡q|
GB `yB kZK a‡i GB A‡ji gvbyl KªgvMZ ¯^vaxbZvi
Rb¨ weÖwUkwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hvw”Q‡jv| wKš‘
1940 Gi ‡Mvovi w`‡K GB Av‡›`vj‡b wn›`y-gymwjg
we‡iva m…wó nq Ges gymwjg jxM fviZ ‡_‡K Avjv`v
n‡q ‡h‡Z Pvq| djkÖywZ‡Z, 1947 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m
weÖwUk mvgÖv‡R¨i Aemvb nq Ges fviZ `yfv‡M fvM nq
a‡g©i wfwˇZÑ GKwU fviZ Ges Ab¨wU cvwK¯—vb|
cvwK¯—v‡bi Avevi ‡fŠMwjK mxgv‡iLvi w`K ‡_‡K `ywU
LÛÑ c~e© cvwK¯—vb I cwðg cvwK¯—vb|
cvwK¯—vb kvmbvgj (1947 - 1971)
cvwK¯—vb g~jZ Ggb GKwU ‡`k wQ‡jv hvi `yB L‡Ûi
gvby‡l-gvby‡l ïaygvÎ ag© Qvov Avi ‡KvbB wgj wQj bv|
nvRvi gvB‡ji `~iZ¡ QvovI Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQj A‡bK
Awgj| ms¯‹…wZ, fvlv, AvPvi-AvPiY GgbwK A_©‰bwZK
Ae¯’v‡bI e¨vcK e¨eavb|
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi RbM‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi m~ÎcvZ
g~jZ 1952 Gi fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q| cvwK¯—
vwbiv ‡mB mgq Avgv‡`i gy‡Li fvlv ‡K‡o wb‡Z
‡P‡qwQj, hv GB A‡ji gvbyl ‡g‡b ‡bqwb| 1951
mv‡ji 21‡k ‡deÖyqvwi c…w_ex‡Z cÖ_g ‡Kvb RvwZ fvlvi
Rb¨ cÖvY w`‡qwQj|
[In 2001, UNESCO declared 21 February as
International mother language day]
cy‡iv cvwK¯—vb kvmbvg‡j GB A‡j MYZš¿ e‡j wKQyB
wQj bv|
IB mg‡qi D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ NUbvejx
1954 gymwjg jx‡Mi wec‡¶ hy³dÖ‡›Ui Rq ‡K‡o ‡bqv nq|
1956 cvwK¯—vb‡K Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿ wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv|
1958 mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi|
1962 Qv·`i mvgwiK kvmbwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb ïi“|
1967 MYgva¨‡g iex›`Ö msMxZ cÖPvi wbwl× Kiv nq|
cy‡iv cvwK¯—vb kvmbvg‡j GB A‡ji gvbyl Zv‡`i fvlv
Ges ms¯‹…wZi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡i hvq| ms¯‹…wZKg©x‡`i
gv‡S ‡`Lv ‡`q Mfxi Am‡š—vl| MYgva¨‡gi Ici
wb‡lavÁv Rvwi Kiv nq| kZ kZ Av‡›`vjbKvix QvÎ
Ges ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv‡`i ‡MÖßvi Kiv nq|
msev`Kg©xivI Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡i Zv‡`i AwaKv‡ii
Rb¨|
1966 AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv ‡kL gywRei ingvb 6
`dv `vwe wb‡q cye© cvwK¯—v‡b MYZš¿ I
¯^vqË¡kvm‡bi Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡ib|
1968 ‡kL gywRei ingvb, wKQy evOvwj mvaviY
gvbyl Ges ‡mbvm`‡m¨i wei“‡× AvMiZjv
lohš¿ gvgjv nq| BwZg‡a¨ ‡K›`Öxq QvÎ
KwgwU Zv‡`i 11 `dv Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡i|
1969 GB Av‡›`vjb Pig i“c ‡bq| BDwbfvwm©wUi
QvÎ Avmv`, beKygvi ¯‹y‡ji QvÎ gwZDi
ingvb Ges ivRkvnx BDwbfvwm©wUi wk¶K
kvgmy‡Ïvnv knx` nb| Av‡›`vj‡bi gy‡L
‡Rbv‡ij Avqye Lvb ‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi
Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i K‡i m‡i hvq|
1970 Pig Pv‡ci gy‡L Bqvwnqv Lvb mvaviY
wbe©vP‡bi ‡NvlYv ‡`b| ‡mB wbe©vP‡b
AvIqvgx jxM c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi 169wU
Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 167wU Avmb cvq, hv mgMÖ
cvwK¯—v‡bi me©‡gvU 300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨
msL¨vMwiô wQj| ZrKvjxb mvgwiK miKvi
GB djvdj ‡g‡b wb‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvq|
gyw³hy×Kvjxb cÖkvmb
cÖkvmwbK MVbZš¿ n‡qwQj AvÂwjK cÖkvmb Ges
gš¿Yvj‡qi mwPee…‡›`i wbqš¿‡Y|
miKvi
‡kL gywRei ingvb - ivóÖcwZ
‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg - DcivóÖcwZ Ges fvicÖvß ivóÖcwZ
ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g` - cÖavbgš¿x
‰mq` gbmyi Avjx - A_©, wkí I evwYR¨ gš¿x
GGBPGg Kvgi“¾vgvb - ¯^ivóÖ, K…wl, ÎvY I cybe©vmb gš¿x
L›`Kvi ‡gvkZvK Avn‡g` - ciivóÖgš¿x
gywRe bMi miKv‡ii mwPee…›`
i“ûj KyÏym - g~L¨mwPe
‡nv‡mb ‡ZŠwdK Bgvg - gwš¿cwil` mwPe
byi“j Kv‡`i Lvb - ms¯’vcbmwPe
L›`Kvi Avmv`y¾vgvb - A_©mwPe
Gg. G. Lv‡jK - ¯^ivóÖmwPe
gvnveyeyj Avjg Pvlx - ciivóÖmwPe
Ave`ym mvgv` - cÖwZi¶vmwPe
W. wU. ‡nv‡mb - ¯^v¯’¨mwPe
byi“wÏb Avn‡g` - K…wlmwPe
Ave`yj nvbœvb ‡PŠayix - AvBb I msm` welqK mwPe
Rq ‡Mvwe›` ‡fŠwgK - ÎvYmwPe
Av‡bvqvi“j nK Lvb - Z_¨mwPe
35
m~wPcÎ |
1971 1jv gvP© cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK miKvi
bewbe©vwPZ msm‡`i cÖ_g Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ
K‡i ‡`q|
7B gvP© ‡kL gywRei ingvb HwZnvwmK GK
fvl‡Y Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK ‡`b Ges
e‡jb ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Õ
gv‡P©i gvSvgvwS‡Z mg‡SvZvi bv‡g ‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv,
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi msL¨vMwiô `‡ji ‡bZv RyjwdKvi
Avwj fy‡Æv Ges AviI K‡qKRb XvKv Av‡m| Av‡jvPbvi
bv‡g Zviv Kvj‡¶cY K‡i Ges Zvi g‡a¨ mvgwiK nvgjv
I MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv K‡i| 25‡k gv‡P©i ga¨ ivwÎ
‡_‡K cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx ÔAcv‡ikb mvP©jvBUÕ ïi“
K‡i, hv wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci ¯^í mg‡q me‡P‡q fqsKi
MYnZ¨v| Zv‡`i cÖavb j¶¨ wQj QvÎvevmmg~n,
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wk¶K, B÷ cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm Ges
cywjk e¨vivK| Zv‡`i GB b…ksm AvKªg‡Y BwcAvi Ges
cywjk cÖv_wgKfv‡e evav ‡`qvi ‡Póv Pvjvq|
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv
25‡k gvP© Kvjiv‡Zi ci 26‡k gv‡P©i cÖ_g cÖn‡i ‡kL
gywRei ingvb Zvi ‡MÖßv‡ii c~‡e© Iq¨vi‡j‡mi gva¨‡g
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`b| 27 Ges 28‡k gvP© PÆMÖv‡gi
KvjyiNv‡U bewbwg©Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K
‡iwWI‡Z ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`b|
gyw³hy× : 25 gvP© - 16 wW‡m¤^i, 1971
cÖv_wgK evav ‡`evi ci ZrKvjxb mymw¾Z cvwK¯—vwb
‡mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki mvaviY gvbyl ‡c‡i
DVwQ‡jv bv Ges Aciw`‡K cvwK¯—vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx
wbwe©Pv‡i mvaviY gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i hvw”Qj| hvi d‡j
gvbyl cÖvYf‡q wb‡R‡`i mewKQz ‡Q‡o cvk¦©eZ©x fvi‡Z
AvkÖq wb‡Z _v‡K|
10B GwcÖj mˇii mvaviY wbe©vP‡bi wbe©vwPZ
m`m¨MY ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi
MVb K‡ib|
17B GwcÖj Kywóqvi ‡g‡nicy‡i MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖ_g miKvi kc_ ‡bq| Gici ‡_‡K ïi“
nq msMwVZ gyw³hy×| mk¯¿ gyw³hy× Ges
hveZxq cÖkvmwbK Kvh©Kªg GB miKvi
ØvivB cwiPvwjZ nq| GKRb ‡m±i
KgvÛv‡ii Aax‡b GKwU K‡i mviv ‡`k‡K
11wU ‡m±‡i fvM Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z
wZbwU wbqwgZ mk¯¿ weÖ‡MW, ‡bŠ-evwnbx
gyw³hy‡× AvÂwjK cÖkvmb
Ges wegvbevwnbx MwVZ nq|
`w¶Y-c~e© AÂj - 1
gyw³hy×we‡ivax kw³ byi“j Bmjvg ‡PŠayix (cÖavb)
‰mq` Avãym mvgv` (cÖkvmK)
cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx wQj AvaywbK A‡¯¿ mymw¾Z|
fviZxq AvKvkmxgv e¨envi Ki‡Z bv cvivq cvwK¯—vbxiv `w¶Y-c~e© AÂj - 2
Zv‡`i ‰mb¨ Ges hy×miÄvg wegvb c‡_ Kj‡¤^v n‡q Rûi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix (cÖavb)
evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avm‡Zv| cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx KvRx iwKe DwÏb (cÖkvmK)
evsjv‡`‡k Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx‡`i kvwš—KwgwU, ivRvKvi, c~e©vÂj
Avje`i I Avjkvgm bv‡g msMwVZ K‡iwQj| GB K‡b©j GgG ie (cÖavb)
¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax kÎyiv cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx‡K MYnZ¨v, W. ‡KG nvmvb (cÖkvmK)
al©Y Ges asmh‡Ái gZ AgvbweK Kvh©Kjv‡c mnvqZv DËi-c~e© AÂj - 1
K‡iwQj| Gi wecix‡Z AvaywbK A‡¯¿ mymw¾Z I ‡`Iqvb dwi` MvRx (cÖavb)
mycÖwkw¶Z cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi wei“‡× QvÎ, K…lK, Gm. GBP. ‡PŠayix (cÖkvmK)
kÖwgK I hyeK‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ ¯^í cÖwkw¶Z gy³evwn-
DËi-c~e© AÂj - 2
bxi msMÖvg mgMÖ c…w_ex‡K wew¯§Z K‡iwQj| kvgmyi ingvb Lvb (cÖavb), jyrdi ingvb (cÖkvmK)
cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx DËivÂj
gwZDi ingvb (cÖavb)
m`i `ßi : B÷vb© KgvÛ d‡qR DwÏb Avn‡g` (cÖkvmK)
wPd gvk©vj jÕ A¨vWwgwb‡÷ÖUi : ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡Rbv‡ij
wU°v Lvb (gvP© - AvM÷, 71), ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡Rbv‡ij cwðgvÂj - 1
GG‡K wbqvRx (AvM÷ - wW‡m¤^i, 71) ‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yi iwng (cÖavb)
wmwfwjqvb A¨vWfvBRvi : ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij ivI digvb G. Kv‡kg Lvb (cÖkvmK)
Avjx cwðgvÂj - 2
Pxd Ad ÷vd : weÖ‡MwWqvi eKi wmwÏKx Avkivdyj Bmjvg (cÖavb)
wiwRIbvj KgvÛvi : ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij bvwRi ‡nvmvBb Rwni“j Bmjvg fyuBqv (cÖkvmK)
kvn, ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij Gg. GBP. Avbmvix, ‡gRi
`w¶Y-cwðg AÂj - 1
†Rbv‡ij iwng Lvb Ave`yi iDd ‡PŠayix (cÖavb), kvgmyj nK (cÖkvmK)
mgi kw³ `w¶Y-cwðg AÂj - 2
wWwfkb : 5, weÖ‡MW : 13, Avg©W ‡iwR‡g›U : 39 dwbf~lY gRyg`vi (cÖavb), we. we. wek¦vm (cÖkvmK)
AvwU©jvwi BDwbU : 1
`w¶YvÂj
Ave`yi ie ‡miwbqvevZ (cÖavb), G. ‡gvwgb (cÖkvmK)
36
m~wPcÎ |

cvwK¯—vbx ‡emvgwiK cÖkvmb

kiYv_©x
Mfb©i : ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb (6B gvP© -
AvM÷, 71), W. GGg gvwjK (‡m‡Þ¤^i - wW‡m¤^i Õ71) AvbygvwbK GK ‡KvwU gvbyl cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi Ges
wPd ‡m‡KªUvwi : mvBdyj AvRg, Kwdj DwÏb gvngy` Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmi‡`i MYnZ¨v, jyUcvU ‡_‡K evuP‡Z
Ges gyw³evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡Z wb‡Ri gvZ…f~wg Z¨vM K‡i
cÖwZ‡ekx fvi‡Z AvkÖq †bq| fvi‡Zi miKvi Ges
¯’vbxq mn‡hvMx RbMb AvkÖq, Lv`¨ Ges wPwKrmv mnvqZv wb‡q GwM‡q cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
G‡mwQj| cvkvcvwk RvwZmsN I Av‡iv wKQy Avš—R©vwZK
hy×Kvjxb cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi `LjK…Z ¯’vbmg~‡n msMVbI mnvqZv wb‡q GwM‡q G‡mwQj| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q
gymwjg jxM, RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx, wcwWwc, ‡W‡gv‡KªwUK A‡bK wkï Ges e…× Acywó I ‡iv‡M gviv hvq|
jx‡Mi gZ ‡gŠjev`x `j Ges Zv‡`i QvÎ msMVbmg~n Wv. ‡Rev gvngy‡`i Revwb‡Z Zvi wcZv
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi AgvbweK Ges ‰ckvwPK kiYv_©x‡`i cwimsLvb: ivRkvnxi wmwbqi cywjk Kg©KZ©v gvgyb
Kvh©Kjv‡c mg_©b w`‡q hvw”Qj| cvkvcvwk Zviv cwðge½ : 74,93,474 gvngy`
¯^vaxbZvi mc‡¶i gvbyl‡`i Ici AZ¨vPvi-wbcxob, wÎcyiv : 14,16,491
al©Y, nZ¨v Ges mgMÖ ‡`‡k jyUZivR Pvjvq| Zviv ‡gNvjq : 6,67,986 wKQy ¯’vbxq ivRbxwZwe` Ges cywjk Kg©KZ©v Zvi
¯^vaxbZvKvgx bi-bvix‡`i cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z Avmvg : 3,12,713 evmvq ‡Mvcb wgwUs K‡ib| wKš‘ Zv ‡Mvcb wQj bv|
Zy‡j w`Z Ges MYnZ¨vq Ask wbZ| wenvi I Ab¨vb¨ : 8,641 Kvib H wgwUs-G wKQy ivRvKvi Dcw¯’Z wQj hviv
me©‡gvU : 98,99,305 cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi Kv‡Q wgwUs-Gi Lei ‡cŠ‡Q
kvwš—evwnbx ‡`q|
MVbKvj GwcÖj, 1971 RvwZms‡Ni kiYv_©x welqK nvBKwgkb wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i Avgvi evev wQ‡jb ‡KvlvMv‡ii `vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©KZ©v|
AvnevqK LvRv Lvqi“wÏb c‡i ¯^í mg‡q ‡`kZ¨v‡Mi GB msL¨v‡K m‡e©v”P e‡j mKv‡j cvwK¯—vwb evwnbxi K¨v‡Þb ‡KvlvMv‡i cÖ‡ek
msMVK ‡Mvjvg Avhg, GwKDGg kwdKyj Bmjvg, AvL¨v ‡`q| Ki‡Z PvB‡j ¯’vbxq cywjk evav w`‡j ‡m Avgvi
‰mq` gvmy` evev‡K Rvbvq| Avgvi evev Rev‡e e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvgvi
gyw³evwnbx ‡jvKRb mwVK KvRB K‡i‡Q| ‡KvlvMv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki
ivRvKvi ‡Kvb AwaKvi ‡Zvgvi ‡bB|Õ H K¨v‡Þb mܨvq Avevi
MVbKvj ‡g, 1971 (Lyjbv) Av‡m Ges Avgvi evev‡K Rvbvq iscyi ‡_‡K
gyw³evwnbx wQj mvnm Ges `…pZvi cÖZxK| AvaywbK A‡¯¿
Aa¨v‡`k Ryb, 1971 weÖ‡MwWqvi Zvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z Pvq| Avgvi evev‡K
mymw¾Z I mycÖwkw¶Z cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi wei“‡×
AvnevqK G‡KGg. BDmyd mivmwi ‡MÖßv‡ii mvnm Zv‡`i wQj bv| Zviv Zv‡`i
QvÎ, K…lK, kÖwgK I hyeK‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ ¯^í
cwiPvjK GGmGg Rûi“j nK mv‡_ evev‡K K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U hvIqvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva K‡i|
cÖwkw¶Z gy³evwnbxi ex‡ivwPZ msMÖvg mgMÖ c…w_ex‡K
AevK K‡i w`‡qwQj| cÖavbZ cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxZ¨vMx
Avje`i I Avjkvgm evsjv‡`kx m`m¨ivB gyw³evwnbxi ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡qwQj| Avgvi GLbI g‡b Av‡Q evev wR‡c K‡i WÖvBfvi Ges
RvgvqvZ Bmjvgxi QvÎ msMVb Bmjvgx QvÎ msN Øviv MvW©mn K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U hvb| wZwb Avi ‡Kvbw`b wd‡i
MwVZ| 25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v ïi“i ci ciB ‡mbvevwnbxi evOvwj Av‡mbwb| ‡h kqZv‡bi _vev ‡_‡K evev ‡`k‡K
mgMÖ cvwK¯—vb cÖavb, Avj e`i : gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, m`m¨‡`i ‡bZ…‡Z¡ B.wc.Avi, cywjk I mvaviY RbZv evuPv‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb ‡mB kqZvbB Avgvi evev‡K
eZ©gvb Avwgi, RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx evsjv‡`k| cÖv_wgK cÖwZ‡iva M‡o Zy‡jwQj| wKš‘ cvwK¯—vbx wPiZ‡i Avgv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K ‡K‡o ‡bq|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb cÖavb, Avj e`i : Avjx Avnmvb gynv¤§` ‡mbvevwnbxi AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L Zv‡`i‡K wcQy n‡U fviZ I
gyRvwn`, eZ©gvb ‡m‡KªUvix, RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx mxgvš—eZ©x GjvKvq Ae¯’vb wb‡Z n‡qwQj|
evsjv‡`k| 4Vv GwcÖj cÖv_wgK cÖwZ‡iv‡ai mv‡_ m¤ú…³ wKQy evOvwj

37
m~wPcÎ |
‡mbv Kg©KZ©v wm‡j‡Ui ‡Zwjqvcvovq GKwÎZ nb GKwU
mgwš^Z jovB ïi“i D‡Ï‡k¨| Zviv K‡Y©j GgGwR
Imgvbx‡K cÖavb K‡i gyw³hy‡×i cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡ib|
11B RyjvB gwš¿cwil` mgMÖ ‡`k‡K GKRb K‡i ‡m±i
KgvÛv‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 11wU ‡m±‡i wef³ K‡ib|
gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`‡ki ‡mbvevwnbx
me©vwabvqK : K‡Y©j GgGwR Imgvb
cÖavb ÷vd Awdmvi : ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U K‡b©j GgG ie
Dc-cÖavb : MÖ“c K¨v‡Þb G‡K L›`Kvi
‡m±img~n
‡m±i: 1
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb (GwcÖj - Ryb),
‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg (Ryb - wW‡m¤^i)
‡m±i mxgvbv: PÆMÖvg, cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg Ges gyûix b`xi
c~e©ZxieZ©x GjvKvmg~n|
m`i `ßi: nwiYv|
‡m±i: 2
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi Lv‡j` ‡gvkvid (GwcÖj -
‡m‡Þ¤^i),
‡gRi GwUGg nvq`vi (‡m‡Þ¤^i - wW‡m¤^i)
‡m±i mxgvbv: ‡bvqvLvjx, Kywgj¬vi wKQy Ask, XvKv kni
Ges dwi`cy‡ii c~e©vÂj|
m`i `ßi: ‡gNvjq|
‡m±i: 3
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi ‡KGg kwdDj¬vn (GwcÖj -
‡m‡Þ¤^i),
‡gRi GGbGg byi“¾vgvb (‡m‡Þ¤^i - wW‡m¤^i)
‡m±i mxgvbv: wm‡jU, Kywgj¬vi wKQy Ask, XvKv ‡Rjvi
DËivÂj Ges wK‡kviMÄ|
m`i `ßi: gvbZjv (wm‡jU)|
‡m±i: 4
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi wPËiÄb `Ë
‡m±i mxgvbv: wm‡j‡Ui wKQy Ask
m`i `ßi: ‡LvqvB|
‡m±i: 5
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi gxi kIKZ Avjx
‡m±i mxgvbv: wm‡j‡Ui wKQy Ask, AvRwgixMÄ, jvLvB
Gi cwðgvÂj|
m`i `ßi: wkjs|
‡m±i: 6
‡m±i KgvÛvi: DBs KgvÛvi Gg‡K evkvi
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
‡m±i mxgvbv: iscyi, w`bvRcyi, VvKyiMvuI|
m`i `ßi: cvUMÖvg (iscyi)|
msev`Kg©x bvw`g Kv‡`‡ii fvlvq Zvi
‡m±i: 7 evev PÆMÖv‡gi K‡Y©j Kv‡`i
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi bvRgyj nK (RyjvB - AvMó),
‡gRi KvRx byi“¾vgvb (AvMó - wW‡m¤^i) GKw`b Lye ‡fv‡i GKRb cvwK¯—vbx K¨v‡Þb Zvi
‡m±i mxgvbv: ivRkvnx, cvebv, e¸ov| evwnbx wb‡q Avgv‡`i evmvq G‡m Avgvi evev‡K e‡j,
m`i `ßi: Zi½cyi| ÔZywg D”Pc`¯’ Kg©KZ©v nIqv m‡Ë¡I ‡Zvgv‡K Avwg
m¤§vb ‡`Lv‡Z cviwQ bv| Zywg GKRb wek¦vmNvZK,
‡m±i: 8 ‡Zvgv‡K Avgv‡`i mv‡_ ‡h‡Z n‡e|Õ Zvici ‡_‡K
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi Avey Imgvb ‡PŠayix (GwcÖj - mKj Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ Avgiv evev‡K me©Î LyuwR wKš‘
AvMó), Avi Zv‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv hvqwb| g…Zy¨i AvM ch©š—
‡gRi Gg. G. gbRyi (AvMó - wW‡m¤^i) Avgvi gv Zvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡ib| Avgiv Zvi jvk
‡m±i mxgvbv: h‡kvi, Kywóqv, dwi`cyi Ges Lyjbvi wKQy ‡`wLwb ZvB memgq GB Avkvq _vwK ‡h wZwb GKw`b
Ask| wd‡i Avm‡eb|
m`i `ßi: Kj¨vYx| Avgvi evevi GKgvÎ Aciva wQ‡jv ‡Zj Ges M¨vmK‚c
Lb‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq we‡ùviK ‡h ¸`v‡g wQj, Zvi
‡m±i: 9 Pvwe Avgvi evevi Kv‡Q _vK‡Zv Ges cvwK¯—vbx
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi Gg. G. Rwjj ‡mbvevwnbx ‡Rvic~e©K ‡mB ¸`vg Ly‡j Zviv ‡Kvb
‡m±i mxgvbv: ewikvj, cUyqvLvjx Ges Lyjbvi wKQy we‡ùviK cvqwb| wZwb me we‡ùviK gyw³‡hv×v ‡gRi
Ask| iwd‡Ki Kv‡Q n¯—vš—i K‡iwQ‡jb| GB we‡ùviK¸‡jv
m`i `ßi: nvmbvev`| gyw³‡hv×viv e¨envi Ki‡Zv|
‡m±i: 10
Lyjbvi gyw³‡hv×v mvjvg Lv‡bi gy‡L Zvi
GB ‡m±iwU ‡bŠ-Kgv‡Ûv‡`i wb‡q MwVZ n‡qwQj|
Pvi gv‡mi wkï ‡invbv
‡m±i: 11
‡m±i KgvÛvi: ‡gRi Gg. G. Zv‡ni (AvMó - b‡f¤^i), Pvi gv‡mi wkï ‡invbvI wQj cvwK¯—vbx evwnbxi
‡¯‹vqvWÖb wjWvi nvwg`yj¬vn (b‡f¤^i - wW‡m¤^i) b…ksmZvi wkKvi| Zvi Aciva wQ‡jv ‡m gyw³‡hv×v
‡m±i mxgvbv: Uv½vBj, gqgbwms‡ni wKQy Ask| Ave`ym mvjvg Lv‡bi Kb¨v| 30‡k GwcÖj cvwK¯—vbx
m`i `ßi: g‡n›`ÖMÄ| evwnbx Zvi evox‡Z nvbv ‡`q| wKš‘ Ave`ym mvjvg‡K
bv ‡c‡q Zviv ‡invbv‡K ey‡Ui Zjvq wcó K‡i nZ¨v
K‡i| 38
m~wPcÎ |
ycÖ_gw`‡K gyw³evwnbx kÎy‡`i mvgwiK NvuwU, Zv‡`i
‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v Ges Zv‡`i ¯’vbxq ‡`vmi‡`i Dci
‡Mwijv AvKªgY PvjvZ| RyjvB gvm ‡_‡K wZbwU wbqwgZ
weÖ‡MW MVb Kiv nq| weÖ‡MW¸‡jvi bvgKiY Kiv
n‡qwQj KgvÛvi‡`i bv‡gi Av`¨v¶i w`‡q|
weÖ‡MWmg~n
‡RW ‡dvm© KgvÛvi : ‡j. K‡b©j wRqvDi ingvb
Gm ‡dvm© KgvÛvi : ‡j. K‡b©j ‡K. Gg. kwdDj¬¨vn
‡K ‡dvm© KgvÛvi : ‡j. K‡b©j Lv‡j` ‡gvkvid
evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ-evwnbx
dÖv‡Ýi Zyjb e›`‡i cvwK¯—vb mve‡gwib Ôg¨vs‡MÖvÕ‡Z
cÖwk¶YiZ 8 Rb evsjv‡`kx mve‡gwibvi 31‡k gvP©
cvwj‡q fvi‡Z P‡j Av‡m| cÖv_wgKfv‡e ZvivB
evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ-evwnbxi ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b| evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ-evwn-
bx mivmwi gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK K‡b©j GgGwR
Imgvbxi ZË¡veav‡b ‡m±i 10 Gi Aax‡b ivLv nq|
cjvkxi fvwMi_x b`xi Zx‡i 27‡k ‡g †_‡K 6B AvMó
ch©š— evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ-evwnbxi 315 Rb ‡bŠ Kgv‡Ûvi cÖ_g
`jwU cÖwk¶Y ‡bq| me©‡gvU 490 Rb ‡bŠ Kgv‡Ûv
cÖwk¶Y wb‡qwQj|
G‡`i ga¨ ‡_‡K 160Rb ‡bŠ Kgv‡Ûv AvM‡÷i
gvSvgvwS mg‡q PÆMÖvg, gsjv, Pvu`cyi Ges bvivqYM‡Ä
ÔAcv‡ikb R¨vKcUÕ G Ask ‡bq| GB `ytmvnwmK
Awfhv‡b 26wU RvnvR aŸsm Kiv n‡qwQj| Aj BwÛqv
‡iwWI‡Z `ywU we‡kl Mvb cÖPvi K‡i GB Awfhv‡b
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ms‡KZ ‡`qv n‡Zv|
evsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbx
bvMvj‡›`i axgvcyi wegvb NvuwU‡Z 1971 mv‡ji 28‡k
‡m‡Þ¤^i evsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbxi Rb¥| MÖ“c K¨v‡Þb
G‡K L›`Kvi‡K cÖavb K‡i 10 Rb cvBjU, 67 Rb
‡UKwbwkqvb, 1wU wWwm-3 Wv‡KvUv, 1wU IUvi Ges 1wU
Gj‡gU ‡nwjKÞvi wb‡q MVb Kiv nq GB evwnbx| 3iv
wW‡m¤^i 1971 evsjv‡`k wegvb evwnbx ‡Mv`bvBj Ges
PÆMÖv‡gi ‡Zj cwi‡kvabvMvi AvKªgY K‡i|
Ab¨vb¨ evwnbx
gywRe evwnbx - cÖavb : ‡kL dRjyj nK gwb, wmivRyj
Avjg Lvb, Avãyi iv¾vK, ‡Zvdv‡qj Avn‡g`|
QvÎ BDwbqb, b¨vc, wmwcwe - cÖavb : ‡gvnv¤§` dinv`
Kv‡`wiqv evwnbx - cÖavb : Kv‡`i wmwÏKx
‡ngv‡qZ evwnbx - cÖavb : ‡ngv‡qZ DwÏb
Avdmvi e¨v‡Uwjqvb - cÖavb : ‡gRi Avdmvi DwÏb
Avn‡g`
Avš—R©vwZK `…wófw½
wesk kZvãxi mËi `k‡K cy‡iv we‡k¦ `yB civkw³
Av‡gwiKv I ivwkqvi cÖfve wQj me‡P‡q ‡ewk| Gwkqv
Ges AvwdÖKvi wewfbœ ‡`‡k Dcwb‡ewkK kw³i wei“‡×
Av‡›`vjb PjwQj| GgZve¯’vq RvwZms‡Ni KwZcq
wm×vš—‡KI cÖfvevwš^Z K‡i| Gi mv‡_ evsjv‡`k
miKviI K~U‰bwZK ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ iv‡L|
fviZ
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi ‡cQ‡b fvi‡Zi fywgKv
Ab¯^xKvh©|
1. j¶ j¶ kiYv_©xi Lvevi, AvkÖq I wPwKrmv‡mev w`‡q
mnvqZv K‡i|
2. ivRbxwZwe`, ‡ckvRxwe, mvgvwRK msMVb,
cÖPvigva¨g Ges RbMY evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ RbgZ MVb
Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| eyw×Rxwe Ges mvs¯‹…wZK e¨vw³Z¡
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ K¨v‡¤úBb K‡i|
3. fviZ miKvi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cÖwk¶‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|
4. 1971 mv‡ji 6B wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‡`q
fviZ| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡hŠ_ KgvÛ Ges fviZxq B÷vb©
KgvÛ GKmv‡_ AvKªgY ïi“ K‡i Ges djkÖ“wZ‡Z 16B
wW‡m¤^i ‡hŠ_evwnbxi Kv‡Q cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx
AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i|
‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb Ges mgvRZvwš¿K ‡`kmg~n
¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi P~ovš— djvd‡j ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb
Ges mgvRZvwš¿K ‡`kmg~n ¸i“Z¡c~Y© fywgKv iv‡L|
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
eo fvB ‰mq`cy‡ii W. kvg‡k` Avjx
m¤ú‡K© AvdZve Avn‡g`
‰mq`cy‡ii Dˇi GKwU ev®úxq BwÄb wQj ‡hLv‡b
g…Z‡`n¸‡jv cywo‡q ‡djv n‡Zv| ‡MÖßv‡ii c‡i Avgvi
fvB‡K ‡mB Bwćbi Kv‡Q GKwU M‡Z©i cv‡k ¸wj
Kivi Rb¨ ‡bqv nq| wgR©v bvgK GKRb wenvix‡K GB
nZ¨vi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq| ¸wj Kivi mgq Avgvi fvB
ivB‡djwU wQwb‡q ‡bqvi ‡Póv K‡ib, wKš‘ wZwb e¨_©
nb| Gici Zviv Avgvi fvB‡K nZ¨v K‡i ev®úxq
Bwćb Zvi g…Z‡`n cywo‡q ‡djvi ‡Póv K‡i wKš‘ Zvi
wekvj kvwiixK AvK…wZi Kvi‡Y Zv m¤¢e nqwb| ZLb
Zviv Zvi `y-nvZ, `y-cv ‡K‡U ‡d‡j Zvi kixiwU
cywo‡q ‡d‡j| Avgiv `vd‡bi Rb¨ Zvi ‡`nwU cvBwb|
cÖZ¨¶`k©x ‡jLK ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i
fvlvq wd‡ivRcyi
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvm`m¨iv e›`x‡`i ‡LRyi Mv‡Q Po‡Z
e‡j| Gici Zviv Z‡`i ¸wj K‡i gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j Ges
Avb‡›` Dj¬wmZ ‡mbvm`m¨iv ‡LRyi Lyu‡R Lvw”Qj| Avwg
ïb‡Z ‡cjvg fwMi_x bvgK GKRb‡K Pjš— wR‡ci
mv‡_ ‡eu‡a cÖKv‡k¨ nZ¨v Kiv nq| cÖwZw`b b`x‡Z
g…Z‡`n fvm‡Z ‡`LZvg| wPj kKyb ‡`LZvg g…Z‡`‡ni
Rb¨ A‡c¶vq e‡m Av‡Q| wKš‘ GBme g…Z‡`‡ni cÖwZ
Zv‡`iI Avi Drmvn wQj bv| ‡Kvb kKyb‡KB ‡mw`b
‡Kvb g…Z‡`‡ni Dci em‡Z ‡`wLwb| ‡mw`b †`‡LwQjvg
30-35 erm‡ii meyR kvU© civ ga¨eq¯‹ GKRb cyi“l
Ges 7-8 erm‡ii GK ‡g‡qi Zv‡K Rwo‡q a‡iwQj|
Zvi nv‡Z ZLbI ‡g‡nw`i is wQj| 39
m~wPcÎ |
3iv GwcÖj 1971 : ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi ZrKvjxb
‡cÖwm‡W›U cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi Kv‡Q cye©
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ae¯’v Ges ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ‡MÖßv‡ii
e¨vcv‡i D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡i wPwV ‡`b|
Ryb-RyjvB 1971 : ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ mg_©b ‡P‡q
evsjv‡`k ‡_‡K GKwU `j ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb, ‡cvj¨vÛ,
nv‡½wi Ges Rvg©vwb mdi K‡i|
9B AvM÷ 1971 : fviZ-‡mvwf‡qZ kvwš—, eÜyZ¡ Ges
mn‡hvwMZv Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq| hvi mvi welq wQj, G‡`i
‡h‡Kvb GKwU ‡`‡ki Dci nvgjv n‡j Aci ‡`k GwM‡q
Avm‡e| GB Pyw³ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ Avš—
R©vwZK RbgZ MV‡b mnvqK fywgKv cvjb K‡i|
c~e© BD‡iv‡ci mgvRZvwš¿K ‡`k¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶
mg_©b ‡`q| wmwKDwiwU KvDw݇ji m`m¨ ‡cvjvÛ
evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ Ae¯’vb ‡bq|
gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ
‡mmgq hy³iv‡óÖi ivóÖcwZ wQ‡jb wiPvW© wb·b Ges
RvZxq cÖwZi¶v Dc‡`óv wQ‡jb ‡nbix wKwmÄvi|
miKvi :
1. wb·b cÖkvmb KL‡bvB cvwK¯—vbx‡`i MYnZ¨v Ges
cvkweK AZ¨vPv‡ii wei“‡× Ae¯’vb ‡bqwb|
2. 1971 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i hy³iv‡óÖi mßg ‡bŠeni
e‡½vcmvM‡ii w`‡K G‡Mvq, hv ‡hŠ_evwnbx Lye ¸i“Z¡
mnKv‡i ‡bq Ges R‡qi c‡_ GKavc GwM‡q hvq|
cÖPvigva¨g Ges e¨w³Z¡ :
wKQy ‡bZ…¯’vbxq wm‡bUi, Ks‡MÖm m`m¨, eyw×Rxwe,
K‚U‰bwZK Ges kxl©¯’vbxq msev`cÎ cvwK¯—vbx ee©iZvi
wec‡¶ Ae¯’vb ‡bq|
1. XvKv¯’ hy³iv‡óÖi ZrKvjxb ivóÖ`~Z AvP©vi ‡K. e¬vW
Zvi AviI 20 Kg©KZ©vi ¯^v¶imn miKv‡ii mv‡_
wfbœgZ ‡cvlY K‡i wPwV ‡`q|
2. GwcÖj ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^i ch©š— 45 Rb wm‡bUi cvwK¯—
v‡bi GB AcK‡g©i wec‡¶ Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi Ici
mvgwiK wb‡lavÁv Av‡iv‡ci Rb¨ gZvgZ e¨³ K‡ib|
3. wm‡bUi GWIqvW© ‡K‡bwW fvi‡Z kiYv_©x wkwei mdi
K‡ib Ges cvwK¯—vwb MYnZ¨vi wb›`v Rvbvb|
4. f‡qm Ad Av‡gwiKv Ges wKQy msev`cÎ wbqwgZ
cvwK¯—v‡bi gvbweK AwaKvi ¶yYœ Kivi e¨vcv‡i Ges
gyw³evwnbxi `ytmvnwmK Awfhv‡bi K_v cÖPvi K‡i| hv
evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ RbgZ MV‡b mnvqK fywgKv cvjb
K‡i|
BD‡ivc
1. weª‡Ub, dÖvÝ Ges Rvg©vwbi ivR‰bwZK ‡bZ…e…›` cvwK¯—
v‡bi AZ¨vPv‡ii wec‡¶ k³ Ae¯’vb ‡bq|
2. weª‡U‡b evsjv‡`kx‡`i Rbmfvq jW© eÖyKI‡q Ges
cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ wcUvi ‡kvi, gvB‡Kj evb©m Ges Rb
‡÷vbnvBm e³e¨ iv‡Lb|
3. dÖv‡Ýi weL¨vZ `vk©wbK Av‡›`ª gv‡jv© Zvi eva©K¨
m‡Ë¡I evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× AskMÖn‡Yi B”Qv Ávcb
K‡ib|
4. Rvg©vwbi Gwkqvb óvwWi Aa¨vcK IqvBWg¨vb c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi aŸsmjxjv e‡Üi c‡¶ wee…wZ ‡`b|
5. BD‡iv‡ci ‡ewkifvM cÖPvigva¨g MYnZ¨vi cÖK…Z Qwe
Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Kv‡Ûi msev` cÖPvi K‡i|
Pxb
1. Pxb miKvi cvwK¯—vb ‰¯^ikvmK‡`i ‡bqv c`‡¶c
mg_©b K‡i|
2. Pxb Ges hy³ivóÖB g~jZ cvwK¯—vb‡K A¯¿ w`‡q
mnvqZv K‡i|
3. 1971 mv‡ji 1jv b‡f¤^i Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡iwWI‡Z GK
fvl‡Y e‡jb, Pxb cvwK¯—vb‡K A¯¿ mnvqZv Ae¨vnZ
ivL‡e Ges hw` fviZ cvwK¯—vb AvKªgb K‡i Z‡e Pxb
cvwK¯—v‡bi c¶ †b‡e|
Rvcvb
1. wKQy Rvcvwb ivRbxwZwe`, wk¶vwe` Ges msev`cÎ
cvwK¯—v‡bi Pig AgvbweK AvPi‡Yi we‡ivwaZv K‡i|
2. cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ ‡K. wbïgyiv kiYv_©x wkwei cwi`k©b
K‡ib Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Kiv
DwPZ e‡j gš—e¨ K‡ib|
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
RMbœv_ nj - XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
cÖZ¨¶`k©x Kvwj iÄb kx‡ji gy‡L 25‡k
gv‡P©i KvjivwÎ
Zviv Avgv‡`i‡K g…Z‡`n¸‡jv Zy‡j Mv‡Qi wb‡P R‡ov
Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`j| Gici Avgv‡`i‡K ‡QvU ‡QvU Mªy‡c
fvM Kiv nq Ges Avgv‡`i Mªyc‡K wk¶K‡`i AvevwmK
GjvKvq wb‡q hvq ‡hLv‡b Wt ¸nVvKyiZv evm
Ki‡Zb| ‡mLv‡b wmuwoi wb‡P Avgiv ‡ekwKQy g…Z‡`n
‡`L‡Z cvB| Avwg wVK ¯§iY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv wVK
KZ¸‡jv g…Z‡`n Avgiv ‡mLvb ‡_‡K mwi‡q wQjvg|
Z‡e Avwg GUv g‡b Ki‡Z cviwQ ‡h ‡kl g…Z‡`nUv
wQj H iv‡Zi cÖnix mybx‡ji| Zvi kixi ZLbI Mig
wQj| GUv n‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K ‡g‡iwQj ‡ewk¶Y nqwb
A_ev Dò AvenvIqvi Kvi‡Y| Avwg hLb Zvi
g…Z‡`n gv‡Vi ga¨ w`‡q e‡q wb‡q hvw”Qjvg ZLb
Avwg Kv‡Qi ew¯—‡Z gwnjv‡`i Kvbœvi AvIqvR ïb‡Z
‡c‡qwQjvg| ‡mB gwnjviv gv‡V Avm‡Z Pvw”Qj Ges
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvm`m¨iv Zv‡`i ¸wj Kivi fq ‡`wL‡q
evuav w`w”Qj| Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB Avgv‡`i Mªyc ‡_‡K
Avjv`vK…Z Svo–`v‡ii Mªyc‡K G‡jvcv_vwo ¸wj K‡i
nZ¨v Kiv nq| Avwg ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b `k©‡bi Aa¨vcK
Wt ‡MŠo ‡Mvwe›` ‡`‡ei Aa©-Dj½ g…Z‡`n ‡`L‡Z
cvB, hv‡Z wbg©g AZ¨vPv‡ii wPý ¯úó ‡evSv hvw”Qj|
Avgv‡K ‡h ‡Q‡jwU mvnvh¨ KiwQj ‡m ej‡jv, Zviv Wt
‡`e‡KI nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Zvn‡j Avgiv Avi g…Z¨y‡K fq
cvw”Q ‡Kb? Avwg K¬vš— kix‡i mybxj Ges Wt ‡`‡ei
g…Z‡`‡ni gv‡S ï‡q cwo|
40
m~wPcÎ |
cÖevmx evsjv‡`kx‡`i f~wgKv
cvwK¯—vb kvmbvg‡j miKv‡ii ‰elg¨g~jK AvPi‡Yi
Kvi‡Y Lye Kg msL¨K evOvwj D”Pwk¶v, PvKwi A_ev
e¨emvi Rb¨ we‡`k ‡h‡Z cvi‡Zv|
ZviciI GB ¯^í msL¨K evOvwj evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
c‡¶ e¨vcK RbgZ M‡o Zy‡jwQj| Zviv cy‡iv wek¦‡K
Rvbv‡Z ‡P‡qwQj wKfv‡e cvwK¯—vbxiv evOvwj‡`i Dci
AZ¨vPvi Pvjv‡”Q| cvkvcvwk Zviv evOvwj kiYv_©x‡`i
Rb¨ Avw_©K mvnvh¨ msMÖn K‡i|
hy³ivR¨
1. hy³iv‡R¨i cÖavb kni¸‡jv‡Z eo eo i¨vwj I mfvi
Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| jÛ‡bi UÖvdvjMvi ¯‹qv‡i 4Vv GwcÖj
I 1jv AvMó Ges nvBW cv‡K© 19‡k Ryb eo AvKv‡i
m‡¤§jb Kiv nq| i¨vwj ‡_‡K e…‡U‡bi cÖavbgš¿xi
Kvh©vj‡q ¯§viKwjwc ‡`qv nq|
2. mfvq evsjv‡`kx‡`i cvkvcvkx jW© eÖyKI‡q,
cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ wcUvi ‡kvi, RR© ‡÷vb, gvB‡Kj evb©m
I evsjv‡`kx‡`i cÖwZ mngwg©Zv cÖKvk K‡i fvlY ‡`b|
3. 24‡k GwcÖj cvuP m`m¨wewkó Kvh©Kix KwgwU MVb
Kiv nq hvi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq (cieZ©x‡Z wePvicwZ) Avey
mvC` ‡PŠayix‡K| GB KwgwUi D‡Ïk¨ wQj Avš—R©vwZK
K¨v‡¤úBb Kiv|
4. weª‡U‡b cvwK¯—vbx `~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ wKQy evOvwj
K‚U‰bwZ‡Ki PvKwi ‡Q‡o GB K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b|
fviZ
1. ivRbxwZwe`, wk¶vwe` Ges mvs¯‹…wZK e¨w³Z¡
fvi‡Zi wewfbœ cÖ‡`‡k K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b|
2. KjKvZv Ges bqv w`j¬x‡Z Aew¯’Z cvwK¯—vbx
`~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ evOvwjiv cvwK¯—v‡bi we‡ivwaZv K‡i
Ges fviZ K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b|
3. wkíxiv kiYv_©x wkwei Ges gyw³‡hv×v K¨v¤ú¸‡jv‡Z
wewfbœ cwi‡ekbvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i mvnm ‡hvMvb|
4. wPwKrmKiv kiYv_©x wkwei Ges AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
wPwKrmv‡mev w`‡q mvnvh¨ K‡i|
gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ
1. 1971 mv‡ji 29‡k gvP© hy³ivóÖ cÖevmx evOvwjiv
IqvwksU‡bi K¨vwc‡Uj wn‡j m‡¤§jb K‡i| Zviv
hy³iv‡óÖi ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b Ges RvwZms‡Ni mwPe BD.
_v‡›Ui Kv‡Q ¯§viKwjwc ‡ck K‡ib|
2. hy³iv‡óÖ Aew¯’Z cvwK¯—vb `~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ 22Rb
evOvwj c`Z¨vM K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM
‡`b| Zv‡`i Kvh©Kªg wQj g~jZ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eywS‡q eyw×Rxwe, wPš—vwe` Ges wm‡bUi‡`i
`…wó AvKl©Y Kiv| djkÖywZ‡Z 45 Rb wm‡bUi Ges
Ks‡MÖm m`m¨ cvwK¯—v‡bi ee©iZvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i wee…wZ
‡`b|
Rvcvb
Rbve GmG Rvjvj Zvi mnKg©x‡`i wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ K¨v‡¤úBb Pvwj‡q hvb| Zviv Rvcv‡bi
cÖavb cÖavb ivRbxwZwe`, M‡elK Ges eyw×Rxwe‡`i
mg_©b cvb Ges Rvcv‡bi msev`cθ‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki
c‡¶ Lei cÖKvk K‡i|
MYnZ¨v
cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmiiv
1971 Gi gvP© ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^i ch©š— wbwe©Pv‡i MYnZ¨v,
AZ¨vPvi, al©Y Ges AwMœms‡hvM Pvjvq| AvbygvwbK wÎk
j¶ ‡jvK Zv‡`i nv‡Z knx` nq|
`yB †_‡K Pvi j¶ bvix Zv‡`i nv‡Z kvixwiK wbh©vZ‡bi
¯^xKvi nq| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci GUvB wQj ¯^íZg
mg‡q b…ksmZg MYnZ¨v| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡Kv‡bv MÖvg Ges
kni Zv‡`i GB aŸsmjxjv ‡_‡K ‡invB cvqwb|
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Ai“Y ‡`i gy‡L Zvi
evev gaymyab ‡`
25‡k gv‡P©i ga¨ivZ ‡_‡KB Avwg ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡qwQjvg
‡mbvevwnbx RMbœv_ nj wN‡i ‡i‡LwQj| Pviw`‡K ¸wji
AvIqvR ‡kvbv hvw”Qj| Lye ‡fv‡i Avgiv ïb‡Z cvB
K‡qKRb Avgv‡`i `iRv bK Ki‡Q| Zviv Xy‡KB Avgvi
evev‡K ¸wj Kivi Rb¨ `vuov‡Z e‡j| ZLb Avgvi gv Zvi
mvg‡b `vuwo‡q evuav w`‡j Zviv Avgvi gv‡qi nvZ ‡K‡U
‡d‡j| Avwg `iRvq `vuwo‡q wQjvg Ges GB b…ksmZv ‡`‡L
`iRv eÜ K‡i ‡`B| Zviv jvw_ w`‡q `iRv Ly‡j ‡d‡j|
Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB gv ZLbI evevi kix‡ii Dci c‡o
Av‡Qb Avi ‡mbvm`m¨iv ZLbI ¸wj Pvwj‡q hvw”Qj|
wKQy¶Y c‡i evev `iRvi w`‡K G‡Mv‡Z Pvb wKš‘ wZwb Zvi
Wvb nvZ Ges cv bvov‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv| evevi wc‡V we×
¸wj ‡`‡L Avwg Zv ‡ei Kwi| ZLbI evevi cÖvY wQ‡jv|
Avgvi gv, fvB Ges Zvi ¯¿xi g…Z‡`n 10-12 w`b a‡i
Avgv‡`i N‡iB cuPwQ‡jv| c‡i cÖwZ‡ekxiv ‡cŠimfvi ‡jvK
‡W‡K Zv cwi®‹vi Kivq| Aek¨ GUv Avwg c‡i ï‡bwQ|
XvKvi k¨vgjx bvmwib ‡PŠayixi gy‡L Zvi
¯^vgx Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayix
3iv wW‡m¤^i hLb XvKvq cÖPÛ AvKªgY nq ZLb Avgiv
nvmcvZv‡j AvkÖq ‡bevi cwiKíbv KiwQjvg| wKš‘
gvIjvbv Avãyj gvbœvb hv‡K Avgiv Avgv‡`i wb‡Pi Zjvq
AvkÖq w`‡qwQjvg ‡m evievi Avgv‡`i‡K _vKvi Rb¨ Avk¦¯—
KiwQj Ges Avjxg Zv‡K wek¦vm K‡iwQj| 14B wW‡m¤^i
iv‡Z Kviv ‡hb `iRvq bK K‡i| Avwg hLb Avjxg‡K
wR‡Ám Kijvg ZLb ‡m Avgv‡K Lyj‡Z e‡j wb‡R gvIjvbv
gvbœv‡bi `iRvi w`‡K ‡`Š‡o hvq| ‡m gvbœv‡bi `iRv bK
Ki‡Z _v‡K wKš‘ ‡m `iRv bv Ly‡j eis e‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_
P‡j ‡h‡Z, ‡m c‡i mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| ‡m gvbœv‡bi wg_¨v K_vq
Avk¦¯— n‡q Zv‡`i mv‡_ hvq| Avwg ZLbI Avjxg‡K
wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ gvIjvbv gvbœvb‡K Aby‡iva KiwQjvg|
wKš‘ ‡m Avgvi w`‡K wd‡iI ‡`L‡jv bv| Avjxg‡K wb‡q
hvIqv Mvoxi AvIqvR cvB| Avwg Kvbœvq ‡f‡½ cwo| ZLb
‡m Avgv‡K Afq w`‡q e‡j Zvi QvÎiv Avjxg‡K ‡Pv‡Li
wPwKrmvi Rb¨ wb‡q ‡M‡Q| Ae‡k‡h 18B wW‡m¤^i Avwg
Zv‡K Lyu‡R cvB| Zvi g…Z‡`n Ab¨vb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i mv‡_
iv‡qi evRvi ea¨fywg‡Z c‡o _v‡K| Wv. ivweŸ, Avjxg, jv`y
fvB Ges AviI A‡b‡Ki g…Z‡`n wQj GKmv‡_| 41
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³hy× Ges bvix
71 G me©ÎB bvixiv cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i
G‡`kxq ‡`vmi‡`i nv‡Z wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi nq|
ivRvKvi, Avje`i, Avj kvgm Ges kvwš— KwgwUi
m`m¨iv bvix‡`i a‡i wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx cï‡`i nv‡Z Zy‡j
w`Z|
A‡bKfv‡e gyw³hy‡× bvixiv Ae`vb iv‡LÑ
1. 1948 ‡_‡K 1971 ch©š— MYZ‡š¿i c‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi
mKj Av‡›`vj‡bB bvix‡`i D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ AskMÖnY wQj|
2. gyw³hy‡×i mgq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvkÖq w`‡q Ges mg‡q
mg‡q Zv‡`i A¯¿ jywK‡q ‡i‡L bvixiv ‡h mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj
Zv Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb‡K A‡bKvs‡k GwM‡q
wb‡q ‡h‡Z mnvqK nq|
3. bvixiv mivmwiI hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i| Zv‡`i‡K
we‡kl ‡Mveiv K¨v‡¤ú cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nq|
4. gwnjv wPwKrmKiv kiYv_©x wkwe‡i Ges AvnZ
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wPwKrmv ‡mev cÖ`vb K‡i|
5. gwnjv wkíxiv ‡iwWI‡Z, kibv_©x wkwe‡i Ges
gyw³‡hv×v cÖwk¶Y K¨v‡¤ú wewfbœ iKg mvs¯‹…wZK
cwi‡ekbvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i Drmvn ‡`q|
6. wKQy we‡`kx bvix evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ wewfbœ ‡`‡k
K¨v‡¤úBb K‡i|
gyw³hy‡× ms¯‹…wZKg©xiv
MYZš¿ I ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ evsjvi
ms¯‹…wZ‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi Av‡›`vjbI Pvwj‡q hvw”Q‡jv
c~e©evsjvi mvs¯‹…wZKg©xiv|
1. 1967 mv‡j hLb cvwK¯—vb miKvi MYgva¨‡g
iex›`ÖmsMxZ eÜ ‡NvlYv K‡i ZLb ms¯‹…wZKg©xiv
msMwVZfv‡e Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡i|
2. 25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨vi c‡i A‡bK Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K
Zv‡`i †jLbxi gva¨‡g Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡ib Ges bq
gvm a‡i Zv Pvwj‡q hvb|
3. wkíxiv kiYv_©x wkwei, gyw³‡hv×v cÖwk¶Y K¨v¤ú Ges
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö msMxZ cwi‡ek‡bi gva¨‡g
RbMY I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mvnm ‡hvMv‡Zb|
gyw³hy‡× cÖPvigva¨g
4. AsKb wkíxiv ‡cv÷vi Ges e¨vbvi ‰Zwi K‡ib|
5. wPÎwbg©vZvMY ¯^vaxbZvi Dci Pjw”PÎ ‰Zwi K‡ib|
6. gÂwkíxiv wewfbœ bvUK wj‡L Zv cwi‡ekb Ki‡Zb| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g wek¦ cÖPvigva¨g ‡ek
Zvrch©c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡ewkifvM
msev`cÎ ¯^vaxbZvi ‡PZbvq DØy× MYZvwš¿K msMÖv‡gi
we‡`kx ms¯‹…wZKg©x wgÎ wQj| mk¯¿ ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi mgq Avš—R©vwZK
MYgva¨g¸‡jv wek¦ RbgZ MV‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb
1. cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi wkíx Ges mvwnwZ¨Ke…›`
‡i‡LwQj|
evsjv‡`kx‡`i c‡¶ RbgZ MVb Ges Avw_©K mvnv‡h¨i
Rb¨ mnvqK KwgwU MVb K‡ib|
cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j fvlv Av‡›`vjb ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i ¯’vbxq
2. fvi‡Zi cÖ_g mvwii wkíxe…›` evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
msev`Kg©xiv ‰¯^ikvm‡bi wei“‡× Ges evK ¯^vaxbZvi
c‡¶ wewfbœ mvs¯‹…wZK Abyôvb K‡ib|
c‡¶ Zv‡`i mvnmx f~wgKv ‡i‡L AvmwQ‡jb|
3. Av‡gwiKvi g¨vwWmb ¯‹qv‡i RR© n¨vwimb, cwÛZ
djkÖ“wZ‡Z AmsL¨ msev`Kg©x wbh©vZb I Kviv‡fvM
iweksKi, AvKei Avjx Lvb Ges Ab¨vb¨iv wg‡j
K‡ib Ges wKQy wKQy msev`cÎ eÜ K‡i ‡`Iqv nq|
evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ KbmvU© Av‡qvRb K‡i| ‡mB Kbmv‡U©
gyw³hy‡×i ‡k‡li w`‡K civRq wbwðZ ‡R‡b ivRvKvi
Zviv evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q mvnv‡h¨i Av‡e`b
Ges Avje`i evwnbxi mnvqZvq cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx cÖPyi
Rvbvq Ges kiYv_©x‡`i Rb¨ Avw_©K mvnvh¨ msMÖn K‡i|
msL¨K cÖwm× msev`Kg©x‡`i nZ¨v K‡i|
4. Av‡gwiKvi weL¨vZ Kwe A¨vjvb wMÝevM© kiYv_©x
25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v ïi“i ci ‡_‡K ‡ekwKQy we‡`kx
wkwe‡i evsjvi mvaviY gvby‡li Ki“Y Ae¯’v ‡`‡L Zvi
mvsevw`K Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q MYnZ¨v Ges
weL¨vZ "September on Jessore Road" KweZv wj‡Lb|
aŸsmh‡Ái msev` cÖPvi K‡ib|
¯^vaxbZvi `xN© bq gvm a‡i fviZ, hy³iv‡R¨ I
evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q - 16 wW‡m¤^i 1971 BD‡iv‡ci Av‡iv wKQy ‡`k, Rvcvb Ges hy³iv‡óÖi
msev`cÎmg~n cvwK¯—vbx‡`i AgvbweK b…ksmZv Ges
me©¯—‡ii RbmvaviY mgw_©Z evsjvi mvnmx mš—vb‡`i bq gyw³evwnbxi mvnmx msMÖv‡gi Ici wbf©i‡hvM¨ msev`
gv‡mi i³¶qx mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| Gi gva¨‡g Avš—R©vwZK MYgva¨g
Ges Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmi ivRvKvi, Avje`i I
Avjkvgm chy©`¯— n‡q c‡o| 3iv wW‡m¤^i 1971, cvwK¯—
wek¦RbgZ MV‡bi Rb¨ we‡eK RvMÖZ K‡i| hv weRq
Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|
vb fvi‡Zi cwðgv‡j AvKªgY K‡i| GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z
fviZ miKvi 6B wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb
1971 G MYgva¨‡gi GB f~wgKv gvbeZvwe‡ivax
K‡i Ges evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³evwnbx I fvi‡Zi mk¯¿evwn- Aciv‡ai wec‡¶ MYgva¨‡gi Ae¯’v‡bi GKwU D¾¡j
bxi B÷vb© KgvÛ wg‡j ‡hŠ_evwnbx MwVZ nq| ‡hŠ_evwn-
`…óvš— n‡q _vK‡e|
bx evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i|
Ae‡k‡l 16B wW‡m¤^i 1971 XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
wgÎevwnbxi ‡Rbv‡ij RMwRr wms Av‡ivivi wbKU cvwK¯—
vbx ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvRx AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ib| H Abyôv‡b
evsjv‡`k gyw³evwnbxi Dc-cÖavb Mªyc K¨v‡Þb G. ‡K.
L›`Kvi gyw³evwnbxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib|
Gfv‡eB wek¦ gvbwPÎ evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨y`q|
m~Î : gyw³hy× hv`yNi, XvKv|
42
m~wPcÎ |
‡KBm ÷vwW : ‡R‡bvmvBW Bb evsjv‡`k
Gw¯‹‡gv
wesk kZvãxi MYnZ¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki 1971 Gi
aŸsmjxjvi gva¨‡g msNwUZ MYnZ¨v kZvãxi me‡P‡q wbweo
MYnZ¨v¸‡jv ‡hgb ‡mvwf‡qU hy×ew›` nZ¨v (1941-42),
Bûw` n‡jvKv÷ (1933-45) ev i“qvÛvi MYnZ¨vi (1944)
g‡Zv we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~b©| GB Pvi MYnZ¨v GB kZvãxi
me‡P‡q b…ksl NUbv¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg| ZZKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—
v‡bi ¯^vaxbZvKvgx kw³‡K aŸs‡mi cÖ‡Póvi Ask wnmv‡e c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK evwnbx GKwU cwiKwíZ nZ¨vKv‡Ûi
gva¨‡g j¶ j¶ ev½vjx‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
1. wcQ‡bi K_v
RvwZ, ag© Abymv‡i ‡`kwefv‡Mi wei“‡× gnvZ¥v MvwÜ I
Ab¨vb¨‡`i A‡bK ‡Póv m‡Ë¡I e…wUk I ZrKvjxb
Dcgnv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZwe‡`i Kvi‡b a‡giÖ wfwˇZ `yBUv ‡`k
MVb Kiv n‡j msL¨vjNyiv Avw` wbevm ‡Q‡o Ab¨ cÖv‡š— cvwo
Rgv‡Z eva¨ nq Avi ‡mB mv‡_ ïi“ n‡jv ag©MZ `v½v|
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Dc‡i ‡Rvi Ryjyg
Pvjv‡bvi Kvi‡Y ax‡i ax‡i Am‡š—vl `vbv euva‡Z ïi“ K‡i|
fvlv wb‡q 1952 mv‡j msNwUZ nq fvlv Av‡›`vjb| Gici
1970 mv‡ji AvM‡÷i eb¨vq Îv‡Yi AcÖZyjZv I bvbvfv‡e
cÖwZwbqZ eÂbv ev½vwj‡`i g‡a¨ we‡`Övnx g‡bvfv‡ei RvMiY
NUvq| djkÖywZ‡Z wW‡m¤^i gv‡mi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM
msL¨vMwiô Avm‡b Rqjvf K‡i| ‡mB mg‡qi Ab¨Zg `vex
wQj ¯^vqZ¡kvmb I wgwjUvwi kvm‡bi Aemvb| GB Av‡›`vjb
Av‡¯— Av‡¯— ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡›`vj‡b iƒcvš—wiZ nq| djkÖywZ‡Z
1971 mv‡ji 22 G ‡deÖyqvwi cvwK Rvš—v AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
‡bZv I mg_©K‡`i Dc‡i GKwU Kª¨vKWvD‡bi cwiKíbv
K‡i|
mvgwiK miKv‡ii cÖavb Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡deÖyqvix Ô71 G GKwU
Kbdv‡i‡Ý ‡NvlYv ‡`q - ÒAvgiv I‡`i g‡a¨ 30 j¶ ‡kl
K‡i ‡`e Avi evKxiv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Rxeb wf¶v PvB‡eÓ|
(ievU© cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c…ôv 50)|
‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi GB Dw³ ‡_‡K my¯úó BswMZ
cvIqv hvq ‡h, cvwK¯—vbx kvmKPKª Zv‡`i wei“‡×
Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i `g‡bi R‡b¨ GKUv MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv
K‡iwQ‡jv|
Ae‡k‡l 25 G gvP© ïi“ nq ‡mB BwZnv‡mi wbg©g NUbvi|
cvwK wgwjUvwi AvKªgY K‡i XvKv BDwbfvwm©wU, BwcAvi I
Ab¨vb¨ GjvKv| gvbyl‡K cvwLi gZ ¸wj K‡i gviv ïi“
n‡jv| GK iv‡ZB 7000 R‡bi gZ nZfvM¨ ev½vwj gviv
hvq| ‡mBUv wQ‡jv ïaygvÎ ïi“|
ÒGK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ XvKvq A‡a©K Awaevmx cvwj‡q hvq Ges
Kgc‡¶ 30,000 Gi gZ wbi¯¿ gvbyl wbnZ nq| PÆMÖvgI
Zvi A‡a©K RbmsL¨v nvivq| ‡mB mg‡q (GwcÖ‡ji DcvË
Abyhvqx) 30 wgwjq‡bi gZ gvbyl nZf‡¤^i gZ w`‡knviv
n‡q ‡`‡ki wfZ‡iB ¯’vbvš—i n‡q wgwjUvwi‡K dvuwK ‡`evi
‡Póv KiwQ‡jv|Ó (ievU© cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c…. 48)|
Ae‡k‡l 10 wgwjqb ev½vwj fvi‡Z cvwj‡q kiYv_©x nq|
D‡j¬L¨, ZLb ‡mB f~L‡Ûi me©‡gvU RbmsL¨v wQ‡jv 75
wgwjqb|
Ae‡k‡l GwcÖ‡ji 10 Zvwi‡L AvIqvgx wj‡Mi ‡bZ…e…›`
¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv K‡i| ax‡i ax‡i gyw³evwnbx msMwVZ n‡Z
_v‡K Ges cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ jovB ïi“ K‡i|
cÖv_wgKfv‡e ‡`‡ki f~cÖK…wZ I RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq ‡Mwijv
hy‡×i gva¨‡g gyw³evwnbxi Kvh©Kªg ïi“ n‡jI c‡i
Rbmg_©‡bi Kvi‡Y GKUv MYhy‡× cwiYZ nq|
2. ev½vjx cyi“l‡`i wei“‡× Ò‡RÛvimvBWÓ
‡RÛvimvBW ej‡Z eySvq wbw`©ó wj‡½i gvby‡li MYnZ¨v|
1971 mv‡ji MYnZ¨vI GB ‡kÖYxi g‡a¨ c‡o|
2 K. cyi“l gvby‡li cÖwZ Av‡Kªvk
GB MYnZ¨vi wbw`©ó wKQy Uv‡M©U wQ‡jv| Gš’wb
gvmKv‡ibnv‡mi g‡Z ÔMYnZ¨vi j¶¨ wb‡q ‡Kvb wØavØ›Ø
wQ‡jv bv|Õ (A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, `v ‡iBc Ad evsjv‡`k,
c…ôv 116-117)
Zvi g‡Z, MYnZ¨vi j¶¨ wQ‡jv h_vKª‡gÑ
1. ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwiiZ ev½vjx RIqvb, B÷ cvwK¯—vb
ivB‡djm, cywjk, Avbmvi I gyRvwn`
2. wn›`y - Avi ‡R i“‡gj Kywgj¬v‡Z wbR Kv‡b †kv‡bb ‡h
wgwjUvwiiv ejwQ‡jv, ÒAvgiv ïay ‡Q‡j‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨
G‡mwQ, gwnjv I wkïiv wbivc`, Avgiv wK Kvcyi“l ‡h
Zv‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡evÓ (‡W_ evB Mfb©‡g›U, c…ôv 323)| Zvui
g‡Z wgwjUvwiiv wbi¯¿ gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv‡K bvq‡KvwPZ KvR
e‡j g‡b KiwQj| Aek¨ A‡bK ‡¶‡ÎB cy‡iv cwievi
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wkKvi n‡qwQj|
3. AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡bZv, Kg©x I mg_©K|
4. QvÎ - wK‡kvi I Zi“Y eqmx‡`i cÖwZI cvwK wgwjUvwii
wbg©g Av‡Kªvk ‡`Lv wM‡qwQ‡jv| Zviv Aíeqmx KvD‡K
‡`L‡jB gyw³evwnbx e‡j g‡b KiZ Ges wbwe©Pv‡i Zv‡`i
nZ¨v K‡i| Avi ‡R i“‡g‡ji eY©bvq AmsL¨ wK‡kvi I
Zi“Y‡`i g…Z‡`n ‡`Lv wM‡qwQj gv‡V, b`x‡Z fvmgvb
Ae¯’vq ev Avwg© K¨v‡¤úi Av‡kcv‡k|
6. evOvjx eyw×Rxwe - wk¶K I Aa¨vcK‡`i g‡a¨ ‡mbvevwn-
bxi `…wó‡Z hv‡`i ÒmsMÖvgxÓ g‡b n‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i‡KB nZ¨v
Kiv n‡q‡Q (A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, `v ‡iBc Ad evsjv‡`k,
c…ôv 116-117)
A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnv‡mi ‡jLvi mvigg© GB ‡h, nZ¨vKv‡Ûi
mv‡_ ‰jw½K I mvgvwRK ‡kÖYxi (eyw×Rxwe, Aa¨vcK, wk¶K,
‡bZv/Kg©x, Ges gyw³msMÖvgx cÖvq mevB cyi“l wQ‡jv)| A‡bK
‡¶‡Î Dc‡iv³ e¨w³e‡M©i cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`iI nZ¨v Kiv
nq ïaygvÎ cvwievwiK ev i‡³i m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y|
GB me welq ‡_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx KZ©…K GKUv ‡RÛvimvBW msMwVZ
n‡q‡Q|
43
m~wPcÎ |
W. iIbK Rvnv‡bi g‡Z - Ògyw³hy‡×i m¤¢ve¨ ‡hv×v wnmv‡e
hyeK‡`i ‡MÖdZvi I wbh©vZb Pvjvq Avwg© - c‡i AwaKvsk‡K
nZ¨v Kiv nq| GB Ae¯’vi ‡cÖw¶‡Z kni I Dckni¸‡jv
hyeKk~b¨ n‡q hvq| Zv‡`i A‡b‡K fvi‡Z wM‡q AvkÖq ‡bq
A_ev gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM ‡`q|Ó
Òm¶g hyeK‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡`i LvZbv Kiv nqwb Zv‡`i R‡b¨
g…Zz¨ AeavwiZ n‡q hvqÓ| (‡R‡bvmvBW Ae evsjv‡`k, Avi
‡R ‡iv‡gj, c…ôv 298)
‡iv‡gj Av‡iv ej‡Qb, ÔcvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi `…wó‡Z
cÖwZ‡iva hy‡× ‡h‡Z m¶g wK‡kvi hyeK‡`i wei“‡× we‡kl
Awfhvb Pvjvq - ‡mB Awfhv‡b a…Z hyeK‡`i Avi KLbI
RxweZ Ae¯’vq ‡`Lv hvqwb| Zv‡`i g…Z‡`n¸‡jv fvm‡Z
‡`Lv ‡M‡Q b`x‡Z, ‡mbv K¨v‡¤úi Kv‡Q| GB Awfhv‡b
¯^vfvweKfv‡e fxZ n‡q c‡owQ‡jv mKj hyeK Avi Zv‡`i
cwievieM©| GB Ae¯’vi ‡cÖw¶‡Z 15 ‡_‡K 25 eQ‡ii mKj
hyeK MÖvg ‡_‡K MÖvgvš—‡i cvwj‡q ‡ewo‡q‡Q - hv‡`i A‡b‡K
fvi‡Z P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv| hviv evwo Qvo‡Z PvBwQ‡jv bv -
Zv‡`i gv ev ‡ev‡biv Zv‡`i ‡Rvi K‡i evwo ‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i
w`‡q‡Q - hv‡Z Zv‡`i Rxeb i¶v cvq|Õ (‡W_ evB
Mfb©‡g›U)
‡iv‡g‡ji eY©bv g‡Z ( c„ôv 323) GB Mv wng Kiv MYnZ¨vi
DrmewU A‡bKUv bvRx‡`i Òcyi“l wbabÓ Kg©m~wPi mv‡_
ZyjbxqÑ ÔGUv wQ‡jv cÖ‡`ke¨vcx GKUv MYnZ¨v, ‡hLv‡b
wn›`y‡`i Avjv`v K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q - ‡mB cÖwKªqvq
‡mbvm`m¨iv a…Z e¨w³‡`i LvZbvi welqUv wbwðZ n‡Zv - hv
gymjgvb‡`i R‡b¨ eva¨Zvg~jK - hw` LvZbv Kiv _vK‡Zv -
Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Zvr¶wYK g„Zz¨ Gov‡bv ‡hZ|Õ
ievU© cvBb XvKv kn‡ii Av‡kcv‡k MYnZ¨vi ¯’vb¸‡jvi
eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q ‡mB¸‡jv‡K cwiKwíZ MYnZ¨v - we‡kl
K‡i ‰jw½KÓ MYnZ¨vi GKUv K¬vwmK D`vniY wnmv‡e
‡`‡LbÑ hv wj½wfwËK I wbi¯¿ gvby‡li Dci msMwVZ n‡q
wQ‡jv ejv nq|
ÒXvKv I Zvi Av‡kcv‡k wbR©b cÖvš—¸‡jv‡Z wgwjUvwi Rvš—v
MYnZ¨vi G·‡cwi‡g›U Pvjvq (we‡kl K‡i cyi“l‡`i Dc‡i)
hv‡Z K‡i mvsevw`K‡`i ‡PvL Gwo‡q hvq GB NUbv¸‡jv|
eywoM½vi Zx‡i nwinviv cvov‡Z GBiKg wZbUv cÖgvY ievU©
cvBb Avwe®‹vi K‡ib GKwU e›`xkvjv (b`x ZxieZ©x
‡MvWvDb), g…Z¨y`Û ‡`evi RvqMv (b`xi Zx‡i) I Zv‡`i jvk
avgvPvcv ‡`evi Dcvq (b`x‡Z fvwm‡q w`‡q)| Qq ‡_‡K AvU
Rb e›`x‡K `wo w`‡q ‡eu‡a iv‡Zi Avav‡i ‡g‡i ‡djv
n‡q‡Q| GB NUbv N‡U‡Q iv‡Zi ci ivZ| cvwK¯—vb b¨vkbvj
A‡qj ‡Kv¤úvbxi ‡MvWvDbwU wQj b`xi av‡i - ‡mLv‡b
cÖwZiv‡Z `‡j gvbyl a‡i Avbv n‡Zv - AvU `kRb‡K `wo
w`‡q ‡eu‡a b`xi Aí cvwb‡Z bvwg‡q ¸wj Kiv n‡Zv| ‡fv‡i
‡Kvb ‡bŠKvi gvwS‡K w`‡q fvmgvb jvk¸‡jvi `wo ‡K‡U
Avjv`v K‡i w`‡q b`xi gv‡S ‡U‡b wb‡q hvIqv n‡Zv - hv‡Z
‡mÖv‡Zi Uv‡b jvk¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e ‡f‡m hvq (ievU©
cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c„ôv 55)|
Dc‡ii eY©bv ‡_‡K GUv ejv hvq ‡h, GB nZ¨vKvÛ¸‡jv
Av‡g©wbqv I bvbwRs (1937) MYnZ¨vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
2 L. wbwe©Pv‡i bvix nZ¨v I wbh©vZb
j¶¨ Kiv ‡M‡Q ‡h, Av‡g©wbqv I bvbwRs Gi g‡Zv
evsjv‡`‡kI bvix‡`i j¶¨e¯—y‡Z cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv|
evOvjx bvix‡`i Dci ‡hŠb wbh©vZb, al©Y Avi nZ¨v ïi“ Kiv
nq hy‡×i cÖv_wgK Ae¯’v ‡_‡KB| hy‡×i cy‡iv mgqUv Ry‡o
ev½vwj bvix wbh©vZb I g…Z¨yi m¤§yLxb wQ‡jv -hv wQj
mycwiKwíZ I fqven|
myRvb eÖvDbwgjvi Zvi G‡MBÝU AvIqvi DBj eB‡Z
(Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape, Susan
Brownmiller) GB wbh©vZb‡K bvbwRs‡q Rvcvwb‡`i Øviv
al©Y I ivwkqv‡Z 2q wek¦hy‡×i mg‡q Rvg©vwb‡`i Øviv al©‡Yi
m‡½ Zyjbv K‡i‡Qb| 80 kZvsk awl©Z wQ‡jv gymjgvb bvix
(c…ôv 81)|
Ô2,00,000 ev 3,00,00 ev 4,00,000 (wZbwU wfbœ
cwimsL¨vb) evOvjx bvix al©‡Yi wkKvi n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨
80% bvix wQ‡jb gymjgvb, hv ZLbKvi ag©wfw³K
RbmsL¨vbycvwZK wQj| ‡mB ‡¶‡Î wn›`y ev L…óvb bvixivI
i¶v cvqwb| GKUv ‡QvÆ Rbeûj ‡`‡ki bvix‡`i Dci GB
fqven ‡hŠb AZ¨vPvi n‡q‡Q|Õ (eÖvDbwgjvi, c…ôv 81)
GB wel‡q Aubrey Menen bvgK GK wi‡cvU©vi K‡qKwU
D`vniY w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi g‡a¨ m`¨weevwnZv GK Zi“Yx‡K
wbh©vZ‡bi NUbv GBiKgÑ
Ò`yBRb cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ evmiN‡i Xy‡K co‡jv| Ab¨Rb
evB‡i e›`yK wb‡q cvnvivq `uvwo‡q _vK‡jv| evB‡ii gvbyliv
wfZ‡i ‰mb¨‡`i ag‡Ki myi Avi ¯^vgxwUi cÖwZev` ïb‡Z
cvw”Q‡jv| ‡mB wPrKvi GKmgq ‡_‡g ‡Mj
- ïay ‡kvbv ‡Mj Zi“Yxi KvZi AvZ©bv`|
K‡qK wgwbU ci GKUv ‰mb¨ Aweb¨¯— mvgwiK
‡cvkv‡K ‡ewi‡q G‡jv evB‡ii ‡_‡K Av‡iKUv ‰mb¨ wfZ‡i
‡Mj| Gfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡jv - hZ¶Y bv QqUv ‰mb¨ `ª“Z
‡mB evwo Z¨vM Ki‡jv| Zvici evev wfZ‡i wM‡q ‡`L‡Z
‡cj Zvi ‡g‡q `woi weQvbvq i³v³ Ae¯’vq c‡o Av‡Q|
Avi Zvi ¯^vgx ‡g‡S‡Z K‡i ‡djv wb‡Ri ewgi Dci Dcyo
n‡q c‡o Av‡Q|Ò (Brownmiller, Against Our Will, p. 82)
Òev½vwj bvix‡`i‡K wbh©vZb ‡Kvb ‡mŠ›`h© ev GB iK‡gi
‡Kvb wKQy‡Z evavaiv wQ‡jv bv| Zviv AvU mš—v‡bi gv ev 75
eQ‡ii `v`xgv‡KI Qv‡o bvB| Zviv ïay NUbv¯’‡j wbh©vZb
K‡iB P‡j hvq bvB, Zviv nvRv‡iv bvix‡`i Zv‡`i K¨v‡¤ú
Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| ‡KD ‡KD AvU ev‡ii gZ wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi
n‡qwQj GK iv‡Z (eÖvDbwgjvi, c„ôv 83)|
`ytLRbK n‡jI GB wbh©vwZZ bvix‡`i Am¤§vb hy‡×i c‡iI
P‡jwQj| ‡kL gywRe KZ©…K Zv‡`i‡K RvwZi exi½bv ‡NvlYv
‡`qv n‡jI ev¯—‡e Zv nv‡j ‡Zgb cvwb cvq bvB| wbh©vwZZ
A‡bK bvix Zv‡`i nviv‡bv myL wd‡i cvqwb| (eÖvDbwgjvi,
c…ôv 84)
3. hy‡× wbn‡Zi msL¨v - KZRb gviv ‡M‡Q
GBUv wbwðZ K‡i ejv hvq ‡h, evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vq
wbn‡Zi msL¨v mvZ wWwR‡Ui g‡a¨ co‡e| GB MYnZ¨v
i“qvÛv (800,000) Avi B‡›`v‡bwkqv (1 ‡_‡K 1.5 wgwjqb)
Qvwo‡q ‡M‡Q|
Avi. ‡R ‡iv‡g‡ji g‡Z -
Ò‡mB 267 w`‡bi hy‡× wbnZ nIqvi msL¨vUv fqven|
AvVv‡ivwU ‡Rjvi g‡a¨ cvuPwU ‡Rjvq Z`š— KwgwUi AvswkK
cwimsL¨v‡b ‡`Lv hvq - cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©ivÑ
XvKvq 1,00,000
Lyjbvq 1,50,000
h‡kv‡i 75,000
Kywgj¬vq 95,000
PÆMÖv‡g 1,00,000
gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| GB AvswkK cwimsL¨v‡b ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q,
44
m~wPcÎ |
18wU ‡Rjvq (ZLb evsjv‡`k 18wU ‡Rjvq wef³ wQj) ‡gvU
wbn‡Zi msL¨v `uvwo‡q‡Q 12,47,000 gvbyl| D‡j¬L¨ ‡h, GB
cwimsL¨vbwU n‡jv Amgvß cwimsL¨vb| ‡h‡nZy ‡mB
cwimsL¨vbwU m¤úbœ nqwb - ZvB AvRI ‡mB hy‡× wbn‡Zi
cÖK…Z msL¨v ejv KwVb| A‡b‡Ki g‡Z, cÖv°wjZ me‡g©vU
msL¨vwU n‡e 30,00,000| (Avi ‡R ‡iv‡gj, ‡W_ evB
Mfb©‡g›U)|
cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© Avi Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx evwnbx
(ivRvKvi/Avje`i) KZ…©K wbnZ n‡q cÖwZ 25 R‡bi GKRb
evOvjx, wn›`y Avi wfbœg‡Zi gvbyl| ‡mB we‡ePbvq GB
nZ¨vKvÛ ‡mvwf‡qZ Avi ‰PwbK KwgDwb÷ miKvi Avi
Rvcv‡bi wek¦hy‡× wbn‡Zi msL¨vbycv‡Zi PvB‡Z A‡bK
‡ekx| (Rummel, Death By Government, p. 331)
GWvg ‡RvÝ GK wn‡m‡e ‡`wL‡q‡Qb g…Z‡`i 80% n‡”Q
cyi“l (3 wgwjqb knx` I 4 jvL bvix wbh©vwZZ n‡q‡Q
a‡i)| ‡mB wn‡m‡e GwU MZ Aa© mnmÖv‡ãi Ab¨Zg ‡miv
MYnZ¨vB ïay bq, ‡RÛvimvBWI e‡U|
4. evsjv‡`‡k 1971 Gi MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv
Kv‡`i?
Ògv‡mi ci gvm a‡i Pjv GB nZ¨vKvÛ P‡j| GB nZ¨vjxjv
‡Kvb GK`j D‡ËwRZ hye‡Ki iv‡Mi gv_vq NUv‡bv ‡Kvb
NUbv bq - eis GK`j mycÖwkw¶Z Avi ‡ckv`vi Avwg©
Awdmv‡ii cwiKíbvi mdj ev¯—evqb| gymjgvb ‰mb¨‡`i
cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ¯^a‡g©i gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z Avi Zviv
hvwš¿Kfv‡e myPvi“iƒ‡c ‡mB Av‡`k cvjb K‡i‡Q|
hvwš¿Kfv‡e GB nZ¨vKvÛ Pvjv‡Z Pvjv‡Z Zviv wbi¯¿ gvbyl
nZ¨vi ‡bkvq c‡o wM‡qwQ‡jv (wmMv‡i‡Ui ‡bkvi g‡Zv) ...hv
ivwkqv `L‡ji c‡i wnUjv‡ii evwnbxi g‡a¨ ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q|
(Payne, Massacre, p. 29)
ievU© cvB‡bi g‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v eZ©gvb mg‡qi
MYnZ¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU AZ¨š— mycwiKwíZ nZ¨vKvÛ -
GK`j mvgwiK KZ©vi mywPwš—Z cwiKíbvi dmj| hviv GB
cwiKíbvi cÖ‡YZv wQ‡jv, Zviv n‡jvÑ
1) ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb,
2) †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb,
3) wPd Ad ÷vd ‡Rbv‡ij cxiRv`v,
4) wbivcËv cÖavb ‡Rbv‡ij Dgi Lvb I
5) B‡›Uwj‡RÝ wPd AvKei Lvb|
(g¨vmvKvi, c…ôv 102)|
GB MYnZ¨v I ‡RÛvi wfwËK Av‡Kªvk wbPy i¨vs‡Ki
wgwjUvwi‡`i g‡a¨I wQ‡jv - hviv ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q GB
nZ¨vKv‡Û Ask wb‡q‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ evOvjx RvwZi cÖwZ N…YvI
(‡iwmRg) GKUv KviY| AwaKvsk cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ g‡b
Ki‡Zv - ÔevOvjxiv evbi Avi gyiwMi mv‡_ Zyjbxq|Õ
B÷vb© KgvÛvi ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvwR g‡b Ki‡Zv - Òev½vwjiv
wbPy RvqMvq _vKv wbPy Rv‡Zi gvbyl|Ó Zvi Aa¯—bivI GKB
gZev‡` wek¦vmx wQj|
mvsevw`K W¨vb KwMb (Dan Coggin) Rvbvb, Ò GK cvÄvwe
K¨v‡Þb Zvu‡K e‡j ‡h Avgiv hv‡K Lywk nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvwi,
‡Kvb Revew`wnZv Ki‡Z n‡e bv!Ó (iv‡gj, ‡W_ evB
Mfb©‡g›U, c…ôv 335)
4.1 MYnZ¨vi mgvwß
GB nZ¨vjxjv Pjvi mgq cÖvY evuPv‡bvi j‡¶¨ GK‡KvwU
evOvjx cÖwZ‡ekx fvi‡Z AvkÖq ‡bq| K‚U‰bwZK Avi c‡iv¶
mnvqZvi ci fviZ 3iv wW‡m¤^i mivmwi hy‡× evsjv‡`k‡K
mnvqZv w`‡Z ïi“ K‡i| djkÖywZ‡Z 16B wW‡m¤^i 90 nvRvi
‰mb¨mn cvwK¯—vbxiv AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i Avi evsjv‡`‡k cvwb¯—
vbx‡`i MYnZ¨vi mgvwß N‡U| gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb ‡bZv ‡`‡k
wd‡i Av‡mb| cieZ©x NUbvejxi mv‡_ emwbqv-nv‡R©‡Mvwfbvi
NUbv Zyjbxq| AvZ¥mgc©YKvix cvwK¯—vbx‡`i wbivcËv ‡`q
fviZ| (Genocide in Bangladesh, p. 298; emphasis
added)
Avš—R©vwZK KyU‰bwZK gvic¨vu‡P cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ijiv
wePv‡ii KvVMovq `uvovqwb| ZviciI evsjv‡`‡ki c¶ ‡_‡K
hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii welqwU wb‡q bvbv D‡`¨vM ‡bIqv
n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ ivóÖ wnmv‡e cvwK¯—vb ‡mB Acivax‡`i i¶vi
mKj e¨e¯’v wb‡q‡Q|
GB nZ¨vKvÛ Avi wePvi bv nIqvi my`yicÖmvix dj wnmv‡e
evsjv‡`‡kI cieZ©x‡Z mvgwiK Kz¨ n‡q‡Q - ‡Kvb ‡KvbUv
wQj fqven (Death By Government, p.
334)
5. ‡kl K_v
cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbxi mn‡hvMx wnmv‡e KvR Kiv Avav
mvgwiK evwnbx (‡hgb ivRvKvi-Avje`i) mgvbfv‡e
hy×vcivax| Zv‡`i ‡bZviv GLb ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv wnmv‡e
wfbœfv‡e nvwRi n‡q RbZvi g‡a¨ wg‡k ‡h‡Z Pv‡”Q|
cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePvi Kiv ev Zv‡`i Av`vj‡Z nvwRi
Kiv eZ©gv‡bi ‡cÖ¶vc‡U evsjv‡`‡ki R‡b¨ KwVb| GB
KvRUv Kivi R‡b¨ cvwK¯—v‡bi we‡eKevb gvbyl‡`i GwM‡q
Avm‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e - ‡Kb Zviv GK`j
MYnZ¨vKvixi `vwqZ¡ ‡b‡e| Zvi wKQy AvfvmI cvIqv
hv‡”Q| MZ eQi cvwK¯—v‡bi bvix AwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡bÎx
Avmgv Rvnv½xi wmwewmi mv‡_ GK mv¶vrKv‡i my¯úófv‡e
evsjv‡`‡k MYnZ¨vi R‡b¨ `vqx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePv‡i `vwe
K‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯—v‡bi gy³eyw×i gvbyliv GKw`b GB `vwe‡K
MY`vwe‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i hy×vcivax ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePv‡i
gva¨‡g RvwZ wnmv‡e Zv‡`i‡K MYnZ¨vi `vq ‡_‡K gy³
Ki‡e| GB AvkvB Kwi|
Avi GB w`‡K ‡`‡ki wfZ‡i a‡g©i Avi ivRbxwZi Avov‡j
jywK‡q _vKv hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe Avev‡iv ‡Rviv‡jv
n‡”Q| GB K_v mZ¨ ‡h, 37 eQ‡ii ivR‰bwZK gvicu¨vP,
cÖwZwec¬ex‡`i Kg©KvÛ Avi ‡c‡UÖvWjv‡ii cÖfv‡e hy×vci-
vax‡`i Ae¯’vb AvcvZ`…wó‡Z ‡ek myiw¶Z g‡b n‡”Q| wKš‘
miKv‡ii hy×vcivax‡`i cÖwZ c¶cvwZ‡Z¡i Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K
wbi‡c¶ Ae¯’vb MÖn‡Yi ciB Avm‡j †evSv hv‡e - Zv‡`i
AvkÖq¯’jwU Avm‡j wK Zv‡mi Ni bv jwL›`‡ii ‡jvnvi
evmi|
g~j iPbv : ‡RÛvimvBW IqvP
[‡RÛvimvBW IqvP mvaviY gvby‡li wei“‡× cwiKwíZ
nZ¨vjxjvi wel‡q M‡elYv K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡Z wbi¯¿ gvby‡li
Dci msNwUZ nZ¨vKvÛ ev MYnZ¨v eZ©gvb kZvãx‡Z
wek¦gvbeZvi wei“‡× eo GKUv ûgwK|]
45
m~wPcÎ |

evOvwji †k¬vMvbgvjv : 1953 †_‡K 1971

ivnv

1969 ‡_‡K 1971 mv‡ji ‡k¬vMvb¸‡jv j¶¨ Ki‡j ‡`Lv

hv‡e, Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ wKfv‡e ‡k¬vMv‡biI weeZ©b
ivRe›`x‡`i gyw³ PvB, wbivcËv AvBb evwZj Ki|
RvZxq MYZvwš¿K dÖ›U wR›`vev`
GKvˇii eRªKÚ
NU‡Q| GKmg‡qi ïay AwaKvi Av`v‡qi wbixn fvmvbxi `vex ‡`‡ki `vex
‡k¬vMvb¸‡jv wKfv‡e ZxeÖ, Rw½, R¡vjvgqx n‡q DV‡Q fvmvbxi `vex gvb‡Z n‡e|
cwðg cvwK¯—vwb‡`i AZ¨vPv‡i wZwZwei³, ¶y× ev½vwji MYwaK…Z Ge‡Wv AvBb evwZj Ki
K‡É| wKfv‡e ¯^vqZ¡kvm‡bi `vwe e`‡j ‡M‡Q ¯^vaxbZvi ivR‰bwZK `j AvBb evwZj Ki :: Rq evsjv
`vwe‡Z, wKfv‡e Rb¥ n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k kãwUi| Avgv‡`i wbivcËv AvBb evwZj Ki| :: AaxbZv Avi bq PvB ¯^vaxbZv|
me‡P‡q ‡MŠiegq Av¸YSiv w`‡bi Rxeš— `wjj GB Mv‡q GK‡Kw›`ÖK bq ‡dWv‡ij c×wZi :: Rq evsjv
KvuUv ‡`qv ‡k¬vMvb¸‡jv| ‡mB ‡k¬vMvb¸‡jv‡K GKmv‡_ MYZš¿ gvb‡Z n‡e :: ¯^v ax b Zv
Kivi cÖqvm|
1964 :: ‡Zvgvi Avgvi wVKvbv cÙv ‡gNbv hgybv|
1953 ‡gv‡`i Mie ‡gv‡`i Avkv, AvÕgwi evsjv fvlv| :: wcwÛ bv XvKv? XvKv XvKv|
1. exi evOvwj A¯¿ a‡iv evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb K‡iv Av-G Av`v i-G imyb/ G bvg R‡c eyjeyj| :: fy‡Ævi ‡c‡U jvw_ gvi evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki|
2. ‡Zvgvi Avgvi wVKvbv cÙv-‡gNbv-hygbv :: GK `dv GK `vex evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv|
3. Rv‡Mv Rv‡Mv evOvwj Rv‡Mv 1966 :: exi evOvjx A¯¿ a‡iv, evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki|
4. `ywbqvi gR`yi GK nI ‡mvbvi ‡`k AvR k¥kvb ‡Kb!! :: Bqvwnqvi `yB Mv‡j RyZv gv‡iv Zv‡j Zv‡j|
5. N‡i N‡i `yM© M‡ov evsjv‡`k gy³ K‡iv MYmsMÖv‡gB evR‡e MYgyw³
6. Rq evsjv A_©cvPvi eÜ Ki
:: A‡bK i³ w`‡qwQ Gevi ‡kva ‡be|
7. QvÎ-wk¶K-RbZv M‡o ‡Zvj GKZv 6 `dvB MYgyw³i gnvmb` :: evsjvi mvwe©K gyw³i Rb¨ RbMY i³ w`‡Z cÖ¯—yZ
8. ‡R‡M‡Q ‡i ‡R‡M‡Q evOvwj ‡R‡M‡Q 6 `dv Avgv‡`i evuPvi `vex :: N‡i N‡i `~M© M‡ov, evsjv‡K gy³ K‡iv|
9. knx‡`i i³ e…_v ‡h‡Z w`‡ev bv 6 `dv wfwËK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb w`‡Z n‡e :: fy‡Æv `¨ wKjvi Af ‡W‡gv‡Kªwm|
10. i‡³i eb¨vq gy‡Q hv‡e Ab¨vq c~e© evsjvi c~Y© AvÂwjK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb w`‡Z n‡e :: fy‡Æv `¨ cwjwUK¨vj ev÷vW©|
11. cvwK¯—v‡bi `vjv‡jiv ûuwkqvi mveavb mnRjf¨ wk¶v PvB :: ‡bv cvwK¯—vb,DB Iqv›U evsjv‡`k|
1953 :: gv-‡ev‡biv A¯¿ ai evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki|
1967 :: Avgv‡`i msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|
knx` ¯§…wZ Agi nDK| QvÎmn mKj ivRe›`x‡`i gyw³ PvB
mKj ivR‰bwZK gvgjv `Ûv‡`k evwZj Ki :: ¯^vaxb evsjv Kv‡qg Ki msMÖvgx RbZv GK nI|
1956 11 `dvi ev¯—evqb PvB :: ÷c A¨v‡UÖvwmwU Bb evsjv‡`k|
g…Zz¨gyLx gvbyl‡K evuPvI bvix wk¶vi cÖmvi PvB :: ÷c wKwjs Bb evsjv‡`k|
msev`c‡Îi Kɇiva Pj‡e bv :: gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki“b, Giv Avgv‡`iB mš—vb|
1962 KwgDwb÷ cvwU©i Dci wewawb‡la cÖZ¨vnvi Ki :: evsjv‡`‡ki K…lK, kÖwgK, QvÎ, hyeK mK‡jB AvR
wk¶v ms‡KvPb bxwZ cwinvi Ki gyw³‡hv×v|
c~e© evsjv‡K ‡kvlY Kiv Pj‡e bv 1968
20 UvKv gY `‡i PvDj PvB MYZš¿ Kv‡qg Ki| :: GB Rv‡bvqvi‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡Z n‡e|
¯^vqZ¡kvmb w`‡Z n‡e :: evsjvi wn›`y, evsjvi L…÷vb, evsjvi ‡eŠ×, evsjvi
gymjgvb, Avgiv mevB ev½vjx|
46
m~wPcÎ |

1969 i³ w`‡jb ¸i“ msMÖvg nBj ïi“

‡R‡ji Zvjv fvs‡ev ‡kL gywRe‡K Avb‡ev/ ‡Zvgvi
‡bZv, Avgvi ‡bZv/ ‡kL gywRe, ‡kL gywRe|
11 `dvi ev¯—evqb PvB|
wgwQ‡j ‡hw`b Avgvi fv‡qi ey‡K weu‡awQj ¸wj
QvÎmn mKj ivRe›`x‡`i gyw³ PvB|
mKj ivR‰bwZK gvgjv `Ûv‡`k evwZj Ki|
knx` ¯§…wZ Agi nDK|
11 `dvi ev¯—evqb PvB|
knx‡`i WvK ev½vjx Rv‡Mv|
Rvwb i‡³i ‡cQ‡b WvK‡e my‡Li evY
Kvi ‡Q‡j Kvi fvB? ‡Zvgvi Avgvi mK‡ji|
Avgiv mvjv‡gi fvB Avgiv eiK‡Zi fvB
knx` gwZD‡ii i³ e…_v ‡h‡Z ‡`e bv|
11 `dv msMÖvg Pj‡e|
QvÎ RbZvi gyw³i msMÖvg Pj‡eB|
knx` gwZD‡ii ¯§…wZ Agi nDK|
11 `dv gvb‡ZB n‡e|
knx‡`i i³ e…_v ‡h‡Z ‡`e bv
AvBqye kvwni Mw`‡Z/ Av¸b R¡v‡jv GKmv‡_|
AvBqye ‡gv‡bg `yB fvB GK `wo‡Z dvuwm PvB|
‡R‡ji Zvjv fvO‡ev ‡kL gywRe‡K Avb‡ev|
6 `dv wfwËK ¯^vqZ¡kvmb PvB|
Rv‡Mv Rv‡Mv ev½vjx Rv‡Mv|
‡Zvgvi ‡`k Avgvi ‡`k evsjv‡`k evsjv‡`k
evBk eQ‡i I‡`i ‡kvl‡Y g‡iwQ/ G‡mv K…lK,
kÖwgK, QvÎ, RbZv/ `vuovB GK mv‡_|
1970
= evuPvi `vex I wbe©vP‡bi `vex evbPv‡ji PKªvš— i“wLqv
`vuovb|
= PKªvš— cÖwZnZ Ki kvwš— Kv‡qg Ki|
= MYivq evbPvj Kiv Pj‡e bv|
= MYnZ¨v eÜ Ki|
= MYAwaKvi Kv‡qg Ki evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki|
= Kvu‡`v ‡`kevmx Kvu‡`v|
= kÖwgK K…lK QvÎ RbZv GK nI|

18 wW‡m¤^i '71 : GKwU Qwei Mí

Awg ingvb wcqvj
mgq 18 wW‡m¤^i, we‡Kj mv‡o PviUv| Kv‡`i wmwÏKx e½eÜyi evmfeb 32 b¤^‡ii evwo ‡_‡K ‡kL Rvgvj mn
iIbv w`‡q‡Qb GLbKvi RvZxq e½eÜy ‡÷wWqv‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨| weR‡qi ci ‡mw`bB cÖ_g ‡mLv‡b gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
wekvj mgv‡ek| Zv‡`i Mvwo hLb cë‡b ‡gvo wb‡q‡Q Ggb mgq wecixZ w`K ‡_‡K Qy‡U Avmv `y‡Uv WvUmvb
Mvwoi ‡fZi ‡_‡K wK‡kvix K‡É AvZ©wPrKvi ‡kv‡bb Zviv| m‡½ m‡½ Mvwo `y‡Uv wN‡i ‡d‡j gyw³evwnbxi Ab¨
m`m¨iv| `yRb hyeK ‡`Š‡o cvjvq, aiv c‡o Pvi Rb| fxZ mš—¯¿ wK‡kvix `y'R‡bi Kv‡Q hv Rvbv ‡Mj, Zviv
Aev½vjx| GB QqRb Zv‡`i evmvq jyUcvU Pvwj‡q, bM` 50 nvRvi UvKv I `y‡evb‡K Zy‡j wb‡q hvw”Qj, Avi
Zv‡`i e…× ‡gvUi ‡gKvwbK wcZv‡K ‡eu‡a ivLv n‡q‡Q Mvwoi ‡cQ‡bi e‡b‡U| wVKB ‡`Lv hvq mwZ¨ ej‡Q
‡g‡qiv| Gici `y¯‹…wZKvix 4 Rb‡K Rbmgy‡`Ö cwiYZ nIqv ‡÷wWqv‡g wb‡q hvIqv nq| ‡mLv‡b m`¨ ¯^vaxb
‡`‡k gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvPiY ‡Kgb nIqv DwPZ ‡m wb‡q e³e¨ iv‡Lb Kv‡`wiqv evwnbxi cÖavb| Ges g‡Â ‡Zvjv
nq ‡g‡q `y‡Uv‡K| Zv‡`i e³e¨ ‡kvbvi ci, RbZvi Kv‡Q ivq PvIqv nq- Zviv mg¯^‡i `vwe Rvbvb g…Zy¨`‡Ûi|
c‡i PviRb‡K GKwU K‡i ¸wj I ‡eq‡bU PvR© K‡i kvw¯— Kvh©Ki K‡i gyw³evwnbx| Qwe‡Z ‡eq‡bU nv‡Z Pv‡R©
hv‡”Qb ¯^qs e½exi Kv‡`i wmwÏKx| QwewU mivmwi aviY K‡i ‡ekwKQy we‡`wk wgwWqvi cÖwZwbwaiv I h_vixwZ
Zygyj mgv‡jvPbvi So ‡Zv‡j| Ges ‡`‡ki evB‡i _vKv ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivwaiv G‡K e¨envi K‡i evsjv‡`kwe‡ivax
cÖPviYvq|
Z_¨m~Î : ¯^vaxbZv '71 (Kv‡`i wmwÏKx)
47
1969 ‡_‡K hLb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vjb hLb ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡›`vj‡b iƒc
wb‡Z ïi“ Kij, ‡mB mgq ‡_‡K N‡U hvIqv A‡bK NUbvi KjKvwV ‡b‡o‡Q gvwK©b
hy³ivóÖ, cÖvq mKj NUbvB msNwUZ n‡q‡Q Av‡gwiKvi ÁvZmv‡i| ‡mB mg‡qi A‡bK
A‡bK g~j¨evb ‡Mv‡q›`v Z_¨, ‡UwjMÖvg, wi‡cvU© K¬vwmdv‡qW wnmv‡e gvwK©b ‡÷U wWcvU©‡g‡›Ui
Kv‡Q msiw¶Z wQj|
2005 mv‡j gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ 1969 ‡_‡K N‡U hvIqv ¯^vaxbZvi c~e©vci NUbv¸‡jvi `wjj mvaviY
Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Db¥y³ ev wW-K¬vwmdv‡qW K‡i ‡`q| GB WKy‡g›Um¸wj gvwK©b Foreign
Relations, 1969-1976, Volume E-7, Documents on South Asia, 1969-1972 bv‡g
msiw¶Z I me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Db¥y³ Av‡Q| GB E-7 fwjD‡gi †fZi Av‡Q A‡bK ARvbv Z_¨,
A‡bK ee©iZvi BwZnvm, ‡mB mg‡qi ivR‰bwZK cUcwiKªgvi Lei| GLv‡b Avwg g~j Bs‡iwR
‡U·‡Ui Py¤^K Ask wjs‡Ki mv‡_ mv‡_ Zy‡j w`w”Q|

1971 Gi 10B gvP© ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi i³cvZ Gov‡Z Bqvwnqvi mv‡_
Av‡jvPbvi B”QvcÖKvk msKªvš— ‡UwjMÖv‡gi Pz¤^K Ask
1) ALAMGIR RAHMAN (PROTECT) CAME TO SEE ME THIS MORNING WITH WHAT
HE SAID WAS MESSAGE FROM MUJIB. ACCORDING ALAMGIR, MUJIB HAD
WANTED YAHYA TO COME TO DACCA FOR TALKS AND I WAS GREATLY
RELIEVED AT NEWS THAT YAHYA WAS IN FACT COMING. MUJIB WANTED VERY
MUCH TO WORK OUT WITH YAHYA SOME POLITICAL SETTLEMENT THAT
WOULD AVOID BLOODSHED, SATISFY BENGALI ASPIRATIONS, AND PRESERVE
SOME VESTIGE OF LINK I WITH PAKISTAN. ALAMGIR OPINED THAT IT'S NOW
TOO LATE TO TALKS IN TERMS OF SIX-POINT CONSTITUTION BUT PERHAPS
SOME SOLUTION CANT BE FOUND ALONG LINES OF CONFEDERATION, WITH
SEPARATE CONSTITUTIONS OR EAST AND WEST PAKISTAN, AND ONE ARMY
AND ONE FOREIGN MINISTRY.
2) MUJIB'S QUESTION, SAID ALAMGIR, WAS "DOES THE UNITED STATES WANT
TO SEE MILITARY CONFRONTATION WITH THE PROSPECT OF EVENTUAL COM-
MUNIST DOMINATION OF BENGAL OR WOULD IT PREFER A POLITICAL SOLU-
TION TO THE CURRENT CRISIS?" I TOLD ALAMGIR THAT MUJIB'S QUESTION,
PUT THAT WAY, WAS EASY TO ANSWER. WE NATURALLY HOPED FOR A PEACE-
FUL POLITICAL SOLUTION IN LIEU OF BLOODSHED: WE WERE GRATIFIED TO
LEARN THAT MUJIB IS ALSO THINKING IN THESE TERMS, AND WE INTERPRET
YAHYA'S WILLINGNESS TO COME TO DACCA AS EVIDENCE HE TOO IS
DESIROUS OF ACHIEVING A PEACEFUL SOLUTION. WE HOPE BOTH SIDES
WOULD APPROACH TALKS IN THE SPIRIT OF COMPROMISE.

3) ALAMGIR THEN SAID MUJIB WANTED TO KNOW IF UNITED STATES WOULD

BE WILLING TO INDICATE TO YAHYA OUR HOPES FOR POLITICAL SOLUTION TO
CURRENT CRISIS. I SAID I DID NOT KNOW IF THIS THOUGHT HAD BEEN CON-
VEYED TO YAHYA IN ISLAMABAD BUT I WOULD UNDERTAKE TO SUGGEST TO

48
m~wPcÎ |
CHARGE THAT, IF APPROPRIATE OCCASION PRE-
SENTED ITSELF BEFORE YAHYA'S DEPARTURE
HE MIGHT NOTE TO YAHYA OUR HOPES FOR
POLITICAL SOLUTION PROBLEMS FACING PAK-
ISTAN.
25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b `~Zvev‡mi
‡UwjMÖvg-1
1. HERE IN DACCA WE ARE MUTE AND HORRI-
FIED WITNESSES TO A REIGN OF TERROR BY
THE PAK MILITARY. EVIDENCE CONTINUES TO
MOUNT THAT THE MLA AUTHORITIES HAVE A
LIST OF AWAMI LEAGUE SUPPORTERS WHOM
THEY ARE SYSTEMATICALLY ELIMINATING BY
SEEKING THEM OUT IN THEIR HOMES AND
SHOOTING THEM DOWN.
2. AMONG THOSE MARKED FOR EXTINCTION
IN ADDITION TO A.L. HIERARCHY, ARE STU-
DENT LEADERS AND UNIVERSITY FACULTY. IN
THIS SECOND CATEGORY WE HAVE REPORTS
THAT FAZLUR RAHMAN, HEAD OF APPLIED
PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, PROFESSOR DEV,
HEAD OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT AND A
HINDU, M. ABEDIN, HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF
HISTORY, HAVE BEEN KILLED. RAZZAK OF
POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT IS
RUMORED DEAD. ALSO ON LIST ARE BULK OF
MNA'S ELECT AND NUMBER OF MPA'S.
3. MOREOVER, WITH SUPPORT OF PAK MILI-
TARY, NON-BENGALI MUSLIMS ARE SYSTEMAT-
ICALLY ATTACKING POOR PEOPLE'S QUAR-
TERS AND MURDERING BENGALIS AND HIN-
DUS. STREETS OF DACCA ARE AFLOOD WITH
HIINDUS AND OTHERS SEEKING TO GET OUT
OF DACCA.
MANY BENGALIS HAVE SOUGHT REFUGE IN
HOMES OF AMERICANS, MOST OF WHOM ARE
EXTENDING SHELTER.
gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b `~Zvev‡mi
‡UwjMÖvg-2
4. ITEM: AMERICAN PRIESTS (PROTECT) IN
OLD DACCA REPORT ARMY ACTED WITH NO
PROVOCATION ON PART OF BENGALS EXCEPT
BARRICADE ERECTION. ARMY EXCLUSIVELY
RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL FIRES. TECHNIQUE
WAS TO SET HOUSES AFIRE AND THEN GUN
DOWN PEOPLE AS THEY LEFT THEIR HOMES.
UNWILLING ESTIMATE NUMBER OF CASUAL-
TIES BUT ADVISED THAT MUST BE VERY HIGH.
BELIEVE HINDUS PARTICULAR FOCUS OF
CAMPAIGN, ALTHOUGH AREAS INCLUDING
NON-HINDUS ALSO BURNED OUT. STATED
ARMY LOOKING AWAMI LEAGUERS BUT REAL-
LY MORE INDISCRIMINATE THAN SELECTIVE IN
APPROACH. MOST ARMY DESTRUCTION
NIGHTS OF MARCH 25 AND 26: LESSER ON
MARCH 27 AND 28. ALSO REPORTED WHAT
TERMED RELIABLE ACCOUNT FAMILY OF
ELEVEN ALL KILLED NITE OF 25TH.
5. ITEM: MILITARY REPORTEDLY IS STANDING
BY WHILE NON-BENGALIS LOOT BENGALI
DWELLINGS. THEREBY ABETTING CRIMINAL
TENSIONS. BENGALI-NON-BENGALI TENSIONS
VERY HIGH (CONGEN OFFICERS THIS MORN-
ING (MARCH 29) WITNESSED BUTCHERING OF
ONE CIVILIAN BY ANOTHER IN AREA OF BEN-
GALI-NON-BENGALI DISCORD, ALTHOUGH INCI-
DENT POSSIBLY OF OTHER ORIGIN). BEN-
GALIS REPORTEDLY BIDING TIME TO RETALI-
ATE.
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b
`~Zvev‡mi ‡UwjMÖvg
1. AMERICAN SERVING WITH FAO IN EAST PAK-
ISTAN VISITED CONGEN MARCH 30 TO
REPORT ON TOUR OF DACCA UNIVERSITY
MARCH 27. WAS TOLD WEAPONS
STUDENTS HAD AT IQBAL HALL
SERVED ONLY TO INFURIATE ARMY.
STUDENTS EITHER SHOT DOWN IN ROOMS
OR MOWED DOWN WHEN THEY CAME OUT OF
BUILDING IN GROUPS. SAW TIGHTLY PACKED
PILE OF APPROXIMATELY TWENTY FIVE
CORPSES. WAS TOLD THIS WAS LAST BATCH
OF BODIES REMAINING, OTHERS HAVING
BEEN DISPOSED OF BY ARMY. WHILE THERE,
EMPTY ARMY TRUCK ARRIVED TO REMOVE
BODIES. MAJOR ATROCITY RECOUNTED TO
HIM TOOK PLACE AT KOKEYA GIRLS' HALL
WHERE BUILDING SET ABLAZE AND GIRLS
MACHINE-GUNNED AS THEY FLED BUILDING.
USIS LOCAL WHO LIVES NEAR BY CONFIRMS
GIRLS GUNNED DOWN. GIRLS HAD NO
WEAPONS. FORTY KILLED. ATTACK AIMED AT
ELIMINATING FEMALE STUDENT LEADERSHIP,
SINCE ARMY APPARENTLY TOLD GIRL STU-
DENT ACTIVISTS RESIDED THERE. ESTIMATED
1,000 PERSONS, MOSTLY STUDENTS, BUT
INCLUDING FACULTY MEMBERS RESIDENT IN
DORMS, KILLED. HE CLAIMED UNIVERSITY
CONTACTS WHO CONDUCTED HIM ON TOUR
HAD BEEN NOTED FOR THEIR RELIABILITY
FOR INFORMATION IN PAST. TOLD ALL UNIVER-
SITY FILES BURNED BY ARMY IN WHAT
APPEARED BE PURPOSEFUL MOVE.
4. REPORTS VARY RE STATUS OF TOP STU-
DENT LEADERS. SOME SAY ARMY TOOK NO
PRISONERS AND KILLED ALL PRESENT IN
DORMS. HENCE IF STUDENT LEADERS THERE,
THEY TOO KILLED. OTHER UNIVERSITY CON-
TACTS SAY GAME PLAN IF ARMY MOVED IN
FORCE WAS FOR TOP LEADERS TO ESCAPE
TO COUNTRY-SIDE TO ORGANIZE RESIS-
TANCE. MOST APPARENTLY SUCCEEDED IN
GETTING OUT OF DACCA ENVIRONS. ARMY
RADIO BROADCAST MONITORED HERE SUG-
GESTS SOME STUDENTS ESCAPED.
49
m~wPcÎ |
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¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i m¤¢ve¨ djvdj ch©‡e¶Y
Py¤^K Ask
This estimate assesses the present and prospec-
tive state of the Pakistani civil war, the role of India
and other powers, and the outlook for Pakistan's
two components -- if the Bengali uprising should be
put down, and if it should succeed.
THE ESTIMATE
I. THE CONFLICT IN BENGAL
1. When they launched their campaign on 25
March, the West Pakistani military leaders probably
expected -- or at least hoped -- to destroy the
Awami League (AL) and regain effective control of
East Bengal in a matter of days, if not hours. They
clearly miscalculated; most of the top AL leaders
have been arrested, but lower level party leaders
continue to be active throughout much of the coun-
tryside. While no precise figures are available, sub-
stantial elements of the 13,000-man East Pakistani
Rifles (the provincial paramilitary force) remain in
being, as do a few of the Bengali units of the
Pakistani Army. Although beset by serious logistic
and leadership problems, these armed cadres con-
tinue to resist the West Pakistani units in East
Bengal; they are able to move fairly easily through
most of the countryside.
2. Islamabad's forces are in command of the two
principal cities, Dacca and Chittagong, and a few of
the lesser ones. Even there, the Army's hold is
maintained by severely repressive measures and
rigid curfews. Most economic activity has halted;
the ports are virtually closed and most transport is
disrupted. A number of bridges have been
destroyed, ferry boats sunk, and rail lines (including
that between Dacca and Chittagong) cut.
Nonetheless, regular army forces can move
through the region at will, except where inhibited by
transport difficulties.
3. The prospects are poor that the 30,000-odd
West Pakistani troops can substantially improve
their position, much less reassert control over 75
million rebellious Bengalis. This is likely to be the
case even if the expeditionary forces is augmented.
For most of East Pakistan's residents, the time has
come for a separate Bengali nation. Many years of
economic discrimination and political repression by
the west wing had made an autonomous Bangla
Desh the choice of over 75 percent of Bengali vot-
ers in the December 1970 elections. The refusal of
Pakistan's military leaders to honor that choice and
their attempt to terrorize the Bengalis into submis-
sion have alomst certianly ended any general
desire in East Bengal to see the Pakistani union
continue.
4. Whether the army is to face widespread non-
cooperation or continued active resistance will
depend in part on how much help India gives the
Bengalis. All but a few miles of East Bengal's land
frontiers are with India, and the movement of arms
and guerrillas across these very extensive borders
cannot be prevented. There is considerable evi-
dence that some arms shipments have already
taken place.* The Indian Government's support for
the Bengali's will be determined by a mix of
response to domestic popular pressures -- which
are quite strong -- and of an assessment of India's
own national interests. Statements of
support in parliament and the press
have been very strong. West Pakistan, with
its military forcess, has long been a principal enemy
of India. A successful Bengali insurgency would
serve to weaken and discredit West Pakistan. The
East Wing, basically uninterested in the Kashmir
dispute and never the scene of major Indo-Pakistani
fighting, poses no military threat to New Delhi. To
the contrary, its leaders -- particularly Mujibur
Rahman of the AL -- have advocated cordial rela-
tions with India. Hence, we estimate that India will
continue and increase its arms aid to the Bengalis
and this will enable them to develope at a minimum
the kind of insurgency capability which the army
cannot entirely supress. In so doing, India is accept-
ing the risk that some of its arms may fall into
extremist hands. In the time the Bengalis may prove
more than a match for the army except where the
latter is consentrated in a few strong points.
7. India of course runs the risk in supporting or
intervening in a Bengali rebellion. To do so could
provoke Islamabad into launching an attack on
Western India. However, in the 1965 war the Indian
military showed itself more then a match for the
Pakistanis. The Indians are now much better
equipped than in 1965, and face forces weakened
by transfer of Pakistani units to East Bengal.
11. So far, with the qualified exception of China,
none of the major powers have shown any support
for the central government’s efforts in Bengal.
Moscow ahs put itself firmly on the record in oppo-
sition to the West Pakistani military suppression of
East Pakistani; its choice was no doubt heavily
influenced by the Indian attitude. It has called for a
political settlement, and probably does not believe
Soviet interests would be served by prolongation of
the conflict. The Soviets have probably concluded
that the odds favor a separatist solution or at least
that Islamabad has little chance of imposing its will
on East Bengal in any lasting and effective way.
50
m~wPcÎ |
13. Stories of atrocities in Dacca and elsewhere
have been widely circulated in the Western world,
and West Pakistani actions have been condemned
by a number of private citizens and groups. No sin-
gle Western country has much influence on the sit-
uation, but general Western disapproval may make
the government in Islamabad less certain of the
wisdom of present policies and more amenable to
pressures for change.
PROSPECTS FOR EAST BENGAL
A. As a Part of a United Pakistan
14. In the unlikely event that the West Pakistanis
did succeed in reasserting military control over the
Bengalis, they would almost certainly find it impos-
sible to develop a new political system based on
anything approaching a consensus of opinion in the
two wings. In the December 1970 elections, the
Bengalis gave an overwhelming mandate for politi-
cal and economic autonomy: opinions have since
hardened.
The best the West Pakistanis could hope to
achieve would be something like a restoration of
conditions which existed under Ayub (and which
were ended by mass public uprisings in 1968-
1969). Routine and low-level administrative duties
would be in the hands of Bengalis loyal to
Islamabad (and such individuals do remain, though
they are in a minority); ultimate authority would con-
tinue to be in the hands of West Pakistani authori-
ties, and the army would remain the final arbiter of
power. The two areas would remain one economic
unit, and the central government would make some
effort to cope with the formidable economic prob-
lems of East Bengal. But a substantial majority of
the population would continue to be strongly disaf-
fected, probably tot he point of launching sporadic
uprisings. The Pakistani Government's talk about
enlisting loyalist Bengalis in any significant numbers
is wishful thinking.
B. As an Independent Nation
15. The political complexion and outlook of an inde-
pendent Bangla Desh are extremely difficult to fore-
cast. If it came into being rather soon, and if Mujib
and the principal AL leaders were still alive and per-
mitted to return, they would quickly take over.
Mujib's political and economic philosophies are
essentially moderate ones; he wishes to develop
good relations with India and adopt a generally bal-
anced and neutralist international posture. In
domestic affairs he advocates a mild type of social-
ism, emphasizing an improvement in the living
standards of the Bengali people and a concerted
attack on the many economic prob-
lems of the area. On the other hand, the
longer the fighting goes on, the more the
prospects for a takeover by an extremist and radi-
cal leadership could be enhanced. We know almost
nothing about such radicals; in recent years the pol-
itics of East Bengali protest have focused almost
exclusively on the issue of autonomy. Nonetheless,
given the large number of Bengali extremists in
India and the ease of interchange of ideas and peo-
ple between the two regions, radical movements
could develop extremely rapidly.
16. Whatever its government, and independent
Bangla Desh would, in the short term, have some
things going for it. Relatively speaking for an under-
developed country, its balance of payments prob-
lems would not be bad, thanks to its large current
exports of jute. It would almost certainly repudiate
the large debts to West Pakistan and the outside
world incurred in its name. Able to trade freely with
India, as it has not been in the past, it could buy
many goods more cheaply.
17. But Bangla Desh would face serious problems
both in the short and long term. The floods and
cyclone of 1970 raised import requirements to
about 3 million tons of food grains for the period
until June 1971.
Some, though almost certainly not all, of this has
already been met by shipments of PL 480 and
West Pakistani food grains. But Bengali ports have
been closed since 25 March, and ships carrying
food have been diverted. The internal transportation
network has been disrupted. We have no informa-
tion about food conditions throughout East Bengal
now, but severe food shortages are almost certain
and famines in certain areas not out of the ques-
tion. Beyond this, the basic economic problems in
that region are as severe as those faced by any
country in the world, and they appear unlikely to
improve much in the next several years.
51
m~wPcÎ |
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Minutes of Senior Review Group Meeting
SUMMARY OF DECISIONS
It was agreed to:
-discuss the situation with the British to see if they
would take the lead in an approach to West
Pakistan to discourage the use of force, if it should
become necessary;
-advise our missions at Dacca and Islamabad of
our thinking and instruct Dacca, if they receive an
approach from Mujib on recognition of a separate
East Pakistan regime, to say nothing and refer it to
Washington;
-consult by telephone on Sunday, March 7 following
word on Mujib's speech./2/
Mr. Kissinger: I thought we might have a brief dis-
cussion of what may be ahead and what our basic
choices may be. I assume we will know something
tomorrow.
Mr. Johnson: We have a good interagency contin-
gency paper.
Mr. Kissinger: Yes, it's a very good paper.
Mr. Johnson: We're already on page 7 of that paper
so far as events go. I would like to make two points.
First, this is not an East-West, or a US-Soviet, or a
US-Indian confrontation. The US, USSR and India
all have an interest in the continued unity of
Pakistan and have nothing to gain from a break-up.
Second, we have no control over the events which
will determine the outcome, and very little influence.
We will know better what the issues are tomorrow
after Mujibur Rahman's speech. Yahya's speech
today was described by our Embassy as a mixture
of sugar and bile. If the issue is postponed for a
few days, we don't face any immediate problem. If
Mujib should come to us and tell us he plans to
make a unilateral declaration of independence and
ask what our attitude would be, we would then face
the issue of what to say. If Yahya carries out his
declaration on the use of force against East
Pakistan, we would have to decide what attitude to
adopt. The judgement of all of us is that with the
number of troops available to Yahya (a total of
20,000, with 12,000 combat troops) and a hostile
East Pakistan population of 75 million, the result
would be a blood-bath with no hope of West
Pakistan reestablishing control over East Pakistan.
In this event, we would be interested in bringing
about a cessation of hostilities, but the question of
whether we or others should take the lead remains
to be seen. We are talking with the British this after-
noon about the situation. Mujib has unparalleled
political control, capturing 160 of the
162 seats up for grabs in the last elec-
tion. And he is friendly toward the US. In
West Pakistan, Bhutto is almost unparalleledly
unfriendly to the US. While we have maintained a
posture of hoping the country can be brought
together and its unity preserved, the chances of
doing so now are extremely slight. It is only a ques-
tion of time and circumstances as to how they will
split, and to what degree the split is complete or
may be papered over in some vague confederal
scheme.
Page 7 of the contingency study introduced the
question of what the U.S. posture would be if the
secession of East Pakistan appeared to be imminent.
In a radio address on March 6, Yahya announced
that he had decided to convene the National
Assembly on March 25. He concluded the speech
by warning that as long as he was in charge of the
armed forces he would defend the integrity of
Pakistan. (Telegram 1957 from Islamabad, March 6;
National Archives, RG 59, Central Files 1970-73,
POL PAK) The Embassy's comments on the
speech were reported in telegram 1963 from
Islamabad, March 6.
I plan to send something out today to give our peo-
ple in Dacca and Islamabad the flavor of our think-
ing in terms of the pros and cons, and to instruct
Dacca, if they are approached by Mujib, to stall and
refer to Washington. We can then make a decision
on our reply in the light of the circumstances at the
time. In general, we would like to see unity pre-
served. If it cannot be, we would like to see the split
take place with the least possible bloodshed or dis-
order. If Mujib approaches us, we will have to walk
a tightrope between making him think we are giving
him the cold shoulder and not encouraging him to
move toward a split if any hope remains for a com-
promise.
52
m~wPcÎ |
Mr. Van Hollen: There are three possibilities for
Mujib tomorrow: a unilateral declaration of inde-
pendence; something just short of that-possibly a
suggestion for two separate constitutions; or
acceptance of Yahya's proposal that the National
Assembly meet on March 25.
Mr. Kissinger: But doesn't Mujib control the
Assembly?
Mr. Van Hollen: Yes, but Yahya controls its convening.
Mr. Kissinger: Why wouldn't the convening of the
National Assembly on March 25 be acceptable to
East Pakistan? They control the Assembly and
nothing can pass without them.
Mr. Van Hollen: They may interpret it as another
stalling tactic by Yahya.
Mr. Kissinger: If they accept the proposal for an
Assembly meeting, we have no foreign policy problem.
Mr. Johnson: I agree; the temperature drops.
Mr. Kissinger: What would be the motive for a dec-
laration of independence?
Mr. Van Hollen: There has been movement in East
Pakistan in that direction which was intensified by
Yahya's postponement of the National Assembly
meeting that was scheduled for last Wednesday./7/
Also, they have interpreted Yahya's speech yester-
day as being particularly hardline, blaming Mujib for
the situation and threatening the use of force.
Mr. Kissinger: I agree that force won't work.
Mr. Van Hollen: Yes, but they might try.
Mr. Helms: To coin a phrase, Yahya's attitude is that
he did not become President of Pakistan to preside
over the dissolution of the Pakistan state.
Mr. Kissinger: What force do they have?
Mr. Helms: 20,000 troops.
Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan resist? What is
their population?
Mr. Johnson: 75 million, and they would resist. Also,
West Pakistan would not be allowed to overfly
India.
Mr. Kissinger: It would be impossible. They would
have to reinforce by ship.
Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan resist? What is
their population?
Mr. Johnson: 75 million, and they would resist. Also,
West Pakistan would not be allowed to overfly
India.
Mr. Kissinger: It would be impossible. They would
have to reinforce by ship.
Mr. Johnson: They have some C-130's which could
fly around India by refueling in Ceylon.
Mr. Kissinger: Ceylon wouldn't let them, would
they?
Mr. Van Hollen: They do it now, but they might not if
circumstances should change.
Mr. Noyes: India would put pressure on Ceylon to
refuse.
Mr. Johnson: They could use their jet transports.
Mr. Noyes: They only have 11 of limited capacity.
Mr. Kissinger: They would have to have some logis-
tics back-up.
Mr. Noyes: They have three ships
which could move 8000 men in a week's
time.
Mr. Van Hollen: Despite all the problems, our mis-
sion in Islamabad estimates that Yahya is prepared
to use force.
Mr. Noyes: They have 15,000 troops in Dacca.
Mr. Kissinger: You mean 15,000 of their 20,000
troops are in Dacca? They might just want to hold
Dacca.
Mr. Johnson: This is not a situation which would be
resolved by the use of force.
Mr. Kissinger: Doesn't contingency 3/8/ get us three
weeks, if not more. If the matter goes to the
National Assembly we should have several months
to study it.
/8/ Contingency 3 of the contingency study cited in
footnote 3 above outlined a U.S. response to a situ-
ation in which Pakistan rejected a unilateral decla-
ration of independence and attempted to put down
the secession by force.
Mr. Johnson: In those circumstances we would
have no immediate foreign policy problem.
Mr. Kissinger: If an autonomous situation develops-
possibly two constitutions with some vague confed-
eral links-would we be required to make some
immediate decisions?
Mr. Van Hollen: It would depend on the West
Pakistan reaction.
It would probably buy us time. Something short of a
unilateral declaration of independence might be
accepted by West Pakistan. In that event, they
would not use force.
53
m~wPcÎ |
Mr. Kissinger: How would two separate constitutions
work? The National Assembly wouldn't meet? Or
would meet and draft two separate constitutions?
Mr. Van Hollen: It wouldn't have to be done by the
National Assemblies; the country could be operated
by the provincial assemblies. The Provincial
Assembly in East Pakistan could draft their consti-
tution. Mujib in the East and Bhutto in the West
would wield effective power.
Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan conduct its own
foreign policy?
Mr. Van Hollen: That's a moot point.
Mr. Kissinger: In any event, that's not our problem.
If West Pakistan accepts a solution in which each
part conducts its own foreign relations, we would go
along. If West Pakistan doesn't accept such a solu-
tion, we will have to decide whether to go along
and grant recognition to East Pakistan. There would
be no need for us to take a stand on autonomy. If
they declare independence, we face the recognition
question. If autonomy is rejected, we face the prob-
lem of our positions on the use of force. In other
words, we have to face the question on the use of
force in independence and autonomy. We face the
problem of recognition only if they declare inde-
pendence. Is that a fair statement? What are your
views on this?
Mr. Johnson: On autonomy, if West Pakistan does
not accept that solution and seeks to use force, I
think we would want to discourage the use of force.
We would do the same in the event of a unilateral
declaration of independence.
Mr. Kissinger: If I may be the devil's advocate, why
should we say anything?
Mr. Johnson: If the West Pakistanis use force, there
will be a bloodbath or, at least, a situation of great
turmoil in East Pakistan. If it is quickly over, there
would be no problem. But if it continues, there
would be problems. The Indians, and possibly oth-
ers, might feel impelled to intervene if it continued.
In the short run, probably not.
Mr. Kissinger: What would we do to discourage the
use of force? Tell Yahya we don't favor it?
Mr. Johnson: We would first go to the British to try
to get them to take the lead. We shouldn't take the
lead.
Mr. Helms: Amen!
Mr. Kissinger: Intervention would almost certainly
be self-defeating.
Mr. Johnson: We have no control over develop-
ments and very little influence.
Mr. Kissinger: When is Mujib's statement?
Mr. Helms: Tomorrow at 1600 GMT.
Mr. Van Hollen: Another reason for our not taking
the lead is that West Pakistan is very suspicious
that we are supporting a separate East Pakistan
state. If we tell Yahya to call off the use of force, it
will merely fuel this suspicion.
Mr. Kissinger: The President will be very reluctant
to do anything that Yahya could interpret as a per-
sonal affront. When we talk about trying to discour-
age West Pakistan intervention, we mean try to get
another country with a history of concern in the
area to do it. Would they do it in both our names?
Mr. Kissinger: The President will be very reluctant
to do anything that Yahya could interpret as a per-
sonal affront. When we talk about trying to discour-
age West Pakistan intervention, we mean try to get
another country with a history of concern in the
area to do it. Would they do it in both
our names?
Mr. Johnson: We're not at that point yet. We've just
begun to look for someone to do it, if necessary.
How it is done and the degree of our association
will be decided at the time. Our objective is to dis-
courage the use of force.
Mr. Kissinger: Will this mean that Yahya is through
anyway?
Mr. Van Hollen: Not necessarily. He could still
remain as President with Bhutto wielding all effec-
tive political power.
Mr. Kissinger: Yahya had counted on being in con-
trol because of the divisions in the National
Assembly.
Mr. Van Hollen: Of course, the elections seriously
eroded his position.
Mr. Kissinger: He had been able to play off Bhutto
against East Pakistan. If East Pakistan becomes an
independent state, Bhutto is in effective control in
the West.
Mr. Van Hollen: Yahya will continue to represent the
military establishment which is a significant political
force in West Pakistan. He may retain some limited
residual power.
Mr. Kissinger: In any event, we can't neglect him.
Mr. Johnson: No.
Mr. Kissinger: Let's keep that in mind.
Mr. Johnson: It would be most unwise to do any-
thing to prejudice our relations with Yahya. To what-
ever degree he remains and has power, we should
54
m~wPcÎ |
do what we can to help him.
Mr. Kissinger: Would it make any difference if we
suggested to West Pakistan that the use of force
would be unwise? You understand I don't mind hav-
ing another country taking the rap.
Mr. Johnson: When we say "discourage" or "partici-
pate in discouraging" we don't mean pound the
table and tell them they can't do it. We mean dis-
cuss it with them.
Mr. Helms: We don't want to get into a family fight.
Mr. Kissinger: If we could go in mildly as a friend to
say we think it's a bad idea, it wouldn't be so bad.
But if the country is breaking up, they won't be like-
ly to receive such a message calmly. If we can get
the British to do it, I wish them well!
Mr. Johnson: There has been no decision on our
part to do anything. This is the purpose of our talks
with the British.
Mr. Kissinger: If we should make an approach, we
might give them an alibi, so that Bhutto could say
that the Americans, by warning them against the
use of force, kept West Pakistan from restoring the
unity of the country.
Mr. Johnson: That's right.
Mr. Kissinger: It is essential that we discuss this
with the British.
Mr. Johnson: We can't reach a decision now on
how to proceed. If we can get someone else to take
the lead, okay. If not, we will have to decide
whether we want to do anything. I am not propos-
ing we do anything, but it is a course of action we
may have to consider.
Mr. Kissinger: I think we all see the pros and cons
clearly. Alex (Johnson) and I will talk after his talks with
the British. Every department will be consulted before
we make any move. We will also have a chance to
take the issue before the President if necessary.
Mr. Van Hollen: The British may be very reluctant to
do anything. It does have some advantages,
though, because the Pakistanis are not as suspi-
cious of the British as they are of us and the British
odor in Pakistan is not bad now because of their
attitude toward the recent hijacking.
Mr. Kissinger: In the highly emotional atmosphere
of West Pakistan under the circumstances, I won-
der whether sending the American Ambassador in
to argue against moving doesn't buy us the worst of
everything. Will our doing so make the slightest dif-
ference? I can't imagine that they give a damn what
we think.
Mr. Helms: I agree. My visceral reaction is to keep
our distance as long as we can.
Mr. Kissinger: Alex (Johnson) will talk to the British
and we will all consult tomorrow-
unless, of course, Mujib's speech is con-
ciliatory. What if they declare their independ-
ence? Will we get an immediate recognition
request?
Mr. Johnson: Probably, but we don't have to rush.
We can see what Mujib says in his approach to us.
We shouldn't be the first to recognize. We will want
to consult with the British first since they have inter-
ests in both East and West Pakistan.
Mr. Van Hollen: The Japanese do too; also, possi-
bly the West Germans and the French.
Mr. Johnson: We will want to recognize eventually
but not be the first.
Mr. Van Hollen: Of course, if the parting is amicable
and we get a request for recognition, it would be
okay.
Mr. Kissinger: Suppose the request for recognition
comes to our Consul General in Dacca. What will
he say?
Mr. Van Hollen: He will refer to Washington.
Mr. Johnson: I'll tell them so this afternoon, not that
I think he would do anything else.
Mr. Kissinger: Option 3/9/ suggests we consult with
the Indians in case a military situation develops. I
wonder whether we should do that. I can see that, if
there is a threat of Indian military intervention, we
might wish to advise them that we think it unwise.
/9/ Of the contingency study.
Mr. Van Hollen: The prospect of Indian intervention
is very slim in the early stages.
Mr. Kissinger: I question too great activity on our
55
m~wPcÎ |
part. We can't win anything from it, and some
Pakistani leaders would be delighted to stick us
with it. I wonder whether we should intervene with
them or with the Indians.
Mr. Johnson: There is a case to be made for mas-
sive inaction.
Mr. Helms: Absolutely.
Mr. Kissinger: I'm just going through the options.
The possibility of Chinese military intervention
seems so unlikely.
Mr. Johnson: The paper dismisses it.
Mr. Kissinger: I assume the mention of international
diplomatic intervention was put in for intellectual
symmetry.
Mr. Van Hollen: That is far down the road. If a real
blood-bath develops, comparable to the Biafra situ-
ation, we may want to review the picture. In such
case, international attention could be focussed on
the problem, but this is a long way ahead.
Mr. Johnson: In any event, we wouldn't threaten
West Pakistan with any sanctions.
Mr. Kissinger: Or call our Ambassador home for
consultation.
Mr. Johnson: Our Ambassador is in Bangkok for
some medical problem.
Mr. Kissinger: Who is our Charge?
Mr. Saunders: Sid Sober. He's a good man.
Mr. Johnson: Yes. We don't need to rush the
Ambassador back.
Mr. Kissinger: I was really only joking. We'll be in
touch tomorrow. East Pakistan regime, to say nothing
and refer it to Washington;
Mr. Johnson: I'll get something out to our people
today giving them our thinking. When will we know -consult by telephone on Sunday, March 7 fol-
about the speech tomorrow? lowing word on Mujib's speech
Mr. Noyes: About 5:00 a.m. mfvq Dcw¯’Z m`m¨e…›`
Mr. Saunders: There is a ten-hour time difference. Chairman-Henry A. Kissinger
We should know fairly early in the morning. Yahya's
speech of yesterday was on the CBS 8:00 a.m. State
news today. U. Alexis Johnson
Christopher Van Hollen
Mr. Johnson: Our Operations Center will be on the William Spengler
alert for the speech. Thomas Thornton
Defense
Mr. Kissinger: We'll check with each other as soon James S. Noyes
as we know about the speech-with a view to taking Brig. Gen. Devol Brett
no action!
CIA
Mr. Helms: What's the situation at the Technical Richard Helms
University (in Ankara) today? David H. Blee
Mr. Kissinger: What about the four Airmen? Do they JCS
still think they are in the University? Vice Adm. John Weinel
Col. James Connell
Mr. Saunders: We have no word. The Embassy
doesn't think they are in the University and the NSC Staff
Turks have widened their search-they went into 100 Col. Richard Kennedy
private homes last night looking for them. The Harold Saunders
demonstrations have stopped, though, and things Samuel Hoskinson
are quieter today. Jeanne W. Davis
mfvq wb‡gœv³ wm×vš—¸wj M…nxZ nqÑ Z_¨m~Î
It was agreed to: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC
-discuss the situation with the British to see if they Files, NSC Institutional Files (H-Files), Box H-112,
would take the lead in an approach to West SRG Minutes, Originals, 1971. Secret; Nodis. No
Pakistan to discourage the use of force, if it should drafting information appears on the minutes. The
become necessary; meeting was held in the White House Situation Room.
A briefer record of the meeting, prepared by Brigadier
-advise our missions at Dacca and Islamabad of General Devol Brett of OSD, is in the Washington
our thinking and instruct Dacca, if they receive an National Records Center, OSD Files, FRC 330 76
approach from Mujib on recognition of a separate 0197, Box 74, Pakistan 092 (Jan-Jul) 1971.
56
m~wPcÎ |

result of her letter was

Nixon: Yeah.

HwZnvwmK K‡_vcK_b : wiPvW© wb·b I ‡nbwi wKwmÄvi Kissinger: that you’ve written to Yahya. So
everybody’s happy. The Pakistanis
Nixon: But we don’t say anything against Yahya?
Kissinger: No, no. You just say you hope the
1971 mv‡ji 25‡k gvP© nvbv`vi cvKevwnbx iv‡Zi Auvav‡i Nixon: No. refugees will soon be able to go back to East
ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wbwe©Pv‡i MYnZ¨v Ges 26 ‡k Kissinger: And conversely, Indira Gandhi, I checked Pakistan. He will then reply to you that’s exactly
gv‡P©i ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi ci gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ cÖv_wgKfv‡e GB with the Indian Ambassador, they’re getting so devi- what he wants. I’ve got it all arranged with the
hyׇK cvwK¯—v‡bi Af¨š—ixY ‡Kv›`j Ges G ‡_‡K DËiY ous now Nixon: Good. Go ahead.
jv‡fi Rb¨ mvgwiK Rvš—v Bqvwnqv‡K m‡e©vZfv‡e mnvqZv Nixon: She wants... Kissinger: Embassy. Then you can take credit. You
cÖ`vb K‡i| wKš‘ 1971 mv‡ji 17B GwcÖj gywRebM‡i Kissinger: She would like to be able to say that one can tell the Indians to pipe down
A¯’vqx miKv‡ii kc_ MÖn‡Yi ci gyw³hy‡× bZyb gvÎv hy³ Nixon: Yeah.
nq| hy³ivóÖ GB e¨vcviwU‡Z fvi‡Zi mivmwi BÜb Av‡Q Kissinger: And we’ll keep
e‡j m‡›`n ‡cvlY K‡i| Yahya happy.
Nixon: The Indians need—
GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hy³ivóÖ cvwK¯—v‡bi Af¨š—ixY e¨vcv‡i bvK what they need really is
bv Mjvevi Rb¨ fvi‡Z cÖwZ Kov ûuwkqvwi D”PviY K‡i Ges a....
e¨vcK K‚U‰bwZK ZrciZv Pvjvq| ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b cvwK¯— Kissinger: They’re such
vb‡K me©cÖKvi mnvqZvi Avk¦vm w`‡q Bqvwnqv‡K GKwU wPwV bastards.
cvVvb| D™¢~Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv MvÜx Nixon: A mass famine. But
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× fvi‡Zi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K© ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b‡K they aren't going to get
GKwU wPwV cvVvb| GB wPwVi m~Î a‡iB 1971 mv‡ji 26 ‡k that. We're going to feed
‡g ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b Ges Zvi RvZxq wbivcËv Dc‡`óv ‡nbix them a new kind of wheat.
wKwmÄv‡ii g‡a¨ wb‡gœv³ K‡_vcK_bÑ But if they're not going to
have a famine the last thing
Conversation Between President Nixon and his they need is another war.
Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger), Let the goddamn Indians
Washington, May 26, 1971, 10:38-10:44 a.m. fight a war .
Kissinger: They are the
Kissinger: Indira Gandhi has written you a letter. most aggressive goddamn
Nixon: I know about... people around there.
Kissinger: Well, no. We should answer it. Let me Nixon: The Indians?
say one other thing. Kissinger: Yeah.
Nixon: (unclear) Nixon: Sure.
Kissinger: Well you can tell her—you can use it to
bring pressure on her not to take military action. Z_¨m~Î
Also, I talked to the Pakistan Ambassador. He said Foreign Relations, 1969-
that Yahya might appreciate a letter, which would 1976, Documents on South
give him an excuse to answer all the things by say- Asia, 1969-1972, Released
ing, listing all the things he’s doing because he by the Office of the
can’t get any publicity here. wiPvW© wb·b I †nbwi wKwmÄvi, 1972 Historian

57
m~wPcÎ |
1971 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡ii NUbvcÖevn
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i `xN© 9 gv‡mi NUbvcÖevn we‡k¬lY Ki‡j ‡`Lv
hvq 1971 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^i gv‡m hy‡×i MwZcÖK…wZ
cv‡ë ‡h‡Z _v‡K| gyw³evwnbxi KªgvMZ ‡Pviv‡Mvßv I
‡Mwijv nvgjvi cvkvcvwk ‡ek K‡qKwU dÖ‡È msNwUZ
AvKv‡i hy× ïi“ nq| w`‡knviv cvKevwnbx Zv‡`i AZ¨vPvi
I wbh©vZ‡bi gvÎv evov‡jI ‡ek K‡qKwU ¯’vb ‡_‡K wcQy
nU‡Z eva¨ nq| b‡f¤^‡ii ‡kl mßvn ‡_‡KB ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×
fvi‡Zi mwKªq AskMÖn‡Yi m¤¢vebv ‰Zwi nq Ges ‡kl ch©š—
wW‡m¤^‡ii 3 ZvwiL ‡_‡K fviZ gyw³evwnbxi mv‡_ wg‡j cvK
nvbv`vi evwnbxi mv‡_ hy‡× AeZxY© nq|
GB mgqKv‡j Avš—R©vwZK K~UbxwZ‡Z hy³iv‡óÖi ‡bZ…‡Z¡
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Z_v Bqvwnqvi c‡¶ e¨vcK ZrciZv j¶¨
Kiv hvq, hvi ‡K›`Öxq mgš^qK wQ‡jb gvwK©b RvZxq wbivcËv
Dc‡`óv ‡nbix wKwmÄvi| GB mg‡q wb·b cÖkvmb fvi‡Zi
Dci e¨vcK K~U‰bwZK Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×
wbi‡c¶ f~wgKv cvjb Kivi Rb¨| fviZ ZLbKvi Ab¨Zg
cÖavb civkw³ ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi mivmwi mg_©‡b
hy³iv‡óÖi ‡mB Pvc AMÖvn¨ Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Z‡e fviZ
KL‡bvB hy³iv‡óÖi mivmwi wei“×vPviY K‡iwb| Avwg GLv‡b
1971 Gi b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^‡i `…wói Avov‡j N‡U hvIqv wKQy
HwZnvwmK NUbvi wjsK w`w”Q, AvMÖnx cvVK‡K Aby‡iva
KiwQ g~j wjs‡K ‡h‡q A‡bK ARvbv Z_¨ Rvbvi Rb¨|
1. 5 b‡f¤^i 1971 : wb·b, wKwmÄvi Ges wPd Ae óvd
Aìvig¨v‡bi g‡a¨ 6 wW‡m¤^i AbywôZe¨ Bw›`iv MvÜxi mv‡_
‰eV‡Ki e¨vcv‡i K‡_vcK_b
2. 5 b‡f¤^i 1971 : gvwK©b ciivógš¿xi Kv‡Q ‡ck Kiv
‡Mvcb wi‡cvU© : c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡bi Dci Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi K‡›UÖvj
mxwgZ : ‡mbv evwnbx wbR `vwq‡Z¡ wm×vš— wb‡”Q Ges
Ab¨vb¨....
3. b‡f¤^i 11 : fviZ - cvwK¯—v‡bi m¤¢ve¨ hy‡× hy³iv‡óÖi
KiYxq wel‡h ‡¯úkvj GKkb Mªy‡ci Rb¨ ‰Zix Kiv ‡Mvcb
cÖwZ‡e`b
4. b‡f¤^i 15 : ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b, ‡nbix wKwmÄvi I cvwK¯—
v‡bi ciivóÖgš¿x myjZvb Lv‡bi g‡a¨ K‡_vcK_b| wb·b
KZ©…K myjZvb Lvb‡K m‡e©vZ mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi Avk¦vm Ges
fvi‡Zi mv‡_ m¤¢ve¨ hy× Gov‡Z KiYxq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv|
5| b‡f¤^i 23 - gvwK©b ciivóÖgš¿x DBwjqvg iRvi Ges
RvZxq wbivcËv Dc‡`óv ‡nbix wKwmb&Rv‡ii g‡a¨ c~e©-
cvwK¯—v‡b Kªg ea©gvb hy× cwiw¯’wZ wb‡q K‡_vcK_b| GB
K‡_vcK_‡b hy‡× hy³iv‡óÖi f~wgKv wb‡q Zv‡`i ga¨
gZcv_©K¨ ¯úó n‡q c‡o|
6| 24 b‡f¤^i 1971 : ‡nvqvBU nvD‡m wb·b, wKwmÄvi
Ges ciivóÖgš¿x iRvi Gi g‡a¨ K‡_vcK_b| fviZ-cvwK¯—
vb m¤¢ve¨ hy× ‡gvKv‡ejvi Dcvq m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/e7/48533.htm
7| 26 b‡f¤^i 1971 : ZZ&Kvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖvg wb‡q wb·b Ges wKwmÄv‡ii g‡a¨ wgwUs| wb·b GB
hy‡× fviZ‡K weeÖZKi Ae¯’vq ‡djvi Rb¨ Db¥yL
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/48091.pdf
8| 3 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : fviZ‡K wKfv‡e Pjgvb msK‡Ui
Rb¨ `vqx Kiv hvq ‡m e¨vcv‡i wb·b Ges ciivóÖgš¿x iRvi
Gi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/48094.pdf
9| wb·b Ges gvwK©b A_©gš¿x Kbjx Gi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv|
Av‡jvPbvq Zviv GB g‡g© GKgZ nb ‡h c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
we`¨gvb msKU D‡¯‹ ‡`qvi ‡¶‡Î fviZ I ‡mvwf‡qZ
BDwbq‡bi f~wgKv Av‡Q Ges G e¨vcv‡i hy³iv‡óÖi DwPZ
fvi‡Zi we‡ivwaZv Kiv|
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/48096.pdf
10| 6 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : wb·b Ges wKwmb&Rv‡ii g‡a¨ c~e©
cvwK¯—vb‡K ‡K›`Ö K‡i Pjgvb fviZ-cvwK¯—vb msKU wb‡q
Av‡jvPbv| wb·‡bi g‡Z G msK‡U cvwK¯—v‡bi R‡qi
m¤¢vebv LyeB ¶xY
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/e7/48650.htm
11| 8 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : IqvwksU‡b wbhy³ cvwK¯—vbx ivóÖ`~Z
‡g. ‡R. ‡gvnv¤§` ivRv Ges ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·‡bi g‡a¨
K‡_vcK_b| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× cvwK¯—v‡bi
Kªgea©gvb ‡KvbVvmv Ae¯’v‡bi cÖw¶‡Z wb·b
cvwK¯—vb‡K ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi mv‡_ mvgwiK mnvqZv
Pyw³ cybi“¾xweZ Kivi civgk© ‡`b| gyj e¨vcviwU wQj
fviZ‡K ‡KvbVvmv Kiv|
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/48101.pdf
12| 8 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : wb·b, wKwmÄvi Ges gvwK©b GUb©x
‡Rbv‡ij Rb wg‡Pj Gi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv| ‰eV‡K wb·b
fvi‡Zi wei“‡× Pxbv mvgwiK Awfhvb ïi“ Kivi Rb¨
wKwmÄvi‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c wb‡Z wb‡`©k ‡`b| GQvovI
AbwZwej‡¤^ e‡½vcmvMi Awfgy‡L gvwK©b iYZix cvVv‡bvi
wm×vš— ‡bqv nq
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/e7/48537.htm
13| 9 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : wb·b, wKwmÄvi, ‡mvwf‡qZ K…wlgš¿x
gvZm‡KwfP Ges ‡mvwf‡qZ `~Z f‡ivbZmf Gi g‡a¨
‰eVK| ‰eV‡K wb·b ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb‡K ûwkqvi K‡i ‡`b
‡h, hw` ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb cwðg cvwK¯—vb AvÎg‡Y
fviZ‡K wbe…Ë bv K‡i Zvn‡j hy³ivóÖ I ‡mvwf‡qZ
BDwbq‡bi g‡a¨ hy× AZ¨vmbœ
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/nixon/e7/48540.htm
14| 9 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : ‡Mvcb wmAvBG cÖwZ‡e`b| fviZ
‡hvM ‡`evi ci ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× cvwK¯—v‡bi civRq wbwðZ
http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/47989.pdf
15| 9 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : ‡Mv‡q›`v wi‡cv‡UiÖ wfwˇZ gvwK©b
Dcjw× gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`‡ki weRq mywbwðZ| wb·b
cÖkvm‡bi cwðg cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶vi w`‡K ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc
16| wW‡m¤^i 11 1971 : cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡WcywU cÖavbgš¿x
RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Æv, ivóÖ`yZ ‡gvnv¤§` ivRv Ges
wKwmb&Rv‡ii g‡a¨ K‡_vcK_b| f~‡Æv KZ©…K gvwK©b
cÖkvmb‡K cÖKv‡k¨ fvi‡Zi wei“‡× e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i
ivRx Ki‡Z ‡Rvi cÖ‡Póv
17| 12 wW‡m¤^i 1971 : gvwK©b ga¨¯’Zvq fviZ-cvwK¯—vb
hy×weiwZi ‡¶‡Î cvwK¯—v‡bi Ae¯’vb Rvb‡Z ‡P‡q cvK¯—v‡bi
‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb‡K ‡UwjMÖvg
Z_¨m~Î :
Foreign Relations, 1969-1976, Documents on
South Asia, 1969-1972
Released by the Office of the Historian
58
m~wPcÎ |
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ‡hLv‡b AvKvkI Kvu‡`
East Pakistan: Even the Skies Weep GB wQj 1971
mv‡ji 25‡k A‡±vei cÖKvwkZ UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi GKwU
wbe‡Üi wk‡ivbvg| GLbI ‡mB wbeÜwU co‡j gywóe× n‡q
Av‡m nvZ| Kx wbg©g eY©bv GKUv RvwZ‡K wbcxo‡bi, nZ¨v
Avi al©‡Yi! UvBg ‡_‡K D×…wZ-
Though Islamabad has ordered the military com-
mand to ease off on its repressive tactics, refugees
are still trekking into India at the rate of about
30,000 a day, telling of villages burned, residents
shot, and prominent figures carried off and never
heard from again. One of the more horrible revela-
tions concerns 563 young Bengali women, some
only 18, who have been held captive inside Dacca's
dingy military cantonment since the first days of the
fighting. Seized from Dacca University and private
homes and forced into military brothels, the girls
are all three to five months pregnant. The army is
reported to have enlisted Bengali gynecologists to
abort girls held at military installations. But for those
at the Dacca cantonment it is too late for abortion.
The military has begun freeing the girls a few at a
time, still carrying the babies of Pakistani soldiers.
A Million Dead. No one knows how many have died
in the seven-month-old civil war. But in Karachi, a
source with close connections to Yahya's military
regime concedes: "The generals say the figure is at
least 1,000,000." Punitive raids by the Pakistani
army against villages near sites sabotaged by the
Mukti Bahini, the Bengali liberation army, are an
everyday occurrence.
GLb A‡bK‡KB ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× g…‡Zi msL¨v wb‡q ivRbxwZ
Ki‡Z ‡`Lv hvq| UvB‡gi A‡±vei wbe‡Ü msL¨vUv ejv Av‡Q
1 wgwjqb gv‡b 10 j¶| hy× Gi c‡iI P‡j‡Q| P‡j‡Q
wbg©gZv| Zv‡`i‡K ewj coyb Avi mwZ¨Kv‡ii BwZnvm‡K
Rvbyb| hw` evsjv‡`kx n‡q _v‡Kb Zvn‡j GwU Avcbvi
`vwqZ¡|
G‡K wbg©gZv ej‡jI Lye Kg ejv n‡q hvqÑ
Always Hungry. As conditions within East Pakistan
have worsened, so have those of the refugees in
India. The stench from poor sanitation facilities
hangs heavy in the air. Rajinder Kumar, 32, former-
ly a clerk in Dacca, says he is "always hungry" on
his daily grain ration of 300 grams (about 1½ cups).
His three children each get half that much. "They
cry for more," he says, "but there isn't any more."
Malnutrition has reached desperate proportions
among the children. Dr. John Seamon, a British doc-
tor with the Save the Children Fund who has trav-
eled extensively among the 1,000 or so scattered
refugee camps estimates that 150,000 children
between the ages of one and eight have
died, and that 500,000 more are suffering
from serious malnutrition and related diseases.
GLv‡b cv‡eb UvBg Gi wbeÜwU
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,877316,00.html
evsjv‡`k : GKwU RvwZi Rb¥
JAI Bangla! Jai Bangla!" From the banks of the
great Ganges and the broad Brahmaputra, from the
emerald rice fields and mustard-colored hills of the
countryside, from the countless squares of count-
less villages came the cry. GB wQj gyw³hy‡×
evsjv‡`‡ki weRq jv‡fi ci UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi 20 wW‡m¤^i
1971 msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ wbeÜ Bangladesh: Out of War,
a Nation Is Born Gi cÖ_g jvBb|
UvBg Gi GB HwZnvwmK cÖwZ‡e`bwU‡Z gyw³hy‡×
evsjv‡`‡ki weR‡qi ‡cÖ¶vcU, evOvjxi Av‡eM Avi ‡`‡ki
cÖwZ fvjevmv‡K Lye PgrKvifv‡e dywU‡q ‡Zvjv n‡q‡Q| ‡mB
mv‡_ hy×weaŸ¯— GKwU ‡`‡ki mvg‡bi AwbwðZ Ges KwVb
mg‡qi DciI Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| we¯—vwiZfv‡e
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q gyw³hy‡× fviZxq ‡mbvevwnbxi f~wgKv
Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi civR‡qi KviYmg~n| A‡bK AwbðqZv Avi
KwVb ev¯—eZvi ‡`vjvP‡jI UvBg g¨vMvwRb Gi GB KwU
jvBb bZyb Rb¥ ‡bqv GKwU ‡`‡ki Av‡eM‡K cÖKvk Kivi
Rb¨ h‡_ó..
And so at week's end the streams of refugees who
walked so long and so far to get to India began
making the long journey back home to pick up the
threads of their lives. For some, there were happy
reunions with relatives and friends, for others tears
and the bitter sense of loss for those who will never
return. But there were new homes to be raised,
new shrines to be built, and a new nation to be
formed. The land was there too, lush and green.
¯^vaxbZvi GB Ag~j¨ Av‡iKwU `wjjwU covi Rb¨ wjsK
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,878969,00.html
59
m~wPcÎ |
c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii ‡Mvcb `wjj
wbRvgx gyRvwn` gyw³hy× cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z Zrci wQ‡jb
kIKZ ‡nv‡mb gvmyg
gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx 1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z
me iK‡gi mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi `jxq
‡bZvKg©x‡`i Svuwc‡q covi wb‡`©k ‡`b| Avi Avjx Avnmvb
‡gv: gyRvwn` gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z Avje`i evwnbx
M‡o Zyj‡Z wb‡`©k ‡`b `jxq Kg©x‡`i| Zv‡`i ‡mB
AcKxwZ©i we¯—vwiZ D‡j¬L i‡q‡Q ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb
miKv‡ii ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvj‡qi ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvj‡qi GB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b gyw³hy×
PjvKv‡j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi kxl© ‡bZv I mvaviY Kg©x‡`i
f~wgKv Av‡iv ¯úó n‡q ‡M‡Q| c~e© cvwK¯—vb ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvjq
1971 mv‡j GB cÖ‡`‡ki ZLbKvi cwiw¯’wZ wb‡q Bqvwnqv
miKvi‡K gv‡m `yBevi ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`b cvVv‡Zv|
cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Awdwmqvj wk‡ivbvg ÔdU©bvBUwj wm‡KªU wi‡cvU©
Ab `¨ wmPy‡qkb Bb B÷ cvwK¯—vbÕ|
IB cÖwZ‡e`‡b cvwK¯—vb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ZrKvjxb
mfvcwZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, QvÎ msN ‡bZv Avjx Avnmvb
‡gv: gyRvwn`, G wU Gg AvRnvi“j Bmjvg wKfv‡e ZLb
cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶vi Kv‡R e¨¯— wQ‡jb, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i kv‡q¯—v
Ki‡Z Zrci wQ‡jb Gm‡ei we¯—vwiZ D‡j¬L Av‡Q| eZ©gv‡b
GB wZbRb h_vKª‡g Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki Avgxi,
‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij I mnKvwi ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij|
IB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡`Lv hvq, GKvˇii 14 Ryb Bmjvgx
QvÎ ms‡Ni GK mfv AbywôZ nq gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi Rvgvjcyi
gnKygvq| mfvq cÖavb AwZw_i e³‡e¨ Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni
mfvcwZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx e‡jb, cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx
mg‡qvc‡hvMx wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| ‡mbvevwnbx ‡hfv‡e KvR Ki‡Q
Zv‡Z AvIqvgx jxM‡K aŸsm Kiv m¤¢e| wZwb e‡jb, Bmjvg
i¶vq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z
n‡e| GRb¨ `jxq ‡bZv-Kg©x‡`i Svuwc‡q covi wb‡`©k ‡`b
wZwb| cÖm½Z, Bmjvgx QvÎmsN wQj IB mg‡q cvwK¯—vwb
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi A½ msMVb|
cÖwZ‡e`‡bi ‡g gv‡mi cÖ_g fvM ch©v‡jvPbvq ‡`Lv hvq, 5
‡g XvKv bMi Rvgvqv‡Zi GK mfvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg cvwK¯—vb
i¶v‡_© wK wK KiYxq ‡m wel‡q `‡ji ‡bZv‡`i wb‡`©k ‡`b
Ges me KjKviLvbv Pvjy ‡i‡L ‡`‡k ‡h ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v
weivR Ki‡Q GB cwiw¯’wZ m…wói e¨vcv‡iI mswk¬ó‡`i
mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z e‡jb| 11 ‡g cvwK¯—vb Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgxi mvaviY m¤úv`K ‡PŠayix ingZ Avjx I ‡gRi
‡Rbv‡ij (Ae:) Igivn Lvb XvKvq Av‡mb| ‡Mvjvg Avhgmn
Ab¨‡`i m‡½ ‰eVK K‡i Zviv RvgvqvZ Kg©x‡`i cvwK¯—vb
miKvi‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e mn‡hvwMZvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| cvwK¯—
v‡bi wefw³ ‡h‡Kv‡bvfv‡e i“L‡Z n‡e GB wb‡`©k ‡`b Zviv|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii GB `wj‡j ‡`Lv hvq [b¤^i
482/158-cj./Gm(AvB)], 4 AvM÷ Lyjbv ‡Rjv Rvgvqv‡Zi
GK mfvq Avgxi ‡Mvjvg Avhg Zvi e³‡e¨ e½eÜy ‡kL
gywRe‡K AvL¨v ‡`b wew”QbœZvev`x wn‡m‡e| wZwb e‡jb, gywRe
‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K fyj c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Q| ‡Mvjvg Avhg
Zvi fvlvq Ôwew”QbœZvev`x‡`iÕ aŸsm Ki‡Z Rvgvqv‡Zi
‡bZ…‡Z¡ Ab¨vb¨‡`i GKÎ nIqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| ¯’vbxq
wgDwbwmc¨vj n‡j GB mfvq mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib ‡Rjv
Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi gvIjvbv Ave`ym mvËvi| GB mvËvi
ev‡MinvU-4 Avmb ‡_‡K wbe©vwPZ RvgvqvZ `jxq mv‡eK
mvsm`| 28 AvM÷ 1971 G ‡`Iqv DcwiD³ cÖwZ‡e`‡b
¯^v¶i K‡ib ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii ¯^ivóÖ mwPe
Gg Gg KvwRg| cÖwZ‡e`‡b [b¤^i 549(159)-cj.Gm
(AvB)] ‡`Lv hvq, AvM÷ gv‡mi wØZxq mßv‡n Kywóqv ‡Rjv
Rvgvqv‡Zi m‡¤§j‡b e³‡e¨ Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡jb,
Ôwn›`yiv gymjgvb‡`i Ab¨Zg kKª| Zviv me mgq cvwK¯—vb‡K
aŸs‡mi ‡Póv Ki‡QÕ| m‡¤§j‡b ‡Mvjvg Avhg cÖwZ MÖv‡g kvwš—
(wcm) KwgwU MV‡bi wb‡`©k ‡`b| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `y®‹…wZKvix
AvL¨v w`‡q Zv‡`i `g‡bi Kvh©Kªg ‡bIqviI wb‡`©k ‡`b
wZwb| wZwb e‡jb, Lye wkMwMi ivRvKvi, gyRvwn` I cywjk
wgwjZfv‡e `y®‹…wZKvix‡`i ‡gvKvwejvq m¶g n‡e| 18 AvM÷
¯^ivóÖ mwPe GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯^v¶i K‡ib|
A‡±ve‡i wØZxq fv‡Mi miKvwi GB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b (13
b‡f¤^i 1971 ¯^ivóÖ mwPe mvwiZ) ejv n‡q‡Q, 17 A‡±vei
iscy‡i cvwK¯—vb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni GK mfvq Avjx Avnmvb
‡gv: gyRvwn` Avj e`i evwnbx M‡o Zyj‡Z `jxq ‡bZv-
Kg©x‡`i wb‡`©k ‡`b| wZwb e‡jb, Bmjvgwe‡ivax kw³‡`i
cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ hyeK‡`i msMwVZ K‡i Avj-e`i
evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi Ic‡i wZwb ¸i“Z¡
‡`b| mfvq mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib G wU Gg
AvRnvi“j Bmjvg| IB cÖwZ‡e`‡b Av‡iv ejv
n‡q‡Q, 7 b‡f¤^i Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx Avj-e`i w`em cvjb
K‡i| `‡ji ‡bZviv w`em cvj‡bi wewfbœ Abyôv‡b Avj-e`i
evwnbx‡Z RbMY‡K ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q ejv nq
Ôhviv cwK¯—vb Pvqbv Zviv Avgv‡`i kKª| cvwK¯—v‡bi ALÛZv
i“L‡Z n‡e I kKª‡`i cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z n‡e|Õ Gw`‡K 14
b‡f¤^i XvKv bMi Rvgvqv‡Zi 20 m`m¨wewkó gRwj‡m k~ivi
‰eV‡K Avev‡iv cvwK¯—vb i¶vq ‡Rnv‡`i WvK ‡`Iqv nq|
‡m‡Þ¤^i gv‡mi wØZxq fv‡Mi ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q,
16 ‡m‡Þ¤^i wm‡j‡U GK mfvq Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni mfvcwZ
gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv‡`i ZxeÖ we‡lv`Mvi
K‡i e‡jb, Zviv cvwK¯—v‡bi wei“‡× cvwK¯—vbx gymjgvb‡`i
†¶wc‡q Zy‡j‡Q| nvZ wgwj‡q‡Q fvi‡Zi m‡½| wZwb e‡jb,
cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| Bmjvgx QvÎ msN I Rvjvjvev`
QvÎ mwgwZ ‡hŠ_fv‡e GB mfvi Av‡qvRb K‡i| Bmjvgx QvÎ
msN I Rvjvev`vev` QvÎ mwgwZ ‡hŠ_fv‡e G mfvi Av‡qvRb
K‡i| GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯^ivóÖmwPe Gg Gg KvwRg ¯^v¶i K‡ib
15 A‡±vei 1971|
25 ‡m‡Þ¤^i jvjev‡Mi 1/1 Avãyj gwZb ‡PŠayix ‡iv‡W
Rvgvqv‡Z D‡jgv Bmjvg I ‡bRv‡g Bmjvgx `‡ji wbe©vnx
KwgwUi ‰eVK nq| G‡Z wQ‡jb gvIjvbv wmwÏK Avng`,
‡gŠjfx Avkivd Avjx, ‡gŠjfx ‡gv: BeÖvwng, gydwZ ‡gv:
BDmyd, gvIjvbv ‡gv: BmnvK (c~e© cvwK¯’vb miKv‡ii ¯’vbxq
miKvi gš¿x)| ‰eV‡K `jwU Dc-wbe©vP‡b hvIqvi wm×vš—
‡bq| Ab¨w`‡K 6 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Bmjvgx QvÎ msN XvKv gv`Övmv‡q
Avwjqvq ÔcvwK¯—vb cÖwZi¶v w`emÕ cvjb K‡i| mfvq cvwK¯—
v‡bi ALÛZv ivq me©vZ¥K KvR Pvwj‡q hvIqvi wm×vš— nq|
29 ‡m‡Þ¤^i ¯^ivóÖ mwPe ¯^v¶wiZ ‡m‡Þ¤^i cÖ_g fv‡Mi GB
cÖwZ‡e`‡b G welqwUi D‡j¬L Av‡Q|
Gi Av‡M 3 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx ‡K›`Öxq KwgwUi
m‡¤§j‡b Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg, cvwK¯—v‡bi AvBbk…•Ljv
i¶vq me©kw³ wb‡qv‡Mi wb‡`©k ‡`b `‡ji ‡bZv-Kg©x‡`i|
GKBm‡½ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `y®‹…wZKvix AvL¨v w`‡q Zv‡`i
cÖwZnZ Kivi wb‡`©kI ‡`b| cÖm½Z. 17 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Mfb©i
gv‡jK 9 m`‡m¨i gwš¿cwil‡`i kc_ MÖnY Kivb| G‡Z
Rvgvqv‡Zi `yBRb wQj| Giv n‡jb AveŸvm Avjx Lvb I
gvIjvbv G ‡K Gg BDmyd| AveŸvm Avjx Lvb wQ‡jb
Rvgvqv‡Zi fvicÖvß Avwgi, gvIjvbv BDmyd GLb `‡ji
bv‡q‡e Avwgi|
K…ZÁZv : Avwidyi ingvb ‡`vjb
60
m~wPcÎ |
BwZnvm Lyu‡o ‡`Lv
gywRebMi miKvi, ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYvc‡Îi g~j
`wjj Ges gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK
wgivRyi ingvb
GKwU RvwZi Rb¨ Zvi m…wó msMÖv‡gi mwVK BwZnvm RvbvUv
`iKvwi| gyw³hy‡×i ci wewfbœ mg‡q ¶gZvq _vKv
miKvi¸‡jvi ‡¯^”QvPvwiZvi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³msMÖv‡gi
mwVK BwZnvm wb‡q bZyb cÖR‡b¥i g‡a¨ ¯úóZB weåvwš—
Av‡Q| cvV¨cy¯—K ‡_‡K wgwWqv me©ÎB BwZnv‡mi KvUv‡Quov
n‡q‡Q ZvB Gi gvS ‡_‡K mwVK BwZnvm Zy‡j Avbv KóKi|
gyw³hy‡×i mgmvgwqK RvZxq Ges Avš—R©vwZK wewfbœ
`wjjcÎ GB me weåvwš— ‡_‡K bZyb cÖRb¥mn mKj
evsjv‡`kx‡K mwVK BwZnvm Rvbv‡bvi ‡¶‡Î GKUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
B`vbxs e¬‡M gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK ‡K wQ‡jb ‡m e¨vcv‡i
A‡bK Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q| †K wQ‡jb me©vwabvqK? e½eÜy ‡kL
gywReyi ingvb bvwK ‡Rbv‡ij AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx? Avm‡j
GB e¨vcviwU wb‡q A‡b‡KiB ¯^”Q aviYvi Afve Av‡Q|
cvV¨cy¯—K ‡_‡KI mwVK e¨vcvi Rvbv m¤¢e bq, GgbwK
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii wbR¯^ cÖKvkbvqI G e¨vcv‡i `yB ai‡bi
K_v Av‡Q| ‡Kv_vI ejv n‡q‡Q e½eÜy wQ‡jb me©vwabvqK
Avevi ‡Kv_vI ejv n‡q‡Q ‡Rbv‡ij Imgvbx wQ‡jb
me©vwabvqK| Avmyb BwZnvm Luy‡o ‡`wL, Avmj mZ¨ ‡KvbwU?
1971 mv‡ji 26 ‡k gv‡P©i ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi mgq
evsjv‡`‡k Kvh©Z ‡Kvb miKvi wQ‡jv bv| e½eÜyi c‡¶
¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡jI Ges Zv‡K miKvi cÖavb wnmv‡e
‡NvlYv ‡`qv n‡jI evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii iƒc‡iLv 1971 Gi
10B GwcÖj ch©š— ¯úó wQ‡jv bv| 1971 mv‡ji 10B GwcÖj
1970 Gi wbe©vP‡b weRqx RvZxq cwil‡`i m`m¨iv
AvbyôvwbK fv‡e evsjv‡`k miKvi MVb K‡ib Ges GB
miKvi 17B GwcÖj Kywóqv ‡Rjvi ‡g‡nicy‡ii ‰e`¨bv_Zjvi
(‡hwU‡K c‡i gywRebMi bv‡g bvgKiY Kiv nq) GKwU
AvgevMv‡b kc_ MÖnY K‡ib| 17B GwcÖj kc_ wb‡jI 10B
GwcÖj miKvi MV‡bi ci ‡mBw`bB Zviv ¯^vavbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ
MÖnY K‡ib| gyj ‡NvlYvcÎwU wQ‡jv Bs‡iwR‡Z Ges ‡mwU GB
‡jLvi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡iwQ|
GB ‡NvlYvc‡Îi gva¨‡g Avbylw½K e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i 1971
mv‡ji 26‡k gvP© n‡Z evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb ivóÖ wnmv‡e ‡NvlYv
Kiv nq Ges e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki Ges ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg‡K Dc-ivóÖcÖavb
wnmv‡e ‡NvlYv Kiv nq| ‡mB mv‡_ ‡NvlYvc‡Î GwU D‡j¬L
Kiv nq ‡h ‡cÖwm‡W›U beMwVZ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mKj
Avg©W ‡dv‡m©m Gi mycÖxg KgvÛvi wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb
Ki‡eb| mywcÖg KgvÛv‡ii mij e½vbyev` n‡Z cv‡i
me©vwabvqK|
gyj Bs‡iwR ‡_‡K D×…wZ ..
“...........We the elected representatives of the people
of Bangladesh as honor bound by the mandate given
to us by the people of Bangladesh whose will is
supreme, duly constituted ourselves into a
Constituent Assembly, and
Having held mutual consultations, and
In order to ensure for the people of Bangladesh
equality, human dignity and social justice,
Declare and constitute Bangladesh to be sovereign
peoples’ Republic and thereby confirm the declaration
of independence already made by Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and
Do hereby affirm and resolve that till such time as a
Constitution is framed, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman shall be the President of the Republic and
that Syed Nazrul Islam shall be the Vice-President of
the Republic, and
That the President shall be the Supreme Commander
of all the Armed Forces of the Republic......
GB ‡NvlYvcÎwUB wQ‡jv P~ovš— weRqjv‡fi ci evsjv‡`k
miKvi MVb Ges msweavb iPbvi AvBwb `wjj|
GLv‡b GKwU e¨vcvi D‡j¬L¨ ‡h ZL‡bv beMwVZ evsjv‡`k
miKv‡ii ‡Kvb wbqwgZ ‡mbvevwnbx wQ‡jv bv Ges ZLbI
gyw³evwnbx MwVZ nqwb| ZLb ‡hwU wQ‡jv ‡mwU n‡jv cvwK¯—
vbx AvMÖvm‡bi wei“‡× G‡`‡ki gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li ¯^Ztù~Z©
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gva¨‡g M‡o IVv gyw³‡dŠR| Gici 17B GwcÖj
kc_ MÖnY Kivi ci MVb Kiv nq gyw³evwnbx, hvi KgvÛvi-
Bb-Pxd (Commander-in-chief) wnmv‡e wb‡qvM ‡`qv nq
K‡b©j (cieZ©x‡Z ‡Rbv‡ij) AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx‡K|
GLv‡b D‡j¬L¨ ‡h ‡Rbv‡ij Imgvbxi wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i mgq
evg©v iYv½‡b weÖwUk evwnbxi KgvÛvi wnmv‡e hy× Kivi
AwfÁZv wQ‡jv|
1971 mv‡ji 17B GwcÖj gyw³evwnbx MwVZ n‡jI Gi ‡Kvb
mgwš^Z iƒc wQ‡jv bv Ges ZLbI wbqwgZ evwnbx wnmv‡e
gyw³evwnbx msMwVZ wQ‡jv bv| msMwVZ evwnbx wnmv‡e
gyw³evwnbx hvÎv ïi“ K‡i 1971 mv‡ji 11 RyjvB| GB w`b
A¯’vqx ivóÖcÖavb ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjv‡gi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ evsjv‡`k
miKv‡ii gš¿xmfvi wgwUs‡q mgMÖ evsjv‡`k‡K 11wU ‡m±‡i
wef³ K‡i AM©vbvBRW d‡g© gyw³evwnbx cybM©Vb Kiv nq|
K‡Y©j AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx‡K KgvÛvi-Bb-Pxd
(Commander-in-chief) wnmv‡e envj ‡i‡L, ‡j. K‡Y©j
Avãyi ie‡K wPd Ad Avwg© ÷vd Ges Mªyc K¨v‡Þb G ‡K
L›`Kvi‡K ‡WcywU wPd Ad Avwg© ÷vd Ges Gqvi ‡dv‡m©i
cÖavb wnmv‡e wb‡qvM ‡`qv nq| G Qvov 11wU ‡m±‡ii
cÖwZwU‡Z Avjv`v K‡i ‡m±i KgvÛvi wb‡qvM Kiv nq hv‡`i
mevB KgvÛvi-Bb-wPd (Commander-in-chief) K‡b©j
Imgvbxi Aax‡b wQ‡jb|
61
m~wPcÎ |
GB n‡jv cÖK…Z BwZnvm| GLb gywRebMi miKvi hLb
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Î (‡hwU P~ovš— weRq jv‡fi ci evsjv‡`k
miKvi MVb Ges msweavb iPbvi AvBwb `wjj) e½eÜy‡K
(ivóÖcwZ wnmv‡e) evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Aaxb¯— mKj Avg©W
‡dv‡m©m Gi mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme Commander) ev
me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e ‡NvlYv Kivi ci gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK
‡h e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb wQ‡jb ‡mwU ¯úó| KviY
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎwUB n‡jv ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavb
AvBbx `wjj hv wQ‡jv msweavb Ges miKvi MV‡bi g~j
wfwË| GLv‡b D‡j¬L¨ ‡h e½eÜy cvwK¯—v‡b ‡R‡j AvUK _vKvi
Kvi‡Y ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ wnmv‡e
`vwqZ¡ cvjb Kivq gyw³hy‡×i mgqKv‡j wZwb gyw³hy‡×i
fvicÖvß me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb
‡Kbbv ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Î ivóÖcwZi me©vwabvqK nevi
e¨vcv‡i ¯úó ‡NvlYv wQ‡jv|
cieZ©x‡Z gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi-Bb-wPd
(Commander-in-chief) K‡Y©j Imgvbx‡K wb‡qvM
‡`qvq Ges hyׇ¶‡Î gyj ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wZwb _vKvq wZwb
wQ‡jb evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ (‡hwU
KgvÛvi-Bb-wP‡di e½vbyev` n‡Z cv‡i) ev gyw³evwnbxi
me©vwabvqK| GLv‡b GUv eyS‡Z n‡e wZwb KgvÛvi-Bb-
wPd (Commander-in-chief) n‡jI ¯^vaxbZvi
‡NvlYvcÎ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mKj Avg©W
‡dv‡m©m Gi mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme
Commander), G‡¶‡Î ivóÖcwZ, Gi AvIZvaxb
wQ‡jb| G ‡_‡KB ¯úó n‡q hvq ‡h gyw³hy‡×i
me©vwabvqK ev mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme
Commander) wQ‡jb beMwVZ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ivóÖcwZ
e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb|
GLb GKUv mnR mZ¨‡K eyS‡Z n‡e Gi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ ‡Rbv‡ij AvZvDj MwY
Imgvbxi we›`ygvÎ Aegyj¨vqb nq bv| Zvi ‡hvM¨Zv, ‡bZ…Z¡
¸Yvejxi Kvi‡YB Zv‡K gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi-Bb-wPd
(Commander-in-chief) wnmv‡e wb‡qvM ‡`qv n‡qwQj Ges
‡mB ‡hŠebKv‡ji evg©v iYv½‡bi gZ wZwb Zvi hyׇKŠkj Gi
gva¨‡g gyw³hyׇK myPvi“fv‡e cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb Ges weRq
wQwb‡q wb‡q G‡m‡Qb| GKwU RvwZi Rb¥hy‡×i GKRb
iƒcKvi Ges RvZxq exi wnmv‡e AvRxeb mKj evsjv‡`kx
Zvi Ae`v‡bi K_v kÖ×vf‡i g‡b ivL‡e| hviv Zvi
Aegyj¨vq‡bi ‡Póv K‡i Zviv Avm‡j wb‡R‡`iB Aegyj¨vqb
K‡i Zv‡Z ‡Rbv‡ij Imgvbxi Ae`v‡b GKUyKyI AuvPo c‡o
bv|
cybð : gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK ev gyw³evwnbxi me©vwabvqK
wb‡q Avš—R©vwZK wgwWqv¸wj‡ZI GL‡bv weåvwš— Av‡Q|
m¤cÖwZ wewewm‡Z hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi PvIqv msKªvš— GKwU
msev‡` AemicÖvß Gqvi fvBm gvk©vj (gyw³hy‡×i mgq Mªyc
K¨v‡Þb) G ‡K L›`Kvi‡K gyw³hy‡×i Dc-me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e
‡jLv n‡q‡Q| wjsK GLv‡b| hw`I AvBwWqvwj ejv DwPZ
wQ‡jv gyw³evwnbxi Dc-me©vwabvqK| Avm‡j miKvi‡KB
D‡`¨vMx n‡q GB RvZxq weåvwš— `~i Kiv DwPZ|
mshyw³ : 1971 mv‡ji 10B GwcÖj M…nxZ evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Îi g~j Bs‡iwR `wjj|
`wjjwUi Bs‡iwR ‡U·U
Whereas free elections were held in Bangladesh
from 7th December, 1970 to 17th January, 1971, to
elect representatives for the purpose of framing a
constitution,
And
Whereas at these elections the people of
Bangladesh elected 167 out of 169 representatives
belonging to the Awami League,
And
Whereas General Yahya Khan sum-
moned the elected representatives of the
people to meet on the 3rd March 1971, for the pur-
pose of framing a constitution,
And
Whereas instead of fulfilling their promise and while
still conferring with the representatives of the people
of Bangladesh, Pakistan authorities declared an
unjust and treacherous war,
And
Whereas in the facts and circumstances of
such treacherous conduct Bangabandhu
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the undisputed leader
of the 95 million people of Bangladesh, in due
fulfillment of the legitimate right of self determi-
nation of the people of Bangladesh, duly made
a declaration of independence at Dacca on
March 26, 1971, and urged the people of
Bangladesh to defend the honour and integrity
of Bangladesh,
And
Whereas in the conduct of a ruthless and sav-
age war the Pakistani authorities committed
and are still continuously committing numerous
acts of genocide and unprecedented tortures,
amongst others on the civilian and unarmed
people of Bangladesh,
And
Whereas the Government by levying an unjust war
and committing genocide and by other repressive
measures made it impossible for the elected repre-
sentatives of the people of Bangladesh to meet and
frame a Constitution, and give to themselves a
Government,
And
Whereas the people of Bangladesh by their hero-
ism, bravery and revolutionary fervour have estab-
lished effective control over the territories of
Bangladesh,
And
We the elected representatives of the people of
62
m~wPcÎ |
Bangladesh as honor bound by the mandate given to us by
the people of Bangladesh whose will is supreme, duly consti-
tuted ourselves into a Constituent Assembly, and
Having held mutual consultations, and
In order to ensure for the people of Bangladesh equality,
human dignity and social justice,
Declare and constitute Bangladesh to be sovereign peoples’
Republic and thereby confirm the declaration of independence
already made by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and
Do hereby affirm and resolve that till such time as a
Constitution is framed, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
shall be the President of the Republic and that Syed Nazrul
Islam shall be the Vice-President of the Republic, and
That the President shall be the Supreme Commander of all
the Armed Forces of the Republie,
Shall exercise all the Executive and Legislative powers of the
Republic including the power to grant pardon,
Shall exercise all the power to appoint a Prime Minister and
such other Ministers, as he considers necessary,
Shall have the power to levy taxes and expend monies,
Shall have the power to summon and adjourn the Constituent
Assembly, and
Do all other things that may be necessary to give to the peo-
ple of Bangladesh an orderly and just Government,
We the elected representatives of the people of Bangladesh
do further resolve that in the event of there being no President
or President being unable to enter upon his office or being
unable to exercise his powers and duties due to any reason
whatsoever, the Vice-President shall have and exercise all the
powers, duties and responsibilities herein conferred on the
President,
We further resolve that we undertake to observe and give
effect to all duties and obligations that devolve upon us as a
member of the family of nations and under the Charter of
United Nations.
We further resolve that this proclamation of independence
shall be deemed to have come into effect from 26th day of
March 1971.
We further resolve that in order to give effect to this instru-
ment we appoint prof. Yusuf Ali our duly Constituted
Potentiary and to give to the President and the Vice-President
oaths of office.
wewewm evRvi : gyw³hy‡×i ARvbv Kvwnbx
Avwgbyj Bmjvg Ry‡qj
RvqMvi bvg wewewm evRvi| ZvB e‡j RvqMvUv
wKš‘ jÛ‡b bq| GgbwK ‡mLv‡b ‡Kvb ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
wKsev ‡eZvi Dc‡K›`ÖI ‡bB| Avgv‡`i gnvb
gyw³hy× Avi ‡mB hy‡× weªwUk eÖWKvw÷s K‡c©v‡ikb
(wewewm)-Gi ‡MŠiegq ¯§…wZ aviY K‡i ab¨
AvR‡Ki wewewm evRvi| Ck¦i`x Dc‡Rjvi iƒccyi
evRv‡ii bvg n‡q‡Q wewewm evRvi| GB evRv‡ii
‡bc_¨ bvq‡Ki bvg Aveyj Kv‡kg ‡gvj¬v|
gyw³hy× PjvKv‡j iƒccyi GjvKvwU ‡ek R½jvKxY©
wQj| Gi mwbœwnZ nvwW©Ä weÖR Ges cvKkx ‡ccvi
wgj- `y‡UvB wQj cvKevwnbxi wekvj en‡i mw¾Z|
Nb MvQMvQvwj‡Z Av”Qvw`Z A‡c¶vK…Z wbivc`
¯’vb iscyi KoB Zjvq MÖv‡gi hyeK Aveyj Kv‡mg
‡gvj¬v GwcÖj(1971) gv‡mi cÖ_g w`‡K GKwU
Pv‡qi ‡`vKvb ‡`b| ‡`vKv‡b wQj GKUv w_Öe¨vÛ
‡iwWI| ‡h mg‡q cvuP MÖvg Ny‡i GKwU ‡iwWI
cvIqv ‡hZ bv ‡mB mg‡q GKwU w_Öe¨vÛ ‡iwWIi
gvwjK nIqv wQj ixwZgZ M‡e©i welq| gyw³hy‡×i
LeivLei ‡kvbvi Rb¨ wZwb wewewm ai‡Zb|
‡jvKRb KoB Zjvq Pv LvIqvi bvg K‡i hy‡×i
Ae¯’v wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kivi my‡hvM ‡cZ| Zv‡`i
Av‡jvPbvi ‡LvivM ‡hvMvZ wewewmi Lei| ax‡iax‡i
‡jvKmgvMg evo‡Z jvMj| ‡ewkifvM ‡jvKB
AvmZ hy‡×i LeivLei ‡kvbvi Rb¨| K‡qK gv‡mi
gv‡mi g‡a¨ ‡jvKRb iƒccyi evRv‡ii bvg cwieZ©b
K‡i ivLj wewewm evRvi| ¯^vaxbZvi ci RvqMvwUi
bvg ¯’vqxfv‡eB wewewm evRvi e‡j cwiwPZ cvq|
‡`k ¯^vax‡bi ci mviv ‡Rjvq wewewm evRv‡ii
Kvwnbx Qwo‡q hvq| wewewm KZ…©c‡¶i Kv‡bI
‡cuŠ‡Q hvq Kv‡mg ‡gvj¬vi wewewm evRv‡ii Kvwnbx|
1992 mv‡j wewewmi cÂvk eQi c~wZ©‡Z Zv‡`i
GKwU `j evsjv‡`k, fviZ, cvwK¯—vb md‡i
Av‡m| GB cÖwZwbwa`j wewewm evRvi cwi`k©b
K‡i| Zv‡`i m¤§v‡b GjvKvevmx cÖvYXvjv msea©bvi
Av‡qvRb K‡i| cÖwZwbwa`jI Abyiƒc K…ZÁZv
Ávcb K‡i|
¯^vaxbZvi GZ eQi ci wewewm evRvi wPb‡jI
A‡b‡KB Rv‡bb bv Gi ‡Mvovi K_v| gyw³hy‡×i
‡mB DËvj w`b¸‡jv‡Z hLb ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi
wKsev wewewmi Abyôvb ‡kvbv wQj AZ¨š— SyuwKc~Y©,
ivRvKvi-Avje`‡ii ‡Kvcvb‡j covi mg~n AvksKv
wQj, GB gnv AvksKvi K_v ‡R‡bI fiv evRv‡i
e‡m ïay wb‡RB ‡kv‡bbwb ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
wKsev wewewmi Abyôvb, Ab¨ kZRb‡KI ‡cŠ‡Q
w`‡q‡Qb ‡mB msev`| GUv wK Kg mvnm wKsev
‡`k‡cÖ‡gi K_v?
‡gv. ZvwiK gvngy‡`i †cv÷ †_‡K †jLvwU
msM„nxZ|
[cy‡iv‡bv ‡Kvb cwÎKvi GKUv ‡Quov cvZvq ‡jLvUv
c‡owQjvg, ‡mLv‡b ‡jL‡Ki bvg wQj| mevi mv‡_
‡kqvi Kijvg|]
63
m~wPcÎ |
3 gvP© 1971 : cë‡bi Rbmfvq QvÎmsMÖvg cwil‡`i ‡NvlYv
1. GB mfv cvwK¯—vbx Dcwb‡ekev` kw³i ‡jwj‡q ‡`Iqv mk¯¿
‡mbvevwnbx KZ©…K evOvjx‡`i Dci ¸wjel©‡Yi d‡j wbnZ
evOvjx fvB‡`i we‡`nx AvZ¥vi gvM‡divZ Kvgbv Kwi‡Z‡Q
Ges ‡kvKmš—ß cwievi cwiR‡bi cÖwZ mg‡e`bv Ávcb
Kwi‡Z‡Q Ges cvwK¯—vbx Dcwb‡ekev` kw³i ‡mbvevwnbxi
RNb¨ nZ¨vKv‡Êi cÖwZev‡` cÖwZ‡iva Av‡›`vjb Mwoqv ‡Zvjvi
Rb¨ AvnŸvb RvbvB‡Z‡Q|
2. GB mfv fvovwUqv ‡mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z AvnZ ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖv‡g AskMÖnbKvix exi evOvjx fvB‡`i evuPvBqv ivLvi Rb¨
¯^v¯’¨evb evOvjx fvB‡`i‡K e¬vWe¨v‡¼ i³ cÖ`v‡bi AvnŸvb
RvbvB‡Z‡Q|
3. GB mfv cvwK¯—vbx Dcwb‡ekev‡`i Kej nB‡Z gy³ nBqv
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k cÖwZôv, ‡kvlYnxb mgvR e¨e¯’v Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨
mgvRZvwš¿K A_©bxwZ I wb‡f©Rvj MYZš¿ cÖwZôv Kwiqv ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡k K…lK-kÖwgK ivR Kv‡q‡gi kc_ MÖnY Kwi‡Z‡Q|
4. GB mfv ¯^vaxb evsjvi RvwZi wcZv e½eÜy ‡kL gywR‡ei
‡bZ…‡Z¡ c~Y© Av¯’v ivwLqv Zvunvi mdj msMÖvg PvjvBqv hvIqvi
Rb¨ wm×vš— MÖnY Kwi‡Z‡Q|
5. GB mfv `jgZ wb‡e©‡k‡l evsjvi cÖwZwU bibvix‡K e½eÜy
‡kL gywR‡ei ‡bZ…‡Z¡ evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg PvjvBqv hvIqvi
AvnŸvb RvbvB‡Z‡Q|
Rq evsjv
Bk‡Znvi bs/ GK
(¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki ‡NvlYv I Kg©m~Px)
¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q :
MZ ‡ZBk eQ‡ii ‡kvlY, Kykvmb I wbh©vZb G'K_v ¯úófv‡e
cÖgvwYZ K‡i‡Q ‡h, mvZ ‡KvwU evOvjx‡K ‡Mvjv‡g cwiYZ Kivi
Rb¨ we‡`kx cwðgv Dcwb‡ekev`x‡`i ‡h N…Y¨ lohš¿ Zv ‡_‡K
evOvjxi gyw³i GKgvÎ c_ ¯^vaxb RvwZ wn‡m‡e ¯^vaxb ‡`‡ki
gy³ bvMwiK n‡q ‡eu‡P _vKv| MZ wbe©vP‡bi MYivq‡K evbPvj
K‡i ‡klev‡ii g‡Zv we‡`kx cwðgv ‡kvl‡Kiv ‡m K_vi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv nv‡o nv‡o cÖgvY K‡i‡Q|
54 nvRvi 5 kZ 6 eM©gvBj we¯—…Z ‡fŠMwjK GjvKvq 7 ‡KvwU
gvby‡li Rb¨ AvevwmK f~wg wn‡m‡e ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg G iv‡óÖi
bvg "evOjv‡`k"| ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg "evOjv‡`k" MV‡bi
gva¨‡g wbgœwjwLZ wZbwU j¶¨ AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
(1) ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg "evOjv‡`k" MVb K‡i c…w_exi ey‡K
GKwU ewjô evOvjx RvwZ m…wó I evOvjxi fvlv, mvwnZ¨, K…wó I
ms¯‹…wZi c~Y© weKv‡ki e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
(2) ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg "evOjv‡`k" MVb K‡i A‡j A‡j
e¨w³‡Z e¨w³‡Z ‰elg¨ wbimbK‡í mgvRZvwš¿K A_©bxwZ Pvjy
K‡i K…lK, kÖwgK ivR Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡e|
(3) ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg "evOjv‡`k" MVb K‡i e¨w³, evK I
msev`c‡Îi ¯^vaxbZvmn wb‡f©Rvj MYZš¿ Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡e|
evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ Kg©cš’v
MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e :
(K) evOjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU MÖvg, gnj¬v, _vbv, gnKygv, kni,
‡Rjvq '¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg KwgwU MVb Ki‡Z n‡e|
(L) mKj ‡kÖYxi Rbmvavi‡Yi mn‡hvwMZv Kvgbv I Zv‡`i
HK¨e× Ki‡Z n‡e|
(M) kÖwgK GjvKvq kÖwgK I MÖvgv‡j K…lK‡`i mymsMwVZ K‡i
MÖv‡g MÖv‡g, GjvKvq GjvKvq 'gyw³evwnbx' MVb Ki‡Z n‡e|
(N) wn›`y-gymjgvb I evOvjx-AevOvjx mv¤cÖ`vwqK g‡bvfve
cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges m¤cÖxwZ eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
(O) ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg‡K myk…sLjvi mv‡_ GwM‡q wb‡q hvevi Rb¨
cvi¯úwiK ‡hvMv‡hvM i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e Ges jyVZivRmn mKj
cÖKvi mgvRwe‡ivax I wnsmvZ¥K Kvh©Kjvc eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|
¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi aviv wbgœiƒc n‡e :
(A) eZ©gvb miKvi‡K we‡`kx Dcwb‡ekev`x ‡kvlK miKvi
MY¨ K‡i we‡`kx miKv‡ii ‡NvwlZ mKj AvBb‡K ‡eAvBbx
we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
(Av) Z_vKw_Z cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^v‡_iÖ Zíxevnx cwðgv AevOvjx
wgwjUvix‡K we‡`kx I nvgjvKvix kÎy ‰mb¨ wn‡m‡e MY¨ Ki‡Z
n‡e Ges G nvgjvKvix kÎy‰mb¨‡K LZg Ki‡Z n‡e|
(B) eZ©gvb we‡`kx Dcwb‡ekev`x ‡kvlK miKvi‡K mKj
cÖKvi U¨v·-LvRbv ‡`qv eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|
(C) ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i Dci AvKªgYiZ ‡h ‡Kvb
kw³‡K cÖwZ‡iva, cÖwZnZ, cvëv AvKªgY I LZg Kivi Rb¨
mKj cÖKvi mk¯¿ cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z n‡e|
(D) ‰eÁvwbK I MYgyLx `…wóf½x wb‡q mKj cÖKvi msMVb M‡o
Zyj‡Z n‡e|
(E) ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evOjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msMxZ wn‡m‡e
'Avgvi ‡mvbvi evOjv Avwg ‡Zvgvq fvjevwm......' MvbwU e¨eüZ
n‡e|
(F) ‡kvlK ivóÖ cwðg cvwK¯—vbx `Öe¨ eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges
me©vZ¥K Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zyj‡Z n‡e|
(G) Dcwb‡ekev`x cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv cywo‡q evOjv‡`‡ki
RvZxq cZvKv e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(H) ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g iZ exi ‡mbvbx‡`i me©cÖKvi mvnvh¨ I
mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb K‡i evOjvi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Svwc‡q coyb|
e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki
me©vwabvqK :
¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg evOjv‡`k MVb Av‡›`vj‡bi G ch©v‡q
wbgœwjwLZ RqaŸwb e¨eüZ n‡e--
* ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k-- `xN©Rxex nDK|
* ¯^vaxb Ki ¯^vaxb Ki-- evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki|
* ¯^vaxb evsjvi gnvb ‡bZv-- e½eÜy ‡kL gywRe|
* MÖv‡g MÖv‡g `~M© Mo-- gyw³evwnbx MVb Ki|
* exi evsMvjx A¯¿ ai-- evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Ki
* gyw³ hw` ‡c‡Z PvI-- evsMvjxiv GK nI|
evsjv I evsMvjxi Rq ‡nvK
Rq evsjv|
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k QvÎmsMÖvg cwil`||
m~Î : evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy×, `wjjcÎ, wØZxq LÛ
64
m~wPcÎ |
e½eÜz ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY
AvR `ytL-fvivKªvš— gb wb‡q Avcbv‡`i mvg‡b nvwRi n‡qwQ|
Avcbviv meB Rv‡bb Ges ey‡Sb| Avgiv Avgv‡`i Rxeb w`‡q
‡Póv K‡iwQ- AvR XvKv, PÆMÖvg, iscyi I h‡kv‡ii ivRc_
Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ iwÄZ n‡q‡Q|
AvR evsjvi gvbyl gyw³ Pvq-Zviv evuP‡Z Pvq| Zviv AwaKvi
‡c‡Z Pvq| wbe©vP‡b Avcbviv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Avgv‡K Ges
AvIqvgx jxM‡K ‡fvU w`‡q Rqhy³ K‡i‡Qb kvmbZš¿ iPbvi
Rb¨| Avkv wQj RvZxq cwil` em‡e, Avgiv kvmbZš¿ ‰Zix
Ki‡ev Ges GB kvmbZ‡š¿ gvbyl Zv‡`i A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK
I mvs¯‹…wZK gyw³ jvf Ki‡e|
wKš‘ 23 eQ‡ii BwZnvm evsjvi gvby‡li i³ w`‡q ivRc_
iwÄZ Kivi BwZnvm| 23 eQ‡ii BwZnvm evsjvi gvby‡li
gygyl©y AvZ©bv‡`i BwZnvm, i³ `v‡bi Ki“Y BwZnvm| wbh©vwZZ
gvby‡li Kvbœvi BwZnvm|
1952 mv‡j Avgiv i³ w`‡qwQ| 1954 mv‡j wbe©vP‡b Rq jvf
K‡iI ¶gZvq em‡Z cvwiwb| 1958 mv‡j ‡`‡k mvgwiK
kvmb Rvwi K‡i AvBqye Lvb `k eQi Avgv‡`i ‡Mvjvg K‡i
ivL‡jv| 1966 mv‡j 6-`dv ‡`qv n‡jv Ges Gi ci G
Aciv‡a Avgvi eû fvB‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv| 1969 mv‡j MY-
Av‡›`vj‡bi gy‡L AvBqy‡ei cZ‡bi ci Bqvwnqv Lvb G‡jb|
wZwb e‡j‡jb, wZwb RbM‡Yi nv‡Z ¶gZv wdwi‡q ‡`‡eb,
kvmbZš¿ ‡`‡eb, Avgiv ‡g‡b wbjvg|
Zvi c‡ii NUbv mK‡jB Rv‡bb| Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi ms‡M
Av‡jvPbv n‡jv-Avgiv Zv‡K 15 Bs ‡deÖyqvix RvZxq cwil‡`i
Awa‡ekb WvKvi Aby‡iva Kijvg| wKš‘ '‡gRwiwU' cvwU©i ‡bZv
nIqv m‡Ë¡I wZwb Avgvi K_v ïb‡jb bv| ïb‡jb msL¨vjNy
`‡ji fy‡Æv mv‡n‡ei K_v| Avwg ïay evsjvi ‡gRwiwU cvwU©i
‡bZv bB, mgMÖ cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡gRwiwU cvwU©i ‡bZv| fy‡Æv mv‡ne
ej‡jb, gv‡P©i cÖ_g mßv‡n Awa‡ekb WvK‡Z, wZwb gv‡P©i 3
Zvwi‡L Awa‡ekb WvK‡jb|
Avwg ejjvg, ZeyI Avgiv RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ek‡b hve
Ges msL¨vMwiô `j nIqv m‡Z¡I ‡KD hw` b¨vh¨ K_v e‡j
Avgiv Zv ‡g‡b ‡be, GgbwK wZwb hw` GKRbI nb|
Rbve fy‡Æv XvKv G‡mwQ‡jb| Zvui m‡½ Av‡jvPbv n‡jv| fy‡Æv
mv‡ne e‡j ‡M‡Qb Av‡jvPbvi `iRv eÜ bq; Av‡iv Av‡jvPbv
n‡e| gIjvbv byivbx I gydwZ gvûgy` mn cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
Ab¨vb¨ cvj©v‡g›Uvix ‡bZv G‡jb, Zv‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbv n‡jv-
D‡Ïk¨ wQ‡jv Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv K‡i kvmbZš¿ iPbv Ki‡ev|
Z‡e Zv‡`i Avwg Rvwb‡q w`‡qwQ 6-`dv cwieZ©‡bi ‡Kvb
AwaKvi Avgvi ‡bB, GUv RbM‡Yi m¤ú`|
wKš‘ fy‡Æv ûgwK w`‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, GLv‡b G‡m 'Wej
wR¤§x' n‡Z cvi‡eb bv| cwil` KmvB Lvbvq cwiYZ n‡e|
wZwb cwðg cvwK¯—vbx m`m¨‡`i cÖwZ ûgwK w`‡jb ‡h,
cwil‡`i Awa‡ek‡b ‡hvM w`‡j i³cvZ Kiv n‡e, Zv‡`i gv_v
‡f‡O ‡`qv n‡e| nZ¨v Kiv n‡e| Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡e ‡c‡kvqvi
‡_‡K KivPx ch©š—| GKwU ‡`vKvbI Lyj‡Z ‡`qv n‡e bv|
Zv m‡Z¡I cqwÎk Rb cwðg cvwK¯—vbx m`m¨ G‡jb| wKš—
cqjv gvP© Bqvwnqv Lvb cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb eÜ K‡i w`‡jb|
‡`vl ‡`qv n‡jv, evsjvi gvbyl‡K, ‡`vl ‡`qv n‡jv Avgv‡K,
ejv n‡jv Avgvi Abgbxq g‡bvfv‡ei Rb¨B wKQy nqwb|
Gici evsjvi gvbyl cÖwZev` gyLi n‡q DV‡jv| Avwg kvwš—c~Y©
msMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvevi Rb¨ niZvj WvKjvg| RbMY Avcb
B”Qvq c‡_ ‡b‡g G‡jv|
wKš‘ wK ‡cjvg Avgiv? evsjvi wbi¯¿ RbM‡Yi Dci A¯¿
e¨envi Kiv n‡jv| Avgv‡`i nv‡Z A¯¿ ‡bB| wKš‘ Avgiv
cqmv w`‡q ‡h A¯¿ wK‡b w`‡qwQ ewntkÎyi nvZ ‡_‡K ‡`k‡K
i¶v Kivi R‡b¨, AvR ‡m A¯¿ e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q Avgvi wbixn
gvbyl‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨| Avgvi `ytLx RbZvi Dci Pj‡Q
¸jx|
Avgiv evsjvi msL¨vMwiô gvbyl hLbB ‡`‡ki kvmbfvi MÖnY
Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQ, ZLbB lohš¿ P‡j‡Q-Avgv‡`i Dci Svuwc‡q
c‡o‡Q|
Bqvwnqv Lvb e‡j‡Qb, Avwg bvwK 10B gvP© Zvwi‡L ‡Mvj‡Uwej
‰eV‡K ‡hvM`vb Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQ, Zvui mv‡_ ‡Uwj‡dvb Avgvi
Avjvc n‡q‡Q| Avwg Zvu‡K e‡jwQ Avcwb ‡`‡ki ‡cÖwm‡WÈ,
XvKvq Avmyb ‡`Lyb Avgvi Mixe RbmvaviY‡K wK fv‡e nZ¨v
Kiv n‡q‡Q, Avgvi gv‡qi ‡Kvj Lvwj Kiv n‡q‡Q |
Avwg Av‡MB e‡j w`‡qwQ ‡Kvb ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eVK n‡e bv|
wK‡mi ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eVK? Kvi ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eVK? hviv Avgvi
gv ‡ev‡bi ‡Kvj k~b¨ K‡i‡Q Zv‡`i mv‡_ em‡ev Avwg
‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eV‡K ?
‡Zmiv Zvwi‡L cë‡b Avwg Amn‡hv‡Mi Avnevb Rvbvjvg|
ejjvg, Awdm-Av`vjZ, LvRbv-U¨v· eÜ Ki“b| Avcbviv
‡g‡b wb‡jb|
nVvr Avgvi m‡½ ev Avgv‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i GKR‡bi
m‡½ cvuP NÈv ‰eV‡Ki ci Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡h e³…Zv K‡i‡Qb,
Zv‡Z mg¯— ‡`vl Avgvi I evsjvi gvby‡li Dci Pvwc‡q
w`‡q‡Qb| ‡`vl Ki‡jb fy‡Æv- wKš‘ ¸jx K‡i gviv n‡jv Avgvi
evsjvi gvbyl‡K| Avgiv ¸jx LvB, ‡`vl Avgv‡`i- Avgiv
ey‡jU LvB, ‡`vl Avgv‡`i|
Bqvwnqv mv‡ne Awa‡ekb ‡W‡K‡Qb| wKš— Avgvi `vex mvgwiK
AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z n‡e, ‡mbvevwnbx‡K e¨viv‡K wdwi‡q
wb‡Z n‡e, nZ¨vi Z`š— Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvici we‡ePbv K‡i
‡`L‡ev cwil‡` em‡ev wK em‡bv bv| G `vex gvbvi Av‡M
cwil‡` emvi ‡Kvb cÖkœB I‡V bv, RbMY Avgv‡K ‡m AwaKvi
‡`qwb| i‡³i `vM GL‡bv ïKvqwb, knx`‡`i i³ gvwo‡q 25
Zvwi‡L cwil‡` ‡hvM w`‡Z hve bv|
fvB‡qiv, Avgvi Dci wek¦vm Av‡Q? Avwg cÖavbgwš¿Z¡ PvB bv,
gvby‡li AwaKvi PvB| cÖavbgwš¿‡Z¡i ‡jvf ‡`wL‡q Avgv‡K
wb‡Z cv‡iwb, dvumxi Kv‡ô Sywj‡q wb‡Z cv‡iwb| Avcbviv i³
w`‡q Avgv‡K lohš¿ gvgjv ‡_‡K gy³ K‡i G‡bwQ‡jb| ‡mw`b
GB ‡im‡Kv‡m© Avwg e‡jwQjvg, i‡³i FY Avwg i³ w`‡q
‡kva Ki‡ev; g‡b Av‡Q? Av‡Rv Avwg i³ w`‡qB i‡³i FY
‡kva Ki‡Z cÖ¯—yZ|
Avwg e‡j w`‡Z PvB, AvR ‡_‡K ‡KvU©-KvPvix, nvB‡KvU©, mycÖxg
‡KvU©, Awdm, Av`vjZ, wk¶v cÖwZôvbmg~n Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨
eÜ _vK‡e| ‡Kvb Kg©Pvix Awdm hv‡eb bv| G Avgvi wb‡`©k|
Mwi‡ei hv‡Z Kó bv nq Zvi Rb¨ wi·v Pj‡e, †Uªb Pj‡e Avi
me Pj‡e|
‡UÖb Pj‡e- Z‡e ‡mbvevwnbx Avbv-‡bqv Kiv hv‡e bv| Ki‡j
hw` ‡Kvb `yN©Ubv N‡U Zvi Rb¨ Avwg `vqx _vK‡ev bv|
‡m‡KªUvwi‡qU, mywcÖg ‡KvU©, nvB‡KvU©-RR‡KvU© mn miKvix,
65
m~wPcÎ |

Avav-miKvix Ges ¯^vqËkvwmZ ms¯’v¸‡jv eÜ _vK‡e| ïay c~e© evsjvi

Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi e¨v¼¸‡jv `y-N›Uvi Rb¨ ‡Lvjv _vK‡e| c~e© evsjv ‡_‡K
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b UvKv ‡h‡Z cvi‡e bv| ‡UwjMÖvd, ‡Uwj‡dvb evsjv‡`‡ki
g‡a¨ Pvjy _vK‡e| Z‡e, mvsevw`Kiv ewnwe©‡k¦ msev` cvVv‡Z cvi‡eb|
G‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K LZg Kiv n‡”Q, ey‡S ï‡b Pj‡eb| `iKvi n‡j mg¯—
PvKv eÜ K‡i ‡`qv n‡e|
Avcbviv wba©vwiZ mg‡q ‡eZb wb‡q Avm‡eb| hw` GKwUI ¸wj P‡j Zvn‡j
evsjvi N‡i N‡i `~M© M‡o Zyj‡eb| hvi hv Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q kÎyi ‡gvKv‡ejv
Ki‡Z n‡e| iv¯—vNvU eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Avgiv Zv‡`i fv‡Z gvi‡ev-
cvwb‡Z gvi‡ev| ûKyg w`evi Rb¨ Avwg hw` bv _vwK, Avgvi mnKg©xiv hw`
bv _v‡Kb, Avcbviv Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hv‡eb|
‡Zvgiv Avgvi fvB, ‡Zvgiv e¨viv‡K _v‡Kv, ‡KD wKQy ej‡e bv| ¸wj
Pvjv‡j Avi fvj n‡e bv| mvZ ‡KvwU gvbyl‡K Avi `vev‡q ivL‡Z cviev
bv| ev½vjx gi‡Z wk‡L‡Q, Zv‡`i ‡KD `vev‡Z cvi‡e bv|
knx`‡`i I AvnZ‡`i cwiev‡ii Rb¨ AvIqvgx jxM mvnv‡h¨ KwgwU
K‡i‡Q| Avgiv mvnv‡h¨i ‡Póv Ki‡ev| Avcbviv ‡h hv cv‡ib w`‡q hv‡eb|
mvZ w`‡bi niZv‡j ‡hme kÖwgK AskMÖnY K‡i‡Qb, KviwdDi Rb¨ KvR
e½eÜyi mv¶vrKvi : RvZxq cZvKv I m½xZ
Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb- wkí gvwjKiv Zv‡`i cy‡iv ‡eZb w`‡q ‡`‡eb| Zxi›`vR
miKvix Kg©Pvix‡`i ewj, Avwg hv ewj Zv gvb‡Z n‡e| KvD‡K ‡hb Awd‡m
‡`Lv bv hvq| G ‡`‡ki gyw³ bv nIqv ch©š— LvRbv-U¨v· eÜ _vK‡e| wfGbBWvwe¬D wUwf, wbDBq‡K© 1972 mv‡ji 18 gywRe: c…w_exi ‡Kvb RvqMv‡ZB Ggb wKQy
Avcbviv Avgvi Dci ‡Q‡o ‡`b, Av‡›`vjb wKfv‡e Ki‡Z nq Avwg Rvwb| Rvbyqvwi fvl¨Kvi I mvsevw`K ‡WwfW di÷vi nqwb| Avgiv ‡`‡ki gvbwPÎ cZvKvq ivL‡Z
wKš‘ ûuwkqvi, GKUv K_v g‡b ivL‡eb, Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ kÎy Xy‡K‡Q, QÙ‡e‡k e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi GKwU mv¶vrKvi PvB bv| Avgv‡`i wm×vš— ‡`‡ki RbMYI ‡g‡b
Zviv AvZ¥Kn‡ji m…wó Ki‡Z Pvq| ev½vjx-Aev½vjx, wn›`y-gymjgvb mevB ‡bb| RvZxq cZvKv I m½x‡Zi ‡h AskwU Gi wb‡q‡Qb| gvbwPÎwU ev` w`‡Z PvB cZvKvq,
Avgv‡`i fvB, Zv‡`i i¶v Kivi `vwqZ¡ Avgv‡`i| ‡fZ‡i wQj, Zv Abyev` Kiv nj| D`xqgvb m~h© cZvKvq Av‡Mi g‡ZvB _vK‡e|
‡iwWI, ‡Uwjwfkb I msev`cÎ hw` Avgv‡`i Av‡›`vj‡bi Lei cÖPvi bv
K‡i Z‡e ‡Kvb ev½vjx ‡iwWI Ges ‡Uwjwfk‡b hv‡eb bv| di÷vi: Avcwb GKwU ‡`‡ki R‡b¥i cÖ_g
di÷vi: RvZxq m½xZ Kvi iPbv Kiv ?
kvwš—c~Y©fv‡e dqmvjv Ki‡Z cvi‡j fvB fvB wnmv‡e evm Kivi m¤¢vebv mßv‡nB KZ¸‡jv Ri“wi KvR m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
Av‡Q, Zv bv n‡j ‡bB| evovevwo Ki‡eb bv, gyL ‡`Lv‡`wLI eÜ n‡q ‡h‡Z ‡c‡i‡Qb| RvZxq cZvKv I m½xZ wb‡qI GKwU gywRe: GUv iex›`Öbv_ VvKy‡ii iwPZ cy‡iv‡bv
cv‡i| wm×v‡š— ‡cuŠQv‡Z ‡c‡i‡Qb| GKwU Mvb|
cÖ¯—yZ _vK‡eb, VvÛv n‡j Pj‡e bv| Av‡›`vjb I we‡¶vf Pvwj‡q hv‡eb| gywRe: nu¨v| cZvKvwU A‡bK Av‡M ‡_‡KB
Av‡›`vjb wSwg‡q co‡j Zviv Avgv‡`i Dci Svuwc‡q co‡e| k…sLjv eRvq di÷vi: G MvbwU wK evsjv‡`‡k A‡bK eQi
e¨venvi Kiv n‡Zv| Z‡e ‡QvÆ GKwU cwieZ©b
ivLyb| k…sLjv Qvov ‡Kvb RvwZ msMÖv‡g Rqjvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| a‡i MvIqv n‡Zv ?
Avb‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avi Avgv‡`i RvZxq m½xZ
Avgvi Aby‡iva cÖ‡Z¨K MÖv‡g, gnj¬vq, BDwbq‡b, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wn‡m‡e ‡h MvbwU wb‡qwQ, Zv A‡bK Av‡M gywRe: nu¨v, A‡bK eQi a‡i| Avgvi MZ mvZB
msMÖvg KwgwU M‡o Zyjyb| nv‡Z hv Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q cÖ¯—yZ _vKyb| i³ hLb ‡_‡KB Avgv‡`i RvZxq m½xZ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ gv‡P©i mfvq GK wgwjqb RbZv 'Rq evsjv'
w`‡qwQ, i³ AviI ‡`‡ev| G‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K gy³ K‡i Qvo‡ev Bbkvj¬vn| n‡Zv| GLb Zvi GKwU Awdwmqvj ¯^xK…wZ ‡k¬vMv‡b DËvj| GiB g‡S Zi“Yiv hLb GB
Gev‡ii msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg, ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg| `iKvi| cZvKvq evsjv‡`‡ki g¨vc wQj| Avi MvbwU MvBj, `k jvL gvbyl D‡V `uvwo‡q m¤§vb
Rq evsjv| ‡Kvb ‡`‡ki cZvKv‡Z Ggb ‡Kvb g¨vc ‡bB| Rvbv‡jv MvbwU‡K| ZLbB GB MvbwU‡K
di÷vi: ‡Kb ? Avgv‡`i RvZxq m½xZ wn‡m‡e fvev n‡q‡Q|
e¬Mvi ngc‡MÖi †cv÷ †_‡K msM„nxZ

66
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö Ges evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv
gvïKyi ingvb I gvneyeyi ingvb Rvjvj
1971 mv‡ji 26 gv‡P©i ïi“‡ZB cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx XvKv
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi wbqš¿Y wb‡q ‡bq| cvwK¯—vwbiv ‡iwWI
‡÷kbwUi bZyb bvg ‡`q Ô‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKvÕ| G ‡K›`Ö
‡_‡KB Zviv mvgwiK AvBb Rvwii ‡NvlYv ‡`q| evOvwj‡`i
KÚ ‡iva Ki‡Z BwZg‡a¨B cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi ZrciZv
ïi“ n‡q wM‡qwQj| Z‡e evOvwjiv wVKB cÖwZ‡iva M‡owQj
Ges jovB‡q wd‡i G‡mwQj| ïi“ n‡q wM‡qwQj evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi hy×|
evOvwj‡`i Ici cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi i³¶qx ZxeÖ AvKªgY
AeÁv K‡i IB w`bB mܨvq GKwU ‡QvU ‡iwWI ‡÷kb
m¤cÖPvi ïi“ K‡iwQj| PÆMÖv‡gi Dˇi KvjyiNvU bvgK ¯’vb
‡_‡K ‡Mvcb IB ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv
K‡i: Ô‡kL c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU bvMwiK‡K
mve©‡fŠg ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv
w`‡q‡Qb|Õ ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡Ri bvgKiY K‡i ¯^vaxb
evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö|
cieZ©x Pvi w`b cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi m‡½ ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwUi
cÖPviYv hy× P‡j| hLb cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i
evsjv‡`‡k me wKQyB kvš—, ZLb ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU
‡NvlYv K‡i, gyw³ evwnbxiv ivRavbxi w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Q
Ges cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbviv AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Q| cvwK¯—vwb
‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i, Zviv evOvwj‡`i B”Qv‡K ¸uwo‡q
w`‡q‡Q| Avi ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU ‡NvlYv K‡i, cvwK¯—vwb
mvgwiK evwnbxi Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb ¸ßnZ¨vi wkKvi
n‡q‡Qb| cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i, evOvwjiv civwRZ
n‡q‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI `vwe K‡i, evsjv‡`‡ki
GKwU cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
MYnZ¨vi ïi“i w`b¸‡jv‡Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö we‡k¦i
Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv ‡`q, evOvwjiv Qvo ‡`‡e bv, evOvwjiv hy×
Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i AvZ¥Z¨vM e…_v hv‡e bv| wek¦ ‡Mvcb IB
‡iwWIi ‡NvlYv ï‡bwQj| gv‡P©i msKUgq IB cvuP w`b
KvjyiNv‡Ui ‡QvU ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU KL‡bv bxie nqwb| ‡iwWI
‡÷kbwU evOvwj‡`i g‡bvej‡K cybi“×vi K‡iwQj Ges
cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx‡K nZvkvq Wywe‡qwQj|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi bvix I cyi“‡liv Ges B÷‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui m`m¨iv ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU‡K AvKªg‡Yi nvZ ‡_‡K
i¶v K‡iwQj| cvkvcvwk we‡k¦i Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv K‡iwQj,
msMwVZ evOvwj cÖwZ‡iva bZyb D`¨‡g jovB‡q wd‡i
G‡m‡Q| cvwK¯—vwb U¨vsK I hy×wegvb evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ
‡KvwU gvby‡li KÚ‡K `vwe‡q ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv, welqwU Zviv
wbwðZ K‡iwQj|
cwiewZ©Z HwZnvwmK `wjj
1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© Kxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv
Kiv n‡qwQj, Zvi BwZnvm mwVKfv‡e cÖwZdj‡bi j‡¶¨
m¤cÖwZ miKvi ‡`‡ki cvV¨cy¯—‡K BwZnvm ms‡kva‡bi
D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q| MZ wZb `kK a‡i AvIqvgx jxM I
evsjv‡`k RvZxqZvev`x `‡ji iwk UvbvUvwbi g‡a¨
evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm GKvwaKevi bZyb K‡i ‡jLv n‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvq ‡kL gywReyi ingvb I
wRqvDi ingv‡bi fywgKvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z wM‡q we`¨vj‡qi
cvV¨cy¯—Kmg~n GKvwaKevi cybwj©wLZ n‡q‡Q|
BwZnvm eB ms‡kva‡bi ‡¶‡Î eZ©gvb miKvi wbfiÖ K‡i‡Q
¯^vaxbZvhy‡×i e¨vcv‡i miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK BwZnv‡mi Ici,
hv evsjv‡`k miKvi KZ©…K 1982 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|
AvbyôvwbK BwZnvm ‡_‡K wb‡Pi KvjKªgwU cvIqv hvq:
* 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© ga¨iv‡Zi ci ‡_‡K 26 gvP© ‡fv‡ii
‡Kv‡bv GK mg‡qi g‡a¨ ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi
GKwU ‡NvlYvcÎ wj‡LwQ‡jb|
* 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡kL
gywReyi ingv‡bi ‡NvlYvcÎwU m¤cÖPvi Kiv nq| Z‡e Lye
Kg gvbylB m¤cÖPvwiZ ‡NvlYvwU ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj|
* B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ZrKvjxb ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb
1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP© KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi
c‡¶ GKwU ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib| IB ‡NvlYv we‡`wk
msev`gva¨g¸‡jv ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj Ges wek¦ evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi e¨vcv‡i Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
Dc‡iv³ KvjKªg Abyhvqx, 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
‡NvlYv cv‡Vi AvM ch©š— ewnwe©k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi K_v
ïb‡Z cvqwb|
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi GB weeiYwU e¨vcKfv‡e M…nxZ n‡q‡Q
Ges cÖ_vMZ weP¶YZvq cÖwZdjb NwU‡q‡Q| GUv MZ wZb
`kK a‡i ‰Zwi n‡q‡Q| D`vniY wn‡m‡e, RbwcÖq B›Uvi‡bU
wek¦‡Kvl DBwKwcwWqvq KvjyiNvU ‡iwWI UÖvÝwgUvi-welqK
wbe‡Ü ejv n‡q‡Q: Ô1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© Gg G nvbœvb
¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g ‡NvlYvi GKwU Bs‡iwR Abyev` cvV
K‡iwQ‡jb......aviYv Kiv nq, ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g ‡NvlYv wek¦
MYgva¨g I Avš—R©vwZK m¤cÖ`v‡qi Kv‡Q e¨vcKfv‡e
‡cŠuQvqwb|Õ
‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi ïi“i K_v¸‡jv wQj evsjvq ÔAvwg
‡gRi wRqv ejwQÕ| Gici wZwb mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki
‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib, hv evZ©v ms¯’v¸‡jv ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj Ges
Zviv Zv mviv we‡k¦ e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPvi K‡i|
wRqvDi ingv‡bi ‡NvlYv cÖ_g ïb‡Z cvq PÆMÖvg e›`‡i
‡bvOi Kiv GKwU Rvcvwb RvnvR| Zviv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Zv
mviv we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cÖPvi K‡i| wRqvi ‡NvlYvi msev` cÖ_g
m¤cÖPvi K‡i ‡iwWI A‡÷Öwjqv Ges wek¦ evsjv‡`‡ki
Afy¨`‡qi K_v we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
Z‡e ev¯—eZv Avi cÖvgvwYK `wjjc‡Î m¤ú~Y© wfbœ wPÎ dy‡U
I‡V|
67
m~wPcÎ |
gvP© 26, 1971: KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡NvlYv
1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© mܨvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv
wb‡q mviv we‡k¦i Bs‡iwR fvlvi kxl©¯’vbxq ‰`wbK¸‡jv‡Z
Lei cÖKvwkZ nq| Gme ‰`wb‡Ki Ici GKwU Rwic Pvjv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| G‡Z ‡`Lv hvq, 26 gvP© mKv‡j KjKvZvq ‡cŠuQv
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖK…Z evZ©v ‡_‡K Ges 26 gvP© mܨvq
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi m¤cÖPvi ‡_‡K mviv wek¦
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi K_v Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
1971 mv‡ji gv‡P© wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g Kxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj, Zv cix¶v-
wbix¶vi Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ Bs‡iwR ‰`wbK¸‡jv‡Z Rwic
Pvjv‡bv n‡qwQj: fvi‡Zi `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb Ges `¨ UvBgm Ae
BwÛqv; Av‡R©w›Ubvi ey‡qÝ Gqvm© ‡nivì; A‡÷Öwjqvi `¨ GR
Ges `¨ wmWwb gwb©s ‡nivì; wgqvbgv‡ii `¨ MvwW©qvb;
KvbvWvi `¨ ‡M¬ve A¨vÛ ‡gBj; nsKs‡qi `¨ nsKs ÷¨vÛvW©;
B‡›`v‡bwkqvi `¨ RvKvZ©v UvBgm; Rvcv‡bi Avmvwn Bwfwbs
wbDR; ‡bcv‡ji `¨ ivBwRs ‡bcvj; wdwjcvB‡bi g¨vwbjv
UvBgm; wm½vcy‡ii `¨ ‡÷ÖBUm UvBgm; `w¶Y AvwdÖKvi `¨
wcÖ‡Uvwiqv wbDR; _vBj¨v‡Ûi `¨ e¨vsKK ‡cv÷; hy³iv‡R¨i
`¨ ‡WBwj ‡UwjMÖvd, `¨ MvwW©qvb, `¨ UvBgm Ae jÛb;
hy³iv‡óÖi evwë‡gvi mvb, `¨ ‡ev÷b ‡M¬ve, wkKv‡Mv UvBgm,
wKªw÷qvb mv‡qÝ gwbUi, jm A¨v‡Ä‡jm UvBgm, `¨ wbDBqK©
UvBgm, `¨ wdjv‡Wjwdqv BbKywiqvi, mvbdÖvwÝm‡Kv
‡Kªvwb‡Kj Ges `¨ IqvwksUb ‡cv÷|
1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨
‡÷Umg¨v‡b 26 gvP© cvIqv `ywU evZ©vi e¨vL¨v ‡`Iqv nq:
cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx Av‡›`vjb‡K Pvcv w`‡Z AMÖmi nIqvi ci
ïKªevi ‡kL gywReyi ingvb `ywU evZ©v m¤cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb|
BDGbAvB G K_v Rvbvq|
GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷kb ‡_‡K we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK
evZ©vq AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv (‡kL gywRe) ‡NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb ‡h
ÔkÎyÕ AvNvZ ‡n‡b‡Q Ges RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv jovB Ki‡Q|
evZ©vwU KjKvZv ‡_‡K ‡kvbv n‡q‡Q|
‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡R‡K Ô¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ wn‡m‡e
eY©bv K‡i‡Q| wkjs ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡÷kbwUi cieZ©x m¤cÖPv‡i
wZwb evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU ¯^vaxb cÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
27 gvP© KjKvZv ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb-G Av‡Mi
w`‡bi `ywU evZ©v Zy‡j aiv nq Gfv‡e:
GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷k‡bi gva¨‡g AvR mKv‡j we‡k¦i
Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK evZ©vq Rbve ingvb (‡kL gywRe) ‡NvlYv
w`‡q‡Qb ‡h kÎy AvNvZ ‡n‡b‡Q Ges RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv
jovB Ki‡Q| evZ©vwU KjKvZv ‡_‡K ‡kvbv n‡q‡Q|
‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡R‡K Ô¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ wn‡m‡e
eY©bv K‡i‡Q| wkjs ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡÷kbwUi cieZ©x m¤cÖPv‡i
wZwb evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU ¯^vaxb cÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
27 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv mKv‡ji
cÖ_g m¤cÖPvi ‡_‡K cvIqv evZ©vi welqe¯‘ cÖKvk K‡i:
AvR we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK evZ©vq ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
e‡j‡Qb, evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY wb‡R‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ ex‡ii
g‡Zv jovB Ki‡Q|
GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷k‡bi gva¨‡g
m¤cÖPvwiZ IB evZ©v gy¤^vB ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡M‡Q|
aviYv Kiv n‡”Q, ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi PÆMÖvg
A_ev Pvjbvq Aew¯’Z|
evZ©vq Rbve ingvb e‡jb: ÔAvR ivZ 12Uvi w`‡K cvwK¯—vwb
mk¯¿ evwnbx nVvr K‡i wcjLvbv I ivRviev‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vb
ivB‡djm NvuwU‡Z nvgjv Pvjvq| nvgjvq AmsL¨ (wbi¯¿)
gvbyl wbnZ nq|
ÔXvKvq BwcAvi I cywjk evwnbxi m‡½ KwVb jovB Pj‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ RbMY AKy‡Zvf‡q kÎyi m‡½
jovB Ki‡Q|
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki me©¯—‡ii gvbyl Aek¨B ‡h‡Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ ‡`‡ki
cÖwZwU ‡Kv‡Y kÎy evwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡e|
ÔAvj¬vn Avcbv‡`i mnvq ‡nvb Ges kÎyi KvQ ‡_‡K
¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ jovB‡q wZwb Avcbv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| Rq
evsjv|Õ
27 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vbI cÖ_g evZ©vi
welqe¯—y cÖKvk K‡i:
Rbve ingvb (‡kL gywRe) e‡j‡Qb, Ô26 gvP© ivZ 12Uvi
w`‡K cvwK¯—vwb mk¯¿ evwnbx nVvr K‡i wcjLvbvq I
ivRviev‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm NvuwU‡Z nvgjv Pvjvq|
G‡Z AmsL¨ wbi¯¿ gvbyl wbnZ nq| XvKvq c~e© cvwK¯—vb
ivB‡dj‡mi m‡½ mk¯¿ msMÖvg Pj‡Q|
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv kÎyi m‡½
jovB Ki‡Q| ‡h‡Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ ‡`‡ki cÖwZwU ‡Kvbvq kÎy
evwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki me©¯—‡ii gvby‡li cÖwZ
AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avj¬vn Avcbv‡`i mnvq ‡nvb Ges
kÎyi KvQ ‡_‡K ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ jovB‡q wZwb Avcbv‡`i
mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| Rq evsjv|Õ
26 gvP© mܨvq KvjyiNv‡U ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö cÖ_g
Rxeš— n‡q I‡V Ges ‡ek wKQy evZ©v m¤cÖPvi K‡i|
m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©v¸‡jvi meB aviY Kiv nq Ges G wb‡q
cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvwkZ nq| me‡P‡q Zvrch©c~Y© n‡jv, IB w`b
mܨvq KvjyiNv‡Ui GKwU wi‡cvU© fvi‡Z aviY Kiv nq|
68
m~wPcÎ |
G‡Z ejv nq, Ô‡kL c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU
bvMwiK‡K mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e
‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
GB ‡NvlYv Ges Gi Av‡Mi evZ©v 26 gvP© mܨvq mviv we‡k¦
cÖPvi Kiv nq| Gfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv we‡k¦i
cÖvq me msev`c‡ÎB cÖ_g cvZvq Qvcv nq| we‡k¦i A‡bK
kxl© msev`cÎ c‡ii w`b A_©vr 27 gvP© G Lei cÖKvk K‡i|
D`vniY wn‡m‡e jm A¨v‡Ä‡jm UvBgm 27 gvP© G e¨vcv‡i
cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡i| G‡Z ejv nq:
‡kL gywReyi ingvb ïKªevi c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ ¯^vaxbZvi
‡NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| Bmjvgx RvwZwUi (cvwK¯—vb) `yB As‡ki
g‡a¨ `xN© w`b a‡i Pj‡Z _vKv Am‡š—vl M…nhy‡× iƒc ‡bIqvq
wZwb G ‡NvlYv ‡`b|
Ô`¨ f‡qm Ae BbwW‡cb‡W›U evsjv ‡`kÕ bv‡g GKwU ‡Mvcb
‡iwWI ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ejv n‡q‡Q, Ô‡kL gywRe c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU bvMwiK‡K mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|Õ
`vwjwjK cÖgvY wbwðZ K‡i, 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© KvjyiNv‡U
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡kvbv wM‡qwQj Ges c‡ii w`b mKv‡j G
wb‡q wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|
1972 mv‡ji 23 GwcÖj evsjv‡`k AeRvifvi-G cÖKvwkZ
GKwU wbeÜ Abyhvqx, 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© mܨvq ¯^vaxb
evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi
‡NvlYv cÖ_g Bs‡iwR‡Z cvV K‡ib Iqvc`vi cÖ‡KŠkjx
AvwkKyj Bmjvg| Avi cÖ_g evsjvq cvV K‡ib Aveyk Kv‡kg
m›Øxc| mܨvq Gg G nvbœvbI GKwU e³…Zvq ‡NvlYvwU cvV
K‡ib|
gvP© 27, 1971: ‡gRi wRqvi ‡NvlYv
26 gvP© ‡_‡K 30 gvP© ch©š— ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K Ae¨vnZfv‡e m¤cÖPvi Pvwj‡q hvq| 30 gvP©
cvwK¯—vwb wegvb nvgjv K‡i ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖwU ¸uwo‡q ‡`q|
28 gvP© fviZxq msev`cθ‡jv Lei cÖKvk K‡i, ÔwRqv LvbÕ
bv‡g GK ‡gRi 27 gvP© GKwU ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib| ‡NvlK
wRqv Lvb‡K Ôevsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖavbÕ wn‡m‡e cwiPq
Kwi‡q ‡`b|
28 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb Rvbvq:
Av‡iKwU ‡NvlYvq ‡iwWIwU `vwe K‡i‡Q, evsjv‡`‡ki ci
cvwK¯—v‡bi DËi-cwðg mxgvš— cÖ‡`k ‡ejywP¯—v‡bi
¯^vaxbZvKvgx RbMY Ges cvLZywb¯—vb ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv
w`‡q‡Q|
‡iwWI‡Z K_v ejv IB e¨w³wU n‡jb Ôevsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi
cÖavb ‡gRi wRqvÕ|
28 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv Rvbvq:
evsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖavb ‡gRi wRqv Lvb AvR iv‡Z
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡iwWI‡Z ‡NvlYv ‡`b, `y-wZb w`‡bi g‡a¨B
cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK cÖkvmb ‡_‡K evsjv‡`k gy³ n‡e|
wZwb e‡jb, AvZ¥mgc©Y bv Ki‡j cwðg cvÄvwe ‰mwb‡Kiv
Ôwbwðý n‡eÕ|
IB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb‡K ÔwRqv LvbÕ wn‡m‡e
D‡j¬L Kiv nq| cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡gRi wRqv KZ©…K 27 gvP©
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`Iqvi ‡Kv‡bv D‡j¬L Kiv nqwb|
28 gvP© fviZxq cÎcwÎKvi G `ywU cÖwZ‡e`b wek¦
msev`gva¨g cÖPvi K‡iwb| fviZxq cÎcwÎKv QvovI 28 gvP©
cÖKvwkZ mviv we‡k¦i cÖavb Bs‡iwR msev`cθ‡jvi Ici
cwiPvwjZ Rwi‡cI 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvi m¤cÖPv‡ii e¨vcv‡i
‡Kv‡bv cÖwZ‡e`b cvIqv hvqwb|
gvP© 28, 1971: ‡gRi wRqv Ges evsjv‡`‡ki
ÔcÖv‡`wkK miKviÕ
28 gvP© ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K ‡NvlYv ‡`Iqv nq
evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
‡gRi wRqv‡K cÖv‡`wkK miKv‡ii A¯’vqx cÖavb ‡NvlYv Kiv
n‡q‡Q| KvjyiNvU ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡NvlYv K‡i, cÖv‡`wkK
miKv‡ii w`Kwb‡`©kbv ‡`‡eb e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb|
‡NvlYvwU fvi‡Z ‡kvbv hvq Ges GeviI fviZ ‡gRi wRqvDi
ingvb‡K ïay ‡gRi wRqv Lvb wn‡m‡e D‡j¬L K‡i|
wb‡R‡K cÖv‡`wkK cÖavb wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv
‡`Iqv ‡gRi wRqvi GKwU e³…Zv 29 gvP©
bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq
cÖKvwkZ nq| G‡Z ejv nq:
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii GK m¤cÖPv‡i Ôgyw³ ‡mbvÕi KgvÛvi
Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwg GZ`&Øviv ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³ evwnbxi cÖv‡`wkK cÖav‡bi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY
KiwQ|
cÖv‡`wkK cÖavb wn‡m‡e Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
Pyovš— weRq bv nIqv ch©š— msMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Av‡`k
w`w”Q| Rq evsjv|Õ
wZwb e‡jb, ÔkÎyiv AvKvk I mgy`Öc‡_ AwZwi³ ‰mb¨ wb‡q
G‡m‡Q|Õ evsjv‡`‡ki hy×iZ MYZš¿gbv RbM‡Yi mvnv‡h¨
GwM‡q Avm‡Z wZwb we‡k¦i me kvwš—Kvgx RbM‡Yi cÖwZ
Av‡e`b Rvbvb|
‡gRi wRqv `vwe K‡ib, Ôgyw³ ‡mbvivÕ Kywgj¬vq cvÄve
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 300 Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| hy‡×i ‡k‡l
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Ab¨iv cvwj‡q ‡M‡Q|
‡gRi wRqv Lvb‡K A¯’vqx cÖavb K‡i cÖv‡`wkK miKvi
MV‡bi Lei 29 gvP© wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcK cÖPvi cvq|
D`vniY wn‡m‡e, 29 gvP© A‡÷Öwjqvi `¨ GR Rvbvq:
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi mg_©‡Kiv ‡gRi
wRqv Lv‡bi A¯’vqx ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Aax‡b AvR GKwU cÖv‡`wkK
miKvi MVb K‡i‡Q|
GKwU we‡`Övnx ‡iwWI bZyb miKvi MV‡bi ‡NvlYv ‡`q|
‡iwWIwU ‡gRi wRqv‡K ‡kL gywR‡ei AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gyw³
‡mbvi cÖavb wn‡m‡e cwiPq ‡`q| Z‡e ‡kL gywRe‡K ‡Kb
miKv‡ii cÖavb wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM ‡`Iqv nqwb, ‡m e¨vcv‡i
‡iwWIwU ‡Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v ‡`qwb|
29 gvP©I wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g ‡Kv_vI ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi K_v ejv nqwb|
gvP© 30, 1971: `wjjcÎ Ges msev` cÖwZ‡e`b
1982 mv‡j 15 L‡Û cÖKvwkZ gyw³hy×-welqK evsjv‡`k
miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK `wjj‡K ejv nq evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvhy×: `wjjcÎ| cvV¨cy¯—K ms‡kva‡b eZ©gvb miKvi
GwU e¨envi Ki‡Q| Gi Z…Zxq L‡Û ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
69
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi welqe¯—y mwbœ‡ewkZ Av‡Q| ‡mUv G iKg:
evsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv
GZ`&Øviv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶ ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv
KiwQ|
Avwg AviI ‡NvlYv KiwQ, Avgiv BwZg‡a¨B ‡kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi MVb K‡iwQ, hv
AvBb I msweavb Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cÖwZkÖywZe×| bZyb
MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš—R©vwZK m¤ú‡KiÖ ‡¶‡Î bb-
A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi
m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨
cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e| evsjv‡`‡k ee©i MYnZ¨vi wei“‡×
RbgZ m…wói Rb¨ Avwg me miKv‡ii cÖwZ Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q|
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GB miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki
mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges we‡k¦i me MYZvwš¿K RvwZi KvQ
‡_‡K G miKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|Õ
`wjjcÎ Abyhvqx wRqvDi ingvb GB e³…Zv w`‡qwQ‡jb
1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP©| `wjjc‡Î Gi m~Î wn‡m‡e D‡j¬L
Kiv n‡q‡Q GKB w`b bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb
cwÎKvi| Z‡e ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq 27 gvP© msL¨vq GB
e³…Zv aviY Kiv ‡bB|
`wjjc‡Î D‡j¬wLZ ‡gRi wRqvi e³…Zvi cÖ_g wi‡cvU©
fviZxq cÎcwÎKvq cvIqv hvq 1971 mv‡ji 31 gvP©|
fviZxq cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx IB e³…Zv ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi
‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K 30 gvP© mKv‡j m¤cÖPvwiZ n‡qwQj|
31 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvi 9 b¤^i
c…ôvq GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b Av‡Q G iKg:
KjKvZv, gvP© 30: ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b MwVZ
miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges we‡k¦i me
MYZvwš¿K ‡`‡ki KvQ ‡_‡K Gi ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi AwaKvi
Av‡Q| gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv
Lvb AvR mKv‡j G ‡NvlYv ‡`b| BDGbAvB G K_v
Rvwb‡q‡Q|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ‡k‡Li
c‡¶ ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, ÔbZyb MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš—
R©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i ‡¶‡Î bb-A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ
A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx
n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨ cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e|
ÔAvgiv BwZg‡a¨B ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU
mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi MVb K‡iwQ, hv AvBb I msweavb
Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cÖwZÁve×|
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ‰ea MYZvwš¿K miKvi‡K `ª“Z ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z
Avgiv we‡k¦i me MYZvwš¿K I kvwš—Kvgx ‡`‡ki Kv‡Q
Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q|Õ evsjv‡`‡k Ôee©i MYnZ¨vÕi wei“‡× wbR
wbR ‡`‡k RbgZ m…wói Rb¨ wZwb me miKv‡ii cÖwZ
Av‡e`b Rvbvb|
Ô‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, cvwK¯—vb miKvi ci¯úiwe‡ivax
wee…wZi gva¨‡g we‡k¦i RbMY‡K weåvš— I ‡avuKv ‡`Iqvi
‡Póv Ki‡Q|
ÔZ‡e Bqvwnqv Lvb I Zvui mn‡hvMx‡`i Øviv ‡KD weåvš— n‡e
bv|
31 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv 15 b¤^i
c…ôvi GKwU Le‡i ejv n‡q‡Q:
KjKvZv, gvP© 30: ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b MwVZ
miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges Ôwe‡k¦i me
MYZvwš¿K ‡`‡ki KvQ ‡_‡K Gi ¯^xK…wZÕ cvIqvi AwaKvi
Av‡Q| gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv
Lvb AvR mKv‡j G ‡NvlYv ‡`b|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ‡k‡Li
c‡¶ ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, ÔbZyb MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš—
R©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i ‡¶‡Î bb-A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ
A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx
n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨ cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e|
‡gRi wRqv m¤cÖPvi ïi“ K‡ib G K_v¸‡jv w`‡q: Avwg,
‡gRi wRqv, evsjv gyw³evwnbxi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd
GZÏ&eviv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
‡NvlYv KiwQ|
ÔAvwg AviI ‡NvlYv KiwQ,Õ wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvgiv BwZg‡a¨B
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi
MVb K‡iwQ| hv AvBb I msweavb Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z
cÖwZÁve×|
30 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvi ‡`Iqv e³…Zvi e¨vcv‡i
fviZxq msev`gva¨‡g Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj 31 gvP©, hv wek¦
msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPvi cvqwb| Rwic Abyhvqx 30
gvP© mKv‡j ‡gRi wRqvi ‡`Iqv ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv fvi‡Zi
evB‡i we‡k¦i Bs‡iwR fvlvi ‡Kv‡bv cwÎKv‡ZB cÖKvwkZ
nqwb|
Dcmsnvi
30 gvP© we‡K‡j KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi
m¤cÖPvi eÜ nIqvi ci ‡gRi wRqv eÖv²Yevwoqv hvb Ges 3
GwcÖj wZwb ‡gRi Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid I ‡gRi mwdDj¬vni
m‡½ mv¶vr K‡ib| Gici wZwb gyw³ evwnbxi KgvÛvi Bb
wPd K‡b©j Gg G wR Imgvbxi Aax‡b ‡m±i KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e
hy× ïi“ K‡ib|
MZ wZb `kK a‡i evsjv‡`‡ki AvbyôvwbK BwZnvm
GKvwaKevi bZyb K‡i ‡jLvi Kvi‡Y cÖ_vMZ weP¶YZvi
m‡½ ؇›Øi m…wó n‡qwQj| 1971 mv‡ji ‡kl w`‡K wek¦
msev`gva¨‡g cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`bmg~n welqwU ¯úó K‡i‡Q ‡h
26 gvP© ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ ‡NvlYvi
wfwˇZB mviv we‡k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv e¨vcK
cÖPvi ‡c‡qwQj| G e¨vcv‡i m‡›`n ‡bB ‡h ga¨iv‡Z XvKvq
BwcAvi I cywjk e¨viv‡Ki Ici nvgjvi e¨vcv‡i ‡kL
gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖK…Z evZ©v wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcK cÖPvi
‡c‡qwQj| hw`I cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MV‡bi e¨vcv‡i 28 gvP©
KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡gRi wRqvi ‡NvlYvI wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g
cÖPvi ‡c‡qwQj| Z‡e ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi Rb¨ wek¦
msev`gva¨‡g ‡gRi wRqv‡K ‡Kv‡bv K…wZZ¡ ‡`Iqv nqwb|
‡idv‡iÝmn Bs‡iwR fvl¨
gvïKyi ingvb: wdÖj¨vÝ ‡jLK
gvneyeyi ingvb Rvjvj: Ôevsjv‡`k wjev‡ikb Iqvi
WKy‡g›UmÕ-Gi Kg©x
Bs‡iwR †_‡K Abyev`: ‡gvnv¤§` iwKeyj Bmjvg
e¬Mvi my-kv‡š—i †cv÷ †_‡K †jLvUv msM„nxZ
70
m~wPcÎ |
‡mB Kv‡jviv‡Z B_v‡i Lybxiv hv e‡jwQ‡jv....
Awg ingvb wcqvj
25 gvP©, 1971| Acv‡ik‡b ‡b‡g‡Q cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx|
AvbyôvwbK bvg- Acv‡ikb mvP©jvBU| ev¯—‡e wbwe©Pvi nZ¨v,
R¡vjvI-‡cvovI| ¯^vaxbZvKvgx evOvjxi KÉ ey‡jU w`‡q
wPiZ‡i ¯—ä Kivi mvgwiK bKkv| ‡m iv‡Zi ‡`oUv ‡_‡K
ciw`b mKvj 9 Uv ch©š— cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi Iq¨vi‡jm
UÖvÝwgkb ‡iKW© K‡iwQ‡jb AvYweK kw³ Kwgk‡bi W. Gg
Gg ‡nv‡mBb| XvKvi wLjMvI ‡PŠayixcvovi we-174 bs
evwo‡Z e‡m cÖv‡Yi SyuwK wb‡q KvRwU K‡iwQ‡jb GB
cÖ‡KŠkjx| Bs‡iwR-D`©y ‡gkv‡bv Am¤ú~Y© GB UÖvÝwKª‡Þi
Abyev` GKUy KwVb ‡V‡K‡Q| wgwjUvwi RviMb Rvbvi ‡P‡q
eo mgm¨v n‡”Q cÖwZwU Acv‡ik‡b we‡kl ‡KvW _v‡K, hv
mswk¬óivB ïay Rv‡b| ‡m¸‡jv wWmvBdvi Ki‡Z mgm¨v
n‡q‡Q Lye| wKQy we‡kl m‡¤^va‡bi A_© ai‡Z cvwiwb| Avevi
wKQy Av›`vR K‡i wb‡qwQ| ‡hgb Bgvg (aviYv KiwQ Gi A_©
KgvÛvi| ‡mUv wU°v Lvb, Avevi Rvnvb‡Re Avieve ‡_‡K
ïi“ K‡i BDwbU KgvÛviI n‡Z cv‡i)| Avevi ‡gBb evW©
ej‡Z ‡evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q ‡kL gywRei ingvb‡K| wU°v Lv‡bi
(w¯Œ‡Þ hv‡K K‡›UÖvj wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q) ZZ¡veav‡b
cwiPvwjZ GB Acv‡ik‡bi ‡iKW©K…Z UÖvÝwKª‡Þ wek¦we`¨vjq
GjvKv, ivRvievM cywjk jvBb, wcjLvbvq Acv‡ik‡bi
`vwq‡Z¡ _vKv BDwbU¸‡jvi K_vevZ©v D‡j¬L‡hvM¨, hw`I
cÖwZwU evZ©v avivevwnK Ggb bq, A‡b‡K K_v ej‡Q, A‡bK
mgq ‡ek mgq wb‡q ej‡Q| Kíbvq w`we¨ ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q
wiwmfvi nv‡Z Gme evZ©v wewbg‡qi mgq R¡j‡Q XvKv, gi‡Q
evOvjx| GKBm‡½ ïi“ n‡q ‡M‡Q gyw³hy×, ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g
cÖni|
: 77, Avgvi K_v ‡evSv hvq? Ifvi|
¯úó ‡evSv hv‡”Q bv (wi‡Wej)| ‡Kv‡bv Lei Av‡Q? Ifvi|
Kv‡iKkb, 77, A‡c¶v K‡ib, Ibv‡K... Dwb wb‡RB Kj
Ki‡eb...
K‡›UÖvj : 77, A‡c¶v K‡iv| c‡i K_v ejwQ ‡Zvgvi m‡½,
n¨v‡jv 99, Zywg ‡hvMv‡hvM iv‡Lv bq‡Zv 26 Ges Ab¨iv
cÖvmw½K wKQy K_v
Acv‡ikb mvP© jvBU P~ovš—KiY n‡qwQ‡jv mvaviY GKwU bxj
is‡qi c¨v‡W (bxjb·v wn‡m‡e wVK Av‡Q) mvaviY GKwU KvV
‡cw݇j! c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi Rbms‡hvM
Kg©KZ©v (wcAviI) wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv wmwÏK mvwjK Zvi
‡jLv DBU‡bm Uy mv‡iÛv‡i eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb Gi| ‡Rbv‡ij ivI
digvb Avjx Lmov K‡iwQ‡jb g~j cwiKíbv¸‡jvi| Avi Gi
wØZxqfvM wj‡L‡Qb ‡Rbv‡ij Lvw`g ‡nv‡mb ivRv| ‡mbv e›Ub
Ges ‡Kvb weÖ‡MW I BDwbU ‡Kvb Acv‡ik‡bi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e
ZviB wb‡`©kbvgv|
cvuP c…ôvRy‡o 16wU Aby‡”Q‡` cwiKwíZ GB Acv‡ik‡bi g~j
j¶¨ wQ‡jv BwcAvi (B÷ cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm, eZ©gv‡b
wewWAvi) I cywjkmn evOvjx ‡mbv m`m¨‡`i wbi¯¿ Kiv, e½eÜy
‡kL gywRei ingvbmn AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv Ges ¸i“Z¡c~Y© 16 Rb
e¨w³i evmvq nvbv w`‡q Zv‡`i ‡MÖßvi| 20 gvP© d¬¨vM÷vd
nvD‡R ‡Rbv‡ij nvwg` I ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb‡K c‡o
‡kvbv‡bv nq GB nv‡Z ‡jLv cwiKíbv| `yRbB Zv Aby‡gv`b
K‡ib| ‡m Abyhvqx ivI digvb Avjxi ZË¡veav‡b weÖ‡MwWqvi
Rvnvb‡Re Aviev‡ei ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb 57 weÖ‡MW XvKv I Avkcv‡k
Acv‡ikb Pvjvq, ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij Lvw`g ivRv ‡`‡ki evwK
As‡k|
25 gvP© ivZ wVK mv‡o 11Uvq ‡iwWI UÖvÝwgUvi¸‡jv Rxeš— n‡q
I‡V| g~j Acv‡ik‡bi mgqmxgv wQ‡jv ivZ GKUv (K¨v‡jÛv‡ii
cvZvq 26 gvP© ïi“), Zvi Av‡MB Uv‡M©‡Ui Av‡kcv‡k
BDwbU¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb ‡bIqvi K_v| Zvi g‡a¨B ‡cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqvi cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b ‡cŠu‡Q hv‡eb| wKš‘ ¯^vaxbZvKvgx
evOvjx QvÎ-RbZv Zvi Av‡M ‡_‡KB iv¯—vq cÖwZ‡iva M‡o
ZyjwQ‡jv, ¸i“Z¡c~Y© moK ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i wewfbœ RvqMvq Mv‡Qi
¸wo I bvbv wKQy w`‡q ‡ivWe¬K ‰Zwi K‡iwQ‡jv Zviv|
‡Mv‡q›`vm~‡Îi GB Le‡iB mv‡o 11Uvq me¸‡jv BDwbUB XvKv
K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡_‡K hvÎv ïi“ K‡i|
XvKvi GB Acv‡ik‡b wewfbœ `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jv :
13 dÖw›Uqvi ‡dvm© : XvKv ‡mbvwbevm AvKªvš— n‡j ‡mUv mvgvj
w`‡Z wiRvf© wn‡m‡e ivLv n‡qwQ‡jv Zv‡`i|
43 jvBU A¨vw›U GqviKªvdU ‡iwR‡g›U : ‡ZRMvu wegvbe›`‡ii
`vwq‡Z¡
22 ‡ejyP : wcjLvbvq BwcAvi‡`i wbiw¯¿KiY I Zv‡`i
Iqvi‡jm G·‡PÄ `L‡ji `vwq‡Z¡|
32 cvÄve : ivRvievM cywjk jvB‡bi `vwq‡Z¡
18 cvÄve : bevecyimn cyivb XvKvi wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ GjvKv¸‡jvi
`vwq‡Z¡
18 cvÄve, 22 ‡ejyP I 32 cvÄv‡ei GKwU K‡i ‡Kv¤úvwbi
mgš^‡q ‡hŠ_ BDwbU BKevj nj I RMbœv_ njmn XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi `vwqZ¡ ‡c‡qwQj
‡¯úkvj mvwf©m MÖ“‡ci GK`j Kgv‡Ûvi `vwqZ¡ wQ‡jv ‡kL
gywRe‡K (KjmvBb : ‡gBb evW©) RxweZ ‡MÖßvi Kiv| GK
‡¯‹vqvWÖb Gg-24 U¨v¼ ‡fv‡ii Av‡jv ‡dvUvi m‡½ m‡½ ‡hvM
‡`Iqvi A‡c¶vq wQ‡jv| GQvov ‡m‡KÛ K¨vwcUvj (‡k‡ievsjv
bMi/msm`feb GjvKv) Ges gxicyi I ‡gvnv¤§`cy‡ii wenvix
Aa¨ywlZ GjvKvq `vwqZ¡iZ wQ‡jv wdì ‡iwR‡g›U|
wKQy kãv_© ‡R‡b ivL‡j myweav n‡e cvVK‡`i : 88, 41, 26,
55 Gme n‡”Q `vwqZ¡iZ BDwbU¸‡jvi cwiwPwZ ms‡KZ| K_v
ejvi Av‡M ‡Kvb BDwbU K_v ej‡Q ZviB cwiPq w`‡Z msL¨vUv
e‡j‡Q Zviv| GKBfv‡e ‡Kv‡bv wbw`©ó BDwbU hLb Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv
BDwb‡Ui m‡½ K_v ej‡Z PvB‡Q ZLb ‡m ‡mUv D‡j¬L Ki‡Q,
‡hgb 88‡K 99| iRvi gv‡b ‡evSv ‡M‡Q, jvDW A¨vÛ wK¬qvi
gv‡b cwi®‹vi ‡evSv ‡M‡Q, DBj‡Kv gv‡b DBj Kgc¬vB ev Av‡`k
cvwjZ n‡e, Ifvi gv‡b evK¨ ‡kl, AvDU Uy BD gv‡b ‡Zvgvi
m‡½ K_v ‡kl, Bgvg n‡”Q KgvwÛs Awdmvi, gvi‡Lvi
GWRy‡U›U/KgvwÛs Awdmv‡ii ÷vd Awdmvi| K‡›UÖvj n‡”Q
‡iwR‡g›U K‡›UÖvj i“g| AveviI ejwQ, evZ©v wewbg‡qi g‡a¨
weiwZ wQ‡jv, ZvB cÖwZwU jvBb‡K avivevwnK a‡i ‡bIqv DwPZ
n‡e bv|
71
m~wPcÎ |
`yevi K‡i cwiw¯’wZ Rvbv‡e| Zywg ‡mÖd wUD‡b _v‡Kv, GLbI
bZyb wKQy N‡Uwb; wiRvf© jvBb `Lj Kiv ‡M‡Q Avi
wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq GLbI jovB Pj‡Q| AvDU|
: Bgv‡gi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡iv|
: 77, Bgvg GLv‡b G‡m‡Q, Avi Zvi m‡½ Avgvi Bgvg
GLb e¨¯— Av‡Q, GRb¨ GB gyn~‡Z© Avwg wKQyB ej‡Z cviwQ
bv| Ifvi|
: K‡›UÖvj AMÖMwZi Z_¨ Pv‡”Qb, Avcwb ‡LvuR wb‡q wb‡RB
Rvbvb| Ifvi|
: `vuovI| c‡i K_v ejwQ, n¨v‡jv, 77| Bgvg ïb‡Qb, evZ©v
cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 77, 88i KvQ ‡_‡K me©‡kl Rvbv ‡M‡Q ‡h ‡m GwM‡q
P‡j‡Q, wKš‘ ILv‡b GZ `vjvb ‡h ‡hme evwo ‡_‡K Ii
w`‡K ¸wj Kiv n‡”Q I ‡m¸wj‡KB ‡e‡Q wb‡”Q| Ii hv wKQy
Av‡Q meB e¨envi Ki‡Q| Ifvi|
: I‡K Rvbvb ‡h Zvi eo fvBiv (AvwU©jvwi) wkMwMiB P‡j
Avm‡Q, Avkv Kwi eo wewìs¸‡jv ¸uwo‡q ‡`Iqv hv‡e|
Iw`‡K g‡b n‡”Q wjqvKZ Avi BKevj (wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
QvÎvevm) Pyc ‡g‡i ‡M‡Q| wK wVK e‡jwQ? Ifvi|
:77, Kvwnbx ‡kl wKbv wbwðZ bv n‡jI Iiv G `y‡Uv wb‡q
‡ek LykxB g‡b n‡jv| Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj : `y`©vš—| GLb ‡Q‡j‡`i e‡j `vI iv¯—vq iv¯—vq
KviwdDi K_vUv cÖPvi Ki‡Z| GUvB mevi Av‡M| wØZxq
‡hUv, Iiv ‡hb evsjv‡`‡ki me cZvKv bvwg‡q ‡dj‡Z e‡j|
Avi ‡Kv‡bv evwo‡Z hw` evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv cvIqv hvq
Zvn‡j evwoIqvjv‡K ‡mRb¨ kvw¯— ‡c‡Z n‡e| ‡Kv‡bv Kv‡jv
cZvKv ‡hb bv D‡o, Avi kn‡ii ‡Kv‡bv RvqMvq ‡hb
evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv ‡`Lv bv hvq| Avi hw` ‡m¸‡jv bvgv‡bv
bv nq, Zvn‡j Zvi dj n‡e fxlY gvivZ¥K| GUv mevB‡K
cwi®‹vi eywS‡q ej‡Z n‡e| iRvi| Ifvi|
: 77, iRvi, Ifvi|
: 77, GQvov ‡ivW-e¬K¸jvi e¨vcv‡iI ‡NvlYv w`‡Z n‡e|
hw` KvD‡K iv¯—vq cÖwZeÜKZv emv‡Z ‡`Lv hvq Zvn‡j
‡mLv‡bB ¸wj K‡i gviv n‡e| GUv n‡”Q cÖ_g K_v| wØZxq
K_v n‡”Q ‡h RvqMvq ‡`Lv hv‡e, ‡mLvbKvi gvbylRb‡K
kvw¯— ‡`Iqv n‡e (gv‡b ‡g‡i ‡djv), Av‡i Wv‡b-ev‡qi evwo-
N‡iiI n‡e GKB `kv| ‡ivW e¬‡Ki Avkcvk ¸uwo‡q ‡`qv
n‡e| GUv mevB‡K cwi®‹vi eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e, RbMY‡KI|
Avi ivZ ‡_‡K mKvj ch©š— Ges AvMvgxKvj mvivw`b gvB‡K
‡NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e GB wb‡`©k| Ifvi|
: 77, DBj‡Kv| AvDU Ab BD| n¨v‡jv 41, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k
‡c‡q‡Qv? Ifvi|
: 41, Bgvg wK ïb‡Z cv‡”Q? Ifvi|
: 41, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k| cÖ_g n‡”Q, me Kv‡jv cZvKv... Gme
cZvKv evwoi gvwjK‡`i Aek¨B bvwg‡q ‡dj‡Z n‡e;
KvD‡K GiKg cZvKv Dov‡Z ‡`L‡j kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e| GB
wb‡`©k Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z n‡e (fyj D”PviY K‡i cÖwmwKD‡UW‡K
cviwmwKD‡UW ejv n‡q‡Q) Ges evwo aŸsm K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
GUv gvB‡K ‡NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi|
: 41, wVK GKBfv‡e ‡Kv_vI ‡Kv‡bv ‡ivWe¬K ‡`Lv ‡M‡j
‡mUv‡K ‡dŠR`vix Aciva wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e| KvD‡K Ggb
Ki‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡j m‡½ m‡½ ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡Z n‡e|
‡ivW e¬‡Ki Av‡kcv‡ki evwoi gvwjK‡`i kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e
aŸsmh‡Ái ïi“‡Z 25 gvP© iv‡Zi XvKv kni
Ges Zv‡`i evwo ¸uwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e| GB
‡NvlYvUvI Unj`vi ‡mbv‡`i w`‡q ‡`qv‡Z
n‡e| Ifvi|
: 41, AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 88, e‡jv| Ifvi
: 88, Bgvg A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb| evZ©v cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 88, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k me evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv ev Kv‡jv
cZvKv Ges ‡hme evwo‡Z G¸‡jv Do‡Q G gyn~‡Z© Zv bvwg‡q
‡djvi Rb¨ gvwjK‡`i mZK© K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, bq‡Zv Zv‡`i
kvw¯— ‡`Iqv n‡e (G RvqMvq e³v cviwmwKD‡UW‡K ms‡kvab
K‡i Avevi cÖwmwKD‡UW e‡j‡Qb)| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi|
: 88, DBj‡Kv| Ifvi|
: 88, ‡Kv_vI ‡Kv‡bv ‡ivWe¬K ‡`Lv ‡M‡j ‡mUv‡K ‡dŠR`vix
Aciva wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e| KvD‡K Ggb Ki‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡j
m‡½ m‡½ ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡Z n‡e| ‡ivW e¬‡Ki
Av‡kcv‡ki evwoi gvwjK‡`i kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡`i
evwo ¸wo‡q w`‡Z n‡e| GB ‡NvlYvUvI Unj`vi ‡mbv‡`i
w`‡q ‡`qv‡Z n‡e| Ifvi|
: 88| DBj‡Kv| Avi wKQy? Ifvi|
: 88| ‡Zvgvi Bgvg wK e‡j‡Q ‡h KvRUv mvi‡Z cÖvq wZb
‡_‡K Pvi NÈv mgq jvM‡e? Ifvi|
: 88| n¨vu| KvRUv wVKg‡Zv mvi‡Z Kgc‡¶ wZb ‡_‡K Pvi
NÈv jvM‡e| Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj : 88, Bgvg GLb Bgvg 26 Gi m‡½ Av‡Qb| hw`
Avi ‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi mvnvh¨ cÖ‡qvRb nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Rvbv‡Z
cvi| Avi e¨v`vi¸‡jv (Gg-24 U¨v¼) wbivc` Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K
hvÎv ïi“ K‡i‡Q Ges ‡fv‡ii Av‡jv ‡dvUvi m‡½ m‡½
‡Zvgvi mvg‡bi me evav aŸsm Ki‡Z ‡Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨
Ki‡e| Ifvi|
: 88, A‡bK A‡bK ab¨ev`| Avgvi Avi wKQy ejvi ‡bB|
me wVKVvK g‡ZvB n‡”Q|
K‡›UÖvj : 88, iRvi| AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 41| g¨v‡mR|
Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj : 41, ‡ijI‡q jvB‡bi cwðg w`‡K cvjv‡bvi
c_¸‡jv ‡Zvgvi GjvKvq c‡o‡Q| Avkv Kwi RvqMvg‡Zv
cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v ivL‡e hv‡Z K¨v¤úv‡m 26 I 88i nvZ
‡_‡K ‡mw`K w`‡q ‡KD cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z bv cv‡i| Ifvi|
: 41, Avgiv GjvKvUvq Unj ‡Rvi`vi K‡iwQ| cÖwZ wgwb‡UB
Avgiv P°i w`w”Q Avi mZK© _vKwQ| Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj : 41, iRvi| Avwg wbwðZ wQjvg ‡h Zywg cy‡iv
72
m~wPcÎ

wbqš¿Y wb‡q ‡b‡e| 26 Gi Iiv ‡WBwj wcc‡j Avgv‡`i
eÜy‡`iI Luy‡R ‡ei K‡i‡Q| LeiUvq ‡Zvgvi Lykx nIqv
DwPZ| AvDU|
K‡›UÖvj: n¨v‡jv 88‡K 99| nvB‡q÷ K‡›UÖvj Rvb‡Z PvB‡Q
cÖwZc¶ wK ai‡bi ¸wjel©Y K‡i‡Q| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| A‡c¶v Ki“b| Avwg Avgvi Bgvg‡K ‡dvb
KiwQ, Ibvi m‡½ K_v ejyb|
: 99‡K 88| Avgvi Bgvg ïb‡Qb| g¨v‡mR w`b| Ifvi|
: 88‡K 99| m‡e©v”P K‡›UÖvj Rvb‡Z PvB‡Qb RMbœv_,
BKevj I wjqvK‡Z (wek¦we`¨vjq QvÎvevm) wK ai‡bi
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L c‡o‡Qb| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| ïi“‡Z RMbœv_ I BKevj nj ‡_‡K cÖPyi ¸wj
‡Quvov n‡q‡Q| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi|
: iRvi| Ifvi|
: 88, Avgiv ‡ivwgI ‡ivwgI (wiK‡q‡jm ivB‡dj) w`‡q
nvgjv Kivi ci Avi ‡Kv‡bv AvIqvR Av‡mwb, Z‡e
K‡qKUv‡K wbw®Œq K‡iwQ| iRvi ‡mv dvi, Ifvi|
: 88‡K 99| iRvi| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| Avwg GLb wjqvK‡Z hvw”Q KviY I‡`i ‡mUUv
A‡K‡Rv n‡q ‡M‡Q| I‡`i AMÖMwZ Rvwb bv| ‡LuvR wb‡q
Rvbvw”Q| Ifvi|
: 88‡K 99| Icvk ‡_‡K ¯^qswKªq A‡¯¿i ¸wj wKsev ‡MÖ‡bW
BZ¨vw` ‡Quvov n‡qwQj wKbv RvwbI| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| cÖPyi w_Ö bU w_Öi ¸wj| Z‡e ‡Kv‡bv ¯^qswKªq
A¯¿ ev ‡MÖ‡b‡Wi AvIqvR ïwbwb| Ifvi|
: 88, iRvi AvDU|
: 99‡K 26| gvi‡Lvi (GWRy‡U›U) G‡m‡Qb| evZ©v cvVvI|
Ifvi|
: 26‡K 99| `qv K‡i Avgv‡`i e‡jv ‡Zvgiv GLb ch©š— wK
wK Kâv K‡i‡Qv| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| 2000 (ivRvievM cywjk jvBb) `Lj, Zvici
igbv _vbv `Lj, Kgjvcyi _vbv `Lj, wUwf I ‡iwWI
wbqš¿‡b, (‡Uwj‡dvb) G·‡PÄ `Lj| cÖ_g av°v‡ZB me Bqv
Avjx| Ifvi| (Pj‡e)
: Kwgkbvi Awd‡m Avgv‡`i GLvb ‡_‡K cyiv‡bv cëb
GjvKvq cÖPyi Av¸b R¡j‡Z ‡`Lv hv‡”Q| GUv wK ‡nW Awdm
bvwK Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv RvqMv? Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| 2000 (Gwiqv Uy _vD‡RÛ/ivRvievM cywjk
jvBb) Av¸b R¡j‡Q| Avevi ejwQ 2000 R¡j‡Q| Ifvi|
: 88‡K 99| wccjm ‡WBwji (‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡bi/GLb
‡kivUb D‡ëvw`‡K Aew¯’Z cwÎKv Awdm) wK Ae¯’v?
: 99‡K 26| Dwo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q (e¬vm‡UW)| Avevi ejwQ,
Dwo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ¸i“Zi AvnZ Ae¯’vq Avgv‡`i
`yRb‡K wmGgGBP (mw¤§wjZ mvgwiK nvmcvZvj) cvwV‡q
‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q, AviI `yRb Aí AvNvZ ‡c‡q‡Q| Ifvi|
: 26‡K 99, cÖwZc‡¶i ¶q¶wZi ‡Kv‡bv Av›`vR? Ifvi|
: 26, bv| GB gyn~‡Z© Abygvb Kiv KwVb| j¶¨e¯—y¸‡jv‡Z
Av¸b R¡j‡Q A_ev cy‡ivcywi aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB gyn~‡Z©
wKQy ejv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| Ifvi|
: 26‡K 99, cywjk jvB‡biI e¨e¯’v ‡bIqv n‡q ‡M‡Q?
Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| nu¨v e‡jwQ, `yB nvRvi, cywjk jvBb R¡j‡Q|
Ifvi|
: 26‡K 99| `vi“Y ‡`wL‡q‡Qv| AvDU|
: 55| jvDW A¨vÛ wK¬qvi| Ifvi|
: 55, gvi‡Lvi ïb‡Q| cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 55, evZ©v cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 55 Avcwb Kj K‡iwQ‡jb| ‡g‡mR cvVvb| gvi‡Lvi
ïb‡Qb (D`©y)| 55, Avcbvi ‡g‡mR cvVvb| Ifvi|
: 55....
: 55, Avevi e‡jb| Ifvi|
: 55....
: 88‡K 26| AMÖMwZ RvbvI| Ifvi|
: 55| iRvi| G‡`i m‡½ wVK ‡Kv_vq ‡hvMv‡hvM n‡qwQ‡jv?
Ifvi|
: 88‡K 26| Avcbvi K_v ‡f‡O ‡f‡O Avm‡Q Avi
RMbœv‡_i e¨vcv‡i AMÖMwZ Rvbvb, RMbœv‡_i e¨vcv‡i (D`©y)|
Ifvi
: .... Avcbvi Kv‡Q wi‡cvU© Ki‡e|
:88‡K 26| iRvi| AvDU|
: 55| Avwg Avevi ejwQ, Avgv‡`i.... mvg‡b GKUv ‡ivW
e¬K wQ‡jv Avi Avgiv ‡mUv mivw”Q, Avi... ... ... Av`vi
Gwj‡g›Um| Ifvi|
: 55| Rwj ¸W ‡kv (`vi“Y ‡`wL‡q‡Qv)| ‡Zvgvi
Gwj‡g›U¸‡jv (m¤¢eZ mv‡cvwU©s AvwU©jvwii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q)
26 G cvVv‡bvi K_v| Z‡e Zviv ‡ewk Kv‡R Avm‡e 88i,
hviv GB gyn~‡Z© ‡ek Sv‡gjvq c‡o‡Q| Avm‡Z _v‡Kv|
AvDU|
: 55| wi-‡bU (UÖvÝwgUvi ‡mU Kivi
wb‡`©k)| Avcbvi ‡m‡Ui ‡bwUs ‡PK Ki“b|
‡evSv hv‡”Q bv Avcwb wK ej‡Qb (D`©y)| 55, 55,
55, 55... ‡bwUs Kj| ‡bU bvI| ‡bwUs Kj GÛm|
: 55| Avgvi K_v ‡kvbv hvq? Ifvi|
: 55, 56 ... ... Ifvi|
: 55, GL‡bv wk‡mi g‡Zv kã n‡”Q| UÖvÝwgUvi Avevi ‡bU
K‡iv (D`©y)| 55, 55, 55, 55| wnqvi ‡bwUs Kj| ‡bU
bvI| ‡bwUs Kj GÛm|
: 55| Avgvi K_v ‡kvbv hvq? Ifvi|
: 55... ...|
: 55| iRvi| gvBK GKUy `~‡i ‡i‡L K_v ejyb (D`©y)| 55,
Avi wKQy bv| AvDU|
: ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 88‡K 26, 88‡K 26, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 26‡K 88| Avgiv hvw”Q...
: 88‡K 26| RMbœv‡_i AMÖMwZ RvbvI, Avevi ejwQ,
RMbœv_| Ifvi|
: 26‡K 88| Avgvi Bgvg hv‡”Qb|
: 88‡K 26| iRvi AvDU|
: gvi‡Lvi‡K gvi‡Lvi| Ifvi|
: 16| A‡c¶v K‡iv| AvDU|
: Iw`‡Ki ¶q¶wZ ‡Kgb? Ifvi|
: 16... ... PviRb wbnZ|
: iRvi| AvnZ‡`i h_v_© wPwKrmv ‡mev ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q?
: ... ... ... BwcAvi nvmcvZvj| Ifvi|
: 16| Lye fv‡jv| AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 26, n¨v‡jv 26,
n¨v‡jv 26, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 55| Ae¯’vb RvbvI| Ifvi|
: 55| Ae¯’vb RvbvI| Ifvi|
: 55, Avwg dvg©‡M‡Ui KvQvKvwQ Avi GLb we‡ùviK I
Ab¨vb¨ wRwbm w`‡q ‡ivW e¬K mivw”Q| Avgiv GLbI Av‡Mi
RvqMv‡ZB AvwQ| Ifvi|
: 55| iRvi| Avkv Kwi ‡KD ‡Zvgv‡`i wei“‡× jvMvi
mvnm K‡iwb| Ifvi|
: 55| Avgiv Pviw`‡K wPZv (Kgv‡Ûv `j) Qwo‡q w`‡qwQ|
GLb ch©š— ‡bwZevPK| Ifvi|
: 55| iRvi| (eyj)‡WvRvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ D×vi miÄvg Av‡Q
‡Zvgvi m‡½? Ifvi|

73
m~wPcÎ |
: 55| n¨v, ‡WvRvi GLb mvg‡b RvqMvg‡Zv hv‡”Q miv‡Z...
... ... kw³ w`‡q| Avi GivI Avgv‡`i ‡ek mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q|
Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj: 55| ‡ek `vi“Y| Avm‡Z _v‡Kv| Avgiv GLb GB
g~j fe‡bi GjvKvq| Zywg ‡Póv K‡i ‡`‡Lv iv¯—v¸‡jvi
AcÖ‡qvRbxq ¶wZ Gwo‡q ‡h‡Z| AvDU|
: .... Ifvi|
: 77‡K..., 77‡K 16, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 16, gvi‡Lvi‡K w`b| Ifvi|
: 16, gvi‡Lvi‡K w`b| Ifvi|
: 16 ...
: 16, Av‡M ‡hfv‡e ejv n‡qwQ‡jv, ‡Zvgvi Avmj `‡ji
(AwiwRbvj ‡dvm©) Bgvg cÖ‡qvRbxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e Ges
Avbylw½K wK wK Ki‡Z n‡e ‡m¸‡jv ‡ei K‡i ‡m Abyhvqx
mvRv‡e| ‡fvi bv nIqv ch©š— wKsev ‡Zvgv‡`i ILv‡bi Bgvg
bv Avmv ch©š— ‡hgb wQ‡j ‡mfv‡eB _vK‡Z ejv n‡”Q|
: 16, DBj‡Kv| AvDU|
: ... Bgv‡gi Rb¨| Ifvi|
: ... A‡c¶v K‡iv| Ifvi|
: Bgvg ïb‡Qb| ‡g‡mR cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 41, ‡Zvgvi GjvKvq wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs Bbw÷wUDU
(‡gvnv¤§`cyi, GLv‡bB c‡i Avj-e`i ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi ¯’vwcZ
nq) Ges cywjk ‡÷kb¸‡jvi Ae¯’v RvbvI| Ifvi|
: 41| wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs Bbw÷wUDU fv‡jvfv‡e Zj¬vkx Kiv
nqwb, Z‡e Avgiv ‡mLv‡b mk¯¿ ‡mbv ‡gvZv‡qb K‡iwQ| GB
GjvKvq ‡Kv‡bv cywjk ‡÷kb ‡bB| Ifvi|
: 41| ab¨ev`| AvDU|
: 41| Avgv‡`i GLv‡b A‡bK¸‡jv ‡jvK Av‡Q hviv ‡ek
wKQy ‡ivW e¬K w`‡qwQ‡jv, G‡`i aiv n‡q‡Q Ges ‡m¸‡jv
cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z Kv‡R jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q| I‡`i wK Avcbvi
Kv‡Q wb‡q ‡h‡Z n‡e, bvwK LZg K‡i ‡`‡ev (e›`x wn‡m‡e
cvwV‡q ‡`‡ev bv ‡g‡i ‡dj‡ev)? Ifvi|
: 41, kÖ‡gi `vi“Y e¨envi K‡i‡Qv ‡`LwQ| AvcvZZ G‡`i
e¨envi Ki‡Z _v‡Kv Avi hZ¶Y ch©š— Bgv‡gi KvQ ‡_‡K
wb‡`©k bv cvw”Q ZZ¶Y AvU‡K iv‡Lv| Zvici cwiw¯’wZ ey‡S
nq ‡Zvgiv Zv‡`i Lvjvm Ki‡e bq‡Zv Avgv‡`i‡K cvVv‡e|
Ifvi|
: 41| iRvi| AvDU|
: 88| ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 88, ‡g‡mR cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 88, ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv BDwbd‡g©i (wi‡fivBb BDwbU/b`xi
Kyj cvnviv ‡`qv c`vwZK BDwbU) m‡½ Avcbvi GK
Gwj‡g›U (‡mbv Kg©KZ©v) Av‡Q Zvi gva¨‡g wR‡Ám Ki“b
‡Zv ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv BDwb‡dvg© cvwb‡Z Unj w`‡”Q wK bv
(D`©y)| Ifvi|
: 88| iRvi| Ifvi|
: 88, AvDU|
: ... ‡mÖd g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z ‡P‡qwQ ‡h ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv
BDwbd‡giÖ m‡½ _vKv Avcbvi Gwj‡g‡›Ui DwPZ n‡e
Zv‡`i‡K ‡bŠKvq K‡i Unj w`‡Z ejv (K¨vwi AvDU c¨vUÖwjs
Bb `¨ wifvi ‡evUm)| Bgv‡gi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv Abyhvqx
b`x‡Z Unj ïi“ Ki“b| Ifvi|
: 88, Avgiv Gi g‡a¨B Zv ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ, Avevi ejwQ,
Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ Zv ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ| Ifvi|
: 88... Avwg Zvi Kv‡Q cyivUv w`w”Q
: 88, Lye fv‡jv| Pvwj‡q hvI| AvDU|
: n¨v‡jv 26| Ifvi|
gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g
: 26| cvVvI| Ifvi|
: ‡Zvgiv wK ‡WBwj wccj ‡_‡K ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvD‡K AvUKv‡Z
‡c‡i‡Qv? Ifvi|
knx`
: 26 bv, ‡b‡MwUf| Z‡e Avgv‡`i ‰mb¨iv Ab¨ K‡qKRb S‡ov nvIqv
¸i“Z¡c~Y© ‡jv‡Ki ‡Lvu‡R ‡M‡Q Avi Avgiv Zv‡`i AMÖMwZ
Rvb‡Z A‡c¶v KiwQ| Ifvi|
K‡›UÖvj: 26| iRvi| Avjdv wjgvi (AvIqvgx wjM) Kvh©vjq knx` dvi“K BKevj n‡jb gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g
wK `Lj n‡q‡Q? Ifvi| knx`| wZwb 1971 mv‡ji 3iv gvP© knx` nb|
: 26| bv| ‡fvi ‡ejv e¨e¯’v ‡bIqv n‡e| Ifvi| dvi“K BKevj wQ‡jb AveyRi wMdvix K‡jR QvÎ
: 26| iRvi| Zvn‡j nq‡Zv ‡mLvbKvi evwm›`viv me ‡iKW© msm‡`i (QvÎjxM) mvaviY m¤úv`K| GB
ev KvMRcÎ Gi g‡a¨B cywo‡q ev bó K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q| Z_¨¸‡jv ‡jLv Av‡Q Zuvi mgvwai ‡k¦Zcv_‡ii
ZviciI ‡Zvgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i cwiKíbvg‡ZvB G‡Mv‡Z _v‡Kv dj‡K| Avi GB mgvwa XvKvi ‡gŠPvK gv‡K©‡Ui
Avi ‡Zvgv‡`i AMÖMwZ LyeB PgrKvi n‡”Q| ‡QvULv‡Uv hvB mvg‡b ‡gBb iv¯—vi gv‡S Aew¯’Z| Avwg ‡QvU‡ejv
NUyK bv ‡K‡bv Avgv‡`i RvwbI| Ifvi| ‡_‡KB ‡gBb iv¯—vi gv‡S GLvbKvi `ywU Kei
: n¨v‡jv 99, 99| gvi‡Lvi| ‡QvUv‡K w`b| Ifvi| ‡`‡L AvmwQ wKš‘ Zvi GKwU Kei ‡h gyw³hy‡×i
: 99, A‡c¶v K‡iv| AvDU| cÖ_g knx‡`iÑ GUv Rvbjvg wKQyw`b Av‡M| GUv
: ‡g‡mR cvVvb, Ifvi| Avgvi Rb¨ `ytLRbK welq| Avwg knx` dvi“K
†nvmvBb †ZŠwdK BdwZLvi
: AvDU Uy BD, n¨v‡jv 26, 26, 77 ‡_‡K ‡g‡mR, BKevj m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv wKQy Z_¨ Rvb‡Z PvB|
gvi‡Lvi‡K Rvbvb ‡h Bgvg e‡j‡Qb, ‡fv‡ii Av‡jv ‡dvUvi D‡j¬L¨, Aci KeiwU knx` gyw³‡hv×v ‡gvt
Av‡MB hZ jvk Av‡Q me ‡hb mwi‡q ‡djv nq; evwK Zmwj‡gi, Dwb 17 wW‡m¤^i kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib|
mevB‡K GUv e‡j `vI (D`©y)| Ifvi|
74
m~wPcÎ |
‡Mwijv g¨vby‡qj (1971) : †gRi GgG gÄyi
Awg ingvb wcqvj
evsjvi gyw³hy× (‡Mwijv evwnbxi wb‡`©kvejx)
"Gev‡ii msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg
Gev‡ii msMÖvg, ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|" - e½eÜy
cÖYxZ
‡mbvbvqK
`w¶Y-cwðg AÂj
evsjv‡`k mk¯¿ evwnbx
GKwU msMÖvgx dwiqv`
fv‡qiv,
AvR Avgiv Avgv‡`i gvZ…f~wgi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g wjß|
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK ‡Mvóx 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© ‡_‡K
‡h b…ksmfv‡e wbwe©Pv‡i evOvjx nZ¨v Ki‡Q, Avgv‡`i gv-
‡evb‡K al©b Ki‡Q I Avgv‡`i evwoNi R¡vwj‡q m¤ú` jy‡U
Avgv‡`i‡K M…nnviv K‡i P‡j‡Q Zvi wei“‡× Avgiv i“‡L
`vuwo‡qwQ| Avgv‡`i hy× ZZw`b ch©š— Pj‡e hZw`b ch©š—
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbx mg~‡j wbcvZ bv n‡e Ges
evsjv‡`k m¤ú~Y© ¯^vaxb bv n‡e| kÎy wbcvZ Kivi Rb¨
kÎy‡K Rvbv `iKvi I Zvi iY‡KŠkj m¤ú‡K© Ávb _vKv
wbZvš— cÖ‡qvRb| Avgv‡`i kÎy mymw¾Z I msL¨vwaK| Zvi
wei“‡× mivmwi hy‡×i mgq GL‡bv nqwb| Avgiv GL‡bv
‡Mwijv iY‡KŠkj e¨envi KiwQ| AZwK©‡Z kÎyi Dci nvgjv
K‡i Zvi me©vwaK ¶wZmvab Ki‡Z n‡e| ‡`L‡Z n‡e kÎy
‡hb Zvi ‰`wbK mieivn bv cvq I ‡Kv_vI wbivc` Abyfe
bv K‡i|
Avwg wek¦vm Kwi ‡h, gyw³hy‡×i ‡h wb‡`©kvejx GB wjwcKvq
‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv cy‡ivcywi cvjb Ki‡j Avgiv mdjKvg
n‡ev|
‡Lv`v ‡gv‡`i mnvq- Rq Avgv‡`i mywbwðZ| Rq evsjv|
GgG gÄyi
‡mbvbvqK
Avgiv evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³evwnbx
Avgv‡`i Kvg¨ : evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
Avgv‡`i kÎy : we‡eKnxb cwðg cvwK¯—vb miKvi I ee©i
nvbv`vi ‡mbviv, hviv-
Ñ wkï, bvix, e…× wbwe©Pv‡i evOvjx‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡Q
Ñ N…Y¨Zg Dcv‡q Avgv‡`i gv-‡evb‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Q
Ñ Avgv‡`i Nievwo R¡vwj‡q w`‡”Q
Ñ Avgv‡`i m¤ú` jy‡U j¶ j¶ wbiciva bibvix‡K
‡`kQvov Ki‡Q
Ñ evOvjx RvwZ‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i gv‡S fvOb
aiv‡bvi ‡Póv Ki‡Q|
Avgv‡`i cY: ‡Lv`vi Dci wek¦vm ‡i‡L giYcY msMÖvg
A¶yYœ ivLe, hZ¶Y bv Avgv‡`i ‡kl kÎywU‡K ‡`k Qvov
Kie Ges evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb ivóÖiƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ n‡Z ‡`Le|
gyw³evwnbxi wb‡`©kvejx
‡Mwijv hy‡×i wewfbœ ch©vq
1. cÖ_g ch©vq : NuvwU ¯’vcb (10-15w`b ‡gvUvgywU mgq)
K. NvuwU I jyKvBevi wewfbœ ¯’vb wbe©vPb
L. A¯¿k¯¿, ‡Mvjvevi“` Ges Ab¨vb¨ im` ivLvi ¸ß¯’vb
wbe©vPb
M. KgiÖZ MYevwnbxi ‡jvK‡`i mwnZ ‡hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb
N. ¯^vaxbZvKvgx ¯’vbxq `‡ji mwnZ ‡hvMv‡hvM
O. ¯’vbxq MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³‡`i mwnZ ‡hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Ges
Zvnv‡`i gb Rq
P. kÎy I ¯’vbxq wei“×Kvix `j¸‡jvi m¤ú‡K© LeivLei
msMÖn
Q. ‡Mvcb Z_¨ mieivnKvix ms¯’v (intelligence network)
¯’vcb I Leivw` Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi e¨e¯’v|
[GB KvR me ch©v‡q Pj‡e]
2. wØZxq ch©vq : AmvgwiK RbM‡Yi mg_©b Av`vq-
[GB Kv‡R ‡Kv‡bv wbw`©ó mgq ‡bB, Z…Zxq ch©vq Aewa Pj‡e]
K. RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ ivR‰bwZK ‡PZbv m…wó K‡i Ges wewfbœ
mgvRKj¨vYg~jK KvR K‡i RbM‡Yi gb Rq Ki‡Z n‡e|
mgvRKj¨vY Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- Av‡Z©i wPwKrmv, ÎvYKvh©
I Pywi WvKvwZ eÜ|
L. ivRvKvi, gyRvwn` I Ab¨vb¨ hviv wewfbœ Kvi‡Y kÎyi
mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ fvOb aiv‡Z n‡e I wb‡R‡`i
`‡j wfwo‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
M.al©Y, jyÉb I nZ¨vKvÊ GBmg¯— N…Y¨ AmvgvwRK KvR‡K
mg~‡j D‡”Q` Ki‡Z n‡e|
N. MÖv‡gi ev A‡ji AvÂwjK i¶xevwnbx MVb
3. Z…Zxq ch©vq : m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Rqjvf bv Kiv ch©š— kÎyi
aŸsm mvab Kiv
K. ‡ijc_, moK Ges b`xc‡_ kÎyi ‡hvMv‡hvM wew”Qbœ Kiv
Ges KªgvMZ AZwK©Z nvgjv I A¨vgey‡ki gva¨‡g kÎyi aŸsm
mvab
L. mKj wegvb ‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v webó Kiv I kÎyi
e¨env‡ii Abyc‡hvMx Kiv
M. we`y¨Z mieivn bó K‡i ‡`qv
N. kÎyi miKvix Awdm Av`vjZ‡K A‡K‡Rv K‡i ‡`qv
O. kÎy Øviv wbe©vwPZ Abyôvb‡K wedj Kiv
P. mKj R¡vjvbx ‡Z‡ji ¸`vg webó Kiv
Q. gyw³hy‡× evav`vbKvix ‡h ‡Kv‡bv kw³i D‡”Q`
R. AvÂwjK cÖkvmb e¨e¯’v cÖYqb| GKv‡R mKj mr I
KZ©e¨civqY ‡gvoj gvZeŸi‡`i ‡hvM¨ ¯’vb w`‡e Ges
cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a bZyb ‡jvK‡K wb‡qvM Ki‡e
75
m~wPcÎ |
S. cvU ißvbx m¤ú~Y©fv‡e eÜ Ki‡Z
n‡e| miKvix ¸`vg I eoeo
e¨emvqx‡`i (B¯úvnvbx I Av`gRx)
¸`vg, ‡hLvb ‡_‡K cvU we‡`‡k
ißvbx Kiv nq ‡m¸‡jv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
aŸsm Ki‡Z n‡e| ‡`kevmx‡K cvU
bv ey‡b avb ‡evbvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ
Ki‡Z n‡e|
‡Mwijv hy‡×i ixwZ I
‡KŠkj
1. kÎy‡K Pg‡K ‡`Iqv I cÖZviYv
Kiv- ‡Mwijvi Rb¨ me‡P‡q eo A¯¿
‡KŠkj- kÎy‡K nVvr Pg‡K ‡`Iqv|
kÎy AwaK…Z GjvKvq ¯^ímsL¨K
‡jvKej I A¯¿ej wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z
nq, myZivs kÎy‡K AvPgKv AvNvZ bv
nvb‡j kÎy cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡q D‡ëv AvNvZ
‡n‡b AevwÃZ cwigvY ¶wZmvab
Ki‡Z cv‡i| AZGe G ai‡bi
Pg‡K ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ ‡Mwijviv
wbgœwjwLZ Dcv‡q KvR Ki‡e :
K. kÎy ‡hLv‡b ‡Zvgvi AvNv‡Zi
Avk¼v K‡i bv ‡mLv‡b AvNvZ K‡iv
L. GKB¯’v‡b evievi KvR Ki‡e bv,
G‡Z kÎy mveavb n‡q AvUNvU ‡eu‡a
AvNvZ cÖwZnZ Ki‡e
M. iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i KvR Ki‡e
N. ‡Zvgvi Kv‡Ri ‡Kv‡bv wbqwgZ
c×wZ n‡e bv, G cÖwKªqv cwieZ©b
Ki‡e
O. KwVb mveavbZv Aej¤^b Ki‡e
2. mveavbZv- ‡eu‡P _vKv ‡Mwijvi
Rb¨ AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRbxq| Ggb ‡Kv‡bv
KvR Ki‡e bv hv‡Z ‡Zvgvi Aw¯—‡Z¡i
AvksKv ‡`Lv ‡`q| me©¶Y RvMÖZ
`…wó ivL‡e hv‡Z kÎy ‡Zvgv‡K
AvPgKv AvNvZ bv Ki‡Z cv‡i
3. MwZkxjZv- wbqwgZ hy‡×
‰mwb‡Ki ‡hme hvbevn‡bi my‡hvM
_v‡K, ‡Mwijv‡`i Zv _v‡K bv| GB
Rb¨ ‡Mwijv‡`i ZrciZv Ggb me
¯’v‡b Ki‡Z n‡e ‡hLv‡b wbqwgZ
‰mwb‡Ki AvaywbK hvbevnb ‡cŠuQv‡bv
m¤¢e bq|
‡Mwijv MwZkxjZvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb :
K. avuauvi Rb¨
L. Pg‡K ‡`Iqvi Rb¨
MwZkxjZvi Rb¨ ‡Mwijv:
M. kvixwiKfv‡e nvjKv n‡e
N. evwn¨K I gvbwmK w`K ‡_‡K `…p
n‡e
O. wPš—vkxj I fv‡jv cwiKíbvwe`
n‡e
4. AvKªgY- ‡Mwijv me©`v AvKªg‡Y
D‡`¨vMx n‡e| hw` ‡Kv_vI kÎy
AvKªgY K‡i Z‡e h_vm¤¢e m¤§yLhy×
Gwo‡q ‡h‡Z n‡e|
5. ‡PZbv- ‡Mwijvi ‡PZbv I D`¨g
m‡e©v”P ¯—‡ii nIqv PvB| Zv‡`i
g‡bvfve Ggb n‡e ‡h, Zviv mevB
GKB cwiev‡ii ‡jvK, GKB Av`k©
ev Kvi‡Yi Rb¨ hy×iZ| mv_x‡K
wec‡` ‡d‡j ‡Mwijv KL‡bv cvjvq
bv|
6. wbqgvbyewZ©Zv- ‡Mwijvi k…sLjv
m‡e©v”P ¯—‡ii n‡e| wb‡Ri Rxeb
wecbœ K‡iI ‡Mwijv Zvi `jcwZi
wb‡`©k gv‡b|
gyw³hy‡×i Mvb
Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq
Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq wZ‡j wZ‡j evOvjxi GB civRq||
n‡e n‡e n‡e
n‡e wbðq Avi Kwi bv Kwi bv Kwi bv fq
‡KvwU cÖvY GKmv‡_ Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq||
‡R‡M‡Q AÜiv‡Z
bZyb m~h¨© IVvi GB ‡Zv mgq fyLv Avi ‡eKv‡ii wgwQjUv ‡hb IB
Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq||| w`b w`b ïay ‡e‡o hv‡”Q
‡iv‡` cy‡o R‡j wf‡R
evsjvi cÖwZ Ni Amnvq n‡q AvR dyUcv‡_ Zviv VvB
f‡i w`‡Z PvB ‡gviv A‡bœ, A‡bœ cv‡”Q||
Avgv‡`i i³ UMeM `yj‡Q
gyw³i `…ß Zvi“‡Y¨, Zvi“‡Y¨|| evievi NyNy G‡m
‡L‡q ‡h‡Z ‡`e bv‡Kv Avi avb
‡bB fq evsjvi `ykgb- ‡Zvlv‡gv`x PvUyKvi
Rq ‡nvK i‡³i cÖ”Q` cU|| mveavb mveavb mveavb||
Zey Kwi bv Kwi bv Kwi bv fq GB w`b
Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq|| m…wói Dj¬v‡m n‡e iOxb||
Ak‡_i Qv‡q ‡hb ivLv‡ji euvkix Avi gvwb bv gvwb bv ‡Kv‡bv mskq
n‡q ‡M‡Q G‡Kev‡i ¯—ä Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq
Pvwiw`‡K ïwb AvR wb`viƒY nvnvKvi
Avi H Kvbœvi kã|| Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq
n‡e n‡e n‡e
kvm‡bi bv‡g P‡j ‡kvl‡bi myKwVb hš¿ n‡e wbðq
e‡RÖi ûsKv‡i k…sLj fvO‡Z msMÖvgx RbZv ‡KvwU cÖvY GKmv‡_
AZ›`Ö|| ‡R‡M‡Q AÜiv‡Z
bZyb m~h¨© IVvi GB ‡Zv mgq
Avi bq Rq evsjv, evsjvi Rq||
76
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ea¨f~wgi AwfÁZv
Awg ingvb wcqvj
14 wW‡m¤^i mKvj 9Uv| kvwš—ev‡M Avgvi evmvq ï‡qwQjvg|
nVvZ evB‡i fvix cv‡qi kã ‡cjvg| ‡eovi dvuK w`‡q
ZvwK‡q ‡`wL K‡qKRb ivB‡djavix ‡jvK Avm‡Q| iv¯—vi
`iRvq G‡m Zviv ‡Rv‡i ‡Rv‡i av°v w`‡Z jvMj| KK©k ¯^‡i
Zviv ejwQj- ÔN‡i ‡K Av‡Qv, `iRv ‡Lv‡jv|Õ
Zvici bvbv K_vevZ©vi ci Zviv Avgv‡K Ni ‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i
wb‡q ‡Mj| evmvi cv‡ki GKwU ‡g‡mi GKwU ‡Q‡j‡KI Zviv
a‡i wb‡q Gj| Avgv‡`i Zviv gvwjevM ‡gv‡o `vuo Kiv‡bv
GKwU ev‡m wb‡q Zyjj| ev‡m Zy‡jB Zviv Avgvi Mv‡qi Rvgv
Ly‡j ‡djj Ges GKwU Kvco w`‡q ‡PvL k³ K‡i K‡l ‡eu‡a
‡djj| GQvov nvZ `y‡Uv wb‡qI ‡cQb w`‡K k³ K‡i ‡eu‡a
‡djj| Zvici evm ‡Q‡o w`‡jv| c‡_ Av‡iv K‡qK RvqMvq
Zviv evmwU _vgv‡jv| Avwg wVK eyS‡Z cviwQjvg bv Avgiv
‡Kv_vq hvw”Q| Abygv‡b g‡b n‡jv ‡gvnv¤§`cyi, ‡m‡KÛ
K¨vwcUvj (‡k‡i evsjv bMi) wKsev K¨v›Ubg¨v‡›Ui w`‡K
hv‡”Q|
Ggwbfv‡e NÈvLv‡bK Pjvi ci evm GK RvqMvq _vgj|
Zvici Avgv‡`i nvZ a‡i GKwU N‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv|
ZZ¶‡Y K_vevZ©vq Avwg ‡Ui ‡c‡qwQ Avwg e`i evwnbxi
nv‡Z c‡owQ| LvwbK¶Y ci Avgv‡K I Av‡iv GKRb‡K
DciZjvq wb‡q ‡Mj| `iRv Ly‡j GKwU i“‡gi g‡a¨ av°v
w`‡q ‡d‡j w`j| ûgwo ‡L‡q cojvg ‡g‡Si Dci| wVK
cvKv ‡g‡Si Dci bq, wKQy ‡jv‡Ki Dci| A‡bK K‡ó
‡mvRv n‡q emjvg| Avwg wVK eyS‡Z cviwQjvg bv K‡¶i
Avi me ‡jv‡KiI Avgvi g‡Zv nvZ-‡PvL euvav wKbv| ïay
eyS‡Z cviwQjvg N‡i Avgvi g‡Zv Av‡iv ‡jvK Av‡Q|
Gw`‡K K‡l evuavi Rb¨ Avgvi ‡PvL I Kv‡b `vi“Y hš¿Yv
n‡”Q| Avwg mn¨ Ki‡Z bv ‡c‡i Kvu`‡Z ïi“ K‡iwQ| gv_vq
ïay GKUvB wPš—v- wK K‡i GB ee©i cï‡`i nvZ ‡_‡K evuP‡Z
cvwi| Avwg wK mwZ¨ evuP‡Z cvie?
Avj¬vn Avj¬vn e‡j Avwg D”P¯^‡i Kvu`‡Z jvMjvg| fvewQjvg
‡gvnv¤§`cyi wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs ‡m›Uvi wQ‡jv Avj-e`i‡`i ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi|
gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶i eyw×Rxwe‡`i a‡i GLv‡bB Avbv n‡Zv| AgvbywlK AZ¨vPvi
PjZ Zv‡`i Ici| Avi Zvici iv‡qi evRi I gxicy‡ii wkqvjevwomn
wewfbœ ea¨f~wg‡Z ¸wj K‡i gviv n‡Zv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci wg‡j‡Q Zv‡`i weK…Z
jvk| XvKvi wMÖbj¨vÛ gv‡K©›UvBj e¨vs‡Ki wPd GKvDb‡U›U ‡gvnv¤§`
‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb fvM¨evb| wZwbB GKgvÎ e¨w³ whwb Avj-e`i‡`i nvZ
‡_‡K cvjv‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb| 1971 mv‡ji 21 wW‡m¤^i ‰`wbK evsjvq Qvcv
n‡qwQ‡jv Ôea¨f~wgi AwfÁZvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g Zvi ‡mB Kvwnbx|
e`i evwnbxi ‡jvKiv ‡Zv ï‡bwQ gv`Övmv I Bmjvgx wk¶v ‡_‡K evuPe| K¶wU‡Z ïay GKwU Kvu‡Pi Rvbvjv, Z‡e g‡b
jvB‡bi ‡Q‡j| Avj¬vni AvnvRvwi‡Z hw` e`i evwnbxi n‡jv ‡ek gReyZ| Gj-UvB‡ci wÎZj A_ev PviZjv evwo|
‡jvK‡`i `qv nq| hw` `qvciek n‡q ‡Pv‡Li I nv‡Zi weivU GjvKv ‡`qvj w`‡q ‡Niv| evwowU m¤¢eZ
evuab GKUy Ly‡j ‡`q, wb‡`bc‡¶ GKUy wX‡j K‡i ‡`q| ‡gvnv¤§`cy‡ii wbKUeZ©x GjvKvi ‡Kv_vI n‡e|
A‡bK¶Y Kvu`vi ci ‡K ‡hb Avgvi nv‡Zi evuab Ly‡j w`j|
wdmwdm K‡i ejj- mveavb| nvZ ‡Lvjv ‡`L‡j Avcbv‡K Ggwbfv‡e mvivw`b ‡K‡U ‡Mj| mܨvi w`‡K e`i evwnbx ev
wcwU‡q ‡g‡i ‡dj‡e|Õ KwP KÉ| eySjvg Aíeqmx ‡Kv‡bv ivRvKv‡ii `‡ji ‡jvKRb Av‡iv wKQy ‡jvK‡K a‡i wb‡q
‡Q‡j Ges ‡m e`i evwnbxi ‡KD bq| Avwg ZvovZvwo Gj| mܨvi ci wZb-PviRb ‡jvK Avgv‡`i K‡¶ G‡jv
‡Pv‡Li evuab wX‡j K‡i w`jvg| evuab Ggbfv‡e ivLjvg, wRÁvmvev` Kivi Rb¨| G‡KK K‡i mevB‡K Zviv
hv‡Z- AveQv AveQv ‡`Lv hvq| Gi g‡a¨B ‡`‡L wb‡qwQ, ‡h wRÁvmvev` Kiv ïi“ Kij| ïbjvg, ‡KD ej‡Q Avwg XvKv
Avgvi nv‡Zi evuab Ly‡j w`j AvU-bq eQi eqmx GKwU wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aa¨vcK, ‡KD ejj Avwg Wv³vi, Avwg
‡Q‡j| Zvi `ynv‡Zi Pvgov KvUv| nvZ ‡dvjv| mviv K‡¶ mvsevw`K, Avwg wPd GKvD‡›U›U, Avwg K¤^vBÛ wgwjUvwi
ïay i³ Avi i³| GLb ‡mLv‡b BZ¯—Zfv‡e Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q nvmcvZv‡ji mvR©‡bi ‡Q‡j| ‡jvK¸‡jvi GKRb e‡j DVj,
i‡³ iwÄZ Rvgv I ‡MwÄ| Avgvi g‡Zv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Mv‡qB kvjv, Zywg BDwbfvwm©wUi cÖ‡dmi n‡q GwÏb gš¿ cwo‡q‡Qv,
‡MwÄ| Zv‡`i ‡`‡ni wewfbœ As‡k KvUv‡Qovi `vM| nv‡Zi AvR Avwg ‡Zvgv‡K cove| Zywg ‡Zv Mf‡g©›U Awdmvi,
ev cv‡qi AvOyj KvUv| Kv‡iv ‡`‡n `xN© I Mfxi ¶Z| Kv‡iv miKv‡ii UvKv ‡L‡qQ Avi MvÏvwi K‡iQ| Gevi ‡Ui cv‡e|
nv‡Z nvZ-cv‡qi bL Dc‡o ‡djv n‡q‡Q|
‡Q‡jwU Avgvi nv‡Z Avevi Kvco Rwo‡q evua‡bi gZ K‡i wRÁvmvev‡`i ci ïi“ n‡jv cÖnvi| Ggwb aygavg gvi ‡`qv
w`j| Avwg fvewQjvg- Avwg wK K‡i GB Rj¬v`‡`i nvZ ïi“ n‡jv ‡h wbtk¦vm ‡djviI ‡Rv ‡bB| mevB wPrKvi K‡i
77
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Kvu`‡Q| ‡KD ‡Rv‡i ‡Rv‡i ‡`vqv `i“` co‡Q, Avj¬vni Kv‡Q
dwiqv` Rvbv‡”Q| wKš‘ c︇jvi ‡mw`‡K åy‡¶cI ‡bB|
gvi‡avi K‡i cÖvq AvaNÈv c‡i ‡jvK¸‡jv P‡j ‡M‡jv| gvi
‡L‡q A‡b‡KB A‡PZb n‡q c‡o‡Q| ivZ ZLb Abygvb
`kUv| GK Aa¨vcK mv‡ne Avgvi cv‡k G‡m `vuov‡jb|
‡`qv‡j ‡njvb w`‡q ej‡jb, fvB, Avcbvi nvZ wK ‡Lvjv?
Avgvi evuabUv GKUy wX‡j K‡i ‡`b| jyw½Uv nuvUy ‡_‡K wb‡P
bvwg‡q ‡`b| LvwbKc‡i ‡Kv‡bvKª‡g ‡`qvj ‡Nu‡l e‡m wZwb
A‡PZb n‡q co‡jb|
ivZ `kUv ‡_‡K Abygvb GKUv ch©š— ‡ek K‡qKevi e`i
evwnbxi Rj¬v`iv Avgv‡`i LvwbK cici ‡`‡L ‡Mj| ivZ
cÖvq mv‡o ev‡ivUvq Avgv‡`i DciZjv ‡_‡K K‡qKRb gwn-
jvi AvZ©bv` ‡f‡m Gj| ‡mB AvZ©bv‡`i eY©bv ‡`qv Avgvi
c‡¶ m¤¢e bq| gv‡S gv‡S iv¯—vq Mvwoi kã ïb‡Z ‡cjvg|
gv‡ii ‡Pv‡U cÖvq mevB A‡PZb n‡q c‡o i‡q‡Q| Avwg Ávb
nvivBwb| Avwg Avj¬vn‡K ‡W‡K hvw”Q| ‡klev‡ii g‡Zv
Avj¬vni Kv‡Q Avgvi hw` ‡Kv‡bv ¸Yvn n‡q _v‡K, Zvi Rb¨
cvbvn PvBwQ|
ivZ cÖvq GKUvi mgq cv‡ki N‡i ivB‡d‡ji ¸wj ‡jvW
Kivi kã Ges ‡jvKR‡bi wdm wdm K‡i Avjv‡ci kã
ïb‡Z ‡cjvg| mviv kix‡i Avgvi f‡qi wng‡mÖvZ PwK‡Z
f‡i DVj| LvwbKci GKUv ‡jvK G‡m Avevi Avgv‡`i
‡`‡L ‡M‡jv| Zv‡iv LvwbKci K‡qKRb ‡jvK Avgv‡`i N‡i
XyKj| ZvivB Avgv‡`i N‡ii evB‡i wb‡q Gj|
Gici e`i evwnbxi G‡KKwU cï Avgv‡`i `yRb `yRb K‡i
a‡i wmuwo w`‡q wb‡P bvwg‡q Avbj| wZbwU ev‡m Zviv
Avgv‡`i mevB‡K wb‡q Zyjj| Zv‡`i nvefve, wdmwdm K‡i
K_vevZ©v ï‡b g‡b n‡jv- Avi i¶v bvB| evm ‡Q‡o w`j,
ev‡mi me KwU Rvbvjv DVv‡bv| eyS‡Z cvijvg, Avgv‡`i
‡Kv_vq wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q| wKQy¶Y ci evm G‡m _vgj
KZ¸‡jv N‡ii cv‡k| N‡ii `iRv ‡ek eo eo Ges
‡KvbvKywb jvwV w`‡q AvUKv‡bv| wKš‘ Zviv Avgv‡`i N‡i bv
XywK‡q a‡i wb‡q Pjj| ‡KŠk‡j ‡Pv‡Li evuab AvjMv ivLvi
my‡hvM n‡jv e‡j ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg mvg‡b weivU GK eUMvQ,
Zvi m¤§y‡L GKwU weivU wej, gv‡S gv‡S ‡Kv_vI cyKy‡ii
gZ i‡q‡Q| eUMv‡Qi Av‡iv Kv‡Q wM‡q ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg 130
‡_‡K 140 Rb ‡jvK‡K ewm‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| Gi gv‡S GK
dvu‡K my‡hvM ey‡S Avwg Avgvi ci‡bi jyw½ nuvUyi Dci DwV‡q
‡i‡LwQ| ‡PvL euvav Ae¯’vqI Avwg ‡h ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q Zv e`i
evwnbxi ‡jv‡Kiv eyS‡Z cv‡iwb| e`i evwnbxi ‡jvKR‡bi
nvefv‡e w¯’i wbwðZ njvg, Avgv‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨B
GLv‡b wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Avwg GLb Avgvi mgMÖ ‡PZbv
‡K›`Öxf~Z K‡i fvewQ- wK K‡i evuPv hvq|
‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg- e`i evwnbxi cïiv Avgvi mvg‡bi ‡jvK‡`i
nvZ `wo w`‡q evua‡Q| Avgv‡`i g‡Zv ew›` GKRb wPrKvi
K‡i e‡j DV‡jb- Avcbviv evOvjx n‡q Avgv‡`i gvi‡Qb!
‡Kv‡bv cvÄvwe hw` gviZ Zvn‡jI bv nq eyS‡Z cviZvg,
‡Kb Avgv‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb? Avgiv wK Ab¨vq K‡iwQ?
f`Ö‡jv‡Ki Mv‡q ivB‡d‡ji GK Nv w`‡q e`i evwnbxi GK
Rj¬v` M‡R© DVj- Pyc Ki kvjv| ‡K ‡hb GKRb e‡j DVj-
Avgv‡K ‡Q‡o w`b, `k nvRvi UvKv ‡`e| ‡Kvb GK gwnjv
wPrKvi w`‡q e‡j DV‡jb- Avcbviv Avgvi evc, fvB|
Avgv‡K gvi‡eb bv| Pvwiw`‡K gvZg, AvnvRvwi, Zv eY©bvi
fvlv Avgvi ‡bB| mvg‡bi ‡jvK‡`i `‡j `‡j fvM K‡i
Zviv dvKv gv‡V wb‡q hvIqv ïi“ Kij| Avgvi mviv kixi
‡hb f‡q R‡g hv‡”Q| wKš‘ GiB g‡a¨ Avwg euvPvi Avkvq
cvjvevi m¤¢ve¨ me Dcvq fve‡Z ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ| g‡b
n‡”Q- ‡Kvb Dcvq Avi ‡bB|
Avevi g‡b n‡”Q, evPvi wK ‡Kv‡bv Dcvq ‡bB! Rj¬v`‡`i
GKRb Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m `vuovj| Avgvi ‡cQ‡bi ‡jv‡Ki
‡MwÄi m‡½ ‡m Avgvi ‡MwÄ fv‡jv K‡i ‡e‡a w`j| nVvr ‡m
mgq ‡cQ‡bi ‡jvKwU e‡j DVj- AvwRR fvB Zywg! Zywg
Avgv‡K gvi‡Z wb‡q G‡m‡Qv! Zywg _vK‡Z Avgv‡K ‡g‡i
‡dj‡e! Avd‡mvm| ivB‡djavix ‡jvKwU ‡Kvb K_v bv e‡j
P‡j ‡Mj|
Gw`‡K ‡eq‡bU w`‡q Rj¬v‡`i `j Zv‡`i nZ¨vjxjv ïi“ K‡i
w`‡q‡Q| Qyo‡Q ¸wj| Pviw`‡K AvZ©wPZKvi, gv‡S gv‡S
Rj¬v`‡`i ‡KD wPrKvi K‡i e‡j DV‡Q- kvjv‡`i LZg K‡i
‡dj| me e¨vUv‡`i LZg K‡i ‡dje| gv‡S gv‡S ‡f‡m
Avm‡Q AvZ©wPrKv‡ii m‡½ ‰ckvwPK nvwm| Ggb bviKxq
ZvÛejxjvi g‡a¨ Avwg RxebcY K‡i Avgvi nv‡Zi evuab
Ly‡j ‡djjvg| Avgvi mvg‡bi cÖvq wZwikRb‡K ZZ¶‡Y
mvg‡bi gv‡V LZg K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q e`i evwn-
bxi cïiv| GK nv‡Z Avwg Avgvi ‡MwÄi wMuU
Lyjjvg| evunv‡Zi `woi evuab Ly‡j `woUv nv‡Zi
wb‡P Pvcv w`‡q ivLjvg| nvZ Avevi ‡cQ‡b w`‡q ivLjvg|
e`i evwnbxi GK `m¨y Avgvi mvg‡bi K‡qKRb ‡jvK wb‡q
ZLb e¨¯—| ‡K ‡hb e‡j DV‡jb- Avj¬vni Kv‡Q ‡Zviv `vqx
_vKwe| jvBjvnv Bj¬vj¬vû gynv¤§v`yi ivmyjvj¬n| gv‡Mv...|
Avwg Avgvi ‡Pv‡Li euva‡bi KvcowU mwi‡q ‡d‡j Lye ‡Rv‡i
‡`Šo w`jvg| cÖvq nvZ Kywo hvIqvi ci ÔGB GBÕ e‡j
nvuKWvK ïb‡Z ‡cjvg| Avgvi ZLb ‡Kv‡bv w`‡K ‡Lqvj
‡bB| ïb‡Z ‡cjvg ¸oyg ¸oyg K‡i `y‡Uv AvIqvR|
AÜKv‡i cÖvq 40 MR hvIqvi ci mvg‡b coj Kv`v|
K`©gv³ RvqMvwU cvi nIqvi mgq Avevi `ywU ¸wji AvIqvR
ïbjvg| wKš‘ AÜKv‡i Zv‡`i j¶¨åó n‡jv| Avwg Kv`vi
g‡a¨ c‡o ‡Mjvg| cÖvq 3 dyU Mfxi cvwb| mg¯— kw³
wb‡qvM K‡i Avwg cvwb ‡V‡j mvg‡b GwM‡q ‡h‡Z jvMjvg|
LvwbK¶Y ‡Póvi ci ïK‡bv RvqMv ‡cjvg| D‡V Avevi
‡`Šov‡bv ïi“ Kijvg| `~i ‡_‡K Avgvi w`‡K U‡P©i GK
SjK Av‡jv ‡f‡m G‡jv| Avevi `ywU ¸wji kã| mv‡_ mv‡_
Avwg KvZ n‡q c‡o ‡Mjvg| Mov‡Z Mov‡Z c‡o ‡Mjvg
Avevi cvwbi g‡a¨| cÖvYc‡Y mvZvi ‡K‡U GwM‡q Pjjvg|
Gici ïK‡bv wej Avi b`x ‡cwi‡q GwM‡q Pjjvg| Mv‡q
kw³ ‡bB, wKš‘ ZLb Avwg w`Kåvš—| wbivcËvi Rb¨ b`xi
cv‡i bv D‡V DRv‡b GwM‡q Pjjvg| iv‡Zi ZLb ‡ewk ‡`wi
‡bB| LvwbK ci D‡V cojvg b`x ‡_‡K| evwK ivZUv
KvwU‡q w`jvg b`xi Zx‡i GK Sycwo‡Z| mKv‡j ‡iv` IVvi
ci Pviw`‡K ZvwK‡q ‡`Ljvg| eyS‡Z cvijvg bv ‡Kv_vq
G‡mwQ| MÖv‡gi Avfvm ‡hw`‡K ‡cjvg ‡mw`K cv‡b GwM‡q
Pjjvg|
LvwbKci ïbjvg Kviv ‡hb Avgv‡K WvK‡Q| cÖ_‡g fq
‡c‡jI c‡i eySjvg Giv MÖvgevmx| Zv‡`i me ejjvg|
eUMv‡Qi weeiY w`‡Z Zviv ejj- IUv iv‡qi evRvi Nv‡Ui
eUMvQ| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K c‡i Avwg AvwUi evRv‡i gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri
KgvÛv‡ii mv‡_ ‡`Lv Kwi| wZwb Avgvi _vKv LvIqvi e¨e¯’v
Ki‡jb| `yÕw`b ci wd‡i Gjvg ¯^vaxb evsjvi ivRavbx‡Z|
ZL‡bv eywSwb, GL‡bv eyS‡Z Kó n‡”Q ‡h wbwðZ g…Z¨yi nvZ
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evevi cvÛywjwc I wKQy cÖv_wgK aviYv...

mvaviY wbq‡gB DËim~ixiv Zv‡`i c~e©m~ix‡`i ‡P‡q Ávbx fv‡eb| KviYI
Av‡Q, mgq Zv‡`i Ávb‡K mg…× K‡i| ‡Zv Avgv‡`i ¸wô‡Z e¨vcviUv Av‡iv
RwUj| ‡R‡bwUKvwj Avwg, Avgvi evev, `v`v I Zm¨ evev mK‡jB es‡ki eo
‡Q‡j Ges GKB m‡½ evev hv ej‡eb Zvi D‡ëv c‡_ hvÎv|
`v`yi evev ‡P‡qwQ‡jb ‡Q‡j‡K wb‡Ri KvV, mycvwi-cvb e¨emvq jvMv‡Z, Dwb
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K‡iwQ‡jb| Avgvi evev‡K wb‡q Zvi mva wQj, ‡Q‡j‡K Zv‡j‡e G‡jg
evbv‡eb| evev K¬vm dvBf ch©š— wcZ…f³ ‡_‡K evwo ‡_‡K cvjv‡jb| ‡kl
ch©š— n‡jb Wv³vi| Ibvi mva AvwgI Zvi g‡Zv nB| wKš‘ Avgvi B‡”Q
wQj Kw¤úDUvi BwÄwbqvi nIqvi| ey‡q‡U wUwKwb, wKš‘ ‡QvU gvgv
Wv. ‡gvnv¤§` kwdKyi ingvb ‡d¬vwiWvq me e¨e¯’v cvKv Kivi ciI Avgv‡K ‡Rvi K‡i ‡i‡L ‡`Iqv
n‡jv Zvi mva ‡gUv‡Z| n‡jv ‡Nvovi wWg| AvwgI wbwnwjRg Kvh©Ki
Kijvg ‡ckv e`wj‡q|
hv‡nvK, GKUv e¨vcv‡i Avgvi evevi Ici Zygyj kÖ×v, ‡mUv gyw³hy‡×i
Rb¨| Dwb e›`yK nv‡Z ‡bbwb, wKš‘ ‡hfv‡e m¤¢e, Zvi mv‡a¨i g‡a¨
Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb- GgbwK GKevi cÖvY wecbœ nIqvi ciI|
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cª¨vKwUm, N‡i Pyjv R¡‡j wK R¡‡j bv| evev ‡Kv‡Ì‡K GKUv
UvBcivBUvi G‡b LULUvLU Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg,
Zywg bZyb Kx w`”Q hv Ab¨iv ‡`qwb? KviY ‡idv‡iÝ ‡idv‡iÝ
jvM‡Q ‡Zvgvi K_v¸‡jv| eis Zywg GKRb eyw×Rxwe wn‡m‡e hy‡×i
mgqKvi AwfÁZvi K_v wjL| Ibvi DËi, Avwg ‡Kv‡bv Mí Dcb¨vm
wjLwQ bv| GUv BwZnvm, Avi ‡mUv mwZ¨ e‡jB evRv‡i Av‡iv 100
eB‡qi m‡½ Gi Awgj cvwe bv nq‡Zv| wKš‘ Avwg Gfv‡eB wjLe|
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RyjvB gviv ‡M‡Qb evev| Zvi Av‡MB ‡kl K‡i ‡M‡Qb Bs‡iwR I evsjvq
Zvi cvÛywjwc| Dwb D`y©-dvwm©‡ZI mgvb cvi`k©x wQ‡jb|
hv‡nvK, cvÊywjwcwU Kw¤úDUv‡i K‡¤úvR Ki‡Z wM‡q Avgvi Rvwb ‡Kgb
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hw` Kv‡R jv‡M evevi ‡Kv‡bv ‡idv‡iÝ, ¯^M© ‡_‡K wbðqB Z…wßi nvwm
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ev‡UvqvivDËiKv‡ji ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i GB ‡jLvi MwÛ‡Z
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AwZKªg K‡i, wbijm msMÖvg Ki‡Z n‡qwQj G‡`‡ki
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cvwK¯—v‡bi GKgvÎ ivóÖfvlv| H gv‡mi 24 ZvwiL XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi KvR©b n‡j AbywôZ mgveZ©b Abyôv‡b wRbœvn
mv‡ne GKB Dw³ K‡ib| evOvjxiv ey‡S wbj cvwK¯—vb m…wói
m‡½ ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi mgvwß N‡Uwb| eis bZyb fv‡e ïi“
n‡jv| Hw`b G‡`‡ki QvÎ mgvR cÖwZev‡`i So ‡Zv‡j|
1949 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q 4_© ‡kÖYx Kg©Pvix‡`i ag©NU
ïi“ n‡jv| w`bvRcyi I ivRkvnx‡Z QvÎ we‡¶vf ‡`Lv w`j|
1951 mv‡j wjqvKZ Avjx Lv‡bi msweavb m¤úwK©Z wi‡cv‡U©i
wei“‡× RbMY cÖwZev`g~Li n‡q DVj| QvÎ-RbZv beD`¨‡g
Svwc‡q coj ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g| ïi“ n‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vjb|
Gj Agi 21 ‡deÖyqvwi| QvÎRbZvi wgwQj Avi ‡k¬vMv‡b gyLi
n‡q DVj ivRc_| ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x byi“j Avwg‡bi ûKy‡g
cywjk QvÎ-RbZvi Ici ¸wj Pvjvj| XvKvi ivRc_ iwÄZ
n‡jv knx` mvjvg-ReŸvi-iwdK-eiKZ cÖgyL QvÎ RbZvi
ey‡Ki i‡³| c…w_exi BwZnv‡m gvZ…fvlvi Rb¨ GB cÖ_g
i³`vb| Zv‡`i GB AvZ¥vûwZ evOvjxi ¯^vaxKvi Av‡›`vjb‡K
Av‡iv GwM‡q wb‡q ‡Mj| ‡`ke¨vcx ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK,
mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡jv| 1954 mv‡j
mvaviY wbe©vPb n‡jv| Gj 92-K aviv, 1956 mv‡j cvwK¯—
v‡bi kvmbZš¿ iwPZ n‡jv| ‡mBm‡½ ïi“ n‡jv ¯^vqZ¡ kvm‡bi
`vwe| 1958 mv‡j AvBqye Lvb mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Ki‡jb|
1962 mv‡j nvwg`yi ingv‡bi KyL¨vZ wk¶vKwgkb wi‡cvU©‡K
wN‡i wk¶vbxwZ we‡ivax QvÎ Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡jv| Avwg ZLb
XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri ‡kl e‡l©i QvÎ|
gv‡P©i DËvj w`b¸‡jv
4 gvP© cÖ‡`ke¨vcx mKj miKvwi I ‡emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡b c~Y©
niZvj cvwjZ nq| GBw`b KivwP‡Z Gqvi gvk©vj (Ae)
AvmMi Lvb ej‡jb, 'ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi ‡cÖ¶vc‡U G gyn~‡Z©
msL¨vMwiô `‡ji Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i K‡i ‡`‡ki msnwZ i¶v
Kiv Acwinvh¨©|' ‡Kv‡qUvi b¨vc ‡bZv Lvb Iqvjx Lvb ej‡jb,
'RvZxq cwil‡`i cÖ¯—vweZ Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ
‡NvlYv AMYZvwš¿K I AevwÃZ| jv‡nv‡i Rbve gvwjK ‡mvjvg
wRjvbx ‡NvlYv Ki‡jb, 'GLb Avgiv Ggb GK cwiw¯’wZi
m¤§yLxb n‡qwQ, hLb cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡j Awej‡¤^
msL¨v¸i“ `‡ji nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Qvov Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv Dcvq
‡bB|'
5 gvP© mg¯— cÖ‡`ke¨vcx ‡kL gywR‡ei AvnŸv‡b niZvj cvwjZ
n‡jv| mvsevw`K ms¯’v msnwZ Rvwb‡q mfv I ‡kvfvhvÎv
Ki‡jb| evsjv GKv‡Wwg‡Z wkíx‡`i mfv n‡jv| Zviv
Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ c~Y© mg_©b cÖKvk Ki‡jb| c~e© cvwK¯—vb QvÎ
BDwbqb mfv Kij knx` wgbv‡i, Zviv AvgiY msMÖv‡gi kc_
MÖnY Ki‡jb|
Ggwbfv‡e i‡³i c_ a‡i GwM‡q Pjj DËß gvP©| ïi“ n‡jv
me©vZ¥K msMÖvg, Avi Gi cÂg w`‡b U½x‡Z kÖwgK-RbZvi
wgwQ‡ji Ici ¸wj Pvjvq ee©i nvbv`viiv| G‡Z PviRb wbnZ
I 14 Rb AvnZ nq| ¸i“Zi AvnZ Ae¯’vq nvmcvZv‡j
‡bIqvi c‡_ gviv hvb iwdRDwÏb (35) I nvmcvZv‡j ‡kl
wbtk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib Ave`yj gwZb (30)|
cÖ‡`‡ki wewfbœ ‡Rjvq Av‡›`vjb Qwo‡q
coj| ‡mw`b PÆMÖv‡g ‡mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z
wbn‡Zi msL¨v `vuovj `y'k evBk (222)| h‡kv‡i
cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` n‡jb GKRb, iscyi I ivRkvnx‡ZI
KviwdD ejeZ Kiv n‡jv| bvivqbMÄ kn‡i GK weivU
Rbmfv Av‡qvwRZ nq| mfv ‡k‡l ‡ei“j wekvj GK Rw½ jvwV
wgwQj| ‡mw`b XvKvq wkíx I mvwnwZ¨K‡`i GK mfv AbywôZ
n‡jv| Zviv ¯^vaxbZv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ me©vZ¥K msMÖv‡gi kc_
wb‡jb| Zv‡`i ‡k¬vMvb n‡jv, '‡jL‡Ki ‡jLbx n‡e msMÖv‡gi
nvwZqvi'| GQvov Av‡iv A‡bK mfv ‡kvfvhvÎv I gkvj wgwQj
n‡jv| G MYRvMiY‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ wbôyi I `ya©l©
‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb bZyb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK I Mfb©i
wn‡m‡e 5 gvP© XvKvq Av‡mb| wKš‘ 7 gvP© '71 nvB‡Kv‡U©i
ZrKvjxb cÖavb wePvicwZ wmsnü`q Rbve we, G, wmwÏKx
‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi Mfb©i c‡` env‡ji kc_ MÖnY Abyôvb
cwiPvjbvq A¯^xK…wZ Rvwb‡q BwZnv‡mi cvZvq exi evOvjxi
`ytmvnwmKZvi `…óvš— ‡i‡L ‡M‡jb|
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgveZ©b Drm‡e Mfb©i ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi
wei“‡× QvÎ we‡¶vf ‡`Lv w`j 1964 mv‡j| 1966 mv‡j ‡kL
gywRei ingvb ïi“ Ki‡jb Zvi HwZnvwmK Q'`dv Av‡›`vjb|
1966 mv‡ji 8‡g K‡qKRb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZvmn ‡kL
gywRei ingvb‡K e›`x Kiv nq| ‡m eQi 13‡g I 7 Ryb
h_vKª‡g AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv‡`i gyw³i `vwe‡Z I Q'`dvi
mc‡¶ cÖ‡`ke¨vcx c~Y© niZvj cvwjZ nq| wgwQ‡ji Ici
cywjk I BwcAvi evwnbx ‡ec‡ivqv ¸wj Pvjvq| XvKvmn
cÖ‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b eû ‡jvK nZvnZ nq|
Q'`dv I AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjv
7Ryb 1968 mv‡j ‡Rj ‡_‡K gyw³i ci ‡kL gywRei ingvb‡K
AvMiZjv gvgjvi Avmvgx wn‡m‡e ‡Rj‡MU ‡_‡KB cybivq
e›`x Kiv nq| 1969 mv‡ji 15 ‡deÖyqvwi AvMiZjv lohš¿
gvgjvi Ab¨Zg Avmvwg mv‡R©›U Rûi“j nK‡K ‡RjnvR‡ZB
wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| ee©i cvK`my¨iv ivRkvnx
wek¦we`¨vjq PZ¡‡i W±i kvgm& DR& ‡Rvnv‡K wbôyifv‡e ‡eq‡bU
w`‡q LuywP‡q nZ¨v K‡i| ‰¯^ivPvix AvBqye kvnxi wei“‡× QvÎ-
RbZvi Av‡Kªvk I ‡¶vf GK fqven iƒc wbj| Zviv XvKvq
gwb©s wbDR I ‰`wbK cvwK¯—vb (c‡i ‰`wbK evsjv) Awdm
81
m~wPcÎ |
cywo‡q w`j| e¨vcK miKvix m¤úwË webó n‡jv| cÖ‡`ke¨vcx
MYRvMi‡Yi ‡Rvqvi Gj, Dcvqvš—i bv ‡`‡L ‰¯^ivPvix
kvmKPKª mvܨ AvBb Rvwi K‡i ‡mbvevwnbx Zje Kij|
KviwdD AMÖvn¨ K‡i wgwQ‡ji ci wgwQj ‡ei“j| cÖej GB
we‡¶v‡fi gy‡L msMÖvgx RbZvi Kv‡Q bwZ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨
n‡jv AvBqye miKvi, AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i
wb‡Z eva¨ n‡jv Zviv| '69 mv‡ji 22 ‡deÖyqvwi ‡kL gywRemn
lohš¿ gvgjvi me Avmvwg‡KB gyw³ ‡`Iqv nq| ‡mw`b
we‡K‡j ‡im‡Kv‡m© (‡mvnivIqvw`© D`¨v‡b) GK weivU Rbmfvq
fvlY ‡`b ‡kL gywRe| Gici wZwb I gIjvbv fvmvbx AvBqye
Lv‡bi cÖ¯—vweZ ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eV‡K ‡hvM`v‡bi Rb¨
ivIqvjwcwÛ Mgb K‡ib| RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Ævmn cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ab¨vb¨ ‡bZvivI GB ‰eV‡K Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb|
GLv‡b ‡kL gywRe Zvi HwZnvwmK 6 `dv cybivq DÌvcb
K‡ib| ‡KDB Zvi GB cÖ¯—ve gvbj bv| Ggwb K‡i AvBqye
Lv‡bi cÖ¯—vweZ ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eVK e¨_© n‡q hvq|
‰¯^ivPvix Bqvwnqvi AvMgb
ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ mvgjv‡Z e¨_© n‡q ¶gZv ‡_‡K ‡b‡g hvb
wdì gvk©vj AvBqye Lvb Avi m‡½ m‡½ Zvi RvqMv ‡bb Av‡iK
Rvš—v Bqvwnqv Lvb| ¶gZvq G‡mB mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi K‡ib
wZwb| RvwZi cÖwZ ‡`Iqv fvl‡Y Bqvwnqv Lvb 1970 mv‡j
‡`‡k mvaviY wbe©vPb I RbM‡bi wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwai nv‡Z
¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii cÖwZkÖ“wZ `vb K‡ib|
1970 mv‡ji 12 b‡f¤^i iv‡Î c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi `w¶Yv‡ji
Ici GK cÖjqKvix N~wY©So I me©bvkv mvgyw`ÖK R‡jv”Qvm
AvNvZ nvbj| cÖK…wZi GB wbôyicbvq `k j¶ ‡jvK cÖvY
nvivq| ‡mB m‡½ M…nnxb nq Av‡iv wÎk jvL| G fqven
`y‡h©v‡Mi Lei ‡c‡q wek¦evmx KíbvZxZ ÎvY mieivn wb‡q
GwM‡q Gj| wKš‘ ‡K›`Öxq miKvi iBj m¤ú~Y© wbie `k©‡Ki
f~wgKvq| ‡KD mvgvb¨ mg‡e`bv ‡`Lv‡Z `~M©Z GjvKvq GKwU
‡mŠRb¨ mdi ch©š— Kij bv| gIjvbv fvmvbx Zvi wKQymsL¨K
Kg©x wb‡q `~M©Z GjvKv cwi`k©b K‡ib Ges MVb K‡ib wiwjd
KwgwU| ‡kL gywRe `yM©Z GjvKvq GKbvMv‡o bqw`b Qy‡U
‡eov‡jb| wZwb RbMY‡K mvš—¡bv I Kg©x‡`i gva¨‡g wiwjd
‡`Iqvi mva¨g‡Zv ‡Póv Pvjv‡jb| 26 b‡f¤^i XvKvq wd‡i
wZwb ZrKvjxb kvnevM ‡nv‡U‡j cÖvq `y‡kv ‡`wk-we‡`kx
mvsevw`K‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z GK msev` m‡¤§j‡b Bs‡iwR‡Z
‡jLv wee…wZ‡Z `~M©Z GjvKvq Zvi md‡ii AwfÁZv eY©bv
K‡ib| ‡mLv‡b wZwb ‡K›`Öxq miKvi I cwðg cvwK¯—vbx
ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv‡`i c~e© evsjvi cÖwZ wegvZvm~jf AvPi‡Yi
ZxeÖ mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i N…Y¨ Acivax I
Dcwb‡ekev‡`i '‡PjvPvgyÊv' e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib|
HwZnvwmK 7B gvP©
7 gvP© '71 mKv‡j ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi m‡½ Zvi evmfe‡b
cvwK¯—v‡b wbhy³ gvwK©b ivóÖ`~Z mv¶vZ K‡ib| G ‰eV‡K
ivóÖ`~Z Zvi miKv‡ii wm×v‡š—i K_v ‡kL gywRe‡K cwi®‹vi
Rvwb‡q ‡`b, Zv n‡jv- 'c~e© evsjvi ¯^‡NvwlZ ¯^vaxbZv hy³ivóÖ
KL‡bvB mg_©b Ki‡e bv| Gw`‡K XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
(‡jv‡K ‡jvKviY¨) we‡Kj cÖvq mv‡o PviUvq e½eÜy g‡Â
G‡jb| Zvi HwZnvwmK ‡mB e³…Zvi Ask we‡kl GLv‡b Zy‡j
aiwQ :
...1952 mv‡j Avgiv i³ w`‡qwQ| 1954 mv‡j
wbe©vP‡b Rqjvf K‡iI Avgiv Mw`‡Z em‡Z cvwi-
wb| 1958 mv‡j AvBDe Lvu gvk©vj 'j Rvwi K‡i 10 eQi
Avgv‡`i ‡Mvjvg K‡i ‡i‡L‡Q|...... ‡`‡L hvb Kxfv‡e Avgvi
Mix‡ei Ici, Avgvi evsjvi gvby‡li Ici ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Kxfv‡e Avgvi gv‡qi ‡Kvj Lvwj Kiv n‡q‡Q| wK K‡i gvbyl‡K
nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvgwiK AvBb gvk©vj 'j DB_WÖ Ki‡Z
n‡e| mg¯— mvgwiK evwnbxi ‡jvK‡`i e¨viv‡K ‡diZ cvVv‡Z
n‡e| Avi RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwai Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Ki‡Z
n‡e| Avi Zvici Avgiv we‡ePbv K‡i ‡`Le Avgiv
G‡m¤^wj‡Z em‡Z cvie Kxbv| Gi c~‡e© Avgiv G‡m¤^wj‡Z
em‡Z cvwi bv..... Avwg cÖavbgš¿xZ¡ PvB bv, ‡`‡ki gvby‡li
AwaKvi PvB| Avwg cwi®‹vi A¶‡i e‡j w`evi PvB, AvR ‡_‡K
GB evsjv‡`‡k ‡KvU© KvPvwi, Av`vjZ, ‡dŠR`vix wk¶v
cÖwZôvb Awbw`©ó Kv‡ji Rb¨ eÜ _vK‡e|...... Gici hw`
GKUv ¸wjI P‡j, Gici hw` Avgvi ‡jvK‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nq,
Zvn‡j ‡Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Aby‡iva iBj- cÖ‡Z¨K N‡i N‡i `~M©
M‡o ‡Zvj| ‡Zvgv‡`i hv wKQy Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q kÎyi ‡gvKv‡ejv
Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges Rxe‡bi Z‡i iv¯—vNvU me wKQy Avwg hw`
ûKyg w`evi bvI cvwi, ‡Zvgiv eÜ K‡i ‡`‡e| Avgiv fv‡Z
gvie, Avgiv cvwb‡Z gvie| ‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i fvB- ‡Zvgiv
e¨viv‡K _vK| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡KD wKQy ej‡e bv| wKš‘ Avi Avgvi
ey‡Ki Ici ¸wj Kievi ‡Póv K‡iv bv| mvZ ‡KvwU gvbyl‡K
`vev‡q ivL‡Z cviev bv|.....Ges ‡Zvgv‡`i hv wKQy Av‡Q Zv
wb‡q cÖ¯—yZ _vK| i³ hLb w`‡qwQ, i³ Av‡iv ‡`‡ev| GB
‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K gy³ K‡i Qvoe BbkvAvj¬vn| Gev‡ii msMÖvg
Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg| Rq
evsjv|'
(Avgvi ‡hvM : evev e³…Zvi nvBjvBU¸‡jv Zy‡j ai‡Qb|)
GB Rbmfvq ‡kL gywRe e³…Zv `vbKv‡j Pvi `dv `vwei K_v
DÌvcb K‡ib- 1. mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi| 2. ‡mbvevwnbxi
e¨viv‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b| 3. wbnZ‡`i Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY| 4.
cÖwZwbwa‡`i nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i|
‡im‡Kv‡m© 7 gv‡P©i GB fvlY XvKv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K mivmwi
m¤cÖPvi nevi K_v wQj| XvKv ‡eZv‡ii AvÂwjK cwiPvjK
Rbve AvkivdD¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Zvi cÖ¯—ywZI ‡bIqv
n‡qwQj| wKš‘ mvgwiK Rvš—vi PKªv‡š— ‡mw`b Zv m¤cÖPvwiZ
nqwb| I-we wUg ‡Uc‡iKW©v‡i fvlYwU cy‡iv ‡Uc K‡i ‡bq|
Rbve Avkivd ‡im‡Kvm© gq`vb ‡_‡K wd‡i ‡eZv‡ii me
82
m~wPcÎ |
Kvh©Kªg eÜ K‡i ‡`b Ges mevB‡K ‡ewi‡q hvIqvi wb‡`©k
‡`b| d‡j 7 gvP© '71 XvKv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi Z…Zxq Awa‡ekb
cÖPvwiZ nqwb| ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb I Aj-BwÛqv ‡iwWIi
BwZnv‡m GUvB cÖ_g Amn‡hv‡Mi NUbv| iv‡Zi g‡a¨B
e½eÜyi ‡iKW©K…Z fvlY cÖPv‡ii k‡Z© mg‡SvZv nq| ciw`b
8 gvP© mKvj mv‡o AvUUvq ‡iKW©K…Z cy‡iv fvlYwU XvKv
‡eZvi ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvi Kiv nq| GKB m‡½ Zv m¤cÖPvwiZ nq
cÖ‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡KI| wKš‘ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi
‡Uwj‡dv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ GB e³…Zv cy‡ivUv wj‡L ‡bq| GB
AmvaviY KvRwU m¤¢e nq evZ©v m¤úv`K myjZvb Avjx, mn-
m¤úv`K bRi“j Bmjvg I Abyôvb msMVK Avãyj nvwjg
mi`v‡ii Amxg mvnwmKZvq| Zv‡`i exi‡Z¡ I mwKªq
mn‡hvwMZvq 7 gvP©B mܨv mv‡o QqUvq PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi
¯’vbxq msev‡` c~Y© Z_¨weeiYx cÖPvwiZ nq| msev` cvVK
wQ‡jb e`i“j û`v ‡PŠayix|
7B gvP© '71i miKvix ‡cÖm‡bvU
'MZ GK mßv‡n cÖ‡`‡ki bvbv RvqMvq msN‡l© wbnZ nq 172
I AvnZ nq 358 Rb| PÆMÖvg, Lyjbv, iscyi, h‡kvi I
ivRkvnx‡Z msNl© nq| 6 gvP© '71 XvKv ‡K›`Öxq KvivMvi ‡f‡O
K‡qw`iv cjvqb Kivi ‡Póv Ki‡j cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z 7 Rb
wbnZ nq| Lyjbv I h‡kv‡i RbZv ‰mb¨evnx ‡UÖb AvKªgY
K‡i| ivRkvnx, Lyjbv I h‡kv‡i ‡Uwj‡dvb feb AvKªvš— nq|
PÆMÖvg I ‰mq`cy‡i evOvjx I AevOvjx‡`i g‡a¨ `vi“Y msNl©
nq| Gme Kvi‡Y kvwš— k…sLjv wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mvgwiK evwnbx
¸wjel©Y K‡i|' 7 gvP© iv‡ZB e½eÜy ‡kL gywRei ingvb `vwe
Av`vq bv nIqv ch©š— Awnsm Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi AvnŸvb
Rvbv‡jb| GB g‡g© 10 `dv Kg©m~Px cÖKvwkZ nq| AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K Rbve ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g` Awnsm
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb‡K Ae¨vnZ ivLvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q Av‡iv
14 `dv Kg©m~Pxi K_v ‡NvlYv Ki‡jb|
gRjyg Rb‡bZv fvmvbx I 9 gvP©
GBiKg DËß cwiw¯’wZ‡Z 9 gvP© '71 XvKvi cë‡bi Rbmfvq
gRjyg Rb‡bZv gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx c~e© evsjvi
¯^vaxbZv I mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i j‡¶¨ cÖ‡`ke¨vcx msMÖv‡gi AvnŸvb
Rvbv‡jb| wZwb evsjv‡`‡k RvZxq miKvi MV‡bi `vex
Zyj‡jb| `…ßK‡É ‡NvlYv w`‡jb, 'GKw`b fvi‡Zi ey‡K
MYnZ¨v Kwiqv, RvwjqvbIqvjvev‡Mi gg©vwš—K BwZnvm iPbv
Kwiqv, AZ¨vPvi AwePv‡ii eb¨v envBqv w`qvI cÖej
civKªgkvjx weÖwUk miKvi ‡kl i¶vq m¶g nq bvB| ‡kl
ch©š— Zvnv‡`i ïf eyw×i D`q nBqv‡Q| cvK-fviZ
Dcgnv‡`k‡K kÎy‡Z cwiYZ bv Kwiqv m¤úÖxwZ I ‡mŠnv‡`¨©i
g‡a¨ mwiqv hvIqvB Zvnviv g½jKi g‡b Kwiqv‡Qb|......
‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv‡KI ZvB ewj- A‡bK nBqv‡Q Avi bq|
wZ³Zv evovBqv Avi jvf bvB| 'jvKyg ØxbyKyg Iqvj Bqv Øxb,
‡Zvgvi ag© ‡Zvgvi, Avgvi ag© Avgvi'-Gi wbq‡g c~e© evsjvi
¯^vaxbZv ¯^xKvi Kwiqv jI|.... gywR‡ei wb‡`©kg‡Zv AvMvgx
25 Zvwi‡Li g‡a¨ ‡Kv‡bv wKQy Kiv bv nB‡j Avwg ‡kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi m‡½ wgwjqv 1952 mv‡ji b¨vq Zygyj Av‡›`vjb ïi“
Kwie| LvgvLv ‡Kn gywRe‡K Awek¦vm Kwi‡eb bv| gywRe‡K
Avwg fv‡jv Kwiqv wPwb|'
9gvP© '71 L›`Kvi bvRgyj Avjg‡K mfvcwZ K‡i PÆMÖvg
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi msMÖvg KwgwU MwVZ nq| GB mwgwZ 11 gvP©
me©m¤§wZ‡Z w¯’i K‡ib ‡h Awej‡¤^ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi
me©¯—‡i h_vm¤¢e evsjvfvlv Pvjy Kiv n‡e|
GBw`b gIjvbv gydwZ gvngy‡`i mfvcwZ‡Z¡ cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
wbe©vwPZ msL¨vjNy `j¸‡jvi cÖwZwbwaiv GK mfvq wgwjZ nb|
Zviv ‡kL gywR‡ei 4 `dv `vwei cÖwZ mg_©b Rvbvb Ges
miKvi MVb I msweavb cÖYq‡bi `vwqZ¡ msL¨vMwiô `‡ji
‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K Ac©‡Yi cÖ¯—ve K‡ib| Zviv
Bqvwnqv-gywRe mivmwi ‰eV‡KiI `vwe Rvbvb|
15 gvP© '71 RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv GK msev` m‡¤§j‡b
ej‡jb, 'wccjm cvwU© cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi msL¨v ¸i“| ZvB
‡K‡›`Öi ¶gZv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b AvIqvgx wj‡Mi Kv‡Q Avi cwðg
cvwK¯—v‡b wccjm cvwU©i Kv‡QB n¯—vš—i Ki‡Z n‡e|' GB `yB
cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖ¯—v‡e cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡bZ…e…›` fy‡Ævi Dw³i
ZxeÖ cÖwZev` K‡ib| 15 gvP© ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb K‡Vvi
mvgwiK wbivcËvi g‡a¨ XvKvq Av‡mb| Ges 18 cvÄve
Bbd¨vw›Uª e¨v‡Uwjq‡bi Kov cÖnivq ¯’vbxq ‡cÖwm‡W›U nvD‡R
Dcw¯’Z nb| Avi m‡½ wQ‡jb ‡Rbv‡ij nvwg` Lvb, Lv‡`g
‡nv‡mb ivRv, wgVVv Lvb, cxiRv`v Igi, ‡Lv`v`v` Lvb cÖgyL
‡Rbv‡ijMY|
‡Kv‡bv mn‡hvMx QvovB ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb
I ‡kL gywReyi ingvb 16 gvP© '71 cÖ_g `dv
‰eV‡K wgwjZ nb| c‡i G Av‡jvPbv gyjZex n‡q hvq|
c‡i G Av‡jvPbv gyjZex n‡q hvq| 17 gvP© wØZxq `dv ‰eV‡K
`yc‡i civgk©`vZvivI ‡hvM w`‡jb| ‡cÖwm‡W›U fe‡b iv‡Z
Bqvwnqv I wU°v Lv‡bi msw¶ß ‰eVK nq| ivZ 10Uvq Mfb©i
wU°v Lvb wRIwm ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij Lv‡`g ‡nv‡mb ivRv‡K ‡dv‡b
evOvjx wbabh‡Ái bxj bKkv 'Acv‡ikb mvP©jvBU' ev¯—evq‡bi
wb‡`©k ‡`b| 5 c…ôvi GB bxj bKkvq MYnZ¨vi we¯—vwiZ
wb‡`©k wjwce× wQj|
Gw`‡K Bqvwnqv-gywRe Z…Zxq ‰eV‡K wgwjZ nb| Bqvwnqv GB
‰eV‡K djcÖm~ Av‡jvPbvi fvb Ki‡jI Av‡jvPbv `xN©vwqZ
nIqvq AvIqvgx wjM P~ovš— msMÖv‡gi cÖ¯—ywZ ‡bq| ïi“ n‡jv
cÖwZ‡iva Av‡›`vjb| 19 gvP© weÖ‡MwWqvi Rvnvb ‡Re Avieve
Lvb cy‡iv GK e¨v‡Uwjq‡bi 72wU GjGgwc wb‡q MwVZ cvÄve
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui GK ‡¯‹vqvW‡K ¯^qswKªq A‡¯¿ mw¾Z K‡i
Rq‡`ecy‡i Gj| D‡Ïk¨ Rq‡`ecy‡i wØZxq B÷ ‡e½j
‡iwR‡g›U‡K wbi¯¿ Kiv, ‡mB m‡½ AW©b¨vÝ d¨v±wi ‡_‡K
m¤ú~Y© ‡Mvjvevi“` wb‡q hvIqv|
Rq‡`ecy‡ii RbMY mvgwiK evwnbxi GB PKªvš— eyS‡Z ‡c‡i
Rq‡`ecyi-XvKv iv¯—vq cÖ_g e¨vwi‡KW w`‡q cÖ_g cÖwZ‡iva
msMÖvg ïi“ K‡ib| GB e¨vwi‡KW miv‡bvi mgq mvgwiK evwn-
bxi m‡½ Zv‡`i msNl© nq| nvbv`viiv ¸wj Pvjv‡j `yRb
Rq‡`ecyievmx knx` I `yRb AvnZ nb| Rq‡`ecy‡i wØZxq
B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‡m‡KÛ Bb KgvÛ ‡gRi kwdDj¬vn GB
cÖwZ‡iva msMÖv‡g RbMY‡K cy‡iv mg_©b w`‡qwQ‡jb|
Rq‡`ecy‡i mvgwiK evwnbxi ¸wj el©‡Yi ZxeÖ wb›`v K‡i ‡kL
gywRe Zvi wee…wZ‡Z e‡jb, 'Zviv (mvgwiK Rvš—v) hw` g‡b
K‡i _v‡K ey‡jU w`‡q RbM‡bi msMÖvg eÜ Kiv hv‡e, Zvn‡j
Zviv Avn¤§‡Ki ¯^‡M© evm Ki‡Q|' 19 gv‡P©i Bqvwnqv-gywRe
‰eVK cÖvq 90 wgwbU ¯’vqx nq, c‡i mܨvq Zv‡`i
civgk©`vZviv Avjv`v ‰eV‡K e‡mb| 20 gvP© e‡m gywRe-
Bqvwnqv PZy_© ‰eVK, hvi ‡kl w`‡K `ycy‡i civgk©`vZvivI
bvbv e¨vcv‡i we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvq e‡mb|
Ab¨w`‡K G A‡ji MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv P‡j
d¬¨vM÷vd nvD‡R| ‡Rbv‡ij Avãyj nvwg` Lvb GB ‰eV‡K
‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb‡K MYnZ¨vi bxj bKkv 'Acv‡ikb
mvP©jvBU' ev¯—evq‡bi meyR ms‡KZ ‡`b|
21 gvP© RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv XvKvq G‡m Bqvwnqv-gywRe
83
m~wPcÎ |
‰eV‡K mg‡SvZvi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, mgm¨v
mgvav‡b wÎ-c¶xq mg‡SvZv n‡Z n‡e| GB g‡g© 25 gvP© ch©š—
Bqvwnqv, ‡kL gywRe I fy‡Ævi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv P‡j| wKš‘ cy‡iv
e¨vcviUvB wQj Av‡jvPbvi bv‡g cÖnmb| GB `xN© Av‡jvPbv
cwðgx mvgwiK evwnbx‡K RvnvR I wegvb‡hv‡M cwðg cvwK¯—
vb ‡_‡K c~e© evsjvq cÖPyi A¯¿ I ‰mb¨ Avbvi my‡hvM K‡i
‡`q|
23 gvP© '71 cvwK¯—vb w`em Dcj‡¶ ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv
ej‡jb, 'c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi a¨vb, aviYv I `vexi mgš^q
mvab K‡i GKUv m‡š—vlRbK wm×v‡š— ‡cŠQv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRbxq
e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q|' GBw`b weKv‡j avbgwÛi 32 bs
evmfe‡bi mvg‡b weivU GK Rbmgv‡e‡k ‡kL gywRe ej‡jb,
'Avgv‡`i `vwe Av`vq bv nIqv ch©š— msMÖvg Ae¨nZ _vK‡e|'
24 gvP© mvivw`b a‡i wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ivR‰bwZK Av‡jvPbv
AbywôZ n‡jv| 25 gvP© RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Zvi
civgk©`vZv‡`i wb‡q ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi m‡½ cÖvq 45 wgwbU
Av‡jvPbvi ci mvsevw`K‡`i ej‡jb, 'AvIqvgx wjM ‡h ai‡bi
kvmb e¨e¯’v PvB‡Q Zv‡K cÖK…Z ¯^vqZ¡kvmb ejv hvq bv|
I‡`i `vwe ¯^vqZ¡kvm‡bi `vwei PvB‡Z ‡ewk, mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i
KvQvKvwQ|'
‡kL gywRe 24 gvP© mKv‡jB eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb ‡h Bqvwnqv I
Zvi ga¨Kvi Av‡jvPbv e¨_© n‡q‡Q| ZvB IB w`b iv‡ZB wZwb
PÆMÖv‡gi wmwÏKx‡K (AvIqvgx jxM †bZv Gg Avi wmwÏKx)
‡Uwj‡dv‡b wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‡h ‡Kv‡bv
AvKªgY cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ _vK‡Z| 25 gvP© mܨvq GK
wee…wZ‡Z e½eÜy ej‡jb, '‡cÖwm‡W‡›Ui XvKvq AvMgb I
Av‡jvPbvi d‡j Rbg‡b G iKg GKUv aviYv n‡qwQj ‡h,
‡`‡ki fqven cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© KZ…©c‡¶i ‡PZbvi D‡`ÖK
n‡q‡Q| Ges ivR‰bwZKfv‡e Zvi mgvavb m¤¢e| A_P
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKvq mvgwiK ZrciZv ïi“ K‡i
cwiw¯’wZi Av‡iv AebwZ NUv‡bv n‡”Q| mgm¨vi ivR‰bwZK
mgvavb Kiv n‡e e‡j ‡NvlYv w`‡q hLb ‡cÖwm‡W›U ‡Lv` XvKvq
i‡q‡Qb, ZLb ‡`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKv ‡_‡K G ai‡Yi mvgwiK
ZrciZvi Lei LyeB D‡ØMRbK| MZ mßv‡n Rq‡`ecy‡i
¸wjel©‡Yi ci iscyi, ‰mq`cyi cÖf…wZ GjvKvq mvܨ AvBb
Rvwi K‡i ee©i nvgjv Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q e‡j Lei cvIqv hv‡”Q|
Gw`‡K PÆMÖv‡gI wbi¯¿ RbZvi Ici wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wjel©Y Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q Avgvi Av‡e`b, hLb Avgiv ivR‰bwZKfv‡e
mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ AvcÖvY ‡Póv Pvjvw”Q ZLb ¶gZvmxbiv
kw³cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ ‡kl AvNvZ
nvb‡Q| ZvB Avwg ¶gZvmxb‡`i lohš¿Kvix gnj‡K Rvwb‡q
w`‡Z PvB ‡h. Avcbv‡`i lohš¿ mdj n‡Z cv‡i bv| mv‡o
mvZ ‡KvwU evOvjx Pig AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g Avcbv‡`i
lohš¿‡K cÖwZnZ Kivi j‡¶¨ HK¨e×fv‡e cÖ¯—yZ i‡q‡Qb|
Avwg ee©iZv I ¸wjel©‡Yi ZxeÖ wb›`v KiwQ| Ges Gi
cÖwZev‡` 27 gvP© mgMÖ evsjv‡`k e¨vcx me©vZ¥K niZvj
‡NvlYv KiwQ|' c‡i wZwb AvgiY msMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Rb¨
evsjvi QvÎ-RbZvi cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb|
GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Bqvwnqv XvKv Z¨vM Ki‡jb|
‡Mvc‡b XvKv Z¨v‡Mi Av‡M wZwb mvgwiK evwnbx‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q
‡M‡jb ‡kL gywRe‡K e›`x K‡i wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨| Avi Nygš—
wbi¯¿ evOvjx‡`i wbôyi I wbwe©Pvi nZ¨vi Rb¨ mvgwiK Rvš—v
Zvi GB wb‡`©k A¶‡i A¶‡i cvjb K‡i‡Q|
25 gvP© '71-Gi Kv‡jvivZ
‡`kevmx GgbwK wek¦evmxI cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb
I c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi weRqx msL¨v¸i“ `‡ji ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZvi e¨vcv‡i wKQyUv Avkvev`x wQj|
AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K ZvRDwÏb
Avn‡g` e‡jwQ‡jb, 'Avi Av‡jvPbv bq, Gevi
my¯úó ‡NvlYv PvB|' RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Bqvwnqvi
m‡½ GK Av‡jvPbvi ci msev` m‡¤§j‡b gš—e¨ Ki‡jb,
'cwiw¯’wZ AZ¨š— Avk¼vRbK|'
m‡¤§jb ‡k‡l mvsevw`K‡`i Kv‡Q e½eÜy Lei ï‡b LyeB wPwš—
Z n‡jb| wZwb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv‡`i m‡½ ‰eV‡K em‡jb|
mevB Bqvwnqv-gywR‡ei ‰eV‡Ki e¨_©Zv m¤ú‡K© ‡R‡b ‡Mj|
Lei Gj wKQy¶Y Av‡M Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡cÖwm‡W›U feb ‡_‡K
mv`v ‡cvlv‡K ‡ewi‡q wegvbe›`‡ii w`‡K ‡M‡Qb| wKQy¶Y
c‡iB GKwU ‡evwqs wegvb weKU k‡ã cwðgvKv‡k wgwj‡q
‡Mj|
PÆMÖvg ‡_‡K G mgq fqven GK Lei G‡m ‡cŠQj XvKvq|
'‡mvqvZ' bv‡g cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K GKwU A¯¿ ‡evSvB RvnvR
‡bv½i K‡i‡Q PÆMÖvg e›`‡i, wKš‘ PÆMÖvgevmxiv H A¯¿ PÆjvi
gvwU‡Z ‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB bvgv‡Z ‡`‡e bv| Zviv PÆMÖv‡gi
iv¯—vq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡i‡Q| IB cÖwZ‡iva fvO‡Z
‡mbvevwnbx Zv‡`i Ici Suvwc‡q c‡o‡Q|
ivZ 8Uvi wKQy ‡ewk| e½eÜy Ab¨vb¨ ‡bZv‡`i m‡½ evB‡ii
N‡i Av‡jvPbvq e¨¯—| K‡b©j (c‡i ‡Rbv‡ij) Imgvbx Ri“ix
msev` wb‡q Dcw¯’Z n‡jb| e½eÜy Zvi m‡½I Av‡jvPbv
Ki‡jb| BwZg‡a¨ evwo duvKv n‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| ivZ b'Uvi
w`‡K nvB‡KvU© ‡gvo I Ab¨vb¨ K‡qKwU ¯’vb ‡_‡K wew¶ß
¸wji AvIqvR ‡f‡m AvmwQj| RbMY iv¯—vq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW
m…wó Ki‡Q| mevi gy‡L GKUv K_v Qwo‡q coj- ‡mbvevwnbx
‡ewi‡q c‡o‡Q|
ee©i nvbv`vi evwnbx b…ksm cvkweKZvq evOvjx‡`i Ici
Suvwc‡q coj 25 gv‡P©i GB iv‡Z| ïi“ n‡jv evsjvi ey‡K
BwZnv‡mi wbôyiZg I RNb¨Zg Aa¨vq| me©vaywbK A‡¯¿
mw¾Z 96wU UÖvK‡evSvB ‰mb¨ XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡_‡K kn‡i
XyKj| Zv‡`i m‡½ wQj A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj, gU©vi wdìMvb,
‡gwkbMvb, jvBU †gwkbMvb, evRyKv BZ¨vw` me gviYv¯¿| m‡½
U¨v¼eni|
ZLbI ev‡ivUv ev‡Rwb, nVvr iv‡Zi wb¯—äZv ‡f‡O M‡R© DVj
AmsL¨ ‡gwkbMvb| Av¸‡bi ‡jwjnvb wkLvq jvj n‡q DVj
mviv AvKvk| ‡UÖmvi I g¨vM‡bwkqvg dvqv‡i Av‡jvwKZ n‡q
DVj iv‡Zi AÜKvi| nvbv`vi bicïiv U¨v¼ I ¯^qswKªq A¯¿
wb‡q AvKªgY Kij ivRvievM cywjk jvBb, wcjLvbv BwcAvi
K¨v¤ú, wek¦we`¨vj‡qi nj¸‡jv| GgbwK ‡g‡q‡`i ‡iv‡Kqv
84
m~wPcÎ |
njI wb¯—vi ‡cj bv| Av¸b R¡jj wcjLvbvq, Av¸b R¡jj
XvKvi ew¯—‡Z ew¯—‡Z, nvnvKvi DVj N‡i N‡i| nvRvi nvRvi
bvix-wkïi gg©‡f`x AvZ©bv‡` XvKvi AvKvk evZvm f‡i DVj|
iv¯—vq iv¯—vq R‡g DVj jv‡ki ¯—yc|
wKš‘ Gi g‡a¨I RbMY _vgj bv| Zviv Suvwc‡q coj cvëv
cÖwZ‡iv‡a| nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K ‡VKv‡Z iv¯—vq iv¯—vq M‡o DVj
e¨vwi‡KW| nvbv`vi‡`i cÖwZ‡iva Kiv n‡jv ivRviev‡M,
wcjLvbvq| d‡j R¡‡j DVj ivRvievM cywjk e¨vivK| 26 gvP©
‡fvi ch©š— R¡jj ‡m Av¸b| evOvjxi Me© exi cywjk evwnbx
AvZ¥mgc©Y bv K‡i mvaviY w_Ö bU w_Ö ivB‡dj wb‡q kÎyi
‡gvKv‡ejv K‡i ‡Mj| knx` n‡jb evsjv gv‡qi 1180 Rb exi
mš—vb| 26 gvP© mKv‡ji w`‡K ¸wj dywi‡q hvIqvq DaŸ©Zb
Kg©KZ©v, GmAvB, GGmAvB, nvwej`vi, my‡e`vi, bv‡qK I
wmcvnxmn cÖvq ‡`ok exi ‡hv×v e›`x n‡jb nvbv`vi‡`i
nv‡Z|
gviYv‡¯¿ mw¾Z 30 jwi ‰mb¨ I Av‡gwiKvb Gm-24 U¨v¼
eni Kvgvb DuwP‡q Xy‡K coj wek¦we`¨vjq K¨v¤úv‡m| weÖwUk
KvDwÝj jvB‡eÖwi‡K NuvwU evwb‡q ‰mb¨iv BKevj nj‡K j¶¨
K‡i gU©v‡ii ‡Mvjv ‡Qvov ïi“ Kij| BKevj n‡j 200 Rb
QvÎ kvnv`r eiY K‡ib| ‡MÖ‡bW PvR© K‡i ‰mb¨iv RMbœv_ n‡j
Xy‡K coj| n‡j QvÎ wQj 103 Rb| 6 Rb Qv·K Kei
Luyo‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡jv, evwK‡`i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv wbôy-
ifv‡e| IB 6 Rb QvÎB m½x‡`i Kei w`w”Q‡jb| c‡i
Zv‡`i‡KI ¸wj K‡i nvbv`viiv| GKRb QvÎ IB cvkweK
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x n‡q AvnZ Ae¯’vq ‡eu‡P wQ‡jbÑ KvjxiÄb|
Zvi Mjvi cvk w`‡q ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj ‡ewi‡q wM‡qwQj|
Iw`‡K g¨vM‡bwkqvg dvqv‡ii Av‡jvq ‰mb¨iv ‡iv‡Kqv n‡ji
‡fZi Qy‡UvQywU K‡i ‡g‡q‡`i aiwQj| 50 Rb QvÎx Qv` ‡_‡K
jvwd‡q Zv‡`i B¾Z I AveÖy evuPv‡jb|
ee©i nvbv`viiv GK 25 gv‡P©i iv‡ZB j¶vwaK evOvjx‡K nZ¨v
K‡i| e›`x nIqvi Av‡M ‡kL gywRe G‡K G‡K mg¯— AvIqvgx
wjM ‡bZv‡K ‡Mvcb ¯’v‡b P‡j hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| wZwb
PÆMÖv‡gi AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv Rûi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayixmn cÖ‡`‡ki
wewfbœ GjvKvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi wjwLZ evYx
Iq¨vi‡jm ‡hv‡M cvVv‡bvi e¨e¯’v K‡i ‡M‡jb| GB evYxi
gyw`ÖZ n¨vÛwejwU 26 gvP© mKv‡j PÆMÖvgevmxi nv‡Z Av‡m|
n¨vÛwejwU wQj Bs‡iwR‡Z| Zvi e½vbyev` K‡ib Wvt ‰mq`
Av‡bvqvi Avjx I gbRyjv Av‡bvqvi| e½vbyev`wU wQj-
'evOvjx fvB‡evb‡`i Kv‡Q Ges wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q Avgvi
Av‡e`b| ivRvievM cywjkK¨v¤ú I wcjLvbv BwcAvi K¨v‡¤ú
ivZ ev‡ivUvq cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv AZwK©‡Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q nvRvi
nvRvi ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| nvbv`vi cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨‡`i m‡½
Avgiv j‡o hvw”Q| Avgv‡`i mvnv‡h¨i cÖ‡qvRb, Ges Zv
c…w_exi ‡h ‡Kv‡bv ¯’vb ‡_‡KB ‡nvK| GgZve¯’vq Avwg
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóÖ e‡j ‡NvlYv KiwQ| ‡Zvgiv
‡Zvgv‡`i mg¯— kw³ w`‡q gvZ…f~wg‡K i¶v Ki| Avj¬vn
‡Zvgv‡`i mnvq nDb|'
‡kL gywRei ingvb
25 gvP©, 1971|
G‡K G‡K mevB we`vq wb‡jb ‡kL gywR‡ei 32 bs avbgwÛi
evwo ‡_‡K| wKš‘ wZwb ‡Kv_vI ‡M‡jb bv| ivZ 11Uvq bxj
b·vi ev¯—evq‡b KgvwÛs Awdmvi Ges ‡Kv¤úvwb KgvÛvi
‡gRi ‡ejvj GK c¬vUyb Kgv‡Ûv wb‡q ‡kL gywRe‡K e›`x
Ki‡Z iIbv w`j| Zviv wgicyi iv¯—vi mg¯— e¨vwi‡KW i‡K‡Ui
mvnv‡h¨ Dwo‡q w`j| ivZ ‡`oUvq Zviv we`y¨rMwZ‡Z ‡kL
gywR‡ei evwo ‡NivI K‡i ‡djj| 50 Rb Kgv‡Ûv evwoi Pvi
dyU DuPy cvwP‡ji Ici D‡V evwo j¶¨ K‡i ‡÷bMv‡bi GK
ckjv ¸wjel©Y Kij| Gici evwoi Avw½bvq `vuwo‡q wb‡R‡`i
Dcw¯’wZ ‡NvlYv Kij I ‡kL gywRe‡K ‡ewi‡q Avm‡Z ejj|
‡`vZjvq D‡V Kgv‡Ûviv ‡k‡Li ‡eWi“‡gi `iRv I Rvbvjvi
w`‡K ¸wj Qyuo‡Z jvMj| Dwb ‡ewi‡q G‡m ‰mb¨‡`i ¸wj
_vgv‡Z ej‡jb| ‰mb¨iv ‡Lvjv ‡eq‡bU nv‡Z Ibv‡K PvR©
Kivi Rb¨ Pviw`K ‡_‡K GwM‡q Gj| Ibvi Kv‡QB `vuov‡bv
GK Awdmvi e½eÜy‡K Rwo‡q ûKyg w`j, 'I‡K nZ¨v K‡iv
bv|' Gici ‡U‡bwnP‡o wb‡q Pjj Zviv e½eÜy‡K| ‡cQb
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evwo| Awdmvi Zvi nvZ a‡i ivLv m‡Ë¡I ‰mb¨iv Zv‡K wb‡P
bvgv‡bvi Rb¨ Uvb‡Z jvMj| Dwb wPrKvi K‡i ej‡jb,
'Avgv‡K UvbvUvwb K‡iv bv| `vuovI Avwg Avgvi cvBc I
ZvgvK wb‡q Avwm| bv n‡j Avgvi ¯¿x‡K Ime wb‡q Avm‡Z
`vI| cvBc Avgv‡K m‡½ wb‡ZB n‡e|'
Gici Dwb N‡i G‡jb| Zvi ¯¿x ZLb `yB ‡Q‡j‡K wb‡q
`vuwo‡q i‡q‡Qb, ‡QvU iv‡mj Nygv‡”Qb weQvbvq| ‡eMg gywRe
ZLb Zv‡K cvBc Avi GKUv ‡QvÆ my¨U‡Km ¸wQ‡q w`‡jb|
‰mb¨‡`i ‡N‡i e›`x n‡q gywRe iIqvbv w`‡jb| ‡`L‡jb Av‡k
cv‡k Av¸b R¡j‡Q| ILvb ‡_‡K Zv‡K mvgwiK wR‡c K‡i
K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvq wb‡q hvIqv nq- iv‡Z ivLv n‡jv Av`gRx
K¨v›Ub‡g›U ¯‹y‡j| ciw`b d¬¨vM÷vd nvD‡m
Zv‡K ¯’vbvš—i Kiv nq| wZbw`b c‡i wegvb‡hv‡M
KivwP wb‡q hvIqv nq Zv‡K|
26 gvP© ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv RvwZi D‡Ï‡k¨ fvlY w`‡jb,
'....Avcbviv Rv‡bb ‡h AvIqvgx wjM mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi
I RvZxq cwil‡`i ‰eV‡Ki Av‡MB gZv n¯—vš—‡ii `vwe
Rvwb‡qwQj| Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv PjvKv‡j gywRe G g‡g©
cÖ¯—ve K‡iwQj ‡h Aš—eZ©xKvjxb mg‡qi e¨vcviUv Avwg GKUv
‡NvlYv w`‡q wbqwgZ Ki‡Z cvwi| GB ‡NvlYvq mvgwiK AvBb
cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv n‡e|..... Gici Avwg Ab¨vb¨ ivR‰bwZK
‡bZv‡`i m‡½ G e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbv Kwi| cÖ‡Z¨‡K GKev‡K¨
¯^xKvi K‡ib ‡h Gai‡Yi cÖ¯—vweZ ‡NvlYv AvBbm¤§Z n‡e
bv|... gywRe ‡h ‡NvlYvi cÖ¯—ve w`‡qwQj Zv GKwU dvu` Qvov
Avi wKQyB wQj bv|.... Zvi GK¸‡qwg, GK‡ivLv g‡bvfve I
hyw³c~Y© Av‡jvPbvq Abxnv ïay GKUv K_vB cÖgvY K‡i ‡h GB
f`Ö‡jvK I Zvi `j n‡”Q cvwK¯—v‡bi kÎy Ges Giv ‡`‡ki
Ab¨ Ask ‡_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i w`‡Z Pvq| gywRe
‡`‡ki ALÊZv I wbivcËvi Dci AvNvZ ‡n‡b‡Q| G
Aciv‡ai Rb¨ Zv‡K kvw¯— ‡c‡ZB n‡e|
wKQy msL¨K ‡`k‡`Övnx I ¶gZv‡jvfx e¨w³ ‡`k‡K aŸsm
Ki“K I 12 ‡KvwU gvby‡li fwel¨Z wb‡q wQwbwgwb ‡LjyK Zv
Avgiv ei`vkZ Ki‡Z cvwi bv|....‡`‡ki GB fqven
cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ Avwg ‡`ke¨vcx ivR‰bwZK Kg©KvÛ wbwl×
‡NvlYvi wm×vš— wb‡qwQ| Avi ivR‰bwZK `j wn‡m‡e AvIqvgx
wjM‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wbwl× ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡jv| msev`c‡Îi Ici
c~Y© ‡mÝiwkc Av‡ivc Kiv n‡jv|'
GB wee…wZ ‡_‡K cwi®‹vi ‡evSv ‡Mj Bqvwnqv Lvb gywR‡ei m‡½
Av‡jvPbvi bv‡g cÖnmbB K‡i‡Q| Zvi D‡Ïk¨ wQj mgq‡¶cY
Ges Gi g‡a¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K Av‡iv A¯¿ I ‰mb¨ G‡`‡k
Avbv| XvKvq Bqvwnqvi bvbv D¯‹vwbi gy‡LI ‡kL gywRe kvwš—
I k…sLjv m¤ú~Y© wbqš¿‡Y ‡i‡LwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Bqvwnqv VvÛv
gv_vq Rj¬v` wU°v Lvb‡K MYnZ¨vi wb‡`©k w`‡q hvb hvIqvi
mgq| 25 gvP© mܨvqB gywRe e‡jwQ‡jb, 'cvwK¯—v‡bi `yB
Ask‡K GKÎ ivLvi Rb¨ Avwg AvcÖvY ‡Póv K‡iwQ| wKš‘
Bqvwnqv Lvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ mvgwiK A¨vKkb‡K ‡e‡Q
wb‡jb Ges GLv‡bB cvwK¯—v‡bi mgvwß n‡jv|' wZwb Av‡iv
e‡jwQ‡jb, 'Avwg g‡b Kwi Avgv‡K nqZ nZ¨v Kiv n‡e| wKš‘
Avgvi Ke‡ii Ici w`‡qB m…wó n‡e GKUv ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki|'
85
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¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
KvjyiNv‡U ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ¯’vwcZ nq PÆMÖvg
‡eZv‡ii 10 Rb wb‡ew`ZcÖvY Kg©x, ¯’vbxq ‡bZ…e…›` I RbMY,
B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui mnvqZvq| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii 10
Rb mve©¶wYK msMVK wQ‡jb Rbve ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§` (PÆMÖvg
‡eZv‡ii wbR¯^ wkíx), Aveyj Kv‡kg m›Øxc (dwUKQwo
K‡j‡Ri fvBm wcÖwÝcvj), Ave`yj¬vn Avj dvi“K (Abyôvb
cÖ‡hvRK), ‰mq` Ave`ym kv‡Ki (‡eZvi cÖ‡KŠkjx), Avwgbyi
ingvb (‡UKwbKvj A¨vwm‡÷›U), iv‡k`yj ‡nv‡mb (‡UKwbKvj
A¨vwm‡÷›U), ‡gv¯—dv Av‡bvqvi (Abyôvb cÖ‡hvRK),
kidy¾vgvb (‡UKwbKvj Acv‡iUi), Avwgbyi ingvb Ges
KvRx nvweeywÏb|
wec¬ex ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi cÖavb D‡`¨v³v wQ‡jb
‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§`| cÖ_g Awa‡ekb msMV‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡`¨v³v
wQ‡jb Aveyj Kv‡kg m›`xc, Wvt gbRyjv Av‡bvqvi, Wvt ‰mq`
Av‡bvqvi Avjx, BwÄwbqvi AvwkKyj Bmjvg, BwÄwbqvi w`jxc
P›`Ö `vm, KvRx ‡nvm‡b Aviv| ‡k‡lv³ cvuPRb HwZnvwmK
cÖ_g mvܨ Awa‡ekb ‡k‡l Avi wd‡i Av‡mbwb|
GB wec¬ex ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi mve©¶wYK 10 Rb msMVK‡K hviv
mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Wvt ‡gvnv¤§` kwd,
‡eMg gykZvwi kdx, gxR©v bvwmi“wÏb (AvÂwjK cÖ‡KŠkjx),
Rbve myjZvb Avjx (evZ©v m¤úv`K), Rbve Avãym ‡mvenvb
(‡eZvi cÖ‡KŠkjx), Rbve ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb (‡eZvi
cÖ‡KŠkjx), Rbve gvngy` ‡nv‡mb, Rbve Avãym ïKyi, Rbve
‡mKv›`vi nvqvZ Lvb, Rbve ‡gvm‡jg Lvb cÖgyL| GLv‡b
we‡klfv‡e D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ ‡h PÆMÖvg ‡eZv‡ii mnKvix AvÂwjK
cwiPvjK giûg Avãyj Kvnnv‡ii c‡iv¶ mg_©b I ï‡f”Qv bv
_vK‡j G wec¬ex ¯^vaxb ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö Av‡`Š cÖwZôv m¤¢e wQj
bv| GB ¯^vaxb ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö evOvjx RvwZi Rb¨ Kx wQj Zv
fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv hv‡e bv| ïay GUyKy eje, GUv wQj w`Knviv
evOvjx Avevje…×ewYZvi aÖyeZviv, Avkvi Av‡jv, c‡_i w`kvix,
wQj Rxe‡bi Aw¯—Z¡, wQj Kªy× Kª›`b|
XvKvq MYnZ¨v
XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
25 gvP© iv‡Z nvbv`vi evwnbx Aa¨vcK‡`i evm¯’vb ‡NivI
K‡i| Zviv Wt ‡R¨vwZg©q ¸nVvKyiZvi d¬¨v‡U Xy‡K Zv‡K a‡i
wb‡q hvq| GKB mgq Ic‡ii d¬¨vU ‡_‡K Wt gwbi“¾vgvb,
Zvi ‡Q‡j, Zvi fv‡Mœ I GKRb cÖwZ‡ekx hyeK‡K a‡i Av‡b_
wmwoi wb‡P wb‡q cici AvUwU ¸wj K‡i| ‡R¨vwZ©gq
¸nVvKyiZv ¸wj ‡L‡qI ‡e‡P wQ‡jb! wZwb Ávb nvivbwb| c‡i
aivawi K‡i Zv‡K N‡i wb‡q hvIqv nq| 27 gvP© mKvj ch©š—
Zvi i³¶iY nw”Qj| Zv‡K ZLb wb‡q hvIqv nq XvKv
‡gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j, wKš‘ ‡mLv‡b ‡Kv‡bv Wv³vi
wQ‡jb bv| webv wPwKrmvq 30 gvP© g…Zy¨eiY K‡ib wZwb| 26
gvP© cvKevwnbx XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ÷vd ‡KvqvU©v‡ii 12 b¤^i
d¬¨v‡Ui Wt ‡gvKZvw`i I K‡qKRb Qv·K ¸wj K‡i gv‡i|
c‡i 11 bs dv‡Ui XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq j¨ve‡iUwi ¯‹y‡ji wk¶K
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BKevj nj
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BKevj nj wN‡i cÖPÊ AvKªgY ïi“ K‡i| Kvgvb, gU©vi, i‡KU,
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wKQyB ev` hvqwb| BKevj n‡ji Zi“YivI
cÖwZ‡iva w`‡q hv‡”Q exi weKª‡g| `vD `vD K‡i
R¡j‡Q G‡m¤^wj nj (cyivZb), cvVvMvi I cv‡ki ew¯—
| cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L mn‡R n‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv ‡c‡i U¨v¼
Av‡b nvbv`viiv| ïi“ nq ‡Mvjvel©Y| n‡ji `w¶Y cwð‡g
‡ij mo‡Ki ew¯—evmxiv f‡q n‡ji wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ `‡j
`‡j cuvwPj wWwO‡q ‡fZ‡i Gj| gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ Zviv mevB
nvbv`vi‡`i ey‡j‡Ui AvNv‡Z gyL _ye‡o coj| ‡fvi n‡j
GjvKvq ‡Mvjv¸wj _vgj, wKš‘ KviwdD _vKj mvivw`b|
BKevj n‡ji Pviw`‡K ZLb jv‡ki ¯—yc|
RMbœv_ nj
25 gvP© ivZ mv‡o ev‡ivUvq nvbv`viiv AvKªgY K‡i RMbœv_
nj| ‡gwkb Mvb, gU©vi ‡kwjs I U¨v‡¼i cÖPÊ k‡ãi g‡a¨ Zviv
n‡j Xy‡K cÖwZwU i“g ZbœZbœ K‡i Zj¬vwk ïi“ K‡i| AvKªg‡Yi
Av‡M n‡ji we`y¨r ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ K‡i ‡`Iqv nq| m¤ú~Y©
AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨ nvbv`viiv Qv·`i a‡i G‡b KvD‡K ‡e`g
‡cUv‡jv, KvD‡K mivmwi ¸wj Kij| 26 gv‡P©i mKv‡j ¸wji
kã‡K Qvwc‡q ‡kvbv ‡Mj gvby‡li Kvbœv AvZ©bv`|
n‡ji 29 bs i“‡gi evwm›`v nwini I mybxj `vm| IB w`b
mybx‡ji GK AwZw_ G‡mwQ‡jb| nvbv`viiv i“‡g Xy‡K
wZbRb‡K `vuo Kwi‡q eÖvkdvqvi K‡i, Gici i“‡g GKUv
‡MÖ‡bW Qy‡o ‡ewi‡q hvqÑ gyn~‡Z© me †kl| mybxj I Zvi AwZw_
gviv ‡M‡jI nwini AvnZ Ae¯’vq GB b…ksmZvi mv¶x n‡q
A‡jŠwKKfv‡e ‡eu‡P hvb| ‡kl iv‡Z nwini ‡nv‡÷‡ji
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wM‡q cvwbi KvQvKvwQ j¤^v Nv‡mi g‡a¨ AvkÖq ‡bb| 26 gvP©
mviv w`bivZ Gfv‡eB c‡o _v‡Kb wZwb| Zvi cv w`‡q ZLbI
i³ Si‡Q| 27 gvP© mKv‡j KviwdD Zy‡j ‡bqv n‡j GK
mü`q ‡`vKvb`vi XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvb
Zv‡K|
nvbv`vi‡`i f‡q my‡ik `vm, iweb I mZ¨`vmmn cÖvq 25 Rb
QvÎ n‡ji Qv‡` AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jb| nvbv`vi cïiv Zv‡`i
mevB‡K ¸wj K‡i| my‡ik ‡eu‡U nIqvq Zvi ey‡K ¸wj jv‡Mwb,
jv‡M Wvb Kvu‡a| Zvi ¶Z¯’vb ‡_‡K Aweivg i³ S‡i hv‡”Q,
Pvicv‡k Qwo‡q wQwU‡q 24 Rb m½xi jvk| Qv‡`i Ici cvwbi
U¨v¼, Zv‡Z Xy‡K co‡jb my‡ik| 26 gvP© ‡MvUv w`bivZ
‡mLv‡bB wQ‡jb| 27 gvP© f‡q f‡q bvg‡jb| iv¯—vq cwigj
¸n Zv‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡q nvmcvZv‡j w`‡q Av‡mb|
86
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26 gvP© mKvj 11Uvq nvbv`viiv 5 Rb‡K a‡i wb‡q Gj|
Zv‡`i w`‡q n‡ji wewfbœ K¶, Qv`, eviv›`v I wmwo ‡_‡K
wew¶ß jvk¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i UÖv‡K Zyjj| Gici gv‡Vi
gvSLv‡b wekvj GK MZ© ‡Lvov‡bv nj IB 5 Rb‡K w`‡q jvk
Pvcv ‡`Iqvi Rb¨, c‡i M‡Z©i cv‡o `vuo Kwi‡q ¸wj Kiv n‡jv
Zv‡`i‡KI| ¸wji m‡½ mevB jywU‡q c‡o M‡Z©| nvbv`viiv
UÖv‡K ‡P‡c P‡j ‡Mj| nVvr GB jv‡ki ¯—yc ‡_‡K GKRb D‡V
‡`Š‡o cvjv‡jb| fvM¨evbwUi bvg KvjxiÄb kxj- ¸wj Zvi
Mjv ‡f` K‡i P‡j hvq|
nvbv`viiv 26 gvP© ‡fv‡i nvDR wUDUi Aa¨vcK Aby‡”Qcvqb
fÆvPvh©, QvÎ weavb ivq I Ab¨ GKRb‡K G‡b ‡e`g cÖnv‡ii
ci ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| RMbœv_ n‡ji knx` wgbvi ‡Mvjvi
AvNv‡Z P~Y© n‡q ‡Mj| knx` wgbv‡ii ‡cQ‡b 100 dyU
ea¨f~wgi M‡Z©i gvwU ‡f` K‡i nv‡Zi cvÄv I cv‡qi AvOyj
‡`Lv hv‡”Q|
n‡ji ‡KvqvU©v‡i _vK‡Zb wR,‡K bv_, iex›`Öbv_ ‡Nvl VvKyi
Ges c‡ik ej| Zv‡`i ‡KvqvU©v‡ii `iRv Rvbvjv me ‡Lvjv|
Rbgvbe k~b¨ ‡`vZjv ‡_‡K cPv `yM©Ü ‡f‡m Avm‡Q| wmuwoi
Ici ‡_‡K wbP ch©š— Pvc Pvc i³ RgvU evav|
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Ab¨ nj¸‡jv‡ZI j¶ j¶ ¸wji AvIqvR Avi
Kvgv‡bi KvbdvUv MR©b ‡kvbv ‡Mj ‡mB Kvjiv‡Z| ivZ
12Uvi w`‡K Rbc_ I ew¯— GjvKvq Av¸b Avi Av¸b, m‡½
e…wói g‡Zv ¸wj| L…óvb‡`i wMR©vi mvg‡b mvgwiK hvb I
U¨v‡¼i NoNo AvIqvR| nvRv‡iv K‡Éi AvZ©bv`| m`iNvU
Uvwg©bv‡j ¸wji kã| ivZ 2Uvq KviwdD ‡`qv n‡jv| Bswjk
‡ivW I ‡dÖÂ ‡iv‡Wi `ycv‡ki ‡KvwU ‡KvwU UvKvi Kv‡Vi
KviLvbv I ‡gwkbcÎ ‡`L‡Z ‡`L‡Z QvB n‡q ‡Mj| `ycv‡ki
evwYR¨ GjvKviI AmsL¨ ‡`vKvbcvU I evwYR¨‡K‡›`Öi ‡Kv‡bv
wPý iBj bv| XvKv kni ZZ¶‡Y wb¯—ä GK ‡cÖZcyix| Gi
g‡a¨ XvKvi AevOvjx I wenvwiiv gvwj‡Uvjv, eveyevRvi, kvLvwi
cwÆ, ZvuwZevRvi, myZvi bMi, ‡Mvcvj bMi cÖf…wZ GjvKvq
nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ Zvj wgwj‡q Pvjvj jyUcvU I nZ¨vKvÊ|
‡eZv‡i ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv
25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jvivwÎi wZ³Zv I nZvkv‡K e‡q wb‡q Gj 26
gvP© '71-Gi mKvj| GiB g‡a¨ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K GK
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PÆMÖvg ‡Rjv AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mfvcwZ Rbve Avãyj nvbœvb|
wZwb e½eÜyi ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi eivZ w`‡q G evYx cÖPvi K‡ib
gvÎ 5 wgwb‡Ui Rb¨| GiciB wb¯—ä n‡q wM‡qwQj PÆMÖvg
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cÖwZev`x KÚ‡K ¯—ä K‡i w`j| Ggwb GK Amnbxq cwiw¯’wZi
gv‡S nVvr mܨv 7Uv 40 wgwb‡U PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡Kvb GK Rv`yi
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m‡½ ‡NvlYv Kij, '¯^vaxb evsjv wec¬ex ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K
ejwQ| bvmi“g wgbvj¬v‡n Iqv dvZûb Kvwig|' ‡NvlK wQ‡jb
PÆMÖvg dwUKQwo K‡j‡Ri fvBm wcÖwÝcvj Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg
m›Øxc| Abyôv‡bi ïi“‡Z cweÎ ‡KviAvb cvV Ki‡jb PÆMÖvg
‡eZv‡ii Kwe I MxwZKvi Rbve Ave`ym mvjvg| c‡i e½eÜy
KZ…©K ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Bs‡iwR n¨vÛwe‡ji e½vbyev` cvV
Ki‡jb Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg m›Øxc| ¯^vaxb evsjv wec¬ex ‡eZvi
‡K›`Ö PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNv‡U ¯’vcb Kiv nq| 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqv
GB ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K fvlY ‡`b| wZwb ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×
‡`kevmx‡K AskMÖn‡Yi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| 28 gvP© ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
‡_‡K Zvi IB fvlY K¨v‡Þb kg‡mi gyweb ‡PŠayix mvivw`b
cvV K‡ib|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi wØZxq Awa‡ek‡b e½eÜyi c¶
‡_‡K ‡gRi wRqvi ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv wQj GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© NUbv|
Rbve kvgmyj nK ‡PŠayixi 'gyw³hy‡× gywRe bMi' eBwU‡Z
‡gRi wRqvi ¯^K‡É ‡Uc ‡_‡K D×…Z Bs‡iwR fvlYwUi
cÖwZwjwc I Zvi e½vbyev` ‡`Iqv Av‡Q| ‡NvlYvwU wb‡P Zy‡j
‡`Iqv n‡jv :
the goverment of the sovereign state of Bangladesh,
on behalf of our great leader, the supreme com-
mander of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, we
hereby proclaim the independence of Bangladesh
and the goverment headed by Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman, the sole leader of the elected representa-
tives of the seventy five million people of Bangladesh
is the only legitimate government of the people of the
independent sovereign state of Bangladesh, which is
legally and constitutionally formed and is worthy of
being recognized by all the goverments of the world.
I therefore, appeal on behalf of our great leader
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to the governments of all
the democratic countries of the world, specially the
big powers and the neighbouring countries to recog-
nise the legal government of
Bangladesh and take effective steps to
stop immediately the awful genocide that has
been carried on by the army of occupations from
Pakistan. The guiding principle of the new state will
be first neutrality, second peace and third friendship
to all and enemity to now. May Allah help us. Joy
Bangla.
(Z‡e Avwg wb‡Ri Kv‡b ‡h ‡UcwU ï‡bwQ Zv‡Z wQj, i major
zia, do here by declare the independence of
Bangladesh on behalf of our great national leader,
Bongobondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, joy bangla. -
wcqvj)
e½vbyev` : Avgv‡`i gnvb ‡bZv, evsjv‡`‡ki GK”QÎ bvqK
‡kL gywRei ingv‡bi c‡¶ Avgiv GZØviv evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv KiwQ| Ges ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h ‡kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ BwZg‡a¨ miKvi MwVZ n‡q‡Q| GZØviv
Av‡iv ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡”Q ‡h ‡kL gywReyi ingvbB ¯^vaxb
mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ‡KvwU gvby‡li wbe©vwPZ
cÖwZwbwa‡`i GKgvÎ ‡bZv Ges Zvi ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb miKviB
¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k iv‡óÖi RbM‡bi GKgvÎ ‰ea
miKvi, hv AvBbm¤§Z I wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ges
hv c…w_exi me miKvi KZ…©K ¯^xK…wZ cvevi ‡hvM¨|
Kv‡RB Avwg Avgvi gnvb ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶
c…w_exi me MYZvwš¿K ivóÖ, we‡kl K‡i e…nr kw³eM© I
cÖwZ‡ekx ivóÖmg~‡ni Kv‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki ‰ea miKv‡ii
¯^xK…wZ`vb I cvwK¯—v‡bi `Lj`vi evwnbx KZ…©K msNwUZ
fqven MYnZ¨v‡K Zvr¶wYKfv‡e eÜ Kivi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³
e¨e¯’v ‡bIqvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q| msL¨vMwiô RbM‡Yi
‰eafv‡e wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaeM©‡K wew”QbœZvev`x wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
Kiv GKwU wbg©g Zvgvkv Ges m‡Z¨i ei‡Ljvc gvÎ, hvi Øviv
Kv‡ivB weåvš— nIqv DwPZ bq| bZyb ivóÖ cwiPvjbvi bxwZ
n‡e cÖ_g wbi‡c¶Zv, wØZxq kvwš— Ges Z…Zxq Kv‡iv m‡½
kÎyZv bq| Avj¬vn Avgv‡`i mnvq nDb, Rq evsjv| (Pj‡e)
30 gvP© '71 cvwK¯—vb wegvb evwnbx ‡evgvel©Y K‡i PÆMÖv‡gi
KvjyiNvU ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi cÖPyi ¶wZmvab K‡i|
GB ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K 26 gvP© ‡_‡K 30 gvP© ch©š— cÖPvwiZ Abyôv‡bi
‡Uc ‡_‡K aviYK…Z Ask 'evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i `wjjcÎ'
87
m~wPcÎ |
MÖ‡š’i 5g L‡Û Qvcv n‡q‡Q| ‡hLv‡b ‡gRi wRqvi Aci GKwU
fvl‡Yi Bs‡iwR I evsjv cÖwZwjwc i‡q‡Q| wb‡P Zv D×…Z Kiv
n‡jv :
I, Major Zia of Bengal Liberation Army. This is Major
Zia , the leader of Bengal Liberation Army speaking
on the support of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman.
bvix wbh©vZ‡bi Kvwnbx
XvKvi ey‡K hZ¸‡jv bvix wbh©vZb ‡K›`Ö wQj, ivRvievM cywjk
jvBb ZviB Ab¨Zg| 25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jviv‡Z nvbv`viiv hLb
cywjkjvBb AvKªgY K‡i ZLb GmGd K¨vw›U‡b iv‡eqv LvZyb
bv‡gi GKRb gwnjv myBcvi Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| wZwb ivRvievM
bvix wbh©vZ‡bi cÖZ¨¶`k©x I mv¶x| Zvi e³e¨ GLv‡b Zy‡j
aiv n‡jv :
'nvgjvi w`b Avwg ivRvievM e¨vivK Svoy w`‡q ‡mLv‡bB
wQjvg| Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjv, ‡evgv Avi U¨v‡¼i Aweivg KvbdvUv
MR©‡b Avwg f‡q K¨vw›U‡b KvZ n‡q c‡o ‡_‡K _i_wi‡q
KvcwQjvg| 26 gvP© mKv‡j I‡`i Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjvi gy‡L
wUK‡Z cv‡iwb ZZ¶Y ch©š— cÖej cÖwZ‡iva M‡o ‡Zvjv exi
cywjkiv| mKv‡j Iiv GmGd e¨viv‡Ki Pviw`‡K Av¸b
jvwM‡q ‡`q Ges e¨viv‡K cÖ‡ek K‡i evOvjx cywjk‡`i bv‡K
gy‡L, mviv‡`‡n ‡eq‡bU I e¨vUb PvR© Ki‡Z Ki‡Z, ey‡Ui jvw_
gvi‡Z gvi‡Z ‡ei K‡i wb‡q AvmwQj| K¨vw›U‡bi Kvgiv ‡_‡K
e›`y‡Ki b‡ji gy‡L Avgv‡KI ‡ei K‡i Avbv nq|
Avgv‡K jvw_ ‡g‡i gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j K‡qKRb Avgvi Ici
cÖKv‡k¨ cvkweK AZ¨vPvi KiwQj I AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U
cowQj|
Dch©cywi AZ¨vPv‡i Avwg hLb g…ZcÖvq ZLb cÖvY evuPv‡bvi Rb¨
I‡`i Kv‡Q KvZi wgbwZ Rvbvw”Qjvg| nvDgvD K‡i
Kvu`wQjvg Avi ejwQjvg Avgv‡K ‡g‡iv bv| Avwg myBcvi|
Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ‡dj‡j ‡Zvgv‡`i cvqLvbv I b`©gv cwi®‹vi
Kivi Rb¨ ‡KD _vK‡e bv| GB cywjk jvBb i³ I jv‡ki cPv
M‡Ü gvby‡li emev‡mi A‡hvM¨ n‡q co‡e| ‡Zvgv‡`i cv‡q
cwo Avgv‡K ‡g‡ivbv| ZLb GK cvÄvex KyKyi Avgvi ‡Kvg‡ii
Ici e‡m Avgv‡K wbh©vZb KiwQj, Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ‡dj‡j
cywjk jvBb cwi®‹vi Kivi ‡KD _vK‡e bv GB Dcjwä‡Z
Avgv‡K ‡Q‡o GK cvÄvex ‡mbv agK w`‡q ej‡Z _v‡K- wVK
n¨vq, Zyg‡Kv ‡Qvo w`qv Rv‡qMv ‡Riv ev`| Zyg evnvi ‡bwn
wbK‡jMv| nvi Iqv³ jvBbci nvwRi iv‡nMv|
cvÄvex ‡mbviv ivRvKvi I `vjvj‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq ivRavbxi
¯‹yj K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKv I AwfRvZ Rbc` ‡_‡K eû
evOvjx hyeZx ‡g‡q, iƒcmx gwnjv I my›`ix evwjKv‡`i wRc I
wgwjUvwi UÖv‡K K‡i cywjk jvB‡bi wewfbœ e¨viv‡K Rgv Ki‡Z
_v‡K| Avwg K¨vw›U‡bi ‡WÖb cwi®‹vi KiwQjvg| ‡`Ljvg
Avgvi mvg‡b w`‡q wRc I UÖvK ‡_‡K jvBb K‡i eû evwjKv,
hyeZx I gwnjv‡K GmGd K¨vw›U‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q e¨viv‡K ivLv
n‡jv| eû ‡g‡q‡K ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi wewìs‡qi Ici Zjvi
e¨viv‡K i“‡g wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv| Avi Aewkó hv‡`i e¨viv‡K
VuvB n‡jv bv Zv‡`i eviv›`vq `vuo Kwi‡q ivLv n‡jv| AwaKvsk
‡g‡qi nv‡Z eBLvZv ‡`Ljvg| A‡bK iƒcmx hyeZxi ‡`‡n
Aj¼vi ‡`Ljvg| Zv‡`i AwaKvs‡ki ‡PvL ‡e‡q A‡Sv‡i Kvbœv
SiwQj|
Gici Avi¤¢ n‡jv evOvjx ‡g‡q‡`i Ici exfrm cvkweK
wbh©vZb| jvBb ‡_‡K cvÄvwe ‡mbviv Db¥Ë AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U
c‡o e¨viv‡Ki g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z jvMj| e¨viv‡K Xy‡KB Iiv
cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi ci‡bi Kvco Ly‡j G‡Kev‡i Dj½ K‡i jvw_
‡g‡i gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j ‡g‡Z DVj cvkweKZvq| Avwg ‡WÖb
cwi®‹vi Kivi Awfbq KiwQjvg Avi ‡`LwQjvg I‡`i exfrm
‰ckvwPKZv| I‡`i gË Dj¬v‡mi mvg‡b ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q Uy-kãwU
ch©š— Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
‡`Ljvg ee©i cvÄvwe cïiv GB wbixn ‡g‡q‡`i ïay al©Y K‡iB
‡Q‡o ‡`qwb| ‡mB m‡½ iv¶‡mi g‡Zv aviv‡jv `vuZ w`‡q ¯—b
I Mv‡ji gvsm Kvg‡o i³v³ K‡i w`‡”Q| I‡`i wb`©q Kvg‡o
A‡bK KwP ‡g‡qi ¯—b gvsmmn D‡V AvmwQj| ‡g‡q‡`i Mvj-
‡cU-Nvo, eyK, ‡VvU, wcV I ‡Kvg‡oi Ask I‡`i Aweivg
Kvg‡o i³v³| ‡hme evOvjx hyeZx I‡`i cvkweKZvi wkKvi
n‡Z A¯^xKvi Kij, ‡`Ljvg Zr¶Yvr cvÄvexiv I‡`i Pyj
‡U‡b G‡b ¯—b ‡Qviv ‡g‡i ‡U‡b wQ‡o ‡d‡j w`‡q ¸ß ¯’v‡b
e›`y‡Ki bj, ‡eq‡bU I aviv‡jv Qywi XywK‡q w`‡q ‡mB
exiv½bv‡`i cweÎ ‡`n wQbœwfbœ K‡i w`w”Qj| A‡bK cï ‡QvU
‡QvU evwjKv‡`i Ici cvkweK AZ¨vPvi K‡i I‡`i Amvo
i³v³ ‡`n evB‡i G‡b `yR‡b `y'cv a‡i `yw`‡K ‡U‡b PoPwo‡q
wQ‡o ‡djwQj|
Avwg me ‡`LwQjvg ‡mLv‡b e‡m e‡m Avi ‡WÖb cwi®‹vi
KiwQjvg| cvÄvexiv g` ‡L‡q hvi ‡h ‡g‡q B”Qv Zvi IciB
cvkweK wbh©vZb Pvjvw”Qj| ïay ‡h mvaviY
cvÄvex ‡mbvivB GB cvkweKZvq ‡hvM w`‡qwQj
Zv bq, mKj D”Pc`¯’ mvgwiK AwdmviivI g`
‡L‡q mviv¶Y GB Amnvq ‡g‡q‡`i Ici wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Zv|
‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q GK gyn~‡Z©i Aemi cvqwb| G‡`i Aweivg
AZ¨vPv‡i eû KwP evwjKv ‡mLv‡bB KvZiv‡Z KvZiv‡Z ‡kl
wbtk¦vm Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| ciw`b Gme ‡g‡qi jvk evwK‡`i
mvg‡b Qywi w`‡q KywPKywP K‡i ‡K‡U e¯—vq f‡i evB‡i ‡d‡j
w`Z|
Gme ‡g‡q‡`i wbg©g cwiYwZ ‡`‡L Ab¨iv Av‡iv fxZmš¿¯¿
n‡q coZ| Ges ‡¯^”Qvq ee©i‡`i jvjmvi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y
KiZ| ‡hme ‡g‡q cÖv‡Y evuPvi Rb¨ I‡`i mv‡_ me©‡Zvfv‡e
mn‡hvwMZv K‡i Zv‡`i ‡cQ‡b Ny‡i ‡ewi‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i‡KI
‡invB ‡`qv nqwb| c`¯’ mvgwiK Awdmviiv Zv‡`i Ici
mw¤§wjZ wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q nVvr GKw`b GKRb‡K a‡i Qywi w`‡q
Zvi ¯—b ‡K‡U, ¸ß ¯’v‡b aviv‡jv A¯¿ XywK‡q AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U
co‡Z co‡Z wUÖMvi ‡U‡b w`Z|
‡g‡q‡`i cïi g‡Zv jvw_ gvi‡Z gvi‡Z Ges ‡cUv‡Z ‡cUv‡Z
‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii ‡`vZjv, ‡ZZjv I PviZjvq DwV‡q Dj½
Ae¯’vq `vuo Kwi‡q ivLv nZ| cvÄvex ‡mbviv wb‡R‡`i Kv‡R
hvIqvi Av‡M ‡g‡q‡`i jvw_ ‡g‡i Avevi Kvgivq XywK‡q Zvjv
‡g‡i P‡j ‡hZ| eû ‡g‡q‡K ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii Ici Zjvq
eviv›`vi ‡gvUv ‡jvnvi Zv‡i Py‡ji mv‡_ ‡e‡a Sywj‡q ivLv
n‡Zv| cÖwZw`b cvÄvweiv ‡mLv‡b hvZvqvZ KiZ| ‡KD ‡KD
Amnvq ‡g‡q‡`i Dj½ kix‡i e¨vUb w`‡q wcwU‡q Avb›` ‡cZ,
Avevi ‡KD ¯—‡bi Ask aviv‡jv `vZ ev A¯¿ w`‡q ‡K‡U wb‡q
AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U coZ| ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q Gme AZ¨vPv‡i ‡Kv‡bv
cÖKvi wPrKvi Kivi ‡Póv Ki‡j Zvi ¸ß¯’v‡b ‡jvnvi iW
XywK‡q Zr¶Yvr nZ¨v Kiv n‡Zv|
cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi nvZ evav wQj ‡cQ‡bi w`‡K Ges Zv‡`i k~‡b¨
Sywj‡q ivLv n‡qwQj| A‡bK mgq cvÄvex ‡mbviv G‡m IB
Syjš— ‡g‡q‡`i G‡jvcv_vwo ‡e`g cÖnvi K‡i ‡hZ| cÖwZw`b
GiKg weivgnxb AZ¨vPv‡i ‡g‡q‡`i kix‡ii gvsm ‡K‡U i³
SiZ| Kv‡iv gy‡Li mvg‡bi `uvZ wQj bv, ‡Vuv‡Ui `yw`‡Ki gvsm
‡U‡b wQu‡o ‡djv n‡qwQj| ‡jvnvi i‡Wi Aweivg wcUywb‡Z
cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi AvOyj, nv‡Zi Zvjy ‡f‡O ¸‡ov n‡q wM‡qwQj|
Gme AZ¨vPvwiZ ‡g‡q‡`i GKgyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ nv‡Zi I Py‡ji
euvab Ly‡j ‡`Iqv n‡Zv bv- GgbwK cvqLvbv cÖmÖv‡ei Rb¨I
bv| ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii IciZjvq eviv›`vq Zviv nvZ euvav
88
m~wPcÎ |
Ae¯’vq cvqLvbv cÖmÖve KiZ| Avwg cÖwZw`b ‡mLv‡b wM‡q
‡mme cwi®‹vi KiZvg|
Avwg A‡bKevi ‡`‡LwQ wbg©g AZ¨vPv‡ii wkKvi Gme ‡g‡qiv
A‡b‡KB Syjš— Ae¯’v‡ZB g…Zy¨eiY K‡i‡Q| cÖwZw`b mKv‡j
‡mB euvab ‡_‡K evOvjx hyeZx‡`i wefrm g…Z‡`n cvÄvex‡`i
bvgv‡Z ‡`‡LwQ| Avgv‡K w`‡bi ‡ejvq ‡mLv‡b ‡mB e›`x
gwnjv‡`i cywZMÜgq eR¨© cwi®‹vi Kivi Rb¨ mvivw`b Dcw¯’Z
_vK‡Z n‡Zv| cÖwZw`b ivRvievM cywjk jvB‡bi e¨vivK ‡_‡K
I ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi Awd‡mi IciZjv ‡_‡K eû wbh©vwZZvi
¶Zwe¶Z weK…Z jvk Iiv cv‡q iwk ‡eu‡a ‡QP‡o wb‡q ‡hZ|
Ges ‡mB RvqMvq ivRavbxi bvbv GjvKv ‡_‡K a‡i Avbv bZyb
‡g‡q‡`i Py‡ji mv‡_ Sywj‡q ‡e‡a Dj½ K‡i bZyb D`¨‡g
wbg©g wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Zv|
Gme Dj½ wbixn ‡g‡q‡`i cvÄvex ‡mbviv mviv¶Y cÖniv
w`Z| ‡Kv‡bv evOvjx‡K ‡mLv‡b XyK‡Z ‡`qv n‡Zv bv| Avi
Avwg Qvov Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv myBcv‡iiI ‡mLv‡b cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wQj
bv| ‡g‡q‡`i nvRv‡iv KvZi AvnvRvwi‡Z Avwg B”Qv _vKv
m‡Ë¡I Zv‡`i evuPv‡bvi ‡Kv‡bv f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cvwi bvB|
1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡kl w`‡K Lye ‡fv‡i
‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii IciZjvq mvivivZ Syjš— ‡g‡q‡`i gjg~~Î
cwi®‹vi KiwQjvg, G mgq GK ‡g‡qi Ki“Y AvwZ©‡Z e¨w_Z
n‡q cwo Ges ‡g_‡ii Kvco cwo‡q Zv‡K gy³ K‡i cywjk
jvB‡bi evB‡i wbivc‡` w`‡q Avwm| m½Z Kvi‡YB Zvi bvg-
wVKvbv cÖKvk Kijvg bv| ‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci ‡mB ‡g‡q‡K
Avi ‡`wLwb|
1971 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbx XvKv cÖ‡e‡ki
AvM ch©š— cvÄvexiv Gme ‡g‡q‡`i Ici GKB Kvq`vq
cvkweK AZ¨vPvi Pvwj‡q ‡M‡Q| wW‡m¤^‡ii cÖ_g mßv‡n
wgÎevwnbx XvKvq ‡evgv ‡djvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvÄvex ‡mbviv
GBme ‡g‡q‡`i ‡eq‡bU w`‡q LywP‡q LywP‡q nZ¨v K‡i|
ivRvievM ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi Awd‡mi Ici Zjvq mg¯— K¶ I
eviv›`vq Gme exiv½bvi ZvRv i³ RgvU ‡eu‡a wQj|
wW‡m¤^‡i gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbx exiweKª‡g XvKvq cÖ‡ek
Ki‡j ivRviev‡Mi IBme ee©i nv‡qbvi `j AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i|
XvKvi gxicy‡i cÖwZ‡iva
ivRviev‡Mi Avg©W mveB݇c±i Rbve Avãym ‡mvenvb 25 gvP©
'71 gxicyi 10 b¤^‡i Ri“ix Un‡j wQ‡jb| wZwb 37 Rb
cywj‡ki GK c¬vUyb wb‡q gxicyi _vbvq hvb| ivRvievM cywjk
jvB‡b cvKevwnbxi nvgjvi Lei ZZ¶‡Y Zviv ‡c‡q ‡M‡Qb|
‡gvnv¤§`cyi Avmv`‡M‡Ui w`‡K fxlY ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q
‡M‡Q, R¡j‡Q ivRavbx XvKv| Avãym ‡mvenv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 37
R‡bi `jwU gxicy‡ii BU‡Lvjvi ‡fZ‡i cwRkb wb‡q A‡c¶v
KiwQ‡jb| gxicy‡ii BwcAvi K¨v‡¤úi ‡Rvqvb‡`i m‡½
nvbv`vi‡`i GKNÈv a‡i Zygyj msNl© P‡j| Gici cvK‡mbviv
BwcAvi‡`i e›`x K‡i wZbwU UÖv‡K K‡i wb‡q hvw”Qj| G‡`i
m‡½B msNl© ïi“ nq 37 cywj‡ki| cywjk‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Kv‡Q
wQj 20 ivDÛ K‡i ¸wj| Zv dywi‡q G‡j, Zviv wcQy nU‡Z
eva¨ nb| c‡i Zviv Kj¨vYcy‡i evOvjx GjvKvq wM‡q cywj‡ki
‡cvkvK ‡Q‡o QvÎ-RbZvi m‡½ wg‡k hvb| 26 gvP© ïKªevi
KviwdDi g‡a¨ AmsL¨ wenvix evOvjx K‡jvwb‡Z Av¸b jvwM‡q
w`‡q jyUcvU I bvbv AZ¨vPvi ïi“ K‡i| ZLb QÙ‡ekx
cywjkiv Zv‡`i Ici ¸wj Pvjvq| G‡Z `yRb wenvix NUbv¯’‡j
gviv hvq| evwKiv cvjvq|
XvKvi wcjLvbv
'71-Gi gv‡P©i cÖ_g mßv‡n 22 ‡ejyP‡K wcjLvbv‡Z Avbv
nq| gv‡P©i Z…Zxq mßv‡n evOvjx BwcAviiv c¨v‡iW MÖvD‡Ûi
eUMv‡Qi gv_vq cÖ_g RvZxq cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib| Avi
GivB n‡”Qb evsjv‡`‡ki mvgwiK I cÖwZi¶v wefvM¸‡jvi
g‡a¨ cÖ_g, hviv GB `ytmvnm ‡`Lvb| evsjvi exi mš—vb
j¨vÝbv‡qK evkvi GB cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib| c‡i Zv‡K
wbôyifv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq|
25 gvP© ivZ 1Uv 5 wgwb‡U 22 ‡ejyP ‡iwR‡g›U wcjLvbv
AvKªgY K‡i| wcjLvbvi 2500 evOvjx RIqvb I Awdmvi‡`i
g‡a¨ Qq kZvwaK AÜKv‡i cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z mg nb| evwK
mevB‡K AvUK K‡i ‡gvnv¤§`cyi e›`xwkwe‡i cvVv‡bv nq|
G‡`i g‡a¨ mvZ kZvwaK‡K ‡eq‡bU PvR© I ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v
Kiv nq| evwKiv cvwj‡q wM‡q ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Ask ‡bb|
`xN© mv‡o bq gv‡mi gyw³hy‡× cÖvq GK nvRvi BwcAvi m`m¨
‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ Rxeb DrmM© K‡ib| wcjLvbvq
nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ evOvjx‡`i GK LÛ hy× nq| G‡Z GKRb
‡jd‡Ub¨v›Umn 6 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| GKRb cvÄvex
BwcAvi ‡gvnv¤§` Lvb‡KI nZ¨v Kiv nq| GB hy‡× ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b
MvW©KgvÛvi bv‡qK Rwni“j nK|
eskvj dvuwoi cÖwZ‡iva
25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jviv‡Z wKQy msL¨K cvK‡mbv eskvj dvuwo
AvKªgY Ki‡Z wM‡q `vi“Y cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡LvgywL nq| Awek¦vm¨
n‡jI dvuwoi ‡fZi ‡_‡K ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj Zv‡`i Af¨_©bv
Rvbvq| `yc‡¶ hy× ïi“ nq| wKQy¶Y ‡Mvjv¸wji ci
nvbv`viiv cvwj‡q hvq| GB cÖwZ‡iv‡ai bvqK wQ‡jb mycwiwPZ
Kv‡`i ¸Ûv I Zvi KRb mvM‡i`| ‡gwkbMvbwU wQj ZviB!
XvKv kn‡i mk¯¿ cÖwZ‡iva
‡jt Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mbmn 16 Rb hyeK 27 gvP© XvKv ‡mbvwbevm
‡_‡K cvwj‡q hvb| ‡ZRMvu WÖvg d¨v±wii Kv‡Q BwcAvi,
Avbmvi, cywjk, QvÎ, kÖwgK, K…lKiv wg‡j gyw³evwnbx MVb
K‡i| G‡`i msL¨v cÖvq mv‡o wZb‡kvi Ici| ‡jt Av‡bvqvi
GB `‡ji ‡bZ…Z¡ MÖnY K‡ib| ‡ZRMvu ‡ijjvB‡bi Aciw`‡K
nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ Zv‡`i msNl© nq| G‡Z wbnZ nq 126 Rb
cvK‡mbv| AvnZ nq A‡bK| aŸsm nq nvbv`vi‡`i 3wU
Mvwo| eû A¯¿ `L‡j Av‡m gyw³ evwnbxi|
30 gvP© '71 ‡jt Av‡bvqvi mn 10 Rb gyw³‡hv×v gnvLvwj‡Z
‡iwK Ki‡Z hvb, ‡mLv‡b Zviv nvbv`vi‡`i A¨vgey‡k c‡ob|
BwcAvi kvgmyj Avjg GLv‡b knx` nb, evKxiv ‡Lv`vi A‡kl
ing‡Z A¶Z ‡`‡n wd‡i Av‡mb| 31 gvP© ivZ 3Uvq Avmv`
‡M‡Ui Kv‡Q nvbv`vi‡`i Ae¯’v‡b AvKªgY K‡i gyw³evwnbx|
G‡Z 5 Rb kÎy‡mbv wbnZ nq| 1 GwcÖj ‡fvi 5Uvq cÖPyi A¯¿
I ‰mb¨ wb‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Ici nvgjv K‡i| exi weKª‡g hy×
K‡i knx` nb A‡bK gyw³‡hv×v| ‡jt Av‡bvqvimn 7 Rb
cvK‡mbv‡`i nv‡Z e›`x nb| 27 gvP© '71 nvbv`vi evwnbx 6wU
wR‡c XvKv ‡_‡K b`xe›`i bvivqYM‡Äi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv nq|
Zviv 10 gvBj `xN© iv¯—vi `ycv‡k RbMY‡K wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj
Pvwj‡q nZ¨v K‡i| gU©vi ‡kj I Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjvq R¡vwj‡q ‡`q
AmsL¨ Nievwo| kn‡ii DcK‡É ‡RwU gvm`vB‡i cÖPÊ
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L co‡Z nq Zv‡`i| nvbv`viiv Rvwgj
WKBqv‡W©i gvwjK I gvm`vB‡ii evwm›`v Rwmgyj nK I Zvi
¯¿x‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| 29 gvP© kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i Zviv|
UvbevRv‡ii QvÎwjM mfvcwZ 18 eQ‡ii Zi“Y ‡gvkviid
‡nv‡mb gbv I e›`i nvB¯‹y‡ji mvaviY m¤úv`K Kg©exi wPˇK
QvÎjxM Kvh©vj‡q nZ¨v K‡i|
89
m~wPcÎ |
wRwÄivi ee©iZv
2 GwcÖj mKv‡j KyL¨vZ weÖ‡MwWqvi ekx‡ii wb‡`©‡k cvK Rj¬v`
evwnbxi bicïiv ‡KivbxM‡Ä BwZnv‡mi Ab¨Zg RNb¨ nvgjv
Pvjvq| Zviv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg jyÚb K‡i, R¡vwj‡q cywo‡q ‡`q|
ee©iiv wRwÄiv, ïfvW¨v I Kvwjw›` BDwbq‡b wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj
Pvjvq- AvKªvš— nq cÖwZwU MÖv‡gi cÖwZwU Ni| awl©Zv nq
GjvKvi cÖwZwU gv-‡evb| i‡³i MOv eB‡q w`j Iiv
‡KivbxM‡Ä| cÖwZwU Nievwo, ‡SuvcSvo, bvjvb`©gv, cyKyi‡Wvev
Avi Kvkeb ‡_‡K cvIqv ‡Mj AmsL¨ jvk| ‡Lvjv gv‡VI c‡o
wQj nvRvi jvk| kni ‡_‡K wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi Avkvq cvjv‡bv
eû AcwiwPZ gvbylI wQj G‡`i g‡a¨| gv›`vBj Wv‡Ki
mo‡Ki mvg‡bi cyKyi cv‡i cïiv GKm‡½ 60 Rb‡K ¸wj
K‡i gv‡i| Kvwjw›`i GK evwo‡Z wckvPiv cvkweK AZ¨vPvi
Kivi ci nZ¨v K‡i 11 Rb bvix‡K|
gay`v
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎQvÎx mK‡ji gay `v, gaymy`b ‡`
weL¨vZ gayi K¨vw›U‡bi gvwjK| Avi GB K¨vw›UbB wQj XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ ivRbxwZi m~wZKvMvi| GLvb ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q
A‡b‡KB Rxe‡bi wmuwo ‡e‡q cÖwZôvi c‡_, L¨vwZi kx‡l©,
wewfbœ gnKygv I ‡Rjv cÖkvmK n‡q‡Qb, A‡bK ‡`ke‡iY¨
‡bZvI Av‡Qb GB ZvwjKvq| '52 mv‡ji ¯§…wZPvi‡Y gay`v
e‡jwQ‡jb, 'eiKZ Pv ‡L‡q `ª“Z ‡ewi‡q ‡Mj, Avi GKw`b
Avmv`I Ggwb Pv ‡L‡q K¨vw›Ub ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q wgwQ‡j
wM‡qwQj| Avi ‡d‡iwb|'
GB gayi K¨vw›U‡b A‡bK knx‡`i ¯§…wZ Zc©Y n‡q‡Q| wKš‘
mevi wcÖq gay`v i‡q ‡M‡Qb 25 gv‡P©i cÖZx¶vq| gay`v
mcwiev‡i RMbœv_ n‡ji cv‡k wkeevwo‡Z _vK‡Zb| 26 gvP©
mKv‡j AvKªvš— n‡jv wkeevwo, nvbv`viiv wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kij
gay`vi ‡Q‡j iYwRr I cyÎeay ivbx‡K| GB ee©‡ivwPZ
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x cwiev‡ii GKwU ‡g‡q ivby| ‡QvU `v`vevey I
‡eŠw`‡K evuPv‡Z Qy‡U wM‡qwQj ‡m| nvbv`viiv Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i
hvi GKwU Zvi ‡Pvqv‡j jv‡M Ab¨wU eyK ‡f` K‡i hvq- wKš‘
ZviciI ‡eu‡P hvq ivby| Gici ee©iiv gay`v‡K ¸wj K‡i|
Zv‡K evuPv‡Z wM‡q ¸wji AvNv‡Z jywU‡q co‡jb Zvi Aš—t¯^Ë¡v
¯¿x| ¸wj ‡L‡qI gay`v A‡bK¶Y ‡eu‡P wQ‡jb|
¸wj K‡i P‡j hvIqvi NÈvLv‡bK ci Avevi wd‡i G‡m Zv‡K
AvnZve¯’vq Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| RMbœv_ n‡ji gv‡V nZ¨v Kiv nq
mevi wcÖq gay`v‡K| NUbvi 14 w`b ci ch©š— wkeevwo‡Z
c‡owQj gayeveyi ‡Q‡j, ‡Q‡jeD I ¯¿xi jvk| Ggwb K‡iB
wbg~©j Kiv nq msMÖv‡gi GB Rxeš— cÖZxK‡K|
cvuP‡`vbvi msNl©
4 I 5 GwcÖj cvKevwnbx biwms`xi Ici ‡Mvjvel©Y K‡i| 13
GwcÖj ¯^qswKªq I AZ¨vaywbK A¯¿ wb‡q K‡qK'k cvK‡mbv
eveyinvU ‡_‡K hvÎv Kij biwms`xi D‡Ï‡k| kÎy‡mbv
enbKvix UÖv‡Ki Kbfq cvuP‡`vbvq ‡cuŠQ‡j AZwK©Zfv‡e
AvKªvš— nq| cÖ_‡g gU©vi I c‡i K‡qK SvuK ‡gwkbMv‡bi
¸wji wkKvi nq Zviv| `y NÈve¨vcx GB hy‡× nvbv`vi‡`i wZb
UÖvK ‰mb¨ nZvnZ nq| G‡`i msL¨v 100-i ‡ewk| Zv‡`i
wZbwU UÖvKI A‡K‡Rv n‡q hvq| ZvB nZvnZ‡`i Ab¨ UÖv‡K
DwV‡q A‡K‡Rv Mvwo¸‡jv ‡d‡j cvwj‡q hvq nvbv`viiv| ‡h
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZxeÖ AvKªg‡Y GKwU mymw¾Z I mywkw¶Z
‡mbv`j‡K AZ¨vaywbK A‡¯¿i AwaKvix nIqvi ciI cvjv‡Z
n‡jv Zv‡`i msL¨v wQj gvÎ 18 Rb| Zv‡`i A‡¯¿i g‡a¨ wQj
ïay GKwU gU©vi I GKwU ‡gwkbMvb!
XvKvq ‡Mwijv ZrciZv
K¨v‡Þb nvq`v‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ AvMiZjvq GKwU K¨v‡¤ú Kgv‡Ûv
AvKªg‡Yi Kjv‡KŠkj ‡kLv‡bv nw”Qj| 2 bs ‡m±i KgvÛvi
Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid GB K¨v‡¤úi 16 Rb Kgv‡Ûv‡K wb‡q GKwU
myBmvBW ‡¯‹vqvW MVb K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ
m‡iRwg‡b ‡`Lvi Rb¨ Ryb gv‡m wek¦e¨vs‡Ki GKwU
cÖwZwbwa`j XvKvq Av‡m| Lei ‡c‡q ‡gRi Lv‡j` Zvi
myBmvBW ‡¯‹vqvW‡K XvKvq cvVvb| XvKv Avmvi c‡_ `‡ji 4
Rb ‡¯^”Qvq wew”Qbœ n‡q wd‡i hvb| evwK 12 R‡bi cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki
Kv‡Q wQj 4wU K‡i ‡MÖ‡bW I 20 cvDÛ we‡ùviK| 6 Ryb Zviv
XvKv kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| 8 Ryb wRbœvn GwfwbD‡Z ‡MÖ‡bW
we‡ùviY NUvb| Ges `ycyi 2 Uvi w`‡K XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui
GK mvgwiK Awdmv‡ii evmfe‡b ‡MÖ‡bW ‡Quv‡ob| 9 Ryb
mvgwiK Rvš—v wek¦ A_©‰bwZK mvnvh¨`vZv ms¯’vi m`m¨‡`i
m¤§v‡b ‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡b (GLb ‡kivUb) GK ‰bk ‡fv‡Ri
Av‡qvRb K‡ib| wcÖÝ m`i“wÏbmn ms¯’vi ‡ek wKQy cÖwZwbwa
I we‡`kx mvsevw`K ZLb ‡mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z
wQ‡jb| 6 Rb ‡Mwijv wbw`©ó mg‡q ‡nv‡U‡ji
g~j cÖ‡ekc‡_ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki cÖwZwbwa‡`i Mvwoi Ici
cici wZbwU ‡MÖ‡bW ‡Qvu‡ob| cy‡iv aŸsm n‡q hvq Zv|
we‡ùvi‡Yi weKU k‡ã ‡jvKR‡bi †QvUvQywU I wPrKvi ïi“
n‡q hvq| G‡Z we‡`kx cÖwZwbwa‡`i eyS‡Z Amyweav nqwb ‡h
evsjv‡`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ ‡gv‡UI ¯^vfvweK bq| Gw`‡K ‡Mwijviv
Mvwo Nywi‡q P‡j hvb igbv _vbvi Kv‡Q R‰bK RvgvZ ‡bZvi
evwo| ‡mLv‡b ZLb cvKevwnbxi `vjvj kvwš— KwgwUi GK
m‡¤§jb nw”Qj| nVvr K‡iB ‡Mwijviv Mvwo wb‡qB evwoi
‡fZi Xy‡K wZbwU ‡MÖ‡bW Qy‡o ‡ewi‡q Av‡mb| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K
Zviv hvb ‰`wbK cvwK¯—vb (c‡i ‰`wbK evsjv) I gwb©s wbDR
Awd‡mi mvg‡b| Pjš— Mvwo ‡_‡K Zviv msev`cÎ Awd‡mi
g‡a¨ ‡MÖ‡bW Qyu‡o K‡qKRb wek¦vmNvZK `vjvj‡K nZ¨v
K‡ib| c‡i ‡Mwijviv cyiv‡bv cë‡bi Mwj‡Z MvwoUv cwiZ¨vM
K‡i wbivc` AvkÖ‡q wd‡i hvb| cÖm½Z, 9 Ryb mܨvq ¸jkvb
GjvKvi GK AevOvjxi KvQ ‡_‡K MvwowU wQbZvB K‡ib
Zviv|
nvbv`vi evwnbxi GKUv K¨v¤ú wQj dvg©‡M‡U| GLv‡b GKRb
K¨v‡Þ‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wKQy ‡mcvB _vKZ| PjvPjKvix Mvwo I
cw_K‡`i Zviv AbymÜvb KiZ| G‡Z ‡Mwijv‡`i LyeB
Amyweav nw”Qj| ZvB AvM‡÷i ïi“‡Z 10 R‡bi GKwU ‡Mwijv
`j GB K¨v¤ú AvKªg‡Yi wm×vš— ‡bb| AvKªg‡Y Zviv `y‡Uv
Mvwo e¨envi K‡ib| 1 bs ev mvg‡bi MvwowU wQj
Acv‡ik‡bi, wØZxqwU wQj Zv‡`i Kvfvi ‡`Iqvi Rb¨|
dvg©‡MU IfviweÖ‡Ri iv¯—vi `ycv‡k ZLb cvKevwnbxi Kov
cÖniv wQj|
mܨv nq nq, Ggb mgq ‡Mwijviv ‡mLv‡b ‡cuŠ‡Q ‡`‡Lb
kÎy‡mbv‡`i K‡qKRb Uy‡ji Ici e‡m M‡í gk¸j, evwKiv
`vuwo‡q| cÖ_‡gB `yRb ‡Mwijv `y‡Uv GjGgwR w`‡q MvW©
`yRb‡K ¸wj K‡ib| Gici Mvwo ‡_‡K ‡b‡g eÖvkdvqvi ïi“
K‡ib K¨v‡¤úi ‡fZi| Z¡wir GB AvKªg‡Y nZf¤^ Lvb‡mbviv
Qy‡UvQywU ïi“ K‡i w`j| GiB g‡a¨ 1 bs Mvwoi WÖvBfvi
Ggbfv‡e Mvwo ‡Nviv‡jb ‡hb wWMevwR ‡L‡q Zv ‡mvRv nj!
‡Mwijv `yRb Mvwo‡Z D‡V nvbv`vi‡`i cÖavb K¨v¤ú j¶¨ K‡i
K‡qKUv ‡MÖ‡bW Qy‡ob| ‡Pv‡Li cj‡K A`…k¨ n‡q hvb Zviv
Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l, hv‡Z wbnZ nq 9 Rb Awdmvimn 17 Rb
kÎy‡mbv| GB Awfhvb¸‡jv Pvjvw”Q‡jb GKwU msNe× ‡Mwijv
`j hv‡`i WvKv n‡Zv gvqv (eZ©gvb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv
90
m~wPcÎ |
‡gvdv¾j ‡nv‡mb gvqv exi weKªg) Kª¨vKc¬vUyb bv‡g| AvM‡÷i
IB NUbvi ci 5 Rb ‡Mwijv GKwU U‡qvUv K‡ivjvq AvBDe
‡M‡Ui (Avmv` ‡MU) KvQ w`‡q hvw”Q‡jb| ZLb wgicy‡ii w`K
‡_‡K Avmv GK Avwg© Kbf‡qi gy‡LvgywL c‡o hvb Zviv|
‡c‡UÖvj ‡bqvi fvb K‡i U‡qvUv Kv‡Qi GK cv‡¤ú _vgv‡jb
‡Mwijviv| Kbfq GwM‡q Avmvi Av‡MB `ª“Z GKRb ‡Mwijv
iv¯—vq K‡qKwU gvBb ‡c‡Z ‡`b| Kbf‡qi cÖ_g `y‡Uv Mvwo
wbivc‡`B cvi n‡jv wKš‘ Z…Zxq MvwowUi PvKvi AvNv‡Z
Pviw`K ‡K‡c DVj we‡ùvi‡b| ZZ¶‡Y U‡qvUv nvB‡KvU© I
gqgbwmsn ‡iv‡Wi Kªwms‡qi UÖvwdK ivD‡Û ‡cŠ‡Q ‡M‡Q|
GLv‡b ‡Mwijviv we‡ùviK Qy‡o AevOvjx hvÎxevnx GKwU
Wvej‡WKvi evm‡K weaŸ¯— K‡ib|
ciw`b b_©mvD_ ‡iv‡Wi PvsIqv ‡i‡¯—vivi D‡ëvw`‡K iv¯—vq
`vuo Kiv‡bv `y‡Uv Avwg© wR‡ci PvKvi wb‡P Gg‡K14 gvBb
‡i‡L mU‡K c‡ob ‡Mwijviv| c¬vw÷K gvBb AvaNÈv ci cÖPÊ
k‡ã we‡ùvwiZ nq| GBm‡½ ‡Mwijviv Av‡iv wKQy Acv‡ikb
K‡ib, 1. M¨vwbR I ‡fvM d¨vkb wecYx ‡K›`Ö Acv‡ikb,
2.wMÖb‡ivW ‡gv‡oi ‡cUÖj cv¤ú Acv‡ikb- GLv‡b mv‡qÝ
j¨ve‡iUwii iv¯—vq Gg‡K16 gvB‡bi AvNv‡Z GKwU wgwjUvwi
wRc kÎy‡mbv mn D‡o hvq, 3. Kgjvcyi ‡÷kb Acv‡ikb, 4.
U‡qbwe mvK©yjvi ‡ivW Mfb©i nvD‡Ri cv‡k wcGbI (cvwK¯—vb
b¨vkbvj A‡qj ev `vD` ‡c‡UÖvwjqvg wjt) ‡cUÖj cv¤ú
Acv‡ikb|
GBme ‡Mwijv Acv‡ik‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wQj nvbv`vi evwnbx
AwaK…Z XvKv bMix‡ZB ‡h ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR Ki‡Q bv Zv
wek¦‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`Iqv| ‡Mwijv nvwd‡Ri evmvq cÖL¨vZ myiKvi
(Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKy‡k ‡deÖyqvwi) I wkíx
AvjZvd gvngy‡`i hvZvqvZ wQj| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Zvi Avš—
wiK mg_©b I ‡Mwijv ZrciZvq mwKªq mn‡hvwMZv wQj Zvi|
GK RvqMvq mg¯— A¯¿k¯¿ Rgv _vK‡j, hw` kÎy‡`i bR‡i
c‡o hvq Zvn‡j cy‡ivUvB nvZQvov n‡q hv‡e| ‡mBRb¨ wZwb
‡m¸‡jv wewfbœ RvqMvq fvMvfvwM K‡i ivLvi civgk© ‡`b|
wb‡Ri evmvqI wKQy wb‡q hvb| ‡Mwijv‡`i m‡½ Zvi cÖZ¨¶
‡hvMv‡hvM I Zvi evmvq iw¶Z A¯¿k¯¿ aiv covq cvKevwnbx
Zv‡K e›`x K‡i K¨v›Ub‡g›U wb‡q hvq Ges AK_¨ wbh©vZ‡bi
ci nZ¨v K‡i|
Gw`‡K ‡Mwijviv Av‡iv wKQy `ytmvnwmK Awfhvb Pvjvq XvKvi
ey‡K| ‡hgb, 1. Djb cvIqvi ‡÷kb Acv‡ikb, 2.Iqvc`v
cvIqvi nvDR ‡iBW, 3.¸jevM cvIqvi ‡÷kb Acv‡ikb, 4.
KvUveb gmwR‡`i Dˇi ‰e`y¨wZK ‡÷k‡b nvgjv, 5 G‡bMÖv
i‡KU jvÂvi w`‡q Ggwc ‡nv‡÷‡j nvgjv, 6. ‡nv‡Uj
B›UviKw›U‡b›Uv‡j wØZxq `dv nvgjv|
11 AvM÷ ‡Mwijviv mܨv 5Uv 5 wgwb‡U ‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡b
cÖPÊ GK we‡ùviY NUvb| ‡nv‡Uj jvDÄ, kwcs Av‡K©W I
Av‡kcv‡ki i“g¸‡jvi KvuP UyK‡iv UyK‡iv n‡q hvq, `iRv
wQU‡K c‡o `~‡i| i“‡gi ‡fZi, Kvi I jvD‡Äi ‡`Iqvj
‡f‡O hvq| ‡ek KRb ‡jvK AvnZ nq| evsjv‡`‡k gyw³evwn-
bxi ZrciZv wek¦Ry‡o msev`cθ‡jvq Kvfv‡iR cvq|
XvKvq ‡ekwKQy mdj Acv‡ik‡bi d‡j gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
cvkvcvwk Aei“× bMievmxI DÏxß n‡q I‡V| 2 bs ‡m±i
‡_‡K 52 Rb ‡Mwijvi GKwU `j wZZvm b`xc‡_ XvKvi w`‡K
iIqvbv nq| AvLvDov eÖv¶Yevwoqv mo‡Ki GKwU weÖ‡Ri wb‡P
Mfxi iv‡Z wZZv‡m ‡cŠ‡Qb Zviv| ‡mLv‡b 7 w`b 7 ivZ
AwZevwnZ K‡i avgivB _vbvi GK MÖv‡g ‡bŠKv ‡fovb| ‡ikb
dywi‡q hvIqvq ‡Mwijvi 48 NÈv ‡mÖd b`xi cvwb ‡L‡qB ‡cU
fivb| Gici Zviv iv‡Î K¨v¤ú K‡ib ‡ivnv MÖv‡gi evRv‡i|
wKš‘ Zv‡`i Avmvi Lei ‡cŠ‡Q hvq cvKevwnbxi Kv‡Q| iv‡Z
AvKªgY K‡i Zviv ‡Mwijv‡`i| GB msN‡l© 19 Rb nvbv`vi
wbnZ nq| wbiƒcvq n‡q wd‡i ‡h‡Z eva¨ nq Zviv| Avi
‡Mwijviv ‡ivnv ‡Q‡o K¨v¤ú K‡ib wmsMvBi _vbv GjvKvi
KvQvKvwQ GKwU MÖv‡g| GLv‡b Zviv cvKnvbv`vi‡`i GKwU
h©vkwbs ‡Kvi‡K AvKªgY K‡i mevB‡K nZ¨v K‡ib| mdj
Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l wkgywjqvq K¨v¤ú ¯’vbvš—i K‡ib Zviv|
GB ch©v‡q 23 R‡bi GKwU `j XvKvq ‡Xv‡Kb| GB `jwU
QvovI kvnveywχbi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Av‡iv GKwU `j XvKvi `w¶‡Yi
wKQy GjvKvq mdj ‡Mwijv ZrciZv Pvjvb| Giv eywoM½v I
Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvRy‡o wewfbœ mg‡q kÎy‡`i Ici nvgjv
Pvjvb (GB `‡jB wQ‡jb Avhg Lvb I Rwmg)|
cÖ_g `jwU KvKivB‡ji ‡gv‡o ‡h ‡cUÖjcv¤úwU wQj Zv aŸsm
K‡i ‡`q| Gici wWAvBwU fe‡bi Pyovi wb‡P 5 cvDÛ
c¬vw÷K G·‡c¬vwmf jvwM‡q we‡ùviY NUvb| we‡ùvi‡Ki
cwigvY Kg nIqvq PyovwU cy‡iv aŸsm nqwb, Z‡e Zv‡Z dvUj
a‡i| ‡m‡Þ¤^‡ii ‡k‡li w`‡K mvfvi ‡ivW I ‡÷kb ‡_‡K
gvwbKM‡Äi eovj weÖR ch©š— cÖvq 30 gvBj GjvKvRy‡o
Acv‡ikb Pvjvb| G‡Z Zviv 319 Rb ivRvKvi‡K
AvZ¥mgc©‡Y eva¨ K‡ib Ges cÖPyi A¯¿k¯¿ Zv‡`i nv‡Z Av‡m|
A‡±ve‡ii cÖ_g w`‡K mvfvi ‡ivW I ‡÷k‡bi mvg‡b wZbwU
cvwK¯—vbx jwi‡Z AvKªgY K‡i 37 Rb cvK‡mbv LZg K‡ib
‡Mwijviv|
A‡±ve‡i mvgwiK miKvi XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q
K¬vk Pvjyi ‡Póv Pvjvq| ‡Mwijviv wek¦we`¨vjq
fe‡bi mvB‡KvjwR wefv‡M GKwU Ges wZb Zjv I Pvi Zjvq
wKQy we‡ùviY NUvb| G‡Z eÜ n‡q hvq wek¦we`¨vjq Pvjyi
Ac‡Póv| wKQy ‡Mwijv Gi g‡a¨ XvKv gymwjg Kgvwk©qvj e¨v‡¼
Acv‡ikb K‡ib| ‡Mwijv gywbi (Awf‡bZv ivBmyj Bmjvg
Avmv` wQ‡jb m‡½) GKwU ‡Ljbv wc¯—j w`‡q mdjfv‡e
‡ekwKQy bM` A_© msMÖn K‡ib| b‡f¤^‡ii ïi“‡Z ‡Mwijviv
nvBR¨vK Kiv GKwU Mvwo wb‡q evqZyj ‡gvKvii‡g cvK© Kiv
cvKevwnbxi `y‡Uv ‰mb¨‡evSvB jwii gvSLv‡b ‡i‡L Zv‡Z
we‡ùviY NUvb- gviv hvq 16 Rb nvbv`vi| b‡f¤^‡iB gvwjevM
‡ijKªwms‡qi Kv‡Q ‡ijjvBb Dwo‡q w`‡Z wM‡q ‡fvi PviUvq
cvKevwnbxi m‡½ cÖPÊ msNl© nq ‡Mwijv‡`i| G‡Z Zv‡`i
GKwU ‡mKkvb wbnZ nq| GB gv‡mB kvnev‡Mi ‡gv‡o nvgjv
Pvwj‡q ‡ekwKQy cvK‡mbv‡K nZ¨v K‡ib ‡Mwijviv| 14
b‡f¤^i Zviv GK D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ Acv‡ikb K‡ib| hvi bvg wQj
fvqvWywe weÖR Acv‡ikb| GB mdj AvKªg‡Y weÖ‡R cvnviviZ
20 Rb nvbv`vi wbnZ nq| weÖRwU `Lj K‡i ‡bb ‡Mwijviv|
wKš‘ wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨B gvwbKM‡Äi 700 cvK‡mbvi GKwU `j
wZbwU Mvwo‡Z weÖR Awfgy‡L iIbv ‡`q| Mfxi iv‡Z Zviv
AvKªgY K‡i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i| GB hy‡× c¬vUyb AwabvqK gvwbK
knx` nb Ges AvnZ nb Av‡iv K'Rb gyw³‡hv×v| d‡j wcQy
n‡Ub ‡Mwijviv| 4 w`b ci 18 b‡f¤^i weÖRwU Avev‡iv `Lj
K‡ib Zviv Ges Dwo‡q ‡`b| avgivB GjvKv m¤ú~Y© kΓgy³
K‡i ‡Mwijviv g~j K¨v¤ú mvfv‡ii wRive‡Z ¯’vbvš—i K‡ib|
Avi 150 R‡bi GKwU `j i‡q hvq avgivB‡q| mvfvi
gnvmoK ‡Mwijv‡`i wbqš¿‡Y P‡j Avmvq DËie½ ‡_‡K wew”Qbœ
n‡q c‡o XvKv| mvfv‡i cvKevwnbxi GKwU eo K¨v¤ú wQj,
b‡f¤^‡ii ‡klw`‡K GK SwUKv AvKªg‡Y Zv `Lj K‡i ‡bb
‡Mwijviv| c‡i mvfvi _vbvI P‡j Av‡m Zv‡`i wbqš¿‡b|
Gw`‡K 30 Ryb Kª¨vKc¬vUy‡bi 9 Rb ‡Mwijv cvK nvbv`vi‡`i
nv‡Z aiv c‡ob| G‡`i 7 Rb‡K AK_¨ wbh©vZ‡bi ci nZ¨v
Kiv nq| ‡Mwijviv wQ‡jb- nvwdR, Ry‡qj (wKª‡KUvi), ew`,
AvRv` (Avwbmyj n‡Ki 'gv' hv‡K wb‡q), evwK, i“wg (Rvnvbviv
Bgv‡gi ‡Q‡j) I AvjZvd (m¤¢eZ AvjZvd gvngy`B, Zvi
evwoi evMvb ‡_‡KB `yB UÖv¼ A¯¿ I ‡Mvjvevi“` D×vi K‡i
cvKevwnbx)|
16 RyjvB '71 ivZ 9 Uvq 6 Rb ‡Mwijv XvKvi e…nËg ivgcyiv
91
m~wPcÎ |
cvIqvi ‡÷kb Dwo‡q ‡`b| b‡f¤^‡ii cÖ_g mßv‡n
wiKkvPvj‡Ki QÙ‡e‡k `yBRb ‡Mwijv KjvevMvb ‡_‡K Avmvi
mgq GKwU mvgwiK f¨v‡bi Ici AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvjvb| G‡Z
WÖvBfvi Qvov evwK ‰mb¨iv wbnZ nq| eKwkevRv‡i ‡gwW‡Kj
K‡jR ‡nv‡÷‡ji ‡M‡Ui Kv‡Q Ae¯’vbiZ GKwU ivRvKvi
K¨v‡¤ú nvgjv Pvjvb ‡Mwijviv cÖKvk¨ w`ev‡jv‡K, hv‡Z gviv
hvq `yB ivRvKvi| bvivqbMÄ wf‡±vwiqv nvmcvZv‡j cvnviviZ
5Rb ivRvKvi‡KI GKB Kvq`vq nZ¨v K‡ib Zviv| Gi gv‡S
GmGmwm cix¶v PjvKv‡j wm‡×k¦ix nvB¯‹y‡j we‡ùviY NUvb
‡Mwijviv| ‡mB m‡½ gwZwSj evwYwR¨K GjvKvqI| hvÎvev-
wo‡Z Kª¨vK c¬vUy‡bi m‡½ cvKevwnbxi gyy‡LvgywL GK msNl© nq
hv‡Z wbnZ nq A‡bK kÎy‡mbv| ‡Mwijviv hvÎvevwo‡Z GKwU
cyj Dwo‡q bvivqYMÄ ‡_‡K XvKv‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i ‡`b|
‡gRi wRqv I ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg
PÆMÖvg ‡lvjkn‡i 8g B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‡m‡KÛ-Bb-
KgvÛ wQ‡jb ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb| Zvi m‡½ wQ‡jb ‡gRi
gxi kIKZ Avjx| Ges Av‡iv wKQy ev½vjx Awdmvi| 25 gvP©
mv‡o GMv‡ivUvi w`‡K XvKvi ey‡K hLb MYnZ¨v Pj‡Q, wRqv
ZLb G e¨vcv‡i AÜKv‡i| eis ivZ 11Uvq Zv‡K wi‡cvU©
Ki‡Z ejv nq PÆMÖvg e›`‡i weÖ‡MwWqvi Avbmvixi Kv‡Q|
Zv‡K wb‡q ‡h‡Z ‡bŠevwnbxi GKUv UÖvKI ZZ¶‡Y nvwRi, m‡½
‡bŠevwnbxi 8 Rb GmKU© I AevOvjx UÖvK WvBfvi| ‡gRi
wRqv ‡Kb ‡hb mw›`» n‡q DV‡jb| Zvi m‡½ wQ‡jb
e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi wZb ‡Rvqvb|
AvMÖvev‡`i KvQvKvwQ Avmvi ci GKUv e¨vwi‡K‡Wi mvg‡b UÖvK
_vgv‡Z eva¨ n‡jv WÖvBfvi| wRqv ‡b‡g cvqPvwi Ki‡Z
jvM‡jb, evwKiv e¨vwi‡KW miv‡Z| Ggb mgq ‡gRi
Lv‡jKy¾vgvb ‡mLv‡b Qy‡U G‡jb| Rvbv‡jb cvK ‡mbviv
K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U nvgjv ïi“ K‡i‡Q| kn‡i nZvn‡Zi wkKvi eû
wbixn ‡jvK| wRqvi gyL ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q Gj, 'DB wi‡fvë-
Avgiv we‡`Övn KiwQ'| wZwb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb‡K kn‡i wd‡i ‡h‡Z
ej‡jb Ges wb‡`©k w`‡jb ‡mLvbKvi cvwK¯—vbx Awdmvi‡`i
e›`x Kivi Rb¨, ‡mBm‡½ e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi mevB ‡hb cÖwZ‡iva
hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ _v‡K| Avi cvÄvwe WÖvBfvi‡K ej‡jb,
e¨v‡Uwjqb ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii w`‡K Mvwo ‡Nviv‡Z| webv
AvcwˇZ WÖvBfvi wb‡`©k ‡g‡b wbj| ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i ‡cŠ‡Q
wRqv UÖvK ‡_‡K `ª“Z ‡b‡g ‡bŠevwnbxi GmKU©‡`i GKR‡bi
KvQ ‡_‡K AZwK©‡Z ivB‡dj wQwb‡q wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx ‡bfvj
Awdmvi‡`i w`‡K ZvK K‡i ej‡jb, 'n¨vÛm Avc, BD Avi
AvÛvi A¨v‡i÷|' Awdmvi `yRb AvZ¥mgc©Y Kij| evwKiv
A¯¿ gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j w`j| ‡KvqvU©v‡i Xy‡K mevi Av‡M e›`x
Ki‡jb e¨vUwjqb KgvÛvi‡K- wZwb ZLb Nygvw”Q‡jb!
Gici wZwb B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U ‡m›Uvi ‡_‡K ‡jt K‡Y©j
‡PŠayix I K¨v‡Þb iwd‡Ki m‡½ ‡Uwj‡dv‡b ‡hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z
‡P‡q e¨_© n‡jb| Gici wmwfj ‡Uwj‡dvb mvwf©‡mi GKRb
Acv‡iUi‡K ‡c‡q ej‡jb, 'B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 8g
e¨v‡Uwjqvb ¯^vaxbZv hy× ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Q'- G LeiUv ‡hb
PÆMÖv‡gi Kwgkbvi, cywj‡ki wWAvBwR I ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv‡`i
Awej‡¤^ Rvwb‡q ‡`Iqv nq|
c‡i e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi me Awdmvi I ‡Rvqvb‡`i GKwÎZ K‡i
wZwb GK msw¶ß fvl‡Y ej‡jb, 'Avgiv mk¯¿ ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖv‡g ‡b‡gwQ cwðgv ‰¯^ivPvix mvgwiK kw³i wei“‡×|' ivZ
ZLb ‡mvqv `yBUv- 26 gvP© ïi“ n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡fvi 4Uvq wZwb
m½x‡`i wb‡q cwUqvi D‡Ï‡k iIqvbv n‡jb| c‡_ BwcAv‡ii
GKk ‡Rvqvb m½x n‡jb wRqvi| `ycyi bvMv` cwUqv cvnv‡o
‡cuŠQ‡jb Zviv| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g ¯^vaxbZv‡hv×v‡`i NuvwU GB
cwUqvi cvnvo| cwUqvi RbMYI m‡e©v‡Zvfv‡eB GB
exi‡hv×v‡`i me©vZ¥K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡jb|
‡mw`bB 300 m`‡m¨i GK evwnbx‡K nvbv`vi‡`i ‡gvKv‡ejv
Kivi Rb¨ kn‡i cvVv‡jb wRqv| kÎyi m‡½ m¤§yLhy× ïi“
n‡jv| ‡`kgvZ…Kvi eû exi ‰mwbK ee©i nvbv`vi‡`i Kej
‡_‡K gvZ…f~wg‡K gy³ Ki‡Z AKvZ‡i AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡jb|
kÎyiI e¨vcK ¶q¶wZ n‡jv|
cv`UxKv : evev GB RvqMvq Av‡iv wKQy ‡hvM Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb, KviY
wekvj GKUv Ask Dwb Lvwj ‡i‡L‡Qb (...) e¨envi K‡i| cÖm½ZB Av‡m
‡mvqvZ Rvnv‡Ri K_v- KviY Ab¨vb¨ ‡idv‡i‡Ý Av‡Q wRqv‡K Av‡`k
‡`Iqv n‡qwQj ‡mvqvZ ‡_‡K A¯¿ Lvjvm Kivi KvRUv Z`viwK Ki‡Z|
wKš‘ c‡_ K¨v‡Þb iwdK (bvwK Lv‡jKy¾vgvb!) Zv‡K c_ AvU‡K cwiw¯’wZ
Rvbvb Ges wRqv Zvi m‡½ ‡hvM ‡`b| e¨vcviUv Aek¨B Kªm‡PwKs‡qi `vwe
iv‡L| Z‡e c‡ii Aa¨v‡qB K¨v‡Þb iwdK Ges ‡mvqvZ wb‡q Ibvi Avjv`v
cwi”Q` Av‡Q| KvjyiNv‡Ui e¨vcviUv ‡bB|
BwcAvi-Gi PÆMÖvg ‡m±i GWRy‡U›U wQ‡jb K¨v‡Þb iwdK|
25 gvP© 1971 ivZ 9Uvq Wvt Rvd‡ii Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z cvi‡jb
‡h, cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv U¨v¼ wb‡q XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q
kn‡ii w`‡K hv‡”Q| Rbve Gg.Avi wmwÏKx G Lei Zv‡K
Rvbv‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb Wvt Rvdi‡K| K¨v‡Þb iwdK Wvt
Rvdi‡K ej‡jb, 'Avwg Avgvi BwcAvi Avi
U¨v¼ wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx‡`i wei“‡× hy‡× ïi“
KiwQ| Avcwb ‡lvjkni wM‡q mg¯— evOvjx ‰mb¨‡`i
Avgvi m‡½ ‡hvM w`‡Z ejyb|'
Gici wZwb m½x `yRb mk¯¿ MvW© I WÖvBfvi Kvjvg‡K wb‡q
Iq¨vi‡jm K‡jvbx‡Z ‡M‡jb| Zvi nv‡Z wQj ‡÷bMvb|
Iqvi‡jm K‡jvb †Z K¨v‡Þb nvqvZ GKUv c¬vUy‡bi Kgv‡Û
wQ‡jb| evmv ‡_‡K Zv‡K e›`x Kiv nq, m‡½ my‡e`vi nvkgZ
I wZbRb cvK ‡mbv‡K| GBmgq wbivcËv wewNœZ n‡”Q ‡`‡L
WÖvBfvi Kvjvg GKRb ‰mb¨‡K ¸wj Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| ivZ
mv‡o b'Uvq K¨v‡Þb iwdK nvwjkn‡i ‡cuŠQ‡jb| ‡mLv‡b
A¯¿vMvi wQj wZbwU, Gi me¸‡jvB wbqš¿‡Y ‡bq evOvjxiv|
GLvb ‡_‡KB mKj evOvjx ‡mbv‡`i A¯¿ ‡`Iqv n‡jv Avi e›`x
Kiv nq 300 AevOvjx ‰mb¨‡K|
weÖ‡MwWqvi gRyg`vi I K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv
weÖ‡MwWqvi gRyg`vi wQ‡jb B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui AwabvqK|
‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb Zvu‡K Ri“wi Kbdv‡i‡Ýi fvIZv w`‡q 24
gvP© XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U mwi‡q wb‡q hvq| ‡mw`bB weÖ‡MwWqvi
Avbmvix PÆMÖvg K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui ‡÷kb KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e
‡hvM`vb K‡i| ‡m±i Kgv‡Û›U n‡jv K‡Y©j wgmwi| K¨v‡Þb
fyuBqv wQ‡jb weÖ‡MwWqvi gRyg`v‡ii Aax‡b ‡nvwìs ‡Kv¤úvwbi
KgvÛvi| 26 gvP© ivZ 1Uvq 20 bs ‡ejyP ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 6
UÖvK‡evSvB ‰mb¨ ‡iwR‡g›U ‡m›Uv‡ii A¯¿vMvi `Lj K‡i
‡mLv‡b cvnviviZ mg¯— evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i|
Pviw`K Kvuwc‡q ïi“ n‡jv ‡gwkbMvb, U¨v¼ Avi gU©vi ‡k‡ji
cÖPÛ MR©b| cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z wM‡q AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡jb A‡bK exi
evOvjx ‡mbv| hviv AvnZ n‡jb, Zv‡`i mvi ‡e‡a `uvo Kwi‡q
¸wj K‡i wbôyifv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq|
iv‡Zi GB cÖ_g cÖn‡i K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv ‡kikvn K‡jvbx‡Z
wQ‡jb| ‡iwR‡g›U ‡m›Uv‡ii GKRb nvwej`vi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U
nvbv`vi‡`i me evOvjx ‡mbvi MYnZ¨vi K_v Zv‡K Rvbv‡jb|
ZLb Kv‡Qi GK evmv ‡_‡K 8g ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‡m‡KÛ-
Bb-KgvÛ ‡gRi wRqvi m‡½ ‡hvMv‡hvM Kivi ‡Póv K‡i e¨_©
n‡jb| Zv‡K bv ‡c‡q Ges hvbevn‡bi Afv‡e 26 gvP© mKvj
7Uvq cv‡q ‡nu‡U ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i ‡cuŠQ‡jb
wZwb| ‡mLv‡bI KvD‡K bv ‡c‡q ‡`Lv Ki‡jb PÆMÖvg cywjk
mycvi, wWAvBwR I wWwmi m‡½| `ycyi 12Uvq 70 Rb ‡e½j
92
m~wPcÎ |
‡iwR‡g›U ‡mbv wb‡q cvnviZjx cywjk wiRvf© K¨v‡¤ú ‡cuŠQ‡jb
fyBqv| ‡mLv‡b Pvik cywjk I GK c¬vUyb BwcAvi ‡hvM w`‡jb
Zvi `‡j|
Kywgivi jovB
26 gvP© Kywgj¬v ‡_‡K me©vaywbK A‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q cvKnvbv`vi
evwnbxi 24 GdGd ‡iwR‡g›U PÆMÖv‡gi w`‡K GwM‡q
AvmwQj| BwcAvi A¨vWRy‡U›U iwd‡Ki civg‡k© K¨v‡Þb
fyuBqv Zv‡`i MwZ‡iva Ki‡Z weKvj 5Uvq Kywgj¬vi w`‡K
AMÖmi nb| Zvi m½x wQ‡jb BwcAvi I B÷ ‡e½‡ji ‡gvU
102 Rb ‡hv×v| mܨv 6Uv bvMv` PÆMÖv‡gi Kywgivq ‡cuŠ‡Q
¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡iB
‡mLv‡bB Ae¯’vb ‡bb Zviv|
mܨv 7Uvq kΓevwnbx ‡mLv‡b ‡cuŠQ‡ZB M‡R© D‡V K¨v‡Þb
fyuBqvi `‡ji mgiv¯¿| ïi“ nj hy×| cÖvq NÈv `y‡qK a‡i Pjj
Zv| G‡Z nvbv`vi‡`i KgvwÛs Awdmvi GKRb ‡j. K‡Y©j I
GKRb ‡jd‡Ub¨v›Umn ‡gvU 152 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq|
Avi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i c‡¶ knx` nb 14 Rb exi‡hv×v|
ivZ 1Uvq Aewkó evwnbx wb‡q PÆMÖvg kn‡i wd‡i ‡M‡jb
K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv| ‡mLv‡b ‡gRi wRqvi wb‡`©‡k BwcAv‡ii 30
Rb ‰mb¨ wb‡q cvK ‡bŠ evwnbxi K‡gvWi ggZv‡Ri evmvq
AvKªgY Pvjvb| 29 I 30 gvP© ch©š— KvjyiNvU ¯^vaxb evsjv
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö Ae¯’vb K‡ib wZwb| 1 GwcÖj hvÎv K‡i
ev›`ievb, KvßvB, ivOvgvwU I gnvjQwo n‡q 3 GwcÖj ivgMo
‡cuŠ‡Qb| GLv‡b ‡gRi wRqv I K¨v‡Þb iwd‡Ki m‡½ GK‡Î
gyw³evwnbxi mvsMVwbK Kv‡R ‡hvM ‡`b| cieZ©x‡Z 3 b¤^i
‡m±‡i P‡j hvb K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv|
A¯¿‡evSvB ‡mvqvZ RvnvR
PÆMÖvg ‡m±i KgvÛ¨v›U K‡b©j wmMwi 24 gvP© '71 50 Rb
wbi¯¿ evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K 20 bs ‡ejyP ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui GK mk¯¿
‡Kv¤úvwbi m‡½ PÆMÖvg e›`‡i cvVvb 17 bs ‡RwU‡Z ‡bvOi
‡djv ‡mvqvZ RvnvR ‡_‡K A¯¿-‡Mvjvevi“` Lvjvm Ki‡Z|
cvK‡mbv‡`i cÖnivq A¯¿ Lvjv‡mi mgq mkix‡i ‡mLv‡b
Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb weÖ‡MwWqvi Avbmvwi I K‡Y©j wmMwi|
25 gvP© `ycyi GKUvi w`‡K B÷ ‡e½j I 8g ‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Av‡iv `y c¬vUyb evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K Zje K‡i Avbv nq
‡mLv‡b| Avi cÖnivq ‡hvM ‡`q 27 cvÄve ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Avi
GKwU ‡Kv¤úvwb| Zviv ‡RwUi Pvicv‡k `y‡f©`¨ ‡eóbx M‡o
‡Zv‡j| ‡gvU 120 Rb evOvjx ‡mbv‡K w`‡q 26 gvP© mKvj
10Uv ch©š— gvj Lvjvm Kiv‡bv nq| cy‡ivUv mgq Afy³ ivLv
nq Zv‡`i- ‡Kv‡bv Lvevi mieivn Kiv nqwb| gvj Lvjv‡mi
ci Zv‡`i K¨v›Ub‡g›U wd‡i hvIqvi AbygwZ ‡`Iqv nqwb|
evOvjx ‰mb¨‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb K¨v‡Þb AvwRR, nvwej`vi
Avãym mvËvi, nvwej`vi Avãyj Lv‡jK, bv‡qK wbRvgywÏb,
j¨vÝbv‡qK AvLZvi“wÏb cÖgyL| ‡eOj ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui wØZxq
`jwUi Kv‡Q A¯¿ wQj, wKš‘ Zv Rgv w`‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq
Zv‡`i|
26 gvP© weKvj 4Uvq ‡mvqvZ RvnvR ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q Kvcyi“l
Lvb‡mbviv wbi¯¿ GB ‰mwbK‡`i 17 bs ‡RwUi cvUvZ‡b `vuo
Kwi‡q ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| ¸wj Pjvi wVK AvM gyn~‡Z©
my‡e`vi ie Li‡mÖvZ KY©dyjx‡Z Svuwc‡q AvZ¥i¶v K‡ib| evwK
mevB knx` nb| ‡h K'Rb ¸wji AvNv‡Z AvnZ nb, Zv‡`i‡K
‡eq‡bU w`‡q LyuwP‡q gviv nq| c‡i Rj¬v`iv jvk¸‡jv b`x‡Z
‡d‡j ‡`q| bv‡qK my‡e`vi byi“j Bmjvg I bv‡qK my‡e`vi
‰Zqe b`x‡Z ‡d‡j ‡`qv jv‡ki m‡½ Rxe‡bi ¯ú›`b wb‡q
‡Kv‡bv iK‡g ‡eu‡P wQ‡jb| IB Ae¯’vq mvuZ‡i b`x cvi n‡q
Kv‡Qi GK MÖv‡g AvkÖq ‡bb `yRb|
8 GwcÖj '71 PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNv‡Ui GK gvBj Dˇi
nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ gyw³evwnbxi GK msNl© nq| G‡Z ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b
‡gRi gxi kIKZ Avjx| cvwK¯—vbx‡`i GK c¬vUyb ‰mb¨
K…wlfeb `Lj K‡i ‡mLv‡b Ae¯’vb KiwQj| ‡jt kg‡mi gweb
‡PŠayix ‡gRi kIK‡Zi wb‡`©‡k wKQy ‰mb¨ wb‡q cÖv_wgK nvgjv
Pvjvb Ges e¨_© nb| IB NUbvq knx` nb bv‡qK bv‡qe
Avjx| GB Ae¯’vq ‡gRi kIKZ, nvIjv`vi nvg`y wgqv,
bv‡qK Zv‡ni, BwcAvi I B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Rbv`‡kK
‰mb¨ wb‡q 9 GwcÖj mKvj mv‡o 8Uvq K…wlfeb AvKªgY
K‡ib| GB AvKªg‡Y GKRb K¨v‡Þb I GKRb my‡e`vimn
20 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| evwKiv AvnZ‡`i wb‡q cvwj‡q
hvq|
10 GwcÖj ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q KvjyiNv‡U Ae¯’vb
KiwQ‡jb| 8g ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U, BwcAvi, cywjk I QvÎ-RbZv
wgwj‡q Zvi ‰mb¨msL¨v wQj 450 Rb| `y‡Uv nvbv`vi weÖ‡MW
Øviv AvKªvš— nb Zviv| cvKevwnbx KY©dyjx‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ
Zv‡`i ‡bŠRvnvR‡K k•L b`x w`‡q KvjyiNv‡Ui KvQvKvwQ wb‡q
Av‡m Ges gyw³evwnbxi Ici ‡bfvj Mv‡bi ‡Mvjv wb‡¶c
Ki‡Z _v‡K| ‡Mvjvel©Y P‡j weÖ‡MW AvwU©jvwi
‡_‡KI| Gmgq Lei Gj cwUqvi Kvjvcy‡ji w`K
‡_‡KI cvKevwnbx GwM‡q Avmvi ‡Póv Ki‡Q|
‡gRi kIKZ wKQy ‰mb¨ w`‡q K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb‡K
cvVv‡jb Kvjvcy‡ji w`‡K| 11 GwcÖj kIKZ Zvi evwnbxmn
AMÖmi n‡jb Kvjvcy‡ji cwiw¯’wZ Rvb‡Z| mKvj mv‡o 8Uvi
w`‡K K¨v‡Þb Iqvwj gvidZ Lei Gj cÖvq 700-800 ‰mb¨
KvjyiNvU AvKªgY K‡i‡Q| kÎy‡`i wKQy ‰mb¨ gwnjv ‡m‡R
(‡eviKv c‡o) Ges wKQy wmwfj ‡cvkv‡K 'Rq evsjv' ‡k¬vMvb
w`‡q AMÖmi n‡”Q weÖ‡Ri w`‡K| ‡mLv‡b ZLb wQ‡jb K¨v‡Þb
nvi“b, ‡jt kg‡mi gweb, ‡jt gvndyRmn wKQy Awdmvi| Zviv
cÖ_‡g ey‡S DV‡Z cv‡ibwb e¨vcviUv| wKš‘ kÎy hLb 'Rq
evsjv' ej‡Z ej‡Z weÖ‡Ri Ici D‡V Gj Zviv eyS‡jb Giv
nvbv`vi| wKš‘ ZZ¶‡Y ‡`wi n‡q ‡M‡Q| kÎyi ¸wj‡Z K¨v‡Þb
nvi“b I ‡jt kg‡mi gweb AvnZ n‡jb|
kÎy‡`i Av‡iKUv `j KvßvB ‡iv‡W ‡jt gvndy‡Ri Ici
AvKªgY ïi“ K‡i‡Q| ‡gRi kIKZ mKvj 9Uvq KvjyiNvU
wd‡i mevB‡K wiwUÖ‡Ui wb‡`©k w`‡jb| Avi ‡jt gvndyR‡K
wb‡`©k w`‡jb g`ybvNvU GjvKvq cÖwZi¶v ey¨n M‡o kÎy‡K
‡VwK‡q ivL‡Z, hZ¶Y bv KvjyiNv‡U Ae¯’vbiZ gyw³evwnbx
wbivc‡` ‡cQ‡b m‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i| c‡i Zviv mevB cwUqvq
GKwÎZ n‡jb| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡gRi kIKZ cÖ_‡g ev›`ievb,
‡mLvb ‡_‡K KvßvB n‡q ivOvgvwU hvb| ‡mLv‡b gnvjQwo‡Z
‡nW‡KvqvU©vi ¯’vcb K‡ib wZwb|
Iw`‡K ‡jt gvndyyR kÎyi Ici AvNvZ ‡n‡b P‡jwQ‡jb| wKš‘
kÎyi e¨vcK AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L wKQyUv wcQy n‡U cvk¦eZ©x ‡bvqvcvov
I c‡i cwj‡UKwb‡K mv_©K cÖwZi¶v M‡o mvn‡mi mv‡_
‡gvKv‡ejv K‡ib Zv‡`i| c‡i ‡gRi kIK‡Zi wb‡`©‡k cÖvq
200 Rb gyw³‡hv×vi `jwU wb‡q gnvjQwo‡Z ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i
P‡j Av‡mb| IB w`bB QywU‡Z _vKv K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Kv‡`i
gnvjQwo Av‡mb| ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi Awdmvi‡`i wb‡q GKUv
i¶v eyn¨ ‰Zwi Ki‡jb, hv wbgœiƒc :
1. K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi
eywoNv‡U
2. K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Kv‡`‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ LvMovQwo‡Z
3. ‡jt gvndy‡Ri ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi eiK‡j
4. my‡e`vi gyËvwj‡ei ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi KyZyKQwo
GjvKvq
93
m~wPcÎ |
16 GwcÖj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i GB PviwU `j Zv‡`i wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b
Ae¯’vb wb‡jb| 15 GwcÖj PvKgv ivRv wÎw`e iv‡qi (Av‡iK
ivRvKvi) AvnŸv‡b cvKevwnbx ivOvgvwU ‡cŠu‡Q| ciw`bB `yiš—
mvnmx K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Zvi evwnbx wb‡q LvMovQwo ‡i÷
nvD‡R Ae¯’vbiZ GK c¬vUyb cvKevwnbx‡K AvKªgY K‡ib|
G‡Z nvbv`vi‡`i KgvwÛs Awdmvimn 20 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ
nq| evwKiv cvwj‡q hvq| ‡Kv‡bv ¶q¶wZ QvovB AvdZve
wd‡i Av‡mb ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i| cÖvq 20 Rb cvK ‡mbvi GKwU
`j 17 GwcÖj j‡hv‡M ‡iwK Ki‡Z ‡ewi‡qwQj| K¨v‡Þb
Lv‡jKy¾vgvb Zvi `j wb‡q IZ ‡c‡Z wQ‡jb| jÂwU Zv‡`i
¸wji AvIZvq Avmv gvÎ A¨vgeyk Ki‡jb Zviv| AvKªg‡Y
jÂmn AwaKvsk cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| cvjv‡Z m¶g nq
K‡qKRb| GB msN‡l© gyw³‡hv×v‡`i c‡¶ AvnZ nb `yRb|
18 GwcÖj '71 `y‡Uv j I GKwU w¯úW ‡evU ‡evSvB kÎy ‡mbv
†P½x b`x w`‡q hvIqvi mgq gyw³evwnbxi K‡qKRb wb‡`©k
QvovB nVvr ¸wj Qyu‡o e‡m| cvK‡mbviv mvgvb¨ ¶wZ ¯^xKvi
K‡i wcQy n‡U hvq, Zvici wW‡dÝ wb‡q gvndy‡Ri evwnbxi
Ici AvwU©jvwii AvNvZ nvb‡Z _v‡K| kÎyi cÖej ‡Zv‡ci gy‡L
gyw³evwnbx wcQy nU‡Z eva¨ nq|
IBw`b weKvj 3Uvq my‡e`vi gyËvwje KyZyeQwo‡Z kÎy‡`i 6wU
‰mb¨fwZ© UÖvK A¨v¤^yk K‡ib| G‡Z 40 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq
I wZbwU UÖvK aŸsm n‡q hvq|
19 GwcÖj eywoNv‡U kÎyevwnbxi eo GKwU `j gU©vi mn‡hv‡M
K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi evwnbxi Ici cÖej AvKªgY Pvjvq|
cÖPÊ ‡Zv‡ci gy‡L gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wU‡K _vKv cÖvq Am¤¢e n‡q
`vovq| wKš‘ wcwQ‡q hvIqvI m¤¢e nw”Qj bv| Ggwb mgq 8g
‡e½‡ji e½kv`y©j j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi iDd ‡gwkbMvb
nv‡Z wb‡q GwM‡q G‡m ej‡jb, 'm¨vi Avwg Kvfvwis dvqvi
w`w”Q| Avcwb evwK‡`i wb‡q wiwUÖU K‡ib|' K¨v‡Þb
Lv‡jKy¾vgvb Zvi evwnbxi cÖvq 100 ‡hv×v wb‡q wbivc‡`
wcwQ‡q ‡h‡Z m¶g nb| wKš‘ j¨vÝbv‡qK Avãyi iDd nU‡jb
bv RvqMv ‡_‡K| GK ch©v‡q nvbv`vi‡`i gU©v‡ii AvNv‡Z
knx` nb evsjvi cÖ_g exi‡kÖô| mwZ¨ GivB evsjv gv‡qi exi
mš—vb, G‡`i i‡³B gy³ G‡`k|
21 GwcÖj '71 cvKevwnbxi GKwU ‡Kv¤úvwb e›`yKfvOv bvgK
¯’v‡b ‡jt gvndy‡Ri `‡ji Ici nvgjv K‡i| msN‡l©
nvbv`viiv wcQy nU‡Z eva¨ nq| gyw³evwnbxi ‡Kv‡bv ¶wZ
nqwb| 23 GwcÖj nvbv`vi‡`i cÖvq 200 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwU ‡_‡K
gnvjQwoi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡”Q e‡j Lei Gj| gnvjQwo ZLb
‡gRi kIK‡Zi e¨vUvwjqvb ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi| wZwb wKQy ‰mb¨
wb‡q ‡jt gvndyR I K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i‡K GwM‡q wM‡q kÎy‡`i
cÖwZ‡iva Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| 24 GwcÖj KyZyeQwo‡Z `yB `‡j
hy× nq| GB hy‡× nvbv`viiv ‡ek ¶q¶wZ ¯^xKvi K‡i cvwj‡q
hvq|
25 GwcÖj Lei Gj cvKevwnbx †P½x b`x I evwbqviPi evRvi
n‡q gnvjQwo Awfgy‡L GwM‡q Avm‡Q| 26 GwcÖj ‡gRi
kIKZ Ab¨ Awdmvi‡`i wb‡q ‰eV‡K em‡jb| wZwb ‡jt
gvndyR‡K Zvi evwnbx wb‡q wKQyUv wcwQ‡q wiRv‡f© _vKvi
wb‡`©k w`‡jb| K¨v‡Þb Rvgvb Zvi evwnbx wb‡q evwbqviPi
evRvi eo cvnv‡oi Ici wW‡dÝ wb‡jb| K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i
‡M‡jb moKc‡_ nvbv`vi‡`i MwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨| 27 GwcÖj
'71 ‡fvi‡ejv nvwej`vi Zv‡ni, wmcvnx evix I Ki‡cvivj
Kwig 10 Rb ‡jvK wb‡q ‡M‡jb ‡iwK Ki‡Z| Zviv fyj K‡i
wg‡Rv‡`i GjvKvq Xy‡K c‡ob| cÖm½Z wg‡Rv DcRvwZiv
cvKevwnbxi m‡½ Av‡MB nvZ wgwj‡qwQj| ‡mŠfvM¨ekZ
wg‡Rviv ZLb GKwU nvwZ ‡g‡i LvIqv‡Z e¨¯— wQj, ZvB ‡iwK
‡cUÖj cvwj‡q Avm‡Z m¶g nq|
IBw`b ‡ejv mv‡o ev‡ivUvq K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi
Ae¯’v‡bi Ici wg‡Rviv nvgjv Pvjvq| Zviv wQj msL¨vq
A‡bK| G mgq ‡jt gvndyR gvÎ 10 Rb ‰mb¨ wb‡q K¨v‡Þb
Rvgv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q G‡jb| gvndyR ILv‡b ‡cuŠ‡QB
kÎy‡`i Ici ¸wjel©Y ïi“ K‡ib| wKš‘ K¨v‡Þb Rvgvb ¸wj
dywi‡q hvIqvq m½x‡`i wb‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡mb Ab¨c‡_| Avi
gvndy‡Ri `‡ji m‡½ AvaNÈv ¸wj wewbg‡q wbnZ nq 150
Rb wg‡Rv| wKš‘ Zv‡ZI wcQy nUj bv Zviv| GwM‡q Avm‡Z
_vKj ‡XD‡qi g‡Zv| Zviv wN‡i ‡djj gvndyR I Zvi evwn-
bx‡K| Lei ‡c‡q D×v‡i GwM‡q ‡M‡jb K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i I
K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb| wbivc‡` wd‡i Av‡m gyw³evwnbx|
cv`UxKv : gyw³hy‡×i Av‡jvKwPÎ eB‡Z Zvi kvnv`‡Zi ZvwiL ‡jLv Av‡Q
8 GwcÖj| Avi evev Zvi bvg wj‡LwQ‡jb j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi ie| mwVK
Z_¨Uv ‡KD Rvbv‡j DcK…Z ne|
27 GwcÖj '71 `ycyi 3Uvq nvbv`vi evwnbxi 13wU ‡Kv¤úvwb
mn‡hv‡M cÖvq 1100 (GMv‡ivk) wg‡Rv gnvjQwo ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi
AvKªgY K‡i| cvKevwnbx 6wU gU©vi mn‡hv‡M AvKªgY ïi“
K‡i| ‡gRi kIKZ K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb,
K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i I dvi“K‡K GjvKv fvM K‡i
w`‡q wb‡R ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi i¶vi `vwqZ¡ wb‡jb|
gyw³evwnbx fvix A‡¯¿i Afve Lye ‡eva KiwQj| kÎyi
‡gvKv‡ejvq Zv‡`i nv‡Z wQj w_ÖbUw_Ö ivB‡dj I GjGgwR|
K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i Zvi GjvKvq hy&×iZ Ae¯’vq knx` nb| ¸wj
e…wói g‡a¨B kIKZ, dvi“K I wmcvnx WÖvBfvi AveŸvm
K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`‡ii g…Z‡`n Mvwo‡Z K‡i ivgMo wd‡i G‡jb|
gyw³evwnbx mܨv ch©š— cvëv AvKªgY Ae¨vnZ ‡i‡L iv‡Zi
AÜKv‡i gnvjQwo Z¨vM K‡i| Zviv wW‡dÝ ‡bb
LvMovQwo‡Z|
28 GwcÖj Iqvi‡j‡m ‡gRi wRqvi m‡½ ‡hvMv‡hvM nq ‡gRi
kIK‡Zi| IBw`b nvbv`vi‡`i GKwU `j ¸Bgviv n‡q
ivgM‡oi w`‡K AMÖmi nw”Qj| ‡gRi kIKZ ¸Bgviv‡Z Zvi
evwnbx wb‡q wW‡dÝ wb‡jb| ZLb Zvi ‰mb¨ msL¨v gvÎ 450
Rb| kIKZ gvwbKQwoi gMivRvi m‡½ ‡`Lv Ki‡jb| ivRv
gyw³evwnbx‡`i mn‡hvwMZvi A½xKvi Ki‡jb| ¯^vaxbZv
msMÖv‡gi `xN© 9 gvm gM DcRvwZ me©‡Zvfv‡e gyw³evwnbx‡K
mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| ivRv wÎw`e iv‡qi we‡ivwaZvi Rb¨ PvKgviv
gyw³evwnbxi wec¶ ‡bq| Avi wg‡Rviv †Zv Av‡MB nvbv`vi‡`i
m‡½ nvZ wgwj‡qwQj|
29 GwcÖj ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q ‡gRi wRqvi
civgk©g‡Zv ivgMo ‡cuŠQvb ivZ `y‡Uvi w`‡K| 30 GwcÖj
gyw³evwnbxi cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ K‡Y©j GgwR Imgvbx ivgMo
Av‡mb| wZwb ‡gRi kIKZ‡K Av‡iv `yw`b ivgMo gy³ ivLvi
wb‡`©k ‡`b hv‡Z wbixn RbmvaviYmn mevB wbivc‡` fvi‡Z
AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡i|
29 GwcÖj ‡gRi wRqv K¨v‡Þb Iqvwj‡K K‡iinvU wnqvKy‡j
cvVv‡jb| cvKevwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ ‡gRi kIKZ 30
GwcÖj K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb, my‡e`vi ‡gvZv‡je I ‡jt
gvndyR‡K wnqvKy‡j Iqvwji m‡½ ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi wb‡`©k
w`‡jb| GB mw¤§wjZ evwnbxi m‡½ nvbv`vi‡`i Zygyj msNl©
nq| cvKevwnbxi GKwU weÖ‡MW wZbw`K ‡_‡K ivgMo AvKªgY
K‡i| ‡gRi kIKZ K‡Y©j Imgvbxi wb‡`©kg‡Zv `yBw`b
ivgMo gy³ ‡i‡LwQ‡jb|
2‡g ivgMo gyw³evwnbxi nvZQvov nq| IBw`b mܨv 6Uvq
‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q fvi‡Zi mvei“‡g P‡j hvb|
94
m~wPcÎ |
wbg©g aŸsmh‡Ái wkKvi cÖZ¨¶`kx©i mv¶vrKvi : ‡iev ivYx ivq
kIKZ †nv‡mb gvmyg
gyw³hy‡× KZ gvbyl gviv ‡M‡Q Zv wb‡q A‡nZyK RwUjZv
GLbI ‰Zwi Kiv n‡”Q| bvbv Rwi‡ci K_v ejv n‡”Q| hviv
Gme wb‡q K_v e‡jb Zv‡`i ejwQ, Avcbviv ‡mB me
cwiev‡ii m‡½ K_v e‡jb hv‡`i Ni-evwo cy‡o‡Q, hviv
nvwi‡q‡Qb AmsL¨ ¯^Rb| GK GKwU cwiev‡ii ¶q¶wZi
cwigvY Rvb‡jB †evSv hvq Kx fqven cwiYwZ ‡`Lv w`‡qwQj
Zv‡`i Rb¨|
GiKg GKwU mv¶vrKvi GLv‡b Avmyb Avgiv cwo| Gi m~Î
n‡”Q gyw³hy× M‡elYv ‡K›`Ö I ‡cÖvdvBj Ae ‡e½j|
bvg : ‡iev ivYx ivq
wcZv : i‡gkP›`Ö wg¯¿x (1971 mv‡j cvK evwnbx
I Zv‡`i ‡`vmi‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ)
wVKvbv : ‡eZ&ov, WvK : ‡eZ&ov,
BDwbqb : bIMÖvg
SvjKvwV, ‡Rjv : SvjKvwV (1971 mv‡j
ewikvj ‡Rjvi Aš—M©Z gnKygv)
wk¶vMZ ‡hvM¨Zv : we. Gmwm.
1971 mv‡j eqm : 19/20
1971 mv‡j ‡ckv : QvÎx
eZ©gvb ‡ckv : PvKwi
cÖkœ : 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK evwnbxi
AvKªgY m¤ú‡K© Avcwb wK ï‡bwQ‡jb ev KLb wKfv‡e ‡m
Lei ï‡bwQ‡jb ? ZLb Avcwb wK Ki‡jb ?
DËi : cvwK¯—vwbiv hLb nvgjv K‡i ZLb ev‡MinvU wc.wm.
K‡j‡R Avwg Aa¨qbiZ wQjvg| Avwg K‡j‡Ri Mvj©m
‡nv‡÷‡j _vKZvg| ‡mLv‡b e‡mB ïwb XvKv BDwbfvwm©wUi
‡Q‡j‡g‡q Ges mvaviY ‡jvKRb bvwK `‡j `‡j MÖv‡gi w`‡K
P‡j Avm‡Q| Zv‡`i Kv‡iv Kv‡iv gy‡LB cvwK¯—vwb nvgjvi
Lei ï‡bwQ| GB me Lei ‡Zv ZLb evZv‡m we`¨yr‡e‡M QovB
hvB‡Zv| H nvgjvi ciB Avgv‡`i GLv‡b mg¯— ‡hvMv‡hvM
e¨e¯’v cÖvq eÜ n‡q ‡M‡jv| ZLb Avwg Avi ev‡Minv‡U _vKv
wbivc` g‡b Kwi bvB Ges GUv Avgvi aviYv wQ‡jv ‡h, GUv
mn‡R wgU‡e bv; NUbv Av‡iv A‡bK `~‡i hv‡e| Avgiv ZLb
ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K wbR MÖv‡g P‡j AvmvB wbivc` g‡b Kijvg|
Avgiv iIqvbv w`jvg ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K| wKš‘ ‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v
eÜ n‡q hvIqvq ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K KL‡bv f¨v‡b, KL‡bv wiOvq,
Avevi KL‡bv cv‡q ‡nu‡U Avgvi K‡qKRb mv_x‡K m‡½ wb‡q
ûjvinvU ‡cŠuQjvg| Avm‡j wc‡ivRcyi n‡q ûjvinvU
‡cŠuQjvg| evm ZLb PjwQ‡jv bv| GwcÖj gv‡mi mvZ-AvU ev
bq Zvwi‡Li w`‡K n‡e ‡mUv| Zvici ûjvinvU ‡_‡K Dëv
¯^iƒcKvwVi w`‡K GKUv UÖjv‡i ‡P‡c emjvg| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K
c‡ii w`b Avgvi GK AvZ¥xq wQ‡jv ‡mvnvM`‡j, ‡mLv‡b GK
ivÎ ‡_‡K ci w`b ILvb ‡_‡K ‡nu‡U Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi evwo
‡eZ&ov‡Z ‡cŠuQvB|
cÖkœ : 1971 mv‡j Avcwb AvKªvš— n‡qwQ‡jb wK ?
DËi : 1971 mv‡j Avwg AvKªvš— n‡qwQjvg Avgv‡`i evwoi
KvQvKvwQ nvU, evIKvwV nv‡U| mgqUv m¤¢eZ GwcÖ‡ji Z…Zxq
wK PZy_© mßv‡n n‡e| evIKvwV nvU e…n¯úwZ Ges iweev‡i
e‡m, mßv‡n `yB w`b| ‡Kv‡bv GK nvUev‡i wgwjUvwi hvq
ILv‡b| wgwjUvwiiv AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q nv‡Ui ‡ek wKQy
‡jvK‡K ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡d‡j| KvQvKvwQ MÖv‡giI wKQy ‡jvK
gviv hvq| cieZ©x‡Z wgwjUvwi AvZ¼ MÖv‡g QovBqv c‡o
fxlY fv‡e| ILvb ‡_‡K gvÎ gvBj Lv‡bK `~‡i Avgv‡`i
evwo| Avgiv c‡ii w`b ‡fvi iv‡ZB wKQy ivbœv Kiv Lvevi
wb‡q kvLv MÖv‡gi cvwb‡LZ bvgK RvqMvq AvkÖq wbB| ‡m
w`bB mܨvq Avevi evwo wd‡i Avwm| ‡mw`b evwo wd‡i
ïb‡Z ‡cjvg ‡h, MÖv‡gi A‡bK Nievwo R¡vjvBqv w`‡Q Ges
A‡bK ‡jvKRb gviv ‡M‡Q| c‡ii w`b Avgiv Avevi ‡kl
iv‡Î evwo ‡_‡K Lvevi wb‡q ‡ei n‡q hvB| Gevi Avgiv
RM`xkcyi ‡cqviv evMv‡b AvkÖq ‡bB| ‡mLv‡b cvuP mvZ w`b
_vKvi ci cwiw¯’wZ AviI fqven iƒc aviY K‡i| Avgv‡`i
MÖv‡giB ‡ek eo cwievi gnx›`Öjvj ev‰i, Zvi evwo ‡cvovB
‡`q| wZwb wQ‡jb Lye abx e¨w³| Ibvi evwo Ges AviI
A‡b‡Ki evwo ‡cvovq ‡`q| Avevi A‡bK ‡jvK‡K, Avgvi
AvR‡K mevi bvg g‡b bvB Zv‡`i‡K, ‡g‡i ‡djwQ‡jv|
Gici Avgiv Avi ILv‡b gv‡b wbR GjvKvq hvIqv wbivc`
g‡b Kijvg bv| ZLb Avgiv kZ`kKvwVi Av‡iv A‡bKUv
Mfxi GjvKvq wMqv wUb w`qv ‡bŠKvi QB-Gi g‡Zv GKUv
gvPv ‰Zwi KBiv ‡mLv‡b _vK‡Z jvMjvg| HLv‡b ïay Avgiv
bv, nvRvi nvRvi ‡jvK H RvqMvq _vK‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv| H
GjvKvi gyw³‡hv×vivI ILv‡b AvkÖq wbj| Avgiv Gfv‡eB
w`b KvUv‡Z _vKjvg| cieZ©x‡Z Lei Avm‡jv ‡h, GB
‡cqviv evMvb KvUv n‡e| wKš‘ Avgvi Kv‡Q GUv wek¦vm‡hvM¨
g‡b n‡jv bv| KviY gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv
wK mnR KvR ! Avi ‡cqviv evMvb gv‡b ‡Zv GKUv Lvj|
GUv‡K MÖv‡gi fvlvq e‡j Kvw›`, DuPy AskUv‡i| wbPUv‡i e‡j
cvBKv| ‡mB cvBKv fwZ© Rj| ZLb ‡Zv ‰R¨ô-Avlvp gvm
AvBmv ‡M‡Q| me ‡Zv R‡j fwZ©| Ggb mgq wgwjUvwiiv ‡h
AvBmv MvQ KvU‡e GBUv Avgvi aviYvq wQ‡jv bv| Avwg
ejjvg ‡h, wgwjUvwiiv ‡Kgbfv‡e G‡Zv MvQ KvU‡e cvwbi
g‡a¨? AvksKv m‡Ë¡I H RvqMv‡ZB _vK‡Z jvMjvg| ivbœv,
LvIqv mewKQyB H RvqMvq| ‡gvUvgywU g~j¨evb wRwbmcËi
evwo ‡_‡K wbqv H RvqMvq Avgiv Rgv KiwQjvg wbivc`
‡f‡e| wKš‘ 1971 mv‡ji 2iv Avlvp GKUv Lei Avm‡jv ‡h
‡cqviv evMvb Kvj‡K KvUv n‡e| fvejvg ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv
n‡j Avgv‡`i Avi ‡Kv_vI hvIqvi c_ _vK‡e bv|
c‡ii w`b mKvj `kUv wK GMv‡ivUv ev‡R, GB mgq g‡b
nB‡jv ‡h, nvRvi nvRvi ‡jvK ‡cqviv evMv‡bi Pviw`KUv
wN‡i ‡dj‡Q| ZLb Zv‡`i ‡k¬vMvb wQ‡jv Ôbviv‡q ZKexi
Avj¬vû AvKei,Õ ÔcvwK¯—vb wR›`vev`Õ| mg¯— ‡cqviv evMvb
cÖKw¤úZ nB‡ZwQ‡jv Zv‡`i ‡mB ‡k¬vMv‡b| c‡i ‡jvK gy‡L
ïbwQ ‡h, wÎk Pwj¬k nvRvi ‡jvK Avm‡Q ‡cqviv evMvb
KvU‡Z| Gig‡a¨ Avgv‡`i GK ‡evb Ges fMœxcwZ Avgv‡`i
ILv‡b Av‡m| AvBmv Avgvi bvg a‡i ‡W‡K e‡j ‡h, Ô‡iev,
ZyB GLvb ‡_‡K cvjv, Pj wkMwMi, cvjv, Avgvi evev ZLb
ILv‡b wQ‡jb| Avwg evev‡i ewj ‡h, evev Avcwb hvb| Avgvi
‡mB ‡evb Ges fMœxcwZ GKUv ‡bŠKv wb‡q AvmwQ‡jv| Iiv
95
m~wPcÎ |
‡bŠKvq Avgv‡i Lye UvbvUvwb ïi“ Ki‡jv ‡h, ZyB wkMwMi
Avq| ZLb Avwg eo| Kv‡RB Avgvq wb‡q ‡ek wPš—v| Avi
Gw`‡K Avgvi wPš—v evev‡i wbqv| Avwg ejjvg, evev Zywg
hvI, Zywg hvI| GB `yB R‡bi ‡Vjv‡Vwj hLb Pj‡Q ZLb H
kã Kªgk Kv‡Q Avm‡Z jvM‡jv| kã, ‡jvKR‡bi ‡Kvjvnj
G‡Zv ‡Rv‡i nB‡ZwQ‡jv ‡h g‡b nB‡Q Avgv‡`i g…Z¨y LyeB
KvQvKvwQ| g…Z¨y f‡q ZLb ‡K ‡h ‡Kv_vq ‡Mjvg Zv ejv
gyw¯‹j| Avwg jvd w`‡q ‡bŠKvq cowQ GBUv g‡b Av‡Q| wKš‘
KZ`~i hvIqvi c‡i ‡bŠKvUv ‡hb Avi PjwQ‡jv bv| ‡cqviv
evMv‡bi Rj Gcv‡k Avi Icv‡k av°v w`w”Q‡jv| Iw`‡K H
hg`~‡Ziv gv‡b hviv ‡cqviv evMvb AvKªgY Ki‡Q Zviv ‡hb
Lye Kv‡Q Avm‡Q g‡b nB‡jv| ZLb ‡bŠKv ‡_‡K Avgiv mevB
jvd w`‡q cojvg| ‡bŠKvUv ‡Kv_vq ‡M‡jv Zvi ‡Kv‡bv Lei
bvB| Avwg ‡`ŠovB‡Z ‡`ŠovB‡Z ‡Kvbw`‡K ‡h ‡Mjvg ZvI
wVK g‡b bvB| A‡bK `~‡iB ‡MwQ| wKš‘ Gi g‡a¨ g‡b nB‡jv
‡h, Av‡iv KvQvKvwQ AvBmv ‡M‡Q kÎyiv| ‡evb-fMœxcwZi Lei
bvB| Avgvi Dcw¯’Z eywׇZ Avwg ZLb GB evMv‡bi wfZ‡i
‡h Lvj¸‡jv Zv‡Z j¤^v j¤^v KPywicvbv‡Z GK`g Vvmv wQ‡jv,
Avwg Lv‡ji Mv evBqv wb‡P bvgjvg| wb‡P bvBgv Wye w`qv
HLvb ‡_‡K c‡bi wek nvZ `~‡i wMqv KPywicvbv GKUy
mivBqv bvK ‡ei Kwiqv Wye w`qv _vKjvg| BZg‡a¨ Hme
‡jvK AvBmv ‡M‡Q mg¯— evMv‡b|
Avwg wKQyUv mgq _vKvi c‡iB ‡Ui cvBjvg ‡h, ‡cqviv Wv‡j
cv w`qv Zviv Lye bvo‡Q| cv w`qv Zx‡ii w`‡K av°v w`‡Q
Avi e‡j cvBwQ, cvBwQ, cvBwQ-GB‡Zv Av‡Q, GB‡Zv Av‡Q|
wKš‘ Avwg m‡PZb wQjvg ‡h, hZ¶Y Zviv Avgv‡i bv Rj
‡_‡K ‡U‡b Zyj‡e ZZ¶Y Avwg DV‡ev bv| Avgvi ‡gv‡UB
bob Pob bvB| GBfv‡eB AvwQ| wKQy¶Y c‡i Mjvi wfZ‡i
cPv Rj Avi gqjv R‡g ‡M‡jv| ‡Ui cvBwQjvg ‡h, kvgyK
Avgvi cv PvU‡Z PvU‡Z ‡`‡ni Dc‡i DV‡Q| ‡Rvu‡KI ai‡Q|
kvgy‡K Avgvi cv PvU‡Z PvU‡Z ‡h gqjv ZyjwQ‡jv Zv‡Z g‡b
n‡jv ‡h, cv Uv Avgvi eywS ‡kl n‡q hv‡e| cv‡q cÖPÛ e¨_v
Abyfe KiwQjvg| kvgy‡K PvUv ‡Kgb hš¿Yv ‡mUv A‡b‡KB
‡evanq Rv‡bb bv| Amn¨ hš¿Yv| Avgvi Rxe‡b cÖ_g
AwfÁZv| G w`‡K `dvq `dvq ‡jvK Avm‡Q, gv_vi Dc‡i,
KPywii Dc‡i ‡evaKwi ‡jRv ‡URv ev j¤^v jvwV w`qv
wcUvB‡ZwQ‡jv| GBUv GKUv Zv‡`i PvjvwK wQ‡jv| Avwg Avi
bwoPwo bvB| cÖPÛ nvuwP Avmv m‡Ë¡I nvuwP w`‡ZwQjvg bv|
KviY nvuwP w`‡jB ‡Zv Iiv ‡Ui ‡c‡q hv‡e Avwg ‡Kv_vq|
wKš‘ bv‡Ki wfZ‡i Rj wQ‡jv| A‡Zv cPv Rj bv‡Ki wfZi,
Mjvi wfZi ‡m GK Ki“Y `kv| Gic‡i hLb ‡ejv cvuPUv
ev‡R ‡evanq, Nwo Uwo ‡Zv wQ‡jv bv; cvuPUv mv‡o cvuPUv
ev‡R g‡b nq-ZLb Avi ‡Kv‡bv kã ‡Ui cvBjvg bv| Avwg
ZLb Av‡¯— Av‡¯— KPywii wfZi ‡_‡K evi n‡q Gcv‡i G‡m
Kv`vi g‡a¨ GKUy ‡njvb w`qv `vuovBjvg| ZLb ‡`wL ‡h, `yB
GKUv ‡jvK hviv g…Z¨y f‡q cjvBwQ‡jv, Zviv Avm‡Q| Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg Avgiv ‡hLv‡b gvPv K‡iwQjvg
‡mB gvPvi ¯’vb Ges ‡jv‡Kkb m¤^‡Ü| Iiv Avgv‡i wPb‡jv
‡KD ‡KD| ej‡jv, ‡mvRv hvI| Avwg Lvj wej Kv`vi wfZi
w`qv ‡mB GjvKvq AvmwQ| wKš‘ Avgvi g‡b nB‡ZwQ‡jv wK
GKUv nvivBwQ, wK GKUv nvivBwQ| Avgv‡`i ‡mB evmvi
Kv‡Q AvBmv ‡`wL ‡h, me ZQbQ, ¯’vbxq ‡jvKR‡bi gy‡L GB
iKg ïbjvg ‡h, GBUv gyw³‡hv×v‡`i evmv GB KBqv me
gvjcÎ wbqv ‡M‡Q| Avi hv hv bv wb‡Z cvi‡Q, ‡mB¸jv
fvBOvPyBiv ZQbQ Kwiqv ivBLv ‡M‡Q| Avgvi ‡mw`‡K Aek¨
å~‡¶c bvB| Avwg ïay fvewQjvg ‡h, Avgiv mevB RxweZ
AvwQ wKbv| Avgvi fvB ZLb K¬vm-Uy-Gi QvÎ| nq‡Zv Qq
mvZ eQi eqm| I‡i Avwg cÖ_‡gB wR‡Ám Kijvg, fvB,
evev ‡Kv_vq? I Avgvi K_v ï‡bB ‡Ku‡` ‡dj‡jv| ej‡jv
‡h, w`w`, evev‡i a‡i wb‡q ‡M‡Q| Avwg Zv‡K wRÁvmv
Kijvg wKfv‡e wb‡q ‡M‡Q? ZLb ‡m ej‡jv ‡h, evev Avgvi
g‡Zv KPywii wfZi cvjvBwQ‡jv bv| GKUv evMv‡bi wfZi
bj‡LZ wQ‡jv, ‡mB bj‡L‡Zi wfZ‡i evev wQ‡jv| Avwg
Avgvi fvB‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg evev‡K ‡mLvb ‡_‡K wKfv‡e
awiqv wb‡jv| fvB ej‡Q, Zvui K‡qKRb QvÎB Zvu‡K ai‡Q|
Avgvi fvB bvwK K‡_vcK_bUv ïb‡Q KvQ ‡_‡KB, Iiv
nq‡Zv ‡Lqvj K‡i bvB| evev bvwK ej‡Q ‡h, ‡Zv‡`i Avwg
‡Kv‡jwc‡V K‡i gvbyl KiwQ; ‡Zviv GLb Avgv‡K aBiv wbwe!
Avgvi Kv‡Q UvKv Av‡Q, ¯^Y© AjsKvi Av‡Q, ‡Zviv GB¸wj
wbqv ‡b| ZLb Zviv e‡j ‡h, ï‡qv‡ii ev”Pv, KyËvi ev”Pv
hLb gvbyl Ki‡Qv ZLb Ki‡Qv, GLb Avi wK| ‡Zvi UvKv
cqmv Avgiv PvB bv| GB eBjv Zviv Avgvi evev‡K GKUv
MvgQv w`qv wc‡V nvZ wbqv evB›`v Zv‡K wbqv PBjv ‡M‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcwb ejwQ‡jb ‡h, Iiv Avcbvi evevi QvÎ, I‡`i
bvg¸‡jv wK Avcbvi g‡b co‡Q ?
DËi : i“ûj Avgxb KBiv GK QvÎ| A‡bK w`b Av‡Mi K_v
‡Zv Avwg A‡bK bvg GLb fy‡j ‡MwQ| hv‡nvK, Avwg ‡Zv
ZLb Kvbœvq G‡Kev‡i ‡f‡O c‡owQ| Avgvi d¨vwgwji GKgvÎ
DcvR©b¶g e¨w³ wQ‡jb Avgvi evev| evev
Avgvi Rxe‡bi Av`k©I| gv ZLb Kvu`‡Z Kvu`‡Z
Avgvi ‡QvU `yB ‡evb‡K wbqv evnv‡bi wfZ‡i Av‡m|
wZwb ZLb MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wQ‡jb| Avgiv evmv K‡i _vKZvg|
‡mLv‡b Avwg, evev Ges ‡gR‡evb _vKZvg| ‡gR‡evb ZLb
Gm. Gm. wm-i K¨vbwW‡WU wQ‡jv| Avgvi fvBwU, K¬vm Uy-G
co‡Zv| Avgiv ci ci wZb ‡evb Zvici H fvB| gv evwo‡Z
‡QvU ‡evb, ‡mR ‡evb Ges ‡QvU fvB‡K wb‡q _vK‡Zv| `~i
‡_‡KB ‡`Ljvg ‡h, gv Kvu`‡Z Kvu`‡Z Avm‡Q Ges ej‡Q,
gby, ‡Zvi evev, gby ‡Zvi evev| evev‡K a‡i ‡bIqvi LeiUv
QovB ‡MwQ‡jv fxlYfv‡e| Avgvi evev‡K H GjvKvq mevB
wPb‡Zv| wZwb evIKvwV ¯‹y‡ji wUPvi wQ‡jb| gv G‡m ej‡jb
‡h, wZwbI AvKªvš— n‡qwQ‡jb| Zv‡i bvwK wgwjUvwiiv A‡bK
wcUvB‡Q, nvZ dyBj¬v ‡M‡Q| ‡`Ljvg Zvui kixiI ‡dvjv|
Avgvi ‡QvU ‡ev‡bi ZLb eQi ‡`‡oK eqm| I‡i eyU cv‡q
e‡ji g‡Zv kU w`‡Q Avwg©| ‡m Ab¨ RvqMvq wMqv co‡Q|
Avevi w`‡Q| gv hLb wPrKvi Ki‡Q ZLb gv‡i aBiv
wcUvB‡Q| Avgvi ‡QvU ‡evb ZLb AÁvb nBqv ‡M‡Q| AÁvb
nBqv hvIqvq Iiv g‡b Ki‡Q I gviv ‡M‡Q| Avgvi gv-I
g‡b Ki‡Q gviv ‡M‡Q| Iiv ‡evb‡K ivBL¨v ‡M‡Q| wKš‘ wKQy
‡mevh‡Zœi c‡i ‡evbUvi Avevi Ávb wd‡i Av‡m| ‡m Aek¨
GLb RxweZ Av‡Q|
H w`b Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi eû ‡jvK‡K gvBiv dvjvq| A‡bK
wkïI gviv ‡M‡Q| ‡mB w`bB Avgvi GK gvgv ex‡i›`Öbv_
Nivwg Ges Avgvi GK ‡g‡mv KvwZ©KP›`Ö ‡ecvwi Zv‡`iI
nZ¨v K‡i| KvwZ©KP›`Ö ‡ecvwi nvj Pvl KiwQ‡jv gv‡V| ‡mB
gv‡VB Zv‡K ¸wj Ki‡Q| Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi Ges evMvb ‡_‡K
‡eva Kwi aBiv wbqv ‡M‡Q kZvwaK ‡jvK‡K| ‡mw`b I‡`i‡K
evIKvwV‡Z ‡h GKUv K¨v¤ú KiwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b ivLwQ‡jv| 3iv
Avlvp GUv wQ‡jv| 4Vv AvlvpI ivL‡Q| 5B Avlvp Lye ‡fv‡i
beMÖvg ‡h GKUv cvKv cyj Av‡Q ‡mB RvqMvq wbqv PweŸk
Rb bv QvweŸk Rb‡K GK RvqMvq jvBb KivBqv ¸wj Ki‡Q|
Avi c‡_ Nv‡U wKQy ‡Zv gvi‡Q hv‡`i cvB‡Q| c‡ii w`bI H
‡cqviv evMv‡bi MvQ KvUv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡jv| c‡i ‡jvKgy‡L
ïbwQ ‡h, wÎk Pwj¬k nvRvi ‡jvKB bvwK GUv Ki‡Q|
SvjKvwV _vbv, bjwQwU _vbv, ¯^iƒcKvwV _vbv G‡`i g‡a¨
mevB ‡h ivRvKvi Zv bq| ‡Rvi K‡i wbqv ‡M‡Q cÖ‡Z¨K evwo
‡_‡K| evbvixcvov _vbvi ‡jvKRb‡KI ‡Rvic~e©K a‡i wbqv
‡M‡Q| cÖwZ evwo ‡_‡KB hyeK ev cyi“l‡`i Avm‡Z n‡e| GUv
Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv eva¨Zvg~jK| bv nB‡j Zv‡`i Avevi
96
m~wPcÎ |
Rxebvk¼v| Zv‡`i ‡Rvi Kwiqv wbqv Avm‡Zv j‡Â j‡Â,
UÖjv‡i UÖjv‡i| Zv‡`i w`qv H ‡cqviv evMvb¸wj KvUv
nB‡Zv| H RvqMvi MÖvg¸‡jv wbwðý Kivi KviY wQ‡jv g~jZ
Avgv‡`i cuwPk QvweŸkUv MÖvg wQ‡jv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ GjvKv|
wn›`yiv Ges gyw³evwnbx H me RvqMvq AvkÖq wbwQ‡jv| Ggb
wK SvjKvwV, ewikv‡ji A‡bK e¨emvqx wn›`yI HLv‡b AvkÖq
wbwQ‡jv| Zviv fvewQ‡jv ‡h, ‡cqviv evMv‡b cvK Avwg©,
ivRvKviiv Avm‡e bv| GBRb¨ H me RvqMvq A‡bK ‡jvK
wQ‡jv| nvRv‡i nvRv‡i ‡jvK wQ‡jv| c‡ii w`bI MvQ KvUv
Ae¨vnZ _vK‡jv| cÖwZ w`bB GMv‡ivUvi w`K ‡_‡K
evMvbUv‡K wN‡i ‡dj‡Zv| Avgiv g…Z¨y f‡q ‡`ŠovBZvg|
wfRv Kvco| Avi ‡Zv ‡Kv‡bv Kvco Rvgv wQ‡jv bv, Lvevi
wQ‡jv bv| hLb GBfv‡e AvKªgY Ki‡Zv ZLb Avgv‡`i
gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡`ŠuovB‡Z nB‡Zv| wKQy wKQy avb ‡LZI
wQ‡jv| ZLb Kªwjs-Gi g‡Zv K‡i ey‡K gvwU UvBbœv g…Z¨yi
f‡q‡Z hvIqv jvM‡Zv| wfZ‡i A‡bK¸wj Lvj wQ‡jv H
evMvb GjvKvq| ‡mÖvZ Lye| evev‡i gvB‡i dvjvB‡Q| GLb
fvB‡K ‡Zv evuPvB‡Z n‡e| I‡K GK nv‡Z wbqv Avi GK nvZ
w`‡q mvuZ‡i cvi n‡q hvBZvg| ZLb ‡`LwQ ‡h mevB GK|
g…Z¨y f‡q fxZ mevB| mevB GK mv‡_ ‡`ŠuovBZvg| GK
mv‡_ WyevBZvg| GBfv‡e Pvi cvuP w`b Pj‡jv|
cÖkœ : KZ ZvwiL ?
DËi : GUv n‡e 8 Avlvp m¤¢eZ| AvUB Avlvp iv‡Î mg¯—
evMvb weivb GjvKv‡Z cwiYZ nq| A_©vr MvQcvjv KvBU¨v
dvjvB‡Q me| GLv‡b ILv‡b ïay jvk| Avi ‡jvKRb hv‡`i
MvwR©qvb wQ‡jv Zviv ‡Zv me ILvb ‡_‡K PBjv ‡M‡jv| ‡KD
BwÛqv PBjv ‡M‡jv| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i ‡Zv MvwR©qvb wQ‡jv bv|
Avgv‡`i hvIqv Avi ‡Kv_vI nB‡jv bv| Avgiv ‡ivR Hfv‡e
‡`ŠovBqv cvjvBqv KPywii wfZ‡i jyKvBqv _vK‡Z jvMjvg|
GKw`b ivZ GMv‡ivUvi w`‡K Avgiv cÖvYc‡Y Kq fvB-‡evb
Ges gv wg‡j GKUv ‡bŠKv D×v‡ii ‡Póv Kijvg| GBRb¨ ‡h,
‡bŠKv K‡i Avgiv GLvb ‡_‡K ‡Kv_vI ‡ei n‡q hvB‡Z cvwi
wKbv| hw`I ‡bŠKv PvjvBevi g‡Zv ‡KD wQ‡jv bv, ZeyI
evuPvi cÖPÛ ‡Póv| c‡_ h‡Zv MvQ KvBU¨v ‡dj‡Q ‡m me
mivBqv mivBqv ‡Kv‡bvfv‡e GKUv Lvj cwi®‹vi Kwi hv‡Z
evB‡i ‡ei nB‡Z cvwi| Lvj hLb cwi®‹vi Kwi GB mgq ïwb
A‡bK `~i ‡_‡K Avgvi bvg a‡i ‡KD WvK‡Q| ZLb eyS‡Z
cvijvg ‡h, ‡Kv‡bv AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb nq‡Zv Avgv‡`i D×vi Kivi
Rb¨ ILv‡b Avm‡Q| Avgiv mevB wg‡j cÖvYc‡Y mvov w`jvg
‡h, Avgiv GBLv‡b| h‡Zv ‡Rv‡i cvwi Z‡Zv ‡Rv‡i mevB
wg‡j wPrKvi Kivi c‡i Dbviv Av‡¯— Av‡¯— Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q
Avm‡Q| ‡`Ljvg gv‡qi GK KvKv‡Zv fvB| Avgvi gvgv wZwb
K‡qKRb m½x wbqv Avgv‡`i D×v‡ii Rb¨ Avm‡Qb| wZwb
Avgv‡`i H ‡bŠKvUv‡Z Zyj‡jb| Zvici gvgv Dbv‡`i wbqv
Mv‡Qi ¸wo¸jv mivBqv UivBqv GKUv Lvj cwi®‹vi Ki‡jb|
Zvici Avgv‡`i mevB‡K ‡bŠKvq wbqv ‡jvKvj‡q wbqv ivBL¨v
Avm‡jv| Avi Avgv‡i wbqv H iv‡ÎB ILvb ‡_‡K beMÖvg
ch©š— ‡M‡jv| gvSLv‡b `yBUv eo Lvj| ZLb ‡Zv Lvj ‡ek
eo wQ‡jv| ‡mB Lvj mvuZivBqv Avgiv beMÖv‡gi GK evwo‡Z
wMqv AvkÖq wbjvg|
cÖkœ : Avcwb ejwQ‡jb ‡h, A‡bK ‡jvK ‡cqviv evMvb ‡K‡U
‡djwQ‡jv| GB ‡cqviv evMvb ‡K‡U ‡djvi Rb¨ ‡h ‡jvKRb
G‡mwQ‡jv I‡`i ‡bZ…‡Z¡ ‡K ev Kviv wQ‡jv ?
DËi : Avgiv ï‡bwQjvg ‡h, AvLZvi e¨vwi÷vi, gymwjg jxM
‡_‡K wbe©vP‡b `vuovBwQ‡jb| wZwb nvBiv ‡M‡Qb| GB nvivUv
Zvu‡K cÖwZ‡kvacivqY K‡i Zy‡j| ‡bQvivev‡`i ûRyi wZwbI
evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb ‡nvK GBUv PvBwQ‡jv bv| GB `yÕRbvi
‡bZ…‡Z¡B ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv nq e‡j ïbwQ| nvRvi nvRvi
‡jvK‡K ‡Rvic~e©K, ejc~e©K wewfbœ _vbv ‡_‡K a‡i wb‡q
Avmv nq|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi K_vq Avcwb GKwU kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb
ÔcvBwQ,Õ ÔcvBwQÕ e‡j| GB kãwU Kviv Ki‡Zv Ges ‡Kb
Ki‡Zv, Kv‡`i LyuR‡Zv ?
DËi : Avgv‡`i jyKv‡bvi welqwU mevB ‡R‡b ‡MwQ‡jv| Avwg
e‡jwQ, GUv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ GjvKv| wn›`y ‡g‡q, cyi“l, hyev,
e…× mevB R‡ji KPywii wfZ‡i cjvBwQ‡jv| Iiv cvBwQ,
cvBwQ ej‡j hv‡Z gvbyl weåvš— nq Ges Lv‡ji KPywii wfZi
‡_‡K evBi nBqv Av‡m| gvbylRb‡K weåvš— Kivi Rb¨B Iiv
GB ÔcvBwQÕ ÔcvBwQÕ kã¸wj e¨envi Ki‡Zv| c‡i ïbwQ ‡h,
GB k‡ã A‡b‡K ‡ei nBqv Avm‡Q| Lvj QvBov DV‡Q| ZLb
Zv‡i aBiv wb‡Q| wKš‘ Avwg m‡PZb wQjvg ‡h, hZ¶Y ch©š—
Avgv‡i Py‡ji gywV aBiv bv DVvB‡e ZZ¶Y Avwg DV‡ev bv|
GB Rb¨ H k‡ã Avgv‡i weåvš— Ki‡Z cv‡i bvB| cieZ©x‡Z
ïbwQjvg ‡h, Avgvi bvg awiqvI bvwK ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv GjvKvq
‡KD ‡KD WvKvWvwK KiwQ‡jv| ‡gvUvgywU
Avgv‡K wPb‡Zv mevB| H GjvKvq MÖv‡gi
g‡a¨ ZLb ‡jLvcov Kiv ‡g‡qi msL¨v Kg wQ‡jv|
Avwg ZLb K‡j‡R cwo, ev‡MinvU wc.wm. K‡j‡R| Avwg
wQjvg gyw³hy‡×i ¯^c‡¶| myZivs Kv‡iv Kv‡iv `…wó‡Z GKUy
LvivcB jvM‡Zv|
cÖkœ : Avcbviv H mgq wKfv‡e Rxeb aviY K‡iwQ‡jb ?
DËi : Rxeb evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ ‡cvov Pvj msMÖn K‡i wb‡q
we‡ji g‡a¨ GK evwo‡Z ivbœv n‡Zv| ‡mB ‡cvov Pv‡ji fvZ
‡h wK we¯^v` Zv AvR g‡b Ki‡ZI Kó nq| A_P cÖv‡Y
evuP‡Z HUvB LvB‡Z nB‡Zv| ‡mB m‡½ cvwbKPy, kvcjv A_©vr
we‡ji g‡a¨ hv cvIqv hvq ZvB w`‡q ivbœv n‡Zv| ZLb
evB‡ii evRv‡ii m‡½ ‡Kv‡bv ‡hvMv‡hvM wQ‡jv bv| je‡Yi
Afve wQ‡jv cÖP | jeY QvovB Avgv‡`i ‡mB A‡a©K ‡cvov
Avi A‡a©K fvj PvD‡ji fvZ Avi kvcjv wm× ‡L‡Z n‡Zv|
GKw`b Avgvi gv ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K GKUv cyUywj‡Z K‡i wfRv‡bv
AvZc Pvj wb‡q Avm‡jb| ‡mB Pvj `yB w`b ch©š— ‡evanq
cvwbi wb‡P wQ‡jv| d‡j, MÜ wQ‡jv cÖP | ‡mB Pvj wm×
K‡iI ‡L‡qwQ| Avi w`‡bi ‡ejv ‡cqviv ‡Uqviv LvBZvg|
‡cqviv Qvov Avi wKQyB LvIqvi wQ‡jv bv ZLb|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq ‡Kv‡bv evwoNi cyov‡bv ev jyUcvU
n‡qwQ‡jv wK ?
DËi : n¨vu, me evwo cyov‡bv nB‡Q| me evwo jyUcvU nB‡Q|
me evwoiB `yB Pvi Rb K‡i ‡jvK gviv ‡M‡Q, aBiv wbqv
‡M‡Q A_ev ¸wj K‡i ev ‡eq‡bU PvR© K‡i gvi‡Q|
AvQwo‡qI gviv nB‡Q A‡bK‡i|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq GB ‡h, evwoNi¸‡jv jyU Ges cyov‡bv
nB‡Q, cÖ_g wK jyU nB‡Q bv cÖ_‡g cyov‡bv n‡q‡Q ?
DËi : cÖ_‡g jyU Ges m‡½ m‡½ cyov‡bv cvkvcvwkB Pj‡Q|
Av‡M jyU KBiv gvjvgvj wbqv c‡i Av¸b w`qv w`‡Q|
Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g GKUv ev `yBUv Ni _vK‡Z cv‡i, ‡mB mgq
Avi ‡Kv‡bv evwo A¶Z wQ‡jv bv| me evwo cyovB w`wQ‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcbv‡`i ‡cqviv evMvb GjvKvq K‡ZvwU MÖvg ev
97
m~wPcÎ |
K‡ZvwU Ni evwo wQ‡jv?
DËi : ‡gvU ILv‡b 26wU wn›`y MÖvg| wKš‘ ‡cqviv evMvb
GjvKvq c‡bi wekwU MÖvg n‡e| Gi g‡a¨ cÖPyi evwo| Avwg
mwVK msL¨v ej‡Z cvi‡ev bv| ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv evwoi wÎk
cuqwÎkwU Ni wQ‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcwb ejwQ‡jb ‡h, Avcbvi GjvKvq gyw³evwnbx
wQ‡jv| Giv g~jZ GLv‡b wK Ki‡Zv ?
DËi : Giv AvkÖq wbwQ‡jv| IivI ‡evanq cÖ_‡g GB aviYv
KiwQ‡jv ‡h, GZeo evMvb, GLv‡b ‡KD nq‡Zv AvKªgY
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Iiv GLv‡b cÖwk¶Y wb‡Zv Ges gvbyl‡K
gwU‡fU Ki‡Zv| gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶i gvby‡li gb ‡hb Lvivc bv
nq, mvnm iv‡L G Rb¨ Zviv mvnm ‡RvMvB‡Zv|
cÖkœ : Avcwb e‡j‡Qb ‡h, Avcbvi GjvKvi A‡bK ‡jvK‡K H
w`b nZ¨v K‡iwQ‡jv| GB ‡h ‡jvKRb wbnZ n‡qwQ‡jv ev
knx` n‡qwQ‡jv-G‡`i jvk¸‡jv wK Ae¯’vq wQ‡jv ev G‡`i
jvk¸‡jv c‡i wK Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv ?
DËi : G‡`i jvk¸wji AwaKvskB Lv‡j fvmvq ‡`Iqv
nB‡Q| Avi wKQy b`x‡Z, gv‡V, Rjvf~wg‡Z, ¯‹y‡ji wcQ‡b
c‡o wQ‡jv| `yÕUv ¯‹yj wQ‡jv, ‡hLv‡b wQ‡jv ea¨f~wg| GKUv
nB‡Q RM`xkcyi, GLb ‡hUv cÖvBgvwi| H mgq IUv Avc‡MÖW
wQ‡jv| Avi kZ`jKvwV Mvj©m ¯‹yj| GB `yÕUv ¯‹y‡j g~jZ
ea¨f~wg wQ‡jv| Avi Icv‡kI wQ‡jv wKbv ‡mUv Avgvi Avi
‡Pv‡L c‡o bvB| jvk¸wj ¯‹y‡ji wcQ‡b Avi Lv‡j ‡d‡j
w`‡Q| ¯‹yj¸wji wcQ‡bB cov wQ‡jv ‡ewk jvk|
cÖkœ : Avcwb e‡j‡Qb Avcbvi evev‡K a‡i wb‡q wM‡qwQ‡jv
Avcbvi evevi jvk wK c‡i ‡c‡qwQ‡jb ?
DËi : bv, Avgiv jvk cvB bvB ev ‡`L‡ZI cvB bvB| KviY
ZLb ‡Zv Rxeb Ges m¤§v‡bi f‡q Avgiv fxZ| ïay cvwj‡q
‡eovw”Q| ZLb Avgv‡`i kw³ mvnm ‡Kv‡bv wKQyB wQ‡jv bv|
Avgiv jvk cvBwb| ‡`wL bvB| evev Avgv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb ‡h,
ZyB ‡bŠKvq hv| Avwg ejwQjvg, Zywg hvI| Avgvi m‡½ Zvui
‡mB ‡kl ‡`Lv, ‡kl K_v|
cÖkœ : Avcwb ‡Kb gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY Ki‡jb ?
DËi : Avwg mivmwi gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY Kwi bvB A_©vr A¯¿
nv‡Z awi bvB| Z‡e gvbyl‡K gwU‡fU Kivi mva¨ g‡Zv ‡Póv
K‡iwQ Avwg| gwnjv‡`i mvnm ‡RvMvBwQ| MÖv‡gi gwnjviv
‡Zv fq cvBqv ‡MwQ‡jv| Zviv fve‡Q GBfv‡e ‡evanq
mevB‡K ‡kl nBqv hvB‡Z nB‡e| ZLb Avwg Zv‡`i mvš—¡bv
w`wQ, mvnm w`wQ| ejwQ, GBfv‡e Pj‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgvi `…p
wek¦vm wQ‡jv ‡h, GKw`b bv GKw`b ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡eB| G
K_v Avwg ‡g‡q‡`i ejwQ|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKv KLb cvwK¯—vwbiv AvKªgY Ki‡jv ?
wKfv‡e AvKªgY Ki‡jv ?
DËi : m¤¢eZ GwcÖ‡ji Z…Zxq wK PZy_© mßv‡n AvKªgY Ki‡Q|
cÖ_g w`‡K iv¯—vNv‡U gvbyl ‡g‡i ‡dj‡Zv, ¸wj Ki‡Zv, jyU
Ki‡Zv| jyU Aek¨ ¯’vbxqivB Ki‡Q| cvK ‡mbviv ‡ewkifvM
¸wj Ki‡Q| ¯’vbxq ivRvKvi, kvwš— KwgwUi ‡jvKRb-GivB
gvbyl‡K jyU Kivi Rb¨, N‡i Av¸b ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ ej‡Zv|
Mi“ evQyimn mewKQy jyU K‡i wb‡q hvB‡Zv Zviv|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq wKfv‡e cvK evwnbx wM‡qwQ‡jv ?
DËi : Zviv ‡ev‡UB ‡MwQ‡jv| KviY SvjKvwV ‡_‡K
evIKvwVi ‡hvMv‡hvM ‡Zv Lye fv‡jv| Zviv wb‡R‡`i ‡ev‡U
KBiv PBjv ‡M‡Q ILv‡b| evIKvwV ‡Zv Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi
KvQvKvwQ|
cÖkœ : cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx Avcbvi GjvKvq Avi wK Ki‡jv ?
DËi : Zviv ivRvKv‡ii gva¨‡g Ni-evwo jyU Ki‡Q| Zvic‡i
‡jvKRb nZ¨v Ki‡Q| Av¸b w`qv MÖvg QviLvi KBiv w`‡Q|
MvQcvjv KvBU¨v dvjvB‡Q| Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g MvQcvjv Avi
Aewkó wQ‡jv bv| Avi H ‡h, ‡cqviv evMvb wQ‡jv, ‡cqviv
evMvb ‡Zv gvB‡ji ci gvBj, ‡mB evMvb ‡kl Ki‡Q|
cÖkœ : wewfbœ RvqMvq ‡h jvk¸‡jv c‡o wQ‡jv, ‡mB jvk¸‡jv
m¤ú‡K© wKQy ej‡eb?
DËi : Avgvi GKUv ¯§…wZi K_v ewj| Avwg hLb beMÖv‡g
hvB ZLb Avgvi GK AvZ¥xq Avgv‡K Zv‡`i ‡`‡k wb‡q
hvIqvi Rb¨ AvmwQ‡jv| Zvi m‡½ Avgiv Kq
‡evb wgjjv Zv‡`i evwo‡Z hvIqvi c‡_ H
RM`xkcyi ¯‹y‡ji cvk w`qv ‡h iv¯—v ‡mLvb w`qv
iIbv KiwQ| ‡`wL ‡h ¯‹y‡ji wcQ‡b AmsL¨ jvk c‡o Av‡Q|
wPj, k…Mvj, kKyb, KyKyi, KvK GB jvk¸‡jv LvB‡ZwQ‡jv|
Avwg weåv‡š—i g‡Zv `vuovB cowQjvg, g‡b nBwQ‡jv ‡h,
evevi jvkUv nq‡Zv ILv‡b Av‡Q| Avwg ZLb H jvk¸wji
w`‡K Zx² `…wó‡Z ‡`L‡Z wQjvg| wKš‘ jvk¸wj Ggb exfrm
‡h, ‡Pbv hvq bv| Avwg wVK wPb‡Z cvwi bvB KvD‡KB| ‡Kv‡bv
jv‡kiB mrKvi nq bvB| Avi Lv‡j ‡Zv AmsL¨ jvk wQ‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi cwiev‡i Avi ‡KD knx` n‡q‡Q wK ? n‡q
_vK‡j Zviv wKfv‡e knx` n‡jv ?
DËi : n¨vu, cÖ_‡g ej‡ev Avgvi evevi K_v| Avgvi evev‡K
3iv Avlvp ‡cqviv evMvb ‡_‡K a‡i wb‡q hvq| ï‡bwQ 5B
Avlvp Lye ‡fvi iv‡Î Zvu‡K H evIKvwV Lv‡ji cv‡oB ¸wj
K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq| Ibvi mv‡_ Av‡iv QvweŸkRb‡K nZ¨v
Kiv nq| I‡`i m‡½ Avgvi gvgv wQ‡jb, ex‡i›`Öbv_ Nivwg|
wZwb GKUv ‡Wvev cyKy‡i KPywii g‡a¨ cvjv‡bv wQ‡jb| Zvu‡K
bvwK Zviv cvB‡Q Ges a‡i wb‡q ‡M‡Q| Zvu‡KI GKB w`‡b
¸wj Kiv nq| Avgvi ‡g‡mvgkvB KvwZ©KP›`Ö ‡ecvwi Ibv‡iI
aBiv wbqv hvBqv c‡ii w`b ¸wj Ki‡Q| Avi Zv Qvov MÖv‡g
‡Zv A‡bK ‡jvK gvi‡Q|
Avgvi ¯§…wZ‡Z GKUv NUbv AvRI RvMiƒK; ‡mUv GiKg:
‡Q‡jUvi bvg KvwZ©K| c`ex ej‡Z cvi‡ev bv| Ii evev
Avgv‡`i MÖv‡giB| I Avgvi QvÎ wQ‡jv| I‡i Avwg evwo‡Z
covBZvg| Avwg Õ71 mv‡j AvB.Gmwm. cix¶vi c‡i
RM`xkcyi Avc‡MÖW ¯‹y‡j wKQyw`b weÁv‡bi wk¶K wnmv‡e
KvR K‡iwQjvg Abvivwi| HLv‡b Avgvi QvÎ wQ‡jv KvwZ©K|
‡m ZLb K¬vm GB‡U co‡Zv| ‡m Lye DuPy j¤^v wQ‡jv K¬vm
GB‡Ui Zyjbvq| Ii cÖwZ Avgvi GKUv `ye©jZv wQ‡jv| KviY
I Rb¥vBevi Av‡MB Ii evev‡K WvKvZiv gvBiv dvjvBwQ‡jv|
Ii gv Avgv‡i ‡ek Av`i hZœ Ki‡Zv| wewfbœ Kvi‡YB Ii
cÖwZ Avgvi GKUv mdU Kb©vi wQ‡jv| I Avgvi evwo‡ZI
Avm‡Zv| I‡i Avwg evwo‡Z AsKUsK wkLvBwQ, weÁvb
covBwQ| hy‡×i c‡i Ii gvi A‡bKUv gw¯—®‹ weK…wZ N‡U|
gwnjv Avgvi `v`yi bvg a‡i cÖvq ej‡Zv ‡h, Avgvi ‡LvKv
Agy‡Ki bvwZi Kv‡Q co‡Z ‡M‡Q, Avwg hvB, Avwg hvB| GB
eBjv ‡m QyBÆv Avm‡Zv Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z| ‡m cÖvqB GiKg
98
m~wPcÎ |
Ki‡Zv| wKQy‡ZB gvb‡Zv bv, gvBb¨v wb‡Zv bv ‡h, Zvi
‡Q‡j‡K cvwK¯—vwbiv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq KLb ‡_‡K gyw³evwnbxi ZrciZv ïi“
nq Ges ZLb gyw³evwnbx m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi g‡bvfve ‡Kgb
wQ‡jv ?
DËi : RbM‡Yi GKvš— Kv‡Qi gvbyl wQ‡jv gyw³evwnbx|
GKvš— AvcbRb gyw³evwnbx‡K h‡Zv cÖKv‡i mvnvh¨ Kiv
`iKvi, ‡mUv Avgv‡`i GjvKvi RbMY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i
‡MvcbxqZv i¶v K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i Lv`¨ ‡RvMvB‡Q, Zv‡`i
AvkÖq w`‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i GjvKvi gvbyl me©‡Zvfv‡e Zv‡`i
mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Q Ges RbMY Zv‡`i‡KB A_©vr
gyw³evwnbx‡KB ÎvYKZ©v wnmv‡e ‡f‡e wb‡qwQ‡jv| ‡cqviv
evMv‡bi gv‡S gv‡S GKUv evwo _vK‡Zv| Hme evwo‡Z g~jZ
gyw³evwnbxi K¨v¤ú wQ‡jv Ges ILv‡bB Zviv ‡UÖwbs wb‡Zv|
‡`LZvg Zviv ‡UÖwbs wb‡”Q| Avgv‡`i GjvKvi A‡bK ‡Q‡j
‡g‡q gyw³evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jv Ges ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ‡jv|
GB gyn~‡Z© Avwg Zv‡`i bvg ¯§iY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq ‡h me NUbv N‡UwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b
‡g‡q‡`i Dc‡i ‡Kv‡bv AgvbweK ev cvkweK wbh©vZb Kiv
n‡qwQ‡jv wK ?
DËi : Avwg ‡Zv ‡m me NUbv cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Z cvwi bvB| Z‡e
Avwg ï‡bwQ| Avgv‡`i GjvKvUv ‡Zv ‡gvUvgywU wkw¶Z
GjvKv| me evwoi ‡g‡qivB ‡jLvcov wkL‡Zv| K‡j‡R
co‡Zv| XvKvmn wewfbœ RvqMvq covïbv Ki‡Zv| c‡i ï‡bwQ
‡h, ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv evwoi ‡g‡q‡`i bvwK a‡i wb‡q ‡MwQ‡jv
wgwjUvwiiv|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖvg ev GjvKvq Kviv ivRvKvi wQ‡jv, kvwš—
KwgwU‡Z Kviv wQ‡jv—Zviv GLb ‡Kv_vq ?
DËi : ‡eZ&ov cÖvBgvwi ¯‹y‡ji ZrKvjxb ‡nWwUPvi kvwš—
KwgwU‡Z wQ‡jv| Zvici evIKvwV nvB¯‹y‡ji `yB GKRb
wUPviI wQ‡jv| Zv‡`i bvg Avwg wVK ej‡Z cvi‡ev bv|
evIKvwV ¯‹y‡ji GK wUPv‡ii ‡Q‡j ivRvKv‡ii ‡nW wQ‡jv|
evIKvwV‡Z ivRvKv‡ii ‡h GKUv K¨v¤ú K‡iwQ‡jv ‡mB
K¨v‡¤úi ‡nW wQ‡jv ‡m|
cÖkœ : Avcwb hv‡`i K_v ej‡jb, Giv GLb wK Ae¯’vq Av‡Q
ev ‡Kv_vq Av‡Q ?
DËi : GLb ‡`‡kB Av‡Q| Iiv ¯^vaxbZvi ci GKUy
AvZ¥‡Mvcb K‡iwQ‡jv| MÖv‡g wQ‡jv bv| wKš‘ GLb Zviv
Avevi MÖv‡gB envj Zweq‡Z Av‡Q|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖv‡g ev GjvKvq Avj-e`i Avj-kvgm Kviv
wQ‡jv? Zviv GLb ‡Kv_vq ?
DËi : Avgv‡`i MÖvg ‡Zv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ| Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi
‡KD H me evwnbx‡Z wQ‡jv bv| Avgv‡`i cvkvcvwk
KvwjKv›`v, evIKvwV H me GjvKvq wQ‡jv| Zvici beMÖvg,
wkgywjqv Hme GjvKvi ‡jvKRbI wQ‡jv|
cÖkœ : hy‡×i ‡k‡l MÖv‡g wd‡i wK Ae¯’v ‡`L‡jb ? Avcbvi
MÖv‡gi ev GjvKvi ¯‹yj, K‡jR, gmwR`, gv`Övmv, gw›`i, weÖR
I evwoN‡ii Ae¯’v ?
DËi : Avwg ‡Zv Av‡MB e‡jwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i ILv‡b
A‡bK¸‡jv MÖv‡gB ‡Kv‡bv Ni wQ‡jv bv| A‡bK MvQcvjv KvUv
wQ‡jv| ïay R½j Avi R½j, jZvwj Mv‡Qi R½j| Mi“
evQyiI wQ‡jv bv| ‡Kv‡bv wRwbmcÎ wQ‡jv bv| AwaKvskB
fvi‡Z wMqv AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jv| Avgv‡`i QvweŸkUv MÖv‡gi K_v
Avwg ej‡ev MÖv‡gi cÖvq ‡jvKB fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jv Ges
Zviv ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i c‡i ‡`‡k wdi‡Q| K¨v‡¤ú ‡h nvwoKywo
Zv‡`i w`wQ‡jv ‡mBUvB Zv‡`i m¤^j wQ‡jv| Zviv evwo‡Z
AvBmv av‡bi LoKy‡Uv w`qv A_ev ‡MvjcvZv w`qv ‡Kv‡bvfv‡e
‡QvULv‡Uv Ni ZyBjv G‡KK N‡i cuwPk wÎk Rb wg‡j
VvmvVvwm K‡i _vK‡Zv| Avgiv H iKg `yBUv Pv‡ji wb‡P cÖvq
GK eQ‡ii g‡Zv wQjvg| Avgv‡`i GjvKvq j½iLvbv
LyjwQ‡jv Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q| Avgvi ‡mR ‡evb Ges Avwg
GKUy j¾v cvBZvg Lvevi Avb‡Z| Avwg ZLb eo| ‡mR
‡evbI eo| ‡QvU ‡evbUv ZLb wm‡O co‡Zv| ‡m Avi Avgvi
‡QvU fvB ‡h Uy-‡Z co‡Zv Iiv GKUv Mvgjv ev GKUv nvwo
wb‡q j½iLvbvq hvB‡Zv| GK wm‡×i Pvj bv wK e‡j Zvi
GKUv RvD-Gi g‡Zv ev wLPywoi g‡Zv ivbœv Ki‡Zv| Zviv
HUv nvwo fBiv wbqv Avm‡Zv| ‡mBUv Avgiv LvBZvg| Avi
wQ‡jv QvZy, fyÆvi QvZy bv wK ej‡Zv, HUv Avm‡Z jvM‡jv|
HUv cvBZvg| HUv gvBL¨v mKvj weKv‡j LvBZvg| `ycyi
‡ejv j½iLvbvi ‡mB RvD| wKQy Mg UgI cvBZvg wiwjd
wnmv‡e| ivgK…ò wgkb wKQy Kvco w`‡Q| wKQy wKQy UvKvI
w`‡Q| H ms¯’v Avgv‡i ¯^vaxbZvi ci GKÕk
UvKv w`wQ‡jv Avi m¤¢eZ Avav gb AvZc Pvj|
Avi Avwg QvÎx wnmv‡e ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i K‡jR ‡Lvjvi
c‡i ev‡Minv‡U Avgv‡i Avav gY PvDj, Avav gY Mg Ges
ivgK…ò wgkb n‡Z `yÕ‡Uv kvwo w`wQ‡jv| wKQy UvKv cqmvI
w`wQ‡jv Zviv| Zvici ¯’vbxq ‡Pqvig¨vb Dwb gymwjg wQ‡jb|
beMÖv‡g evwo| Dwb evev‡i Lye kÖ×v Ki‡Zb| Dwb Avgv‡`i
‡ek mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ‡jb| wKQy Pvj, Mg, Kvc‡oi e¨e¯’v
K‡iwQ‡jb| K¤^jI wiwjd wnmv‡e w`‡qwQ‡jv| GBfv‡eB
Avgiv cieZ©x‡Z ‡eu‡P wQjvg|
cÖkœ : hy‡×i ‡k‡l Avcwb wK Ki‡jb ?
DËi : hy‡×i ‡k‡l g‡b Kijvg ‡h, ‡jLvcov Ki‡ZB n‡e|
evuP‡Z n‡j ‡jLvcovB Avmj| ZLb Avwg ev‡Minv‡U P‡j
hvB| Avwg Av‡MB ‡evanq e‡jwQ ‡h, L…÷vb‡`i GKUv ms¯’v
wQ‡jv webqKvwV‡Z, Iiv Avgv‡i wKQy mvnvh¨ w`wQ‡jv| ‡mB
mvnvh¨ wbqv Avwg ev‡Minv‡U PBj¨v hvB| ev‡Minv‡U Avwg
Ges Avgvi GK evÜex Iiv KjKvZvi më‡j‡K K¨v‡¤ú
AvkÖq wbwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b Ii gv gviv hvq `yÕR‡b ZLb
ev‡MiMnvU K‡j‡R coZvg| K‡j‡Ri ZLb wcÖwÝcvj wQ‡jb
kÖ‡×q AvmgZ Avjx AvL›`| Dwb Avgv‡`i K_v ï‡b
Avgv‡`i `yÕRbv‡i `yB m¨v‡ii evmvq jwRs-Gi e¨e¯’v K‡i
w`‡jb| Avgvi m¨vi wQ‡jb kÖ‡×q myfvlP›`Ö cvj| ZrKvjxb
ev‡MinvU wc.wm. K‡j‡Ri As‡Ki wUPvi| Dwb cieZ©x‡Z
Aek¨ fviZ PBjv ‡M‡Qb| Avi Avgvi evÜexI Av‡iK
m¨v‡ii evmvq, Dbvi bvgUv Avwg fy‡j ‡MwQ, wdÖ jwRs
_vK‡jv| GUv Avgv‡`i wcÖwÝcvj m¨viB e¨e¯’v K‡i
w`‡qwQ‡jb|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖvg ev GjvKvi ‡Kvb ‡Kvb RvqMv‡Z e¨vcK
nZ¨vKv , jyUcvU, AwMœms‡hvM Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv G me Kviv
K‡iwQ‡jv ?
DËi : RM`xkcyi, ivgcyi, ‡evniv, kvLvMvwQ, KvcoKvwV,
kZ`kKvwV Ges wegwj‡Z e¨vcK nZ¨vKv Uvwiiv ‡gBb iv¯—vq
‡M‡Q| wKš‘ wfZ‡i mvaviYZ ivRvKviivB GB KvR¸jv
Ki‡Q|
mv¶vrKvi MÖn‡Yi ZvwiL : AvM÷ 12 I 14, 1996
99
m~wPcÎ |

wbg©g aŸsmh‡Ái wkKvi cÖZ¨¶`kx©i mv¶vrKvi : Zvivevb ‡eIqv

kIKZ †nv‡mb gvmyg
KvRwU gyw³‡hv×v M‡elYv ‡K‡›`Öi| Zviv wewfbœ GjvKvq hy‡× jvMvq w`‡Q, KvDK gvB‡i ‡dj‡Q| gvBqv gvBb‡li B¾Z ZviciI mevK gvwi ‡djv‡jv| ‡g‡q ‡Q‡ji B¾Z gvwi‡jv|
¶wZMÖ¯— Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡ii mv¶vrKvi wb‡q‡Q| Zviv Gi bvg gvi‡Q| ‡Kv‡bv Aem&nvq I‡`i mv‡_ cviv hvq bv| ‡gviv ‡h ‡gvi Zvgvg RxebUvB gvwU Kwi w`‡Q|
w`‡q K_¨ BwZnvm| Gme mv¶vrKvi co‡j hy‡×i fqvenZv cv‡KB ‡`Š‡o hvB ‡mB cv‡KB Lvb, ‡m cv‡KB ‡g‡q cÖkœ : Lvb‡`i Avcbviv gyiwM, `ya, Mi“-evQyi w`‡q‡Qb?
Abyfe Kiv hvq| GLv‡b †miKgB GK mv¶vrKvi Zy‡j w`jvg| gvBb‡lK Iiv Rveov‡q a‡i, me cv‡KB ‡g‡q gvBb‡lK Iiv DËi : nq, nq| evuPvi Rb¨ ‡gviv w`wQ| ZvI gvwi‡Q ‡mvbv,
aivawi Ki‡Q| ‡Kv‡bv wKQy Kwi cviv hvB bvB| Lv‡b‡`i ZvI gvwi‡Q| ‡gvi fvB evjwU fB‡i `ya w`‡q AvB‡Q 5/7
bvg : Zvivevb ‡eIqv nv‡ZvZ w_Kv ‡gviv evuPcvi cvwi bvB ‡KD| cyi“l gvbyl me
¯^vgx : AvjZvd ‡PŠayix (1971 mv‡j Rb gvby‡li| ZvI mevK gvB‡i ‡dj‡Q|
awi wbqv hvqv gvBiv dvjvB‡jv| H mgq MÖv‡g e¨vUv ‡Q‡j hv
cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ) AvwQ‡jv nMj‡KB Iiv gvB‡i dvjvB‡Q| Lvbiv ‡M‡Q ci cÖkœ : cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv gwnjv‡`i Dci wbh©vZb K‡iwQ‡jv
wVKvbv : MÖvg : cÖvYK…òcyi, Pi‡Kvbv Piv, ‡gviv mevB ‡`Šo gvB‡i hvqv ‡`wL mevB gBiv ‡M‡Q| ‡gviv wK?
BDwbqb : cywUgviv, WvKNi : IBnv‡b ‡MwQ ci Lvbiv wdi Dwë AvB‡Q| hLb Iiv Dwë DËi : n, KiwQ‡jv| ‡eevK ‡g‡q‡Q‡jK aiwQ‡jv| a‡i
cywUgviv, _vbv : beveMÄ, ‡Rjv : AvB‡Q mLb wdi ‡gviv ‡`Šo gvB‡iwQ| ‡gvi wZbUv fvB IB Avgv‡Mv evwoZ, Gi Ii evwoZ wbqv ‡MwQ‡jv| NiZ Avi
w`bvRcyi mgq gviv ‡M‡Q| hv‡q ‡`wL me gi‡Q| wZbUv fvB| Avovj Uvov‡j wbqv ‡MwQ‡jv| NiZ mvÜvBqv ‡niv AZ¨vPvi
wk¶vMZ ‡hvM¨Zv : wbi¶i fvB‡qi eo e¨vUv, ‡gvi eo e¨vUv| MvI ‡Miv‡gi nMj‡K KiwQ‡jv| I¸jv Kiv ‡kl nwj ci evwoZ Av¸b jvMv‡q
1971 mv‡j eqm : 30 GK RvqMvq wbwQ‡jv Lvbiv| Zvici ¸wj Ki‡Q| w`wQ‡jv| ZLb mviv MvI ïB‡× Av¸b| Lye AZ¨vPvi
1971 mv‡j ‡ckv : M…neay KiwQ‡jv, LyeB AZ¨vPvi|
eZ©gvb ‡ckv : M…wnYx cÖkœ : Avcbviv hLb jvk Avb‡Z ‡M‡jb ZLb cvwK¯—vwb
‰mb¨iv Avevi Ny‡i G‡m Avcbv‡`i‡K avIqv KiwQ‡jv| cÖkœ : Lv‡biv ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q‡K ¸wj K‡i gviwQ‡jv wK?
cÖkœ : 1971 mv‡j hy‡×i NUbv wK Avcbvi g‡b c‡o? DËi : n, wdi AvmwQ‡jv| AvBmv avIqv Ki‡Q| DËi : n, gvwi‡Q `yBRb‡K|
DËi : n, g‡b Av‡Q, ‡`‡k Znb hy× jvMwQ‡jv| Lv‡biv cÖkœ : ZLb Avcwb wK Ki‡jb? cÖkœ : Zv‡`i bvg ej‡Z cvi‡eb ?
Znb Avgv‡`i ‡`‡ki A‡bK ‡jvK gviwQ‡jv| DËi : wdi ‡`Šo gvB‡i Gw`K Iw`K ‡MwQ| ‰K ‡MwQ ‡mUv DËi : Qqbv GK R‡bi bvg| Av‡iK R‡bi bvg mvjy| ‡niv
cÖkœ : cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv Avcbv‡`i MÖv‡g AvKªgY K‡iwQ‡jv GLb KIqvi cvigy bv| wdi AvBmv ‡`wL Iiv me gB‡i nvgvi N‡iZ Kvb‡ZwQ‡jv|
wK? ‡M‡Q| ‡gvi ¯^vgx KBwQ‡jv gyK cvwb wLjvI| gyB cvwbWvI cÖkœ : Zvic‡i Avcbviv wK Ki‡jb?
DËi : n, KiwQ‡jv| wLjvB‡Z cvwi bvB| ZnbB IB Lvbiv AvB‡Q, gyB Avevi DËi : Lvbiv ‡M‡Q ci AvB‡m Kv‡›`wQ| giv¸jvK
‡`Šo gvwiwQ| c‡i AvBmv ‡`wL ¯^vgx ‡gvi gi‡Q| Avkcv‡ki MÖv‡gi ‡jvKiv wbqv AvB‡Q| giv¸jvK ‡MvQj
cÖkœ : Avcbv‡`i GB MÖv‡g KLb cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx AvKªgY cÖkœ : Avcbvi cwiev‡ii KqRb‡K cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv nZ¨v KivB‡Q bv KivBwb Zv KIqvi cvwi bv| gyB ‡eû‡mi g‡Zv|
Ki‡jv? K‡iwQ‡jv? ‡gvi wZbUv fvB| fvB‡qi e¨vUv, ‡gvi eo e¨vUv, ¯^vgx, me
DËi : AvKªgY A‡bK evi Ki‡Q| GKw`b ‡fv‡i AvB‡m DËi : `yBRbvK wbqv ‡MwQ‡jv| ‡gvi e¨vUv Avi ¯^vgx| GK RvqMvZ gvwU w`‡Q|
Pig AvKªgY KiwQ‡jv| Zvgvg MÖvg ‡niv ‡NivI KiwQ‡jv|
Zvgvg MÖvg ‡NivI K‡i Iiv cyi“l gvbyl KvDK evuPvevi ‡`q cÖkœ : Lvbiv Avi Av‡mwb GLv‡b? cÖkœ : Zvici?
bvB| cyi“l gvbyl ‡KD cjvB‡Z cv‡i bvB| mevK wbqv hvqv DËi : KZ A¨v‡jv Avevi| ‡`Šov‡`Šwo, K‡Zv ‡K‡jsKvix| DËi : GLv‡bB wQjvg|
Iiv gvB‡i ‡djvB‡Q| Iiv AvB‡Q, ‡gviv fv‡Zi cvwZj _y‡q cjvBwQ, Qvjb cÖkœ : Gici wK Avi Av‡m bvB Lvbiv?
(ZiKvwi) _y‡q cjvBwQ, LvIbI nq bvB| Iiv Lye AZ¨vPvi DËi : Av‡m bvB gv‡b? AvB‡Q| Znb ‡`Šov‡`Šwo Kwi
cÖkœ : ‡mw`b Avcbv‡`i MÖv‡g cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv Avi wK KBi‡Q GB RvqMvZ| Lye AZ¨vPvi| ‡gvi fvB Lvb‡Mv‡i `ya jyKvBwQ|
K‡iwQ‡jv? w`qv AvB‡Q| ‡gvi fvB K‡Zv wK w`‡Q| dj w`qv AvB‡Q,
DËi : KvDK WvK w`qv wbqv ‡M‡Q, Kvi“ evwo‡Z Av¸b Kjv w`qv AvB‡Q, MvB w`‡jv, gyiwM w`‡jv, me w`‡jv| ‡niv mv¶vrKvi MÖn‡Yi ZvwiL : b‡f¤^i 04, 1996

100
m~wPcÎ |
wbg©g aŸsmh‡Ái wkKvi cÖZ¨¶`kx©i mv¶vrKvi : Zyb`yib ‡eIqv
kIKZ †nv‡mb gvmyg
KvRwU gyw³‡hv×v M‡elYv ‡K‡›`Öi| Zviv wewfbœ GjvKvq hy‡×
¶wZMÖ¯— Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡ii mv¶vrKvi wb‡q‡Q| Zviv Gi
bvg w`‡q K_¨ BwZnvm| Gme mv¶vrKvi co‡j hy‡×i
fqvenZv Abyfe Kiv hvq| Avmyb Rvwb ‡mB me BwZnvm|
bvg : Zyb`yib ‡eIqv
¯^vgx : Zv‡ni DÏxb (1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—vwb
‰mb¨‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ)
wVKvbv : MÖvg : cÖvYK…òcyi, WvK : cywUgviv,
BDwbqb : cywUgviv, _vbv : beveMÄ,
‡Rjv : w`bvRcyi
wk¶vMZ ‡hvM¨Zv : PZy_© ‡kÖYx
1971 mv‡j eqm : 30
1971 mv‡j ‡ckv : M…nea~
eZ©gvb ‡ckv : M…wnYx
cÖkœ : 1970-71 mv‡ji K_v wK Avcbvi g‡b c‡o ? hy‡×i
K_v ?
DËi : Znb GKUv ‡fvUvfywU nBwQ‡jv| ‡gviv ‡bŠKvZ ‡fvU
w`wQ| Zvici ‡`‡ki g‡a¨ hy× bvwM ‡M‡jv| Lvbiv gvbyl
gvwi ‡djv‡jv| ‡g‡q gvbylK wbh©vZb Kwi‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcbv‡`i MÖv‡g cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbviv AvKªgY K‡iwQ‡jv
wK ?
DËi : n, AvKªgY K‡qKevi Kwi‡Q| c‡i GKw`b ivB‡Zi
‡ejv MÖvgUv Lvbiv Avevi ‡NivI KiwQ‡jv| ‡KD Rvbevi
cv‡i bvB| ‡fviiv‡Z mevB RvwM DV‡jv| RvBMv ‡`‡L
Pvicv‡K Lvbiv wNwi Av‡Q| ‡hB cv‡K gvbyl hvq ‡mB cv‡KB
Lvb| ‡Kv‡bv cv‡KB Lvwj bvB| me cv‡KB Iiv| ‡KD
evivB‡Z cv‡i bvB| G‡Zv¸jvB AvmwQ‡jv Iiv|
cÖkœ : Zvic‡i ?
DËi : ‡fvi nB‡jv| ZLb Iiv evwo evwo XyK‡jv|
A‡a©K¸jv ‡NivI w`qv _vK‡jv Avi evwK¸jvb evwo evwo
XyK‡jv| Xy‡K cyi“l gvbylK WvwK WvwK wbqv ‡M‡Q| Zv‡`i
wbqv GK RvqMvq Rgv Kwi gvwi‡Q| cyi“l gvbylK me wbqv
‡M‡jv| ‡gviv evwoZ ‡Zv kvwb cvw”Q bv| ‡m mg‡q g‡b
K‡ib ‡h, nvgvi wKqvgZ AvBwQ‡jv| wKqvg‡Zi jvKvb| hv
`ytL nB‡Q evev ‡m¸wj eBwj Avi wK nwe| cyi“l gvbylK
aBiv wbqv ‡M‡jv| ‡g‡q ‡Q‡ji Dci wbh©vZb Kwi‡jv|
wbh©vZb K‡i U‡i n¨viv ‡M‡Q| ‡gviv wejZ (wej) bvB‡g
AvwQ, ‡KD mywj¬Z (`yB evwoi gvSLv‡bi AcÖk¯— RvqMv)
mvB‡›` AvwQ, ‡KD cvwbZ bvB‡g AvwQjvg| IZ (ILvb)
_vwK fifwi kã Lvwj ïwb| Avgiv Rvwb bv ‡h gvB‡i
‡djvB‡Q| A‡Zv ‡jvK mevK gvwi ‡djvB‡e ‡Kv‡bv w`bI
fvwe bvB| GKUv ‡jvK AvB‡m ‡gvK Avi KqRbvK Lei
w`‡jv ‡h, MÖv‡gi me ‡jvK‡i IB RvqMvq Lv‡biv gvB‡i
‡djvB‡Q| Zvi Av‡M jyKvBqv GKevi gyB IBnv‡b
‡MwQjvg| hv‡q ‡`wL ‡h Lvwj jvBb Kwi‡Q, gyK ‡`wL Lvbiv
ivB‡dj Zywj‡Q, gyB wdi Avevi ‡`ŠovBwQ|
cÖkœ : ‡`Š‡o ‡Kv_vq ‡MwQ‡jb ?
DËi : MvIZ| G evwoZ _vwK I evwoZ hvw”Q, IwW hvw”Q,
IwWI ‡`wL Lvb| ‡Kv‡bv cv‡KB Avi ‡invB cvB bv| Lvbiv
‡gvKI aiwQ‡jv|
cÖkœ : Avcbv‡`i‡K cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv hLb avIqv KiwQ‡jv
ZLb wK Zviv ¸wj KiwQ‡jv ?
DËi : ‡gvK ¸wj K‡i bvB| Ab¨ `yBRb ‡g‡q gvbylK ¸wj
KiwQ‡jv| IB `yBR‡bi bvg mqbv, Avi Qvjy| Lye AZ¨vPvi
KB‡i‡Q ‡g‡q‡Q‡ji Dc‡i| Lye AZ¨vPvi|
cÖkœ : KLb AZ¨vPvi KiwQ‡jv ?
DËi : MÖvg _vwK cyi“l gvbyl me aB‡i wb‡q ‡M‡jv| GK¸jv
Lvwj cyi“l gvbylK aB‡i wb‡q ‡M‡jv, Av‡iK¸jv Lvwj evwoZ
mvÜvq| GLv‡b ILv‡b mvÜvq| mvÜvqv ‡g‡q‡Q‡jK awi‡Q|
a‡i wbqv ‡niv ‡g‡q‡Q‡ji Dci LyeB AZ¨vPvi Kwi‡Q|
cÖkœ : cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv ‡g‡q‡`i Dci wK LyeB AZ¨vPvi
K‡i‡Q ? Avi wK K‡i‡Q ?
DËi : n| ‡niv LyeB AZ¨vPvi UZ¨vPvi K‡i Pwj ‡M‡Q|
Zvici ‡gviv Avevi GLv‡b ILv‡b jyKv‡q wQby| jyKv‡q
_vK‡ZB fifwi AvIqvR cvBby| A‡bK¶Y ci GK ‡jvK
AvB‡Q| Znb ïbjyg mevB gviv ‡M‡Q| Lei cvBqv ‡gviv
me IBnv‡b ‡MwQ| ‡gviv Kv›`vKvwU KiwQ| wdi ‡Zv Avevi
Lei AvB‡Q, Lvbiv bvwK Avevi AvB‡Z‡Q, wdi ‡gviv ‡`Šo
w`wQ|| nvgvi wKqvgZ ‡M‡Q evev| ‡mBjv `yt‡Li KZv Avi
Gnb ‡Zviv ïB‡b wK KBi‡eb|
cÖkœ : Zvic‡i ?
DËi : Zvic‡i IBw`b evB‡ii AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb AvB‡m mevK
gvwU Pvcv w`‡Q| bvB ¸myj (‡Mvmj), bvB IRy, bvB Kvco|
‡Kv‡bv iK‡g mevK gvwU Pvcv w`‡Q| ‡b‡ci Iqvi, gyïwi
(gkvwi), IB‡j w`‡q gvwU Pvcv ‡`‡Q| ‡Mvi¯—vb wbqv ‡M‡Q
mgq Lvbiv D‡ë wdi Av‡q‡Q| gvwU w`evi ‡jv‡K wdi
Avevi ‡`ŠovB‡Q| GB iKg K‡i ‡Kv‡bviK‡g mevK gvwU
Pvcv w`‡Q|
cÖkœ : cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv ‡m w`b ‡gvU KZRb‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q
?
DËi : g¨vjv, kÕ‡qi Dci ‡M‡Q ‡eva nq| ‡gvi Gnb ‡Lqvj
bvB| ‡KD ‡gvi fvB nq, ‡KD fvwZRv nq, ‡KD PvPv nq,
‡KD Lyov nq| Lvwj ¯^vgx eyB‡j bq| mevB MÖv‡gi AvZ¥xq|
ZnbKvi R‡b¨ wPš—v Kwi| ‡m ‡h wK w`b ‡M‡Q ‡gv‡`i|
cÖkœ : Lvb ‡mbviv ‡jvKRb‡K nZ¨v K‡i ‡Kv_vq ‡M‡jv ?
DËi : P‡j ‡Mj G‡°‡i H ejvnv‡ii w`‡K|
cÖkœ : ejvnvi _vK‡Zv Iiv ?
101
m~wPcÎ |

DËi : n| Iiv cvj ïB‡× `j a‡i ‡M‡jv|

cÖkœ : Zvici Avcwb evwo‡ZB wQ‡jb ?

DËi : evwo‡ZB wQby| Iiv wdi Av‡q‡Q, wdi ‡`Šov‡`Šwo KwiwQ| wdi evwoZ AvBwQ| mevB
G wUÖweDU Uy wK‡kvi cv‡iL
‡h w`‡K hvq gyBI ‡m w`K ‡MwQ| ‡gvi evwoZ ‡Zv ‡jvK bvB| ‡gvi GKUv ‡QvU ev”Pv| mevB nvmvb wecyj
wh w`K hvq gyBI H ‡Q‡jK wbqv wmwU hvB| ‡Q‡j ‡Zv ‡Kej mv‡o wZb eQi e‡qm| GB
‡Q‡jK wbqv Avwg Avi ‡Kv_vq hvevi cvwi bv| Lvb ‡mbviv evwoNi me cyB‡o w`‡Q, fvwO
w`‡Q| wK K‡i w`‡Q! Avnv‡i ! Avgvi evc bvB, gvI bvB, Avgvi fvB bvB, GKUv fvB, ZvKI AvMvgx cÖRb¥‡K gyw³hy‡×i m‡½ cwiPq
gvwi ‡djv‡jv| Avgvi ‡QvUKv‡j evc gviv ‡M‡Q, gvI bvB| ‡gvK ‡h ‡KD DcKvi KBi‡e ‡m NUv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK ‡h cÖvgvY¨ `wjj
‡jvK ‡gvi bvB| Avgiv nv‡Zi Kv‡Q cvB Zv n‡jv
gyw³hy‡×i d‡UvMÖvd| nvRvi Mí e‡jI
cÖkœ : Avcbvi cwiev‡ii KqRb‡K nZ¨v K‡iwQ‡jv Lv‡biv ? ‡h Abyf~wZ Avcwb AvR‡Ki wK‡kv‡ii
g‡b ‰Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv, GKwUgvÎ
DËi : ‡m w`b gvwi‡Q MÖv‡gi me ‡jvK¸jvK| Avgvi ¯^vgxK gvBi‡Q| fvBIK gvwi‡Q| Avi
d‡UvMÖvd Zvi cy‡iv KvRwU K‡i ‡`‡e
mevB ‡Zv AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb|
Abvqv‡m| GKwU k~b¨ iv¯—v, GK weaevi
Ki“Y `…wó ‡h nvnvKvi ‰Zwi Ki‡e, Avi
cÖkœ : Avcbvi fvB‡K KLb gvi‡Q ?
‡Kv‡bv `wjj wK Zv Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L?
DËi : fvB‡KI IB GKB w`‡b gvwi‡Q|
m¤§yL mgi bq, eis mvaviY gvby‡li
cÖkœ : Avcbvi fvB‡qi bvg wK ?
gyw³hy‡× m¤ú…³Zv Ges G‡Z Zv‡`i
DËi : gwdR| GKB w`‡b me gvwi‡Q| Znb bv fv‡qi Z‡b (Rb¨) Kvw›`, bv ¯^vgxi Z‡b
AskMÖnY, Z¨vM I cÖvwßi welqwU ‡h
Kvw›`, bv fvwZRvi Z‡b c¯—vB- GBiKg Aem&nv Avi wK|
d‡UvMÖvdvi K¨v‡givq aviY K‡i Avgv‡`i
Dcnvi w`‡q ‡M‡Qb wZwb wK‡kvi d‡UvMÖvd welqK mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨ Avwg
cÖkœ : Lvbiv Avcbvi fvwZRv‡KI gviwQ‡jv|
cv‡iL| wZwb evsjv‡`wk bb, BbwWqvb| ‡hvMv‡hvM Kwi `…K wcKPvi jvB‡eÖwii
DËi : n, fvwZRvI gviv ‡M‡Q|
‡Kv‡bv A¨vmvBb‡g›U bq, Avw_©K ‡Kv‡bv cwiPvjK W· kwn`yj Avjg-Gi m‡½|
jvf bq, ‡mÖd GKwU hyׇK BwZnv‡mi 2000 mv‡j wZwb Qwe‡gjv 1-Gi Ask
cÖkœ : Avcbvi fvwZRvi bvg wK ?
Ask K‡i ivLvi Rb¨B wK‡kvi P‡j wn‡m‡e 1971 : w` Iqvi DB diMU
DËi : AvBRi wgqv| fvmy‡ii e¨vUv, fvwZRv|
Av‡mb hy× Av vš— G ‡`‡k| wk‡ivbv‡g G cÖ`k©bxi Av‡qvRb K‡ib
cÖkœ : hy‡×i mgq gyw³evwnbx AvmwQ‡jv Gw`‡K ? hv‡Z wQj ‡`wk-we‡`wk A‡bK
`ytLRbK A_P mwZ¨ n‡jv RxweZ _vK‡Z d‡UvMÖvdv‡ii m‡½ wK‡kvi cv‡i‡Li
DËi : gyw³ ? gyw³ ‡Zv c‡i AvBwQ‡jv|
KL‡bvB G d‡UvMÖvdvi‡K Avgiv K…ZÁZv ‡Zvjv ‡ek wKQy Qwe| W. Avjg Avgv‡K
RvbvBwb, ¯§iY Kwiwb wZwb gviv hvIqvi ‡hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q ‡`b wK‡kvi cv‡i‡Li
cÖkœ : AvmwQ‡jv GLv‡b ?
ciI| ZvB g‡b n‡”Q G d‡UvMÖvdvi ‡Q‡j ¯^cb cv‡iL-Gi m‡½| ¯^cb
DËi : n| Lvbiv iv¯—v w`‡q hvq Avi Kq e¨vUviv me gyw³ c‡K‡U ivwL‡Q| GBjv K_v Kq|
m¤ú‡K© Avgvi Kv‡Q ‡h Z_¨ Av‡Q, Zv wb‡RI Avš—R©vwZK L¨vwZm¤úbœ GKRb
gyw³ ‡Zv Znb BwÛqvZ ‡MwQ‡jv| c‡i AvBwQ‡jv| gyw³iv AvB‡m Avi wK KBi‡e| Lvbiv ‡Zv
e¬‡M cÖKvk Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| d‡UvMÖvdvi, Iqvì© ‡cÖm d‡Uv‡Z wePviK
me mvd K‡i w`‡Q| gyw³iv AvB‡m Avi wK KBi‡e ? `ytL cÖKvk KB‡i wK nwe Avi ? Znb
cÖPviwegyL G d‡UvMÖvdv‡ii wel‡q wn‡m‡e wQ‡jb Aš—Z wZb evi, eZ©gv‡b
Avgvi ‡Q‡j wQ‡jv LyeB ‡QvÆ| wdi ZvK K‡Zv Kó `ytL KB‡i gvbyl Kiby, K‡Zv Kó `ytL
B›Uvi‡b‡U ‡Zgb ‡Kv‡bv Z_¨ cvIqv KvR Ki‡Qb e¬¨vK ÷vi d‡Uv G‡Rw݇Z
KB‡i wk¶v w`by| ‡n Gnb eo nB‡Q| PvKwi K‡i| Ii Av‡q gyB ‡Kv‡bv g‡Z msmvi PvjvB|
m¤¢e bq| ZvB Zvi m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ I Ges _v‡Kb gy¤^vB-G|
mv¶vrKvi MÖn‡Yi ZvwiL : b‡f¤^i 05, 1996

102
m~wPcÎ |
7 gv‡P©i HwZnvwmK fvlYwU ‡hfv‡e ‡iwWI‡Z cÖPvi n‡jv...
wec¬e ingvb
1971 Gi gvP© gv‡mi mgqUv wQ‡jv fq¼i| ZviciI ‡mB
fq¼i w`b¸‡jv‡Z cvwK¯—vb ‡iwWIi XvKv ‡K‡›`Öi K‡qKRb
`ytmvnmx Kg©KZ©v Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q e½eÜyi 7 gv‡P©i
HwZnvwmK ‡m fvlY m¤cÖPvi K‡iwQ‡jb| cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK
Rvš—vi i³P¶y D‡c¶v K‡i 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© ‡im‡Kvm©
gq`v‡bi Rbmfvq ‡kL gywRe ‡h fvlY ‡`b Zv m¤cÖPv‡ii
Rb¨ `ytmvnmx ‡mme Kg©KZ©v‡`i Kv‡Q RvwZ wPiK…ZÁ|
AwMœSiv ‡mB fvl‡Yi welqe¯—y ‡cŠu‡Q wM‡qwQ‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZwU cÖv‡š—| G fvl‡Yi ga¨ w`‡qB evOvwji ‡bZv cvwK¯—vb
miKv‡ii mv‡_ hveZxq m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi ‡NvlYv K‡ib| G
fvl‡Yi evOvwji ¯^vwaKv‡ii AvKv•Lv‡K AviI D‡¯‹
w`‡qwQ‡jv| Av¸b awi‡q w`‡qwQ‡jv RbM‡Yi g‡b|
cvwK¯—vb ‡iwWIi kvnevM ‡K‡›`Ö cÖ‡ek KivUvI Kg©KZ©v‡`i
Rb¨ wQj KwVb GK e¨vcvi| m¤cÖPv‡ii e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv
Rvwi K‡iwQj mvgwiK miKvi| Gme mvgwiK wbqš¿Y
cÖZ¨vnv‡ii `vwe‡Z Zvr¶wYK cÖwZev‡` ‡iwWIi Kg©KZ©v-
Kg©Pvixiv GK ag©N‡Ui WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb| ‡h AvU-`kRb
‡eZviKg©x Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q '71 G e½eÜyi 7 gv‡P©i
HwZnvwmK fvlY ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKv ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K cÖPvi
K‡ib, Zv‡`i GKRb AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb| ‡iwWI cvwK¯—
vb ‡Q‡o cieZ©x‡Z wZwb ‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi
‡K‡›`Ö| eQi `y‡qK Av‡M Avwg GB AKy‡Zvfq ‰mwbK
AvkdvKyi ingv‡bi mÜvb cvB AvgviB Av‡iK mnKg©x
bRi“j Bmjv‡gi gva¨‡g| wZwbI GKmgq evsjv‡`k ‡eZv‡i
KvR Kivi mgq GB e¨w³Z¡ m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb| avbg-
wÛi evmvq AvjvcKv‡j GB gyw³‡hv×v evi“`Siv ‡mB
w`b¸‡jvi ¯§…wZPviY K‡ib| Zvi K‡_vcK_b ‡_‡K ‡m mgq
Avwg wewWwbDR ‡Uv‡qw›U‡dvi WUKg Gi Rb¨ ‰Zwi Kwi
GKwU we‡kl cÖwZ‡e`b|
‡m mgq AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb e‡jb, 'ZLb Avgvi eqm gvÎ
28| ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKv ‡K‡›`Ö Abyôvb msMVK wn‡m‡e
m`¨ ‡hvM w`‡qwQ| gv‡P©i ïi“‡ZB cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡mbvm`m¨iv
mk¯¿ Ae¯’vb ‡bq kvnev‡Mi IB ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö| ‡Kvb
Abyôvb hv‡e Avi ‡KvbwU hv‡e bv, mvgwiK ‡Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi
‡gRi wmwÏK mv‡jK GwU wbqwgZ Z`viwK Ki‡Zb| GiB
g‡a¨ Avgiv Av‡›`vjb-msMÖv‡gi Lei, ‡k¬vMvb, MYm½xZ,
‡`kvZ¥‡evaK Mvb, bvUK - BZ¨vw` Abyôvb cÖPvi KiZvg|'
'Avgv‡`i ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡Zb ‡iwWIi AvÂwjK cwiPvjK
AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb ÑQwe : wewWwbDR ‡Uv‡qw›U‡dvi WUKg
AvkdvKy¾vgvb Lvb| wZwbB ‡Mvc‡b Avgv‡`i Rvbvb, Avgiv
‡mbv wb‡lavÁv D‡c¶v K‡i ‡iwWI‡Z mivmwi e½eÜyi fvlY
cÖPvi Ki‡ev| ‡m-wK D‡ËRbv Avgv‡`i g‡a¨! 6 gvP© iv‡ZB
‡iwWIi cÖ‡KŠkjxiv igbv ‡im‡Kvm© gv‡V ‡h g ‡_‡K
e½eÜy fvlY ‡`‡eb, ‡mLv‡b ‡Uwj‡dv‡bi Zvi I Ab¨vb¨
hš¿cvwZ emvq|'
AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb e‡jb, '7 gvP© ‡ejv 2Uvq e½eÜyi
fvlY ‡`Iqvi K_v| ‡ejv 12Uv ‡_‡K Avgiv ‡iwWI‡Z
wKQy¶Y ci ci ‡NvlYv w`‡Z _vwK, e½eÜyi fvlY mivmwi
cÖPvi Kiv K_v| e½eÜy GKUy ‡`wi‡Z ‡ejv 2Uv 20 wgwb‡Ui
w`‡K g‡Â Av‡mb|
Gw`‡K GKB mgq ‡iwWI Awd‡m ‡gRi wmwÏK mv‡jK
‡Uwj‡dv‡b ‡g‡mR cvVvb: bvw_s Ae ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
DBj ‡Mv Ab `¨ Gqvi AvbwUj dvi`vi AW©vi|...
GB ‡g‡mR cvIqvi m‡½ m‡½ Avgiv cÖwZev` wn‡m‡e
‡iwWIi mg¯— KvRKg© eÜ K‡i w`‡q Awdm ‡Q‡o ‡im‡Kvm©
gq`v‡b e½eÜyi fvlY ïb‡Z P‡j hvB| IB w`b Avgiv
‡iwWIi Abyôvb eqKU Kwi| mvfv‡i GKwU weKí kw³kvjx
UÖvÝwgUvi wQ‡jv| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡h‡bv Avevi Abyôvb cÖPvi
Kiv bv nq, ‡m Rb¨ ‡mLv‡b UÖvsKj K‡i Lei ‡`Iqv nq
mKj ‡iwWI Kg©x‡K AvZœ‡Mvcb Kivi Rb¨| IBw`b
‡iwWI‡Z Avi ‡Kv‡bv Abyôvb cÖPvi Kiv nqwb|'
wZwb ¯§…wZ nvZ‡o e‡j P‡jb, 'IB mܨvq Avgiv Gwjd¨v›U
‡iv‡Wi GK evmvq ‡Mvcb ‰eV‡K ewm| iv‡Z Avgv‡`i ‡bZv
AvÂwjK cwiPvjK AvkdvKy¾vgvb Lei wb‡q Av‡mb,
‡mbvevwnbx ivwR n‡q‡Q ‡iwWI‡Z e½eÜyi fvlY cÖPvi
Ki‡Z| Z‡e kZ© n‡”Q, mevB‡K Kv‡R wd‡i ‡h‡Z n‡e|
ciw`b 8 gvP© mKvj 7Uvq Avgiv Avevi Kv‡R ‡hvM ‡`B|
‡iwWI‡Z cÖPvi Kiv nq ‡iKW© Kiv e½eÜyi ‡mB HwZnvwmK
fvlY Ô...Gev‡ii msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg,
¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg...Õ
103
m~wPcÎ |
mvZB gv‡P©i fvlY cÖPv‡ii †bc‡_¨ : GK kã‰mwb‡Ki ¯§„wZPviY
dwi`
7B gv‡P©i ‡mB HwZnvwmK fvlY wKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nj, Zvi
‡cQ‡bI wQj wKQy msMÖvgx gvby‡li AmvaviY exiZ¡| GgbB
GK exi gyw³‡hv×v bv‡mi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix| eZ©gv‡b gvwK©b
hy³ivóª cÖevmx GB wbf…Z kã‰mwbK PvBwQ‡jb Zvi ¯§„wZK_v
Rv`yRv‡ji cvZvq msiw¶Z _vKyK|
‡mB ARvbv NUbv cÖ_gev‡ii gZ AbjvB‡b| cÖK…ZB Zuvi
¯§„wZPviYvwU Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki wjwfs wnw÷Öi
Ask nIqv DwPZ| ïbyb Zuvi Revwb‡ZBÑ
Avgvi GK Nwbô eÜy memgq VvÆv”Q‡j e‡j _v‡K Ô‡`v¯—
‡Zvi Rb¨ Avgiv ¯^vaxbZv ‡c‡qwQ| ZyB hw` ‡mw`b RvwZi
wcZv e½eÜy ‡kL gwReyi ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlb ‡iKW©
K‡i cÖPvi bv KiwZm, Z‡e ‡`‡ki ‡jvK e½eÜyi ¯^vaxbZvi
WvK ïb‡ZB ‡c‡Zv bv, hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZI n‡Zv bv|Ô Z‡e
Avwg ewj wVK Zv bv, evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv bq gv‡mi
gyw³‡hv×v gyw³ msMÖvgx gvby‡li Z¨v‡Mi Rb¨B G‡m‡Q|
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i c~e© ‡_‡KB cU cwieZ©‡bi cÖ¯—ywZ PjwQ‡jv|
Ges G‡¶‡Î RbgZ ‰Zwi‡Z ZrKvjxb ‡iwWI ïi“ ‡_‡KB
¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i AvmwQ‡jv|
Avwg ZLb ‡iwWI cvwK¯—v‡bi XvKvi Abyôvb msMV‡Ki c‡`
Kg©iZ| Avgvi `vwqZ¡ wQj ‡iwWIi evB‡ii mKj Abyôvb
‡iKW© K‡i cÖPv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv| Avgvi m‡½ Abyôvb cÖ‡hvRK
wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Zv gxi ivqnvb|
B‡jKkv‡b ‡RZvi ci ‡kL gwReyi ingv‡bi cvwK¯—v‡bi
cÖavbgš¿x nIqvi K_v, wKš‘ mevB eyS‡Z cviwQj cwðg
cvwK¯—vbxiv wKQy‡ZB ‡mUv n‡Z ‡`‡e bv| ‡mUv AvuP Ki‡Z
‡c‡iwQ‡jb e½eÜy Ges QvÎ ‡bZviv| ZLb ‡_‡KB Amn‡hvM
Av‡›`vj‡bi f~wgKv ‰Zix n‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv| ‡iwWI wcwQ‡q
_vK‡jv bv| Avgiv ewjô c`‡¶c wnmv‡e Ô‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb
XvKvÕ-i bvg cwieZ©b K‡i ÔXvKv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ ivLjvg, Ges
GB bv‡g cÖPvi ïi“ K‡i w`jvg| ‡m mgq GZeo c`‡¶c
‡bqv ‡h KZ mvn‡mi KvR wQ‡jv, GLb Zv eyS‡Z cvwi| RvqMvI wQj bv| Avgiv ‡ek Av‡MB g‡Â D‡V gvB‡Kªv‡dvb
‡iwWIi Abyôvb, evZ©v, Ges cÖ‡KŠkj wefv‡Mi Kg©KZ©v I ‡mU K‡i ‡djjvg| Avwg Avgvi m‡½ wbjvg ‡cv‡U©ej
Kg©Pvix, GK K_vq mgMÖ ‡iwWIi Kg©KZ©v Kg©Pvixi BGgAvB ‡Uc‡iKW©vi| wba©vwiZ mg‡qi A‡bK c‡i e½eÜy
mn‡hvwMZv Qvov hv wKQy‡ZB Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv| gv‡V G‡jb| ‡mB mgq AvKv‡k ‡c¬b ‡`Lv ‡Mj| ‡mB ‡c¬‡b
GB mvnwmKZv Kivi wcQ‡b we‡klfv‡e hvu‡`i bvg Ki‡Z ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi Avmvi K_v, mviv gv‡V D‡ËRbv
nq, Zviv n‡jbÑ weivR KiwQ‡jv| e½eÜy g‡Â D‡V fvlY ïi“ Ki‡Z hv‡eb|
Rbve Avkivdy¾vgvb Lvb - cwiPvjK Ggb mgq ‡iwWIi wWDwU i“g ‡_‡K B›UviK‡gi gva¨‡g
Rbve Avngv`y¾vgvb - mnKvix cwiPvjK evnivg wmwÏKx g‡Â Avgv‡`i‡K Rvbv‡jv ‡h GB gvÎ ‡gRi
Rbve geRyjyj ‡nv‡mb - mnKvix cwiPvjK wmwÏK mv‡jK
Rbve gwdRyj nK - mnKvix cwiPvjK Rvwb‡q‡Qb, ‡Kvbg‡ZB
Rbve mvBdyj evwi - evZ©v cwiPvjK ‡kL gywRey‡ii fvlY
Rbve RvjvjDÏxb i“gx - Abyôvb msMVK ‡iKW© Kiv hv‡e bv,
Rbve AvkdvKyi ingvb - Abyôvb msMVK cÖPvi Ki‡j ‡iwWI
Rbve Zv‡ni myjZvb - Abyôvb msMVK Dwo‡q ‡`qv n‡e| m‡½
Rbve kvgmyj Avjg - Abyôvb msMVK m‡½ mivmwi cÖPvi eÜ
Rbve KvRx iwdK - Abyôvb msMVK K‡i ‡`qv n‡jv| e½eÜy
Rbve evnivgDÏxb wmwÏKx - Abyôvb msMVK Zvi HwZnvwmK e³…Zv
Rbve gxi ivqnvb - Abyôvb cÖ‡hvRK ïi“ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb, Avwg
Rbve d‡qR Avng` ‡PŠa~ix - mnKvix evZ©v cwiPvjK Avgvi mv‡_ ‡QvÆ ‡Uc
‡iKW©v‡i ‡iKwW©s ïi“
Gevi Avwm 1971 mv‡ji HwZnvwmK 7B gv‡P©i fvlb cÖm‡½| K‡i w`jvg| mnKvix
cÖPvi Kiv n‡jv e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY mivmwi XvKv ‡eZvi cwiPvjK Avngv`y¾vgvb
‡K›`Ö cÖPvi Ki‡e ZrKvjxb ‡im‡Kvm© gq`vb ‡_‡K| me GKwU ‡QvÆ wPiK‚‡U
e¨e¯’v ‡bqv n‡jv| cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb Lvb me ‡iwWIi ÔAvwg© fvlY cÖPvi Ki‡Z
Kg©Pvix‡`i `vwqZ¡ eywS‡q w`‡jb| ‡im‡Kvm© gv‡V g‡Âi w`‡”Q bvÕ wj‡L g‡Â
Dc‡i cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb, mnKvix cwiPvjK Dcweó cwiPvjK
Avngv`y¾vgvb Ges Avwg bvmvi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix _vK‡ev| Avkivdy¾vgv‡bi nv‡Z GKvˇii ‡mB mvnmx ‰mwbK
cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM ‡_‡K Rbve mvgv` mv‡n‡ei bvg g‡b c‡o| w`‡jb| Avkivdy¾vgvb bv‡mi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix
g‡Âi wb‡P Rbve kvgmyj Avjg, KvRx iwdK, ‡iwWIi wWDwU mv‡ne ‡mUv Uv½vB‡ji Ggwci (Avgvi GLb bvg g‡b co‡Q
i“‡g evnivgDwÏb wmwÏKx, mvfvi cÖPvi ‡K‡›`Ö cÖ‡KŠkj bv) nv‡Z w`‡jb| ZLb e³„Zv A‡bKLvwb cÖPvi n‡q ‡M‡Q|
wefv‡Mi Kg©Pvixi m‡½ gxi ivqnvb| mKvj ‡_‡KB Nb Nb wZwb e½eÜyi nv‡Z wPiK‚UwU ‡cŠ‡Q w`‡jb|
cÖPvi Kiv nw”Qj e½eÜyi fvlY mivmwi ‡im‡Kvm© gvV ‡_‡K
cÖPvi Kiv n‡e| ‡im‡Kvm© gvV ‡jv‡K ‡jvKviY¨, wZj avi‡Yi Avcbviv hviv e³„Zv ï‡b‡Qb, Zv‡`i g‡b _vKvi K_v e³„Zvi
104
m~wPcÎ |
GK ch©v‡q e½eÜy e‡jwQ‡jb Ô...GB gvÎ Lei ‡cjvg Zviv
Avgvi e³„Zv cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡”Q bv| ‡iwWI ‡Uwjwfk‡bi
Kg©Pvixiv Avcbviv Kv‡R hv‡eb bv hZ¶Y bv Avgvi fvlY
cÖPvi Ki‡Z ‡`q| Awdm Av`vjZ me eÜ K‡i ‡`qv n‡jv|
...Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Õ mviv gv‡V D‡ËRbv
Qwo‡q co‡jv| Avwg `y‡Uv ‡U‡c mgMÖ fvlY ‡iKW© K‡i
wbjvg| fvlY ‡k‡l ‡Uc `y‡Uv mveav‡b Avgvi kv‡U©i wfZ‡i
jywK‡q ‡djjvg Ges `ª“Z g ‡_‡K ‡Uc‡iKW©vi, ÷¨vÛ wb‡q
wb‡P ‡b‡g cojvg| ZLb ‡jvK ‡h ‡hw`‡K cvi‡Q Qy‡U
hv‡”Q| wb‡P Avjg, KvRx iwd‡Ki m‡½ ‡`Lv n‡jv|
cwiPvjK mv‡ne‡K Avwg ‡Mvc‡b ‡iKW© K‡iwQ Rvbvjvg|
wZwb Avgvi cÖksmv Ki‡jb Ges gv‡V hyM¥ mwPe mv‡ne‡K
Rvbv‡jb Ges cÖkœ ivL‡jb GLb Avgiv Kx Ki‡ev| hyM¥mwPe
Rni“j nK mv‡ne Rvbv‡jb, Avcbviv mevB cvwj‡q hvb|
‡KD wb‡Ri evmvq hv‡eb bv| ‡iwWI eÜ K‡i w`b, ‡KD
wR‡Ám Ki‡j Avgvi K_v ej‡eb|
nvwZicy‡j KvRx iwd‡Ki evmvq Avgiv mevB wM‡q DVjvg|
Ges ‡mLvb ‡_‡K wWDwU i“‡g, mvfvi UÖvÝwgUv‡i Rvbv‡bv
n‡jv me cÖPvi eÜ K‡i cvwj‡q hvI| wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨B mviv
‡`‡ki ‡iwWI cÖPvi eÜ n‡q ‡Mj|
‡iwWI cÖPvi eÜ n‡j ‡`‡ki ‡h Kx Ae¯’v nq, eyS‡Z cvi-
jvg| Avgv‡`i ‡P‡q ‡ewk eyS‡Z cvi‡jv cwðg cvwK¯—vwbiv|
c~e© Ges cwð‡gi GKgvÎ wjsK wQj ‡iwWI| Zviv Aw¯’i n‡q
DV‡jv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Kx NU‡Q Zv Rvbvi R‡b¨| mviv ivZ
Avgiv KvRx iwd‡Ki evmvq KvUvjvg| BwZg‡a¨ Avwg©
Avgv‡`i cwiPvjK mv‡ne‡K Lyu‡R ‡cj Ges Zvi Kv‡Q
cy‡ivcywi mv‡iÛvi Ki‡jv| GB wQj cvwK¯—vb Avwg©i cÖ_g
AvZ¥mgc©Y| Zviv Avkivdy¾vgvb‡K Rvbv‡jv, ÔAvcbviv hv
Pvb, ‡hfv‡e Pvb cy‡iv fvlY cÖPvi Ki“b, wKš‘ ‡Lv`vi Iqv‡¯—
‡iwWI cÖPvi Pvjy Ki“b| cwðg cvwK¯—vb miKvi mevB Aw¯’i
n‡q ‡M‡Q|Õ
Avkivdy¾vgvb mv‡ne G‡m Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb, ÔAvgv‡`i Rq
n‡q‡Q| Avwg© cy‡ivcywi Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q mv‡iÛvi K‡i‡Q| Avwg
Zv‡`i e‡j w`‡qwQ Kvj mKv‡ji Av‡M ‡iwWI Pvjy n‡e bv,
Ges e½eÜyi fvlb cy‡ivcywi cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Zviv
ivwR n‡q‡Q|Õ AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb c~e© ‡NvlYv wj‡L
‡dj‡jb| cÖ‡KŠkjx mevB‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`qv n‡jv mKv‡j
‡iwWI ‡Lvjv n‡e| mKvj ‡_‡K Nb Nb ‡NvlYvi c‡i Avgvi
‡iKW© Kiv ‡mB ‡Uc `y‡Uv evRv‡bv n‡jv| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi me
A‡ji ‡jvK ‡mB fvlY ï‡b eyS‡Z cvi‡jv ¯^vaxbZvi WvK
‡`qv n‡q‡Q| Zviv mevB ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv|
Gi ci e½eÜyi BwÄwbqvwis n‡ji fvlY, 23‡k gvP© e½eÜyi
32 bs evmvq ‡`qv fvlYÑ me ‡iKW© K‡i cÖPvi Kiv n‡jv|
Zvici G‡jv ‡mB wefxwlKvgq 25‡k gv‡P©i ivZ|
Gi c~‡e© ‡kivUb ‡nv‡U‡j ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb, f~‡Æv Ges
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi g‡a¨ `iKlvKwl ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Avm‡j
Zviv mgq wbw”Qj, wmwfwjqvb ‡WÖ‡m cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K
‡c¬‡b Avwg© Avbvi| GgbI K_v †kvbv ‡Mj fy‡Æv PvB‡Qb ‡kL
gywRe n‡eb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Ges fy‡Æv n‡eb cwðg cvwK¯—
v‡bi cÖavbgš¿x| Ggb Aev¯—e cÖ¯—v‡e ‡kL gywRe ivRx n‡jb
bv| ‡Kvb gxgvsmv QvovB Bqvwnqv I fy‡Æv ivZ 8Uv-9Uvi
w`‡K wd‡i ‡M‡jb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b|
ivZ 12Uvi ci ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg iv¯—v w`‡q G‡Ki ci GK
Avwg©i U¨v¼ ‡iwWI Awdm Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvqMvq GwM‡q
hv‡”Q| ‡KD wKQy Rvbvi Av‡MB ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q ‡Mj|
Zviv hv‡K ‡hLv‡b ‡cj ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡jv| mKv‡j
Rvbv ‡Mj B‡ËdvK Awdm, ivRvievM cywjk jvBb, we wW Avi
wcjLvbv me RvqMvq ‡Mvjv¸wj Pj‡Q|
mKvj 9Uvi w`‡K Avwg© KgvÛ ‡_‡K ‡iwWIi Kg©Pvix‡`i
‡iwWI‡Z nvwRi nIqvi wb‡`©k ‡`qv n‡jv| e½eÜyi ‡Kvb
Lei cvIqv ‡Mj bv, ‡eu‡P Av‡Qb bv ‡bB ‡KD wKQy Rv‡b bv|
‡iwWI‡Z Avgiv KvR ïi“ Kijvg| 9 gv‡mi gyw³hy× ïi“
n‡q ‡Mj| XvKv ‡iwWI ‡_‡K Zv‡ni myjZvb, AvkdvKyi
ingvb, Avkivdyj Avjg, AviI A‡b‡K ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi
‡K‡›`Ö ‡hvM ‡`qvi Rb¨ mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i P‡j ‡Mj|
Avgiv ‡iwWI‡Z ‡_‡K mn‡hvwMZv ‡`qvi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ njvg|
Avgvi mnKg©x RvjvjDwÏb i“wg gyw³hy‡× mivmwi AskMÖn‡Yi
Rb¨ ‡iwWI ‡Q‡o w`j|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi‡K‡›`Ö cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ Avwg Ges d‡qR
‡PŠayix MYm½xZ Ges ‡`kvZ¥‡evaK Mv‡bi ‡Uc wb‡q ev‡m
K‡i Avwg©i ‡PvL‡K dvuwK w`‡q bvivqYM‡Ä RvjvjDwχbi
Kv‡Q w`‡q AvmZvg| iv¯—vq KZevi Avwg© Avgv‡`i mvP©
Ki‡Zv Zvi wnmve wQj bv| ‡h‡nZy Avwg ewntcÖPvi wefv‡M
Kg©iZ wQjvg, Zv‡`i‡K ejZvg ÔbvivqbMÄ Av`gRx RyU
wg‡j KvRUvR wVKg‡Zv Pj‡Q, ‡`‡k ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR
Ki‡Q G¸‡jv ‡iKW© Ki‡Z hvw”Q|Õ Zviv eyS‡Z
cvi‡Zv bv| ‡Q‡o w`Z|
‡iwWIi cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb‡K mwi‡q w`‡q Zvi RvqMvq
‰mq` wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne‡K Avbv n‡jv| wRj¬yi ingvb
mv‡ne Avgv‡K Lye ‡mœn Ki‡Zb| GKw`b Zvi K‡¶ Avgvi
WvK co‡jv| ‡mLv‡b wM‡q ‡`wL GKRb Avwg© Awdmvi e‡m
Av‡Qb| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb, ÔBwb
K‡Y©j Kv‡kg, ‡Zvgvi wei“‡× Bbvi wKQy Awf‡hvM Av‡Q|
Zywg gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m‡½ wg‡k ‡`k‡`ÖvwnZvi KvR Ki‡Qv|Õ
Avwg my‡eva evj‡Ki g‡Zv A¯^xKvi Kijvg| K‡Y©j Kv‡kg
ZLb mivmwi Avgv‡K cÖkœ ïi“ Ki‡jb| ÔZywg AvIqvgx wjM
Ki| 7B gv‡P©i fvlY Zywg ‡iKW© K‡iwQ‡j, Ges Zywg g‡Â
‡kL gywRe‡K Zvi fvlY cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡”Q bv wj‡L
Rvwb‡qwQ‡j| ÔAvwg ejjvg, bv, Avwg wjwLIwb KvD‡K
RvbvBIwb|Õ ZLb wRj¬yi ingvb Avgv‡K evuPv‡bvi R‡b¨
ej‡jb, ÔHe is a pity officer, whatever he does he
does with the permission of his director.Õ ZLb K‡Y©j
Kv‡kg Zvi weÖd‡Km ‡Lvjvi fvb K‡i Avgv‡K ej‡jb,
ÔAvgvi Kv‡Q ‡Zvgvi Qwe Av‡Q, g‡Â Zywg ‡kL gywRe‡K
wPiKyU w`‡”Qv|Õ ‡h‡nZy Avwg ‡`B bvB, ZvB mvn‡mi m‡½
ejjvg, Ôbv Avwg ‡`B bvB|Õ ZLb K‡Y©j Avi weÖd‡Km
Lyj‡jb bv| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne ej‡jb, Ô‡m Govt Awdmvi,
‡m ‡Kvb cvwU© K‡i bv, Avwg Zv‡K Lye fvjfv‡e Rvwb|Õ
wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡n‡ei K_vq K‡Y©j wKQyUv Av¯^¯— n‡jv|
ej‡jv ÔwVK Av‡Q, Zywg hv hv K‡i‡Qv Ges hv hv Rv‡bv,
GKUv KvM‡R wj‡L Avgvi Kv‡Q wb‡q G‡mv|Õ Avwg Avmj
K_v ‡Mvcb K‡i wg‡_¨ hv hv cvijvg wj‡L w`jvg| K‡Y©j
P‡j ‡M‡jb| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne Avgvi gvgvi we‡kl eÜy
wQ‡jb| gvgv Rbve Avwj nvmvb wmGmwc, ZLb cvwK¯—v‡bi
communication secretary wQ‡jb| `yÕR‡b wg‡j ‡mBw`bB
Avgv‡K PÆMÖvg ‡iwWI‡Z e`wj K‡i w`‡jb, Ges Avgv‡K
ej‡jb, Ô‡Zvgvi bvg Avwg©i wj‡÷ Av‡Q| ‡h ‡Kvb gyû‡Z©
‡Zvgv‡K evmv ‡_‡K Zy‡j wb‡q hv‡e Ges bu‡Li wfZ‡i myuB
dywU‡q K_v ‡ei K‡i ‡b‡e| ZvB AvRB Zywg wPUvMvs P‡j
hvI, Avgiv Gw`K mvg‡j ‡be|Õ
PÆMÖvg ‡iwWI‡Z wM‡q R‡qb Kijvg, wKš‘ ‡mLv‡b Avgv‡K
‡Kvb `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv n‡jv bv| IGmwW K‡i ivLv n‡jv| nq‡Zv
105
m~wPcÎ |
XvKv ‡iwWI ‡_‡K AvMvg Rvwb‡q ‡`qv n‡qwQj, ZvB mevB
Avgv‡K GKUy Gwo‡q Pj‡Q eyS‡Z cvijvg| ‡Kvb Dcvq bv
‡`‡L XvKvi evZ©v wefv‡Mi d‡qR ‡PŠayix‡K ‡dvb Kijvg,
ÔMother serious come sharp wj‡L GKUv ‡UwjMÖvg
cvwV‡q ‡`| Avgvi GLv‡b fvj jvM‡Q bv, Avwg XvKvq P‡j
Avwm|Õ `yw`‡bi g‡a¨B ‡UwjMÖvg ‡c‡q ‡Mjvg| ‡mUv wQj
71 mv‡ji AMv÷ gvm| eû K‡ó ‡UwjMÖvg ‡`wL‡q
mvZw`‡bi QywU wb‡q XvKvq P‡j Gjvg| G‡m ‡`wL ‡iwWIi
‡M‡U Rvwb‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡K ‡hb XyK‡Z ‡`qv bv nq|
Avwg ‡iwWIi mvg‡b kvnevM ‡nv‡Uj, eZ©gvb wcwR
nvmcvZv‡ji mvg‡b `vuwo‡q _vKZvg| Avjg, iwdK,
d‡qR mevB G‡m Avgvi m‡½ ‡`Lv Ki‡Zv| Zviv ‡Uc
w`‡j Avwg h_vixwZ bvivqYM‡Ä Rvjv‡ji Kv‡Q wb‡q
‡hZvg| ‡mB ‡h PÆMÖvg ‡_‡K G‡mwQjvg, Avi wd‡i
hvBwb| Avgvi ¯‹yj Rxe‡bi eÜy wmivRDÏxb fyBTv
gyw³hy‡×i mwKªq Kg©x wQj| ‡m KLb ‡Kv_vq ‡evgv dvUv‡Zv
Avgvi m‡½ Avjvc Ki‡Zv| ‡hgb ÔAvR ‡kivUb ‡nv‡U‡j,
Kvj AvwRgcyi Mvj©m ¯‹y‡j ‡evgv dvUv‡ev|Õ GBfv‡e
gyw³‡hv×viv Aw¯’i K‡i Zy‡jwQj mgMÖ ‡`‡ki e¨e¯’vcbv|
GKUv gRvi NUbv nVvr g‡b co‡Q| ZLbI Avwg ‡iwWIi
XvKv Awd‡m `vwqZ¡iZ| gyw³‡hv×viv ‡evgv ‡g‡i XvKv
wegvb e›`‡ii ivbI‡q bó K‡i w`‡q‡Q, me wegvb PjvPj
cÖvq eÜ n‡q wM‡qwQj| nVvr GKwU wegvb wiwjd mvgMÖx
wb‡q ‡Kvbg‡Z GKUv ivbI‡q‡Z ‡b‡g‡Q| m‡½ m‡½
miKv‡ii Zid ‡_‡K Rvbv‡bv n‡jv mg¯— cÖPvi wgwWqv GUv
m‡MŠi‡e cÖPvi Ki‡e ‡h, Gqvi‡cv‡U© wKQyB nqwb| meB
wVKg‡Zv Pj‡Q|
Avwg©i K¨v‡Þb me Le‡ii KvM‡Ri mvsevw`K‡`i Ges
‡iwWI ‡_‡K Avgv‡K wb‡q XvKv wegvbe›`‡i nvwRi n‡jb|
Avgv‡`i‡K `~i ‡_‡K Gqvi‡c¬b ‡`wL‡q ej‡jb ÔAvcbviv
hvb Ges cÖwZ‡e`b ‰Zwi Ki“b| mviv c…w_ex‡K Rvwb‡q
w`b ‡`‡ki Ae¯’v fvj, Gqvi‡cv‡U©i Ae¯’v wVKB Av‡Q|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi‡K‡›`Öi propaganda me wg_¨v|Õ
Rbve GweGg gymv mevi Av‡M, wc‡Q wc‡Q Avgiv ‡c¬‡bi
w`‡K hvw”Q| nVvr cwðg cvwK¯—vwb GK Avwg©i wmwKDwiwU
MvW© Avgv‡`i c_ ‡iva K‡i `vuov‡jv| wR‡Ám Ki‡jv,
ÔwKavi hvZv n¨vq?Õ gymv mv‡ne ej‡jb, ÔI ‡c¬b ‡K cvm
hvZv n¨vq| DmKv cvBjU ‡K mv_ evZwPZ Kv‡iMv, wbDR
‡ccvi ‡g Qv‡c‡½|Õ ÔwbDR ‡ccvi, I wKqv ‡nvZv n¨vq?Õ
wR‡Ám Ki‡jv Avgv‡`i|
fvejvg fvj ‡jv‡Ki cvj¬vq cov ‡M‡Q| gymv mv‡ne Zv‡K
eySvevi Rb¨ ej‡jb, ÔI ‡hv RsM Lvei Kv KvMR (hv
cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv), Dm Zvinv BunvKv
KvMR ‡g Qv‡cMv|Õ ‡m Ab¨ ‡Kvb K_vB eyS‡jv bv, ïay
RsM K_vUv a‡i ej‡jv, ÔBnv ‡KvB RsM-Iqs ‡bwn Pv‡jMv,
fv‡Mv|Õ Avwg fvejvg Avgv‡K nq‡Zv ‡h‡Z ‡`‡e| Avwg
‡iwWI cvwK¯—v‡bi Kg©Pvix, nv‡Z ‡Uc‡iKW©vi| Zvi Kv‡Q
wM‡q ejjvg, Ônvg ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb ‡m Avqv n¨vq|Õ Avgvi
w`‡K ZvwK‡q ej‡jv ÔI ‡Kvb mv cvwK¯—vb n¨vq? Bnv GK
cvwK¯—vb n¨vq, `ymiv ‡KvB cvwK¯—vb ‡bwn - hvI fv‡Mv|Õ
Avgiv mevB wd‡i Gjvg, wKQy‡ZB ‡h‡Z w`j bv| gymv
mv‡ne ej‡jb, Avwg Gi cÖwZev` Ki‡ev| c‡ii w`b
Le‡ii KvM‡R wVKB wegvb AeZi‡Yi K_v Qvcv n‡jv,
wKš‘ cÖwZ‡e`b bv Ki‡Z ‡`qvi cÖwZev` mn|
evOvwj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq 1971 Gi 3iv wW‡m¤^i
fviZ cvwK¯—v‡bi wei“‡× hy× ‡NvlYv Ki‡jv| Avgiv
Avgv‡`i avbgwÛi evmvi Qv‡` D‡V AvKv‡k fviZxq wgM
Avi cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡mevi ‡R‡Ui g‡a¨ mvgbvmvgwb hy×
‡`LZvg| wg‡Mi MwZi m‡½ wKQy‡ZB ‡mevi ‡RU ‡c‡i
DV‡Zv bv| ‡mevi ‡RU¸‡jv G‡Ki ci GK ¸wj ‡L‡q
‡avuqvi KyÛjx cvwK‡q wb‡P c‡o ‡hZ| A‡bK evwoi Qv‡`i
Dci ‡_‡KB ‡mevi ‡R‡Ui cÖwZ j¶¨ K‡i ¸wj ‡Qvuov
n‡Zv|
7B gvP© ‡hB ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b e½eÜy ¯^vaxbZvi WvK
w`‡qwQ‡jb, ‡mB GKB gq`v‡b 16B wW‡m¤^i cvwK¯—vbx
evwnbx Zv‡`i cv‡ci cÖvqwðË Ki‡jv mw¤§wjZ evwnbxi
nv‡Z AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| ‡h AZ¨vPvi AwePvi Zviv K‡iwQj,
me wKQyi mgvwß Uvbv n‡jv| Rb¥ wbj ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg
evsjv‡`k|
e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi ‡mB Ag~j¨ ‡Uc `y‡Uv hy×
PjvKvjxb bq gvm ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö n‡Z wbqwgZ
cÖPvi Kiv n‡qwQj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AbycÖvwYZ Kivi Rb¨|
6 ‡g 2008
`yB KÉex‡ii Mí
Awg ingvb wcqvj
gv'i gy‡L ï‡bwQ, 'Kx eje, ïay g‡b c‡o gy» n‡q
ïbZvg Zvi K_v, AvZ¥¯’ KiZvg cÖwZwU jvBb|' GK
week K‡i ivLv KÉ! '71 mv‡j gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡q
hvIqvi ci AvKvkevYxi msev` cwiKªgvi UÖvÝwgk‡bi
mgqUv ixwZg‡Zv ‡VvU¯’ wQj gyw³Kvgx cÖwZwU
evOvjxi| '... cowQ e‡›`vcva¨vq'|
KÚ ïbyb Bwmœc‡m
DrmyK n‡q ï‡b ‡hZ mevB, Zvi ‡ik i‡q ‡hZ
A‡bK¶Y| wdmwdm Av‡jvPbv| KvuUv‡Qov| 'bvn&,
‡`e`yjvj hLb e‡j‡Qb ZLb wVKB e‡j‡Qb' RvZxq
wbf©iZv|
GgbB Av‡iKRb Gg.Avi.AvLZvi gyKyj| hy×Kv‡j
Gqv‡i Avmv gv‡bB cÖv‡Yi SuywK wb‡q ‡iwWIq cÖvq Kvb
wg‡k ‡djv|
m~Pbv m½xZ ïbyb Bwmœc‡m
gyKyj fvB co‡Zb `vi“Y GK ig¨Kw_Kv| ‡m bv ïb‡j
‡evSv hv‡e bv|
Kw_Kv ïbyb Bwmœc‡m
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Kv‡Q, ¯^vaxbZvKvgx gvby‡li Kv‡Q `vi“Y
GK DÏxcbv wQj GB PigcÎ| Zvi fvlvq, 'GB
Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g Avwg cÖwZw`b M‡íi Q‡j `yiƒn
ivRbxwZ I iYbxwZi e¨vL¨v Kiv QvovI iYv½‡bi
LeivLei AZ¨š— wbôvi m‡½ cwi‡ekb K‡iwQ|...
j¶Yxq ‡h PigcÎ Abyôv‡b Avwg ‡gvUvgywUfv‡e
XvKvBqv Z_v ev½vj fvlv e¨envi Ki‡jI
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m‡½ GKvZ¥Zv m…wói j‡¶¨ Avwg
h‡_”Qfv‡e wewfbœ ‡Rjvi AvÂwjK fvlv e¨envi
K‡iwQ|'
106
m~wPcÎ |
hy× ‡kl Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb AvRg Lvb!
wec¬e ingvb
Avgvi bKkvjvBU eofvB gvbe 70 `k‡K hLb j¤^v Pyj ‡i‡L,
‡ejeUg c¨v›U c‡i, wMUvi evwR‡q AvRg Lv‡bi Mvb Ki‡Zb,
ZLb ‡mB ‰kk‡e cc mgÖvU GB wkíxi Mv‡bi m‡½ cwiPq|
Av‡iv c‡i js‡c¬qv‡i Zvi bvbvb wnU Mvb ï‡bwQ| Zv‡K Avwg
mvgbv-mvgwb cÖ_g ‡`wL 1986-87 mv‡j, GGBPwm‡Z covi
mgq| ey‡q‡Ui gv‡V KbmvU© n‡”QÑ Mv`vMvw` fxo, MvuRvi
‡avuqv, '¸i“, ¸i“' RqaŸwb, Avi Zygyj nƇMv‡ji ‡fZi ‡mw`b
wkíx‡K fvj K‡i ‡Pv‡LB c‡owb| Zey iv‡Z eÜyiv `j ‡eu‡a
Mvb Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wd‡iwQjvg, nvB‡Kv‡U©i gvRv‡i, K‡Zv dwKi
‡Nv‡i, KqRbv AvmjI dwKi?...
gyw³hy‡×i mgq AvMiZjvi iYv½‡b Zvi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Mvb
‡M‡q ‡kvbv‡bvi K_v Rvb‡Z cvwi 'GKvˇii w`b¸wj'‡Z| ‡Zv,
AvRg Lvb me wgwj‡q Avgvi Kv‡Q GK weivU AvBKb| ïay
gvÎ gyw³hyׇK ‡dvKvm K‡i wkíxi m‡½ K‡_vcK_‡bi Rb¨
Avwg Zvi ‡dvb b¤^i LyuR‡Z ïi“ Kwi| G cwÎKv, ‡m cwÎKvi
Awd‡m ‡LvuR K‡i ‡Kv_vI Zvi b¤^i cvB bv| we‡bv`b cvZvi
GK mvsevw`K Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb, wZwb ‡gvevBj ‡dvb e¨envi
K‡ib bv| Avi Zvi evmvi j¨vÛ‡dvbwUI A‡bKw`b a‡i
weKj! Zey ‡jv‡Kkb ‡R‡b nvwRi nB GK weKv‡j Zvi DËi
Kgjvcy‡ii evmvq| GKwU `vuo Kiv‡bv Ry‡Zvi ev·i g‡Zv
j¤^vjw¤^ cyi‡bv GKwPj‡Z ‡`vZjv Ni| mi“ wmuwo w`‡q Ic‡i
D‡V `iRv av°v‡Z GKwU ‡g‡q ‡ei n‡q G‡m ej‡jb,
ÒAv‡¼j ‡Zv Lye Amy¯’| AvR ‡`Lv n‡e bv| Avcwb Kvj
mKv‡j Avmyb|Ó ciw`b mKv‡j Avevi nvgjv| Gevi `iRv
‡Lvjv| bK Ki‡ZB ‡mB weL¨vZ LbL‡b Mjv,'' ‡K ‡i?''...
Avwg DuwK w`‡q A‡bKUv ‡V‡jB N‡i Xy‡K cwo| GKUv mvjvg
Vy‡K f‡q f‡q ewj AvM‡gbi ‡nZy|
wkíx ZLb GKwU Lv‡U ï‡q cv †`vjv‡”Qb| ci‡b GKwU mv`v
wU kvU© Avi Uª¨vwKs c¨v›U| dm©v, j¤^v Avi nvwÇmvi wdMv‡i
GB eq‡mI (57) Zv‡K my`k©b jv‡M| me ï‡b wZwb e‡jb,
ÒGKvËy‡ii K_v ‡KD g‡b ‡i‡L‡Q bvwK? Avi ZvQvov Avwg
‡Zv hy× ïi“ K‡iwQjvg gvÎ, ‡kl Ki‡Z cvwiwb| Avgvi hy×
fviZxq ‡mbvivB ‡Zv ‡kl K‡i w`‡jv!Ó
ïi“ n‡jv AvbyôvwbK K‡_vcK_b| cy‡iv mgq wkíx ï‡qB
iB‡jb| gv‡S gv‡S weQvbvi cv‡k ivLv GKwU wMUvi Qyu‡q Qyu‡q
‡`‡Lb| LyKLy‡K Kvwk ‡`‡L eywS, Zvi kixi ‡ek Lvivc
K‡i‡Q|...
Òhy‡× ‡M‡jb ‡K‡bvÓ Avwg Rvb‡Z PvB|
Ò1968‡Z QvÎve¯’vq Avgiv eÜyevÜe wg‡j Mvb KiZvg| ‡mB
mgq Avwg MYm½xZ wkíx ‡Mvôx 'Kªvwš—'i m‡½ hy³ nB| XvKvq,
XvKvi evB‡i Mvb Ki‡Z ‡M‡j cywjk bvbv iKg nqivwb
Ki‡Zv|Ó
Ò1969 mv‡j MYAf~¨Ìv‡bi mgq ‡`k‡cÖg ‡_‡K Avgiv iv¯—vq
e¨vwi‡KW w`‡q Ae‡iva ‰Zwi KiZvg| 1971 mv‡j hy× ïi“
n‡j cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi f‡q evmvq ‡UuKv ‡h‡Zv bv| ‡mB
mgq eÜy-evÜe `j ‡eu‡a wm×vš— wbjvg, XvKvq _vK‡j
Ggwb‡ZB gi‡Z n‡e, Zvi ‡P‡q hy× K‡i givB fvj| ZLb
mevB GKm‡½ hy‡× hvB|Ó
ÒAv¤§v‡K ejjvg, Avwg hy‡× hvw”Q| Av¤§v ej‡jb, hy‡× hvwe,
fvj K_v, ‡Zvi AveŸv‡K e‡j hv| AveŸv wQ‡jb miKvwi
PvKy‡i| f‡q f‡q Zv‡K ejvjvg, hy‡× hvw”Q| Dwb ej‡jb,
hvwe hv, Z‡e ‡`k ¯^vaxb bv K‡i wdiwe bv! Zvi K_v ï‡b
AevK n‡q ‡Mjvg| GKUv mvjvg w`‡q hy‡× hvB| ZLb Avgvi
eqm 21 eQi|Ó
Rvb‡Z PvB, ÒgvmwU g‡b Av‡Q?Ó
ÒAv‡i bv‡i fvB| hy‡×i mgq G‡Zv gvm-ZvwiL g‡b ivLv m¤¢e
bq|... cÖ_‡g Kywgj¬v eW©vi w`‡q wÎcyivi AvMiZjv hvB|
107
m~wPcÎ |
‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡gjvN‡i gyw³hy‡×i 2 b¤^i ‡m±i KgvÛvi
Lv‡j` ‡gvkvii‡di ‡m±‡i ‡gRi GwUGg nvq`v‡ii Kv‡Q
`y'gvm ‡Mwijv hy‡×i cÖwk¶Y ‡bB| Kywgj¬vi mvj`vq cvwK¯—
vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi m‡½ GKwU m¤§yL mg‡i mvd‡j¨i ci
Avgv‡K XvKvi ‡Mwijv hy‡×i `vwqZ¡ ‡`Iqv nq|Ó
Ò1971 mv‡j XvKvi gyw³evwnbxi GKwU ‡Mwijv Mªy‡ci
‡mKkb KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e Avwg hvÎv evwo, ‡Wgiv, ¸jkvb,
K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvmn ‡ek K‡qKwU m¤§yL mg‡i hy× Kwi, G
me hy‡×i ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`B|Ó
Ògyw³hy‡×i ‡Kv‡bv we‡kl ¯§…wZ?...Ó
AvRg Lvb e‡jb, Òknx` gyw³‡hv×v RvwK‡ii K_v cÖvqB g‡b
c‡o| XvKvi ‡Mvcxev‡M GKRb AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v‡K evuPv‡Z
wM‡q ‡m cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbv‡`i ¸wj‡Z gviv hvq|... ‡m mgq
RvwK‡ii g…Zz¨i Lei Avwg MÖ“‡ci Kv‡Q ‡P‡c wM‡qwQjvg,
bB‡j Zviv g‡bvej nviv‡Z cvi‡Zv|Ó
Ae‡nwjZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i K_v ej‡Z wM‡q wZwb e‡jb, ÒGB
‡Zv ‡mw`b dwKivcy‡j Avgvi MÖ“‡ci GKRb gyw³‡hv×v‡K
‡`wL, dyUcv‡Z Pv wewKª Ki‡Q! wK Avi Ki‡e, gyw³hy‡×i
‡PZbv hvi ‡fZi Av‡Q, ‡m ‡Zv Avi Pywi Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv!...gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡Kv‡bv miKviB ‡Zv g~j¨vqb K‡iwb| Gi
cvkvcvwk A‡bK wec_Mvgx gyw³‡hv×v ‡m mgq jyUcvU-
WvKvwZ K‡i‡Q, wenvix‡`i evwo-Rwg `Lj K‡i‡Q, gv-
‡evb‡`i B¾Znvwb K‡i‡Q| A‡b‡K WvKvwZ Ki‡Z wM‡q
MYwcUywb‡Z gvivI wM‡q‡Q|Ó
ÒAvwg wb‡RI Gme Kvi‡Y A‡bK eQi wb‡R‡K gyw³‡hv×v
wn‡m‡e cwiPq ‡`Bwb|...wec_Mvgx gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Kvi‡Y
RvwZI eûeQi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m¤§v‡bi ‡Pv‡L ‡`‡Lwb|Ó
Ò¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi wKfv‡e m¤¢e?Ó
ÒAb¨ ‡h ‡Kv‡bv mg‡qi ‡P‡q GLb ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax-hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi KwVb n‡q ‡M‡QÓÑ K_v Rvwb‡q wkíx e‡jb,
ÒGLb ivRvKvi, Avj-e`i, Avj-kvgmiv msMVwbKfv‡e
A‡bK ‡ewk kw³kvjx| GKRb ‡Mvjvg AvR‡gi wePvi
Ki‡jB G‡`i wfwË wbg©~j Kiv hv‡e bv| G‡`i ‡h we¯—…wZ
MZ 36 eQ‡i N‡U‡Q, Zv‡K DrLvZ Kiv mwZ¨B KwVb| Z‡e
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi GKw`b bv GKw`b n‡ZB n‡e|Ó
Ò¯^vaxbZvi ci ciB GB wePvi nIqv DwPZ wQj| wKš‘ Zv
nqwb, KviY fviZ mivmwi gyw³hy‡× n¯—‡¶c K‡i cvwK¯—vbx
‡mbv‡`i mm¤§v‡b cvwK¯—v‡b ‡diZ cvwV‡q‡Q| GKB m‡½
Gi c‡ii miKvi¸‡jv ¶gZvi ‡jv‡f cvK ‡mbv‡`i mn‡hvMx
hy×vcivax‡`i jvjb-cvjb K‡i‡Q|Ó
ÒwKš‘ Zv bv n‡q fviZ hw` gyw³hy‡× ïay mnvq‡Ki fywgKv
cvjb Ki‡Zv, Avgiv wb‡RivB hw` Avgv‡`i hy× ‡kl Ki‡Z
GB ‡Zv ‡mw`b dwKivcy‡j Avgvi
MÖ“‡ci GKRb gyw³‡hv×v‡K ‡`wL,
dyUcv‡Z Pv wewKª Ki‡Q! wK Avi Ki‡e,
gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbv hvi ‡fZi Av‡Q, ‡m
‡Zv Avi Pywi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv!
cviZvg, Zvn‡j cwiw¯’wZ wfbœ n‡Zv| bq gv‡m bq, bq eQi
c‡iI ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡j Avgiv ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i
wePvi Ki‡Z cviZvg|Ó
ÒwKš‘ hy×vciva KL‡bv Zvgvw` nq bv| Z‡e G‡`i wePvi
wejw¤^Z nIqvq A‡bK mv¶¨-cÖgvY msMÖn Kiv GLb KwVb
n‡q ‡M‡Q| ZvB A‡bK ‡`wi‡Z n‡jI Avš—R©vwZK Av`vjZ
ewm‡q Gi wePvi Kiv DwPZ| G Rb¨ miKv‡ii mw`”Qv
QvovI Avš—R©vwZK mg_©b cÖ‡qvRb|Ó
Ò¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwqZ¡ mr I
‡`k‡cÖwgK miKvi‡KB wb‡Z n‡e| Z‡e hZw`b GwU RvZxq
`vwe‡Z cwiYZ bv n‡e, ZZw`b ‡Kv‡bv miKviB GB wePvi
Ki‡e bv|Ó
Gevi Avwg cc mgÖv‡Ui Mv‡bi RM‡Z wd‡i Avwm| ‡mLv‡bI
Avgvi wRÁvm¨ gyw³hy×, ÒAv”Qv, AvRg
fvB, gyw³hy‡×i ci '‡ijjvB‡bi IB ew¯—‡Z'
ev 'dÖv‡÷kb' -- BZ¨vw` Mv‡b Avcbvi nZvkv dy‡U
DV‡Q ‡K‡bv? Mv‡bi ‡fZ‡i gyw³hy‡×i ‡MŠi‡ev¾¡j w`K¸‡jv
‡K‡bv cÖKvk cvqwb?Ó
ÒZLbKvi ‡cÖ¶vc‡U GB me Mvb K‡iwQjvg|... ‡h Avkv
wb‡q Avgiv hy‡× wM‡qwQjvg, hy‡×i ci Avgv‡`i ‡m Avkv
c~iY nqwb| cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j Nyl-`yb©xwZ wQj bv| evRv‡i me
wRwb‡mi GK`i wQj| Avi hy‡×i ci Nyl-`yb©xwZ,
Kv‡jvevRvix, jyUcv‡U ‡`k ‡Q‡q ‡Mj| me wRwb‡li `vg û
û K‡i evo‡Z jvM‡jv| ïi“ n‡jv 1974 Gi `ywf©¶| Avi
e½eÜy i¶xevwnbx MVb K‡i Av‡iKwU eo fyj Ki‡jb|
mviv‡`‡k ‡k¬vMvb DV‡jv -- ‡mvbvi evsjv k¥kvb ‡K‡bv?...
GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ZLb IB me nZvkvi Mvb|Ó
ÒGLb Kx bZyb cÖRb¥‡K bZyb K‡i gyw³hy‡×i Mvb, bZyb
Avkvi Mvb ‡kvbv‡eb?Ó
nZvkv Qwo‡q c‡o wkíxi Mjvq, ÒGB cÖR‡b¥i ‡KD ‡Zv
gyw³hy‡×i Mvb ïb‡Z Pvq bv! G‡`i Rb¨ GB me Mvb K‡i
jvf ‡bB| Zviv ‡Zv gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvmB Rv‡b bv|...Zey
GLb ‡`k Movi Mvb KiwQ| ‡`‡ki `ytmg‡q Avgv‡`i Avwg
GB cÖRb¥‡K Ab¨ GK gyw³i Mvb ‡kvbv‡Z PvB| KviY G
‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK gyw³, cÖMwZkxj wPš—v-‡PZbvi gyw³ GL‡bv
Av‡mwb|Ó...
*
K‡_vcK_‡bi ‡kl ch©v‡q G‡m nvwRi nb mnKg©x d‡Uv
mvsevw`K wd‡ivR Avn‡g`| evmvi m‡½i ‡Lvjv Qv‡` GKwU
evZvwe ‡jeyi MvQ| wd‡ivR ej‡jb, ÒAvDU‡Wv‡i GLv‡bB
Qwe fvj n‡e|Ó Avwg ejjvg, ÒAvRg fvB, mv`v RvgvUv
e`‡j ‡b‡eb bv Kx? iwOb Rvgvq Qwe fvj Avm‡e|Ó
wZwb wkï myjf nvwm w`‡q ej‡jb, Ò`vuovI GKUv meyR
R¨v‡KU c‡i Avwm... ‡ek LvwbKUv wdÖWg dvBUvi, wdÖWg
dvBUvi ‡`Lv‡e!Ó
ïi“ n‡jv, Avgv‡`i d‡Uv‡mkb...
108
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ ‡gvnv¤§` AvZvDj MwY Imgvbx
Awg ingvb wcqvj
1939 mv‡j weÖwUk fvi‡Zi ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z K¨v‡WU wn‡m‡e
‡hvM`vb K‡iwQ‡jb Imgvwb| 1940 mv‡ji 5 A‡±vei
‡`iv`y‡b BwÛqvb wgwjUvwi GKv‡Wwg ‡_‡K mvgwiK wk¶v ‡kl
K‡i weÖwUk BwÛqvb Avwg©i ÔAvwg© mvwf©m ‡KviÕ wefv‡M Kwgkb
jvf K‡ib| `ª“Z c‡`vbœwZ w`‡q 1941 mv‡ji ‡deÖyqvwi‡Z
K¨v‡Þb Ges c‡ii eQi weÖwUk mvgÖv‡R¨i me©Kwbô ‡gRi
nb| fviZ wefv‡Mi ci 1947 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i cvwK¯—vb
Av‡mb, Hw`bB Zv‡K ‡j. K‡Y©j c‡` DbœxZ Kiv nq| 1951
‡_‡K 55 ch©š— Lyjbv, h‡kvi, XvKv I PÆMÖv‡gi ‡÷kb
KgvÛv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1954 mv‡ji ZLbKvi
BwcAvi-Gi AwZwi³ KgvÛ¨v›U (eZ©gv‡b ‡WcywU wW‡i±i
‡Rbv‡ij) wn‡m‡e `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb| 1957 mv‡j Zv‡K K‡Y©j
c‡` DbœxZ Kiv nq| 1965 mv‡j cvK-fviZ hy‡×i mgq
K‡Y©j Imgvbx ‡WcywU wW‡i±i Ae wgwjUvwi Acv‡ikbm mn
wewfbœ `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb| 1967 mv‡ji 16 ‡deÖyqvwi K‡Y©j
c`gh©v`vq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx ‡_‡K Aemi ‡bb| 1970
mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m wZwb AvIqvgx wj‡M ‡hvM w`‡q mwKªq
ivRbxwZ‡Z cv iv‡Lb| ‡m eQi wW‡m¤^‡i cvwK¯—v‡bi mvaviY
wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx wj‡Mi g‡bvbxZ cÖv_©x wn‡m‡e wm‡j‡Ui 4wU
_vbv (evjvMÄ, ‡dÂyMÄ, ‡MvcvjMÄ I wek¦bv_) mgš^‡q
MwVZ cvwK¯—v‡bi e…nËg wbe©vPbx GjvKv ‡_‡K ‡bŠKv cÖZxK
wb‡q cvwK¯—vb RvZxq cwil‡`i m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ nb|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq Imgvbx
1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© iv‡ZB cvwK¯—vbx GKwU Kgv‡Ûv evwnbx
ebvbx‡Z Imgvbxi evwo‡Z nvgjv Pvjvq| wKš‘ Imgvbx
‡mŠfvM¨Kª‡g cvjv‡Z cv‡ib| Gici QÙ‡e‡k `xN©c_
AwZKªg Kywgj¬vi mvj`v b`xi AeevwnKvq ‡cŠ‡Q wew¶ßfv‡e
hy×iZ evOvjx ‡hv×v‡`i msMwVZ K‡ib| 10 GwcÖj e½eÜy
‡kL gywRei ingvb‡K ivóÖcwZ ‡NvlYv w`‡q MYcÖRvZš¿x
evsjv‡`k miKvi MwVZ n‡j Imgvbx Gw±f wj‡÷ Avn~Z
nb| 12 GwcÖj evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii hy×Kvjxb gwš¿mfvi bvg
‡NvlYv Kiv nq| G‡Z ivóÖcÖavb e½eÜy ‡kL gywRei
ingvb‡K gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK e‡j ‡NvlYv Kiv nq| Ges
evsjv‡`k miKvi GK ‡NvlYvq Imgvbx‡K ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij
c‡` DbœxZ K‡i 12 GwcÖj ‡_‡K gš¿xi gh©v`vmn evsjv‡`k
mk¯¿ evwnbx I gyw³evwnbxi cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ wbhy³ K‡i|
1971 mv‡ji 11 RyjvB gywRebM‡i D”Pc`¯’ mvgwiK I
‡emvgwiK Kg©KZ©v‡`i GK ‰eV‡K mk¯¿ evwnbxi m`i `ßi
MVb Kiv nq| ‡mLv‡b AvbyôvwbKfv‡e Imgvbx‡K gyw³evwn-
bxi cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ wn‡m‡e wbhyw³ ‡`Iqv nq| Zvi ‡ckvMZ
KªwgK b¤^i 821| GKB ‰eV‡K K‡Y©j Avãyi ie ‡mbv cÖavb
Ges Mªyc K¨v‡Þb G‡K L›`Kvi Dc-‡mbvcÖavb wn‡m‡e
wb‡qvM cvb| Imgvbxi G.wW.wm wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM ‡`Iqv nq
‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡kL Kvgvj‡K (‡kL gywR‡ei eo ‡Q‡j,
‡ckvwfwËK KªwgK bs-865)| e¨w³MZ mnKvix wQ‡jb
Awdmvi K¨v‡WU (994) ‡`Iqvb MvDm Avjx| 21 b‡f¤^i
Ô71 evsjv‡`k I fviZ miKv‡ii ‡hŠ_ wm×v‡š— fviZxq mk¯¿
evwnbx I gyw³evwnbxi mgš^‡q wgÎevwnbxi ‡hŠ_ KgvÛ MwVZ
nq| Avi GB Kgv‡Ûi AwabvqK wQ‡jb ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij
RMwRr wms A‡iviv| Imgvbx wQ‡jb Zvi Aaxb¯’|
16 wW‡m¤^i P~ovš— weRq ch©š— GB KgvÛ Kvh©Ki wQ‡jv|
cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx A‡ivivi Kv‡QB AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| 15
wW‡m¤^i XvKvi DcK‡É G‡m NuvwU Mvov wgÎevwnbxi ‡Rbv‡ij
gv‡bK kÕi Kv‡Q c~e© cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx cÖavb ‡j.
‡Rbv‡ij wbqvRx GK ‡UwjMÖvg cvwV‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Z
¯^xK…wZ Rvbvb| gv‡bK k AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi mgq wba©viY K‡i
‡`b|
gyw³hy‡× ci Imgvbx
¯^vaxbZvi ci MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi RvwZi cÖwZ Pig
Z¨vM I gnvb ‡mevi ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e Imgvbx‡K ‡Rbv‡ij
c‡` DbœxZ K‡ib, hv Kvh©Ki nq 16 wW‡m¤^i 71 ‡_‡K|
1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii RvnvR PjvPj, Af¨š—ixY
‡bŠ I wegvb PjvPj gš¿x wn‡m‡e kc_ MÖnY K‡ib Imgvbx|
1973 mv‡j RvZxq msm` m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ n‡q Av‡Mi
`vwqZ¡mn WvK, Zvi, ‡Uwj‡dvb I ‡hvMv‡hvM gš¿Yvj‡qi
`vwqZ¡ cvb wZwb| 1975 mv‡j PZy_© ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g
GK`jxq (evKkvj) ivóÖcwZ c×wZi miKvi Pvjy n‡j GB
cÖwKªqvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i AvIqvgx wjM I msm` m`m¨ ‡_‡K
c`Z¨vM K‡ib| 29 AvM÷ 1975 mv‡j ‡`‡k mvgwiK kvmb
PjvKv‡j ZrKvjxb ivóÖcwZ L›`Kvi ‡gvkZvK Avng‡`i
Avgš¿‡Y ivóÖcwZi cÖwZi¶v welqK Dc‡`óvi `vwqZ¡ ‡bb
Ges 3 b‡f¤^i c`Z¨vM K‡ib| 1976 mv‡j RvZxq RbZv
cvwU© bv‡g GKwU `j MVb K‡ib| 1978 I 1981 mv‡j
ivóÖcwZ wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡ib Ges ‡n‡i hvb| 1984
mv‡ji 16 ‡deÖyqvwi K¨vÝv‡i AvKªvš— Imgvbx jÛ‡b g…Zy¨yeiY
K‡ib|
Z_¨m~Î : gywRe bMi miKv‡ii `wjj cÎ, evsjv‡`k
WKy‡g›Um, gyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U e¨w³i Ae¯’vb/ GGmGg
mvgQyj Av‡idxb, gyw³hy× ‡Kvl/gybZvmxi gvgyb m¤úvw`Z,
Rb¥hy×
wKQz weZK©
Z_¨cÖgv‡YB ‡evSv hvq, gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK c‡` e½eÜy
‡kL gywR‡ei RvqMvq cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ Imgvbxi Avmvi cÖkœB
I‡V bv| gyw³hy‡×i ci Imgvbx Aeg~j¨vwqZ n‡q‡Qb GUvI
mwZ¨ bq| ‡K‡bv Imgvbx‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i AvZ¥mgc©Y Abyôv‡b
‡`Lv hvqwb G wb‡q weZK© †`Lv hvq|
gvwK©b Awa`߇ii cÖKvwkZ `wjjc‡Î (Bwmœc‡m †`Lyb)
‡`Lv hvq ‡h 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k miKvi cvwK¯—vbx
‡mbvevwnbxi AvZ¥mgc©Y cÖm‡½ ‡h `vwe¸‡jv Zy‡jwQj Zv‡Z
1 b¤^‡i wQj ‡kL gywR‡ei wbtkZ© gyw³| 3 b¤^‡i ejv n‡q‡Q
cvwK¯—v‡b Ae¯’vbiZ me evOvjx ‰mwb‡Ki ‡`‡k wd‡i Avmvi
my‡hvM Ges fviZ-evsjv‡`k ‡hŠ_ Kgv‡Ûi Kv‡Q cvwK¯—v‡bi
AvZ¥mgc©Y wbwðZ Kiv| Av‡MB ejv n‡q‡Q ‡hŠ_ Kgv‡Ûi
‡bZ…Z¡ wQ‡jv A‡ivivi nv‡Z| evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ AvZ¥mgc©Y
Abyôv‡b Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb Dc-‡mbva¨¶ G‡K L›`Kvi| GLb
‡Kb wQ‡jb bv Imgvbx- Gi ‡Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v ‡bB| wZwb _vK‡Z
bv cvivi Rb¨ KLbI gb Lvivc K‡i ‡Kv‡bv wee…wZ ‡`bwb,
‡j‡LbIwb ‡Kv_vI hv `wjjvKv‡i cvIqv hv‡e|
109

m~wPcÎ |
wfb‡`kx gvbyl, Avgv‡`i exicÖZxK
nvmvb ‡gvi‡k`
Wwe¬D G Gm IWvij¨vÛ (W. A.S OUDERLAND)
GKRb wfb‡`kx| Rb¥ ‡b`vij¨v‡Û| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×
i‡qj WvP evwnbxi mvnmx mv‡R©›U| bvrmx‡`i nv‡Z
aiv c‡o †KŠk‡j cÖv‡Y ‡eu‡P hvIqv| me‡k‡l
A‡÷Öwjqvq ¯’vqx nIqv Ges 2001 mv‡j ‡kl wbtk¦vm
Z¨vM|
Kx Avi Ggb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©? we‡kl K‡i Avgv‡`i
evsjv‡`kx‡`i Rb¨? nu¨v. ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †Zv e‡UB! KviY
GB ‡jvKUv Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡×i GKRb exicÖZxK|
1971 mv‡j'i gyw³hy‡× mvnmx Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ GB
wfb‡`kx exicÖZxK Dcvwa ‡c‡qwQ‡jb| evUv
‡Kv¤úvbxi ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wPd IWvij¨vÛ
evUvi KviLvbvi ‡fZi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡Mwijv ‡UÖwbs
w`‡Zb| cwðgv bvMwiK‡Z¡i my‡hvM wb‡q K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui
‡fZi ‡_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i w`‡Zb ‡hv×v‡`i| GK
ch©v‡q wb‡RB AskMÖnY K‡ib mivmwi hy‡×|
IWvij¨vÛ msKªvš— ‡ek wKQy Z_¨ Av‡Q wb‡Pi wjs‡KÑ
wjsK
hy×vcivax I NvZ‡Kiv evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKZ¡ cvq
AvB‡bi gvic¨vu‡P| MW©b wMÖwbR bv‡gi GK
‡eZb‡fvMx Kg©Pvixi cv‡qI jywU‡q ‡`qv nq ‡`‡ki
bvMwiKZ¡| A_P G ‡`‡ki Rb¨ hy× K‡iI
IWvij¨v‡Ûi ‡m ‡mŠfvM¨ nqwb|
wØZxq wek¦hy‡× wbnZ weªwUk ‰mwbK‡`i Lye PgrKvi
mgvwa ‡mŠa Av‡Q GB ‡`‡k| G ‡`‡ki Rb¥hy‡× cÖvY
w`j ‡h 14 nvRvi fviZxq ‰mwbK| A_P bv, Zv‡`i
m¤§v‡b ‡Kv‡bv mgvwa ‡bB! ‡Kv‡bvw`b Zv‡`i K_v
D”PviY Kiv hv‡e bv| 9 gvm fvi‡Zi mvaviY gvbyl
evsjv‡`kx‡`i AvkÖq w`j, Lv`¨ w`j DØv¯‘‡`i| wKš‘
bv, ‡m K_v fy‡jI D”PviY Kiv hv‡e bv!
K…ZÁZvi ‡evSv GZB fvix!!!
Life sketch of
W.A.S. Ouderland,
Bir Pratik
Mr W A S Ouderland was born in December 1917
in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
He started work with the Bata Show Company. He
was called up to serve as a sergeant in the Dutch
Royal Signals Corps on the eve of Nazi invasion in
1940.
He was taken prisoner by the Nazis, but he soon
escaped from the POW camp and joined the Dutch
resistance. He spoke fluent German, which helped
him keep the resistance as well as the Allied forces
abreast of German movements.
Following the end of the World War II, he returned
to work for Bata. He was posted as the CEO of
Bata operation in the then East Pakistan on the
eve of our War of Liberation. Brutal repression and
occupation of unarmed Bangladeshis by the
Pakistani occupation army reminded him of the
similar brutalities perpetrated by the Nazis in occu-
pied Europe. He fully appreciated the legitimacy of
Bangladeshi resistance against the brute forces of
occupation.
He felt the acute need to make the world aware of
the extent of genocide. As he was able to move
freely as a foreigner, he took photographs of the
atrocities committed by Pakistanis and their
agents. He then passed these photographs to the
world press.
As CEO of a major multinational, he enjoyed close
access to higher echelon of the occupation forces.
Indeed, he had close personal relationship with
Gens Tikka Khan and Niazi. He maintained the
appearance of friendship to the Pakistani top brass
in order to avail sensitive information. He then
passed these vital information on to the Mukti
Bahini.
As the War progressed, he secretly began to train
and assist local youths around the Tongi area in
the art of guerilla resistance. He sent his family
away from occupied Bangladesh so that he could
turn his residence into a safe haven for our free-
dom fighters and their weapons.
He was awarded gallantry award Bir Pratik for his
contribution to our War of Liberation.
Mr Ouderland remained in Bangladesh till 1978
and was transferred to Australia thereafter. He later
settled in Australia and died after prolonged ail-
ment at the age of 84 in a hospital at the Western
Australian city of Perth on 18 May 2001. His love
and concern for Bangladesh was undiminished
until his last days. 110
m~wPcÎ |
†emvgwiK gyw³‡hv×v : ¯^xK…wZnxb GK Aa¨vq
dinv` DwÏb ¯^cb
G wel‡q ‡Kvb m‡›`n ‡bB ‡h, gyw³hy× ev½vjxi nvRvi
eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m ‡kÖô msMÖvg Avi ¯^vaxbZv n‡”Q ‡kÖô
AR©b| nvRvi eQi bv e‡j me©Kv‡ji ej‡jI AZz¨w³
n‡e bv| ‡KejgvÎ gxiRvd‡ii es‡kv™¢~Z ¸wUK‡qK
RviR mš—vb (mvaviY A‡_© hv‡`i‡K ivRvKvi e‡j Rvwb)
Qvov Avcvgi me ev½vjx G msMÖv‡g mvwgj n‡qwQ‡jb|
ivRbxwZwe`, ‰mwbK, wk¶K, QvÎ, K…lK, w`bgRyi,
‡¶ZgRyi, Wv³vi, BwÄwbqvi mevi cÖ‡PóvB GB
msMÖvg‡K w`‡qwQ‡jv mdjZv| GUv‡K msMwVZ ‡Kvb
wbw`©ó evwnbxi msMÖvg bv e‡j Avcvgi RbM‡Yi cÖ‡Pôv
ej‡jB mwZ¨Kv‡ii mZ¨ K_v ejv n‡e| wbtm‡›`‡nB
GUv GKK ‡Kvb AR©b wQj bv|
wKš‘ gyw³hy× cieZ©xKv‡j hLb ¯^xK…wZi cÖkœwU Avm‡jv,
ZLb ‡`Lv ‡M‡jv ‡h, gyw³hy‡×i ‡mB e…nr As‡ki
cÖ‡Póv, Z¨vM, i³`vb me Avgv‡`i Aj‡¶¨ P‡j ‡Mj|
exi‡kÖô ‡LZvecÖvß 7 gyw³‡hv×vi g‡a¨ ‡`‡ki ‡emvgwiK
Rb‡Mvôxi ‡mB ‡hv×v‡`i GKRbI ‡bB, hviv ‡Kvb
‡ckv`vix `vqe×Zv bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I ïaygvÎ wb‡Ri
‡`kgvZ…Kvi m¤§vb i¶v‡_© hy‡× wM‡qwQ‡jb, wb‡Ri Rxeb
DrmM© K‡iwQ‡jb| wVK ‡Zgbfv‡e exi DËg ‡LZv‡ei
‡¶‡ÎI GKgvÎ Kv‡`i wmwÏKx Qvov Ab¨ ‡Kvb
‡emvgwiK gyw³‡hv×vi bvg ‡bB| exi weKªg Ges exi
cÖZxK ‡LZv‡ei ‡¶‡ÎI GKB ‰elg¨ j¶Yxq| wKš‘
Avgiv Rvwb Ggb A‡bK ‡emvgwiK ‡hv×v wQ‡jb hv‡`i
exi‡Z¡i welqwU we‡ePbv Ki‡j Zviv Hme ‡LZve cvevi
g‡ZvB ‡hvM¨ wQ‡jb| ïaygvÎ ‡LZv‡ei welqB bq,
gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm ‡_‡KI Zviv Kª‡g nvwi‡q hv‡”Qb|
wewfbœ RvZxq w`e‡m, mfv, ‡mwgbv‡i GB eximš—vb‡`i
wb‡q ‡Kvb Av‡jvPbv, ch©v‡jvPbv wKQyB nq bv|
G wel‡q Avgv‡K fyj †evSvi nq‡Zv GKwU ‡¶Î m…wó
n‡Z cv‡i| A‡b‡K nq‡Zv fve‡Z cv‡ib hviv ‡LZve
‡c‡q‡Qb wKsev mvgwiK evwnbxi AR©b‡K Avwg Lv‡Uv
Kivi ‡Póv K‡iwQ| welqwU cwi¯‹vi Kivi Rb¨ ejwQ,
Avwg ‡Kvb Ae¯’vB Zv‡`i Lv‡Uv Kivi g‡Zv GKwU RNb¨
Kv‡Ri Askx`vi n‡Z PvB bv| Avgv‡`i exi‡kÖômn
Ab¨vb¨ ‡LZvecÖvß gyw³‡hv×vMY Ges ‡m mg‡qi mvgwiK
evwnbx Avgv‡`i Me©, Avgv‡`i ‡kÖô mš—vb, Avgv‡`i ‡kÖô
BwZnvm| wKš‘ Avgiv Rvwb cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK evwnbx‡Z
G A‡ji RbM‡Yi ‡jvKR‡bi Dcw¯’wZ A‡NvwlZfv‡eB
wbwl× wQ‡jv| ‡¶Îwe‡k‡l wb‡qvM w`‡jI D”Pc‡`
wb‡qvM w`‡Zv bv| wZb evwnbxi ‡Kvb m`i `ßiB
Z`vbxš—b c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wQ‡jv bv| Kv‡RB welqwU
cwi¯‹vi, ZLb Avgv‡`i mvgwiK evwnbx ‡Kvb Ae¯’vqB
GKwU msMwVZ evwnbx wQ‡jv bv| GiKg GK AmsMwVZ
mvgwiK evwnbx w`‡q ‡Kvb Ae¯’vqB cvwK¯—vwb‡`i g‡Zv
GKwU msMwVZ evwnbx‡K civwRZ Kiv m¤¢e wQ‡jv bv,
hw` bv ‡ckv`vwi `vqe×Zv bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I ïaygvÎ wb‡Ri
‡`kgvZ…Kvi m¤§vb i¶v‡_© hviv hy‡× wM‡qwQ‡jb Zv‡`i
mvwe©K mg_©b, mn‡hvwMZv, AvZ¥Z¨vM Qvov| Avwg ïay
‡mBme A‡ckv`vi exi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¯^xK…wZ PvBwQ, hviv
B‡Zvg‡a¨B ¯§…wZi Avov‡j P‡j wM‡q‡Qb| G‡`i ¯^xK…wZ
e¨wZ‡i‡K gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm LwÛZB ‡_‡K hv‡e|
GKwU m¤ú~Y© gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm Avgv‡`i AvMvgx
cÖR‡b¥i nv‡Z Zy‡j w`‡ZB ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qv DwPZ ‡mBme
A‡ckv`vi ‡emvgwiK ‡hv×v‡`i, hviv m¤ú~Y© we‡e‡Ki
`vqe×Zv ‡_‡KB wb‡Ri gv‡qi m¤§v‡bi ¯^v‡_© hy×
K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Rxeb w`‡qwQ‡jb| ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qv DwPZ
‡mB mg¯— gnrcÖvY ‡jvK‡`i, hviv gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvkÖq
w`‡qwQ‡jb, Lv`¨ w`‡qwQ‡jb, Avw_©K mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ‡jb
Ges ïaygvÎ GB Kvi‡Y nvbv`vi evwnbx wKsev Zv‡`i
‡`vmiiv Zv‡`i evwo-Ni R¡vwj‡q w`‡qwQ‡jv, DØv¯—y
K‡iwQ‡jv| ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qv DwPZ ‡mBme knx`
eyw×Rxex‡`i, a‡g©i Avwdg LvB‡q Nywg‡q ivLv GKwU
RvwZ‡K RvMÖZ Kivi `vwqZ¡ hviv wb‡qwQ‡jb †¯^”Qvq|
gyw³hy× Ges gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm‡K c~Y©Zv w`‡ZB fy‡j
hvIqv GB mg¯— ‡emvgwiK gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qv
DwPZ| Avgiv wbðqB Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm‡K
LwÛZ ‡`L‡Z PvB bv| hw` ‡mUv ev¯—‡eB N‡U hvq, Z‡e
Avgv‡`i Rb¨ RvwZ wn‡m‡e Gi ‡P‡q j¾vi Kx Avi
_vK‡Z cv‡i? wbwðZfv‡eB gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g
¯^vaxbZvcÖvß RvwZi Kcv‡j G Kj¼ ‡kvfv cvq bv|
gyw³hy‡× knx‡`i ev¯—e
msL¨v : wKQz cwimsL¨vb
iv‡k`
gv‡Sgv‡SB GKUv cÖkœ DV‡Z ‡`wL gyw³hy‡× knx‡`i
msL¨v wb‡q| ‡KD ‡KD gvb‡Z ivwR bv 30 j¶
knx‡`i e¨vcviUv| hw`I GB wel‡q ‡ek wKQy cÖgvY
i‡q‡Q|
Donald Beachler Zvui ÒThe politics of genocide
scholarship: the case of BangladeshÓ
(Patterns of Prejudice, 41:5, 2007, pp467 -
492) Rvb©vj ‡ccv‡i GB wel‡q wek` wKQy Z_¨ Zy‡j
a‡ib Ges wZwik j‡¶i e¨vcviUv Rvw÷dvB K‡ib|
wb‡P Zvi wKQy Py¤^K Ask Zy‡j aijvg|
Av‡gwiKvb cwjwUK¨vj mvBw›U÷m Richard Sisson
and Leo E. Rose (MYnZ¨v n‡qwQj Zv Zviv ¯^xKvi
K‡ib wb) e‡jwQ‡jb cÖvq wZb j‡¶i gZ gvbyl gviv
wM‡qwQj [1]| Kalyan Chaudhuri e‡jwQ‡jb
12,47,000 Gi gZ gvbyl gviv wM‡qwQj hw`I wZwb
¯^xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb ‡h Zvi nv‡Z Kgwc¬U †WUv wQj bv
[2]| R. J. Rummel wn‡me K‡iwQ‡jb ‡`o
wgwjq‡bi gZ gvbyl gviv wM‡qwQj [3]| wKš‘ GBme
Z_¨B fyj cÖgvwYZ n‡qwQj| mvsevw`K Sydney
Schanberg wn‡me K‡i ‡`wL‡qwQ‡jb ‡h, we‡`wk
`~Zvev‡mi Kg©KZ©v Avi we‡`wk ch©‡e¶K‡`i gZvgZ
wb‡q, cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ nIqv me
gvbyl‡K wn‡me Kiv n‡j Avi Avi wiwdDwR wn‡m‡e
cvjv‡bvi mgq Avwg© Avi Zv‡`i ‡`vmi‡`i nv‡Z
wbnZ nIqv me gvbyl‡K MYbv Ki‡j g…‡Zi msL¨v 3
wgwjqbB n‡e [4], hv ‡kL gywRei ingvb Zvui fvl‡Y
e‡jwQ‡jb| wZb wgwjq‡bi mc‡¶ Av‡iKwU eo `wjj
111
 Av‡m G. Gg. G. gywn‡Zi KvQ ‡_‡K| wZwb wn‡me
K‡i ‡`wL‡qwQ‡jb wZb wgwjqbB gviv wM‡qwQj hy‡×i
m~wPcÎ | mg‡q [5]|

Av‡iKwU Lye k³ cÖgvY cvIqv hvq W. gvneyeyi

GKwU wbwe©Kvi b…ksmZvi Mí ingv‡bi Òevsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvmt 1947-71Ó eB‡qi

gyw³hy‡×i bq gvm Aa¨vq ‡_‡K (c…. 310)|
RbmsL¨vi wn‡me Ki‡jB GwU ¯úó KZRb gviv
wiqvR kv‡n` wM‡qwQj| 1969 mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi
RbmsL¨v wQj 698 jvL| RbmsL¨v e…w×i nvi we‡ePbv
Ki‡j 1974 mv‡ji Av`gïgvwi‡Z RbmsL¨v 801
eÖvþYevoxqvq Avgvi `v`vi evwo| gyw³hy‡×i mgq `v`vi eqm cÖvq mËi, A¯¿ nv‡Z hy‡× Ask bv wb‡jI wewf-
jvL nevi K_v| wKš‘ ev¯—‡e Zv wQj 764 jvL| hv
bœfv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡Qb gyw³‡hv×v‡`i| GKw`b ‡ewi‡q‡Qb evRvi Ki‡Z, mv‡_ cÖwZ‡ekx eÜy| evRvi K‡i wd‡i
cÖvq 37 jvL Kg wQj| ZvB 30 jvL gvbyl gviv
Avmvi mgq c‡o ‡M‡jb cvKevwnbxi GKUv UÖv‡Ki mvg‡b| AvZsKRvMvwbqv UÖvKUv iv¯—vi GKav‡i `vuwo‡q Av‡Q,
wM‡qwQj hy‡× GwU h‡_ó ev¯—em¤§Z| Qwe‡Z ‡`Lyb|
‡fZ‡i cÖvq `k-c‡b‡iv Rb Lvb‡mbvi mv‡_ GjvKvi wPwýZ Avje`i evwnbxi K‡qKRb m`m¨ e‡m Av‡Q|
`v`v‡`i‡K ‡`‡L Zv‡`i ‡Kvb fvevš—i n‡jv bv e‡jB g‡b n‡jv, GKRb ïay `v`vi nv‡Z aiv evRv‡ii _‡jUvi
W. gvneyeyi ingvb welqK Z‡_¨i Rb¨ K…ZÁZvt Gg
w`‡K BswMZ K‡i wKQy GKUv ej‡jv|
Gg Avi Rvjvj, Awg ingvb wcqvj
`v`viv UÖvKUv cvi n‡q ‡ek wKQy`yi P‡j G‡m‡Qb, Ggb mgq
†idv‡iÝ
nVvr ¸wji AvIqvR; `v`v ‡`L‡jb Zvi ‡QvULv‡Uv eÜywU
1. Sisson and Rose, War and Secession.
GKUv SvuwK ‡L‡q gyL _ye‡o c‡o ‡M‡Q| `v`v eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb
2. Kalyan Chaudhuri, Genocide in
eÜywU GL‡bv gviv hvqwb, evRv‡ii e¨vM ‡d‡j `v`v Zv‡K a‡i
Bangladesh (Bombay: Orient Longman
IVv‡bvi ‡Póv Ki‡jb| wKš— ‡cQb ‡_‡K Avmv GKwU KÚ¯^i
1972)
ï‡b Zv‡K ‡_‡g ‡h‡Z n‡jv, ÒH A‡i aiwebv Lei`vi,
3. R. J. Rummel, Death by Government
‡`LZvQmbv m¨v‡iiv cª¨vKwUm KiZv‡Q? GKUy c‡i Acv‡ikb
(New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction
Av‡Q|Ó `v`v wd‡i ZvKv‡jb; UÖv‡Ki ‡fZi emv GK
Publishers 1997)
Avje`i e‡j‡Q K_v¸‡jv| GK cvK‡mbv nvZ w`‡q `v`v‡K
4. Sydney H. Schanberg, “Bengalis land a
Bkviv Ki‡jv m‡i ‡h‡Z| ZL‡bv ch©š— `v`v ey‡S EV‡Z
vast cemetery”, New York Times, 24
cv‡ibwb GKUy c‡i Zvi ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b c…w_exi me‡P‡q
January 1972, 1
bviKxq `…‡k¨i AeZviYv n‡Z P‡j‡Q|
5. A. M. A. Muhith, Bangladesh: Emergence
of a Nation, (Dhaka: University Press
`v`v‡K e›`y‡Ki Bkvivq Zvi eÜyi KvQ ‡_‡K miv‡bv n‡jv|
1992)
Gevi GKRb GKRb K‡i cvK‡mbv `v`vi eÜywU‡K j¶¨
K‡i wbkvbv cª¨vKwUm Kiv ïi“ Ki‡jv| Avje`i¸‡jv
26 gvP© 2008
nvZZvwj ‡g‡i Zv‡`i‡K Drmvn w`‡”Q| ZLb cÖvq `ycyi‡ejv,
AvKvk ‡gNv”Qbœ, hZ`~i ‡`Lv hv‡”Q iv¯—vNvU cy‡iv dvuKv, Zvi
gv‡S ïay GKwU UÖv‡Ki ‡fZi wKQy c_åó gvbyl Avi iv¯—vq Avgvi `v`v, Avi nVvr K‡iB c…w_exi me‡P‡q
nZfvM¨ gvby‡l cwiYZ nIqv `v`vi ‡mB eÜy, RxweZ bv g…Z ‡evSv hvqbv| `y‡qKUv kKybI wK I‡o Avmbœ ‡fv‡Ri
A‡c¶vq? cy‡iv e¨vcviwU‡K ‡Kvb civev¯—e RM‡Zi `…k¨ e‡j g‡b nq|

Ae‡k‡l GKmgq ‡kl nq Lvb‡mbv‡`i GB Drme| `v`vi eÜywU‡K gvbyl wnmv‡e Avi ‡Pbv hvq bv, A‡bK jvj
iO ‡`qv GKUv ‡Mvj e‡ji g‡Zv g‡b nq| `v`v ‡f‡e cvbbv Kx K‡i wZwb GB jvj ejwU‡K evwo‡Z wb‡q
hv‡eb| mgvavb ‡`q GK Avje`i, ÒA¶Y PBjv hv, ABUv‡i wbwebv, m¨v‡iiv Av‡iv cª¨vKwUm Kie c‡i|Ó
26 gvP© 2008

112
m~wPcÎ |
1971 mv‡ji 15 A‡±vei wbD BqK©
UvBg‡m cÖKvwkZ msev`, Gg Avi
Rvjv‡ji msMÖn †_‡K
Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb wKwjs
wec¬e ingvb
Zvi m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq eQiPv‡iK Av‡M ‰`wbK hyMvš—‡i KvR Kivi
mgq| ZLb eb¨vq XvKvi wbgœvÂj Wye‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| ‡gvRv‡¤§j
nK, exi cÖZxK (50) Avevi XvKvi DcKÉ fvUviv BDwbqb cwil`
‡Pqvig¨vb| ‡Zv eb¨v `yM©Z Avi I ÎvY ZrciZv wb‡q wZwb ZLb
Lye e¨¯—| Kv‡jv i‡Oi GKwU ‡mW ‡Zvjv Uywc c‡o w`bivZ ‡gvUi
mvB‡Kj `ve‡o ‡eov‡”Qb|
Avwg gyw³hy‡× Zvui mvnmx f~wgKvi K_v Av‡MB ‡R‡bwQjvg cwÎKv
c‡o| ‡m mgq Zvui e¨¯—Zvi Kvi‡Y Aek¨ G wb‡q K_v nqwb| Zey
‡ckvMZ m¤ú‡K©i evB‡i GK ai‡bi kÖ×vc~Y© eÜyZ¡ nq| gvbyl
wn‡m‡e wZwb Lye ¯úóev`x, KvD‡K ‡Zvqv°v Kiv Zvi avu‡Z ‡bB|
‡m mgq GKMv`v mvsevw`‡Ki mvg‡b GK `ycy‡i Pig weiw³i m‡½
wZwb e‡jB ‡dj‡jb, '‡LvKv fvB (‡gqi mv‡`K ‡nv‡mb ‡LvKv)
Avm‡eb weKv‡j| Gi Av‡M ÎvY w`‡Z Dwb wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| ‡gqi
wn‡m‡e Dwb ÎvY Kv‡Ri D‡Øvab Ki‡Z Pvb! Av‡i wgqv, ‡mB mKvj
‡_‡K eb¨vZ©iv GK nvZv wLPywo LvIqvi Rb¨ ‡iv‡`i g‡a¨ e‡m
Av‡Q| wL`v wK Avi GB me ‡gqi-‡dqi, Avi wUwf K¨v‡giv ‡ev‡S?
ÎvY jvMvI, ÎvY jvMvI| ‡gqi Avm‡j ZLb ‡`Lv hv‡e!' Zvi
wb‡`©‡k ZLbB wLPywo weZiY ïi“ n‡q hvq|
¯’vbxq weGbwc ‡bZviv Avi cywjk Kg©KZ©viv Kx ‡h‡bv Zv‡K
‡evSv‡Z Pvb, gvB‡Ki k‡ã fvj K‡i ‡evSv hvq bv| ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB
ïay gv_v bv‡ob| gvwQ Zvov‡bvi g‡Zv evi `y‡qK nvZ bv‡ob ‡bZv
Avi cywjk KZ©v‡`i D‡Ï‡k|
RbwcÖq GB gvby‡li m‡½ N›Uv wZ‡bK AvjvcPvwiZv nq ‡mw`b|
welq -- gnvb gyw³hy×| wcÖq cvVK, Avmyb ZviB eqv‡b ïwb, 1971
Gi ‡mB Av¸b Siv w`b¸‡jvi K_v| ïwb, wK‡kvi gyw³‡hv×vi ‡mB
`ya©l© 'Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb wKwjs' Gi K_v|...
'1971 mv‡j Avwg kvnxbev‡Mi ÷vd I‡qj‡dqvi nvB ¯‹y‡ji beg
‡kÖYxi QvÎ| eqm gvÎ 14 eQi| evÇv, fvUviv, ‡QvjgvB` ZLb
cy‡ivcywi MÖvg| gvB‡ji ci gvBj av‡bi ‡¶Z, Lvj-wej-Rjvq we¯—
…Y© GjvKv| XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›UI ZLb Lye Kv‡Q g‡b nq| cvwK¯—vbx
‡mbviv cÖvqB Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi Av‡kcv‡ki gv‡V cÖwk¶Y
wb‡Zv|...Avgvi evc-PvPviv mevB K…lK, wbi¶i gvbyl| Avgiv ¯‹y‡j
cwo| covi dvu‡K Zv‡`i K…wl‡Z mvnvh¨ Kwi, Mi“ PivB|'
'25 gv‡P©i iv‡Z evev avwbRwg‡Z ‡mP w`w”Q‡jb| Avwg wM‡qwQ Zvui
Rb¨ Lvevi wb‡q| nVvr K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡_‡K ¸wji kã| gU©v‡ii dvqvi
Avi ‡d¬qvi Mv‡bi Av‡jvq cy‡iv AvKvk gv‡S gv‡S Sj‡m I‡V|...
evev ej‡jb, hy× ïi“ n‡q‡Q| ZvovZvwo evwo Pj|'
Avwg Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kwi, 'Avcwb IB eq‡m hy‡× ‡M‡jb ‡Kvb& ‡PZbv
‡_‡K?'
wZwb e‡jb, 'ZLb IB e‡q‡mB XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui cvK ‡mbv‡`i
AZ¨vPv‡ii ‡ek wKQy K_v Avgiv ï‡bwQjvg| M¨vwimb wm‡bgv n‡j
¯¿x‡K wb‡q wm‡bgv ‡`L‡Z wM‡qwQ‡jb Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi GK ‡jvK|
cvK ‡mbviv Zv‡K Mv‡Qi m‡½ ‡eu‡a Zvi ¯¿x‡K MYal©Y K‡i| GQvov
Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi cv‡k cÖwk¶Y wb‡Z G‡m Zviv m`¨ cÖm~wZ Av‡iK
M…nea~‡KI MYal©Y K‡i|'
'Avgiv ev‡m Po‡j AevOvjx KÛv±i-‡níviiv Avgv‡`i wmU ‡_‡K
Zy‡j w`‡q wenvix‡`i ‡mB wm‡U em‡Z w`‡Zv| ZvQvov ‡m mg‡qi
QvÎjxM ‡bZv, weK‡gi QvÎ Av‡bvAvi ‡nv‡mb (exi cÖZxK) fvB
Avgv‡`i ej‡Zb, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b KvM‡Ri Kj nIqv m‡Z¡I GLv‡b
KvM‡Ri w`¯—v hLb 14 Avbv, ZLb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b KvM‡Ri `vg
wQ‡jv 6 Avbv| evevi Kv‡Q ï‡bwQjvg, 1961-62 ‡Z cvwK¯—vb
miKvi Avgv‡`i wZb GKi Rwg AwaMÖnY K‡i gvÎ ‡`o nvRvi UvKv
`vg w`‡qwQj|'
'Av‡bvqvi fvB ej‡Zb, ‡`k ¯^vaxb K‡i evOvwj‡`i wb‡R‡`i kvmb
cÖwZôv Kiv bv ‡M‡j GB me AZ¨vPvi ‡_‡K gyw³ cvIqv hv‡e bv|
25 gv‡P©i ci ‡iwWI‡Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi Le‡i ïbZvg
113
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cvK ‡mbv‡`i ee©iZvi Kvwnbx| ïbZvg gyw³evwnbxi
AMÖhvÎvi Lei| G meB Avgv‡`i hy‡× hvIqvi Rb¨ DØy×
K‡i‡Q|'
‡gvRv‡¤§j nK e‡j P‡jb, 'Avwg Ab¨ wZb PvPv‡Zv fvB
AvRvnvi“j Bmjvg eKyj, wMqvm DwÏb I Avey mvC‡`i m‡½
civgk© Kijvg, GK iv‡Z iwngyÏxb I Av‡bvqvi fvB‡qi
m‡½ evwo ‡_‡K cvwj‡q Kywgj¬v eW©vi w`‡q wÎcyiv hv‡ev|
‡mLv‡b ‡UÖwbs wb‡q gyw³hy× Ki‡ev| wKš‘ cwiKíbv evwo‡Z
Av‡MB dvum n‡q hvIqvq Avwg, eKyj Avi mvC` cvjv‡Z
cvwiwb| Ab¨ wVKB wÎcyiv P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv|'
'Gw`‡K Avgvi gb gv‡b bv| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii Lei ïwb,
‡`‡ki Rb¨ Avgvi cÖvY Kvu‡`| g‡b nq, me Zi“Y-hyeviv hy×
Ki‡Q, Avi Avgiv gv‡qi AvuP‡ji Qvqvq Avivg-Avqv‡k
AvwQ| wb‡R‡K Lye Acivax g‡b nq| 10-15 w`b evwo‡Z
e‡m _vKvi ci Avwg Avi mvC` Avevi hyw³ Kijvg, evwo
‡_‡K cvjv‡ev, hy‡× hv‡ev| Gevi evev-gv‡K ejjvg, hw`
UvKv-cqmv w`‡q hy‡× hvIqvi AbygwZ bv `vI, Zvn‡j UvKv-
cqmv QvovB evwo ‡_‡K cvjv‡ev| ZLb evc-PvPviv civgk©
K‡i UvKv-cqmv w`‡q Avgv‡`i hy‡× hvIqvi AbygwZ ‡`b|'
'Zvn‡j ‡kl cq©š— evwoi m¤§wZ‡Z hy‡× hvb?'
'nu¨v, Avwg Avi mvC` wKQy UvKv Ry‡Zvi ‡fZi Avjv`v K‡i
jywK‡q, Rvgv-Kvco ¸wQ‡q GK iv‡Z iIbv nB| biwms`x
ch©š— ev‡m, Zvici j‡Â Kwgj¬vi bexbMi| ï‡bwQjvg,
Kywgj¬vi wmGÛwe ‡ivW cvi n‡jB wÎcyivi eW©vi| c‡_ c‡_
kZ kZ gvby‡li ‡`Lv cvB, hviv cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q `‡j
`‡j kviYv_©x wn‡m‡e fviZ hv‡”Qb| ‡KD ev Avevi hv‡”Qb
gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM w`‡Z| Kywgj¬v ‡cŠu‡Q Avgiv GKwU wiKkv fvov
‡bB wmGbwe ‡ivW hv‡ev e‡j|'
'wKš‘ wiKkvIqvjv Avgv‡`i Nyic‡_ wb‡q ‡h‡Z ‡h‡Z mܨv
K‡i ‡d‡j| ZLb Avgiv wiKkv ‡Q‡o w`‡q nvuUv ïi“ Kwi|
c_-NvU wKQyB wPwb bv| GK ‡jvK Avgv‡`i G‡m e‡j,
Avcbviv Avgvi evmvq P‡jb, ivZUv KvUvb, ‡fv‡i AvgivB
Avcbv‡`i eW©vi cvi K‡i ‡`‡ev| Avgiv gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶i
‡jvK|'
'Dcvq bv ‡`‡L Avgiv ‡mB iv‡Z IB ‡jv‡Ki evmvq DwV|
iv‡Z Lvev‡ii Rb¨ GKUv ‡gviM wKb‡e e‡j ‡mB ‡jvK
Avgv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K UvKv ‡P‡q ‡bq| mvivivZ eW©v‡i gU©vi
wewbg‡qi kã ïwb| ‡Mvjv¸wj eÜ n‡j ‡fv‡ii w`‡K `yRb
‡jvK Avgv‡`i wmGbwe ‡iv‡W wb‡q hvq| Zviv ‡MvgwZ b`x
‡`wL‡q e‡j, IB cv‡i BwÛqv| ‡jvK `yRb Avgv‡`i c‡KU
nvZ‡o UvKv-cqmv me ‡i‡L ‡`q| RyZvi ‡fZ‡i jyKv‡bv
mvgvb¨ wKQy UvKv ZLb Avgv‡`i ‡kl m¤^j|'
'jyw½ c‡i ‡QvÆ ‡MvgwZ b`x ‡nu‡U cvi nB| wÎcyiv mxgv‡š—i
DuPy cvnvo ‡`Lv hvq|'
Avwg ewj, 'Zvn‡j, mxgvš— cvi n‡q ‡UÖwbs wb‡jb| Avi hy×
ïi“ n‡jv?'
'Av‡i bv‡i fvB, AZ mn‡R nq bvB| cÖ_gevi f‡q cvwj‡q
G‡mwQ| Icv‡i wM‡q ‡Kvbveb n‡q K‡jRwUjv wUÖwbs K¨v‡¤ú
‡cŠuQvB| ‡mLv‡b K¨v¤ú wPd wQ‡jb QvÎjxM ‡bZv iwk`
fvB| ‡mLv‡b Avgv‡`i 15 w`b ivLv nq| _vKv-LvIqvi
Ae¯’v Avi ej‡Z! Lvevi ej‡Z ïay Wvj Avi fvZ| Avi
Wvj ‡h `yM©Ü n‡Z cv‡i, Zv ejvi bq| Avgiv iwk` fvB‡K
AwZó K‡i gvwi, fvB, Avgv‡`i ‡UÖwbs‡q cvVv‡eb bv?'
'wZwb Avgv‡`i cvVv‡jb cv‡ki wbf©qcyi ‡UÖwbs K¨v‡¤ú|
‡mLv‡b ‡cŠu‡Q ‡`wL, K¨v‡¤úi bvgB ïay wbf©qcyi, Avm‡j
bevMZ‡`i fq cvIqv‡bvi g‡Zv me iKg e¨e¯’vB ‡mLv‡b
Av‡Q| ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z Avmv gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mevi Ô‡PvL D‡V‡QÕ|
R¡i Avi Wvqwiqvq G‡KKR‡bi Ae¯’v Kvwnj| cwiw¯’wZ
‡`‡L bvgavg ‡iwRw÷Ö Kivi Av‡MB Avgvi PvPvZv fvB ‡eu‡K
e‡m| ‡m Avgv‡K e‡j, Pj, Avgiv cvwj‡q ‡`‡k wd‡i hvB|
GLv‡b ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z ‡M‡j Avi evuP‡Z n‡e bv| hy‡×i Av‡MB
Amy‡L GLv‡bB Avgv‡`i gi‡Z n‡e!...Zvi K_v ï‡b Avwg
mwZ¨ mwZ¨ fq cvB| mevi ‡PvL dvuwK w`‡q Avgiv ‡Pv‡ii
g‡Zv cvwj‡q mxgvš— cvwo w`‡q Avevi MÖv‡g wd‡i Avwm|'...
'‡ivM-‡kv‡Ki f‡q gyw³hy‡×i ‡UÖwbs bv wb‡qB wÎcyiv ‡_‡K
`yB fvB cvjv‡jb, ‡`‡k MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wdi‡jb| Zvici?'
Avwg Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kwi| ‡gvRv‡¤§j nK GKUy w¯’i n‡q `g
‡bb| Zvici ¯§…wZ nvZ‡o ej‡Z ïi“ K‡ib Avevi|
'‡Zv XvKvi MÖv‡gi evwo fvUvivq wd‡i mevi
Kv‡Q mwZ¨ K_vUvB ejjvg| evwoi ‡jvKRb ‡Zv
gnvLywk, hvK, N‡ii ‡Q‡j fv‡jvq ‡fv‡jvq N‡i
wd‡i‡Q| IB me hy‡×i f~Z cvwj‡q‡Q|'
'ZLb iwngyÏxb gyw³hy‡×i ‡UÖwbs wb‡q MÖv‡g wd‡i Av‡m| ‡m
Avgv‡K e‡j, BwÛqvq ‡h ‡Mwijv ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ! Avi nvwZqvi
Avgv‡`i w`‡q‡Q! eySwj, ‡Zv‡`i g‡Zv fxZy‡`i Avi `iKvi
‡bB| Gevi AvgivB ‡`k ¯^vaxb K‡i ‡dj‡ev|'
'iwngyÏx‡bi K_vUv Avgvi Lye g‡bi ‡fZ‡i wM‡q jv‡M| 10-
15 w`b Lye Aw¯’iZvi g‡a¨ Kv‡U| GKw`b Zvu‡K Avevi awi,
iwng fvB, Avwg fyj K‡iwQ, Zywg Avgv‡K ‡UÖwbs‡q cvVvI|
Avwg hy‡× hv‡ev| ‡m wKQy‡ZB ivwR nq bv| ‡k‡l Avgv‡K
e‡j, gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi Av‡M ‡Zvgv‡K mvnwmKZvi cix¶vq
cvm Ki‡Z n‡e| cvm Ki‡j Zvici ‡`Lv hv‡e|'
'Avwg ivwR n‡j, Ryb-RyjvB gv‡m iwngyÏxb GK mܨvq
Avgv‡K GKwU n¨vÛ‡MÖ‡bW ‡`q| Gi e¨envi wkwL‡q w`‡q
e‡j, GB ‡evgvi 36wU UyK‡iv Av‡Q| GwU dvU‡j 30 M‡Ri
g‡a¨ hviv Av‡Q, Zviv mevB gviv hv‡e| ‡Zvgv‡K GwU
we‡`kx‡`i gv‡K©‡U gvi‡Z n‡e| cvi‡j mvnwmKZvi cix¶vq
cvm|'
'c‡i ‡MÖ‡bWwU‡K Avwg c¨v‡›Ui c‡K‡U wb‡q iwngyÏxbmn
¸jkvb 2 b¤^i weÖ‡Ri cvwK¯—vbx ‡PK‡cv÷ mn‡RB cvi n‡q
hvB| ‡mLv‡b cvK ‰mb¨‡`i mnvqZv Ki‡Zv ‡h evOvwj, ‡m
Avgv‡`i MÖv‡giB GK ‡jvK| ZvQvov QvÎ wn‡m‡e Avgvi
cwiPqcÎ wQ‡jv| Avgvi Amyweav nq bv|'
'`yR‡b GKUv ‡eex U¨vw· wb‡q ¸jkvb 1 b¤^i wWAvBwU
gv‡K©‡U hvB| ‡mLv‡b we‡`kx‡`i Avbv‡Mvbv| iwngyÏxb
Ô‡iwKÕ K‡i e‡j, GLv‡b myweav n‡e bv, cÖPyi wgwjUvwii cvn-
viv|'
'Avgiv `yR‡b Av‡iKwU ‡eex U¨vw· wb‡q gnvLvwj wUwe
nvmcvZvj ‡M‡Ui w`‡K ‡h‡Z _vwK| c‡_ we‡`kx cZvKv
Iov‡bv GKwU evmv ‡`wL| U¨vw· Nywi‡q Avev‡iv IB c‡_
hvIqvi mgq iwngyÏxb Avgv‡K Bkviv K‡i| Avwg Pjš—
114
m~wPcÎ |
U¨vw· ‡_‡K ‡MÖ‡bWwUi wcb Ly‡j IB evwoi ‡fZi Qyu‡o
gvwi|'...
'wKQy`~i hvIqvi c‡iB weKU k‡ã ‡MÖ‡bWwU we‡ùvwiZ nq|
AevOvwj ‡ewePvjK ‡eÖK K‡l Avgv‡`i e‡j, ‡Kqvu ûqv n¨vq?
iwngyÏxb Zv‡K ag‡K e‡j, ‡evgv dyUvqv! mv‡j ‡jvM, PvjvI
‡eex!'
'wKQy`~i wM‡q Avgiv ‡ewe ‡Q‡o w`‡q Nyic‡_ evÇvq GK
AvZ¥x‡qi evmvq IB ivZwU KvUvB| ciw`b cwÎKvq ‡`wL,
eo eo ‡nWjvB‡b Lei -- `y¯‹…wZKvixiv we‡`kx `~Zvev‡m
‡MÖ‡bW nvgjv K‡i‡Q! ‡mwU ‡Kvb& `~Zvevm wQj, GLb Avi
g‡b ‡bB|'...
'Zvici?' evjK-we¯§‡q Avwg Rvb‡Z PvB|
‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB e‡jb, 'Avi Kx! iwngyÏx‡bi cix¶vq cvm|
GKw`b iv‡Z evwo‡Z wd‡i ‡`wL gv KvuVv‡ji wcVv
evwb‡q‡Qb| ‡mB wcVv ‡L‡Z ‡L‡Z gv‡K Avwg ewj, gv, Avwg
Kvj mKv‡jB ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z BwÛqv hv‡ev| Avgv‡K wKQy UvKv
w`‡Z cv‡iv?'
'gv e‡jb, ‡Zvi evev ‡Zv evwo‡Z ‡bB| Avi Avgvi Kv‡Q ‡Zv
UvKv-cqmv _v‡K bv| ‡`wL, ‡Zvi PvPxi Kv‡Q wKQy cvIqv
hvq Kx bv|'
'gv UvKv avi Ki‡Z PvPxi evmvq ‡M‡Qb| GKUy c‡i PvPv
G‡m Avgv‡K agKv‡bv ïi“ Ki‡jb, GB me Kx? `yw`b ci
ci hy×, hy× K‡i evmvq Akvwš— Kiv! GKevi Avgvi ‡Q‡j‡K
(PvPv‡Zv fvB mvC`| IB ‡h AmyL-wemy‡Li f‡q Avgiv `yRb
wÎcyiv ‡_‡K ‡UÖwbs bv wb‡qB cvjvjvg!) D¯‹vwb w`‡q BwÛqvq
wb‡q ‡Mwj| ‡UÖwbs bv wb‡qB cvwj‡q Gwj| GLb Avevi ‡UÖwbs
Gi hvIqvi Rb¨ evqbv aiv|... Gevi ‡h‡Z n‡j ZyB GKB
hv| Avgvi ‡Q‡j‡K m‡½ wbwe bv!'
'Avwg ejjvg, UvKv `vI, bv `vI, Gevi Avwg hv‡evB| GKvB
hv‡ev, gi‡Z n‡j GKvB gi‡ev| ‡Zvgvi ‡Q‡j‡K Gevi
‡b‡ev bv|'
'‡Zv ciw`b ‡fv‡i gvÕi avi Kiv 246 UvKv wb‡q Avwg
‡gvRv‡¤§j nK, exi cÖZxK
¸jkvb 2 b¤^i evm ÷¨v‡Û hvB| ‡mLv‡b gyw³‡hv×v iwngyÏxb
Av‡M ‡_‡KB Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQj| `yR‡b
BwcAviwUwmi evm a‡i fvOv c‡_ Kywgj¬v ‡cŠuQvB| Avevi
‡mB ‡MvgwZ b`x ci n‡q ‡cŠuQvB ‡gjvNi ‡UÖwbs ‡m›Uv‡i|
‡mLv‡b 2 b¤^i ‡m±i KgvÛvi ‡gRi GwUGg nvq`vi Avgv‡K
‡`‡LB iwngyÏxb‡K agK, Kx me ‡cvjvcvBb wb‡q G‡m‡Qv!
GB me w`‡q Kx hy× Kiv hvq? iwngyÏxb Avgvi c‡¶
IKvjwZ K‡i e‡j, m¨vi, I ‡QvU n‡jI Lye mvnmx| XvKvi
we‡`kx `~Zvev‡m n¨vÛ ‡MÖ‡bW PvR© K‡i‡Q!'
'ïi“ n‡jv ‡UÖwbs? Kx Kx A¯¿ Pvjv‡bv wkL‡jb?'
'nu¨v, ‡gRi nvq`v‡ii m¤§wZ‡Z GBevi mwZ¨ mwZ¨ ‡Mwijv
‡UÖwbs ïi“ n‡jv ‡gjvN‡i| 21 w`‡bi ‡UÖwbs‡q Avwg jvBU
‡gwkbMvb (GjGgwR), K‡qK ai‡Yi ivB‡dj, ‡÷b Mvb,
c¬vw÷K G·‡c¬vwmf, Gw›U U¨vsK gvBb, 16 Bw gvBb,
dmdivm ‡evgv, ‡MÖ‡bW ‡_ÖvBs, A¨vgeyk cÖwk¶Y ‡bB|'
'21 w`b ci 15 Rb wb‡q Avgv‡`i XvKv
K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡Mwijv MÖÒc ‰Zwi n‡jv| Gi MÖ“c
KgvÛvi n‡jb GgGb jwZd| Avi ‡mB iwngyÏxb‡K Kiv
n‡jv ‡WcywU KgvÛvi|'
'GKw`b ‡gRi ‡di‡`Šm, K¨v‡Þb Av‡qb DÏxb I Av‡bvqvi
‡nv‡mb (exi cÖZxK) Avgv‡`i GKUy fvj LvB‡q-`vB‡q
iv‡Zi ‡ejv we`vq w`‡jb| wKš‘ hv‡`i mxgvš— ‡iwK Ki‡Z
cvVv‡bv n‡qwQ‡jv, Zvi wVKfv‡e wWDwU bv K‡iB wK¬qv‡iÝ
‡`q| Avgiv 15 Rb Kywgj¬vi wmGbwe ‡iv‡W DV‡ZB cvK
‡mbv‡`i A¨vgey‡ki gy‡L cojvg| wZb-PviUv e¨vsKvi ‡_‡K
ïi“ n‡jv KªgvMZ ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj|'
'IB iv‡Z GK cvU ‡¶‡Z cvwj‡q ciw`b ey‡K fi w`‡q
GKUy GKUy K‡i Avevi BwÛqvi ‡gjvN‡i ‡cŠuQvB| ‡`wL
Avgiv 15 RbB A¶Z AvwQ| wKš‘ ‡gRi nvq`vi Gevi
‡eu‡K em‡jb, G‡`i gi¨vj WvDb n‡q ‡M‡Q| G‡`i w`‡q
Avi hy× n‡e bv! wZwb wb‡`©k w`‡jb, Avgv‡`i ‡Kv‡bv GKwU
‡Mwijv BDwb‡U ‡Mvjvevi“` enbKvix wn‡m‡e ‡hvMvb`v‡ii
`vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z!'
‡gvRv‡¤§j nK e‡j P‡jb, 'GB K_vq mevi gv_vq AvKvk
‡f‡O co‡jv| G‡Zv Kó K‡i ‡UÖwbs wbjvg, Avi ‡k‡l Kx bv
‡hvMvb`vi! Avgiv Kx hy× Ki‡ev bv!'
'Avwg eyw× K‡i cÖwZw`b i“wUb K‡i ‡gRi nvq`v‡ii Awd‡mi
mvg‡b A¨v‡Ubkb n‡q `vuwo‡q _vK‡Z jvMjvg| 15-20 w`b
ci Dwb Avgv‡K ‡W‡K ej‡jb, GB ‡Zvi Kx n‡q‡Q? cÖ‡Z¨K
w`b GLv‡b `vuwo‡q _vwKm ‡Kv‡bv? Avwg ewj, m¨vi Avgv‡`i
hy‡× cvVvb| Avgiv gi‡Z fq cvB bv| ‡gRi mv‡ne e‡jb,
‡Zv‡`i w`‡q ‡Zv hy× n‡e bv| ‡Zv‡`i gi¨vj ej‡Z Avi
wK”Qy ‡bB| Avwg bv‡Qvoev›`v, bv m¨vi| Avgiv cvi‡ev|
Avgv‡`i GKUv Acv‡ikb w`‡qB ‡`Lyb bv!'
'‡gRi nvq`vi e‡jb, ZyB KvD‡K gvi‡Z cviwe? ‡Kv‡bv wPš—v
bv K‡iB ewj, m¨vi, cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯úxKvi Avãyj ReŸvi
Lvb‡K gvi‡Z cvi‡ev| ‡gRi mv‡ne Avgv‡K GKUv Po
gv‡ib| e‡jb, ‡eqv`e, Rvwbm, GUv K‡Zv KwVb KvR?
115
m~wPcÎ |
Av”Qv, ZyB XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvi evwm›`v cvK Mfb©i
‡gvbv‡qg Lvb‡K gvi‡Z cviwe?'
'GBevi Avwg ewj, m¨vi, GUv Avgvi Rb¨ A‡bK mnR| Avwg
Zvi evmv wPwb| ‡QvU‡ejvq Zvi evmvi ILv‡b ‡Lj‡Z wM‡qwQ|
Avgvi GK `~i m¤ú‡K©i ReŸvi PvPv Zvi evmvi ‡Mvqvjv|'
'‡gRi nvq`vi ‡n‡m ûKyg ‡`b, ‡MU ‡Ub, Dj¬yK Kv cvuVv|'
'm‡½ m‡½ Avwg 10Uv eyK Wb w`‡Z ‡j‡M hvB| eyS‡Z cvwi,
Avgv‡K ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb wKwjs Acv‡ik‡bi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv n‡”Q!'
'Gevi Avwg Zv‡K cvëv cÖkœ Kwi, m¨vi, hw` Acv‡ikb
mvK‡mm nq, Avgv‡K Kx cyi¯‹vi ‡`‡eb?'
'ZyBB ej, ZyB Kx Pvm?'
'Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l Avwg Avcbvi ‡Kvg‡ii wifjeviUv PvB!'
'‡MU j÷! Dj¬yK Kv cvuVv!'
'...K¨v‡¤ú wd‡i MÖ“c‡K GB Lei ewj| ‡KD wek¦vm K‡i bv|
GKUy c‡i AW©vi Av‡m, Avgv‡`i XvKvq Acv‡ik‡bi `vwqZ¡
‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q! Lywk‡Z mevB wPrKvi ‡PuPv‡gwP ïi“ K‡i|'
'Gic‡iI mxgv‡š—i GKwU ‡QvULvU hy‡× Avgv‡`i mvn‡mi
cix¶vq DËxY© n‡Z nq| Avgiv 15 R‡bi MÖ“c bvivqYM‡Äi
iƒcM‡Ä ‡cŠuQvB| m‡½ hvi hvi nvwZqvi Rvgvi wb‡P Avi
e¨v‡Mi ‡fZi jyKv‡bv|'
'‡mLvb ‡_‡K Avwg fvUvivi MÖv‡g wdwi| Avgvi gv_vq ZLb
GKUvB wPš—v -- Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb|'...
'Avwg ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi ‡Mvqvjv ReŸvi PvPv‡K Lyu‡R ‡ei K‡i
Zv‡K mewKQy ewj| wZwb Avgv‡K e‡jb, ZyB Zvi ivLvj
kvRvnv‡bi m‡½ LvwZi Ki| ‡Zvi KvR n‡e| Lei`vi,
Avgvi K_v wKQy ejwe bv!'
'ReŸvi PvPv GKw`b `~i ‡_‡K kvRvnvb‡K wPwb‡q ‡`b| ‡m
ZLb ebvbx‡Z ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi cv‡k Mi“ Pov‡”Q|
Avwg Zvi mv‡½ GUv-‡mUv Mí Rywo| ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi Ici
ivLv‡ji Lye ivM|'
'K_vq K_vq kvRvnvb e‡j, ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb GKUv Rv‡bvqvi!
Avgv‡K ‡eZb ‡Zv ‡`qB bv, D‡ëv bvbvb wbh©vZb K‡i|
G‡KKUv wmÜx MvB 20-25 ‡mi `ya ‡`q| GK ‡dvuUv `yaI
Avgv‡K ‡L‡Z ‡`q bv| MvB ‡`vqv‡bvi mgq ‡gvov ‡c‡Z ‡m
wb‡RB e‡m _v‡K, ‡h‡bv `ya Pywi bv nq| cvuPevi evmv ‡_‡K
cvwj‡qwQ| cÖ‡Z¨Kevi cywjk w`‡q Avgv‡K awi‡q G‡b‡Q|
gyw³iv G‡Zv gvbyl‡K gv‡i, GB e¨vUv‡K gvi‡Z cv‡i bv!'
'Av‡iKUy LvwZi nIqvi ci GKw`b kvRvnvb‡K Avwg ewj,
Avgvi m‡½ gyw³‡`i ‡hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q| Avcwb hw` mnvqZv
K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avwg Zv‡`i Lei ‡`B, Avcwb ‡gvbv‡qg
Lvb‡K gvivi e¨e¯’v Ki“b| kvRvnvb ivRx nq| AviI `y-
GKw`b ‡Nviv‡bvi ci kvRvnvb Aw¯’i n‡q c‡o, KB,
Avcbvi gyw³iv ‡Zv Av‡m bv!'
'GKw`b weKv‡j Avwg GKwU P‡Ui e¨v‡M Avgvi ‡÷bMvb,
`ywU g¨vMwRb, GKwU n¨vÛ‡MÖ‡bW Avi GKwU dmdivm ‡evgv
wb‡q kvRvnvb fvB‡qi Kv‡Q nvwRi nB| Zv‡K ewj, AvR
mܨvq GKUy ‡`wi‡Z Mi“¸‡jv‡K ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq
‡XvKv‡Z n‡e|
Avi Avgv‡K jywK‡q wb‡q ‡h‡Z n‡e evmvi ‡fZi| ‡mB
cÖ_g kvRvnvb fvB ‡ev‡Sb, G‡Zvw`b Avgvi Kv‡Q gyw³evwn-
bxi ‡h Mí wZwb ï‡b‡Qb, AvwgB ‡mB gyw³evwnbx! wZwb
Avgvi cÖ¯—v‡e ivwR nb|'
Avwg ewj, '‡Zv A¯¿-k¯¿ wb‡q ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi ‡fZi
XyK‡jb? ïi“ n‡jv Acv‡ikb?'
‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB e‡jb, 'IB w`b evmvi ‡fZ‡i XyK‡Z
cvi‡jI ‡mw`bB Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z cvwiwb| ci ci `yevi
e¨_© nB| ... cÖ_gevi IB mܨvq ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq
Xy‡K ‡M‡Ui cv‡ki KjvevMv‡bi ‡Svu‡c NvcwU ‡g‡i e‡m
_vwK| GKUy c‡i Zvi ivLvj ‡mB kvRvnvb fvB G‡m Lei
‡`q, ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi kixi Lvivc| ‡m ‡`vZjvq D‡V ‡M‡Q|
‡`vZjvq ‡h‡Z ‡M‡j Zvi ‡Q‡ji N‡ii mvg‡b w`‡q ‡h‡Z
n‡e| Avevi evwo fwZ© ‡jvKRb|'
'Acv‡ikb IBw`b ¯’wMZ ‡i‡L Avwg ‡mLvb ‡_‡K P‡j hvB
cv‡ki ebvbx wLÖ÷vb cvovq| ‡mLv‡b cÖPyi B‡Ui cvuRv wQj|
B‡Ui cvuRvq nvwZqv‡ii e¨vMwU jywK‡q P‡j Avwm|'
'c‡i Av‡iKw`b mܨvq nvwZqv‡ii e¨vM wb‡q kvRvnvb
fvB‡qi m‡½ Avevi ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq hvB| Avevi ‡mB
KjvevMv‡b NvcwU ‡g‡i emv| wKš‘ ZLb
GKwU D¾j ‰e`¨ywZK ev‡j¦i Av‡jvq Pvicv‡ki
me wKQy cwi¯‹vi| Avwg AÜKv‡ii Avovj ‡c‡Z ‡mB
evwZwU BU ‡g‡i ‡f‡O ‡dwj| G‡ZB wecwË ‡`Lv ‡`q|'
'GKRb PvKi fvOv evj¦ ‡`‡L wPrKvi-‡PuPv‡gwP ïi“ K‡i,
evwo‡Z ‡Pvi Xy‡K‡Q! ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmv cvnviv w`‡Zv ‡h
me ‡ejywP¯—v‡bi AevOvwj cywjk, Zviv ûB‡mj evwR‡q, UP©
‡g‡i ‡Pvi ‡LvuRvLyuwR ïi“ K‡i| Avwg wec` ‡`‡L Avevi
cvjvB|'
Avwg ewj, 'I Av”Qv| wKš‘ G‡Zvw`b cwÎKvq wKš‘ GB me
Sw°-Sv‡gjvi K_v cwowb| Avwg ‡f‡ewQ...|Õ
‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB nv‡mb, 'Av‡i cwÎKvIqvjviv G‡Zv K_v
wjL‡Z Pvq bv| Iiv n‡”Q, ms‡¶‡c we¯—vwiZ!'
'‡Zv Zvici ‡Zv Avgvi gb Lye Lvivc| ci ci `yevi
Acv‡ik‡b evav| Avi eywS n‡e bv! Gw`‡K kvRvnvb fvB
fvUviv G‡m GKw`b Avgv‡K a‡i, Kx fvB, hy× n‡e bv? Zvi
K_vq Avevi g‡bvej wd‡i cvB|'
'Gevi mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e m‡½ ‡bB Av‡bvqvi fvB‡K (Av‡bvqvi
‡nv‡mb, exi cÖZxK)| Avev‡iv mܨvi ci ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi
evmvi ‡fZ‡ii ‡mB Kjv‡Suv‡c `yRb jywK‡q e‡m _vwK|
GKUy c‡i kvRvnvb fvB G‡m Lei ‡`q, AvR‡K Acv‡ikb
m¤¢e| ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, Zvi ‡g‡qi RvgvB (Rvnv½xi ‡gv.
Avw`j) Avi wk¶vgš¿x (AvgRv` ‡nv‡mb) evmvi wbPZjvi
WÖBsi“‡g e‡m Mí-¸Re Ki‡Qb|'
'Avwg Rvb‡Z PvB, ‡K ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, wPb‡ev Kx fv‡e?
kvRvnvb fvB Rvbvb, GKwU ‡mvdvq wZbRbB GKm‡½ e‡m
Av‡Q| gv‡Si RbB ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, Zvi gv_vq ‡Mvj Uywc
i‡q‡Q|...Avwg Acv‡ik‡bi c‡ii cwiw¯’wZ Av›`vR K‡i
‡Mvqvjv ReŸvi PvPv Avi kvRvnvb fvB‡K Rvgv-Kvco wb‡q
evmv ‡_‡K cvjv‡Z ewj|'
'ïbkvb wbieZvi g‡S nvwZqvi evwM‡q Avgiv `yRb g~j
evwowUi w`‡K GwM‡q hvB| Avgvi c¬¨vb n‡”Q, ‡÷bMv‡bi
GKwU g¨vMwRb cy‡iv LiP Ki‡ev ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi Ici|
evwK `yRb‡K Av‡iKwU g¨vMwRb w`‡q eÖvk Ki‡ev|
116
m~wPcÎ |
...e¨vKAvc Avg©m wn‡m‡e n¨vÛ‡MÖ‡bW Avi dmdivm ‡evgv
‡Zv Av‡QB|'
'Avgiv evwoi WÖBsi“‡gi `iRvq ‡cŠu‡Q ‡`wL `iRvwU ‡Lvjv|
`iRvi w`‡K gyL K‡i wZbRb GKwU ‡mvdvq Nwbôfv‡e e‡m
gv_v wbPy K‡i ‡Kv‡bv kjvcivgk© Ki‡Q| gvSLv‡b ‡Mvj Uywc
gv_vq ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb| Avwg ‡÷b w`‡q eÖvk Kwi| wKš‘ GKwU
gvÎ wm‡½j dvqvi ‡ei nq, ¸wjwU ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi ‡c‡U
jv‡M| ‡m -- I gv ‡Mv-- e‡j i³v³ Ae¯’vq gvwU‡Z jywU‡q
c‡o| ...evwK `yRb f‡q --evev ‡Mv, gv ‡Mv, evuPvI, evuPvI--
wPrKvi ïi“ K‡i|...Avgvi ‡÷bMvb w`‡q Avi dvqvi nq
bv| Avwg g¨vMwRb e`‡j evwK g¨vMwRb w`‡q dvqvi Kivi
‡Póv Kwi, Zv‡ZI KvR nq bv| Av‡bvqvi fvB ‡mdwU wcb
Ly‡j ‡MÖ‡bWwU Qyu‡o gv‡ib| Gev‡iv fvM¨ Lvivc| ‡MÖ‡bWwUI
wQ‡jv A‡K‡Rv, ‡mwU ‡`qv‡j evwo ‡L‡q ‡diZ Av‡m|'
'Gw`‡K Zvi evwoi ‡ejywP¯—vbx cywjkiv wPrKvi-‡PuPv‡gwP ï‡b
G‡Ki ci GK e¬¨v¼ dvqvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avgiv ‡`qvj
Uc‡K cvjvB|'
'‡`Š‡o ¸jkvb-ebvbx ‡j‡Ki Kv‡Q ‡cŠu‡Q ‡`wL ReŸvi PvPv
Avi kvRvnvb fvB Avgv‡`i Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Avwg
Av‡bvqvi fvB‡K I‡`i m‡½ ‡jK mvuZ‡i Icv‡i P‡j ‡h‡Z
ewj| ‡÷bMvb wb‡q Avgvi c‡¶ mvuZvi ‡`Iqv nq bv|
...LyuR‡Z LyuR‡Z Avwg GKwU ‡Kvlv ‡bŠKv ‡c‡q hvB| ‡mUv
wb‡q Avwg ¸jkvb 2 b¤^i weÖ‡Ri KvQvKvwQ Avwm|'
'Gw`‡K ‡Mvjv¸wji k‡ã G‡Ki ci GK cvK Avwg©i UÖvK
‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi w`‡K iIbv n‡q‡Q| `~‡i eo iv¯—v
w`‡q UÖv‡Ki PjvPj ‡`wL| IB weÖRwUi Ici Avwg©i
‡PK‡cv÷ wQ‡jv| Avwg aiv covi SyuwK wb‡qB Kªwjs K‡i
weÖ‡Ri wbP w`‡q GKUy GKUy K‡i fvUviv ‡cŠuQvB|'
'fvUviv evRv‡i ZLb GKwU Pv‡qi ‡`vKv‡b mn‡hvMx wZbRb
Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQj| ‡÷bMvb Kv‡ua ‡mB cÖ_g
MÖv‡gi gvbyl Avgv‡K ‡`‡L| Gi Av‡M Zviv KvbvNylvq
ï‡bwQj, Avwg ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ| wKš‘ ‡KD wek¦vm K‡iwb| ZLb
Avgv‡K ‡`‡L f‡q mevB ‡`Š‡o cvjvq| Avwg kx‡Z Kvuc‡Z
Kvuc‡Z (ZLb A‡±vei gvm) ‡KvbiK‡g Av‡bvqvi fvB‡K
‡÷bMvb w`‡q ewj, Avgvi Lye kixi Lvivc jvM‡Q! Gici
Avwg Ávb nvivB|'
'Ávb wd‡i Av‡m iv‡Z Avgvi evwo‡Z| ‡`wL, evwoi ‡jvKRb
QvovI ReŸvi PvPv, kvRvnvb fvB Avi Av‡bvqvi fvB Avgv‡K
wN‡i Av‡Qb| Av‡bvqvi fvB e‡jb, GLv‡b _vKv wbivc`
bq| Avgiv bvivqYM‡Äi iƒcM‡Ä hvw”Q| ZywgI Avgv‡`i
m‡½ P‡jv| Avwg Zv‡`i ewj iIbv n‡q ‡h‡Z| Avwg ivZUyKy
GLv‡bB wekÖvg wb‡q ciw`b iƒcM‡Ä ‡cŠuQv‡ev|'
'ciw`b mKv‡j Nywg‡q AvwQ, Avgvi GK PvPv G‡m ej‡jb,
iv‡Z AvKvg K‡i G‡m GLbI ZyB evwo‡Z! ‡iwWI Le‡i
ej‡Q, ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb gviv ‡M‡Q| GLbB ZyB cvjv| ...Avwg
iƒcM‡Ä cvwj‡q hvB| ‡mLv‡b Avgv‡`i MÖ“‡ci Ab¨
mn‡hv×viv Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQ‡jb|'
*
Gevi Avwg GKUy Ad Uª¨v‡K hvB| Rvb‡Z PvB, 'Av”Qv
‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB, ¯^vaxbZvi 36 eQ‡iI ‡Zv ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡jv bv| Gi KviY Kx e‡j g‡b nq?'
‡gvRv‡¤§j nK e‡jb, 'AZx‡Z ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv ‡Kv‡bv bv
‡Kv‡bv ¯^v‡_©i Kvi‡Y RvgvqvZmn ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vci-
vax‡`i jvjb-cvjb K‡i‡Q| Zviv ¶gZvi ‡jv‡f N…Y¨ GB
me Pig Acivax‡`i m‡½ Av‡cvl K‡i‡Q|'
'Avcwb Kx g‡b K‡ib, `j wbi‡c¶ GB ‡mbv mgw_©Z
ZË¡veavqK miKvi ‡h GLb ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i
wePv‡ii K_v ej‡Q, GB `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`iB ‡bIqv DwPr?'
'Aek¨B| me‡`‡k miKvi c¶B ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwqZ¡ ‡bq| GB miKvi `yb©xwZ I
Acivax‡`i wei“‡× ‡Rnv` ‡NvlYv K‡i GiB g‡a¨ mybvg
Kywo‡q‡Qb| GLb Zv‡`i DwPZ n‡e e³…ZvevRxi evB‡i Pig
Acivax wn‡m‡e ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii
KvRUv Aš—Z ïi“ Kiv| bB‡j Avgiv a‡i ‡b‡ev, AZx‡Zi
miKvi¸‡jvi g‡Zv `jwbi‡c¶ GB ZË¡vaevqK miKv‡iiI
‡Kv‡bv ‡K‡bv ¯^v_© i‡q‡Q; ZvivI Av‡cvlKvgx| G ‡¶‡Î
AZx‡Zi miKvi¸‡jvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i ‡Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ _vK‡e
bv|'
Zvi Kv‡Q gyw³hy‡× knx` mn‡hv×v‡`i K_v Rvb‡Z PvB|
‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB e‡jb, '16 wW‡m¤^i ‡`k
¯^vaxb n‡jI wgicy‡i wenvix‡`i Kv‡Q cÖPyi A¯¿
wQj| Zviv ZLbI A¯¿ mgc©Y K‡iwb| wenvix‡`i
civwRZ Ki‡Z ‡m mgq GKvwaK hy× nq| Avwg wb‡RI
GiKg K‡qKwU hy‡× Ask ‡bB| gyw³‡hv×v Rwni“Ïxb Xvwj
I w`j ‡gvnv¤§` Xvwj GKwU cÖvB‡fU Kvi wb‡q wgicy‡i
‡XvKvi ‡Póvi Ki‡j `yB w`K ‡_‡K wenvixiv ¸wj K‡i Zv‡`i
Lyb K‡i| mn‡hv×v‡`i Ggb Ki“Y g…Z¨~i Le‡i Avwg wb‡RB
Zv‡`i jvk wb‡q Avmvi Rb¨ Acv‡ikb PvjvB| ‡`wL,
¸wj‡Z SvuSov nIqv Mvwoi ‡fZ‡i Zv‡`i `yRb i³v³
Ae¯’vq g‡i c‡o Av‡Qb| ZxeÖ AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L Zv‡`i jvk
Avi wb‡q Avm‡Z cvwiwb| wKš‘ me mg‡qB Zv‡`i K_v g‡b
c‡o|'...
'Avi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡Zv ‡KD wVKfv‡e g~j¨vqbB K‡iwb' e‡j
‡¶vf cÖKvk K‡ib wZwb, 'mviv‡`‡kB me gyw³‡hv×vivB
Ae‡nwjZ| Avi GLb meLv‡bB ivRvKvi, Avje`i, Avj
kvg‡mi RqRqvKvi| ...hLb cwÎKvq cwo, gyw³‡hv×v wiKkv
Pvjvb, wf‡¶ K‡ib, ZLb g‡b nq, GB iKg evsjv‡`k ‡Zv
Avgiv PvBwb| ...GKw`‡K UvKvi cvnvo M‡o DV‡Q,
Av‡iKw`‡b gvbyl Afv‡e, Abvnv‡i, Acywó Avi Awk¶vq ayu‡K
ayu‡K gi‡Q|...Avgv‡`i `vwe, Lye mvgvb¨Ñ gyw³‡hv×v I knx`
cwievi¸‡jv‡K ‡h‡bv ivóÖ b~¨bZg mb¥vb ‡`q| wKš‘ MZ 36
eQ‡i ‡Kv‡bv miKviB GB KvR K‡iwb|'
'gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `yive¯’v ‡`‡L, GLb gv‡S gv‡S wb‡R‡K cÖkœ
Kwi, Zvn‡j wK GKvˇi Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ? MZ AvIqvgx
jxM miKv‡ii Avg‡j RwgRgv msKªvš— 50 wU wg‡_¨ gvgjvq
Avgv‡K nqivwb Kiv nq| Gi g‡a¨ 8wU gvgjvq Avgv‡K
‡MÖßvi ‡`wL‡q `ygvm ‡Rj LvU‡Z nq| A_P Avwg GKRb
exi cÖZxK, BDwc ‡Pqvig¨vb| Zvn‡j mviv †`‡k Ab¨
mvaviY gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Kx Ae¯’v, Zv ‡Zv mn‡RB Aby‡gq|'
*
‡gvRv‡¤§j nK, exi cÖZx‡Ki m‡½ `xN© AvjvcPvwiZv ‡k‡l
Avwg hLb wd‡i AvmwQjvg, ZLb Ab¨ bvbvb K_v m‡½ Zvi
‡mB ‡kl K_vwUB evi evi gv_vi g‡a¨ NyicvK ‡L‡Z _v‡K, '
Zvn‡j wK GKvˇi Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ?'...
30 wW‡m¤^i 2007
117
m~wPcÎ |

1971 UÖv‡RwW : gyw³hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i HwZnvwmK `wjj

fv¯‹i ‡PŠayix

1971 mvj| ‡MÖ‡bW I ‡evgvi ÷ÖvMj| ¯^vaxbZvi gvm| `xN©

9 gv‡mi gyw³hy‡×i GKwU jvj mey‡Ri cZvKv| ‡mB
cZvKvwU Dov‡Z ‡mw`b gyw³i gv‡V IivI wQj| ejwQ
evsjv‡`‡ki (ZrKvjxb) ‡mvqv jvL Pv kÖwg‡Ki K_v| weªwUk
kvm‡bi cvjve`j, cvwK¯—vb UÖv‡RwW I 1971 mv‡ji
g…w³hy‡×i ga¨ w`‡q j¶ j¶ Pv kÖwg‡Ki cÖvY mg‡qi ‡mÖv‡Z
DrmM©xZ n‡q‡Q| gyw³hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i AvZ¥ûwZi cÖvq 3
hy‡M c`vc©Y| GB GKwesk kZvãxi weÁvb I cÖhyw³i hy‡MI
Pv kÖwgKiv i‡q ‡M‡Q ‡mKv‡jB|

gyw³hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i wKQy `wjjbvgv

GB hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i A‡bK ea¨f~wg iwPZ nq; jywÉZ nq
A‡bK gv-‡ev‡bi B¾Z| Pv kÖwgKiv nvwi‡qwQj Pv mgv‡Ri
AmsL¨ msMÖvgx I ‡hvM¨ ‡bZv‡K|
1971 mv‡ji 1 ‡g fvovDov Pv evMv‡bi cÖ‡ekgy‡L GKwU
Qovi cv‡o GKm‡½ S‡i c‡o 57 Rb Pv kÖwg‡Ki ZvRv
cÖvY| ‡mw`b wQj ïKªevi| ‡ejv cÖvq mv‡o 12Uvi w`‡K
cvKnvbv`vi evwnbxi 12wU GjGgwR GKm‡½ M‡R© D‡VwQj
mvwie×fv‡e `vuwo‡q _vKv Pv kÖwgK‡`i Ici| ‡mw`b cvK
nvbv`vi evwnbxi ¸wj‡Z knx` n‡qwQ‡jb wek¦gq nvRiv,
MsMv ev‰o, ‡fvgi Pvu`, Ag…Z nvRiv, ivgPiY ‡MŠo, Mwebv
‡MŠo, K…lòPiY nvRiv, iwebv ‡MŠo, nK nvRiv, eskx g…av,
wke ‡gvov, ‡gvsiv Zywoqvmn bvg bv Rvbv 57 Rb Pv kÖwgK|
GwcÖ‡ji ‡kl mßv‡n mvZMvuI (gvKix Qov) Pv evMv‡b Avcbv
AjwgKmn Av‡iv 6/7 Rb Pv kÖwgK cvK nvbv`vi evwnbxi
nv‡Z knx` n‡qwQ‡jb| 1971 mv‡j ZrKvjxb cvK nvbv`vi
evwnbx `xN© bq gvm hy× K‡i hLb eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQj civRqB
Zv‡`i mywbwðZ, ZLb ‡MvUv evOvwj RvwZ‡K cO&¸ K‡i
‡`Iqvi Rb¨ ïi“ n‡jv eyw×Rxex nZ¨v|
‡mB wb‡®úwlZ Kv‡jv _vev ‡_‡KI ‡invB cvqwb Pv kÖwgKiv|
Pv kÖwgK mgv‡Ri AMÖbvqK, wbcxwoZ wbh©vwZZ Pv kÖwgK‡`i
RvMÖZ Kivq hvi wQj AMÖYx f~wgKv, AvcmKvgx ‡bZ…‡Z¡i
wei“‡× whwb wQ‡jb we‡`Övnx exi, ‡mB ceb Kygvi ZvuwZ‡KI
cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx a‡i wb‡q hvq| Pviw`b ew›` ‡i‡L
AgvbweK wbh©vZb Pvjv‡bv nq Zvi Ici|
KvjxNvU Pv evMv‡bi wkeevox ew¯—i `vwkevox ‡_‡K a‡i wb‡q
hvq Zv‡K| Pv kÖwgK‡`i g‡a¨ ceb Kygvi ZvuwZ wQ‡jb cÖ_g
MÖøvRy‡qU| 1941 wLÖóve‡× ivRNvU Pv evMv‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib
wZwb| 1962 mv‡j g`b ‡gvnb K‡jR ‡_‡K wWwMÖ cvm K‡i
evMv‡b P‡j Av‡mb wZwb| 1971 mv‡j 4 wW‡m¤^i ‡fv‡i
cvKevwnbx wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i Zv‡K| kÖxg½j kn‡ii
Iqvc`v (ZrKvjxb) eZ©gvb cj¬x we`¨y‡Zi Kv‡Q GKwU Qovi
g‡a¨ ce‡bi jvk ‡d‡j ‡i‡L P‡j hvq cvKevwnbx| ivRNvU
Pv evMv‡bi cÂv‡qZ mfvcwZ emy ZvuwZ‡KI cvKevwnbx a‡i
wb‡q wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v K‡iwQj| gyw³hy‡× ‡`‡ki exi evOvwji
m‡½ Pv kÖwgKivI hy‡× Ask wb‡q ‡`k‡K kÎygy³ Ki‡jI
¯^vaxbZvi 36 eQi ciI Pv kÖwgKiv gy³ n‡Z cv‡iwb
AZ¨vPvi, AwePvi, kvmb I ‡kvl‡Yi hvuZvKj ‡_‡K|
gyw³hy‡× Ask wb‡q Rqx n‡jI wm›`yiLvb Pv evMv‡bi myaxi
`vk, ivRNvU Pv evMv‡bi ceb Lwoqv I ‡KRyix Qov Pv
evMv‡bi P›` KvUv‡ii g‡Zv exi gyw³‡hv×v Pv kÖwgKiv Rxeb
hy‡× AvR civwRZ| AvR ‡KDB Zv‡`i ‡LvuR ivL‡Qb bv|
QvÎ-RbZvi m‡½ ‡mw`b Pv kÖwgK‡`i i³I GKB ‡gvnbvq
wgwjZ n‡q AwR©Z n‡qwQj Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv| RvwZ
‡c‡qwQj jvj mey‡Ri cZvKv|
‡kvl‡Yi Aemvb NwU‡q GKwU myLx mg…×kvjx evsjv‡`k
Movi ¯^cœ wb‡q Pv kÖwgKiv gyw³hy‡× Ask wb‡qwQj| wKš‘
AvRI Pv kÖwgK Rb‡Mvôxi eÂbvi BwZnv‡mi Aemvb nqwb|
gyw³hy‡× Pv kÖwgK‡`i AvZ¥ûwZi cÖvq 3 hy‡M c`vc©Y| GB
GKwesk kZvãxi weÁvb I cÖhyw³i hy‡MI Pv kÖwgKiv i‡q
‡M‡Q ‡mKv‡jB| AvRI AZ¨vPvi I ‡kvl‡Yi PvKvq wcó Pv
kÖwgK‡`i Rxeb| AvR gyw³‡hv× Pv kÖwgK I hy×vnZ Pv
kÖwgK‡`i Rxebhvcb ‡`L‡j g‡b nq, nq‡Zv Rb¥B Zv‡`i
AvRb¥ cvc|
ZeyI gyw³hy‡×i DËvj w`b¸‡jv‡Z G‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbZvi
m‡½ Pv kÖwgKiv ‡h exi‡Z¡i I cÖZ¨‡qi `…p g‡bvej
‡`wL‡q‡Qb Zv Awe¯§iYxq n‡q _vK‡e Avgv‡`i mevi gv‡S|

118
m~wPcÎ |
‡m±i KgvÛvi ‡gRi Rwj‡ji ‡jLvq Lyjbvi AvZ¥mgc©Y
Awg ingvb wcqvj
‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms‡qi mv‡_ mv¶vZ Kijvg| wZwb Aaxi
AvMÖ‡n A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb| ‡Kbbv, cÖavb ÷vd Awdmvi,
AvZ¥mgc©YKvix cvwK¯—vbx KgvÛvi‡`i wb‡q BwZg‡a¨B
iIqvbv n‡q‡Qb, GLbI G‡m ‡cŠuQvbwb| mgq AwZ
gš’iMwZ‡Z Pj‡Z jvMj| GK-GKwU gyn~Z© ‡hb GK-GKwU
NÈv| wgÎ evwnbxi 9 bs wWwfk‡bi ÷vd Awdmvi K‡Y©j
‡`kcv‡Û ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms‡K ej‡jb, Ôwe‡MÖwWqvi nvqvZ
Lvb I Zvi mv‡_i mvZRb ‡j. K‡Y©j G‡m ‡cŠu‡Q ‡M‡Qb|Õ
D‡ËRbvi Pig gyn~Z©| ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms M¤¢xi ¯^‡i ûKyg
w`‡jb, ÔI‡`i GLv‡b wb‡q Avmyb|Õ Avgiv ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi
wewìs‡qi Qv‡` wQjvg| wb‡P ZvKv‡ZB ‡`Ljvg mvsNvwZK
Ae¯’v| fviZxq mvgwiK evwnbxi d‡UvMÖvdviiv GZw`b a‡i
Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡c¶v KiwQj hv‡`i Qwe ‡Zvjvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
mvg‡b ‡c‡q mgv‡b K¨v‡givi d¬vk R¡vwj‡q Qwe Zyj‡Q|
hv‡nvK, cvwK¯—vbx KgvÛvi‡`i wb‡q Avmv n‡jv| Avwg
Pviw`‡K ZvKvw”Qjvg- I‡`i ‡fZi Avgvi ‡Pbv‡kvbv ‡KD
Av‡Q wKbv| n¨v, I‡`i ‡fZi Avgvi ‡Pbv `yRb wQj|
GKR‡bi bvg ‡j. K‡Y©j BgwZqvR fqv‡qP| cvwK¯—vb
wgwjUvwi GKv‡Wwg‡Z hLb Avwg K¨v‡WU wQjvg ZLb ILv‡b
wZwb K¨v‡Þb wQ‡jb| AciRb ‡j. K‡Y©j kvgm| Zvi mv‡_
Avgvi Rvbv‡kvbv wQj| we‡MÖwWqvi nvqvZ‡KI GKevi wK
`yevi cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b ‡`‡LwQ| ZLb Zv‡`i g‡b n‡Zv Lye
f`Ö, webqx| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k ZvivB Af`Ö, A‡hvM¨ cÖgvwYZ
n‡q‡Q| em‡Z Zv‡`i ‡Pqvi ‡`qv n‡jv| ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi
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I wewR‡Zi ‡Kv‡bv mvgÄm¨ ivL‡jb bv| Pv-cv‡b Avc¨vwqZ
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GLbB P‡j hvI Ges ‰mb¨‡`i ûKyg ïwb‡q `vI, ‡h ‡hLv‡b ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡jv|
Av‡Q ‡mLv‡bB A¯¿ mseiY Ki‡Z| I‡`i e‡j `vI Avgiv
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wØZxq gnvhy‡× AvZ¥mgc©YKvix BZvwjqvb ‰mb¨‡`i g‡Zv cZvKv| cÖwZwU bvix-cyi“l I wkïi nv‡ZB evsjv‡`‡ki
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Lyjbv kn‡ii ‡fZi XyKjvg| ‡mLv‡b weÖ‡MwWqvi nvqvZ w`jvg| mevi gy‡LB nvwm| wkMwMiB Avgiv mvwK©U nvD‡R
Lv‡bi ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i ‡Mjvg| Pviw`K kvš—, wbie| wgÎevwn- ‡cŠuQjvg| Avgv‡`i gyw³‡hv×viv `‡j `‡j Gw`‡K Avm‡Z
bxi GKRb weÖ‡MwWqv‡ii ZË¡veav‡b AvZ¥mgc©YKvix ‰mb¨`j jvMj| mvwK©U nvD‡Ri Dc‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv ‡kvfv
gvP© K‡i GwM‡q G‡jv| ‡Pqv‡i e‡m weÖ‡MwWqvi nvqvZ Lvb cv‡”Q| eyKUv dy‡j DVj| mgybœZ cZvKvi w`‡K GK `…wó‡Z
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‡klev‡ii g‡Zv GK Kvc Pv w`‡q Avc¨vqb Kiv Qvov i‡q‡Q Ges mevB mvg‡b Avmvi Rb¨ cÖvYcY ‡Póv Ki‡Q|
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‡h cvwK¯—vbx hy×e›`xiv wbixn evOvjx‡`i Dci GZw`b
Ôg…Z c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi e`‡j evsjv‡`k ej‡eb wK?Õ Avwg G AgvbywlK wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i GKbRi ‡`Lvi Rb¨
K_v ej‡ZB weÖ‡MwWqvi nvqvZ Amnv‡qi g‡Zv Avgvi w`‡K RbZv evuafvOv ‡mÖv‡Zi g‡Zv Qy‡U Avm‡Z PvBj| RbZvi
‡P‡q iB‡jb| Dcvqš—i bv ‡`‡L wbZvš— Awb”Qv m‡Ë¡I wZwb Am¤¢e wfo wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wb‡qvM Kiv
Zvi fyj ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡jb| Pv ‡L‡q Avgiv mevB Lyjbv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ RbZvi Pvc GZ ‡ewk ‡h gyw³‡hv×viv wKQy‡ZB
mvwK©U nvD‡R hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ njvg| GB hvÎvUv LyeB mvgjv‡Z cvi‡Q bv| mvwK©U nvD‡Ri `iRvq bvg‡ZB GZ
Avb›`Ki| Avgiv Lyjbv mvwK©U nvD‡Ri KvQvKvwQ Avm‡ZB wf‡oi g‡a¨ wcó n‡Z n‡Z RbZv Avgv‡`i ‡`Lvi Rb¨
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cÖvYcb ‡Póv Ki‡Z jvMj| ‡KD Avb‡›` nvZZvwj
‡`q, ‡KD Mjv dvwU‡q wPZKvi K‡i, ‡KDev cvM‡ji
g‡Zv Qy‡U G‡m Pygy Lvq| wK Ac~e© `…k¨| gvbeZvi
wK gnvb ewntcÖKvk! me nvivevi `ywe©ln R¡vjv fy‡j
wM‡q bZyb w`‡bi m~h¨©‡K KZ Avcb K‡i wb‡Z Pvq|
gnvgvb‡ei Zx_© mwj‡j AeMvnb K‡i Ae‡nwjZ
RbZv AvR ‡h bZyb cÖv‡Yi mÜvb ‡c‡q Rxeš— n‡q
D‡V‡Q| cÖwZwU wRwbm AvR I‡`i wbR¯^| BwZg‡a¨B
GKUv ‡nwjKÞvi ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms‡K wb‡q mvwK©U
nvD‡Ri gv‡V AeZib Kij| j¤^v, DbœZ ‡Pnvivi
AwaKvix `jexi mvwK©U nvDR ch©š— ‡n‡U Avm‡jb
Ges AvZ¥mgc©Y c‡eiÖ LywUbvwU welq wVK bv Kiv
ch©š— A‡c¶v Ki‡jb| meyR Nv‡mi Dci jvj Kv‡c©U
weQv‡bv| Zvi Dci GKwU ‡Uwej I GKwU ‡Pqvi|
HwZnvwmK gyn~Z©wU mgvMZ| mywkw¶Z AvU nvRvi
cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ I Zv‡`i KgvÛvi‡`i AvZ¥mgc©Y|
‡h `vw¤¢K cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv wnsmÖ KyKy‡ii g‡Zv ‡ND
‡ND Ki‡Zv Zviv AvR wbixn ‡glkve‡Ki g‡Zv
AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡jv| ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms ‡Pqv‡i
Dcweó| we‡MÖwWqvi nvqvZ Lvb Zvi mv‡_i AvURb
K‡Y©j wb‡q gvP© K‡i Zvi mvg‡b G‡m _vg‡jb|
cvwK¯—vbx KgvÛviiv hLb mvwK©U nvDR ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q
gvP© K‡i hvw”Qj, ZLb evB‡i A‡c¶gvb nvRvi
nvRvi ‡jvK Avb‡›` ‡d‡U coj| ‡KD nvZZvwj
‡`q, ‡KD ev wkm ‡`q| M¬vwbKi civRq! KZ eo
kvw¯—g~jK Abyôvb! ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms‡qi cv‡k
`vuwo‡q ‡`Ljvg AvZ¥mgc©YKvix mevB `vuwo‡q Av‡Q|
Abyôvb LyeB mv`vwmav| ‡Rbv‡ij `jexi wms
AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi `wjj cvV Ki‡jb Ges cvKevwnbxi
civwRZ KgvÛvi weÖ‡MwWqvi nvqvZ Lvb gv_v byB‡q
Kw¤úZ nv‡Z `wj‡j mv¶i w`‡jb| Gici
weÖ‡MwWqvi nvqvZ Lvb I Zvi m½x Awdmviiv mvgwiK
wbq‡g ‡Kvg‡ii ‡eë Ly‡j wgÎ evwnbxi Kv‡Q Ac©Y
Ki‡jb| G mgq mg¯— d‡UvMÖvdvi d‡Uv ‡bqvi Rb¨
D‡V c‡o ‡j‡M ‡M‡jb| ‡`‡L g‡b n‡jv ‡hb GKUv
we‡qi ce©| DaŸ©Zb mvgwiK Awdmvi‡`i c‡¶ G
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AZ¨š— AcgvbRbK civRq!
Rwibv cvMjxi Mí
gvneye mygb
NUbvUv 2 hyM Av‡Mi| eqm K‡ZvBev ZLb?
nvdc¨v›U cov, mvB‡K‡j nvd-c¨v‡Wj Pvjv‡bv
eqm| wU‡bi Pvj ‡`qv ‡QvÆ ‡h evwoUvq _vKZvg,
Zvi wVK cv‡kB wQ‡jv Aa©mgvß GKUv evwo| iv‡Z
gv‡Sgv‡SB ‡mLv‡b GK cvMjx‡K ‡`LZvg| RUjv
cvKv‡bv wekvj Pyj| GLvb-ILvb †_‡K ‡hvMvo
Kiv b¨vKov w`‡q evbv‡bv wK¤¢~rwKgvKvi ‡cvkvK|
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Rvb‡Zv| nq‡Zv GLvb-ILvb †_‡K Quy‡o ‡`qv
Lvev‡i Rxeb evuP‡Zv Zvi| gv e‡jwQ‡jv Kv‡Q bv
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Av‡m!
bvn& , Rwibv cvMjx KvD‡K gv‡iwb| GKw`b ‡m
wb‡RB gviv wM‡qwQ‡jv| f`Ö‡jv‡Kiv ‡hfv‡e
wbwð‡š— wb‡Ri weQvbvq gviv hvq ‡mfv‡e bq, iv¯—
vi av‡i KyKyi ‡eovj ‡hfv‡e gviv hvq wVK
‡mfv‡e| RvbvRv n‡q‡Q wKbv ‡mUvI Rvwb bv|
nq‡Zv ‡KD m`q n‡q ‡Mvi¯’v‡b Kei w`‡qwQ‡jv,
nq‡Zv k¥kv‡b cywo‡qB ‡d‡jwQ‡jv| ‡K Rv‡b!
nvRvi n‡jI gvbylvK…wZi GK cÖvYx ‡h! Rwibvi
Avmj bvg Rvbv nqwb, RvbvI n‡eI bv
‡Kv‡bvw`b| Kx `iKvi?
‡QvU‡ejv ‡_‡KB wUwf‡Z-‡iwWI‡Z-gv‡V gq`v‡b `y ‡eva KiwQ bv| G‡`i fy‡j ‡h‡Z nq| KweZv ‡jLv hvq
jvL gv-‡ev‡bi B¾‡Zi wewbg‡q AwR©Z ¯^vaxbZv, wÎk j¶ G‡`i wb‡q, wKš‘ mgv‡R MÖnY Kiv hvq bv|
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ïbwQ| gyw³hy× ‡k‡l e½eÜy ‡kL gywRe G `y jvL gv- GKRb|
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fv‡jvB jv‡M, GZUyKyB| gv‡S gv‡S ‡Zv exiv½bv‡`i K_v GUv ‡Kv‡bv Mí bv| Avav mZ¨ ‡gkv‡bv GKwU Kvwnbx| kn‡ii
‡P‡c ‡h‡ZB fv‡jvevwm Avgiv| gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm wjLwQ, A‡b‡KB Rvb‡Zb Rwibvi K_v| mevB ‡P‡c ‡h‡Zb, Avevi
cowQ , `y jvL gv ‡ev‡bi B¾‡Zi wewbg‡q ¯^vaxbZv e‡j A‡b‡K Rvb‡ZbB bv Iui K_v| ¯^vaxbZvi GB gvbyl¸‡jv
gvV Mig KiwQ, wKš‘ GB gv-‡evb‡`i Lei ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb Gfv‡eB A‡Pbv, Dn¨ i‡q hvq BwZnvm †_‡K| wKQyB ejvi ‡bB|
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m~wPcÎ |
GKvˇi UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi wZbwU Av‡jvwPZ cÖwZ‡e`b
wgivRyi ingvb
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hyׇK `gvevi Rb¨ cvK evwnbxi wbwe©Pvi
i³cvZ hLb evsjvi gvby‡li ¯^vaxbZvi A`g¨ AvKvsLv‡K
`gv‡Z cvi‡jv bv ZLb cwðg cvwK¯—vbx kvmK‡Mvôx cvwK¯—
v‡b mvgwiK Av`vj‡Z e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi wePv‡ii
bv‡g cÖnmb ïi“ K‡i|
Mujib's Secret Trial
cÖvmw½K e¨vcvi¸‡jv‡K mvg‡b wb‡q Av‡m UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi
23 AvM÷ 1971 G Mujib's Secret Trial kxl©K wi‡cvU©wU|
e½eÜyi wePv‡ii cÖwKªqvwU ‡h evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li
cÖwZ‡iva‡K Av‡iv ZxeÖZi Ki‡e ‡mB mnR mZ¨wU‡K UvBg
Zy‡j a‡i Gfv‡eÑ
"Our people will react violently to this," a member
of the Bengali liberation underground whispered to
TIME Correspondent David Greenway in Dacca last
week. The warning proved all too true. Sheik
Mujibur ("Mujib") Rahman, 51, fiery leader of East
Pakistan and the man who may hold the key to
ending the bloody five-month-old civil war, had just
gone on trial for his life before a secret military
court in West Pakistan, more than 1,500 miles
away. Late that same afternoon, a bomb exploded
in the lobby of Dacca's Intercontinental Hotel.
The timing of the bombing tends to confirm that
Mujib's trial will further stiffen Bengali resistance to
the occupying West Pakistani army. If there are any
chances of a political settlement —and they seem
almost nonexistent—imposition of the death penalty
could dash them.
cÖnm‡bi G wePv‡ii c~e©wba©vwiZ kvw¯—i e¨vcviwU UvBg ¯úó
K‡i D‡j¬L K‡i Zv‡`i wi‡cv‡U©| Z‡e GB cy‡iv cÖwKªqvq
Bqvwnqv miKv‡ii gwiqv e¨vcviwU‡KB Zy‡j a‡i|
There is little doubt that Mujib will be convicted of
the undefined charges of "waging war against
Pakistan and other offenses." When he was arrest-
ed last March 26, hours after the army crackdown,
Yahya publicly branded him a traitor and hinted that
he "might not live." Observed one Western diplomat
last week: "You know how hot the Punjabi plains
are this time of year. You might say Mujib has a
snowball's chance of acquittal."
Though everything about the trial is shrouded in
secrecy, it was learned last week that the proceed-
ings are being held in a new, one-story red-brick jail
in the textile city of Lyallpur, 150 miles south of
Rawalpindi. Islamabad sources claim that the strict
secrecy is necessary to prevent Bengali rebels from
trying to rescue Mujib. More likely it is because
Yahya is unwilling to give Mujib a public platform.
c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ av‡c ‡kL
gywReyi ingv‡bi f~wgKv, Zvi wei“‡× cwiPvjbv Kiv Ab¨vb¨
gvgjv wb‡qI Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q wi‡cvU©wU‡Z| Z‡e
wi‡cvU© ‡h e¨vcviwU‡K wb‡q Ges wi‡cv‡U©i ‡k‡l UvBg
‡hfv‡e conclusion Uvbvi ‡Póv K‡i‡Q ‡mwU wb‡q weZK©
Av‡Q | e½eÜy ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi avivevwnKZvq ¯^vaxbZv
‡P‡qwQ‡jb bvwK ïaygvÎB ¯^vqËkvm‡b mš‘ó wQ‡jb, GB
e¨vcviwU gyw³hy‡×i mgqKv‡j GKwU Av‡jvPbvi welq wQj|
Z‡e gyw³hy‡×i ev¯—eZv ‡mB Av‡jvPbv‡K AcÖvmw½K K‡i
e½eÜy ‡kL gywRe‡K evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi KÚ¯^‡i
cwiYZ K‡i|
Though Mujib is accused of advocating secession
for East Pakistan, the fact is that he did not want a
total split-up of Pakistan and never declared inde-
pendence until it was done in his name after the
bloodbath began. To keep his young militants in
line, he spoke of "emancipation" and "freedom."
"But there is no question of secession," Mujib often
said. "We only want our due share. Besides, East
Pakistanis are in a majority, and it is ridiculous to
think that the majority would secede from the
minority."
UvBg Gi g~j wi‡cvU©wU cv‡eb GLv‡b
http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,877251,00.html
The Most Fearful Consequence
gyw³hy‡×i mgq fvi‡Z AvkÖq ‡bqv kiYv_©x mgm¨v
‡gvKv‡ejvq fvi‡Zi ivRbxwZwe`‡`i ga¨Kvi wPš—vfvebv,
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ m¤¢ve¨ GKwU hy‡×i cÖwZwKªqv,
gyw³hy‡×i ivR‰bwZK mgvavb, ‡mB mv‡_ ‡mB mg‡q mwKªq
bKkvj Av‡›`vj‡bi c~e© evsjv (c~e©-cvwK¯—vb) Ges cwðg
evsjv‡K GKÎxKi‡Yi ‡¶‡Î ‡Mwijv Av‡›`vj‡bi e¨vcv‡i
fviZ miKv‡ii mZK©Zv GB e¨vcvi¸wj D‡V G‡m‡Q 1971
mv‡ji 5B RyjvB cÖKvwkZ UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi GB
wi‡cvU©wU‡Z|
In the long run, the Indians fear that they could be
faced on their eastern border with an even more
threatening force than the Pakistan army. There is
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m~wPcÎ |
a real danger that leadership of the guerrilla move-
ment in East Pakistan could pass from the shat-
tered Awami League into the hands of the
Naxalites, the ideological cousins of the Maoist
extremists who have terrorized Calcutta and other
pockets of eastern India. What the Indians fear is
an attempt to reunite India's West Bengal with
Pakistan's East Bengal, which have strong cultural
and linguistic ties that could some day transcend
the religious differences.
A tough young East Pakistani who calls himself a
Naxalite told TIME Correspondent James
Shepherd: "For the moment, the common enemy
[of both the Awami League and the East Bengali
Naxalites] is the Pakistan army. The arms that India
gives the Awami League will find their way to the
Naxalites, and eventually we will fight not only the
army but also the bourgeoisie and the feudal ele-
ments." Contemptuous of democratic processes,
the Naxalite said scornfully: "Now the Awami
League cadres are seeing the truth of the saying
that political power grows out of the barrel of a
gun."
wi‡cvU© ‡_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq ‡h fviZ miKvi 1970 mv‡ji
wbe©vP‡bi djvd‡ji ‡cÖw¶‡Z cwðg I c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨
GKwU ivR‰bwZK mgvav‡bi w`‡KB ‡ekx AvMÖnx wQj ‡h
‡¶‡Î g~j evav wQ‡jb Bqvwnqv Lvb | ZLb ch©š—
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡¶‡Î fvi‡Zi Ae¯’vb ¯úó wQj bv |
UvBg Gi g~j wi‡cvU©wU cv‡eb GLv‡b
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Raise Your Hands and Join Me
1971 mv‡j 25 ‡k gv‡P©i fqven MYnZ¨vi ci cvwK¯—vbx
nvbv`vi evwnbx hLb e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K ‡MÖdZvi
K‡i wb‡q hvq ZLb ‡mB mg‡qi KÚ¯^‡i cwiYZ e½eÜy‡K
wb‡q 5 GwcÖj 1971 cÖfvekvjx UvBg g¨vMvwR‡b cÖKvwkZ
GKwU wi‡cv‡U©i wk‡ivbvg GwU | 1970 Gi wbe©vP‡bi
cÖv°v‡j e½eÜyi ¯úó D”PviY "If the polls bring us frus-
tration, we will owe it to the million who have died
in the cyclone to make the supreme sacrifice of
another million lives, if need be, so that we can live
as free people." ‡K Zy‡j aiv GB wi‡cvU©wU‡Z e½eÜyi
weªwUk Avgj ‡_‡K evOvwji AwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi msMÖv‡g
AskMÖn‡Yi K_v Lye Aí K_vq wKš‘ kw³kvjx fvlvq eY©bv
Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Gray-haired, stocky and tall for a
Bengali (6 ft.), the bespectacled Mujib
always wears a loose white shirt with a
black, sleeveless, vestlike jacket. A
moody man, he tends to scold Bengalis
like so many children. He was born in the
East Bengal village of Tongipara 51 years
ago to a middle-class landowner (his
landlord status accounts for the title of
sheik). Mujib studied liberal arts at
Calcutta's Islamia College and law at
Dacca University. He lives with his wife
Fazil-itunessa, three sons and two
daughters in a modest two-story house in
Dacca's well-to-do Dhanmandi section.
Except for a brief stint as an insurance
salesman, he has devoted most of his
time to politics. First he opposed British
rule in India. After the subcontinent's par-
tition in 1947, he denounced West
Pakistan's dominance of East Pakistan
with every bit as much vehemence.
"Brothers," he would say to his Bengali
followers, "do you know that the streets
of Karachi are lined with gold? Do you
want to take back that gold? Then raise
your hands and join me." He was first
jailed in 1948, when he demonstrated
against Pakistan Founder Mohammed Ali
Jinnah for proclaiming Urdu the new nation's lingua
franca.
GB wi‡cvU©wU e½eÜyi ‡MÖdZvi Ges ZrKvjxb c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡b
Pjgvb gyw³hy× m¤ú‡K© wek¦evmx‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i |
g~j wi‡cvU©wU coyb UvBg ‡_‡K
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m~wPcÎ |
we‡`kx msev`c‡Îi wZbwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖwZ‡e`b
Zxi›`vR
UvBg g¨vMvwRb : 25 A‡±vei 1971
cywo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i evwoNi,
nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q A¸YwZ gvbyl‡K...
hw`I Bmjvgvev` Zv‡`i evwnbx‡K mvaviY ev½vjx‡`i Ici
Pvc Kgv‡bvi Av‡`k w`‡q‡Q, ZviciI cÖwZw`b M‡o wZwik
nvRvi kiYv_©x wewfbœ c‡_ fvi‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Q| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q
Rvbv hvq ‡h, cywo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i evwoNi, nZ¨v Kiv
n‡”Q A¸YwZ gvbyl‡K wbwe©ev‡`| we‡kl we‡kl L¨vZbvgv
‡jvK‡`i a‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q, hviv AvR Aewa wb‡LuvR|
‰mb¨‡`i ee©iZvi Av‡iKwU cÖgvY n‡”Q, XvKv wWsMx (‡jLv
n‡q‡Q wWsMx, Avgvi aviYv U½x n‡e) K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U 563 Rb
ev½vjx bvix‡`i AvU‡K ivLv| hy‡×i cÖ_g w`b ‡_‡KB Zviv
‡mLv‡b e›`x| wek¦we`¨vjq I wewfbœ AvevwmK GjvKv ‡_‡K
a‡i Avbv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i| G‡`i‡K al©Y Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
mevB wZb ‡_‡K cvuP gv‡mi Aš—tmË¡v| G‡`i Mf©cvZ
Kiv‡bvI GLb Avi m¤¢e bq| GB Aš—tmË¡v bvix‡`i
A‡bK‡K GB Ae¯’v‡ZB ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv n‡”Q|
Kv‡iv c‡¶B ejv m¤¢e bq, KZ gvbyl GB M…nhy‡× wbnZ
n‡q‡Qb| KivPxi GKwU m~Î, hvi Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi wgwjUvix
Rvš—vi mv‡_ Nwbô ‡hvMv‡hvM, Rwb‡q‡Qb, g…‡Zi msL¨v
Kgc‡¶ GK wgwjq‡bi (10 j¶) g‡Zv n‡e| gyw³evwnbxi
Ae¯’vb Kiv GjvKvi Av‡kcv‡ki MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z cvwK¯—vb
‰mb¨‡`i nZ¨vRÁ I aŸsmjxjv GLb cÖwZw`‡biB i“wUb|
wbD BqK© UvBgm : 18 Rvbyqvwi 1972
200000 evsjv‡`kx gwnjv cwK¯—vbx
ˆmb¨‡`i Øviv awl©Z n‡q‡Qb...
wLª÷vb wMR©v ms¯’v cwiPvwjZ GKRb wiwjd Kg©KZ©v Rvbvb
‡h, cÖvq ‡h 200000 evsjv‡`kx gwnjv cwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨‡`i
Øviv awl©Z n‡q‡Qb I Zviv mgv‡R cybe©vm‡bi ‡Kvb c_ Lyu‡R
cv‡”Qb bv|
wLª÷vb wMR©vi ms¯’v wiwjd ‡mvmvBwUi Gwkqvb A‡ji
Kg©KZ©v ‡ifv‡iÛ ‡Kbv‡Îv eygv GK mv¶vZKv‡i Rvbvb ‡h,
mvgvwRK wbq‡gi Kvi‡YB ‡Kvb gymjgvb ¯¿x‡K wdwi‡q wb‡Z
Pvb bv, hw` Zvi ¯¿x Ab¨ ‡Kvb cyi“‡li nv‡Z ¯úwk©Z
(G‡¶‡Î al©Y) nb| hw` ¯¿xi Dci ‡Rvi LvUv‡bv nq,
Zvn‡jI GKB wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨|
evsjv‡`‡ki `vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©Pvixiv GB aviv‡K `~i Kivi R‡b¨
me©vZ¥K ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb wg. eygv| Zviv
GB gwnjv‡`i ¯^vgx‡`i exiv½bvi m¤§vb w`‡q wdwi‡q ‡bevi
Aby‡iva Rvwb‡q‡Qb| ‡KD ‡KD Zv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i wd‡i
wb‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Zv‡`i msL¨v wbZvš—B Kg|
my`~icÖmvix cwiKíbvq GB gwnjv‡`i mvnvh¨ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
wLª÷vb MxR©vi ms¯’v mvg‡bi mßv‡n Avevi Av‡jvPbvq emvi
cwiKíbv K‡i‡Q|
mygv g¨vMvwRb : A‡±vei 1972
26 gv‡P©i iv‡ZB XvKvq 50 nvRvi
‡jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq...
bvRx‡`i Bûw` wbab, bvMvmvwK‡Z GUg ‡evgvi aŸsmhÁ,
wf‡qZbv‡g bvcvg †evgvi ‰ckvwPK nvgjv- Gme n‡”Q
gvbeRvwZi BwZnv‡m me‡P‡q KjsKRbK Aa¨vq| wKš‘ mviv
c…w_exi mvsevw`K‡`i Aj‡¶¨ N‡U hv‡”Q Av‡iKwU eo
MYnZ¨v| GeviI Gwkqv‡ZB| j¶ j¶ mvaviY gvby‡li
Rxeb I m¤^j GB MYnZ¨vi gy‡LvgywL|
cvuP gvm Av‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vbxiv Zv‡`iB fvB cwðg cvwK¯—
vbx‡`i Øviv AvÎvš— nq| nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv
n‡”Q wbwe©ev‡`, awl©Z n‡”Q bvixiv| K‡jiv I Abvnv‡i gviv
hv‡”Qb nvRvi nvRvi wkï I e…×| G ch©š— cÖvq AvU wgwjqb
gvbyl cÖwZ‡ekx ‡`k fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q| G
ch©š— GUv c…w_exi me‡P‡q eo kiYv_©x m¼U|
cwiw¯’wZ ‡h KZUv fqven, Zvi cÖgvY XvKv kni| 26 gv‡P©i
iv‡ZB XvKvq 50 nvRvi ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| G ch©š—
me©‡gvU g…‡Zi msL¨v 10 j‡¶iI ‡ewk| M‡o cÖwZw`b wZwik
nvRvi gvbyl AvkÖq LyuR‡Q cÖwZ‡ekx ‡`k fvi‡Z|
KvivKvm
123
m~wPcÎ |
we‡`kx cwÎKvi wi‡cv‡U© GKvˇii b„ksmZv
Aveyj evnvi
1971 mv‡j evOvwj RbM‡Yi wei“‡× cvwK¯—vwb `Lj`vi
evwnbx ‡h MYnZ¨v I b…ksmZv Pvwj‡q‡Q, Avš—R©vwZK
cÎcwÎKvq Gi AKvU¨ cÖgvY i‡q‡Q|
AmsL¨ wbi‡c¶ I we‡`kx ch©‡e¶‡Ki wee…wZ ‡_‡KI
cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx I Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmi‡`i wei“‡×
MYnZ¨v, gvbeZvi wei“‡× Aciva, hy×vciva, cwiKwíZ
nZ¨vKvÛ, al©Y I AwMœms‡hv‡Mi AmsL¨ cÖgvY ‡g‡j|
`¨ UvBg‡m wcUvi n¨v‡Rjnv‡÷©i wi‡cvU©
jÛb, 2 Ryb 1971 : cÖvß Z‡_¨ wbwðZfv‡e cÖZxqgvb nq
‡h, 26 XvKvq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi Acv‡ikb wQj
mymsMwVZ cwiKíbvi Ask, hvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv
Awaevmx‡`i g‡a¨ AvZsK m…wó K‡i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi Kiv‡bv
| wbwðZfv‡e GUv cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii H `vwe‡K Amvi
cÖgvY K‡i, hv‡Z ejv n‡qwQ‡jv ‡h, cvKevwnbx ‡Kej
mk¯¿ cÖwZ‡iva M‡o ‡Zvjv we‡`Övnx‡`i DciB nvgjv
Pvwj‡q‡Q|
†WBwj ‡UwjMÖv‡d mvqgb wWÖs‡qi wi‡cvU©
jÛb, 30 gvP© 1971 : mvgwiK `gb Awfhv‡bi fqvenZv
h_vh_fv‡eB Abyaveb Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡iÑ QvÎiv Zv‡`i
weQvbvq g‡i c‡o i‡q‡Q, bvix I wkïiv Zv‡`i evwo‡Z
Rxeš— cy‡o `»...
UvBg g¨vMvwR‡b W¨vb ‡KwM‡bi wi‡cvU©
jÛb, 3 ‡g 1971 : GK e…×v Rygvi bvgvR‡K KviwdDi
PvB‡Z AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© g‡b K‡iwQ‡jb| Zv‡K gmwR‡`
cÖ‡ek Kivi mgq ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
wbDRDB‡K Uwb wK¬dU‡bi wi‡cvU©
2 AvM÷ 1971 : GUv g‡b n‡q‡Q ‡hb i“wUbgvwdK
Aby‡iva, nvjyqvNvU MÖv‡gi hyeK‡`i‡K R‡ov Kiv .... GK
cvKevwnbxi ‡gRi Zv‡`i Lei w`‡jb Zvi AvnZ
‰mb¨‡`i Rb¨ i‡³i cÖ‡qvRb| Zviv wK i³ w`‡Z
cvi‡e? hyeK‡`i ‡PŠwK‡Z ïB‡q Zv‡`i wkivq myuB XywK‡q
‡`qv nq Ges Av‡¯— Av‡¯— Zv‡`i ‡`n ‡_‡K me i³ ‡ei
K‡i ‡bIqv nq ‡h ch©š— bv Zviv g…Zz¨i ‡Kv‡j X‡j c‡o|
MvwW©qv‡b ‡if Rb ‡nw÷sm I ‡if Rb K¬vdv‡gi wi‡cvU©
jÛb, 27 ‡g 1971 : MÖvgevmx‡`i w`‡b ev iv‡Z ‡h ‡Kvb
mgq ‡NivI Kiv nq Ges AvZswKZ MÖvgevmxiv ‡h
‡hfv‡e cvi‡Zv cvwj‡q hvq, bv nq Zv‡`i ‡hLv‡b cvIqv
‡hZ nZ¨v Kiv n‡Zv| gwnjv‡`i al©Y Kiv n‡q‡Q,
‡g‡q‡`i a‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q e¨viv‡K| wbi¯¿
K…lK‡`i nvRv‡i nvRv‡i ‡g‡i ‡djv n‡q‡Q A_ev
‡e‡qv‡bU w`‡q LyuwP‡q LyuwP‡q AvnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi wi‡cvU©
25 A‡±vei 1971 : jovB ïi“ nIqvi cÖ_gw`KKvi
fqven NUbvi GKwUÑ 563 Rb evOvwj Zi“Yx, hv‡`i
g‡a¨ Kvi I KviI eqm wQj gvÎ 18 eQi, Zv‡`i‡K
XvKvi wWw½ wgwjUvwi K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui wfZ‡i ew›` K‡i ivLv
nq | G‡`i XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq Ges gvby‡li Nievwo ‡_‡K
Zy‡j wb‡q M‡o ‡Zvjv nq mvgwiK evwnbxi MwYKvjq|
G‡`i A‡b‡KB wQj wZb ‡_‡K cvuP gv‡mi Aš—tmË¡v|
wbDRDB‡Ki wi‡cvU©
3 Rvbyqvix 1972 : b…ksmZveûj MZ K‡qK gv‡mi aŸs-
mjxjv cywl‡q wb‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki ‡j‡M ‡h‡Z cv‡i eû
eQi| evOvwj‡K c`vbZ Kivi j¶¨ wb‡q cvwK¯—vwb evwn-
bx cÖwZwnsmv PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ ‡e‡Q wb‡q‡Q evOvwj
eyw×Rxwe mgvR‡K| gyw³hy‡×i ci Zviv Avwe¯‹vi K‡i eû
MYKei, hv‡Z cvIqv hvq 125 R‡biI ‡ewk me‡P‡q
cÖfvekvjx wPwKrmK, Aa¨vcK , mvwnwZ¨K, mvsevw`K,
AvBbRxexi g…Z‡`n|G‡`i mevB‡K ‡eu‡a ‡e‡qv‡bU w`‡q
LyuwP‡q k¦vmi“× K‡i A_ev ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|
m`¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki GK Kg©KZ©v e‡j‡Qb, cy‡iv
‡`kUvB MYKei| ‡K Rv‡b Zviv KZ gvbyl‡K nZ¨v
K‡i‡Q|
‡iv‡kbviv
gyw³hy‡×i GK wg_
Awg ingvb wcqvj
ï× D”Pvi‡Y iIkb AvivB nq| MÖvg-evsjvq
Zv ‡iv‡kbviv| 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy× Kv‡j GB
‡iv‡kbvivB wQj ‡Uև ‡Uև cÖwZwU
gyw³‡hv×vi GK Am¤¢e fv‡jvjvMv cÖZ¨‡qi
bvg| ‡iv‡kbviv‡K ‡evb ‡f‡e M‡e© eyK dy‡j
DVZ Zv‡`i| kiYv_©x wkwei¸‡jv‡ZI ZvB|
‡K GB ‡iv‡kbviv? ‡iv‡kbviv gyw³hy×Kv‡j
GB evsjvi cÖwZwU bvix| Avgv‡`iB ‡evb|
hy×Kv‡j ‡h cvëv AvNvZ‡KB ‡g‡b‡Q ‡kÖô
i¶Y e‡j| cÖvY ‡`‡ev B¾Z ‡`‡evbv|
‡iv‡kbviv AvZ¥NvZx nvgjv Pvwj‡qwQj
cvKnvbv`vi evwnbxi U¨v¼ en‡i| ey‡K gvBb
‡e‡a Svuwc‡q c‡owQj 'Rq evsjv' e‡j|
g…Z¨y‡K wbf©‡q Avwj½b Kiv ‡iv‡kbviv ‡mB
‡_‡K Kwei KweZvq, Mvq‡Ki Mv‡b, ‡hv×v‡`i
cÖv‡Y| ‡iv‡kbviv Kíbvi bvix, ZeyI Kíbv
bq| gyw³hy‡× evsjvi cÖwZwU bvixB wQ‡jb
‡iv‡kbviv|
‡iv‡kbviv‡K wb‡q Mvb I KweZv
ïbyb Bwmœc‡m
124
m~wPcÎ |
exfrm ‡hŠb wbh©vZb, wKš‘ Gwo‡q ‡M‡Qb mevB
GKvˇi Avgv‡`i bvix‡`i Ici cwiPvwjZ cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i ‡hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi aib K‡ZvUv
fqven, K‡ZvUv exfrm wQj- hy× PjvKv‡j G‡`k ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ ‡Kv‡bv ‰`wb‡K Zv cÖKvwkZ
nqwb| cÖKvwkZ nqwb we‡`kx msev` gva¨‡g cwi‡ewkZ evsjv‡`‡ki hy× msev‡`I|
16 wW‡m¤^i weRq AR©‡bi ci ‡_‡K RvZxq ‰`wbK¸‡jv‡Z cvwK¯—vwb‡`i bvix wbh©vZ‡bi ‡ek
wKQy msev` cÖKvwkZ n‡jI al©Y I Ab¨vb¨ ‡hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi aib, cÖK…wZ, kvixwiK, gvbwmK
cÖwZwKªqv¸‡jv wb‡q Lye KgB M‡elYv n‡q‡Q| Ò¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm wjLb I `wjj
cÖvgvY¨KiYÓ cÖK‡íi ZrKvjxb M‡elK, eZ©gv‡b Bs‡iwR ‰`wbK ‡WBwj ÷v‡ii wmwbqi
mnKvix m¤úv`K Avdmvb ‡PŠayix GRb¨ BwZnvm iPbvi mbvZbx `…wófw½‡K `vqx K‡i e‡j‡Qb,
‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm wjL‡b eiveiB mk¯¿ jovB, ¶gZvmxb cyi“l‡`i K…wZZ¡ MÖwš’Z Kivi
D‡`¨vM Pj‡Q, wKš‘ Z…Yg~j ch©v‡q jvL jvL bvix A¯¿ nv‡Z hy× bv K‡iI ‡hfv‡e hy‡×i
fqvenZvi wkKvi n‡q‡Q, mbvZbx gvbwmKZvi Kvi‡Y KLbB Zv wb‡q M‡elYv nqwb|
gyw³hy‡× cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i ‡hŠb mš¿v‡mi aib m¤ú‡K© cÖ_g Z_¨ cvIqv hvq 1975 mv‡j
cÖKvwkZ Av‡gwiKvb mvsevw`K mymvb eÖvDb wgjvi iwPZ ÒG‡MB‡b÷ AvIqvi DBj: g¨vb,
DBg¨vb GÛ ‡icÓ MÖ‡š’| ‡`‡k G welqK M‡elYvKg© cÖKvwkZ nq Lye Kg Ges hv n‡q‡Q
1980 mv‡ji ci ‡_‡K| hy‡×i ci 76-77 mvj ch©š— MÖnY Kiv G wel‡q ¶wZMÖ¯—‡`i
mv¶vrKvi GKgvÎ cÖKvwkZ nq cÖvgvY¨KiY cÖK‡íi Aóg L‡Û| wKš‘ GB LÛ hvPvB K‡i
‡`Lv ‡M‡Q, G‡Z ‡gvU M…nxZ 262wU mv¶vrKv‡ii g‡a¨ wbh©vZ‡bi mv¶vrKvi gvÎ 22wU|
cÖK‡íi ZrKvjxb M‡elK‡`i m‡½ ‡hvMv‡hvM K‡i Rvbv ‡M‡Q, cÖvgvY¨KiY KwgwU Zv‡`i
Kvh©vj‡q cÖvq mv‡o 3 jv‡Li ‡ewk c…ôvi Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ gvÎ 15 nvRvi c…ôv
MÖwš’Z Av‡Q| evwK jvL jvL c…ôvi Z‡_¨i g‡a¨ bvix wbh©vZb welqK ‡ekwKQy NUbv Av‡Q|
cÖK‡íi mv‡eK cwiPvjK Aa¨vcK ‡K Gg gnmxb e‡jb, ÔWKy‡g›U¸‡jv GLb RvZxq I
gyw³hy× welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi `vwqZ¡ MÖÖn‡Yi cvi¯úwiK Uvbv‡nuPovq Aiw¶Z Ae¯’vq Av‡Q|
h‡Zv`~i Rvwb, ‡ek wKQy WKy‡g›U PywiI n‡q ‡M‡Q|Õ
gyw³hy× msKªvš— wjwLZ m~Î, mgvRKg©x‡`i m‡½ K_v e‡j Rvbv ‡M‡Q, 25 gvP© ‡_‡K cvwK¯—
vwb‡`i avivevwnK al©Y Db¥ËZvi m‡½ ga¨ GwcÖj ‡_‡K hy³ n‡Z ïi“ K‡i G‡`kxq ‡`vmi
ivRvKvi, kvwš— KwgwU, Avj e`i I Avj kvgm& evwnbxi m`m¨iv| Giv wewfbœ ¯’vb ‡_‡K
bvix‡`i a‡i Avbvi cvkvcvwk al©‡Y Ask wb‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU K¨v›Ub‡g›U, cywjk e¨vivK, ¯’vqx
‡mbv ev¼vi QvovI wewfbœ ¯‹yj K‡jR, miKvwi feb al©‡Yi ‡K›`Ö wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|
Rvbv hvq, GKvˇi cy‡iv 9 gvm cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q NUbv¯’‡j,
Kb‡mb‡UÖkb K¨v‡¤ú evOvwj bvix‡`i a‡i wb‡q wM‡q w`‡bi ci w`b AvU‡K ‡i‡L al©‡Yi ‡h
NUbv NwU‡q‡Q AwaKvsk ‡¶‡ÎB Zv MYal©Y| ‡ewkifvM ‡¶‡Î evwoi cyi“l m`m¨, ¯^vgx‡`i
nZ¨v Kivi ci bvix‡`i Dci al©Y wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Zv cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv| 9 ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i 75
eQ‡ii e…×v ‡KDB cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ ev Zv‡`i ‡`vmi‡`i nvZ ‡_‡K i¶v cvqwb| mymvb eÖvDwb
wgjvi Zvi MÖ‡š’i 83 cvZvq D‡j¬L K‡i‡Qb, ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q‡K cvK‡mbviv GK iv‡Z 80
eviI al©Y K‡i‡Q| Iqvi KªvBgm d¨v±m dvBwÛs KwgwUi Òhy× I bvixÓ MÖš’ ‡_‡K Rvbv hvq,
GK GKwU MYal©‡Y 8/10 ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i 100 Rb cvK‡mbvI Ask wb‡q‡Q| GKvˇii
fqven al©Y m¤ú‡K© GKgvÎ Revbew›``vbKvix mvnwmK ‡di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx Zvi mv¶vrKv‡i
(GKvˇii `ytmn ¯§…wZ, m¤úv`bv kvnwiqvi Kwei) Rvbvb, Òiv‡Z wd`vBi (D”P c`¯’ cvwK¯—
vwb ‡mbv Kg©KZ©v) wPwV wb‡q K¨v‡Þb myjZvb, ‡j. ‡Kvievb Avi ‡e½j ‡UÖWvm©I AevOvwj
gvwjK BDmyd Giv Avgv‡K h‡kv‡i wb‡q ‡hZ| hvIqvi c‡_ Mvwoi ‡fZ‡i Zviv Avgv‡K al©Y
K‡i‡Q| wbg©g, b…ksm wbh©vZ‡bi ci GK ch©v‡q Avgvi ‡evakw³ ‡jvc cvq| 28 N›Uv
msÁvnxb wQjvgÓ| cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i al©‡Yi exfrmZvi aib m¤ú‡K© cybe©vmb ms¯’vq
awl©Zv‡`i wbeÜxKiY I ‡`Lv‡kvbvi m‡½ hy³ mgvRKg©x gv‡jKv Lvb Rvbvb, ms¯’vq Avmv
awl©Z bvix‡`i cÖvq meviB wQj ¶Z-we¶Z ‡hŠbv½| ‡e‡qv‡bU w`‡q LyuwP‡q LyuwP‡q wQ‡o ‡djv
i³v³ ‡hvwbc_, `vuZ w`‡q wQ‡o ‡djv ¯—b, ‡e‡qv‡bU w`‡q ‡K‡U ‡djv ¯—b-Di“ Ges
cðvr‡`‡k Qywii AvNvZ wb‡q bvixiv cybe©vmb ‡K‡›`Ö Avm‡Zv| cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv Avgv‡`i
bvix‡`i GKvˇi K‡Zv exfrmfv‡e al©Ymn ‡hŠb wbh©vZb K‡i‡Q Zvi fqvenZv me‡P‡q ‡ewk
aiv c‡o 18 ‡deª“qvwi 1974 mv‡j M…nxZ ivRvievM cywjk jvB‡b GKvˇi myBcvi wn‡m‡e
KvR Kiv iv‡eqv LvZy‡bi eY©bv ‡_‡K| cÖvgvY¨KiY cÖK‡íi Aóg L‡Û MÖwš’Z H eY©bvi
K‡qKwU Ask : iv‡eqv LvZyb Rvbvb, ÔDb¥Ë cvÄvwe ‡mbviv wbixn evOvjx ‡g‡q‡`i ïaygvÎ al©Y
K‡iB ‡Q‡o ‡`q bvB A‡bK cï ‡QvU ‡QvU evwjKv‡`i Ici cvkweK AZ¨vPvi K‡i I‡`i
Amvi i³v³ ‡`n evB‡i G‡b `yR‡b `ycv `yw`‡K ‡U‡b a‡i PovPwo‡q wQu‡o ‡d‡jwQj| c`¯’
mvgwiK Awdmviiv ‡mB mKj ‡g‡q‡`i Ici mw¤§wjZ al©Y Ki‡Z Ki‡Z nVvr GKw`b Zv‡K
a‡i Qywi w`‡q Zvi ¯—b ‡K‡U, cvQvi gvsm ‡K‡U, ‡hvwb I ¸n¨Øv‡ii g‡a¨ m¤ú~Y© Qywi Pvwj‡q
w`‡q AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U c‡o Iiv Avb›` Dc‡fvM Ki‡Zv| Õ iv‡eqv LvZy‡bi Av‡iKwU eY©bvq
Rvbv hvq, Ô cÖwZw`b ivRvievM cywjkjvB‡bi e¨vivK ‡_‡K Ges ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi Awd‡m Ici
Zjv ‡_‡K eû awl©Z ‡g‡qi ¶Z-we¶Z weK…Z jvk Iiv cv‡q iwk ‡e‡a wb‡q hvq Ges ‡mB
RvqMvq ivRavbx ‡_‡K a‡i Avbv bZyb ‡g‡q‡`i Py‡ji m‡½ ‡e‡a al©Y Avi¤¢ K‡i ‡`q| Õ
16B wW‡m¤^i weRq AR©‡bi ciI cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv ev¼v‡i AvU‡K ‡i‡L wbwe©Pv‡i al©Y K‡i‡Q
evOvjx bvix‡`i| wePvicwZ ‡K Gg ‡mvenvb cÖZ¨¶ `k©‡bi AwfÁZv ‡_‡K e‡jb, Ô 18
wW‡m¤^i wgicy‡i wb‡LvuR n‡q hvIqv GKRb‡K LyuR‡Z wM‡q ‡`wL gvwUi wb‡P ev¼vi ‡_‡K 23
Rb m¤ú~Y© Dj½, gv_v Kvgv‡bv bvix‡K Uªv‡K K‡i wb‡q hv‡”Q cvK Avwg©iv| Õ
wewfbœ m~‡Î cÖvß Z_¨ ‡_‡K Rvbv hvq, cy‡ivcywi cwiKwíZfv‡e cwiPvwjZ cvK Avwg©‡`i al©Y-
DËi Ab¨vb¨ kvixwiK wbh©vZ‡bi d‡j ‡ek wKQy ‡g‡q AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i‡Q, KvD‡K KvD‡K
cvK‡mbviv wb‡RivB nZ¨v K‡i‡Q; Avevi A‡b‡KB wbi“wÏó n‡q ‡M‡Q| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
BwZnvm wefv‡M Aa¨vcK W. iZb jvj PKªeZ©x 72- Gi cÖZ¨¶`k©‡bi AwfÁZv ‡_‡K Rvbvb, Ô
hy‡×i ci ci wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K Rvbyqvix, ‡deª“qvwi ch©š— kn‡ii wewfbœ ¯’v‡b DØv¯—yi g‡Zv Ny‡i
‡eov‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q ‡ekwKQy bvix‡K| Zv‡`i ‡WÖmAvc Ges Pjv‡div ‡_‡K Avgiv A‡b‡KB
wbwðZ RvbZvg Iiv hy‡×i wkKvi Ges I‡`i hvIqvi ‡Kv‡bv RvqMv ‡bB| Õ
----
2002 mv‡ji 18 †g †fv‡ii KvM‡R cÖKvwkZ †jLvwU kvgxgv web‡Z ingvb m¤úvw`Z Ôevsjv‡`‡k
hy×vciva- K‡qKwU AbymÜvbx cÖwZ‡e`bÕ eB †_‡K msMÖn K‡i e¬‡M †cv÷ K‡i‡Qb ‡kwid Avj mvqvi|
125
m~wPcÎ |

GKvˇii MYnZ¨v I bvix wbh©vZb : K‡qKRb mv¶xi eqvb

iv‡k`

wb‡Pi ‡jLvwU Century of Genocide: Eyewitness wb‡qwQj| wKš‘ Avwg (nqZ wKQyUv ¯^v_©c‡ii gZ) fvejvg cwðgvskI R¡jwQj|
Accounts and Critical Views By Samuel Totten, wb‡Ri gZ K‡i _vwK; Avi ZvB PZy_© Zjvi DËi ‡KvYvi mKvj ‡ejv‡Z Qv·`i Mjvi AvIqvR ‡c‡q Avwg ‡ei nB|
William S. Parsons and Israel W. Charny (New w`‡K P‡j ‡Mjvg Av‡¯— Av‡¯— Kªj K‡i| Rvbvjv w`‡q Avwg ‡`wL wKQy QvÎ wcÖqbv_`vi g…Z‡`n e‡q wb‡q hv‡”Q wb‡Pi
York: Garland Publishing, 1997) eB‡qi `kg PvÞvi ‡`LwQjvg Avwg©iv mvP©jvBU w`‡q Qv·`i ‡Lvu‡R i“‡g i“‡g w`‡K Avi Avwg©iv Zv‡`i cvnviv w`‡”Q| Avwg©iv Avgv‡KI
(c„ôv 291-316) ‡_‡K Abyev` Kiv I ms‡¶wcZ| GB Zj¬vwk Pvjvw”Qj| Avi Lyu‡R ‡c‡jB Zv‡`i‡K knx` wgbv‡ii e‡j Qv·`i mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨| nj ‡_‡K g…Z‡`n¸‡jv wb‡q
P¨vÞv‡ii bvg Eyewitness Accounts: Genocide in Kv‡Q wb‡q ‡h‡q ¸wj KiwQj| cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©iv gv‡S gv‡SB wb‡q Avgiv evB‡ii gv‡V R‡ov KiwQjvg| ‡mB mg‡q Avgiv
Bangladesh by Rounaq Jahan. gU©vi e¨envi KiwQj n‡ji w`‡K ZvK K‡i| A¨v‡m¤^wji K‡qKRb wQjvg QvÎ, K‡qKRb gvwj, ‡MU i¶‡Ki `yB ‡Q‡j
mvg‡bi wUb‡kW Avi DËi e¬‡Ki ‡ekwKQy i“‡g Av¸bI Avi evwKiv wQj cqcwi¯‹viKvix| cqcwi¯‹viKvixiv Avwg©‡`i
GB P¨vÞv‡i GKvˇii MYnZ¨vi ‡ek wKQy mv¶xi K_v ejv awi‡q ‡`q Zviv| ejj, Zviv ‡Zv ev½vwj bv, Zv‡`i ‡hb ‡h‡Z ‡`qv nq|
n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g `yB As‡k 25‡k gvP© Kv‡jviv‡Z XvKv wKQy mgq c‡i 40-50 Rb cvwK¯—vwb Avwg© `w¶Y e¬‡K Av‡m Avwg©iv Zv‡`i Avgv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K
BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z N‡U hvIqv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x `yBR‡bi K_v Avi WvBwbs i“‡gi Rvbvjv ‡f‡½ wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| Avi Avjv`v K‡i ‡bq| Avwg©iv
ejv nq| GKRb wQ‡jb RMbœv_ n‡ji QvÎ Avi Ab¨Rb jvBU R¡vwj‡q ‡hme QvÎ ‡mLv‡b AvkÖq wb‡qwQj Zv‡`i mviv¶Y Avgv‡`i jvw_
ey‡q‡Ui GKRb wk¶K| Z…Zxq I PZy_© mv¶x eY©bv ‡`b Dc‡i ¸wjel©Y K‡i| Avwg©iv hLb ‡mB i“g ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q ‡g‡iwQj Avi
cvwK¯—vwb‡`i bvix wbh©vZ‡bi| Avi cÂg mv¶x GK MÖv‡g Av‡m, ZLb Zviv n‡ji ‡Kqvi‡UKvi wcÖqbv_`v‡K gv_vq wc¯— wPrKvi KiwQj
N‡U hvIqv wKQy wbiciva wK‡kvi nZ¨vi wKQy weeiY Zy‡j j ‡VwK‡q wewfbœ i“‡gi w`‡K wb‡q hvw”Qj| ‡mB mg‡q Avwg ÒWe will see
a‡ib| Avi ‡kl mv¶xi K_v ‡_‡K wenvix‡`i wKQy Zv‡`i ‡`L‡Z cviwQjvg bv, KviY Avwg ev_i“g ‡_‡K how you get
ZvÛejxjvi K_v Rvbv hvq| ‡ei n‡q PZz_© Zjvi mvb‡k‡W jywK‡qwQjvg| wKš‘ free
‡Mvjv¸wji kã, Qv·`i AvnvRvwi Avi Avwg©‡`i Bangladesh!
fvOPy‡ii kã wVKB ïb‡Z cvw”Qjvg| Avwg©iv P‡j ‡M‡j Why don't you
RMbœv_ n‡ji nZ¨vKvÛ Avwg Avevi ev_i“‡g G‡m jyKvB| Rvbvjv w`‡q ‡`L‡Z shout Joy
‡cjvg mwjgyj¬vn n‡jI BanglaÓ| Avgv‡`i
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971: Av¸e R¡j‡Q| wZbwU Mªy‡c fvM K‡i
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989) kn‡ii Avwg ‡hB Mªy‡c wQjvg
eB‡qi Kvwj iÄbkx‡ji ÒRMbœv_ n‡j wQjvg Ó Aa¨vq ‡_‡K DËi ‡mUv‡K wb‡q Zviv
(c„ôv 5)| Avi BDwbfvwm©wUi
‡KvqvU©v‡i hvq
Avwg `w¶Y e¬‡Ki 235 b¤^i i“‡g wQjvg| 25 ZvwiL iv‡Z Avi cvuP Zjvi
‡Mvjv¸wj Avi ‡evgv-‡kj dvUvi k‡ã Avgvi Nyg ‡f‡½ hvq| me¸‡jv i“g
nZf¤^ n‡q wPš—v KiwQjvg Kx Kiv hvq| Zvici Avwg QvÎ ‡PK K‡i
msm‡`i ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡KªUvwi mykx‡ji Kv‡Q hvevi Rb¨ Kªj
K‡i PZz_© Zjvq DVjvg| Zvi i“‡g Av‡iv wKQy ‡Q‡j GiB Qwe :
g‡a¨ G‡m c‡owQj wKš‘ mykxj ZLb i“‡g wQj bv| QvÎiv wK‡kvi
Avgv‡K ejj Qv‡` ‡h‡Z, ‡hLv‡b Av‡iv ‡ekwKQy ‡Q‡j AvkÖq cv‡iL

126
m~wPcÎ |
Ges g~j¨evb wRwbmcÎ me jyU K‡i| wb‡Pi Zjvq Avgiv
¯Z‚c K‡i ivLv g…Z‡`n ‡`‡LwQjvg ‡ekwKQy|
wd‡i Avmvi c‡i Avgv‡`i w`‡q g…Z‡`n¸‡jv knx` wgbv‡i
wb‡q Av‡M ‡_‡KB ‡mLv‡b ivLv Av‡iv A‡bK g…Z‡`‡ni mv‡_
R‡ov Kivq| Avgvi mv_x I Avwg hLb mybxj`vi (n‡ji
MvW©) g…Z‡`n e‡q wbw”Qjvg ZLb cv‡ki ew¯— ‡_‡K
gwnjv‡`i wPrKvi ïb‡Z cvB| Avwg©iv H mg‡q
cqcwi¯‹viKvix‡`i Dc‡i ¸wjel©Y KiwQj| Avwg eySjvg ‡h
Avgv‡`iI mg‡q G‡m‡Q KviY hviv Avgv‡`i Av‡M jvB‡b
wQj Zv‡`i‡K GKmvwi‡Z `uvo Kwi‡q Avwg©iv ¸wj KiwQj|
Avwg Hmg‡q ‡`‡LwQjvg W. ‡`‡ei (wd‡jvmwd wefv‡Mi
cÖ‡dim) g…Z‡`n| Avwg ZLb Ibvi g…Z‡`‡ni cv‡k ï‡q
cwo mybxj`vi jvk a‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq Avi ¸wji A‡c¶vq
_vwK| wKQy¶Y c‡i ‡PvL ‡g‡j ‡`wL Zviv mevB P‡j ‡M‡Q|
Zvici Avwg hvB cv‡ki ew¯—‡Z| ‡mLv‡b B`y fvB (cyivb eB
we‡KªZv) Avgv‡K Afq ‡`b| Zvici cyivb XvKv n‡q b`x
cvi n‡q (gvwS UvKv ‡bb bvB) wkgywjqv, bIqveMÄ n‡q
Avwg GwcÖ‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q ewikv‡j Avgvi MÖv‡g P‡j
Avwm|
W. b~i“j Djvi WKy‡g›Uvwi
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the
Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp. 79-
83) ‡_‡K|
wk¶K‡`i A‡š—¨vwówKªqvi mg‡q evsjv wWcvU©‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡dmi
iwdK Dj Bmjvg Avgv‡K wdmwdm K‡i e‡jb ‡h, wUwf
‡÷k‡b GKwU WKy‡g›Uvwi Av‡Q 25 ‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨vi|
mv‡_ mv‡_ Avwg Rvwgj ‡PŠayix‡K wRÁvmv Kwi GB e¨vcv‡i|
wZwb Avgv‡K Kbdvg© K‡ib e¨vcviUv| wZwb Av‡iv Rvbvb
BwÄwbqvwis BDwbfvwm©wUi GKRb cÖ‡dmi GB wfwWIwU aviY
K‡iwQ‡jb| 5B Rvbyqvwi‡Z Avwg AbygwZ cvB wUwf ‡K‡›`Ö
GB wfwWIwU ‡`Lvi|
cÖvq 20 wgwb‡Ui GB wfwWIwU‡Z ‡`Lv hvq RMbœv_ nj ‡_‡K
jvk e‡q wKQy gvbyl ‡ei n‡”Q| jvk¸‡jv ‡ek mvwie×fv‡e
ivLv nq| Gfv‡e Av‡¯— Av‡¯— jv‡ki ¯—yc K‡i ‡djv nq|
‡kl nevi c‡i hviv jvk¸‡jv e‡q G‡bwQj Zv‡`i jvBb `uvo
Kwi‡q ‡i‡L ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡djv nq|
GB NUbvi we¯—vwiZ weeiY (B‡jKwUÖK¨vj wWcvU©‡g‡›Ui wUPvi
W. b~i“j Djvi wb‡Ri fvlvq e‡j hvIqv) cv‡eb GgGgAvi
Rvjv‡ji ‡cv‡÷
(http://www.sachalayatan.com/mmr_jalal/9806)|
bvix wbh©vZb
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971:
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989)
eB‡qi ‡gv. AvLZvi“¾vgvb gÛ‡ji ÒAvgv‡`i gv ‡evbÓ
Aa¨vq ‡_‡K (c…ôv 197)|
Avgiv fyi“½vgvwi ¯^vaxb Kivi Rb¨ 11B b‡f¤^i ‡_‡K
cwðg, DËi I c~e© w`K ‡_‡K GK‡hv‡M AvKªgY ïi“ Kwi|
fviZxq wegvb evwnbx Hw`b mKv‡j Dchy©cwi wegvb nvgjv
ïi“ K‡i| 13B b‡f¤^‡i Avgiv wbKUeZ©x nB Avi fviZxq
wegvb evwnbxI Zv‡`i A¨vUvK ‡Rvi`vi K‡i| 14 ZvwiL
mKv‡j cvwK¯—vwb‡`i ‡Mvjv¸wj eÜ n‡q hvq Avi Avgiv
fyi“½gvwi‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi Rq evsjv ej‡Z ej‡Z| 50-60
Rb cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©‡K AvUK Kwi Avi Zv‡`i K¨v‡Þb‡K
(Captain Ataullah Khan) cvB e¨v¼v‡i g…Z Ae¯’vq| H
mg‡qI ‡m GK g…Z bvix‡K Rwo‡q a‡iwQj| Zvui mviv
kix‡i wbh©vZ‡bi `vM| Zvu‡K Avgiv Kei ‡`B|
ZL‡bv fvwewb Avi KZ wbg©g `…k¨ ‡`Lv evwK Av‡Q|
Iq¨vi‡j‡m Avgv‡K mv‡K©j Awd‡m ‡h‡Z ejv nq| ‡mLv‡b
Avgiv ‡ekwKQy Aí eqmx bvix‡K Zvjve× Ae¯’vq cvB|
Zv‡`i‡K `iRv ‡f‡½ Avgiv gy³ Kwi| `iRv fv½vi c‡i
Avgiv Zvu‡`i‡K bMœ, awl©Z wbh©vwZZ Ae¯’vq ‡`L‡Z cvB|
Avgiv mv‡_ mv‡_ i“g ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q PviUv jyw½ Avi PviUv
‡eWwkU Qy‡o ‡`B wfZ‡i| Avgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ K_v ejvi
‡Póv Kwi wKš‘ Zvuiv LyeB kKW Ae¯’vq wQ‡jb| GKRb
wQ‡jb Qq mvZ gv‡mi ‡cÖM‡b›U| GKRb wQ‡jb
gqgbwms‡ni K‡jR QvÎx| Zvu‡`i‡K wPwKrmvi Rb¨ BwÛqvb
Avwg©i Mvwo‡Z K‡i BwÛqv‡Z wb‡q hvIqv nq| Avgiv iv¯—vi
Av‡kcv‡k M‡Z© A‡bK Lywj Avwe¯‹vi Kwi| Lywj¸‡jv‡Z j¤^v
Pyj Avi ‡Quov kvwo c¨uvPv‡bv wQj, A‡b‡Ki
nv‡Z Pywo wQj| fyi“½vgvwi nvB ¯‹y‡ji GKwU
i“‡g 16 Rb wbh©vwZZ bvix‡K D×vi Kwi| Av‡kcv‡ki
MÖvg ‡_‡K Zv‡`i wb‡q Avmv n‡qwQj| mv‡K©j Awd‡mi wewf-
bœ i“‡g Avgiv A‡bK cÖgvY cvB ‡h bvix‡`i Rvbvjvi mv‡_
‡eu‡a ‡i‡L evievi ‡ic Kiv n‡qwQj| cyiv ‡g‡S f‡i wQj
i‡³, j¤^v Py‡j Avi ‡Quov Kvc‡o|
GK Kg©KZ©vi ¯¿x
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the
Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp.
141-42) ‡_‡K|
wZwb (25 eQi eqm) wQ‡jb GK miKvix Kg©KZ©vi ¯¿x| Zvui
wZb ‡Q‡j‡g‡q wQj| Avwg©iv cÖ_‡g Zvui ¯^vgx‡K wb‡q hvq,
Avi cÖvq Aa© g…Z Ae¯’vq ‡diZ ‡`q| Zvici Ab¨ GK`j
Avwg© Av‡m mKvj 8-9 Uvi w`‡K| Avi Zvu‡K ‡ic K‡i Zvui
¯^vgx-mš—vb‡`i mvg‡b| Zvici Av‡iv GK`j Avwg© Av‡m
`ycyi 2.30 Uvi w`‡K Avi Zvu‡K Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| GK
evsKv‡i AvU‡K ‡i‡L Zvu‡K evievi ‡ic K‡i, cÖwZ iv‡Z
wZwb AÁvb bv nIqv ch©š—| wZb gvm c‡i hLb wZwb wd‡i
Av‡mb, wZwb wQ‡jb ‡cÖMb¨v›U| MÖv‡gi gvbylRb Zvu‡K
mnvbyfywZ Rvbvq| wKš‘ Zvui ¯^vgx Zvu‡K ‡diZ wb‡Z A¯^xKvi
K‡i| MÖv‡gi gvbyl ‡Rvi Kivq Zvui ¯^vgx AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i|
Avgiv Zvu‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi ‡Póv Pvjvw”Q wKš‘ wZwb GKwU
K_vB evievi e‡j hv‡”Qb ÒBut why, why did they do it?
It would have been better if we had both diedÓ|
GK ‡gŠjwfi K_v
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the
Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp.
102-4) ‡_‡K| GwU ‡kL gywR‡ei wbR MÖv‡gi Kvwnbx|
19‡k GwcÖj 1971 Zvwi‡L mKvj 8 Uvi w`‡K cÖvq 35 Rb
Avwg© j‡Â K‡i Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g Av‡m| wKQyw`b Av‡M Avwg
‡k‡Li evev gv‡K e‡jwQjvg MÖvg ‡Q‡o ‡h‡Z, wKš‘ Zvuiv ivwR
127
m~wPcÎ |
nb bvB| Avwg©iv G‡m Avgv‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡q wRÁvmv K‡i,
GB ‡gŠjwf, ‡k‡Li evev-gv ‡Kvb& evwo‡Z _v‡K| Avwg Zvui
evev‡K ‡W‡K Avwb| Avgiv GKUv ‡Pqvi w`‡qwQjvg wKš‘
Avwg©iv Zvu‡K gvwU‡Z em‡Z eva¨ K‡i| Zvici ‡k‡Li gv
Avgvi nvZ a‡ib, Avi Avwg Zvu‡K ‡Pqv‡i em‡Z mvnvh¨
Kwi| Avwg©iv ‡k‡Li evevi wc‡V ‡÷bMvb Avi Avgvi wc‡V
GKwU ivB‡dj a‡i Avi e‡j `k wgwb‡Ui gv‡S ‡Zvgv‡`i
‡g‡i ‡dj‡ev|
Zviv ‡k‡Li evwo ‡_‡K GKwU Wv‡qwi Avi wKQy Jla ‡bq,
Avi Avgvi Kv‡Q Pvwe †Luv‡R| Avwg Pvwe w`‡j Zviv UÖv¼
‡f‡½ Zj¬vwk Pvjvq; hw`I cvuPwU PvgP Qvov Avi wKQyB ‡g‡j
bvB| Zviv GKwU Qwe ‡`‡L Avgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i GUv Kvi|
‡kL gywR‡ei ejvq Zviv ‡mBUvI wb‡q hvq|
Zviv Avgv‡K ivB‡dj w`‡q ‡g‡i ‡k‡Li evevi cv‡k ‡U‡b
‡bq Avi Avev‡iv ‡g‡i ‡djvi ûgwK ‡`q| Avwg wRÁvmv
Kwi ‡k‡Li evev‡K ‡Kb gvi‡e? Zviv e‡j ÒIs lire, keonki
wohne shaitan paida kira hai" ["Because he has
produced a devil."]Ó Avgv‡K ‡Kb gvi‡e, ‡h wKbv
gmwR‡`i Bgvg? Zviv e‡j ÒAap kiska imam hai? Aap
vote dehtehain" ["What sort of an imam are you?
You vote."]Ó K¨v‡Þb ZLb Av‡iv e‡j 8 wgwbU ‡M‡Q Avi
2 wgwbU c‡i ¸wj Kiv n‡e| ZLb GKRb ‡gRi ‡`Š‡o
Av‡m j ‡_‡K, Avi wb‡`©k ‡`q Avgv‡`i bv gvivi| c‡i
‡k‡Li evwo cywo‡q ‡`qv nq|
Avwg mv‡_ mv‡_ gmwR‡` hvB Avi cÖvq 50 R‡bi gZ
MÖvgevmx‡K ‡`L‡Z cvB| Avwg©iv GiB g‡a¨ wZbRb evjK‡K
‡U‡b ‡ei K‡i ¸wj K‡i gv‡i| Lvb mv‡n‡ei (‡kL gywR‡ei
PvPvi) GKRb wK‡kvi f…Z¨ wQj Gikv` bv‡g| Avwg©iv
Avgv‡K Zvi K_v ej‡j Avwg ewj ‡h ‡m GKRb Kv‡Ri
‡Q‡j| wKš‘ ZLb GK ivRvKvi ‡gŠjwf (cv‡ki MÖv‡gi) e‡j
‡h H ‡Q‡jUv ‡kL gywR‡ei AvZ¥xq, hv Av`‡Z wg_¨v wQj|
Avwg©iv Gikv`‡KI jvB‡b wb‡q hvq| ‡Q‡jUv cvwb ‡L‡Z
PvB‡jI ‡`qv nq bvB| XvKv ‡_‡K Avmv GKwU wK‡kvi ‡h
‡mLv‡b Zvi evevi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Zv Zv‡KI ‡g‡i ‡d‡j
Avwg©iv| Gikv`‡K Zvi gv‡qi mvg‡b ¸wj K‡i gv‡i| ¸wji
c‡i Gikv` GKUy bovPov Ki‡j Avevi Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i|
`ycyi `yBUv ch©š— GB nZ¨vKvÛ
Pj‡Z _v‡K| G mg‡qi w`‡K Zviv
10-12 Rb ev½vwji GKwU `j‡K
Av‡b| Avi Zv‡`i‡K w`‡q MZ©
Lywo‡q jvk¸‡jv Kei ‡`qvq Ges
Zv‡`i‡KI ‡g‡i ‡d‡j Ae‡k‡l|
Zvici Avb‡›` wPrKvi Ki‡Z
Ki‡Z wenvwi¸‡jv P‡j hvq
Avwg©iv Hw`b ‡gvU QqRb wb‡`©vl wK‡kvi‡K
nZ¨v K‡i ‡Kvb KviY QvovB| ‡Zvive Bqv`
Avjxi gv evievi e‡jI ‡Q‡j‡K Kei ‡`qvi Rb¨
wb‡q ‡h‡Z cv‡ib wb, Kvib Avwg©iv Pvw”Qj GBme g…Z‡`n
‡`wL‡q mevB‡K fq ‡`Lv‡Z| GB weaevi 10 eQ‡ii mš—vb
wgVy‡KI Zviv ¸wj K‡i| Kvib wQj wgVy gyw³evwnbx‡K mvnvh¨
K‡iwQj|
dqmÕ ‡j‡Ki nZ¨vKvÛ
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971:
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989)
eB‡qi Avãyj ‡Mvdiv‡bi Òd‡qR ‡j‡Ki MYnZ¨vÓ Aa¨vq
‡_‡K|
cvnvoZjxi AvKei kvn gmwR‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi GKUv
‡`vKvb wQj| 10B b‡f¤^i, 1971 mKvj 6 Uvi w`‡K cÖvq
40-50 Rb wenvwi Avgvi ‡`vKv‡b G‡m ‡Rvi K‡i Avgv‡K
wb‡q hvq| Zviv Avgv‡K d‡qR ‡j‡K wb‡q hvq| ‡mLv‡b
Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB cv¤ú nvD‡Ri DËi cv‡k ‡j‡Ki av‡i
A‡bK‡K nvZ ‡eu‡a ivLv n‡q‡Q| wenvwi‡`i nv‡Z Qywi,
Z‡jvqvi ev kvc© Ab¨ ‡Kvb A¯¿ wQ‡jv|
wenvwiiv cÖ_‡g ev½vwj‡`i gvi‡avi KiwQj Avi A¯¿avix‡`i
Kv‡Q wb‡q hvw”Qj| GK`j A¯¿avix wenvwi Amnvq
gvbyl¸‡jvi ‡c‡U Nywl gviwQj Avi Z‡jvqvi w`‡q gv_v
wew”Qbœ KiwQj| Avwg ‡ek K‡qK Mªyc ev½vwj‡K Gfv‡e ‡g‡i
‡dj‡Z ‡`wL| GKRb wenvwi Avgvi w`‡K AvMvq Avi Avgvi
‡mv‡qUvi Ly‡j ‡bq| ZLb Avwg Zv‡K Nywl ‡g‡i ‡j‡K Svuc
‡`B| Ab¨cv‡o ‡h‡q Avwg ‡Suv‡ci Avov‡j jyKvB| Zviv
Avgvi ‡Lvu‡R Avm‡jI Avwg fvM¨Kª‡g jywK‡q _vK‡Z m¶g
nB| ‡Suv‡ci Avov‡j ‡_‡K Avwg Av‡iv A‡bK‡K GKBfv‡e
nZ¨v Ki‡Z ‡`wL|
`ycyi `yBUv ch©š— GB nZ¨vKvÛ Pj‡Z _v‡K| G mg‡qi w`‡K
Zviv 10-12 Rb ev½vwji GKwU `j‡K Av‡b| Avi Zv‡`i‡K
w`‡q MZ© Lywo‡q jvk¸‡jv Kei ‡`qvq Ges Zv‡`i‡KI ‡g‡i
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vwi¸‡jv P‡j hvq| ZL‡bv A‡bK jvk Av‡kcv‡k c‡o wQj|
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hy× wkï '71 : gv`vi ‡Z‡imv
Awg ingvb wcqvj
gv`vi ‡Z‡imv m¤ú‡K© bZyb K‡i ej‡Z PvIqvUv GK ai‡bi a…óZv| kÖ×vÄwj
RvbvB gvbeZvev`x GB Zcmx‡K| Zvi A‡bK cwiP‡qi GKwU n‡”Q '72 mv‡j
hy×weaŸ¯— m`¨ ¯^vaxb GB ‡`kwUi wbcxwoZv-wbM…nxZv‡`i GKUv wn‡j¬ Ki‡Z
mevi Av‡M GwM‡q G‡mwQ‡jb wZwbB| exiv½bv mgm¨v wb‡q wngwkg Lv‡”Q
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gv`vi G‡jb| XvKvi ey‡K cuvPwU evwo fvov wb‡q Lyj‡jb exiv½bv‡`i Rb¨
AvkÖq ‡K›`Ö|
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‡Pv‡Li w`‡K| ey‡S ‡djjvg Zvi cwiPq|
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gv`vi KjKvZvq Zvi wgkb ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb Ae‡nwjZ eq¯‹‡`i wb‡q| msmvi I
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fvi‡Z wKse`š—xi gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q|
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129
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GKRb ‡di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx
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hvi Rxe‡bi me‡P‡q e‡ov AnsKvi wZwb mevi wcÖq wkíx-L¨vwZgvb
fv¯‹i ‡di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx|
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m‡½ bvixi wbweo m¤úK© i‡q‡Q|
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nZvkvB ‡hb dy‡U I‡V wcÖqfvwlYxi gy‡Li fvlvq|
GKvˇii gv‡P© ‡di‡`Šmx wcÖqfvwlYx cwiev‡ii m‡½ Lyjbv kn‡i
emevm Ki‡Zb| hy‡×i A‡bK Av‡MB wZwb wQ‡jb ¯^vgx cwiZ¨³v|
wZbwU ‡Q‡j| Zvi Ici fvB‡ev‡bi `vwqZ¡| GB wekvj cvwievwiK eni
mvgvj w`‡Z Zv‡K Zi“Y eq‡mB wKª‡m›U RyU wg‡j PvKwi wb‡Z n‡q‡Q|
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n‡q‡Q| GwcÖ‡ji gvSvgvwS ‡Kv‡bv GKw`b wKª‡m›U RyU wg‡ji Rvnv½xi
wcÖqfvwlYx‡K PvKwi ‡`Iqvi bvg K‡i wb‡q ‡M‡jv Lvwjkcyi cvi n‡q
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Avevi KL‡bv evOvwj nv‡qbv‡`i jvjmvi wkKvi n‡Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡K|
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2. Convention of the prevention and
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3. Convention Against Torture and Other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading treatment
or punishment
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political rights
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gvbevwaKvi ms¯’v¸‡jvi Pv‡c weªwUk miKvi Zvi 131

m~wPcÎ |
Ask †bqv eÜy‡`i bvg wVKvbv ej‡Z Avi Amª †Kv_vq
jywK‡q †i‡K‡Q Zv ej‡Z| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mvg‡bB
AvRv‡`i gv cy·K mvnm w`‡q e‡j Ôevev †i, hLb
gvi‡e, Zywg k³ n‡q _v‡Kv| mn¨ †Kv‡iv| Kv‡iv bvg
†hb e‡j w`I bv|
AvRv` †mB iv‡Z _vbvq gv‡K ejj, “gv, fvZ †L‡Z
BÔQv K‡i, `yB w`b fvZ LvB bv| Kvj‡K fvZ w`wQj,
Rvnvbviv Bgvg
Avwg fvM cvB bvBÓ AvRv‡`i gv c‡ii w`b wUwdb
K¨vwiqv‡i K‡i fvZ, gvsm, AvjyfZ©v, †e¸bfvwR nv‡Z
wb‡q gv mviv ivZ _vbvi mvg‡b `vuwo‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘
Zv‡K Rvbvb nq AvRv` igbv _vbvq †bB| Dwb mviv
ivZ GK _vbv †_‡K Av‡iK _vbv, Ggwc †nv‡ój,
†K›Uig¨v›U Ly‡RI †Kv_vI AvRv`‡K cvIqv hvq wb|
AvRv`‡K Avi KLbI Ly‡R cvIqv hvq wb|
¯^vaxbZvi †h 14 eQi AvRv‡`i gv mvwdqv †eMg †eu‡P
wQ‡jb wZwb mviv w`b `iRvi Kv‡Q `vuwo‡q _vK‡Zb|
WvKwcqb Avm‡j †`Š‡o hvb Zvi †Q‡ji †KvbI wPwV
Av‡Q bvwK †`L‡Z| GKUy kã n‡j Zvi eyK KvucZ|
ZLb †kl evi †m‡j AvRv`‡K †`‡LwQ‡jb AvRv`
gvwU‡Z ï‡q wQj| gvwU‡Z Lvwj GKUv cvwU wQj †Kvb
evwjk wQj bv| AvRv‡`i gv IB w`‡bi ci †_‡K
†Kvb w`b weQvbvq Nygvb wb| DwbI gvwU‡Z cvwU
wewQ‡q Nygv‡Zb| AvRv` g…Z¨yi Av‡M fvZ †L‡Z cv‡i
wb ZvB Zvi gv evwK Rxe‡b †Kvb w`b fvZ Lvbwb|
my`xN© 14 eQi Lvwj i“wU †L‡q‡Qb `yB‡ejv KL‡bv
GK‡ejv ïay cvwb‡Z Pywe‡q| 31‡m AvMó,1985
AvRv‡`i aiv civi †mB w`‡bB GB iZœMf©v bvixi
†kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡i| Zvi Ke‡i Zvi B”Qv Abyhvwq
Lvwj GKUv jvBb wjLv, knx` AvRv‡`i gvÓ|
MZ 3 ZvwiL wQj knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi
Rb¥w`b| i“wg hLb Zvi gv‡qi Kv‡Q G‡m gyw³hy‡×
†h‡Z PvBj ZLb Zvi gv e‡jwQj Õhv †Zv‡K †`‡ki
Rb¨ †Kvievbx K‡i w`jvgÓ|GB †kl K_vUvi Rb¨
Rvnvbviv Bgvg mviv Rxeb Avd‡mvm K‡i‡Qb| Avj¬vn
g‡b nq †Kvievbx K_vwU Keyj K‡i wb‡q‡Qb| Dwb
†Kb ej‡jb bv, hv i“wg hy× K‡i ex‡ii †e‡k ¯^vaxb
†`‡k wd‡i Avq|Zvn‡j nqZev Zvi †Q‡j i“wg wd‡i
AvmZ 16 wW‡m¤^i|
¯^vaxbZvi 36 eQi ci AvRI evsjvi N‡i N‡i nvRvi
nvRvi AvRv‡`i gv, i“wgi gv, Ry‡q‡ji gv‡qiv wbf…‡Z
†Pv‡Li cvwb †d‡j| c…w_exi me Kó nqZ mg‡qi
mv‡_ mv‡_ nvjKv n‡q hvq wKš‘ mš—vb nvivevi Kó wK
†Kvb w`b K‡g| Rxe‡bi cªwZwU w`b, cªwZwU ivZ †mB
†Q‡j nviv‡bvi †e`bv ey‡K wb‡q Zviv †eu‡P _v‡K|
gv‡qi Kv‡Q mš—vb we`vq wb‡q `~‡i K_vI P‡j †M‡Q|
†mB knx` gv‡qiv Zv‡`i †Q‡ji gyL Avi †Kvb w`bI
†`L‡Z cv‡e bv, Zv‡`i †Q‡jiv el©vi Zygyj el©‡Y
gv‡qi nv‡Zi Av`‡i gvLv wLPyix Lv‡e bv, †NvgUvi
dvuK M‡j †P‡q _vKv gv‡qi `…wó wb‡q ki‡Zi AvKv‡k
Nywo Dov‡e bv, KbK‡b kx‡Zi iv‡Z gv‡qi ey‡Ki
DòZv wb‡e bv, K¬vš— n‡q evmvq G‡m gv‡qi kvwoi
AvuP‡j gyL gyQ‡e bv, Mªx‡®§i DËß `ycy‡i gv‡qi †Lvjv
kxZj wc‡V KwP kixi †jc‡U Nygv‡e bv, gv‡qi A‡bK
Av`‡ii gvbylwU KLbB gv‡K wb‡q wcªq gvZ…f~wg
evsjv‡`‡k‡K †`L‡Z cv‡e bv|
14 †g 2007
`vme¨emvq ¶wZMÖ¯— ‡`k I ‡Mvôx¸‡jv‡K Avw_©K
¶wZc~iY w`‡Z cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q‡Q| hw`I `vme¨emv wejy-
wßi `y‡kv eQi cvi n‡q ‡M‡Q|
wKš‘ hw` evsjv‡`k miKvi hy×vcivax ivRvKvi Avj-
e`i Z_v RvgvZ Ms‡`i wePvi Ki‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j G‡Zv
Sv‡gjvq ‡h‡Z n‡e bv| we`¨gvb msweav‡bi AvIZvq
G‡`i wePvi m¤¢e| G ‡¶‡Î `y‡Uv c‡q›U g‡b n‡jvÑ
1. Av`vjZ ‡Mvjvg AvR‡gi bvMwiKZ¡ w`‡q‡Q|
A‡b‡Ki g‡Zv Avwg I ¶yä n‡qwQjvg G wm×v‡š—|
Avm‡j wKš‘ ¶yä nevi wKQy ‡bB| Av`vjZ Zv‡K
bvMwiKZ¡ w`‡q‡Q KviY RvwZms‡Ni mve©Rbxb
gvbevwaKvi ‡NvlYv Abyhvqx Aciv‡ai kvw¯— wnmv‡e
Rb¥m~‡Î cÖvß bvMwiKZ¡ ‡K‡o ‡bIqv hvq bv, ‡`‡k
XyK‡Z wKsev ‡ei n‡Z evav ‡`qv hvq bv wKsev ‡Rvi
K‡i ‡`k ‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i ‡`qv hvq bv| ‡h Av`vjZ
‡Mvjvg AvR‡gi bvMwiKZ¡ wdwi‡q w`‡q‡Qb, ‡m Av`vjZ
wKš‘ Zv‡K wb‡`©vl ‡NvlYv K‡iwb, ‡hgbwU
RvgvwZiv cÖPvi K‡i| eis G ivq Zvi wePv‡ii c_ myMg
K‡i‡Q| miKv‡ii mw`”Qv _vK‡j GLb mn‡RB Zvi
wePvi Ki‡Z cv‡i, ‡hgbwU m¤¢e n‡Zv bv ‡m hw` cvwK¯—
vbx bvMwiK _vK‡Zv| G ‡¶‡Î Avi ‡Kv‡bv K‚U‰bwZK ev
Avš—RvwZK Av‡qvR‡bi cÖ‡qvRb ‡bB|
2. weMZ weGbwc miKv‡ii mg‡qB evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU
Av`vjZ wRqvDi ingvb I Gikv‡`i ¶gZv `Lj I
kvmbvgj‡K A‰ea ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| miKvi DPP
Av`vj‡Z cÖfve LvwU‡q G ivq‡K ¯’wMZ K‡i‡Q| ivq
wKš‘ evwZj nqwb| G ivq ev¯—evwqZ n‡j G `yB Avg‡j
M…nxZ wm×vš—¸‡jvI
evwZj n‡e| ¸i“Zi Aciv‡a wePvivaxb 10 nvRvi
`vjvj, hviv gywRe Avg‡j mvaviY ¶gv cvqwb Ges
cvwK¯—v‡b cvwj‡q hvIqv Rvgv‡Zi kxl© ‡bZv hv‡`i
wei“‡× ‡MÖßvwi c‡ivqvbv SyjwQj, Zv‡`i mevB‡K Avevi
wePv‡ii gy‡LvgywL n‡Z n‡e|
‡mvRv K_vq, cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi wePvi Kivi g‡Zv
Avš—R©vwZK cÖfve evsjv‡`k AR©b Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI
‡`‡k _vKv NvZK `vjvj RvgvZx Ms‡`i wePvi n‡Z
cv‡i, ‡h ‡Kv‡bv gyû‡Z©B| ïay cÖ‡qvRb GKUv w¯’wZkxj,
mvnmx, gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbvi cÖwZ mwZ¨Kv‡ii A½xKvive×
miKvi hviv Acivax‡`i Acivax wn‡m‡eB MY¨ Ki‡e,
ivRbxwZi ¸wU wn‡m‡e bq| ‡K Rv‡b, GiKg GKUv
miKvi M‡o bv DVvi wcQ‡b Av‡iv A‡bK wn‡m‡ei mv‡_
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii wn‡mewU I Av‡Q wKbv!
29 GwcÖj 2007
132
m~wPcÎ |
PigcÎ : B_v‡i GK Ab¨ gyw³hy×
Awg ingvb wcqvj
4 wW‡m¤^i 1971 mv‡ji GKwU Kw_Kv :
`g& gvIjv, Kv‡`i gvIjv!
WivB‡qb bv, WivB‡qb bv| G‡g&ZB GKUv AvIqvR Kijvg,
Avi wK!
GZ KBiv KBwQjvg- ‡PZvBm bv, ‡PZvBm bv| e½eÜyi
evOvjx‡Mv ‡PZvBm bv| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡Ku‡`v Avi c¨vu‡Ki
gB‡Ï nvuUy nv›`vBm bv| bvn| Avgvi Kv_v ûj‡bv bv| Znb
Kx wPiKxZ? 72 NÈvi gvB‡Ï me VvÛv KBiv w`gy| wK
nB‡jv, V¨vUv gv‡jK¨v, wcuqvwR-Bqvwnqv mve? Anb ‡nBme
‡PvUcvU M¨v‡jv KB? 72 NÈvi RvqMvq 210 w`b cvi
nB‡Q- ‡MbRvg ‡Zv ‡kl nB‡jv bv| AvBR KvBj‡Zv Kvievi
Dëv wKwm‡gi ‡`LZvwQ| nvbv`vi gQyqv‡Mv Ae¯’v w`b‡K w`b
Zyinv›` LiZbvK nBqv DVZv‡Q| mvZ¶xiv-Lyjbv, h‡kvi-
Kywóqv, ivRkvnx-PvcvBbeveMÄ, iscyi-w`bvRcyi, wm‡jU-
gqgbwmsn, Uv½vBj-gaycyi, Kywgj¬v-wPUvMvs, gv`vixcyi-cvjs
Avi XvKv-gywÝMÄ- nM&Mj RvqMv_‡b Iqv‡ìiÖ ‡e÷ cvBwUs
‡dvmi©v Lvwj SvBov ‡`ŠovBZv‡Q|
‡Rbv‡ij wcuqvwR A°‡i _t|
GBWv wK? GBWv wK?
‡gRi ‡ki ‡gvnv¤§`| ‡Zvgv‡i bv mvZ¶xivq wWDwU
w`wQjvg? Zywg XvKvi ‡mKÛ K¨vwcUv‡j AvBjv K¨vg‡Z?
‡Zvgvi gy‡L GZeo `vwo MRvB‡jv K¨vg‡Z? ‡Zvgvi
‡mvjRvi‡Mv Lei wK? ‡Zvgvi ci‡Y Zcnb ‡`LZvwQ wKi
jvBM¨v?
Q¨vi KBZvwQ, KBZvwQ| cqjv GKUyK `g jB‡Z ‡`b|
mvZ¶xiv hvI‡bi Av‡M we‡MÖwWqvi dwKi ‡gvnv¤§`‡b ‡evjv
_v- c‡njv Avc, `ymiv evc, Dm‡Kv ev` `ywbqv| mvZ¶xivq
hvBqv ‡`wL cvwK¯—vb AvwgiÖ eûZ LZibvK Ae¯’v|
C‡`i bvgv‡Ri ci _vBK¨vB evOvjx we”Py¸jv A°‡i cvMjv
nBqv DV‡Q| nvRvi nvRvi we”Py wZbw`K _vBK¨v AvBm¨v
Av‡i evwo ‡i evwo| mvZ¶xivq Avgv‡Mv gU©vi, ‡gwkbMvb,
‡MÖ‡bW, evsKvi, ‡UÖÂ wKQyB KyjvB‡jvbv| Avgv‡Mv
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡_‡K cÖPvwiZ Pigc‡Îi GKwU AwWI wK¬c, ïbyb Bwmœc‡m
cÖvK K_b
ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i Av¸‡bi cikgwY Qwe‡Z GKwU `…k¨ Av‡Q|
Kv‡bi Kv‡Q ‡iwWI wb‡q mcwiev‡i ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
ïb‡Qb Aveyj nvqvZ| ïb‡Qb PigcÎ| D‡ËRbvq gywV
cvKv‡”Qb| ‡kvbv hv‡”Q we”Py, gQyqv, MveyBiv gvBi RvZxq
wKQy kã| GUvB wQj gyw³hy‡×i mgqKvi GK wbqwgZ Qwe|
Aei“× evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv Kvgx evOvjxi Kv‡Q PigcÎ
wQj GK mÄxebx myav| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i exiZ¡ I cvwK¯—vbx
‡mbvevwnbxi bv¯—vbvey` nIqvi mim eqv‡b Zviv ‡n‡m
Mov‡Zb| KL‡bvev gy‡Vv cvKv‡Zb hy× ‡hvM`v‡bi A¶gZv
XvK‡Z, hv Avm‡j exi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i cÖvYfiv
fv‡jvevmviB Av‡iKwU Awfe¨w³| Avi ‡Uև ‡UÖ‡Â
gyw³‡hv×vivI ïb‡Zb mZx_©‡`i exiZ¡ Mvu_v| Zviv D‡Øj
n‡Zb| ‡mBm‡½ ‡mvrmv‡n eyK evua‡Zb Icvi evsjvq kiYv_©x
Av‡iv GK ‡KvwU evOvjx| GZ wKQy K‡i ‡dj‡Zb ‡iwWI‡Z
XvKvBqv D”Pvi‡Yi GK gyw³‡hv×v| Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj|
1971 mv‡ji 25 ‡g ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö Pvjy nIqvi
w`b ‡_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i weR‡qi w`b ch©š— gyKyj c‡o ‡M‡Qb
Zvi ¯^iwPZ GB Agi KxwZ©| Zvi fvlvq- ÔPigcÎ wQ‡jv
G‡Kev‡i e¨v½vZ¥K I ‡k¬lvZ¥K gš—‡e¨ ficyi GKUv GKK
Abyôvb| GKUv gvbm¤§Z ‡iKwW©s ÷ywWIi Afv‡e cÖwZw`b
‡QvÆ GKUv N‡i ‡Uc ‡iKW©v‡i PigcÎ ‡iKwW©s Ki‡Z
‡mvjRvi‡Mv jvk A°‡i cvnvo| ‡eMwZK ‡`BL¨v GKUv giv
ivRvKv‡ii jyw½ wc›`v ‡nB Kvg Kijvg| w`jvg ‡`Šo| ‡h
iv¯—v w`qv fvMwQ, ‡`wL Lvwj ‡gwRK Kvievi| nM&Mj RvqMvq
we”Pyiv IZ cvBZv iB‡Q| GK SvcU gvBiv ‡niv KvjxMÄ
_vbv `Lj KBiv jB‡jv| ‡nici Avivg‡m b`x cvi nBqv
we”Pyiv Anb Lyjbv UvD‡bi w`‡K hvBZv‡Q|
gyw³evwnbxi Av‡iv `yBUv `j h‡kvi w_Kv 7 gvBj `~‡i
n‡q‡Q| Ges 8 ‡_‡K 10 wgwb‡Ui GB ‡Uc wbqwgZfv‡e
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q| GB Abyôv‡b
Avwg cÖwZw`b M‡íi Q‡j `yiƒn ivRbxwZ I iYbxwZi e¨vL¨v
QvovI iYv½‡bi me©‡kl LeivLei AZ¨š— wbôvi m‡½
Dc¯’vcb K‡iwQ|Õ
ïi“‡Z ï×fvlv‡ZB PigcÎ c‡o‡Qb gyKyj| c‡i Zvi fvlvq
AvÂwjKZv G‡m‡Q| Ges ‡mUv m‡PZbfv‡eB| G cÖm‡½
e‡j‡Qb, ÔiYv½b cwi`k©‡bi AwfÁZvq hLb ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i kZKiv 95 RbB n‡jb MÖvgevsjvi mš—vb,
ZLb fvlvi e¨env‡i PgK Avbjvg|...‡gvUvgywUfv‡e XvKvBqv
Z_v evOvj fvlv e¨envi Ki‡jI gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m‡½ GKvZ¥Zv
m…wói j‡¶¨ Avwg h‡_”Qfv‡e wewfbœ ‡Rjvi AvÂwjK fvlv
e¨envi K‡iwQ| GgbwK e³e¨ ‡Rviv‡jv Kivi Rb¨ Avwg
we‡`Övn Kwe bRi“j Bmjv‡gi c`vsK AbymiY K‡i D`©y I
dvwm© ch©š— e¨envi K‡iwQ|Õ
PigcÎ bvgwU w`‡qwQ‡jb ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi GKwbô
Kg©x AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb| Avi Pigc‡Îi Abb¨ PwiÎwU
gyKyj Q°y wgqv‡K m…wó K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi cwiwPZ GK XvKvBqv
AvnmvbDj¬vni Av`‡j| eKwkevRv‡ii GB AvnmvbDj¬vn
gyw³hy‡×i mgq ivRvKvi evwnbx‡Z bvg wjwL‡qwQj, Zv‡K
nZ¨v K‡i gyw³‡hv×viv|
‡PŠMvQvq Av¯—vbv Mvo‡Q| ‡nB RvqMvq Avg‡Mv cvwK¯—vbx
‡mvjRviiv ‡hg‡Z KBiv Mi“i ‡Mv‡mi Kveve LvBwQj,
GBevi we”Pyiv K‡qK NÈvi gvB‡Ï Avg‡Mv ‡nBme
‡mvjRvi‡Mv Kveve evbvBj| ‡Miv‡gi evOvjxiv gnvLykx|
‡niv MvgQv DovBqv we”Py‡Mv ‡Lvm Avg‡`` RvbvBZv‡Q|
Q¨vi, mwZ¨ K_v KB‡Z wK, ivRvKvi‡Mv Kv‡Q Anb `yBUv
gvÎ iv¯—v ‡Lvjv iB‡Q| nq, GKUv ivB‡dj Avi 30 ivDÛ
133
m~wPcÎ |
¸wj jBqv mv‡iÛvi Kiv| Avi bv nq ÔgDZ ‡Ziv cyKvi
Zv|Õ `yB wKwQ‡gi KvieviB PjZv‡Q| cvwK¯—vbx ‡mvjRvi‡Mv
Avt evt wdÖ| gv‡b wKbv Avnvi I evm¯’vb wdÖ nBqv ‡M‡Q|
nM&Mj ‡mvjRviB AvRivBj ‡d‡ikZvi LvZvq bvg
wjLvBZv‡Q| GB wi‡cvU© cvBqv ‡jt ‡Rbv‡ij Avgxi
Ave`yj¬vn Lvb wbqvRx wK ivM? AvZKv Nvo ‡Zov KBiv
`¨v‡L wK, wm‡jU ‡m±‡ii ‡jt K‡Y©j Rvb ‡gvnv¤§`,
‡g‡nicy‡ii ‡gRi ewmi Lvb, iscy‡ii K‡Y©j A¤^i Lvb Avi
gv`vwicyi-ewikv‡ji ‡gRi gvneye ‡gvnv¤§` gv_v wbPy KBiv
LvovBqv iB‡Q| nM&Mj RvqMvi wi‡cvU© Lye LZibvK| wcc-
wcc| wcc-wcc| ‡Rbv‡ij wcuqvRx mvÕ‡e ‡iwWIMÖv‡g gQyqv
mgÖvU ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi Kv‡Q wi‡cvU© cvVvB‡jv|
ÔAvg‡Mv Anb Kydv UvBg ïi“ nB‡Q| Av‡iv ‡mvjRvi cvVvb
e½vj gyj¬y‡K|Õ
e¨vm| Lybx Bqvwnqv Lvb ûBw¯‹i M¬vm nv‡Z wkqvj‡KvU
_vBK¨v Rjw` Bmjvgvev‡` Iqvcm AvB‡jv| GWfvBRvi‡Mv
j‡M ¸dZv¸ Kivi Ki‡bi ci, ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv bqv
wKwQ‡gi wUÖKm Kivi jvBM¨v ‡`v¯—‡Mv Kv‡Q Lei cvVvB‡jv|
d‡ib ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡mvjZvBb¨v wbDBqK©-c¨vwim-eb _vBK¨v
avIqv LvBqv ‡diZ AvB‡jv Avi eOvj gyj¬y‡Ki MeYiÖ V¨vUv
gv‡jBK¨v XvKvi _‡b wcwÛ hvBqv nvwRi nB‡jv| eyÇv wej¬x
byi“j Avgxb Av‡Mi _‡bB cvwK¯—v‡b iB‡Q| Bmjv‡gi hg,
‡Mvjvg Avhg Avi Lyjbvi Le‡ii KvM‡Ri nKvi G‡R›U-gš¿x
gIjvbv BDmyBc¨v Bmjvgvev‡` hvBqv ÔB‡qP Q¨viÕ KB‡jv|
Avi jviKvbvi ‡cvsUv ‡cvjv RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv g‡`i
wMjvm nv‡Z Zy ‡gwi gvbwK ‡gvwZ n¨vq Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z
PvKjvjv wegvbe›`‡i Dcw¯’Z nB‡jv| ‡UwjMÖvg cvBqv bZyb
gvgy, cyivbv PvPv, civ‡bi ‡`v¯—- nM&M‡j AvBm¨v nvwRi
nB‡jv|
Gw`‡K XvKvi Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? ‡nB w`b AvZKv KB _‡b
Avgv‡Mv Kvj¬y wgqv, hv‡i gnj¬vi gvBb‡l Av`i KBiv Kvj¬y
KBqv Wv‡K- ‡nB Kvj¬y AvBm¨v nvwRi| ‡eWvq wPZKvi
KiZvwQj| fvBmveiv Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? wcAvBG ‡c¬b
mvwf©m bvBK¨v| `yB PvBi Lvb ‡h ‡U‡ib PjZvwQj, ‡nB¸jvi
Pv°v e‡›`v| evm mvwf©m ‡Zv Av‡MB B¯—dv| XvKv _vBK¨v
evBivB‡bi nM&Mj iv¯—v e›`&|
wPj¬vbx _vgvBqv Kvj¬y Avgv‡Mv Kv‡Q AvM¸Bqv AvB‡jv| Av‡¯—
KBiv wRMvB‡jv, Av”Qv fvBmve, we”Py Kv‡i Kq? ‡niv
‡`L‡Z K¨vgb? ‡n‡Mv ‡W‡ik wK iK‡gi?
AvZKv Avgv‡Mv eKwkevRv‡ii Q°y wgqv GKUv evBk nvRvi
UvKv `v‡gi nvwm w`qv MjvUvi gvB‡Ï ‡Rvi LvKivwb gvBiv
KB‡jv, Avgv‡Mv KvDjv GKUv Avnv¤§K| hy‡×i ïi“ nIqvi
mv‡o AvUgvm ev‡` nvjvq wRMvBZv‡Q we”Py‡Mv ‡W‡ik wK
iK‡gi! Zq ‡nvb| Giv nBZv‡Q w`bKv ‡gvwnbx, ivZKv
evwNbx, cjK cj‡K gQyqv N‡l|Õ ‡nBw`b hviv ebvbx‡Z
cÖv³b MebiÖ ‡gv‡bg Lvu‡i gvW©vi KBiv ‡ni jvm Mv‡qe
KBiv dvjvB‡jv- ‡n‡Mv we”Py Kq| G‡Mv ‡Kv‡bv ‡W‡ik bvB|
n-A-A-A| ‡nB w`°vi Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? ‡jsov, Kvbv
‡Lvov, ‡evPv ‡hBme eyoveywo cvÄvwe gQyqv Avwg© _‡b
PvKwi‡Z wiUvqvi Ki‡bi ci ¯§vMwjs Avi we‡jK gv‡K©‡Ui
wewR‡bm Ki‡ZwQj, Rw½ ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb nM&M‡j‡iB
jovB Ki‡bi jvBM¨v Kj Ki‡Q| wi‡cvU© bv Ki‡j 7 eQ‡ii
mkÖg Kviv`Û| GB¸jv‡iB Kq Kvgv‡bi ‡LvivK| GB Lei
ïBb¨v we”Py‡Mv gyL w`qv A°‡i jvjv co‡Z ïi“ Ki‡Q|
gQyqv ‡Kvev‡q wK Avivg fvB, gQyqv ‡Kvev‡q wK Avivg!
‡hB iKg Lei cvBZvwQ, Zv‡Z g‡b nq ‡ivRvi C‡`i ci
_vBK¨vB evOvwj ‡Mwijviv cvMjv n‡q DV‡Q| nv‡Zi Kv‡Q
`vjvj, ivRvKvi Avi gQyqv ‡mvjRvi cvB‡jB evwo, Av‡i
evwo ‡i evwo! cvwK¯—vb evwnbxi Ae¯’v A°‡i ‡Qiv‡eiv|
GBw`‡K RvwZms‡Ni ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij D _v›U ‡cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv‡i mv‡cvU© ‡`I‡bi jvBM¨v ‡h wUÖKm KiwQj, ‡nBUv
wf Miei nBqv ‡Mj| D_v›U mv‡e XvKvq RvwZms‡Ni 35 Rb
mv`v Pvgovi Awdmvi ‡cvw÷s‡qi ci ‡n‡Mv nvZ w`qv w`weŸ
cvwK¯—vb Avwg©‡i gvjcvwb Avi im` ‡RvMvB‡ZwQj| ‡nivB
Anb gyw³evwnbxi gvB‡ii ‡Pv‡U SvBov e¨vsKv‡i
‡`ŠovBZv‡Q| e¨vsKv‡i eBm¨v we‡`kx mvsevw`K‡Mv KB‡Q ‡h
XvKvi Ae¯’v Lye Lvivc| mg¯— d‡ibviiv fvM‡bi jvBM¨v
myU‡Km ¸QvBZv‡Q| ‡h ‡Kv‡bv UvBg Avmj Kvievi n‡q
‡h‡Z cv‡i| Avm‡jB evOvwj ‡Mwijviv ‡WBÄvivm!
G¨vt G¨vt| PvB‡iv gyov cvwb cvBqv gywÝM‡Äi we”Pyiv GKUv
ReŸi Kvg KBiv eB‡Q| Zv‡Mv Kv_vevZ©vi aibUvB Avjv`v|
KB bv ‡Zv! Avgv‡Mv gywÝM‡Ä ‡Kv‡bv UvB‡gB gQyqv AvwQ‡jv
bv ‡Zv! Avgiv ‡Kv‡bvw`bB cvwK¯—vbx ‡Kv‡bv ‡mvjRvi ‡`wL
bvBK¨v!
Kq wK! nvwÇi wnmve ch©š— bvB, me jvk Mv‡qe| AvRivBj
‡d‡ikZv ch©š— gv_v LyRZv‡Q| ‡KBmUv wK! Rvb KeR
Kijvg wVKB| wKš‘ jvm bvBK¨v! A°‡i fvbygwZi ‡LBj!
GBw`‡K wm‡jU UvDb Av›`vi, iscy‡i ‡Kv`vwjqv gvBi,
‡g‡nicy‡i ‡NivI, Ck¦iw` Gqvi‡cvU© Wvwek, Kywóqvq gQyqviv
gDZ Kv mvgvb ‡j P‡j; wK‡kviM‡Ä mvB‡j›U evq‡¯‹vc,
Pvu`cyi, ewikvj gv`vwicy‡i `wiqvi gB‡Ï
Pyevwb| h‡kv‡i ‡MÄvg Avi e¸ovq BWv ‡KsKv
KB‡i n‡jv ‡i!
XvKv Gqvi‡cv‡UiÖ K‡›UÖvj UvIqvi ¸ov, ivbI‡q‡Z
A‡bK¸jv cyKyi, KswKª‡Ui evsKv‡i k‡q k‡q cvwK¯—vbx
‡mvjRvi‡Mv jvk| AvRivBj ‡d‡ikZv IfviUvBg KBivI
wnmve wgjvB‡Z cviZv‡Q bv| Lvwj ‡bvU KiZv‡Q, ‡ki
‡gvnv¤§` Lvb, jv‡nvi Ges Mqin| GB Mqi‡ni g‡a¨ wKš‘
k wZ‡bK gQyqv ‡mvjRv‡ii bvg iB‡Q|
GBw`‡K GK`j gyw³evwnbx Avevi ‡g‡nicy‡i nvwRi nBqv
Av‡i avIqvbx ‡i avIqvbx| GKB m‡½ gU©vi Avi
‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj|
KBwQjvg bv, Avgv‡Mv UvBg AvBe? GK gv‡N kxZ hvBe bv|
‡fvgv ‡fvgv mvB‡Ri cvwK¯—vbx ‡mvjRviiv GKw`‡bi hy‡×
‡MvUv K‡qK U¨vsK dvjvBqv ‡Pvu ‡`Šo| LvwbK `~i hvB‡ZB
‡`‡n wK? Av‡iK`j we”Py Lvwj WvKZv‡Q, Av wU wU wU|
‡Miv‡gi M…n‡¯—i eDiv ‡hgb KBiv gyiwM‡i Avavi LvI‡bi
jvBM¨v WvK ‡`q| wVK ‡ng‡Z KBiv evOvjx ‡M›`v ‡cvjv¸jv
Kx ‡mv›`i WvK w`Zv‡Q Av wU wU wU|
‡nici eyS‡ZB cvi‡Z‡Qb| N¨vUvN¨vU, N¨vUvN¨vU, N¨vUvN¨vU,
N¨vUvN¨vU| K‡qK k gQyqv nvjvK nBj| GB Lei bv cvBqv,
cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U ‡mbvcwZ Bqvwnqv Lvb A°‡i Ns Ns
KBi¨v KvB›`v fivB‡Q| nvjvKy Lvb, ‰Zgyi js, bvw`i kvn,
wnUjvi, gy‡mvwjwb ‡Zv‡Rv Avi AveŸvRvb AvBqye Lv‡bi bv‡g
Kmg LvBqv Lvwj mgv‡b we‡`wk ivóÖ¸jv‡i ‡UwjMÖvg
KiZv‡Q| ‡ní, ‡ní|
wKš‘K gDjywe mv‡e eûZ ‡jU KBiv ‡djvB‡Qb| ALb
evsjv‡`‡ki jovB‡qi gq`v‡b Lyb Kv e`jv Ly‡bi Kvievi
PjZv‡Q| gyw³evwnbxi we”Pyiv nBZv‡Q, w`bKv ‡gvwnbx,
ivZKv evwNbx, cjK cj‡K gQyqv N‡l|
‡nBi jvBM¨v ïi“‡Z KBwQjvg, `g gvIjv, Kv‡`i gvIjv|
cv`wUKv : Pigc‡Îi hy×Kvjxb Kw_Kv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Dc‡iiwU
K¬vwmK ch©v‡q c‡o| G‡¶‡Î mgq I GKUv eo f~wgKv ‡i‡L‡Q|
gyw³ evwnbx evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK AÂjB gy³ K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q|
fviZ‡K AvKªgY K‡i‡Q cvwK¯—vb Av‡Mi w`b 3 wW‡m¤^i| IB
wegvb nvgjv Avi e¬¨vK AvD‡Ui g‡a¨B GgAvi AvLZvi gyKyj
GwU iPbv K‡ib hv AmvaviY ej‡j Kg ejv nq|
134
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j : Ab¨iKg GK`j gyw³‡hv×v
Awg ingvb wcqvj
Kíbvi ‡Pv‡L fveyb `…k¨Uv! meyR Rwg‡b jvj m~‡h©i gvSLvbUvq njy` gvbwPÎ-
cZcwZ‡q Do‡Q ZL‡bv bv Rb¥v‡bv GKwU ‡`‡ki KvíwbK GK cZvKv| Avi Zv
m`‡c© DwP‡q gvV `vcv‡”Qb GK`j Zi“Y| GivI gyw³‡hv×v| wKš‘ nv‡Z e›`yK
‡bB| Rvwm© Avi kU©m cv‡q eyU c‡i cZvKvi gvb ivL‡Z mviv fviZ Ry‡o ‡L‡j
‡eov‡”Q Zviv| Avwg ¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `‡ji K_v ejwQ|
AvBwWqvUv kvgmyj n‡Ki gv_v ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q‡Q| Ry‡bi ‡mB `~iš— w`b¸‡jv‡Z
KjKvZvq wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib evsjv‡`k Kªxov mwgwZ Ges wm×vš— ‡bb GKwU
dyUej `j MV‡bi hviv mviv fviZRy‡o ‡L‡j mg_©b Av`vq Ki‡e Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxb
evsjvi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨| Zvi mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q G‡jb mwgwZi cÖ_g ‡m‡KªUvwi jyZdi
ingvb, ‡KvP Avjx Bgvg I B÷ GÛ K¬v‡ei mv‡eK dyUejvi mvC`yi ingvb
c¨v‡Uj|
Zv‡`i ZrciZvq fvi‡Zi AvKvkevYx‡Z GKwU wee…wZ cÖPvi n‡jv hv‡Z c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡bi mg¯— dyUejvi‡K ‡hvM w`‡Z ejv n‡jv GKwU we‡kl wVKvbvq| ‡NvlYv
w`‡Z evwK, Kw`‡b g‡a¨B ‡KvP bbx emv‡Ki (Pjw”PÎ Awf‡bÎx keb‡gi evev)
we‡kl 30 R‡bi g‡Zv ‡L‡jvqvo UÖvqv‡j ‡hvM w`‡jb| Zv‡`i ga¨ ‡_‡K 25
Rb‡K evQvB Kiv n‡jv| c‡i Aek¨ fviZ md‡i Av‡iv ‡ek KRb ‡L‡jvqvo
`‡j ‡hvM ‡`b| cvK© mvK©vm Gwfby¨i ‡KvKv‡Kvjv wewìs‡qi GKwU i“‡g _vK‡Zb
dyUejviiv| Avi cª¨vKwUm Ki‡Zb cv‡ki gv‡VB|
24 RyjvB G‡jv ‡mB HwZnvwmK w`b| RvKvwiqv wc›Uyi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cwðg e‡Oi
b`xqv ‡Rjvq K…òbMi ‡÷wWqv‡g K…òbMi GKv`‡ki wec‡¶ cÖ_g ‡Lj‡Z bv‡g|
jvj-meyRiv ‡LjvwU WÖ nq 2-2 ‡Mv‡j| Z‡e G wb‡q nB nƇMvj Kg nqwb| wek¦
wgwWqv mgv‡jvPbv K‡i Ggb g¨v‡Pi| djkÖywZ‡Z b`xqvi ‡Rjv cÖkvmK mvm‡cÛ
nb Awdwmqvj GKwU `j bvgv‡bvq, Avi fviZxq dyUej G‡mvwm‡qkb
(AvBGdG) eva¨ nq b`xqv dyUej A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi mn‡hvMx c` evwZj Ki‡Z|
mv‡eK wewmwe g¨v‡bRvi Zvbwfi gvRnvi Bmjvg Zvbœv wQ‡jb `jwUi g¨v‡bRvi|
Zvi fvlvq, 'fvi‡Zi ‡hLv‡bB wM‡qwQ Avgiv, cÖPÊ mvov ‡c‡qwQ mvaviY
gvby‡li|' AwabvqK wc›Uyi fvlvq, 'GB NUbvi ci cÖwZc¶ Avi Awdwmqvj bvg
e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GgbwK ‡gvnbevMvb ‡L‡j‡Q ‡Mvócvj GKv`k bv‡g|
gRv n‡qwQj gy¤^vB‡q- gnvivóÖ GKv`‡ki n‡q ‡L‡jwQ‡jb ¯^qs beve gbmyi Avjx
Lvb c‡ZŠw` (fviZxq Awf‡bZv mvBd Avjx Lv‡bi evev) Ges Avgv‡`i wec‡¶
GKwU ‡MvjI K‡ib| Avgvi GL‡bv ‡Pv‡L fv‡m ¯^qs w`jxc Kygvi G‡mwQ‡jb
g¨vPwU ‡`L‡Z Ges GK j¶ i“wc Aby`vbI ‡`b `j‡K|'
‡gvU 6wU g¨vP ‡L‡j‡Q ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k dyUej `j| Gi g‡a¨ wR‡Z‡Q 3wU, WÖ
K‡i‡Q 1wU Avi ‡n‡i‡Q `ywU‡Z| w`j¬x‡Z Avi GKwU g¨vP ‡Lj‡Z hvevi wVK
Av‡M Gj AmvaviY LeiwU- evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡mw`b wQj 16
wW‡m¤^i| ¯^vaxb evsjv `‡ji m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ jyrdi ingvb, bbx emvK, Avjx
Bgvg, gvngy` I jvjy Avi Avgv‡`i gv‡S ‡bB| Gbv‡qZ, mvC`yi ingvb c¨v‡Uj
I kvnRvnvb gvwK©b cÖevmx| ‡Mvwe›` KyÛy I wbnvi fvi‡Z Awfevmb wb‡q‡Qb|
Avi ‡MvjwKcvi Awbiƒ× cvKvcvwKfv‡e _vK‡Qb `yevB‡Z| evwKiv Qwo‡q wQwU‡q
Av‡Qb ‡`‡ki Avbv‡PKvbv‡P, wKš‘ Zv‡`i exiZ¡ Mv_v we‡eK _vK‡j fyj‡e bv
evOvjx|
¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j
RvKvwiqv wc›Uy (AwabvqK), cÖZvc ksKi nvRiv (mn-AwabvqK), KvRx
mvjvnDwÏb, bI‡kiD¾vgvb, ‡jt byi“bœex, Zvmwjg, AvBbyj nK, ‡LvKb
(ivRkvnx), jyrdi (h‡kvi), ‡kL Avkivd Avjx, Ag‡jk ‡mb, nvwKg (h‡kvi),
Avwgbyj Bmjvg myi“R (ewikvj), wegj (PÆMÖvg), myfvl P›`Ö mvnv (biwmsw`),
gywRei ingvb, Kvq‡Kvev`, wQi“, mvËvi, mbwRr, ‡gv‡gb ‡RvqvÏ©vi (PÆMÖvg),
mvC`yi ingvb c¨v‡Uj, ‡cqviv (mv‡eK ‡m‡KªUvwi Kywóqv ‡Rjv Kªxov ms¯’v),
Gbv‡qZyi ingvb Lvb, kvnRvnvb, Awbi“×, wbnvi, ‡Mvwe›` KyÛy, cÖqvZ Avjx
Bgvg, cÖqvZ jvjy, cÖqvZ gvngy`|
K…ZÁZv : nvmvb gvmy` (wewewm)
135
m~wPcÎ |
evsjv Abyev‡` †mB
KvjRqx Mvb
KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k cÖMvp ‡e`bv ‡Pv‡L wb‡q
eÜy G‡m e‡j AvR Zvi
mvnvh¨ ‡h K‡Zv `iKvi
GKivgyj nK kvgxg hLb g…Z¨ycyix ZviB ¯^‡`k

1 AvM÷ 1971| wbD BqK© wmwUi ‡gwWmb ¯‹qv‡i nvwRi
n‡qwQ‡jb 40 nvRvi gvbyl| c…w_exi AcicÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z
‡QvÆ GKwU ‡`k evsjv‡`k| ‡mBLv‡b GKB mg‡q gviv
hvw”Qj nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl| PjwQj gyw³hy×| ‡mB mg‡q
evsjv‡`k‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡qwQj
GKwU Kbmv‡U©i| hvi bvg KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k|
iwek¼i Ges weUjm Gi RR© n¨vwimb KbmvU©wUi
Av‡qvRb K‡iwQ‡jb|‡hLv‡b RR© n¨vwimb Zvi evsjv‡`k,
evsjv‡`k MvbwUi gva¨‡g wek¦evmx‡K AvnŸvb
Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb evsjv‡`k‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z|
My friend came to me, with sadness in his eyes
He told me that he wanted help
Before his country dies
Although I couldn’t feel the pain, I knew I had to try
Now I’m asking all of you
To help us save some lives
Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh
Where so many people are dying fast
And it sure looks like a mess
I’ve never seen such distress
Now won’t you lend your hand and understand
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh
Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh
Such a great disaster - I don’t understand
But it sure looks like a mess
I’ve never known such distress
Now please don’t turn away, I want to hear you say
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh
Relieve Bangla Desh
hw`I ‡e`bvi gg© eywSwb
Zey cv‡k `vuov‡Z wØav Kwiwb
‡Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q GB AvnŸvb
GwM‡q G‡mv evuPv‡Z wKQy cÖvY
wbwe©‡kl
evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
‡hLv‡b `ª“Z K‡Zv gi‡Q Abvnv‡i
hLb ‡cŠ‡Q‡Q wbwðZ wek…•Ljvi Øv‡i
KL‡bv ‡`wL wb Avwg Ggb aŸsmhÁ
evov‡e bv nvZ mn‡hvwMZvi
GKUy cÖqvm Dcjwä Avi
evPvI gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
Ggb fqvj wech©q
Avwg eywS bv ‡Kb ‡h nq
wbwðZ ‡Kej wek…•Lj Ae‡kl
KL‡bv ‡`wLwb Avwg Ggb Ki“b‡ek
GLb m‡i ‡hIbv ‡Zvgiv `y‡i
Avwg ‡`L‡Z PvB ej‡Qv GKB my‡i
evPvI gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
evPvI evsjv‡`k
Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
Now it may seem so far from where we all are nq‡Zv g‡b n‡e eû `yi e¨eavb
It’s something we can’t neglect Avgv‡`i ‡hLv‡b AvR Ae¯’vb
It’s something I can’t neglect GwU GgbwKQy hv‡K cvwi bv Avgiv Ki‡Z Ae‡njv
Now won’t you give some bread to get the starving fed GwU GgbwKQy hv‡K cvwi bv Avwg Ki‡Z Ae‡njv
We’ve got to relieve Bangla Desh Zywg wK w`‡e bv wKQy i“wU GLb
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh Zv‡`i, Pig ¶yavq KvZi Zviv hLb
We’ve got to relieve Bangla Desh Avgv‡`i evPv‡Z n‡e evsjv‡`k
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh evPv‡Z n‡e gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
Avgv‡`i evPv‡Z n‡e evsjv‡`k
evPv‡Z n‡e gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k 136
m~wPcÎ |
jvj meyR cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkv-cÖ‡YZv
gybZvwmi Avjg/ gvKmy`
evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkv-cÖ‡YZv wnmv‡e
cUyqv Kvgi“j nvmv‡bi bvg cÖPwjZ _vK‡jI m¤cÖwZ
cÖKvwkZ cwÎKvi wi‡cvU© I Ab¨Î ‡_‡K cÖvß
Z_¨vbymv‡i, evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkv cÖ‡YZv
wQ‡jb wkebvivqY `vk|
wkebvivqY `vk evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq cZvKvi cÖ_g
wWRvBbvi| wZwb GKRb ¯^fve AvuwK‡q Qv·bZv
wQ‡jb| 1970 mv‡ji 6 Ryb evsjv‡`k cÖ‡KŠkj
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ‡k‡ievsjv n‡ji 401 bs (DËi) K‡¶
ivZ GMviUvi ci cy‡iv cZvKvi wWRvBb m¤úbœ K‡ib|
G cZvKvB cieZ©x‡Z 1971 Gi 2 gvP© XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjvq D‡ËvwjZ nq (1)|
1 cwievi
wkebvivqY `v‡ki wcZv mZxkP›`Ö `vk| wZwb Kywgj¬v‡Z
Avq~‡e©` wPwKrmv Ki‡Zb| 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy×
PjvKvjxb cvK nvbv`viiv Zv‡K a‡i wb‡q nZ¨v K‡i|
wkebvivqY `v‡ki ¯¿xi bvg MxZkÖx ‡PŠayix Ges GK mš—
vb AY©e Avw`Z¨ `vk|(1)
2 QvÎ ivRbxwZ
wkebvivqY `vk cÖ_g fvlv ‰mwbK ax‡i›`Öbv_ `‡Ëi nvZ
a‡i ivRbxwZ‡Z Av‡mb| 1962 mv‡ji wk¶v Av‡›`vjb
AskMÖnY K‡i KviveiY K‡ib (1)|
3 cZvKv wWRvB‡bi ‡cÖ¶vcU
1970 mv‡ji 7 Ryb ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ivRavbx
XvKvi cëb gq`v‡b AbywôZ Qv·`i GK mvgwiK
KyPKvIqv‡R e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi AskMÖn‡Yi
K_v wQj| GB j‡¶¨ Qv·`i wb‡q GKwU Rqevsjv evwn-
bx MVb Kiv nq| Qv·bZviv GB evwnbxi GKwU cZvKv
cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkvwe`
wb‡q wKQz weåvwš—
wec¬e ingvb
¯^vaxb evsjvi cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkvwe` m¤ú‡K©
mne¬Mvi jyrdyj Av‡idxb Zvui mv¤cÖwZK ‡jLvq
(http://www.sachalayatan.com/are-
fin/12317) wKQyUv Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb| GB
‡jLvi m~Î a‡i evsjv DBwKwcwWqvi wbijmKg©x
ivwMe fvBmn ‡ek K‡qKRb Rvb‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb,
Avm‡jB ¯^vaxb evsjvi cÖ_g cZvKvi bKkvwe`
‡K?
cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkvwe` wn‡m‡e cvV¨-cy¯—Kmn
me©ÎB cUyqv Kvgi“j nvmv‡bi bvgB cÖPvwiZ n‡q
Avm‡Q| N›UvwZ‡bK Aš—R©v‡j AbymÜvb Pvwj‡qI
cvIqv ‡M‡Q Kvgi“j nvmv‡biB bvg| G wel‡q
¯úó aviYvi Rb¨ Avwg kiYvcbœ n‡qwQjvg,
gyw³hy‡×i wewkó M‡elK GgGgAvi Rvjvj
fvB‡qi| Rvjvj fvB‡qi ‡`Iqv Z_¨ Abyhvqx,
dwi`v Bqvmwg‡bi e¨w³ D‡`¨v‡M 1993 mv‡ji
gv‡P© cÖKvwkZ 'evOvwji RvZxq msMÖvg: gyw³hy‡×
PÆMÖvg' MÖ‡š’i ‡jLK Wv. gvndyRyi ingvb
Rvbv‡”Qb :
Mvp meyR Rwg‡bi Ici ‡K‡›`Ö jvj e…‡Ëi gv‡S
njy` gvbwPÎmn evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKvi cÖ_g
bKkvwe` Kvgi“j nvmvb bb| GB cZvKvwU
wkebvivqY `v‡ki Kiv|
1970 mv‡ji 6 Ryb kvRvnvb wkiv‡Ri Rûi“j
nK n‡ji (ZLbKvi BKevj nj) 118 b¤^i i“‡g
cZvKvwUi bKkv Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| ‡mjvB K‡i 137

m~wPcÎ |
‰Zwii wm×vš— ‡bq (1)|
GB j‡¶¨ 1970 mv‡ji 6 Ryb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
mv‡R©›U Rûi“j nK n‡ji (ZrKvjxb BKevj nj) 116
bs K‡¶ QvÎjxM ‡bZv Av m g Ave`yi ie, kvnRvnvb
wmivR, KvRx Av‡id Avng`, gvk©vj gwbi“j Bmjvg
cZvKvi cwiKíbv wb‡q ‰eV‡K e‡mb| G ‰eV‡K Av‡iv
Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb QvÎjxM ‡bZv ¯^cb Kygvi ‡PŠayix, RMbœv_
K‡j‡Ri QvÎjxM ‡bZv bRi“j Bmjvg, Kywgj¬v ‡Rjv
QvÎjx‡Mi mvavib m¤úv`K I ‡K›`Öxq Qv·bZv wkeb-
vivqb `vk, cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vjq QvÎjxM mvaviY
mvaviY m¤úv`K nvmvbyj nK Bby I Qv·bZv BDmyd
mvjvDwÏb|
mfvq KvRx Av‡i‡di cÖv_wgK cÖ¯—vebvi Dci wfwË K‡i
mevi Av‡jvPbv ‡k‡l meyR Rwg‡bi Dci jvj m~‡h©i
gv‡S njy` i‡Oi evsjvi gvbwPÎ LwPZ cZvKv ‰Zwii
wm×vš— nq| Gici cÖ‡KŠkj wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ‡k‡i evsjv
n‡ji 116 bs K‡¶ ivZ GMviUvi ci wkebvivqY `vk
cy‡iv cZvKv wWRvBb m¤úbœ K‡ib (1)|
‡mB iv‡ZB wbDgv‡K©U GjvKvi ejvKv wewìs‡qi 3
Zjvi QvÎjxM Awd‡mi cv‡k wbD cvK d¨vkb
‡UBjv‡m©i ‡UBjvm© gv÷vi Lv‡jK ‡gvnv¤§`x cZvKvi
bKkv ey‡S KvR ïi“ K‡ib| Zviv ‡fv‡ii g‡a¨B
K‡qKwU cZvKv ‰Zwi K‡i ‡`b (1)|
4 cZvKv D‡Ëvjb
4.1 Ryb 7, 1970
7 Ryb 1970 G AbywôZ KyPKvIqv‡Ri ‡bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vb
K‡ib Av m g Ave`yi ie| Aí ‡cQ‡b cZvKv nv‡Z
Awabvq‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib nvmvbyj nK Bby| ie
‡mB cZvKv e½eÜyi nv‡Z Zy‡j ‡`b Ges ‡kL gywReyi
ingvb ‡mB cZvKv QvÎ-RbZvi mvg‡b Zy‡j a‡ib|
Gici Bby cZvKvwU Zvi K‡¶ wb‡q hvb Ges mncvwV
kixd byi“j Avw¤^qv ‡k‡i evsjv n‡ji 404 K‡¶i
Lwei“¾vgvb‡K cZvKvwU ev‡· jywK‡q ivL‡Z e‡jb|
Gici GKvˇii ïi“‡Z bMi QvÎjx‡Mi mvaviY
m¤úv`K ‡kL Rvwn` ‡nv‡mb cZvKvwU wb‡q hvb Zvi
gvwjev‡Mi evmvq (1)|
cZvKv cÖ¯—yZ n‡qwQ‡jv wbD gv‡K©U-ejvKv
GjvKvi 'wbD cvK d¨vkvb ‡UBjvm©' bvgK `wR©i
‡`vKv‡b|
IB i“‡g e‡m cZvKvwUi bKkv Kivi cwiKíbv
4.2 gvP© 2, 1971 K‡ib KvRx Av‡id Avng`, Avmg Avãyi ie,
kvRvnvb wkivR, gwbi“j Bmjvg Ii‡d gvk©vj
1971 Gi 1 gvP© RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ nevi gwb, nvmvbyj nK Bby I wkebvivqY `vm|
ci XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjvq GK wekvj mgv‡ek ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i gvbwPÎ ev` w`‡q cUyqv Kvgi“j
nq| G mgv‡e‡k Av m g Ave`yi ie hLb e³…Zv nvmv‡bi RvZxq cZvKvwUi P~ovš— bKkv
KiwQ‡jb, ZLb bMi QvÎjxM ‡bZv ‡kL Rvwn` ‡nv‡mb miKvwifv‡e Aby‡gv`b Kiv nq|
GKwU evu‡ki gv_vq cZvKv ‡eu‡a ‡iv‡Kqv n‡ji w`K
‡_‡K g¯’‡j wgwQj wb‡q GwM‡q Av‡mb| ie ZLb ‡mB `ytLRbK n‡jI mwZ¨, BwZnv‡mi a~mi cvZvq
cZvKv Zy‡j a‡ib (1)| GB cZvKvi cÖ_g bKkvwe` wkebvivqY `v‡ki
bvg LyeB A¯úó A¶‡i ‡jLv|
4.3 gvP© 23, 1971
1971 mv‡ji 23 gvP© cvwK¯—vb w`e‡m mviv evsjvq
cvwK¯—v‡bi cZKvi cwie‡Z© wkebvivqb `v‡ki wWRvBb
Kiv cZvKv D‡ËwjZ nq|
5 cZvKvq cwieZ©b
1972 mv‡j ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi miKvi wkebvivqb
`v‡ki wWRvBb K…Z cZvKvi gv‡S gvbwPÎwU ev` w`‡q
cZvKvi gvc, iO, I Zvi e¨vL¨v m¤^wjZ GKwU
cÖwZ‡e`b w`‡Z e‡j cUzqv Kvgi“j nvmvb‡K| Kvgi“j
nvmvb Øviv cwigvwR©Z iƒcwUB eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki
RvZxq cZvKv (1,2)|
6 eZ©gvb Ae¯’vb
wkebvivqb `vk eZ©gv‡b XvKvi gwbcy‡i emevm Ki‡Qb|
7 Z_¨m~Î
1. ‰`wbK Avgv‡`i mgq, wW‡m¤^i 18, 2007
2. Kvgi“j nvmvb-evsjvwcwWqv ‡deÖyqvwi 2007
GB †jLvi Z_¨vejx I ‡jLv evsjv DBwKwcwWqv †_‡K
wRGbBD wdÖ WKy‡g‡›Ukb jvB‡m‡Ýi Aax‡b ‡bIqv|
138
m~wPcÎ |
'71 Gi NvZK-`vjvj : ivRvKvi cwiwPwZ
Awg ingvb wcqvj
ivRvKvi evwnbx I ivRvKvi‡`i msMVb K‡iwQj ZrKvjxb
cvwK¯—vb miKvi| ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb 1971 mv‡ji Ryb
gv‡m ivRvKvi Aa¨v‡`k Rvwi K‡iwQ‡jb| c~e©Zb Avbmvi,
gyRvwn`‡`i wb‡q cÖv_wgKfv‡e G `j MwVZ nq| wKš‘ c‡i
wewfbœ ‡kÖYxi cvwK¯—vbcš’xiv GB evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM ‡`q| Giv
wQj mk¯¿| nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‡`vmi wn‡m‡eB Zviv
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wei“‡× j‡o‡Q| ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvRx GK
mv¶vrKv‡i Avgv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb ‡h, ivRvKvi evwnbxi wZwbB
mÖóv| Zviv h‡_ó ‡L`gZ K‡i‡Q cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx‡K, ‡h
Kvi‡Y Zvi eBwU wZwb Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨B DrmM© K‡i‡Qb|
ivRvKv‡ii ï× D”PviY '‡iRvKvi'- dviwm kã| '‡iRv' nj
‡¯^”Qv‡mex, 'Kvi' A_© Kg©x| GK K_vq ‡¯^”Qv‡mex| 1947
mv‡j fviZ wefv‡Mi mgq nvq`ivev‡`i wbRvg Awb”QyK
wQ‡jb fvi‡Zi m‡½ wgj‡b| AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨ wZwb MVb
K‡iwQ‡jb GKwU ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbx hvi bvg ‡`Iqv n‡qwQj
‡iRvKvi evwnbx|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq RvgvqvZ ‡bZv G.‡K.Gg BDmyd kãwU avi
K‡ib Ges Lyjbvq ‡iRvKvi evwnbxi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib|
'GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq' MÖ‡š’i Z_¨vbyhvqx,
96 Rb RvgvqvZ Kg©x wb‡q GB evwnbxi m~ÎcvZ hv c‡i
cy‡iv evsjv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o| cy‡e©v³ MÖš’ Abyhvqx-
'cÖkvmwbKfv‡e GB evwnbx‡Z mgv‡Ri wewfbœ ‡kÖYxi ‡jvK
Aš—f©y³ n‡jI Zv‡`i‡K wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i|
cÖ_gZ, hviv 'cvwK¯—vb' I Bmjvg‡K i¶vi Rb¨ evOvjxi
nZ¨v I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mv‡_ hy× Kiv‡K KZ©e¨ g‡b K‡iwQj;
wØZxqZ, hviv jyUcvU, cÖwZ‡kva MÖnY, bvix wbh©vZb Kivi
GKwU my‡hvM MÖnY Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQj Ges Z…ZxqZ, MÖv‡gi
`wi`Ö Awkw¶Z RbMY hviv mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i P‡j ‡h‡Z e¨_©
nq- G ai‡bi ‡jvK‡K cÖjyäKiY, ej cÖ‡qvM ev fxwZ
cÖ`k©‡bi gva¨‡g ivRvKvi evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©y³ Kiv nq|'
ivRvKvi evwnbx hv‡`i wb‡qB MwVZ Kiv ‡nvK bv ‡Kb, GB
evwnbx‡K wbqš¿Y KiZ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx|
ivRvKvi‡`i wewfbœ ¯’vcbv cvnviv ‡`Iqv, gyw³evwnbxi ‡LvuR
Kiv cÖf…wZ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv n‡Zv| evsjv‡`‡ki MÖv‡g M‡Ä
GivB Qwo‡q c‡owQj| ‡m Kvi‡Y, evOvjx‡`i Kv‡Q ivRvKvi
kãwU ‡ewk cwiwPZ n‡q I‡V|
eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k ‡gvUv `v‡M ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡`iB
ivRvKvi bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq| 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k
hviv wQ‡jb Zviv ivRKvi I Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci m‡½ mevB
cwiwPZ| Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 'NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j'
ivRvKv‡ii cwiPqcÎ
this is to certify that Mr. Haroon-ur-Rashid
Khan, S/o Abdul Azim Khan, 36 Purana
Paltan Lane, Dacca-2 is our active worker.
He is true pakistani and dependable. He is
trained Razaker. He has been issued a Rifle
No-776... with ten round ammunition for
self-protection.
Sd/-illegible
IN CHARGE
RAZAKAR AND MUZAHID
JAMAT-E-ISLAM
91/92 Siddique Bazar, Dacca
Avey mvBwq` Zvi 'mvaviY ‡NvlYvi ‡cÖw¶Z I ‡Mvjvg
AvRg' MÖ‡š’ R‰bK ivRvKv‡ii G cwiPqcÎ Zy‡j
w`‡q‡Qb|
Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡j ivRvKvi bvgwU Av‡iv cwiwPZ n‡q
mvaviY fv‡l¨ P‡j Av‡m| ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i GKwU bvU‡Ki
msjvc wQj 'ZyB ivRvKvi'| Gme Kvi‡Y ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax
e¨w³, ‡m Avje`iB ‡nvK ev `vjvjB ‡nvK, cwiwPZ n‡q
I‡V ivRvKvi wn‡m‡e| RvgvqvZ Bmjvg, evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv³b
Avgxi ‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡j‡Qb, Zviv 'ivRvKvi' wQ‡jb bv,
wQ‡jb '‡iRvKvi'| n‡Z cv‡i ‡iRvKvi ï×, wKš‘ gvby‡li
Kv‡Q Aï× ivRvKviB cwiwPZ|
m~Î : Wt gybZvmxi gvgyb (gyw³hy× ‡Kvl PZy_© LÊ)
G.Gm.Gg mvgQyj Av‡iwdb m¤úvw`Z Ôgyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U
e¨w³i Ae¯’vbÕ eB ‡_‡K ‡hvM KiwQ :
1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m gIjvbv G‡KGg BDmy‡di ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 96
Rb RvgvZ Kg©x wb‡q Lyjbvq Avbmvi K¨v‡¤ú cÖ_g GB evwn-
bx MwVZ nq| gIjvbv G‡KGg BDmyd GB evwnbxi bvgKiY
K‡ib ivRvKvi| Ryb gv‡mi miKvix Aa¨v‡`‡k GB bvg
ivóÖxqfv‡e MÖnY Kiv nq| Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni cÖavb ‡gvt
BDmyd‡K ivRvKvi evwnbxi me©vwabvqK Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK
Ae¯’vq 10wU ‡Rjvq Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZv‡`i ivRvKvi
evwnbxi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ ‡`Iqv nq| A¨vWRy‡U›U ev ‡Kv¤úvwb
KgvÛvi ‡_‡K wb‡Pi ¯—‡ii mK‡jB ivRvKvi KgvÛvi‡`i
‡bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ nZ| wKš‘ Ic‡ii ¯—‡ii mK‡jB wQj
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni m`m¨| kvwš— KwgwUi gva¨‡g
ivRvKvi‡`i wiKªyU Kiv nZ| GB evwnbxi ‡ewkifvM m`m¨B
wQj gv`Övmvi ‡gvnv‡Ïm I ‡gv`v‡”Qi| `w¶Ycš’x ivR‰bwZK
`‡ji m`m¨ QvovI MÖv‡gi eû hyeK‡KI GB evwnbx‡Z fwZ©
Kiv nq| cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi cÖZ¨¶ ZË¡veav‡b ivRvKvi
evwnbxi cÖwk¶Y cwiPvwjZ nZ| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
Kjvfe‡bi gvV I wdwRK¨vj K‡j‡Ri gv‡V g~jZ
ivRvKvi‡`i cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nZ| GB evwnbxi cÖwk¶‡Yi
‡gqv` wQj ‡`o mßvn ‡_‡K `yB mßvn| cÖwk¶Y ‡k‡l
ivRvKvi‡`i nv‡Z 303 ivB‡dj Zy‡j ‡`Iqv nZ| ïay D”P
¯—‡ii KgvÛvi‡`i Rb¨ eivÏ wQj ‡÷bMvb|
139
m~wPcÎ |
eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi iƒcKvi Avj-e`i
Awg ingvb wcqvj
[Ô... Avgv‡`i cig ‡mŠfvM¨B ej‡Z n‡e| cvK‡mbvi mn‡hvwMZvq
G G ‡`‡ki BmjvgwcÖq Zi“Y QvÎ mgvR e`i hy‡×i ¯§…wZ‡K
mvg‡b ‡i‡L Avje`i evwnbx MVb K‡i‡Q| e`i hy‡× gymjgvb‡`i
msL¨v wQj wZbkZ ‡Zi| GB ¯§…wZ‡K Aej¤^b K‡i 313 Rb
hye‡Ki mgš^‡q GK GKwU BDwbU MV‡bi wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| e`i
‡hv×v‡`i ‡mBme ¸Yvejxi K_v Avgiv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ, Avje`i
Zi“Y gyRvwn`‡`i g‡a¨ Bbkvj¬vn ‡mB me©¸Yvejx Avgiv ‡`L‡Z
cve|
cvwK¯—v‡bi Av`k© I Aw¯—Z¡ i¶vi `…p msKí wb‡q MwVZ
Avje`‡ii hye‡Kiv Gev‡i e`i w`e‡m bZyb K‡i kc_ wb‡q‡Q,
Zv‡`i ‡Z‡RvÏxß Kg©x‡`i ZrciZvi d‡jB e`i w`e‡mi Kg©m~Px
‡`kevmx Z_v `ywbqvi gymjgvb‡`i mvg‡b Zy‡j ai‡Z mg_©
n‡q‡Q| Bbkvj¬vn, e`i hy‡×i ev¯—e ¯§…wZI Zviv Zy‡j ai‡Z
m¶g| Zi“Y hyeKiv Avgv‡`i mk¯¿ evwnbxi cvkvcvwk `vuwo‡q
wn›`y evwnbx‡K ch©y`¯— K‡i wn›`y¯—vb‡K LZg K‡i mviv we‡k¦
Bmjv‡gi weRq cZvKv DÇxb Ki‡e|Õ
gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, 14 b‡f¤^i 1971, ‰`wbK msMÖvg ]
Avj-e`i wQj 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡× cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi
mn‡hvMx evwnbx| ivRvKvi evwnbx MV‡bi ci Rvgv‡Z
Bmjvgxi QvÎ msMVb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZv Kg©x‡`i w`‡q
Mov GB ‡¯úkvj wKwjs ‡¯‹vqvW| Z‡e ivRvKvi Aa¨v‡`‡ki
g‡Zv ‡Kv‡bv AvBbMZ weav‡b Zv MwVZ nqwb| cvwK¯—vb
‡mbvevwnbxi A¯¿k‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q GB evwnbx ‡`kRy‡o
eyw×Rxwe wba‡b ‡b‡gwQj| ivI digvb Avjxi ‡bvU eB‡q G
e¨vcv‡i we‡kl D‡j¬L cvIqv ‡M‡Q|
Avj-e`i cÖ_g MwVZ nq Rvgvjcyi kn‡i| cvwK¯—vb evwnbx
22 GwcÖj Rvgvjcyi `Lj Kivi ci, ‡mLvbKvi Bmjvgx QvÎ
ms‡Ni mfvcwZ gynv¤§` Avkivd ‡nv‡m‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avje`i
evwnbx MwVZ nq| Rvgvjcyi gnKygvq Avje`i evwnbxi nv‡Z
6 Rb gyw³‡hv×v nZ¨vi K…wZZ¡ RvbvRvwbi ci Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgx ‡bZ…Z¡ Abyaveb Ki‡Z m¶g nq ‡h ivRvKvi‡`i ‡P‡q
DbœZZi ‡gavm¤úbœ ivR‰bwZK mk¯¿ K¨vWvi M‡o ‡Zvjvi
my‡hvM eZ©gvb| 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ ‡_‡KB mviv‡`‡k
Bmjvgx QvÎmsN‡K Avj-e`‡i iƒcvš—wiZ Kiv nq Ges
b‡f¤^‡i ‡kl mßvn ‡_‡KB eyw×Rxwe‡`i ZvwjKv awi‡q ‡`qv
nq Zv‡`i AcniY, wbh©vZb I nZ¨vi Rb¨| ag©xq Db¥v`bvq
eyu` K‡i Zv‡`i GB nZ¨vKv‡Û DØy× Kiv n‡qwQj|
25 b‡f¤^i XvKv kn‡i Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kvh©Kix cwil`
cybM©wVZ nq| GB cwil‡` eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wPd
GKwRwKDUi (cÖavb Rj¬v`) Avkivdy¾vgvbmn eyw×Rxwe
nZ¨vKvix Lybx Avje`i KgvÛviiv Aš—f©y³ nq| eZ©gv‡b
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡K›`Öxq gRwj‡k ïivi m`m¨ kvgmyj
n‡Ki mfvcwZ‡Z¡ MwVZ GB KwgwUi m`m¨iv wQj- 1. ‡gv¯—dv
kIKZ Bgivb, 2. byi ‡gvnv¤§` gwj¬K, 3. G‡KGg ‡gvnv¤§`
Avjx, 4. Avey ‡gvt Rvnv½xi, 5. Avkivdy¾vgvb, 6. Avkg
i“ûj KyÏym, 7. m`©vi Ave`ym mvjvg|
ivRvKvi‡`i m‡½ Avje`i‡`i LvwbKUv ZdvZ wQj|
ivRvKviiv mvgwMÖKfv‡e gyw³‡hv×v‡`i we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q,
msNl© n‡j Lyb K‡i‡Q, jyUcvU I al©Y K‡i‡Q| A‡b‡K
hy×Kvjxb `~ive¯’vi Kvi‡Y eva¨ n‡qI ivRvKvi n‡q‡Q, wKš‘
Avje`i‡`i j¶¨ wQj w¯’i| cÖK…wZ‡Z Zviv wQj wnsmÖ I
wbôyi| Zviv evOvjx eyw×Rxwe‡`i m¤ú~Y© wbt‡kl K‡i w`‡Z
‡P‡q‡Q| KviY Zviv eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQj, ‡h ai‡Yi kvmbe¨e¯’v
Zviv Pvq, eyw×Rxweiv n‡q DV‡e Zvi cÖavb cÖwZeÜK|
gyw³hyׇZv GKwU Av`k©MZ jovBI|
Avje`i‡`i wbôyiZv ‡¶Î we‡k‡l cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx‡KI
nvi gvwb‡q‡Q| GZ wbg©gfv‡e ‡KD ¯^RvwZ‡K n&Z¨v Ki‡Z
cv‡i! ea¨f~wgi Qwe ‡`L‡j Ges eY©bv co‡j g‡b nq Giv
gvbwmKfv‡e my¯’ wQj bv, Db¥v` n‡q wM‡qwQj| Zv‡`i
ZvwjKvfy³‡`i Zviv GKwU wPwV cvVvZ| ‡mUv wQj GiKg :
kqZvb wbg©~j Awfhvb
kqZvb,
eÖv¶Y¨ev`x wn›`y‡`i ‡hme cv PvUv KyKyi Avi fviZxq Bw›`ivev‡`i
`vjvj bvbv QyZvbvZvq gymjgvb‡`i e…nËg Avevmf~wg cvwK¯—vb‡K
aŸsm Kivi e¨_© ‡Póv Ki‡Q Zywg Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg| ‡Zvgvi g‡bvfve,
PvjPjb I KvRKg© ‡Kv‡bvUvB Avgv‡`i ARvbv ‡bB| Awej‡¤^
ûwkqvi nI Ges fvi‡Zi c`‡jnb ‡_‡K weiZ nI, bv nq ‡Zvgvi
wb¯—vi ‡bB| GB wPwV cvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wbg©~j nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ
nI|
kwb
mycwiKwíZfv‡e weK…Z a‡g©vb¥v`bv m…wó K‡i Avj-e`‡i ‡hvM
w`‡Z Zv‡`i Kg©x‡`i DØy× KiZ Bmjvgx QvÎ msN| G
e¨vcv‡i GKwU cÖgvY n‡Z cv‡i 1971 mv‡ji 7 b‡f¤^i Avj-
e`i w`em Dcj‡¶ ‰`wbK msMÖvg cwÎKvq Qvcv GKwU
bvwUKv| gvndyRyj nK bv‡g GK Avj e`i KgvÛv‡ii ‡jLv
ÔAvje`i, Avje`i, Avje`i-w_Ö Iqvb w_Ö, w_Ö Iqvb w_Ö, w_Ö
Iqvb w_ÖÕ bv‡gi GKvw¼KvwU Zy‡j ‡`Iqv n‡jv-
cÖ¯—vebv
dvivex, AvRv`v, dvi“K, AvkdvK, e`i“j| Giv KÕRb Zi“Y
m½x‡`i mv‡_ K‡i‡Q A½xKvi| Giv e‡j m½xb Avgvi eÜy| cÖkœ
Ki‡j Giv nv‡Zi `y AvOy‡j Zy‡j ‡`Lvq ÔwfÕ A_©vr wf±wi| wbwðZ
weRq| wZbk ‡Zi G‡`i D¾¡jZg `…óvš—| ZvB cÖZ¨q`…ß kc‡_
Giv nvwZqvi Zy‡j ‡bq| ivB‡dj, ‡÷bMvb, Gj.Gg.wRi gv‡S
Lyu‡R ‡bq wR‡›`wMi ¯^wcœj dyjSywi|
GK
( ‡gvnwmb n‡j dvivexi K¶| ‡Uwej, ‡Pqvi, Avjbv, GK Mv`v
eB‡Z mvRv‡bv K¶| dvivex Ava‡kvqv Ae¯’vq eB co‡Q| AvRv`
I dvi“‡Ki cÖ‡ek|)
AvRv`- wK‡i GZ gb‡hvM w`‡q wK cowQm?
dvivex- Av‡i ‡Zviv- Avq Avq ‡evm|
dvi“K- wK cowQwj?
dvivex- GB mvB‡q` KyZy‡ei eBUv
AvRv`- Zvici K‡e hvw”Qm?
dvivex- ‡Kv_vq?
140
m~wPcÎ |
AvRv`- ‡Kb AvkdvK ‡Zv‡K wKQy e‡jwb?
dvivex- In, Avje`i ‡UÖwbs‡qi K_v?
AvRv`- n¨vu, Avgiv ‡Zv mevB AvMvgx `k Zvwi‡L hvw”Q K¨v‡¤ú|
ZyBI hvw”Qm ‡Zv?
dvivex- wbðqB wbðqB| hve bv wK ejwQm (GKUy ‡_‡g) mwZ¨
GUv fve‡Z Avðh© jv‡M, AvR GB ‡`‡ki ey‡K `vuwo‡q Ggb
cÖKv‡k¨ mk¯¿ ‡UÖwbs jv‡fi my‡hvM cvw”Q ‡`‡L| GZw`b hv wQj
Kíbv AvR Zv ev¯—‡e cwiYZ n‡Z hv‡”Q- (‡_‡g) mwZ¨ ‡Zv‡`i
Avb›` jvM‡Q bv?
AvRv`- wKš‘ GB Avb‡›`i mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q A‡bK ‡e`bv, A‡bK
Kvbœvi BwZnvm| AvR mviv ‡`‡k KZ kZ kZ gvbyl‡K ïaygvÎ
Bmjvg Abymvix nevi Aciv‡a wbôyifv‡e nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q| Rxeš—
‡LRy‡ii KvuUv weQv‡bv M‡Z© Kei ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| Mv‡Qi mv‡_ ‡e‡a
‰ckvwPKfv‡e ‡Pv‡L, gy‡L, ey‡K MRvj Vy‡K Vy‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q|
Mig ‡jvnvi kjvKv w`‡q ‡PvL Dc‡o w`‡q ej‡Q, ej AviI
Bmjvg Bmjvg ejwe bvwK? ïay ZvB bq, G‡`i ‡K‡U UyK‡iv
UyK‡iv K‡i Qvjvq f‡i b`x‡Z ‡d‡j ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| G‡`i i‡³
cÙv-hgybvi i³ jv‡j jvj n‡q hv‡”Q-
dvi“K-_vg, _vg AvRv`- _vg|
AvRv`- G‡`i ‡`vl, G‡`i ‡`vl Giv ‡P‡qwQj cvwK¯—vb‡K GKUv
my›`i ‡`kiƒ‡c M‡o Zyj‡e| Giv ‡P‡qwQj GLv‡b Avj¬vni k¦vkZ
Rxeb weavb Bmjvg‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z| hv‡Z cvwK¯—v‡bi gvbyl
`y‡ejv `ygy‡Vv fvZ, ‡gvUv Kvco, GKUv AvkÖq, GKUy my‡Li gyL
‡`L‡Z cvq| mvivw`b gvwUi Ng©Kvš— cwikÖ‡gi dj¯^iƒc cvq wKQy
my‡Li nvZQvwb-
dvivex- ‡mw`b ïbjvg gIjvbv *gv`vbx mv‡ne knx` n‡q‡Qb (*
‰mq` gvngy` ‡gv¯—dv Avj gv`vbx cye© cvwK¯—vb ‡bRv‡g Bmjvgx
`‡ji mnmfvcwZ| 10 AvM÷ Õ71 XvKvi A`~‡i wgiKvw`‡g
e³…Zv ‡`Iqvi mgq GB KyL¨vZ `vjvj‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i
gyw³‡hv×viv)
AvRv`- ïay gv`vbx mv‡ne ‡Kb, GiKg cÖwZw`b KZ kZ kZ
gv`vbx AKvZ‡i Rxeb wewj‡q w`‡”Qb Zvi Lei ivwLm! MZKvj
‡bvqvLvjx n‡Z ‡UwjMÖvg Gj, gvÎ 10 w`‡b ‡mLv‡b 50 Rb
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kg©x knx` n‡q‡Qb (D`MZ Kvbœv ‡iva K‡i)-
Gme BwZnvm eo Kvbœvi BwZnvm‡i- eo Ki“Y BwZnvm
...
dvivex- Av”Qv Avgiv KÕRbv hvw”Q Zvn‡j?
AvRv`- cÖ_g e¨v‡P cÖvq kÕ`y‡qK, c‡i Av‡iv Avm‡Z cv‡i
dvivex- mwZ¨ Avgvi wK‡h Avb›` jvM‡Q AvR| Av‡M hLb
Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm coZvg- e`i, Iû`, L›`‡Ki hy‡×i BwZnvm
coZvg, ZLb g‡b n‡Zv, Av”Qv AvgivI Agb Bmjvgx gyRvwn`
n‡q hy‡×i gq`v‡b bvg‡Z cvwi bv ‡Kb? ‡Kb AvgivI Avj¬vni
c‡_ knx` nIqvi my‡hvM cvB bv? (GKUy ‡_‡g) mwZ¨ AvR ‡mB
‡mvbvjx my‡hvM G‡m‡Q, mwZ¨ AvR wK Avb›` jvM‡Q- wK Avb›`|
dvi“K- Avje`i Avje`i
mg¯^‡i- wR›`vev`, wR›`vev`
(mevB K¶ ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q hv‡e)
‡m‡Þ¤^‡i eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi cwiKíbv ‡c‡ki ciciB mivmwi
cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK KZ©…c¶ G D‡Ï‡k¨ Avje`i‡`i mymsMwVZ
K‡i Zyj‡Z _v‡K| G m¤ú‡K© wbD GBR cwÎKvi cÖwZ‡e`‡b
ejv nq, Avje`i msMVbwU m¤ú‡K© AwZ m¤cÖwZ wKQy Rvbv
‡M‡Q| ivR‰bwZK w`K ‡_‡K GB mk¯¿ `jwU cÖwZwKªqvkxj
ag©xq mv¤cÖ`vwqK `j Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡`vmi| Avje`i
evwnbxi m`m¨‡`i (cÖavbZ 18 ‡_‡K 20 eQi eqmx Zi“YivB
Gi Aš—f©y³) gv_vq G K_vUvB XywK‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q ‡h RvZxq
gyw³ msMÖvgx I fviZxq Pi‡`i Øviv Bmjvg wecbœ n‡q
c‡o‡Q| weMZ MÖx®§ I ki‡Z `Lj`vi evwnbxi wei“‡×
cwiPvwjZ RbwcÖq ‡Mwijv ZrciZv hLb Pi‡g ‡cŠu‡Q, ZLb
cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ijiv ¯’vbxq cywj‡ki Ici Av¯’v nvwi‡q
‡d‡jb Ges GB ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbxi kw³ evov‡bvi e¨e¯’v
‡bb| ivI digvb Avjxi Wv‡qwi‡Z ‡jLv wQj- cywjk evwn-
bx‡K DwV‡q wb‡Z n‡e| Avje`i‡`i e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|
G‡`i Aek¨B DbœZ A¯¿ w`‡Z n‡e|
Avje`i evwnbxi ZrciZv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iKwU `wjj ‡`qv ‡h‡Z
cv‡i| ‰`wbK msMÖvg cwÎKvq 16 ‡m‡Þ¤^i 1971 mv‡j
Ôm¤úv`K mgx‡clyÕ Kjv‡g Avãyj evix bv‡g GK Avje`i
KgvÛv‡ii GB wPwVwU Qvcv nq :
Rbve,
‡¯^”Qv‡mex cÖwZôvb Avje`i evwnbxi bvg AvR cÖ‡`‡ki cÖZ¨š—
cÖvš—‡i ‡cŠu‡Q ‡M‡Q| MZ 27 Ryb Rvgvjcyi gnKygvq Avje`i
evwnbx MwVZ nevi ci AvR mgMÖ ‡gv‡gbkvnx ‡Rjv I cÖ‡`‡ki
Av‡iv `y‡qKwU ‡Rjvq Gi KvR ïi“ n‡q‡Q e‡j msev` cvIqv
hv‡”Q| Avje`i evwnbx cvwK¯—vbev`x Bmjvgcš’x ‡`k‡cÖwgK
Qv·`i Øviv MwVZ| G‡Z B¯‹y‡ji 12 eQ‡ii ‡Q‡j ‡_‡K Avi¤¢
K‡i wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eû QvÎ i‡q‡Q|
hZ`~i Rvbv hvq, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ Rvgvjcyi gnKygv‡ZB c~Y©
¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR Ki‡Q| GLv‡b GmGmwm I GBPGmwm
cix¶vq 40% ‡_‡K 50% ‡Q‡j cix¶v w`‡q‡Q| Rvgvjcyi
gnKygvi ‡kicyi, bwjZvevwo, Bmjvgcyi, ‡`Iqvb MÄ I Rvgvjcyi
kn‡i `y®‹…wZKvix‡`i wbwðý K‡i ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
Rvgvjcy‡ii wewfbœ RvqMvq mxgvš—eZ©x GjvKvq
Avje`i evwnbx mvnwmKZv I mvd‡j¨i m‡½ fviZxq
AbycÖ‡ekKvix‡`i ‡gvKv‡ejv K‡i‡Q| Avje`i evwnbxi ZrciZv
‡`‡L fviZxq AbyPi bvcvK evwnbxi ‡jv‡Kiv Rvgvjcyi ‡Q‡o
Ab¨Î P‡j hv‡”Q e‡j KªgvMZ msev` cvIqv hv‡”Q| Avje`i
evwnbxi ‰ewkó¨ n‡jv Gi cÖwZwU ‡Q‡jB wkw¶Z Ges bvgvR c‡o|
abm¤ú` I bvixi cÖwZ ‡Kv‡bv ‡jvf ‡bB| e`i evwnbxi MZ
wZbgv‡mi Kv‡R ‡Kv‡bv PvwiwÎK `~e©jZv ‡`Lv hvqwb| GRb¨B
RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Avkvi Av‡jvKewZ©Kv nv‡Z wb‡q `vuwo‡q Av‡Q
Zv‡`i wcÖq bvg Avje`i| Rvgvjcy‡i ‡iRvKvi, cywjk, gyRvwn` I
‡iÄviiv cyj I wewfbœ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© RvqMv cvnviv w`‡”Q Avi cvK
‡dŠR I Avje`i evwnbx Acv‡ikb Ki‡Q|
Avwg c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡`k‡cÖwgK Bmjvgcš’x QvÎRbZvi Kv‡Q
Avnevb Rvbvw”Q mvgwiK KZ©…c‡¶i mn‡hvwMZv I mvnvh¨ wb‡q
`ª“Z cÖ‡`‡ki me©Î Avje`i evwnbx MVb Ki‡Z| e`i evwnbx Qvov
ïay ‡iRvKvi I cywjk w`‡q m¤ú~Y© cwiw¯’wZ Avq‡Z¡ Avbv m¤¢e
bq| Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q ‡iRvKvi, e`i evwnbx I gyRvwn‡`i g‡a¨
‡Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ ‡bB| Avgiv mevB‡K g‡b Kwi mgvb| fviZxq
AbycÖ‡ekKvix I Zvi `vjvj‡`i kv‡q¯—v Ki‡Z AvR ZvB cÖ‡`‡ki
me©Î Avje`i evwnbx MVb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|
‡`‡ki eZ©gvb bvRyK I msKUc~Y© cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hZ ZvovZvwo
Avje`i evwnbx cÖ‡`‡ki me©Î MwVZ nq ZZB ‡`k I RvwZi
g½j| Avj¬vn Avgv‡`i Zvi c‡_ KvR Kiv ‡ZŠwdK `vb Ki“b|
Avwgb|
‡gvnv¤§` Avãyj evix
BbPvR©, Avje`i K¨v¤ú, Bmjvgcyi _vbv, ‡gv‡gbkvnx
I cÖPvi m¤úv`K, Rvgvjcyi gnKygv kvwš— KwgwU
¯^vaxbZvi ci GB Avãyj evixi e¨w³MZ Wv‡qwiwU D×vi Kiv
nq| 1972 mv‡ji 10 gvP© ‰`wbK B‡Ëdv‡K gyw`ÖZ Wv‡qwii
cÖavb weeiY¸wj n‡”Q :
Uv½vB‡j successful operation n‡q‡Q| nvRvi ‡`‡o‡Ki
g‡Zv gyw³‡dŠR gviv c‡o‡Q Avje`i I Avwg©i nv‡Z|
1.Haidar Ali 2. Nazmul Haque. Rs 2500.00
wZZcj¬vi wkgKyov MÖvg- ReŸv‡ii Kv‡Q 29/10/71 Avi wZb
nvRvi ‡bIqvi cwiKíbv Av‡Q
24-10-71… … Prostitution Quarter
26-10-71… Raping Case… Hindu Girl
141
m~wPcÎ |
1981 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi †Mvjvg AvRg evqZzj †gvKvii‡g
G‡j Dcw¯’Z gymwj¬iv Zv‡K RyZv‡cUv K‡ib|
‡Mvjvg Avhg : GKRb Lybxi cÖwZK…wZ
Awg ingvb wcqvj
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× cvK evwnbxi ‡`vmi ivRvKvi‡`i cÖavb ‡Mvjvg
Avhg GKRb KyL¨vZ hy×vcivax| 1971 mv‡ji ee©i MYnZ¨v,
45 j¶ evOvjx bvixi al©Y I jvÃbv Ges ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^cœ ‡`Lv kZvwaK eyw×Rxwei wbg©g nZ¨vKv‡Êi ‡cQ‡b i‡q‡Q
GB gy‡Lvkavix `vbe|
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi ‡Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi AvK©vBf ‡_‡K cvIqv
GK Qwe‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q Wvb nvZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi m‡½
cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i nv‡Z cÖMwZkxj eyw×Rxwe‡`i ZvwjKv
Zy‡j w`‡”Q ‡m Zv‡`i nZ¨vi Rb¨| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k Pigcš’x
Bmjvgx gZv`‡k©i ¸i“ gvbv nq Zv‡K| 70 nvRvi ivRvKvi,
Avj-e`i, Avj-kvg‡mi ‡bZv wQj ‡m| (wbDBqK© UvBgm, 30
RyjvB, 1971)
MYnZ¨v Pvjv‡Z Pvjv‡Z K¬vš— n‡q cov cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx
GK ch©v‡q fvi Kgv‡Z wm×vš— ‡bq mn‡hvMx GKwU evwnbx
m…wói| AevOvjx gymjgvb I Wvbcš’x BmjvwgK `j¸‡jvi
evOvjx `vjvj‡`i ZvwjKv evwb‡q Zv‡`i mk¯¿ cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nq
GRb¨| Avj-e`i I Avj kvgm bv‡gi GB Avav-mvgwiK evwn-
bx ïay Z_¨ ‡RvMv‡bvi `vwqZ¡B cvjb K‡iwb, evOvjx nZ¨vq
mwKªq Ask wb‡q‡Q cvK evwnbxi Pvc Kgv‡Z| 1971 mv‡ji Ryb
gv‡m wmWwb k¨vbevM© Gme evwnbxi Ici GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b
wj‡LwQ‡jb, hv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q "‡MvUv c~e© cvwK¯—vb Ry‡o
‡mbvevwnbx Avav-mvgwiK GKwU evwnbx‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡q M‡o
Zyj‡Q, bq‡Zv mk¯¿ Ki‡Q Zv‡`i AbyMZ bvMwiK‡`i hv‡`i
A‡b‡KB kvwš— KwgwU MVb K‡i‡Q| wenvwi I Ab¨vb¨ D`©yfvlx
AevOvjx QvovI Gme evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡Mvjvg
Avhg, gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx I gymwjg
wj‡Mi g‡Zv Wvbcš’x BmjvwgK `j¸‡jvi m`m¨‡`i| Gme
evOvjx gymjgvbiv msL¨vq Kg n‡jI ‡mbvevwnbxi Kg©Kv‡Ê
cÖZ¨¶ mg_©b w`‡q‡Q|
GKwÎZfv‡e Gme evwnbx‡K 'ivRvKvi' ejv nq| evOvwj Rbc‡`
Gme evwnbx ixwZg‡Zv Îv‡mi ivRZ¡ Kv‡qg K‡i‡Q| ¯’vbxq
nIqvq MYnZ¨vq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© A¯¿
wn‡m‡e cÖwZfvZ n‡q‡Q Giv|"
Ryb gv‡mB cywjrRvi ‡RZv mvsevw`K wmWwb k¨vbevM© wewfbœ
kni ‡_‡K cÖZ¨¶`k©x‡`i eqv‡b ‡ek wKQy cÖwZ‡e`b cvVvb
wbDBqK© UvBg‡m| Rev‡e cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx 1971 mv‡ji
30 Ryb Zv‡K ‡`kZ¨v‡M eva¨ K‡i|
civRq hLb wbwðZ, ZLb ee©iZvi ‡kl KxwZ© wn‡m‡e evOvjx
ms¯‹…wZ‡K gy‡Q ‡djvi GK gwiqv cÖqvm ‡bq cvKevwnbx| 1971
mv‡ji 14 wW‡m¤^i cvKevwnbx Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb
AvavmvgwiK evwnbx Avj-e`i I Avj-kvgm‡K ‡jwj‡q ‡`q
eyw×Rxwe‡`i nZ¨vi Rb¨| j¶¨ wQj evOvjx ivR‰bwZK wPš—vwe`,
wk¶vwe`, weÁvbx, Kwe, wPwKrmK, AvBbRxwe, mvsevw`K I
Ab¨vb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i Lyu‡R‡c‡Z nZ¨v Kiv| Avj-e`i I Avj-
kvgm L¨vwZgvb eyw×Rxwe‡`i b…ksm nZ¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i
bv‡gi ZvwjKv ‰Zwi K‡i| Zv‡`i ‡MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvIqv nq
XvKvi Rjvf~wg iv‡qi evRv‡ii w`‡K|
wcV‡gvov K‡i nvZ I ‡PvL evav Gme eyw×Rxwe‡K ¸wj K‡i
nZ¨v Kiv nq| Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx I Gi ‡bZviv wQj Gme
eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi cwiKíbv I Kvh©Ki Kivq mwKªq
AskMÖnYKvix| ‡MvUv c~e© cvwK¯—vb Ry‡o `y‡kvi Ici eyw×Rxwe
I cwÛZ ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i Avj-e`i I Avj-kvgm| wk¶K,
mvsevw`K, wPwKrmK, wkíx, cÖ‡KŠkjx, ‡jLK‡`i R‡ov K‡i
‡PvL ‡eu‡a wb‡q hvIqv nq wgicyi, ‡gvnv¤§`cyi, bvLvjcvov,
ivRvievM Ges XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ UP©vi ‡mj¸‡jv‡Z| G‡`i
‡ewkifvM‡K GKm‡½ wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq, ‡ewkifvM‡K
iv‡qi evRvi I wgicy‡i|
‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b 25 gvP© ivZ ‡_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i wbnZ wewkó
eyw×Rxwe‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡Qb W. wR.wm ‡`e (Xvwei `k©‡bi
Aa¨vcK), W. gybxi ‡PŠayix (bvU¨Kvi, Xvwe Aa¨vcK), W.
‡gvdv¾j nvq`vi ‡PŠayix (Xvwe Aa¨vcK), W. Av‡bvqvi cvkv
(Xvwe Aa¨vcK), Wv. dR‡j ivweŸ, Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayix, knx`yj¬vn
Kvqmvi (mvsevw`K), wbRvgywÏb Avn‡g` (mvsevw`K), ‡mwjbv
cvifxb (mvsevw`K), AvjZvd gvngy` (myiKvi I MxwZKvi), W.
nvweeyi ingvb (MwYZwe`, ivwe wk¶K), ax‡ib `Ë
142
m~wPcÎ |
(ivRbxwZwe`), `vbexi Aviwc mvnv, mv‡eK ‡mbv Kg©KZ©v
‡j. K. ‡gvqv‡¾g ‡nv‡mb, cywjk Kg©KZ©v gvgyb gvngy` Ges
Av‡iv A‡b‡K|
W. ikx` AvKmvwi wj‡L‡Qb, cvKevwnbxi cye©v‡ji
AwabvqK ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvwRi c„ô‡cvlKZvq 1971 mv‡ji
‡m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m Avj-e`i evwnbxi Rb¥ hviv IB ‡Mvcb
MYnZ¨vq Ask wb‡qwQj| Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ wQj AcniY I
nZ¨vi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvby‡li gv‡S AvZsK m…wó Kiv|
Z_vKw_Z Mfb©i byi“j Avwg‡bi mvgwiK Dc‡`óv ‡gRi
‡Rbv‡ij ivI digvb Avjx GB D”Pwkw¶Z I eyw×Rxwe
‡kÖYxi webv‡ki bxjb·vi cÖ‡YZv| Avi GK mßvn nv‡Z
‡c‡j Zviv G‡`‡ki evwK me eyw×Rxwe‡K nZ¨v KiZ| mwZ¨
ej‡Z e`i evwnbx wQj ‡gŠ`y`x, ‡Mvjvg Avhg I Avãyi
iwn‡gi `j Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi GKwU we‡kl mš¿vmev`x Ask|
wZwb Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb, nZ¨vi ZvwjKv ‡ck Kivi cici
‡Mvjvg Avhg, ivRvKvi evwnbxi cÖavb ‡gvnv¤§` BDbym I
kvwš— KwgwUi wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi gvneyeyi ingvb ¸n©v‡K wb‡q
‡gvnv¤§`cyi kixi wk¶v ‡K‡›`Ö ivRvKvi I Avje`i‡`i
cÖwk¶Y ‡`L‡Z hvq| Zvici ‡_‡KB ‡MvUv ‡`‡k Bmjvgx
QvÎ msN‡K (GLb Bmjvgx QvÎ wkwei) Avje`‡i iƒcvš—i
Kiv nq| Ges b‡f¤^‡ii ‡kl mßvn ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^‡ii
cÖ_gfvM ch©š— Zv‡`i‡K AcniY I nZ¨vi Rb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i
ZvwjKv mieivn Kiv nq|
4 wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K KviwdD I e¬¨vK AvDU Av‡ivc Kiv nq
Acni‡Yi myweav‡_©| 10 wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K eo gv‡c Acv‡ikb
ïi“ K‡i Avj e`iiv| KviwdD Avi e¬¨vK AvD‡Ui g‡a¨
Kvu`vgvLv evm wb‡q ‡ei“‡Zv Zviv, Zvici ZvwjKv wgwj‡q
evwo ‡_‡K Zy‡j wbZ eyw×Rxwe‡`i| Gici ‡gvnv¤§`cyi
wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs K‡j‡R Zv‡`i ‡Riv I wbh©vZb Kiv n‡Zv|
Mfxi iv‡Z iv‡qievRvi ea¨f~wgi BULvbvq Zv‡`i wb‡q wM‡q
nZ¨v KiZ Gme NvZ‡Kiv| wgicyi I wQj Av‡iK ea¨f~wg|
NvZK wk‡ivgwY ‡Mvjvg Avhg (Rb¥ 1922) evsjv‡`‡ki kxl©
ivRbxwZwe` wn‡m‡e ¸wQ‡q e‡m‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji ¯^vaxbZv
hy‡× cvKevwnbxi ‡`vmi wn‡m‡e KyL¨vZ GB ‡jvK kxl©
hy×vcivax wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| ivRvKvi I Avj-e`‡ii g‡Zv
`y‡Uv N…Y¨ NvZK `‡ji mÖóv wn‡m‡e evOvjx AvRxeb Zv‡K
N…Yv Ki‡e| cvK miKvi mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q wKQy `wjj
cÖKvwkZ K‡i‡Q hv‡Z hy×vcivax wn‡m‡e Zvi c‡¶ ‡Rviv‡jv
cÖgvY i‡q‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`‡ki
weR‡qi ci GB ¯^vaxbZv‡K ‡g‡b ‡bqwb ‡m| 1978 mvj
ch©š— ‡m cvwK¯—v‡b emevm K‡i Ges 1994 mvj ch©š— Zvi
cvwK¯—v‡bi bvMwiKZ¡ envj wQj|
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GKRb DVwZ QvÎ ‡bZv wn‡m‡e ‡Mvjvg
Avhg 1957 mv‡j DMÖev`x Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡m‡KªUvwi
wbe©vwPZ nq| 1969 mv‡j ‡m c~e© cvwK¯—vb Rvgv‡Zi Av¤^i
(‡cÖwm‡W›U) nq| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq cvKevwnbxi m‡½
cÖZ¨¶ mn‡hvwMZvi Kvi‡Y Zvi wei“‡× `vjvjx I hy×civ‡ai
Awf‡hvM I‡V|
bq gvm a‡i Pjv ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi ‡kl ch©v‡q ¸i“ ‡gŠ`yw`i
‡UwjMÖvg ‡c‡q 22 b‡f¤^i jv‡nvi hvq ‡Mvjvg| Gici ‡kL
gywRe miKvi Zvi bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj Ki‡j Zvi Avi ‡`‡k
‡div m¤¢e nqwb| evsjv‡`‡k wdi‡Z e¨_© GB NvZKwk‡ivgwb
n‡R¡i bvg K‡i Gi ci g°vq hvq| ‡mŠw` Avie ‡_‡K
‡Mvjvg `yevB, Avey avwe, Ky‡qZ, ‰ei“Z I wjweqv hvq ‡kL
gywRe miKv‡ii wei“‡× cÖPviYv I cvëv Afy_¨vb NUv‡bvi
Rb¨ Znwej msMÖn Ki‡Z|
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k we‡ivax GB Kvh©Kª‡gi GK ch©v‡q ‡Mvjvg
jÛb Av‡m| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K Rvgv‡Zi gyLcÎ wn‡m‡e msMÖvg
cwÎKvwU ‡m mvßvwnK wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv ïi“ K‡i| 1974
mv‡j mvßvwnK wewPÎv ‡Mvjv‡gi Kvh©Kªg wb‡q PvÂj¨Ki
GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b Qvcvq| G‡Z ejv nq, 1974 mv‡ji ïi“i
w`‡K B÷ jÛ‡bi GKwU evwo‡Z GK KwgwU wgwUs‡q
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax GKwU bxjb·v cÖYqb K‡i
‡m| GKB ‰eV‡K Ask ‡bqv K‡qKRb cvwK¯—vbx m~Î Zv
wbwðZ K‡i| ‰eV‡K wQj : GwU mv`x, ‡Zvqvnv web nvwee,
Avwj ‡nvmvBb, e¨vwi÷vi AvLZviDwÏb, ‡g‡ni Avjx I W.
ZvjyK`vi| cvwK¯—vbx bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ wQj m`¨ cÖqvZ
gvngy` Avjx| ‰eV‡Ki mfvcwZ ‡Mvjvg e‡j, jÛb ‡_‡K
Avgv‡`i Kvh©Kªg Pvjv‡bvUv KwVb n‡e| ZvB Avgv‡`i
KvD‡K ‡`‡k wd‡i ‡h‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i SyuwK wb‡ZB n‡e,
bq‡Zv dvq`v n‡e bv| Z‡e ‡`‡k wdi‡j ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi g‡a¨
_vK‡Z cvi‡e, KviY Avgvi ‡jvK‡`i m‡½
Avgvi ‡hvMv‡hvM n‡q‡Q| me wKQy wVKVvK|
Dcw¯’Z‡`i gv‡S GKwU wjd‡jU awi‡q w`‡q ‡Mvjvg
e‡j, GB wjd‡jUwU evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU MÖv‡g wewj Ki‡Z
n‡e| RbMY Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Av‡Q|
K‡qKwU m~Î Rvwb‡q‡Q wjd‡j‡U cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½ GKwU
Kb‡dWv‡ikb MV‡bi K_v ‡jLv wQj| Av‡iKwU m~Î e‡j‡Q
gmwR` e¨envi K‡i ‡Mvc‡b GKwU Bmjvwg wec¬e msNU‡bi
K_v ejv n‡qwQj G‡Z| XvKvi Av‡kcv‡k wjd‡jUavix ‡ek
K‡qKRb‡K ‡MÖßvi Kiv nq| ‡Mvjvg Aek¨ GB cwiKíbvq
cvwK¯—vb I ga¨cÖv‡P¨i K‡qKwU ‡`‡ki mg_©b Av‡Q e‡j
Rvbvq| (wRqvi g‡Zv) ‡MvjvgI e‡jwQj, UvKv cqmv ‡Kv‡bv
mgm¨v bv (gvwb BR ‡bv cÖe‡jg)|
‡kvbv hvq hy×Kv‡j evsjv‡`‡k ¶wZMÖ¯’ gmwR`¸‡jv wbg©v‡Yi
ARynv‡Z ‡Mvjvg mv‡o 4 ‡KvwU wiqvj msMÖn K‡iwQj ‡mŠw`
Avie ‡_‡K| a~Z© ‡Mvjvg ‡m UvKvi GKUv eo Ask LiP
K‡i jÛ‡bi g¨vb‡P÷v‡i GKwU evwo wK‡b| Zvi ‡Q‡j
‡g‡nw` nvmvb GLb ‡m evwo‡Z _v‡K|
hy‡×i ci evsjv‡`k miKvi ‡gŠjev` I `vjvj‡`i cÖfve
D‡”Q‡`i D‡`¨vM ‡bq, ‡Mvjv‡gi bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj Kiv nq
ZLb| 1978 mvj ch©š— cvwK¯—vb I jÛ‡b emev‡mi ci
mv‡eK ‡cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDi ingvb eû`jxq MYZš¿ Kv‡q‡gi
j‡¶¨ ivRbxwZ Db¥y³ K‡i w`‡j Gi Av‡M wbwl× BmjvwgK
`j¸‡jv gv‡V bv‡g| ‡Mvjvg‡K A¯’vqx wfmvq evsjv‡`k
Avmvi my‡hvM ‡`qv nq|
‡Mvjvg ‡eAvBbxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡k _vKv ïi“ K‡i (Zvi wei“‡×
‡Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v ‡bqv nqwb, ‡m cÖKv‡k¨B Pjv‡div ïi“ K‡i)
Ges Rvgv‡Zi AvbAwdwmqvj Avwgi wbe©vwPZ nq| 1994
mv‡j mywcÖg ‡KvU© Zvi bvMwiKZ¡ envj iv‡Lb|
2000 mv‡ji ‡kl w`‡K ‡Mvjvg cÖZ¨¶ ivRbxwZ ‡_‡K m‡i
`vuovq| Zvi RvqMv ‡bq Av‡iK N…Y¨ NvZK gwZDi ingvb
wbRvgx| ‡Mvjvg 1969 ‡_‡K 2000 ch©š— 31 eQi Rvgv‡Zi
Avwgi wQj| KvKZvjxqfv‡e Zvi ¸i“ ‡gŠ`y`xI ZvB (1941-
1972)|
143
m~wPcÎ |
cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi Av‡¶c dyiv‡e bv!
kIKZ ‡nv‡mb gvmyg
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi ‡jLv AvZ¥Rxebx gvÎB ‡kl Kijvg| GKUv
gvbyl‡K ‡evSvi Rb¨B Kó K‡i wZb LÛ Rxebx cov| c‡o
eySjvg GB ‡jvKUvi g‡Zv AfvMv Avm‡jB ‡KD ‡bB| ey‡K
cvwK¯—vb wb‡q evm Ki‡Q evsjv‡`‡k| ZvB mviv eB Ry‡oB
cvwK¯—vb wb‡q Av‡¶c| GUv c‡o eySjvg Zvi AvÛv-ev”PvivI
wK cwigvY g‡bvK‡ó _v‡K|
Avmyb ‡`wL Kx wj‡L‡Qb ‡Mvjvg Avhg|
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi mgq Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg wbe©vPbx
cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bvi mgq RbMY‡K AvIqvgx jxM‡K ‡fvU bv
‡`Iqvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q ej‡Zb, ÔZviv ¶gZv ‡c‡j cvwK¯—vb
‡_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k) Avjv`v K‡i
‡dj‡Z cv‡i| hw` ZvB nq Zvn‡j Avcbviv cvwK¯—v‡bi
wbe©vP‡b ‡fvU ‡`Iqvi my‡hvMB nqZ cv‡eb bv|Õ (3q LÛ,
c…ôv- 107)
Z…Zxq L‡Ûi c…ôvq c…ôvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg gyw³hy×we‡ivax bvbv
gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb| GKB m‡½ cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx I ivRvKvi
evwnbxi mvdvB ‡M‡q‡Qb, cvK evwnbx‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi
hyw³ Lyu‡R‡Qb, eY©bv K‡i‡Qb kvwš— KwgwU MV‡bi ‡cÖ¶vcU|
Zvi `vwe, kvwš— KwgwUi m‡½ RbM‡Yi ‡Kv‡bv kΓZv wQj bv,
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Kvi‡YB RbM‡Yi m‡½ Zv‡`i `yiZ¡ m…wó
n‡q‡Q|
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi g‡Z, 1971 mv‡ji mk¯¿ gyw³hy× ‡Kv‡bv
‡MŠiegq AR©b bq eis Zv n‡jv ÔcvwK¯—vb wefw³ I
evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨y`‡qi welv`gq KvwnbxÕ (c…-211)| GKB
c…ôvq wZwb wj‡Lb, Ô1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi msKU wQj ewn-
tkw³ RwoZ `jv`wji e¨vcvi, hv‡Z Af¨š—ixY ivR‰bwZK
Dcv`vbmg~n Ges Avš—R©vwZK Dcv`vbmg~n Ges Avš—R©vwZK
cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZi ‡hvMm~Î wQj|Õ
gyw³hy‡×i we‡ivwaZv I ‡mbvevwnbxi m‡½ Rvgvqv‡Zi
AvuZv‡Zi mvdvB ‡M‡q ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔmvgwiK evwnbxi
Awfhv‡bi d‡j RbMY ‡h Amnvq Ae¯’vq c‡o Avgv‡`i
Kv‡Q Avm‡Q Avgv‡`i‡K h_vmva¨ Zv‡`i cv‡k `vuov‡Z n‡e|
G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z RbM‡Yi mvgvb¨ wL`gZ Ki‡Z n‡j mvgwiK
miKv‡ii mv‡_ ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡gB Zv m¤¢eÕ (c…-143)|
RvgvqvZ gyw³hy‡×i mgq ZrKvjxb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK
‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi m‡½ mv¶vZ K‡iB mvgwiK evwnbx‡K
mn‡hvwMZvi cÖwZkÖywZ w`‡qwQ‡jb e‡j ‡Mvjvg Avhg c‡ii
c…ôv‡ZB D‡j¬L K‡ib| wU°v Lv‡bi wb‡`©k Abyhvqx wZwb
cvwK¯—v‡bi ALÛZv i¶vi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q ‡iwWI‡Z fvlY
‡`b e‡jI wZwb GKB c…ôvq wj‡Lb| fvl‡Y ‡Mvjvg Avhg
gyw³hy‡×i ARynv‡Z fviZ evsjv‡`k `Lj Ki‡Z Pvq D‡j¬L
K‡i RbMY‡K mZK© _vKvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| GB fvlY
cÖPv‡ii ciB mviv ‡`‡k Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡bZv-Kg©xiv AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi ûgwKi gy‡L c‡o- GUvI D‡j¬L K‡ib wZwb|
cvwK¯—vwb evwnbxi m‡½ AvuZvZ K‡i RvgvqvZ ‡`kevmxi
DcKvi K‡i‡Q- Rxebx‡Z Ggb `vweI K‡i‡Qb Rvgvqv‡Zi
mv‡eK Avwgi| R‰bK m~h¨© wgqv‡K cvK ‡mbvevwnbx Zvi
mycvwi‡k ‡Q‡o w`‡qwQ‡j D‡j¬L K‡i wZwb wj‡Lb, Ô‡PvLevuav
Ae¯’vq Zv‡K (m~h¨©) wRc ‡_‡K GK ‰mwbK jvw_ w`‡q ‡d‡j
w`‡q ‡Mj| jvw_ gvivi mgq bvwK ejj, ‡Kvb ‡Mvjvg Avhg
bvwK mycvwik K‡i‡Q, hv ‡eu‡P ‡MwjÕ (c…-145)| wZwb Av‡iv
wj‡L‡Qb, Ô‡kL gywR‡ei AvZ¥xq nIqv Qvov Zvi (m~h¨©) Avi
‡Kv‡bv Aciva ‡bBÕ (c…-144)|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvK evwnbxi bvbv AcK‡g©i mn‡hvMx
ivRvKvi evwnbx‡K ‡`k‡cÖwgK Ges gyw³hyׇK bvkKZvg~jK
ZZciZv D‡j¬L K‡i Z…Zxq L‡Ûi 150 c…ôv‡Z ‡Mvjvg Avhg
wj‡Lb, Ô‡h ‡ihvKviiv (ivRvKvi) ‡`k‡K bvkKZvg~jK
ZrciZv ‡_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡”Q Zviv wK ‡`k‡K
fvjev‡m bv? Zviv wK Rb¥f~wgi `ykgb n‡Z cv‡i?Õ
‡Mvjvg Avhg gyw³hy‡×i mgq gyw³‡hv×vivB cvK ‡mbvevwn-
bx‡K wnsmÖ n‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q e‡jI `vwe K‡ib 152 c…ôv‡Z|
Zvi `vwe, gyw³‡hv×viv Aev½vwj‡`i wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i‡Q
Ges Gi cÖwZ‡kva wb‡ZB cvK evwnbx ev½vwj‡`i cÖwZ b…ksm
n‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| ‡Mvjvg Avhg cvK ‡mbvevwnbxi
b…ksmZv‡K Ô‡gvUveyw×i ‰mwbK‡`i Ab_©KÕ KvR e‡jI D‡j¬L
K‡i c‡ii c…ôv‡Z wj‡Lb, Ô‡gvUv eyw×i ‰mwbKiv Gfv‡e wKQy
wn›`y‡K Ab_©K ‡g‡i wn›`y m¤cÖ`vq‡K fvi‡Z cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z
eva¨ Kij|Õ
1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡kl w`‡K kvwš— KwgwU MV‡bi
j‡¶¨ cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©i b~i“j Avwg‡bi evmvq GK ‰eV‡K
‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔcvwK¯—vb wU‡K _vKyK, Avgv‡`i
‡`k fvi‡Zi Lài ‡_‡K ‡eu‡P _vKyK- GUv Aek¨B Avgv‡`i
Avš—wiK KvgbvÕ (c…-156)| `yB c…ôv c‡iB wZwb Av‡c K‡i
‡j‡Lb, Ôgyw³‡hv×viv kvwš— KwgwUi m‡½ kÎyZv bv Ki‡j
RbM‡Yi ch©v‡q kvwš— KwgwU I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ we‡iva
m…wó n‡Zv bv|Õ
Rxebxi Z…Zxq L‡Ûi Ô16 wW‡m¤^‡i Avgvi Abyf~wZÕ kxl©K
Aa¨v‡q ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔwW‡m¤^‡ii g‡a¨B P~ovš—
dvqmvjv n‡q hv‡e Zv aviYv Kwiwb e‡j g‡bi w`K w`‡q cÖ¯—
yZ wQjvg bv|Õ ‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci Zvi Abyf~wZ Rvbv‡Z
wM‡q gvwmK D`©y WvB‡R‡÷i m¤úv`K AvjZvd ‡nvmvBb
KyivBkx‡K wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔDcgnv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡m GB cÖ_g
wn›`y I wkL evwnbxi wbKU cÖvq GK jvL mk¯¿ evwnbx
AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡jv| Bs‡iR Avg‡jI gyRvwn` evwnbx wkL‡`i
wbKU AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ibwb| Zviv knx` n‡q‡Qb|Õ (c…-242)
gyw³hy‡× weR‡qi Av‡MB ‡Mvjvg AvRg Õ71 Gi 22 b‡f¤^i
Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡K›`Öxq Kg©cwil‡`i ‰eV‡K ‡hvM w`‡Z cvwK¯—vb
hvb| Gici wZwb `xN©w`b Avi ‡`‡k wd‡ibwb|
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi AvZ¥Rxebxi cÖ_g L‡Û wKª‡KU ‡Ljv cÖm‡½
Zvi gš—‡e¨I Zvi cvwK¯—vb cÖxwZ ¯úó n‡q‡Q| 1999 mv‡ji
wek¦Kv‡c evsjv‡`k wKª‡KU `j cvwK¯—vb `j‡K civwRZ Kivq
‡kL nvwmbv e‡jwQ‡jb, 71-Gi g‡Zv gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbv wb‡q
‡Ljvi d‡jB weRq m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| GB gš—‡e¨i mgv‡jvPbv
K‡i ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, Ô‡Ljv ‡LjvB| Gi m‡½ gyw³hyׇK
‡U‡b G‡b wZwb (‡kL nvwmbv) Ah_vB nvm¨®ú` n‡jb|Õ A_P
c‡ii Aby‡”Q‡`B ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔcvwK¯—vb gv‡S gv‡S
mvaviY `‡ji wbKU civwRZ n‡jI fvi‡Zi wbKU Lye KgB
civwRZ n‡q‡Q| Rvwb bv cvwK¯—vbx `j 47 Gi ‡PZbv wb‡qB
fvi‡Zi wei“‡× ‡L‡j wKbv (c…-126)|Õ
144
m~wPcÎ |
‡Mvjvg Avhg G cÖm‡½ Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, XvKv
‡÷wWqv‡g hZevi fviZ I cvwK¯—vb `‡ji
‡Ljv n‡q‡Q cÖwZeviB evsjv‡`kx `k©‡Ki
kZKiv cÖvq 99 RbB cvwK¯—vb `‡ji cÖwZB
Av‡eMc~Y© mg_©b Rvwb‡q‡Q| 71-Gi
gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbvi e¨vbvi cÖ`k©b Ki‡jI Zv
`k©K‡`i g‡b mvgvb¨ cÖfveI we¯—vi Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb| `k©Kiv H e¨vbvi ‡`‡L gš—e¨
K‡i‡Q ÔivL wgqv gyw³hy‡×i K_v, GLv‡b
gymjgvb‡`i weRq PvB|Õ
GKB L‡Û Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡eK Avwgi Av‡iv
wj‡Lb, Ôag©wbi‡cev`x I fviZ‡cÖwgK
eyw×Rxex‡`i gš—‡e¨i K_v ï‡bwQ| Zviv bvwK
e‡jb, Avgiv eQ‡ii ci eQi ‡Póv K‡i
hyemgv‡Ri g‡a¨ gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbv mÂv‡ii
Rb¨ ‡h AvcÖvY ‡Póv Kwi Zv ‡÷wWqv‡g cvK-
fviZ ‡LjvqB bm¨vZ n‡q hvq (c…-127)|Õ
¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡`i ivóÖ¶gZvi Askx`vi
Kivq mv‡eK ivóÖcwZ wRqvDi ingv‡bi
f~qmx cÖksmvI K‡i‡Qb ‡Mvjvg Avhg|
AvZ¥Rxebxi wØZxq L‡Ûi 177 c…ôvq wZwb
wj‡Lb, ivR‰bwZK cÖÁvi Kvi‡YB wZwb
Ô¯^vaxbZvi c¶-wec‡¶i wefvRb eR©b K‡i
mKj‡KB Zvi msMV‡b mg‡eZ K‡ib| 71-
G Zvi wecixZ f~wgKv cvjb Kiv m‡Ë¡I kvn
AvwRRyi ingv‡bi Ici cÖavbgš¿x Ges
msm` ‡bZvi `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y K‡ib|Õ
e½eÜy nZ¨vi wePv‡iiI ‡Nvi we‡ivax ‡Mvjvg
Avhg| Zvi g‡Z, ÔgywRe nZ¨vi wePvi
RbM‡Yi Dci gnv AwePvi|Õ wØZxq L‡Û
wZwb wj‡Lb, ‘ÔK‡qKRb ‡`k‡cÖwgK ‡mbv
Kg©KZ©v mdj mk¯¿ wec¬‡ei gva¨‡g 1975
mv‡ji 15 AvM÷ ‡`k‡K D×vi
K‡ib|...GUv hw` mvaviY nZ¨v n‡q _v‡K
Zvn‡j ‡MvUv ‡`kevmx‡KB Avmvwg Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb wQ‡jv| KviY G nZ¨vq Zviv Avb›`
I Dj¬vm K‡i‡Q|Õ(c…-174)|
K…ZÁZv : Iqv‡mK wej¬vn
PÆMÖvg MYnZ¨vi bvqK gxi Kv‡kg Avjx
Awg ingvb wcqvj
GKvˇi PÆMÖvg MYnZ¨vi bvqK, ivRvKvi gxi Kv‡kg Avjx
GLb kZ ‡KvwU UvKvi gvwjK, iv‡eZvi Kvw›UÖ wW‡i±i, Be‡b
wmbv UÖv‡÷i KY©avi| Bmjvgx e¨vs‡Ki wbqš¿Y Zvi nv‡Z|
AvR‡Ki GB abKy‡ei ivRvKv‡ii m~Pbv G‡Kev‡i `xbnxb
Ae¯’v ‡_‡K| gvwbKM‡Äi nwiivgcyi _vbvi Pvjv MÖv‡gi
wcWvwe¬DwW Kg©Pvix ‰Zqe Avjxi Pvi ‡Q‡ji g‡a¨ wØZxq gxi
Kv‡kg| WvK bvg wcqvi“, mevB wP‡b wg›Uy bv‡g| ¯^vaxbZv
hy‡×i Av‡M wcZvi PvKywii myev‡` PÆMÖvg wM‡qwQj co‡Z|
PÆMÖvg K‡j‡Ri QvÎ _vKvi mgq Rwo‡q c‡o gI`y`xi
‡gŠjev`x ivRbxwZ‡Z| Rvgvqv‡Zi A½msMVb Bmjvgx
QvÎms‡Ni `vwqZ¡ cvq ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡M|
71 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq RvgvqvZ c¶ ‡bq cvwK¯—
v‡bi| ivRvKvi AwW©b¨vÝ Rvwii ci Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx
Zv‡`i QvÎ msMVb QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZv‡`i ¯^ ¯^ ‡Rjvi
ivRvKvi evwnbxi cÖavb wbhy³ K‡i| ‡mB myev‡` gxi Kv‡kg
Avjx PÆMÖvg ‡Rjvi cÖavb nq| PÆMÖvg ‡Rjvi mg¯—
ivRvKvix Kg©Kv‡Ûi bv‡Ui ¸i“ wQj ‡m| Ô71 Gi 2 AvM÷
PÆMÖvg gymwjg BÝwUwUD‡U Zvi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax
mgv‡ek Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e ‡m Zvi fvl‡Y
e‡j MÖv‡gM‡Ä cÖwZwU GjvKvq Lyu‡R Lyu‡R cvwK¯—vb
we‡ivax‡`i ‡kl wPýwU gy‡Q ‡dj‡Z n‡e|
Zvi ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax ZrciZvi mgq QvÎ ms‡Ni bZyb
cÖv‡`wkK cwil` MVb nq| gxi Kv‡kg nq Zvi mvaviY
m¤úv`K| QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZviv ïi“ ‡_‡KB eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi
cwiKíbv Ki‡Z _v‡K| b‡f¤^‡i NUv K‡i cvwjZ nq e`i
w`em| Gw`b evqZyj ‡gvKvii‡g QvÎ ms‡Ni mgv‡e‡k gxi
Kv‡kg& Avjx e‡j, cvwK¯—vbxiv ‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB wn›`y‡`i
‡Mvjvgx Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgiv ‡kl i³we›`y w`‡q n‡jI
cvwK¯—v‡bi HK¨ I msnwZ i¶v Kie|
4 wW‡m¤^i Bqvwnqv Lvb Ri“ix Ae¯’v Rvwii ci gxi Kvwkg
GK wee…wZ w`‡q e‡j wn›`y¯—vb‡K ûwkqvi K‡i w`‡Z PvB
cvwK¯—vb fvO‡Z G‡j wn›`y¯—vb wb‡RB wbwðý n‡q hv‡e|
‡`k‡cÖwgK mK‡j kÎyi wei“‡× gib AvNvZ nvbyb| Gici
ïi“ nq eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi cwiKíbv| gxi Kv‡k‡gi wb‡`©‡k
PÆMÖv‡gi ‡UwjMÖvd Awd‡mi jv‡Mvqv Wvwjg ‡nv‡U‡j
ivRvKvi evwnbxi ew›` wkwei ‡Lvjv nq| eû ‡jvK‡K ILv‡b
G‡b Lyb Kiv nq| cvwbi e`‡j A‡bK e›`x‡K LvIqv‡bv
n‡Zv cÖmÖve| 17 wW‡m¤^i ‡mLvb ‡_‡K mv‡o wZbk e›`x‡K
cÖvq g…Z Ae¯’vq D×vi Kiv nq| eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi ZvwjKv
cÖYqbKvix‡`i Ab¨Zg wQj gxi Kv‡kg Avjx|
¯^vaxbZvi ci gxi Kv‡kg cvwj‡q XvKv P‡j Av‡m| wg›Uy
bv‡g wb‡R‡K cwiPq w`Z, ejZ ‡m gyw³‡hv×v| wKš‘ wPwýZ
n‡q covi ci Av‡iK NvZK gCbywχbi m‡½ cvwj‡q P‡j
hvq jÛb| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡mŠw` Avie| ‡mLv‡b ¯^vaxbZv
we‡ivax‡`i msMwVZ Ki‡Z _v‡K| e½eÜy nZ¨vi ci ‡`‡k
wd‡i Av‡m gxi Kvwkg| GKwU D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ NUbv n‡jv
gykZvK miKvi gywR‡ei NvZK‡`i evPv‡Z Bb‡WgwbwU
Aa¨v‡`k Rvwii cvkvcvwk cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i ‡bq `vjvj AvBb|
wRqvi kvmbvg‡j bZyb K‡i msMwVZ nq Bmjvgx QvÎ msN,
bvg e`‡j nq Bmjvgx QvÎ wkwei| QvÎ wkwe‡ii cÖ_g
‡K›`Öxq mfvcwZ nq gxi Kv‡kg Avjx| Gici ‡ivwn½v
cybe©vm‡bi bv‡g iv‡eZv Avj Bmjvgx M‡o Zy‡j| ga¨cÖv‡P¨i
‡`k¸‡jvi UvKvq Av‡¯— Av‡¯— evbvq Bmjvgx e¨vsK, Be‡b
wmbv UÖv÷ I Be‡b wmbv dvg©vwmDwUKvjm| Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx
I wkwe‡ii Av‡qi Ges Kg©ms¯’v‡bi eo Drm n‡q `vuovq
Gme cÖwZôvb|
Z_¨m~Î : gyw³hy× ‡Kvl/ Z…Zxq LÛ
m¤úv`K : gybZvmxi gvgyb
145
m~wPcÎ |
MYZ`š— Kwgk‡bi wi‡cvU© : hy×vcivax Kvgvi“¾vgvb m¤ú‡K©
Awg ingvb wcqvj
‡gvnv¤§` Kvgvi“¾vgvb Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki mnKvix
‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij| mvßvwnK ‡mvbvi evsjvi m¤úv`K,
Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi gyLcÎ ‰`wbK msMÖv‡gi mv‡eK wbe©vnx
m¤úv`K| 1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi
¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax ZrciZv I hy×vciv‡ai weeiYmg~n
ZrKvjxb msev`cÎ, gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm welqK MÖš’ I
wbh©vwZZ e¨w³‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K Rvbv ‡M‡Q| Ô71 mv‡j
Kvgvi“¾vgvb Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ZrKvjxb QvÎ msMVb
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi ‡bZv wQ‡jb|
gyw³hy‡×i mgq Rvgvjcy‡i cÖ_g Avje`i evwnbx M‡o I‡V
hvi cÖavb msMVK wQ‡jb Kvgvi“¾vgvb|
1971 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷ ‰`wbK msMÖv‡g cÖKvwkZ GKwU
cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, cvwK¯—v‡bi 25Zg AvRv`x w`em
Dcj‡¶¨ MZ kwbevi ‡gv‡gbkvnx Avje`i evwnbxi D‡`¨v‡M
wgwQj I wm‡¤úvwRqvg AbywôZ nq| ¯’vbxq gymwjg
Bbw÷wUD‡U Av‡qvwRZ GB wm‡¤úvwRqv‡g mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib
Avje`i evwnbxi cÖavb msMVK Rbve Kvgvi“¾vgvb| GK
ZvievZ©vq cÖKvk wm‡¤úvwRqv‡g wewfbœ e³vMb ‡`k‡K aŸsm
Kivi loh‡š¿ wjß `ykgb‡`i m¤ú‡K© mZK©evYx D”PviY
K‡ib|
Rvgvjcy‡i ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbx wn‡m‡e Avje`i M‡o IVvi
mv‡_ mv‡_ RvgvZ ‡bZ…Z¡ ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡i ‡h QvÎ
msN‡K Zviv mk¯¿ K‡i gyw³hy× we‡ivax ZrciZv QvovI
eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi Rb¨ we‡kl ‡¯‹vqvW wn‡me e¨envi Ki‡Z
cvi‡e| cÖ_gZ cix¶vg~jKfv‡e mviv gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kg©x‡`i Avje`i evwnbx wn‡m‡e
msMwVZ K‡i mk¯¿ ‡UÖwbs ‡`Iqv nq| GB mvsMVwbK
Kvh©Kª‡gi cwiPvjK wQ‡jb Kvgvi“¾vgvb| Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi
‡bZ…‡Z¡ gvmLv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi mg¯— QvÎ
msN Kg©x‡K Avje`i evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©y³ Kiv nq (Z_¨m~Î :
GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq, gyw³hy× ‡PZbv
weKvk ‡K›`Ö, c…: 111-112)
‡kicy‡ii GKRb knx‡`i wcZv dRjyj nK MYZ`š—
Kwgkb‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zvi ‡Q‡j knx` ew`D¾vgvb‡K
gyw³hy‡×i mgq Avlvp gv‡mi GKw`‡b Zvi ‡eqvBi evwo
‡_‡K Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 11 R‡bi GKwU `j a‡i wb‡q
hvq| knx` ew`D¾vgvb‡K Avng` bMi cvwK¯—vbx evwnbxi
K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq| ¯^vaxbZvi ci knx‡`i eo fvB
nvmvby¾vgvb ev`x n‡q bvwjZvevwo _vbvq gvgjv `v‡qi
K‡ib| GB gvgjvi 18Rb Avmvgxi Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb
Kvgvi“¾vgvb| gvgjvwUi b¤^i -2(5)72| wRAvi bs-
250(2)72|
‡kicyi ‡Rjvi knx` ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dvi PvPvZ fvB kvnRvnvb
ZvjyK`vi Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡ji 24 AvM÷ Avje`iiv
‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K ‡kicyi kn‡ii moK ‡_‡K a‡i ejc~e©K
Zv‡`i K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q hvq| ‡kicyi kn‡ii my‡i›`Ö‡gvnb mvnvi
evwowU `Lj K‡i Avje`iiv Zv‡`i K¨v¤ú evwb‡qwQj| ‡m
K¨v‡¤ú ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K a‡i wb‡q Avje`iiv Zvi Mv‡qi
gvsm I iM ‡K‡U, nvZ ‡eu‡a nuvwU‡q wb‡q hvq ‡kix weÖ‡Ri
wb‡P| ‡mLv‡b Zviv ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K|
Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi cÖZ¨¶ wb‡`©‡k GB nZ¨vKvÊwU N‡UwQj|
knx` ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dvi nZ¨vKvÊ ‡h Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi Øviv
msNwUZ n‡qwQj GB Z_¨ ‡kicy‡ii Av‡iv A‡b‡KB
w`‡q‡Qb|
evsjv‡`k QvÎjxM ‡kicyi ‡Rjv kvLvi mv‡eK mfvcwZ knx`
wcZvi mš—vb Zvcm mvnv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, gyw³hy‡×i mgq
Kvgvi“¾vgvb I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv ‡kicy‡ii wewfbœ GjvKv
‡_‡K Avje`i K¨v‡¤ú bvix-cyi“l-hyeK a‡i wb‡q Zv‡`i
Dci AZ¨vPvi PvjvZ| Avje`iiv Zv‡`i PveyK w`‡q
‡cUv‡Zv| Kvgvi“¾vgvb evwnbx ‡kicyi ‡cŠimfvi mv‡eK
Kwgkbvi gwR`‡K a‡i wb‡q wM‡qwQj UP©vi K¨v‡¤ú| mKv‡j
a‡i wb‡q cy‡ivw`b Zv‡K UP©vi K¨v‡¤úi AÜKvi K‚‡c AvU‡K
iv‡L|
1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡mi gvSvgvwS GK `ycy‡i ‡kicyi
K‡j‡Ri ZrKvjxb Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm I ms¯‹…wZ wefv‡Mi
cÖfvlK ‰mq` Ave`yj nvbœvb‡K ‡Lvjv Mv‡q, gv_v b¨vov K‡i,
Mv‡q gy‡L PybKvwj gvwL‡q, Mjvq RyZvi gvjv cwo‡q cÖvq
Dj½ Ae¯’vq PveyK w`‡q ‡cUv‡Z ‡cUv‡Z Kvgvi“¾vgvb I
Zvi mn‡hvMxiv ‡kicyi kni cÖ`w¶Y Kivq|
‡kicyi ‡Rjvi AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mv‡eK ‡bZv wRqvDj nK
Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡ji 22 AvM÷ we‡Kj 5Uvq
KvgvwoP‡i Zvi wb‡Ri evwo ‡_‡K MvwRi Lvgv‡i hvevi mgq
3Rb mk¯¿ Avje`i Zv‡K a‡i wb‡q ‡kicyi kn‡i Avje`i
UP©vi K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q hvq| wZwb ‡mB K¨v‡¤ú Kvgvi“¾vgvbmn
Zvi mn‡hvMx‡`i ‡`‡Lb| Zviv wRqvDj nK‡K `yw`b UP©vi
K¨v‡¤úi AÜKvi K‚‡c AvU‡K iv‡L| Gici ‡kicyi ‡Q‡o
hvevi k‡Z© Zv‡K ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv nq| Ab¨_vq Zviv Zv‡K
nZ¨vi ûgwK ‡`q|
‡kicyi RvZxq cvwU©i ‡bZv gyw³‡hv×v Gg`v`yj nK nxiv
Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g w`‡KB
Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi mnvqZvq cvwK¯—vbxiv Zvi evoxNi R¡vwj‡q
cywo‡q w`‡qwQj| ‡mLv‡b Zviv cvuPwU ev¼vi K‡iwQj| Zvi
evwoi wjPyMv‡Qi wb‡P gvbyl a‡i G‡b nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
Aci GKRb cÖZ¨¶`k©x eZ©gv‡b ‡kicy‡ii bKjvi nvRx
Rvjgvgy` K‡j‡Ri wk¶K gymwdKy¾vgvb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971
mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡mi gvSvgvwS mgq wZb Avwb evRvi¯’ evmv
I e¨emv cÖwZôvb¸wj jyU Kiv n‡qwQj Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi
wb‡`©‡k I Dcw¯’wZ‡Z|
‡kicy‡i gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx, ivRvKvi I
Avje`i KZ©…K wbixn ‡jvKRb‡`i a‡i Avbv Ges Zv‡`i
jvk enb Kivi Rb¨ e¨eüZ UÖvK¸‡jvi GKRb WÖvBfvi
Rvwb‡q‡Qb Kvgvi“¾vgvb bKjvi gyw³‡hv×v nš—vi evwo
‡cvov‡bvi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx‡K iv¯—v ‡`wL‡q wb‡q hvb|
ZLb nš—vi evwo ‡_‡K Kvgvi“¾vgvb cÖvq 100 gb PvjI jyU
K‡i| GQvovI Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avje`iiv mvaviY
gvby‡li Mi“-QvMj a‡ib wb‡q AvmZ Ges cwiZ¨³
m¤úwËmn Ab¨vb¨ Rwg m¤úwË ‡Rvi K‡i `Lj K‡i wbZ e‡j
Rvwb‡q‡Qb GB UÖvK WÖvBfvi| Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡m
mgq WvKvwZi Awf‡hvM cvIqv ‡M‡Q|
146
m~wPcÎ |
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Ges cÖvmw½K AvB‡bi we‡k¬lY
GKivgyj nK kvgxg
1973 mv‡ji 20 RyjvB RvZxq msm‡` ZrKvjxb AvBbgš¿x
kÖx g‡bviÄb ai e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvR‡K evsjv‡`‡k ‡h me
hy×vciva AbywôZ n‡q‡Q, ‡mRb¨ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi bv K‡i
hw` Zviv webv wePv‡i, webv kvw¯—‡Z ‡invB ‡c‡q hvb, Zvn‡j
mg¯— mf¨ RvwZi ‡Pv‡L Avgiv cwinv‡mi cvÎ n‡ev| Ges
Avgiv AZ¨š— K`h© bRxi ¯’vcb Kie| GB wePvi Avgv‡`i
cigZg KZ©e¨|Õ
1973 mv‡ji ci ‡cwi‡q ‡M‡Q `xN© mgq| GB ch©v‡q G‡m
evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb bvMwiK wn‡m‡e hw` Avwg ewj, Avgiv
mf¨ RvwZi ‡Pv‡L ‡Kgb cwinv‡mi cvÎ n‡qwQ? GB wK
Avgvi evsjv‡`k, hv‡`i i‡³i wewbg‡q ¯^vaxb GB ‡`k
Zv‡`i nZ¨vi wePvi AvRZK Ki‡Z cv‡i wb ‡h ‡`k? GB wK
evsjv‡`k, ‡hLv‡b ¯^vaxbZvi G‡Zv eQi c‡iI
HwZnvwmKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z mZ¨‡K K_vi Zyewo‡Z wg_¨v evbv‡Z
Pvb ¯^xK…Z ‡Kvb hy×vcivax|
hw` mviv evsjv‡`‡k MY‡fvU PvIqv nq, Kviv hy×vcivax‡`i
wePvi Pvb? Z‡e GUv `…pfv‡e ejv hvq cÖvq mevB hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii c‡¶ _vK‡eb| G‡ZvwKQyi ciI ‡Kb GB
‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡”Q bv? hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii
‡¶‡Î cÖwZeÜKZvUv ‡Kv_vq? ‡hLv‡b cÖRvZ‡š¿i ‡ewkifvM
‡jvK GB `vwei c‡¶|
AvB‡bi QvÎ wn‡m‡e Avwg hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Ges Zvi
AvBbMZ w`K wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB|
evsjv‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ_g AvBb cvk Kiv
nq 1972 mv‡j| AvBbwUi bvg Bangladesh
Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972 | GwU
`vjvj AvBb bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1972 mv‡ji 24 Rvbyqvwi
ivóÖcwZi ‡NvlYv Øviv cÖewZ©Z `vjvj AvBbwUi cÖ‡qvM ïi“ nq
‡deª“qvwi gvm ‡_‡K Z`š— cÖwKªqv ïi“ Kivi gva¨‡g| cÖm½Z
D‡j¬L Kiv hvq, 1972 mv‡ji 24 Rvbyqvix AvBbwUi Av‡`k
Rvix n‡jI cieZ©x‡Z GKB eQ‡ii 6 ‡deª“qvwi, 1 Ryb Ges
29 AvM÷ Zvwi‡L wZb`dv ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g AvBbwU Pyovš—
nq| cieZ©x‡Z `vjvj AvB‡bi Aax‡b 37 nvRv‡ii ‡ewk
e¨w³‡K ‡MÖdZvi Kiv nq Ges wewfbœ Av`vj‡Z Zv‡`i wePvi
Avi¤¢ nq| Gi cvkvcvwk miKvwi PvKywi‡Z Kg©iZ‡`i ‡KD
`vjvjx Ges hy×vciv‡ai m‡½ hy³ wQ‡jb wKbv Zv hvPvB
Kivi Rb¨ 1972 mv‡ji 13 Ryb GKwU Av‡`k Rvwi K‡i hv
ZLb ‡M‡RU AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|
1973 mv‡ji 30 b‡f¤^i `vjvj AvB‡b AvUK ‡h mKj
e¨w³‡`i wei“‡× hy×vciv‡ai mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb Awf‡hvM ‡bB
Zv‡`i Rb¨ ¶gv ‡NvlYv Kiv nq| mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi ci
`vjvj AvB‡b AvUK 37 nvRv‡ii AwaK e¨w³i ‡fZi ‡_‡K
cÖvq 26 nvRvi Qvov ‡c‡q wM‡qwQj|
mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi 5bs avivi (K) Aby‡”Q‡` ‡h weavb
ivLv nq Zv‡Z mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© ‡Kvb hy×vcivax gyw³ cvIqvi
K_v bq| KviY ‡NvlYvi 5 bs avivq ejv n‡q‡Q -
Ôhviv ewY©Z Av‡`‡ki wb‡Pi ewY©Z avivmg~‡n kvw¯—‡hvM¨
Aciv‡a mvRvcÖvß A_ev hv‡`i wei“‡× mywbw`©ó Awf‡hvM
i‡q‡Q A_ev hv‡`i wei“‡× wb‡gœv³ aviv ‡gvZv‡eK ‡KvbwU
A_ev meKwU Awf‡hvM _vK‡e
(1) 121 (evsjv‡`‡ki we‡iv‡× hy× Pvjv‡bv A_ev Pvjv‡bvi
‡Póv),
(2) 121 K (evsjv‡`‡ki we‡iv‡× hy× Pvjv‡bvi lohš¿),
(3) 128 K (ivóÖ‡`ÖvwnZv),
(4) 302 (nZ¨v),
(5) 304 (nZ¨vi ‡Póv),
(6) 363 (AcniY),
(7) 364 (nZ¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨ AcniY)
(8) 365 (AvUK ivLvi D‡Ï‡k¨ AcniY),
(9) 368 (AcüZ e¨w³‡K ¸g I AvUK ivLv),
(10) 376 (al©Y),
(11) 392 (`m¨ye…wË),
(12) 394 (`m¨ye…wËKv‡j AvNvZ),
(13) 395 (WvKvwZ),
(14) 396 (Lybmn WvKvwZ),
(15) 397 (nZ¨v A_ev gvivZœK AvNvZmn `m¨ye…wË A_ev
WvKvwZ),
(16) 435 (Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK `Ö‡e¨i mvnv‡h¨
¶wZmvaY),
(17) 436 (evwoNi aŸs‡mi D‡Ï‡k¨ Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK
`Öe¨ e¨envi),
(18) ‡dŠR`vix `Ûwewai 436 (Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK `Ö‡e¨i
mvnv‡h¨ ‡Kvb Rjhv‡bi ¶wZ mvab) A_ev Gme Kv‡R Drmvn
`vb| Gme Acivax ‡Kvbfv‡eB ¶gvi ‡hvM¨ bb|Õ
GLb cÖkœ n‡jv mywbw`©ófv‡e GB 18wU aviv D‡j¬L Kivi ciI
wK ‡KD ej‡Z cv‡i ‡h mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g
hy×vcivax‡`i Qvov ‡c‡q hvIqvi my‡hvM K‡i ‡`qv n‡q‡Q?
mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi ciI 11 nvRv‡ii ‡ewk e¨w³ G mKj
Aciv‡ai `v‡q KvivMv‡i AvUK wQj Ges Zv‡`i wePvi
Kvh©Kªg PjwQj| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z 1975 mv‡ji 31 wW‡m¤^i
`vjvj AvBb evwZj K‡i hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kvh©Kªg eÜ
K‡i ‡`qv nq|
‡mB cÖm½ GB iPbvq Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i wd‡i hvB mvaviY
¶gv cÖm‡½| GB mvaviY ¶gv wb‡q GKUv weZK© ‡_‡KB
hvq| ‡kL gywReyi ingvb mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb
wK‡mi wfwˇZ? mvaviY ¶gvi welqwU wK ïayB mnvbyf~wZi
welq, bvwK ‡mLv‡b mvsweavwbK ‡Kvb ‰eaZv i‡q‡Q?
evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ivóÖcÖav‡bi ¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi my‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| j¶ Kwi eZ©gvb msweav‡bi 49 bs Aby‡”Q` (1972
mv‡ji msweav‡bi 57 bs Aby‡”Q`)
ÔThe President shall have power to grant pardons,
reprieves and respites and to remit, suspend or
commute any sentence passed by any court, tribu-
nal or other authority.Õ
A_©vr Ô‡Kvb Av`vjZ, UÖvBe¨ybvj ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb KZ©…c¶ KZ©…K
cÖ`Ë ‡h ‡Kvb `‡Ûi gvR©bv, wej¤^b I weivg gÄyi Kwievi
Ges ‡h ‡Kvb `Û gIKyd ¯’wMZ ev nÖvm Kwievi ¶gZv
ivóÖcwZi _vwK‡e|Õ
147
m~wPcÎ |
myZivs ejv hvq, ïaygvÎ kvw¯— Ges `ÛcÖvß e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB
¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi AwaKvi Av‡Q ivóÖcÖav‡bi| wKš‘ hviv kvw¯—
wKsev `Û cvbwb Zv‡`i‡K wK mvaviY ¶gv Kiv hv‡e?
‡mB weZ‡K© bv wM‡q wd‡i Avwm hy×ivcivax‡`i wePvi
cÖm‡½| `vjvj AvBb evwZj n‡q hvIqvi Kvi‡Y hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi n‡e bv wKsev wePvi m¤¢e bq GgbUv ‡gv‡UI
bq| KviY GL‡bv iv‡óÖi m‡e©v”P AvBb wn‡m‡e L¨vZ
msweav‡b hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii welqwU i‡q‡Q; i‡q‡Q
47(3) Aby‡”Q`| GQvov hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kivi me‡P‡q
Kvh©Kix AvBb The International crimes (Tribunals) Act
1973 GL‡bv i‡q‡Q|
G wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z PvB Avgv‡`i msweav‡bi cÖ_g
ms‡kvabx m¤^‡Ü| 1973 mv‡ji 15 RyjvB cÖ_g ms‡kvabx
M…nxZ nq Ges GwU ivóÖcwZi Aby‡gv`b cvq 17 RyjvB| GB
cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi welqe¯—y wQj hy×vcivaxmn Ab¨vb¨
MYwe‡ivax‡`i wePv‡ii weavb wbwðZ Kiv|
msweav‡bi cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g 47(3) Aby‡”Q` Aš—f~³
Kiv nq| GB Aby‡”Q`wUi w`‡K `…wó ‡`qv hvK -
ÒNotwithstanding anything contained in this
Constitution, no law nor any provision thereof pro-
viding for detention , prosecution or punishment of
any person, who is a member of any armed or
defence or auxiliary forces or who is a prisoner of
war, for genocide, crimes against humanity or war
crimes and other crimes under international law
shall be deemed void or unlawful, or ever to have
become void or unlawful, on the ground that such
law or provision of any such law is inconsistent with,
or repugnent to, any of the provision of this
Constitution.Ó
A_©vr, Ò GB msweavb hvnv ejv nBqv‡Q, Zvnv m‡Ë¡I
MYnZ¨vRwbZ Aciva, gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva ev hy×vciva
Ges Avš—R©vwZK AvB‡bi Aaxb Ab¨vb¨ Aciv‡ai Rb¨ ‡Kvb
mk¯¿ evwnbxi m`m¨ wKsev hy×e›`x‡K AvUK, ‡dŠR`vix‡Z
‡mvc`© wKsev `Û`vb Kwievi weavb-msewjZ ‡Kvb AvBb ev
AvB‡bi weavb GB msweav‡bi ‡Kvb weav‡bi mwnZ AmgÄm¨
ev Zvnvi cwicš’x, GB Kvi‡Y evwZj ev ‡eAvBbx ewjqv n‡e
MY¨ nB‡e bv wKsev KLbI evwZj ev ‡eAvBbx nBqv‡Q ewjqv
MY¨ nB‡e bv|Ó
AmgÄm¨ ev cwicš’xi K_v ‡Kb Avm‡Q, ‡m welqwU eyS‡Z
n‡j Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z n‡e msweav‡bi KwZcq weav‡bi
AcÖ‡hvR¨Zv wk‡ivbv‡g wewae× 47 (K) (1) Ges 47 (L)
(2) Aby‡”Q`|
47 (K) (1) - Ò ‡h e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 47
Aby‡”Q‡`i (3) `dvq ewY©Z ‡Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq, ‡mB
e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 31 Aby‡”Q`, 35 Aby‡”Q‡`i
(1) I (3) `dv Ges 44 Aby‡”Q‡`i Aawb wbðqK…Z
AwaKvimg~n cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv|Ó
47 (K) (2) - Ò GB msweav‡b hvnv ejv nBqv‡Q, Zvnv
m‡Ë¡I ‡h e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 47 Aby‡”Q‡`i (3)
`dvq ewY©Z ‡Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ nq, GB msweav‡bi Aaxb
‡Kvb cÖwZKv‡ii Rb¨ mycÖxg ‡Kv‡U© Av‡e`b Kwievi ‡Kvb
AwaKvi ‡mB e¨w³i _vwK‡e bv|Ó
GLb msweav‡bi 35 (1) bs Aby‡”Q‡`i w`‡K j¶¨ Kwi -
Ò Aciv‡ai `vqgy³ Kvh©msNUbKv‡j ejer wQj GBi“c AvBb
f½ Kwievi Aciva e¨ZxZ ‡Kvb e¨w³‡K ‡`vlx mve¨¯— Kiv
hvB‡e bv Ges Aciva msNUbKv‡j ejer ‡mB AvBbe‡j ‡h
`Û ‡`Iqv hvB‡Z cvwiZ, Zvnv‡K Zvnvi AwaK ev Zvnv
nB‡Z wfbœ `Û ‡`Iqv hvB‡e bv|Ó
Aby‡”Q` 47 (3) Gi ci Aby‡”Q` 35 (1) Gi Av‡jvPbv
wb‡q Avmvi KviY n‡jv msweav‡bi cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi Ab¨Zg
Dcj¶¨B n‡jv GB 35 (1) bs Aby‡”Q`| Òex post factoÓ
laws e‡j AvB‡b GKUv Uvg© i‡q‡Q|
Ex post facto law is one which, in its operation, (1)
makes that criminal which was not so at the time
the act was not so at the time the act was per-
formed, or (2) which increases the punishment, or in
short which in relation to the offence or its conse-
quence, alters the situation of a party to his detri-
ment or disadvantage.
Avgv‡`i msweav‡b ex post facto law m¤úwK©Z Aby‡”Q`wU
n‡jv 35 (1)| hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î ‡Kvb AvBb
hv‡Z ex post facto Uvg©wUi m‡½ we‡iva bv K‡i ‡mRb¨B
msweav‡b 47 (3) Aby‡”Q` ‡hvM Kiv nq|
Gevi wd‡i Avwm hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi m¤úwK©Z Kvh©Kix AvBb
The International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973
cÖm‡½| 1973 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB RvZxq
msm‡` me©m¤§wZKª‡g cvk nq GB AvBb|
Avgiv j¶¨ Kwi 17 RyjvB msweav‡bi cÖ_g
ms‡kvabx Aby‡gvw`Z nIqvi wZbw`b c‡iB The
International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 cvk nq|
Zvi gv‡b msweav‡bi 47 (3) Aby‡”Q‡` hy×vcivax‡`i
wePv‡ii Rb¨ ‡h AvBbwUi K_v ejv n‡qwQj The
International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 -B n‡”Q
‡mB AvBb| A_©vr GB AvBbwU msweav‡bi Ab¨ ‡Kvb
Aby‡”Q‡`i m‡½ AmgÄm¨ ev cwicš’x n‡jI evwZj n‡e bv|
myZivs hviv hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î Gi ‡`vnvB ‡`Lvb
Zv‡`i Rb¨ ‡gv¶g Reve n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 47
(3) Aby‡”Q`| GLv‡b GKwU ARynv‡Zi Reve ‡`qv n‡jv|
msweav‡bi ‡P‡q eo AvBb †Zv evsjv‡`‡k Ab¨ ‡Kvb AvBb
bq|
Av‡iKwU ARynvZ n‡”Q wmgjv Pyw³| wmgjv Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq
1972 mv‡ji 2 RyjvB| GB Pyw³i gva¨‡g hy×e›`x‡`i wew-
bgq n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GB Pyw³‡Z ‡Kv_vI ejv bvB ‡h hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi n‡e bv|
G mewKQyi ci Av‡iKwU welq g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z PvB msweavb
GB ‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvBb| Ab¨ ‡h‡Kvb AvB‡bi mv‡_
AmvgÄm¨ wKsev cwicš’x n‡j msweav‡bi AvBb cÖvavb¨
cv‡e| msweav‡bi 47 (3) avivq hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii K_v
ejv n‡q‡Q| Ges GB avivi wfwˇZB cieZ©x‡Z The
International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 Kvh©Ki
nq| GB A¨v±wU hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii wel‡q e‡j, hvi
mg_©‡b i‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi GKwU Aby‡”Q`| ‡Kvb
ai‡bi Pyw³ wKsev Av‡jvPbv wbðqB msweav‡bi AvB‡bi
Dc‡i ¯’vb ‡c‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvn‡j GUv ¯^Ztwm× ‡h hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î AvBbMZ ‡Kvb evav ‡bB|
cÖm½Z GKUv welq D‡j¬L Ki‡Z PvB| msweav‡bi Z…Zxq
fv‡Mi wk‡ivbvg ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi| Gi Aax‡b 26 bs ‡_‡K
47 (K) bs Aby‡”Q` i‡q‡Q| iv‡óÖi KZ©e¨ GB Aby‡”Q`¸‡jv
Aek¨B Kvh©Ki Kiv| 47 (3) Aby‡”Q` ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi
As‡k c‡o| msweav‡bi 2q fv‡M i‡q‡Q ivóª cwiPvjbvi
gyjbxwZ hvi Aax‡b Av‡Q 8 ‡_‡K 25 bs Aby‡”Q`| ivóÖ
cwiPvjbvi gyjbxwZ¸‡jv Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ejer‡hvM¨ bq|
wKš‘ ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi As‡ki ‡h‡Kvb Aby‡”Q‡`i `vwe iv‡óÖi
bvMwiK Ki‡ZB cv‡i| iv‡óÖi bvMwiK wn‡m‡e Avgiv 47 (3)
148
m~wPcÎ |
bs Aby‡”Q` Kvh©Ki Ges ev¯—evq‡bi `vwe Ki‡ZB cvwi|
myZivs ‡Rvi Mjvq ej‡Z cvwi, hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡ZB
n‡e|
GLb wd‡i Avwm The International Crimes (Tribunals)
Act 1973 Gi LywUbvwU wel‡q| 1973 mv‡ji GB AvBbwU
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© GKwU AvBb|
The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi
Jurisdiction A_©vr wePv‡ii GLwZqvi Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q
AvBbwUi 3(1) avivq| ‡mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q-
ÒA tribunal shall have the power to try and punish
any person irrespective of his nationality who, being
a member of any armed, defence or auxiliary force
commits or has committed, in the territorry of
Bangladesh, whether before or after the commence-
ment of this Act, any of the following crimes.Ó
DcwiD³ avivwUi `ywU wK j¶¨ Kwi| ejv n‡q‡Q any per-
son irrespective of his nationality Avevi ejv n‡q‡Q
whether before or after the commencement of this
Act; A_©vr ‡h‡Kvb ‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡K GB AvB‡bi gva¨‡g
wePvi Kiv hv‡e| cvkvcvwk Aciva GB AvBb cÖYq‡bi Av‡M
wKsev c‡i ‡h mgqB ‡nvK bv ‡Kb, Aciv‡ai wePvi m¤¢e GB
AvB‡bi gva¨‡gB|
3(2) avivq ‡ek wKQy ai‡bi Aciv‡ai K_v ejv n‡q‡Q,
‡h¸‡jvi Rb¨ GB AvBb Abyhvqx Jurisdiction i‡q‡Q|
G¸‡jv n‡jv (a) Crimes against Humanity (b) Crimes
against Peace (c) Genocide (d) War crimes (e)
Violation of any humanitarian rules applicable in
armed conflicts laid down in the Geneva Convertion
of 1949 (f) any other crimes under international law
(g) attempt, abetment on conspiracy to commit any
such crimes (h) complicity in our failure to present
commission of any such crimes.
1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx
evwnbxiv Gi cÖwZwU Aciva K‡i‡Q| myZivs GB AvB‡bi
Aax‡b Zv‡`i wePvi n‡ZB n‡e|
j¶¨ Kiv hvK msweav‡bi 47(3) aviv Ges The
International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 `yB
RvqMv‡ZB auxiliary forces Gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GB aux-
iliary forces Gi msÁv ‡`qv n‡q‡Q 1973 mv‡ji AvB‡bi
2(a) avivq| ‡mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q-
Òauxiliary forcesÓ includes forces placed under the
control of the Armed Forces for operational, admin-
istrative, static and other purpose.Ó
msÁvi control of the Armed Forces K_vwU g‡b ivwL
Ges cieZ©x‡Z ivRvKvi evwnbx MV‡bi w`‡K `…wócvZ Kwi|
1971 mv‡ji 2 AvM÷ ivRvKvi evwnbx MwVZ nq The East
Pakistan Razakars Ordinance, 1972 Gi gva¨‡g|
cieZ©x‡Z 1972 mv‡ji 7 ‡m‡Þ¤^i cvwK¯—vb cÖwZi¶v
gš¿Yvj‡qi GKwU ‡M‡RU ‡bvwUwd‡Kk‡bi (No.
4852/583/PS-1y/3659/D-2A) gva¨‡g ivRvKvi evwnbx‡K
mivmwi cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK evwnbxi Aax‡b Avbv nq| ‡M‡RU
‡bvwUwd‡Kk‡bi (b) clause wU j¶¨ Kwi-
The officer of the Pakistan Army under whose com-
mand any member of the Razakarsis placed shall
exercise the same powers in relation to that mwm-
ber as he is authorized to exercise under the side
Act in relation to a member of the Pakistan Army
place under his command.
myZivs Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi 1973 mv‡ji AvBbwUi gva¨‡g
ivRvKvi evwnbx, Avj e`i evwnbx Ges Avj kvgm evwnbxi
m`m¨‡`i wePvi Kiv m¤¢e| Ges wkMwMiB GB wePvi KvR
ïi“ Kiv DwPZ|
GB ‡h ch©v‡jvPbv ‡k‡l ejjvg The International Crimes
(Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
m¤¢e, Zvic‡iI ‡Kb GZ eQi n‡q ‡M‡jI hy×vcivax‡`i
wePvi n‡”Q bv? ‡mUv ixwZg‡Zv eo iK‡gi cÖkœ e‡U| The
International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi Aax‡b
hy×vcivax‡`i wePviKvR ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡j tribunal MVb
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi ‡mB tribunal MVb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q
The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi 6
bs avivq| 6(1) avivq ejv n‡q‡Q-
ÒFor the purpose of section 3, the Government may,
by notification in the official Gazette, set up one or
more Tribunals, each consisting of a Chairman and
not less than two and not more than four other
members.Ó
GLv‡b j¶¨ Ki“b may kãwUi e¨envi| A_©vr miKvi B‡”Q
Ki‡j GK ev G‡Ki AwaK tribunal MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
wKš‘ GLb ch©š— ‡Kvb miKv‡iiB GB B”QvUv
nqwb| ZvB GZ eQi c‡iI hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
nq wb| wZb A¶‡ii `ye©j k‡ãi e¨envi hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePviKvR `xN©vwqZ K‡i‡Q| A_P GLv‡b may k‡ãi
cwie‡Z© shall A_ev will e¨envi Ki‡j miKvi‡K hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ Aek¨B tribunal MVb Ki‡Z n‡Zv|
Avi tribunal MVb n‡j wbtm‡›`‡n hy×vciva‡`i wePvi m¤¢e|
eZ©gvb miKv‡ii Avg‡j hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii welqwU
Av‡jvwPZ welq n‡q `vwo‡q‡Q| wgwWqvq hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
wb‡q e¨vcK Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q| RbmvaviYI Pv‡”Q hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi ‡nvK|
Avgiv cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Z cvwi- miKvi hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii
Rb¨ tribunal MVb K‡i hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨e¯’v Ki‡e|
Avi GB KvRwU hw` eZ©gvb miKv‡ii c‡¶ m¤¢e bvI nq
Zvn‡j Aš—Z GB miKvi ‡hb The International Crimes
(Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi 6(1) avivq may k‡ãi cwie‡Z©
shall A_ev will k‡ãi cÖwZ¯’vc‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i hvq| hv‡Z
cieZ©x‡Z hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii KvR GwM‡q hvq|
Av‡jvPbvi me‡k‡l cwi¯‹vi K‡i ejv hvK, ¯^vaxbZvi GZ
eQi c‡iI ‡Kb Avgiv hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi PvB| gvbeZvi
wei“‡× 1971 mv‡j ‡h Aciva msMwVZ n‡qwQj Zvi wePvi
Aek¨B cÖZ¨vwkZ| cieZ©x‡Z hv‡Z KL‡bvB G ai‡bi
Aciva msMwVZ bv nq Zv wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
Ki‡Z n‡e| hy×vciv‡ai wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î Limitation Act
cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
5 Rvbyqvwi 2008
m~Î :
1. MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb|
2. The Bangladesh Collaborators (secial Tribunals)
(Amendment) Order 1972
3. The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973
4. Constitutional Law of Bangladesh; Mahmudul Islam
5. hy×vciva Ges ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb : evsjv‡`k ‡cÖw¶Z-
AvBR¨vK iwebmb/Rv‡f` nvmvb gvngy`
6. hy×vciva‡`i wePvi Ges evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb : ‡K Gg ‡mvenvb
7. GKvËy‡ii NvZK‡`i ‡Kb wePvi PvB : Avgvb-D`-‡`Šjv
149
m~wPcÎ |

‡h Kvi‡Y cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡i e¨_© njvg

wgivRyi ingvb
gyw³hy× we‡k¦i BwZnv‡mi GKwU Ab¨Zg fqven hy× hv‡Z
cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi b…ksmZvi wkKvi n‡q knx`
n‡q‡Qb 30 j¶ bvix cyi“l Ges hv‡`i wmsnfvMB wQ‡jb
wbi¯¿ mvaviY gvbyl| Gi evB‡i nvRvi nvRvi bvix awl©Z
n‡q‡Qb, ‡hŠb`vmx wnmv‡e wbh©vwZZ n‡q‡Qb| GB wbh©vZb
‡_‡K ‡invB cvqwb GgbwK wkïivI| 1949 mv‡j M…nxZ
‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb KZ©…K GB ai‡Yi N…Y¨ Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖwZwUB
hy×vciv‡ai Aš—f©~³ (1)| 2002 mv‡ji RyjvB‡Z Avš—
R©vwZK hy×vciva Av`vjZ hy×vciv‡ai ‡h AvIZv wba©viY
K‡i Zvi gva¨‡gI GB Aciva¸‡jv hy×vciv‡ai Aš—f©~³|
Z‡e cvwK¯—vbx evwnbxi hy×vciv‡ai mgq Kvj 1971 nevi
Kvi‡Y Zv 1949 mv‡ji ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbk‡bi AvIZvq
Av‡jvPbv KivB ‡ewk hyw³msMZ n‡e|

evsjv‡`k c…w_exi GKgvÎ ‡`k bq ‡hLv‡b hy×vciv‡ai wePvi

nqwb Z‡e m¤¢eZ: GKgvÎ ‡`k ‡h hy×vciv‡ai Awf‡hvM
h‡_ó cÖgvY _vKv m‡Z¡I ivóÖxqfv‡e cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i‡Q| Avwg
GLv‡b cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax‡`i K_v ejwQ| GBme cvwK¯—vbx
hy×vcivax‡`i G ‡`kxq ‡`vmi ‡hme hy×vcivax Av‡Q Zviv
mg‡qi cvjve`‡j ivóÖ¶gZvq e‡m‡Q, GLb mgq my‡hvMgZ
Zv‡`i Kiv hy×vciva‡KI A¯^xKvi Ki‡Q| cieZ©x‡Z GBme
KyjvsMvi‡`i K_vI Avm‡e, G‡`i hy×vciv‡ai wePv‡i
Avgv‡`i e¨_©Zvi K_vI Avm‡e| Z‡e GB ‡cv‡ó Avwg g~jZ:
cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax hviv AvUK wQj, hy×vciv‡ai cÖgvY wQj,
wePvi cÖwKªqv ïi“ Kivi D‡`¨vM ‡bevi ciI ‡Kvb
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z, Kx Kvi‡Y GKwU be¨-¯^vaxb ‡`k Zvi Rb¥hy‡×i
mgq hviv gvbeZvi wei“‡× N…Y¨ Aciva msNUb Ki‡jv
Zv‡`i wei“‡× Avbv mKj PvR© "as an act of clemency"
ev "`qvkxjZv I ¶gvi gnZ¡" ‡`wL‡q cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡jv ‡mwU
Zy‡j Avbvi ‡Póv Ki‡ev| (2,9)

1971 mv‡ji 16B wW‡m¤^i cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi
fviZ-evsjv‡`‡ki ‡hŠ_ evwnbxi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi c‡i
cÖvq 90,500 Rb‡K hy×e›`x wnmv‡e AvUK nq| GB
hy×e›`x‡`i g‡a¨ wQj cÖvq 80,000 Dw`©avix m`m¨ hvi g‡a¨
wQj Avwg© (55,692), ‡bfx I Gqvi ‡dvm© (1,800),
c¨vivwgwjUvwi (16,354) ev cywjk m`m¨ (5,296)Ges
ev`evKx 10,500 wQj wmwfwjqvb (gyjZ: wenvix) hviv
cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ hy× K‡i‡Q| (3)
GB hy×e›`x‡`i m`¨-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb
Abyhvqx ch©vß wbivcËv I AwaKvi msi¶Y K‡i AvUK ivLvi
gZ AeKvVv‡gv bv _vKvq wm×vš— nq fviZ GB 90,500
hy×e›`x‡K AvUK ivL‡e Ges G‡`i ch©vß wbivcËvmn
fiY‡cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e| GB wm×vš— Abyhvqx
hy×e›`x‡`i fvi‡Zi wbKU n¯—vš—i Kiv nq| GB hy×e›`x‡`i

150
m~wPcÎ |
Rb¨ ZLbKvi wnmv‡e cÖwZgv‡m fvi‡Zi LiP wQj
1,000,000 gvwK©b Wjvi| (4)
GB hy×e›`x‡`i g‡a¨ ‡_‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖvq 1500 Rb‡K
wPwýZ Kiv n‡jI P~ovš—fv‡e me©‡gvU 195 Rb‡K
mywbw`©ófv‡e hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q Awfhy³ Kiv nq Ges G‡`i
hy×vciv‡ai Rb¨ wePv‡ii wm×vš— ‡bq ZrKvjxb evsjv‡`k
miKvi| (5) ev`evwK hy×e›`x‡`i cvwK¯—v‡b wdwi‡q ‡bqvi
Rb¨ fviZ, evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M Av‡jvPbv
ïi“ nq| evsjv‡`k ZLb ¯^vaxb ivóÖ n‡jI GB hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ Avš—R©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ I mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb
wQ‡jv|
cvwK¯—vb ZL‡bv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡iwb Ges
cvwK¯—v‡bi wgÎ ivóÖ Px‡bi cÖ`Ë ‡f‡Uvi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k
ZL‡bv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c`I jvf K‡i bvB| 1972 mv‡ji
AvMó gv‡m Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` ‡`qvi
e¨vcv‡i Avbv cÖ¯—v‡ei wec‡¶ ‡f‡Uv ‡`q| GwU wQj Px‡bi
RvwZms‡N cÖ`Ë cÖ_g ‡f‡Uv| (6)
GB Ae¯’vq 1973 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡m evsjv‡`k hLb
AvbyôvwbK fv‡e 1500 Rb hy×vcivax ‡_‡K 195 Rb‡K
mywbw`©ó hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii D‡`¨vM wbj Ges RyjvB
gv‡m msm‡` "International Crimes Act 1973" cvk
Ki‡jv ZLb cvwK¯—vb GB wePv‡ii ‰eaZv wb‡q cÖkœ Zyj‡jv|
(7) cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡Z GwU ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbk‡bi jsNb ‡Kbbv
evsjv‡`k ZL‡bv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ivóÖ bq| ‡R‡bfv
Kb‡fbk‡bi AvwU©‡Kj 5, 6 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki GB wePvi
cÖwKªqvi D‡`¨v‡Mi ‡Kvb mgm¨v wQ‡jvbv| evsjv‡`k cvwK¯—
v‡bi `vwe cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Avš—R©vwZK we‡klÁ‡`i GB wePvi
cÖwKªqvi ¯^”QZv Ges wbi‡c¶Zv ch©‡e¶Y Kivi Avgš¿Y
Rvbvq| cvwK¯—vb GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvwK¯—v‡b
AvU‡Kcov 400,000 evOvjx‡K ¯^‡`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi AbygwZ
w`‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| (7)
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ae¯’vb eyS‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i GKUy ‡cQb wd‡i
ZvKv‡Z n‡e| 1972 Gi 2 RyjvB fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x Ges
cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W‡›Ui g‡a¨ GKwU Pyw³ mv¶wiZ nq ‡hwU
"wmgjv Pyw³" bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx fviZ I
cvwK¯—vb wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ mKj cÖKvi hy×-weev` Gi
AvbyôvwbK mgvwß ‡NvlYv K‡i `yBc‡¶i Kv‡QB AvUKK…Z
hy×e›`x I AvU‡K cov bvMwiK‡`i wewbgq Kg©m~wP Pvjyi
e¨vcv‡i m¤§Z nq (8)| D‡j¬L¨ AvUKK…Z cvwK¯—vbx
hy×e›`x‡`i wmsnfvM gyw³hy‡×i mgq AvUK n‡jI wmgjv
Pyw³‡Z evsjv‡`k ‡Kv‡bv c¶ wQ‡jv bv| Gi cÖavb KviY
wQ‡jv cvwK¯—vb ZL‡bv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qwb Ges
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mv‡_ ‡Kvb cÖKvi Av‡jvPbvq ivwR wQ‡jv
bv| evsjv‡`k wmgjv Pyw³‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvq Ges hy×e›`x‡`i
wic¨vwUÖ‡qkb Pvjy Kivi e¨vcv‡i fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q m¤§wZ cÖ`vb
K‡i| (9)
Gici 1973 mv‡ji 17B GwcÖj fviZ Ges evsjv‡`k GK
‡hŠ_ ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g we`¨gvb wnDg¨vwbU¨vwiqvb KªvBwmm
‡gvKv‡ejvq GKwU w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡jv| ‡hŠ_
‡NvlYvq ejv n‡jv "they are resolved to continue their
efforts to reduce tension, promote friendly and har-
monious relationship in the sub-continent and work
together towards the establishment of a durable
peace". GB ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡gB 195 Rb wPwýZ hy×vcivax
Qvov ev`evwK mKj hy×e›`xi cvwK¯—v‡b wic¨vwUÖ‡qk‡bi c_
Db¥y³ n‡jv (9, 10)| GKB w`b ‡iwWI evsjv‡`‡ki GK
‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k 195 R‡bi wePv‡ii e¨vcv‡i
Zv‡`i Abo Ae¯’vb cybe¨©³ Ki‡jv| (11)
evsjv‡`k GB wePvi cÖwKªqv ïi“i Rb¨ 195 Rb hy×vcivax‡K
evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q AvbyôvwbKfv‡e n¯—vš—‡ii Rb¨ Aby‡iva
K‡i Ges fviZ ‡mB cÖ¯—v‡e m¤§wZ Ávcb K‡i| GB Ae¯’vq
cvwK¯—vb fviZ KZ©…K cvwK¯—vbx bvMwiK GB 195 Rb‡K
evsjv‡`k (hvi mve©‡fŠg Aw¯—Z¡‡K ZL‡bv cvwK¯—vb ¯^xKvi
K‡ibv) n¯—vš—‡ii cwiKíbvi cÖwZev` K‡i Ges AvU‡Kcov
evsjv‡`kx bvMwiK‡`i cYe›`x wnmv‡e e¨env‡ii ûgwK ‡`q|
(7)
GiciI evsjv‡`k wePvi cÖwKªqv Pvjvevi e¨vcv‡i Abo
Ae¯’v‡b _vK‡j 1973 mv‡ji 11B ‡g cvwK¯—vb GB 195
Rb hy×vcivax‡K (cvwK¯—v‡bi fvlvq hy×e›`x) fviZ KZ©…K
evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q n¯—vš—‡ii wec‡¶ Ges GB evsjv‡`k
miKvi KZ©…K cÖ¯—vweZ wePvi cÖwKªqv ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbk‡bi
jsNb D‡j¬L K‡i B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷‡m GKwU
gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| gvgjvi bw_ b¤^i 426| GB gvgjvi
AvwR©‡Z cvwK¯—vb miKvi ‡n‡M Aew¯’Z B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU©
Ae Rvw÷‡mi Kv‡Q GB n¯—vš—i cÖwKªqv eÜ Kivi wb‡`©k `vb
Ges evsjv‡`‡k cÖ¯—vweZ wePvi cÖwKªqv‡K A‰ea ‡NvlYvi `vwe
Rvbvq| (12)
GB AvwR©‡Z cvwK¯—vb GB 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi
KZ©…Z¡ `vwe K‡i Zv‡`i Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Z wbi‡c¶ I
‡hvM¨ wePvi‡Ki gva¨‡g GKwU UÖvBeyb¨vj MV‡bi cÖ¯—ve ‡`q
Ges evsjv‡`‡k MwVZ UÖvBe¨ybv‡ji AvBbMZ wfwË evwZ‡ji
`vwe Rvbvq| gvgjvi g~j bw_ ‡_‡K "Pakistan does not
accept that India has a right to transfer its prisoner
of wars for trial to Bangladesh and claims that by
virtue of Article VI of genocide convention, persons
charged with genocide shall be tried by a
Competent Tribunal of the state in the territory of
which the act was committed. This means that
Pakistan has exclusive jurisdiction to the custody of
persons accused of the crimes of genocide, since
at the time acts are alleged to have been commit-
ted, the territory of East Pakistan was universally
recognised as part of Pakistan.
....That a competent tribunal means a Tribunal of
impartial judges, applying international law, and
permitting the accused to be defended by counsel
of their choice. ..... in the atmosphere of hatred that
prevails in Bangladesh, such a competent tribunal
cannot be created in practice....." (11)
cvwK¯—vb GB AvwR©‡Z my‡KŠk‡j ‡hwU Gwo‡q hvq ‡mwU n‡jv
26‡k gvP© evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Ges 17B GwcÖj
evsjv‡`‡ki miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK kc_ MÖnY| Gi d‡j
hy×vciva msNUb nevi ¯’j c~e©-cvwK¯—vb cvwK¯—v‡bi Aš—f©~³
Ges ‡mB myev‡` mKj hy×e›`xi KZ©…Z¡, cvwK¯—v‡bi GB
`vwei AvBbMZ wfwË wQj `ye©j| Ab¨Zg cÖavb hyw³ wQj
RvwZms‡Ni ZZw`‡b evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb ivóÖ wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ
cÖ`vb bv Kiv|
B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷m gvgjvwU ïbvwbi Rb¨ MÖnY
K‡i Ges fviZ-cvwK¯—vb Dfq c¶‡K Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq
WKy‡g›U cÖ`vb Kivi wb‡`©k `vb K‡i| GB gvgjvwU
evsjv‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“ Kievi ‡¶‡Î wKQyUv
n‡jI AwbðqZv m…wó K‡i| (12)
cvwK¯—vb GB gvgjv Ki‡jI fvi‡Zi mv‡_ hy×e›`x
cÖZ¨c©‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbv Pvwj‡q ‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges wecix‡Z
151
m~wPcÎ |
evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii Rb¨ UÖvBey¨bvj
MV‡bi cÖwKªqv ïi“ K‡i| Gi cÖv_wgK avc wnmv‡e msm‡`
M…nxZ International Crimes Act 1973 evsjv‡`k
miKvi‡K evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK QvovI ‡h ‡Kvb ‡`‡ki
bvMwiK‡K hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i|
International Crimes Act Gi g~j Kwc ‡_‡K
"It gives Bangladesh the power to try and punish
any person irrespective of his nationality, who,
being a member of any armed, defence or auxiliary
forces commits or has committed, in the territory of
Bangladesh, whether before or after the com-
mencement of this Act, any of the following
crimes… namely crimes against humanity, crimes
against peace, genocide, war crimes, violations of
humanitarian rules applicable in armed conflicts laid
down in the Geneva Convention of 1949 and any
other crimes under international law." (13)
Gi gv‡S B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷m 1973 mv‡ji
13B RyjvB GKwU msw¶ß ‡mk‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi `v‡qi Kiv
gvgjvwU Av‡`Š B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷‡mi AvIZvi
g‡a¨ c‡o wKbv Zv wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vb‡K 1 A‡±vei
1973 Ges fviZ‡K Zvi Reve ‡`evi Rb¨ 15B wW‡m¤^i
1973 ch©š— mgq ‡eu‡a ‡`q| (14)
cvwK¯—vb gvgjvwU g~jZ fviZ‡K Pv‡c ‡djvi Rb¨ Ki‡jI
gvgjvwU Pvjv‡Z Drmvnx wQ‡jv bv| Gi PvB‡Z Zviv wØc¶xq
Av‡jvPbvi w`‡K ‡ewk ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb K‡i| hw`I cÖK…Zc‡¶
Av‡jvPbv nw”Qj wÎgyLx| fviZ Avi cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_
Av‡jvPbvi cvkvcvwk ‡mB Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i Av‡jvPbv
nw”Qj fviZ Avi evsjv‡`‡ki g‡a¨|
Ae‡k‡l fviZ I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ 19 w`be¨vcx Av‡jvPbvi
ci evsjv‡`‡ki m¤§wZ‡Z 28‡k AvM÷ 1973 w`wj¬‡Z
GKwU Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx fviZ evsjv‡`k
I cvwK¯—vb GB wZb ‡`‡ki g‡a¨ hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©Y I
AvU‡Kcov bvMwiK‡`i wewbgq Awej‡¤^ ïi“ Kivi wm×vš—
nq| GB ‡¶‡ÎI evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivax e¨ZxZ
ev`evwK cvwK¯—vbx hy×e›`x‡`i cÖZ¨c©‡Y m¤§Z nq Ges 195
Rb‡K hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii m¤§yLxb Ki‡Z Abo _v‡K|
(15)
GB Pyw³ ‡gvZv‡eK mKj hy×e›`xi cÖZ¨c©Y m¤úbœ nevi ci
evsjv‡`k Ges cvwK¯—vb cÖ_gev‡ii gZ mivmwi Av‡jvPbvi
gva¨‡g 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi fvM¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z m¤§Z nq|
GB welqwU wb¯úwËi AvM ch©š— GB hy×vcivaxiv fvi‡Zi
ZË¡veav‡b _vK‡e| 13B ‡m‡Þ¤^i 1973 ‡_‡K w`wj¬ Pyw³
Abhvqx hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©Y Ges AvU‡Kcov bvMwiK wewbgq
ïi“ nq| (9)
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
evsjv‡`k‡K cÖ_gev‡ii gZ GKwU eo gv‡ci Avš—R©vwZK
ms¯’vq wi‡cÖ‡R›U Kivi my‡hvM cvb Avj‡Rwiqvi ivRavbx
AvjwRqv‡m© AbywôZ b¨vg (bb G¨vjv‡qÝ gyf‡g›U) m‡¤§j‡b|
cvwK¯—vb GB gvgjv Ki‡jI fvi‡Zi mv‡_
hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbv Pvwj‡q
‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges wecix‡Z evsjv‡`k 195
Rb hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii Rb¨ UÖvBey¨bvj
MV‡bi cÖwKªqv ïi“ K‡i
1973 mv‡ji 5-9 ‡m‡Þ¤^i AbywôZ GB m‡¤§j‡b we‡k¦i
Ab¨vb¨ ivóÖcÖavb we‡kl K‡i gymwjg ‡`k¸wji mv‡_
evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU ‡hvMv‡hvM ¯’vwcZ nq| HwZn¨MZfv‡e
cÖvq mKj gymwjg ‡`kB b¨vg Gi m`m¨ivóÖ ZvB RvwZms‡Ni
m`m¨ bv nevi ciI evsjv‡`k‡K b¨vg Gi m`m¨c` cÖ`vb
Kiv nq| (16)
GB m‡¤§j‡b Avie ‡bZ…e…‡›`i mv‡_ ‡kL gywR‡ei djcÖm~
Av‡jvPbv nq Ges Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` evsjv‡`k‡K we`¨gvb
A_©‰bwZK msKU I ‡`k cybM©V‡b me©‡Zvfv‡e mnvqZvi
Avk¦vm ‡`q| GiB m~Î a‡i Ky‡qZ miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki
A_©bxwZ‡K Pv½v Kivi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ‡K›`Öxq e¨vs‡K
GKwU wbw`©ó cwigv‡Y ¯^Y© gRy` iv‡L| GB Av‡jvPbv I
mn‡hvwMZvi ‡ik a‡iB 73 cieZ©x NUbvcÖev‡n Avie jxM
‡bZ…ey‡›`i mwKªq AskMÖnY j¶¨ Kiv hvq| (17)
wgk‡ii ZrKvjxb ‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi ‡bZ…‡Z¡
‡mŠw` Avi‡ei ivRv dqmvj, Avj‡Rwiqvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U
ey‡gwW‡q‡bi mn‡hvwMZvq cvwK¯—vb I
evsjv‡`‡ki ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb mgm¨v mgvav‡b
GKwU D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv nq| evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi
g‡a¨ mgm¨vi gy‡j wQj 195 Rb hy×vcivax hv‡`i wePv‡i
evsjv‡`k `…pcÖwZÁ wQ‡jv Ges GRb¨ ZL‡bv cvwK¯—vb
evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i bvB| Avi cvwK¯—v‡bi wgÎ
wnmv‡e Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ wnmv‡e ‡hvM`v‡b
‡f‡Uv cÖ`vb Ki‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Pxb cybivq Rvwb‡q ‡`q
""After resolution of the war trials issue, Peking will
recognise Dacca, and the way will be open for
Bangladesh to be admitted to the United Nations"
(18)|
Gi gv‡S Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Z 195 Rb hy×vcivax n¯—vš—i
wel‡q fvi‡Zi wec‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi gvgjvi mKj KvMRcÎ
Rgv ‡`evi ZvwiL 15B wW‡m¤^i 1973 ‡_‡K 17B ‡g 1974
ch©š— ewa©Z Kiv n‡jI hy×vcivax mgm¨v wbim‡b Avie jxM
‡bZ…e…‡›`i ‡bIqv D‡`¨v‡Mi d‡j cvwK¯—vb Avš—R©vwZK
Av`vjZ ‡_‡K gvgjvwU cÖZ¨vnv‡ii wm×vš— ‡bq| 1973
mv‡ji 14B wW‡m¤^i Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Zi ‡iwR÷ªv‡ii
Kv‡Q GKwU wPwV‡Z cvwK¯—vb gvgjvwU Avi bv Pvjvevi wm×vš—
Rvbvq Ges gvgjvwU Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Zi wePvivaxb
gvgjvi ZvwjKv ‡_‡K ev` ‡`evi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Rvbvq| GB
Av‡e`‡bi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvwóm 15 B
wW‡m¤^i 1973 GK Av‡`‡ki gva¨‡g, Av‡`k bs - 393,
GB gvgjvwU evwZj ‡NvlYv K‡i Ges ZvwjKv ‡_‡K ev`
‡`Iqvi wm×vš— ‡bq| (14)
Avš—R©vwZK Av`vjZ ‡_‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi gvgjvwU cÖZ¨vnv‡ii
wm×vš— Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i GKwU eo K~U‰bwZK mvdj¨
e‡j we‡ewPZ nq Ges Gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi
ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb mgm¨v fvi‡Zi ga¨¯’Zv e¨ZxZ mivmwi
evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mgvav‡bi
D‡`¨vM ‡bqv nq| Gevi Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` cvwK¯—v‡bi Dci
Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡ib evsjv‡`k‡K AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ `vb Kivi
Rb¨| Gi Rev‡e RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Æv Rvbvb ‡h evsjv‡`k
195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wei“‡× AvbxZ Awf‡hvM cÖZ¨vnvi
Ki‡jB ‡KejgvÎ cvwK¯—vb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‡`‡e|
GB K~U‰bwZK D‡`¨vM Av‡iv MwZ jvf K‡i 1974 mv‡ji
22-24‡k ‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—v‡bi jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm
kxl© m‡¤§jb‡K ‡K›`Ö K‡i| evsjv‡`k ZL‡bv IAvBwmi
m`m¨ bq| cÖvq mKj m`m¨ iv‡óÖi m¤§wZ _vKv m‡Z¡I
152
m~wPcÎ |
(Bivb, Zyi¯‹ I cvwK¯—vb e¨ZxZ), cvwK¯—v‡bi AvcwËi
Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki IAvBwmi m`m¨c` AwbðqZvi g‡a¨
c‡o| Gi g‡a¨ wgk‡ii ‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`vZ, ‡mŠw`
ivRv dqmvj Ges RW©v‡bi ivRv û‡mB‡bi D‡`¨v‡M mvZwU
gymwjg ‡`‡ki cÖwZwbwa XvKv mdi K‡ib 195 Rb hy×vci-
vaxi wePv‡ii D‡`¨vM ‡_‡K m‡i Avmvi Rb¨ ‡kL gywReyi
ingvb‡K ivwR Kiv‡Z| wKš‘ ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
cÖv_wgKfv‡e ‡Kvb kZ©mv‡c‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ MÖn‡Y
A¯^xKvi K‡ib Ges GB wel‡q Av‡iv Av‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j
AwfgZ ‡`b| Gici GB cÖwZwbwa`j ‰eVK K‡ib cvwK¯—
v‡bi cÖavbgš¿x RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi mv‡_| Zviv ‡mLv‡b
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Ae¯’vb Rvbvb Ges hy×vcivax mgm¨v
mgvav‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b AskMÖn‡Yi
¸i“Z¡ Zy‡j a‡ib| (19, 21)
Gi g‡a¨ Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm kxl©
m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki Dci Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i
wKš‘ cvwK¯—vb ¯^xK…wZ bv w`‡j IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM bv
‡`evi bxwZMZ wm×vš— evsjv‡`k cybivq Rvwb‡q ‡`q| (20)
GB Ae¯’vq Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i mv‡_ ‡kl gyû‡Z©i
Av‡jvPbvq A‡bKUv bvUKxqfv‡e 1974 mv‡ji 22‡k
‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—vb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg ivóÖ
wnmv‡e AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| GKB w`b Bivb
Ges Zyi¯‹I evsjv‡`k‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i|
(21) Z‡e cvwK¯—vb ¯^xK…wZ w`‡jI hy×vcivax mgm¨v mgvavb
bv nIqv ch©š— Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ `v‡b A¯^xK…wZ
Rvbvq| Gi gva¨‡g cvwK¯—vb Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i
K~U‰bwZK cÖ‡Póvq ‡KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ
w`‡qI Px‡bi gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi cÖwKªqv ‡_‡K m‡i
bv Avmv ch©š— RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` jvf Kivi e¨vcviwU
AvU‡K iv‡L|
22 ‡k ‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ jvf Kivi ci
evsjv‡`‡ki GKB w`b ‡_‡K jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm kxl©
m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`qv‡Z Avi ‡Kvb evav _v‡K bv| GB Ae¯’vq
22‡k ‡dÖeÖyqvix mKv‡j Ky‡q‡Zi Avgx‡ii fvB Ky‡q‡Zi
ciivóÖgš¿xi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg ‡`k¸‡jvi GKwU cÖwZwbwa`j
GKwU we‡kl wegv‡b K‡i XvKv Av‡mb Ges e½eÜy ‡kL
gywReyi ingvb‡K GmKU© K‡i jv‡nv‡i wb‡q hvb IAvBwm
kxl© m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨| 1971 Gi gyw³hy‡×i
mgqKv‡j cvwK¯—v‡b ivóÖe›`x wnmv‡e AvUK ‡kL gywReyi
ingvb Gevi ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x wnmv‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi
gvwU‡Z cv iv‡Lb| (20)
jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡bvqvi
mv`vZ, ‡mŠw` Avi‡ei ivRv dqmvj Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi
cÖavbgš¿x RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi mv‡_ AvbyôvwbK ‰eVK
AbywôZ nq| Gi gv‡S cvwK¯—vb jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b 195 Rb
hy×vcivaxi gyw³i Rb¨ AvbyôvwbKfv‡e GKwU cÖ¯—ve ‡ck
K‡i Ges Gi mc‡¶ K~U‰bwZK ZrciZv ïi“ K‡i| (19, 22)
jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi K~U‰bwZK cÖ‡Póvi d‡j Avie
jxM ‡bZ…e…›` 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi gyw³i e¨vcv‡i
bxwZMZfv‡e m¤§Z nq Ges G e¨vcv‡i ‡kL gywReyi
ingv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv ïi“ K‡i| Gi ‡ik a‡i wgk‡ii
‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
BwZnv‡mi N…Y¨Zg hy×vciva msNUb
Kivi ciI, Zv‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBb _vKv m‡Z¡I Ges
mKj cÖgvYvw` _vKvi ciI gyw³ ‡c‡q
‡Mj 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax
Ges RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi g‡a¨ GKwU ‰eVK AbywôZ nq|
‰eV‡K ‡kL gywRe 195 Rb hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨vcv‡i
Zvi Abo Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K m‡i Avmvi cÖwZkÖywZ cÖ`vb K‡ib
Ges ‡`‡k wd‡i G e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c ‡bevi K_v
Rvbvb| Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi GB D‡`¨vM Gi mvdj¨ wb‡q
1974 mv‡ji 11B ‡g GKwU wbeÜ cÖKvk K‡i hvi UvB‡Uj
wQ‡jv "The Return of the Magician"| UvBg ‡_‡K D×…wZ
"In the most dramatic event of the summit, howev-
er, Sadat was able to reconcile Pakistan's Premier
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Bangladesh Premier Sheik
Mujibur Rahman, who have been enemies since
Bangladesh split off from Pakistan two years ago.
Bhutto solemnly recognized the independence of
Pakistan's former east wing, while Sheik Mujib hint-
ed that he will no longer press wartime atrocity
charges against 195 Pakistani officers
held prisoner in India. Mujib promised
also to do "my bit" to reconcile Pakistan and
India, a task that would tax even Henry Kissinger."
(23)
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖwZkÖywZ‡K ev¯—‡e iƒc ‡`evi Rb¨
jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡bi ciciB GKwU msw¶ß md‡i evsjv‡`‡k
Av‡mb Av‡bvqvi mv`vZ Ges Avj‡Rwiqvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U nDwi
ey‡gw`b (Houri Boummedine)| K‡qK N›Uvi GB md‡i
Zviv ‡kL gywRei ingv‡bi KvQ ‡_‡K 195 Rb hy×vci-
vax‡`i wei“‡× PvR© cÖZ¨vnv‡ii e¨vcv‡i cybivq cÖwZkÖywZ jvf
K‡ib| Gi wewbg‡q Zviv evsjv‡`k‡K A_©‰bwZK mvnvh¨
‡`evi cÖwZkÖywZ ‡`b| evsjv‡`‡k ZLb Pig A_©‰bwZK g›`v
I `ywf©¶ve¯’v Pj‡Q| Gi GKwU eo KviY wQ‡jv 1973
mv‡ji 31 ‡k wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K hy×weaŸ¯— evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨
RvwZms‡Ni Pjgvb United Nations Relief Organization
in Bangladesh (UNROB) Kvh©Kªg eÜ n‡q hvIqv| (19,
24)
Avie jxM I gymwjg ‡bZ…e…›`‡K cÖwZkÖywZ w`‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki
c‡¶ ZLb wgÎ ‡`k ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb Ges fvi‡Zi m¤§wZ
e¨ZxZ GZ eo GKwU cÖavb wm×vš— ‡bqv KwVb wQj| GB
Ae¯’vq ‡kL gywRe wPwKrmvi D‡Ï‡k¨ g‡¯‹v hvb 1974 Gi
gvP© gv‡m| ‡mLv‡b `yB mßvn Ae¯’vb K‡i wPwKrmvKvjxb
mg‡q hy×vcivax‡`i e¨vcv‡i ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi wMÖb
wmMb¨vj cvevi ci wZwb m¤§wZ cvevi ci wZwb ‡`‡k
‡d‡ib| g‡¯‹v ‡_‡K wd‡i GKwU msw¶ß md‡i wZwb w`wj¬
hvb (2) GB e¨vcv‡i ZrKvjxb fviZxq cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv
MvÜxi civg‡k©i Rb¨| fviZ I ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi
AbvcwËi ci, ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b Ges
Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i Kv‡Q Kiv cÖwZkÖywZ c~i‡Y Avi ‡Kvb
evav _v‡K bv| e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ïay ‡hB KvRwU
K‡ibwb ‡mwU n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li gZvgZ ‡bqv Ges
GB e¨vcv‡i msm‡`I ‡Kvb wej DÌvwcZ nqwb|
GB cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z evsjv‡`k fviZ I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨
weivRgvb mgm¨v¸wj‡K mgav‡bi j‡¶¨ 1974 mv‡ji 5B
GwcÖj ‡_‡K bqvw`wj¬‡Z GB wZb ‡`‡ki ciivóÖgš¿x‡`i
‰eVK ïi“ nq| ‰eV‡K evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib
ciivóÖgš¿x W. Kvgvj ‡nv‡mb, fvi‡Zi c‡¶ kiY wms Ges
cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ AvwRR Avn‡g`| 5 w`b e¨vcx Avjvc
153
m~wPcÎ |
Av‡jvPbv Pjvi ci 1974 mv‡ji 9 GwcÖj HwZnvwmK
wÎc¶xq Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq ‡hwU "TRIPARTITE AGREE-
MENT" bv‡g ‡ewk cwiwPZ| GB Pyw³‡Z 195 Rb hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨vcviwU wb®úwËi cvkvcvwk GB wZb ‡`‡k
AvU‡K cov bvMwiK‡`i cÖZ¨c©‡Yi e¨vcv‡iI wm×vš— nq|
GB wÎc¶xq Pyw³ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi
wei“‡× Avbv mKj PvR© "as an act of clemency" ev
"`qvkxjZv I ¶gvi gnZ¡" ‡`wL‡q cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i ‡bq| g~j
Pyw³ ‡_‡K D×…wZ "In the light of the foregoing and, in
particular, having regard to the appeal of the Prime
Minister of Pakistan to the people of Bangladesh to
forgive and forget the mistakes of the past, the
Foreign Minister of Bangladesh stated that the
Government of Bangladesh has decided not to pro-
ceed with the trials as an act of clemency. It was
agreed that the 195 prisoners of war may be repa-
triated to Pakistan along with the other prisoners of
war now in process of repatriation under the Delhi
Agreement." (9)
Gi wecix‡Z cvwK¯—v‡bi ciivóÖgš¿x K…Z hy×vciv‡ai Rb¨
evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q `ytL cÖKvk K‡ib hvi gva¨‡g hy×vciv‡ai
e¨vcviwU‡K ¯^xKvi K‡i ‡bqv nq ‡hwU cvwK¯—vb miKvi
A¯^xKvi K‡i AvmwQ‡jv| Avev‡iv g~j Pyw³ ‡_‡K D×…wZ
"The Minister of State for Defense and Foreign
Affairs of the Government of Pakistan said that his
Government condemned and deeply regretted any
crimes that may have been committed"| ‰eV‡K
cvwK¯—v‡bi ciivóÖgš¿x Dcgnv‡`‡ki ‡`k¸wji ga¨Kvi
weivRgvb GKwU Kó`vqK Aa¨v‡qi mgvwßi gyj K…wZZ¡ cÖ`vb
K‡ib e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K| (In a magnanimous
gesture, Pakistan's Foreign Minister Ahmed gave
chief credit for bringing an end to a "painful chap-
ter" in South Asia's history to Bangladesh's Prime
Minister Sheik Mujibur Rahman.)| (2)
Gfv‡eB BwZnv‡mi N…Y¨Zg hy×vciva msNUb Kivi ciI,
Zv‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBb _vKv m‡Z¡I Ges mKj
cÖgvYvw` _vKvi ciI gyw³ ‡c‡q ‡Mj 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx
hy×vcivax| 1974 Gi 30‡k GwcÖ‡ji g‡a¨ mKj hy×vcivax
fviZ ‡_‡K cvwK¯—v‡b ‡diZ ‡Mj|
‡`‡ki Rb‡Mvôxi GKwU eo Ask we‡kl K‡i hviv gyw³hy‡×
wcÖqRb nvwi‡q‡Qb Ges mwKªqfv‡e gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY
K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q GB 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax‡`i
¶gvi welqwU e¨vcK nZvkv I ‡bwZevPK cÖwZwKªqvi m…wó
K‡i| we‡kl K‡i ZrKjxb evgcš’x msMVb¸wj GB wm×v‡š—
i ZxeÖ we‡ivwaZv K‡i| (25)
GB HwZnvwmK NUbvwU‡K DcRxe¨ K‡i UvBg g¨vMvwRb
1974 mv‡ji 22 ‡k GwcÖj "End of a Bad Dream" bv‡g
GKwU wi‡cvU© cÖKvk K‡i| ‡mLv‡b jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡bi c‡i
GB Pyw³wU‡K GKwU ¯^vfvweK cÖwZwKªqv wnmv‡e D‡j¬L Ki‡jI
evsjv‡`‡ki 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wei“‡× PvR© cÖZ¨vnvi‡K
GKwU eo Qvo wnmv‡e D‡j¬L Kiv nq| GKB wi‡cv‡U©
fvi‡Zi ciivóÖgš¿x kiY wms‡K D×…Z K‡i ‡jLv nq "The
trials, tribulations and conflicts of our subcontinent
will become a thing of the past—something of a
bad dream that is best forgotten."| (2)
wKš‘ Avm‡jB wK Avgiv GB bad dream ‡K fyj‡Z ‡c‡iwQ
bvwK ‡fvjv DwPZ? gyw³hy‡× knx` j¶ j¶ evsjv‡`kx,
awl©Z I wbh©vwZZ nvRvi nvRvi gv ‡evb, ‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i
¶gv K‡iv| Avgiv mn‡RB A‡bK wKQyB fy‡j hvB|
‡Zvgv‡`i Dci Kiv cvkweK exfrmZvi wePvi Avgiv Ki‡Z
cvwiwb| ‡Zvgv‡`i GB A_e© mš—vb‡`i ¶gv K‡iv|
Z_¨m~Î
1. http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/91.htm
2. End of a Bad Dream, Time, Monday April 22, 1974
3. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971
4. Time, Monday September 17, 1973
5. Bangladesh in 1972: Nation Building in a New State
Rounaq Jahan, Asian Survey, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Feb.,
1973), pp. 199-210
6. China, the Soviet Union, and the Subcontinental Balance
Sheldon W. Simon, Asian Survey, Vol. 13, No. 7
(Jul., 1973), pp. 647-658
7. The weakness in the International Protection of
Minority Rights, Javaid Rahman, Kluwer Law
International, Page 96-97
8. wmgjv Pyw³, GLv‡b †`Lyb Ges Av‡iv GKwU wjsK
9. Tripartite Agreement between India, Bangladesh
and Pakistan for normalisation of
relations in the subcontinent. New
Delhi, April 9, 1974.
10. AHMED, Ziauddin. The case of Bangladesh :
bringing to. trial the perpetrators of the 1971. geno-
cide. Page 103
11. International court of Justice, Proceedings of
Trial of Pakistani Prisoners of War (India vs
Pakistan)
12. International court of Justice, Trial of Pakistani
Prisoners of War, Oral Arguments - Minutes of the
Public Sittings held at the Peace Palace, The Hague,
from 4 to 26 June 1973
13. Act No.XIX of 1973 (published in the
Bangladesh Gazette, Extra, on July 20, 1973): An
Act to provide for the detention, prosecution
and punishment of persons for genocide, crimes
against humanity, war crimes and other crimes
under international law.
14. International court of Justice, Trial of Pakistani
Prisoners of War, Official Order of 15 December
1973, bw_ bs 393
15. Time, Monday September 17, 1973
16. The Non-aligned World, University of California,
Page 396
17. Bengal and Bangladesh: Politics and Culture on
the Golden Delta By Elliot Tepper, Glen Alexander
Hayes, Page 101
18. The Observer, London, 24 February 1974
19. Asian Tribune, 9 August 2007
20. Bangladesh and the OIC, Syed Muazzem Ali,
The Daily Star supplement, February 19, 2006
21. South Asia in World Politics By Devin T.
Hagerty, page 73
22. The Economist, London, 2 March 1974
23. The Return of the Magician, Time, Monday,
Mar. 11, 1974
24. Bangladesh in 1974: Economic Crisis and Political
Polarization, Talukder Maniruzzaman
Asian Survey, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Feb., 1975), pp. 117-128
25. The. Case of Bangladesh: Bringing to Trial the
Perpetrators of the 1971 Genocide, Page no. 105-106
154
m~wPcÎ |
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Awg ingvb wcqvj
gyw³hy‡×i 35 eQi ci AvR ‡di ivRvKvi I Zv‡`i my‡hvM¨
DËim~ix‡`i cÖZv‡c Kvuc‡Q evsjv| GZUvB ‡h N‡ii GK
‡Kv‡Y NvcwU ‡g‡i _vKv PvivUv wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i eo n‡q
AvR Wvjcvjv Qwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| ‡mB Wv‡ji AvNv‡Z evwoi
`iRv-Rvbvjv P~Y©, ‡kKo Xy‡K c‡o‡Q wf‡Uq- dvUj AvR
‡`qv‡j| evOvjxi gyL ‡_‡KB Zviv ewj‡q wb‡Z Pvq GKvˇi
Zv‡`i fyj nqwb|
fyjUv Kvi? e½eÜy ‡kL gywRei ingv‡bi| wd‡`j Kv‡¯¿v‡K
Awff~Z K‡i‡Qb| wKDevi wec¬ex ‡bZv AvjwRqv‡m© Zv‡K
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‡MvUv ‡`k!' GKvˇi wVK ZvB n‡q‡Q| 16 wW‡m¤^‡ii
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Rvbyqvwi 1972 ‡K| ‡mw`bB cvwK¯—v‡bi KvivMvi ‡_‡K
e½eÜyi ¯^‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©b| ‡h ¯^cœ ‡`wL‡qwQ‡jb| ZviB ev¯—
evq‡bi cÖZ¨q ‡kvbv ‡Mj Zvi gy‡L|
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Av‡QB| evsjv‡`k Zv‡`i Kv‡Q ¯^xK…Z bq| ‡Kb
ivRvKvi‡`i ¶gv Kiv n‡qwQj Rvb‡Z PvB‡j A‡bK ai‡bi
wee…wZ cvIqv ‡M‡Q ZLbKvi ‡bZv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K| ‡KD
e½eÜyi gnvbyfeZv‡K Zy‡j a‡i‡Qb| wZwb Avi nZ¨v Pvbwb|
‡f‡e‡Qb, Giv ‡`‡kiB mš—vb- ¶gv ‡c‡j wVK ïa‡i hv‡e|
KyU‰bwZK we‡k¬l‡Y ‡M‡Qb ‡KDev| ZLbI cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b
e›`x Avgv‡`i jv‡Lv evOvjx| ‡mbv Awdmvi ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i
mvaviY gvbyl I Zv‡`i cwiRb| G‡`i wdwi‡q Avb‡Z GB
c`‡¶c| cvëv hyw³ wQj 96 nvRvi e›`x cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©i
m‡½ GB wewbgq ‡Kb n‡jv bv? GBLv‡b fvi‡Zi K~UbxwZi
Kv‡Q gv_v ‡bvqv‡Z n‡q‡Q e½eÜy‡K| KviY e›`x cvwK‡`i
Zviv wb‡R‡`i e›`x e‡jB ‡g‡b‡Q, `iKlvKwlUv‡K wb‡R‡`i
¯^v‡_© e¨envi K‡i‡Q| ‡mUvi wewbg‡q gywRe hv Ki‡Z
‡c‡i‡Qb Zv n‡jv gv‡P©i g‡a¨B evsjv‡`k ‡_‡K me©‡kl
fviZxq ‡mbvwUi cÖZ¨vnvi| ‡MvUv wek¦‡K AevK K‡iB|
GB K…wZZ¡ Ges kZ mxgve×Zv‡ZI Zvi fyjwU wQj ¶gvi
A‡hvM¨ fyj| hvi g~j¨ GLb cÖwZw`b Py‡Kv‡Z n‡”Q
Avgv‡`i| nvmvb AvwRRyj nK I Rvdi BKev‡ji g‡Zv
me©RbkÖ‡×q evOvjx‡K AvOyj Zy‡j ûgwK ‡`qv nq ‡K‡U
fvwm‡q ‡`Iqvi! mewKQyi gy‡jB IB ‡h mvaviY ¶gv|
16 wW‡m¤^i '71| ‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci ‡_‡KB ïi“ n‡q
hvq NvZK-`vjvj‡`i euvPv‡bvi ‡Ljv| ivRbxwZ e¨vcviUv KZ
RNb¨ n‡Z cv‡i Ges ‡kÖYx ¯^v_©, e¨w³MZ ‡gv¶ I ‡jvf
Kxfv‡e Av`k©Py¨Z K‡i gvbyl‡K- Gi cÖgvY w`‡qwQ‡jb
ZLbKvi cÖfvekvjx ‡ekwKQy AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZvB| gywRe‡K
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wØZxq ch©vq I e¨vcK hy‡× evOvjxi nvi ïi“ ZLb ‡_‡KB|
‡im‡Kv‡m© cvKevwnbx hLb AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Q, ‡`‡k ‡div
AvIqvgx ‡bZv‡`i m‡½ ZLb kxl© `vjvj‡`i ReŸi ‰eVK I
`iKlvKwl| cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡YB GKgvÎ mgvavb wQj ‡MÖßvi
I KvivMvi| QweUv A‡bKUv GiKg| GKRb wQbZvBKvix
A_ev Lybx cÖKv‡k¨ nZ¨vi ci RbM‡Yi nv‡Z aiv coj| ‡m
‡avjvB ‡Lj| cywjk Zv‡K D×vi Kij I _vbvq wb‡q ‡Mj|
‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡m Aviv‡g wkm w`‡Z w`‡Z ‡ewi‡q ‡Mj|
GKvˇiI ZvB N‡UwQj| `vjvjiv Zvr¶wYK AvkÖq wn‡m‡e
gvbj KvivMvi‡KB| AvIqvgx cÖkvm‡b cÖvq 11 nvRvi
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Rvwb‡qwQj Zv‡`i ‡MÖßvi I ‡R‡j cyi‡Z| Avi wePv‡i ïi“
nq Kvj‡¶cY|
1 Rvbyqvwi 1972 mv‡jB A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ ‰mq` bRi“j
Bmjvg Zvi gwš¿cwil` wb‡q GK ‰eV‡K MYnZ¨v Z`š—
Kwgkb MV‡bi wm×vš— ‡bb| nvB‡Kv‡U©i Kg©iZ wKsev
AemicÖvß ‡Kv‡bv wePvicwZ ev mgch©v‡qi ‡Kv‡bv g‡bvbxZ
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cÖKvk Ki‡eb e‡j ‡NvlYv ‡`Iqv nq|
10 Rvbyqvwi ‡`‡k wd‡i e½eÜy igbvq ‡Ku‡`‡K‡U ej‡jb,
'wek¦‡K gvbe BwZnv‡mi GB RNb¨Zg nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Z`š—
Aek¨B Ki‡Z n‡e| GKwU wbi‡c¶ Avš—R©vwZK `j GB
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155
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`vjvwj wb‡q‡Qb| ‡mB `vjvwjUv GKvˇii `vjvj‡`i
evuPv‡bvq ga¨¯’Zvi f~wgKv cvj‡bi| gywRe hLbB Zvi
ivR‰bwZK mnKg©x‡`i wb‡q G e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z
wM‡q‡Qb, ZLb Avš—R©vwZK ‡cÖ¶vc‡Ui ‡`vnvB w`‡q Zv‡K
bgbxq n‡Z DØy× Kiv n‡q‡Q| 18 wW‡m¤^i ‡÷wWqv‡g
Kv‡`i wmwÏKxi `y®‹…wZKvix gyw³‡hv×v nZ¨vi mivmwi
m¤cÖPvi, ‡`‡ki evB‡i _vKv ‡Mvjvg Avhg I Ab¨vb¨
¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivaxiv evsjv‡`‡ki ‡bwZevPK cÖPviYvq mdjfv‡e
e¨envi K‡i| Ges ‡mB hyw³ ‡`wL‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wbi¯¿
30 b‡f¤^i 1973 mv‡j KyL¨vZ
mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi Av‡M 31
A‡±vei ch©š— 37 nvRvi 471 Rb
Awfhy‡³i g‡a¨ wb®úwË n‡qwQj 2
nvRvi 848 R‡bi gvgjv
GKvˇi ivRvKv‡`i †Uªwbs
Kiv I cvBKvix `vjvj nZ¨vi g‡Zv wm×vš—¸‡jv wb‡Z
gywRe‡K cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv nq| GLv‡b eo GKUv f~wgKv wQj
L›`Kvi ‡gvkZvK Avn‡g‡`i| Avi A™¢yZ GK ‡KŠk‡j
bRi“j Bmjv‡gi m‡½ e½eÜyi GKUv `~iZ¡ m…wó Kiv nw”Qj|
hy×Kvjxb A¯’vqx ivóÖcÖavb bRi“j Bmjvg hLb e½eÜy ‡`‡k
‡divi Av‡MB Acivax‡`i kvw¯—i ‡NvlYv w`‡q Z`š— Kwgkb
MV‡bi me Av‡qvRb ‡m‡i ‡d‡j‡Qb, ZLb Zv‡Z bvbvb LyuZ
‡ei K‡i Zv cwieZ©b Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq|
gywR‡ei K_v I Kv‡R ‡h cwieZ©b Avm‡Q Zvi cÖ_g cÖgvY
‡g‡j '72 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS| 6 ‡g Av‡gwiKvb eÖWKvw÷s
K‡c©v‡ikb (Gwewm)‡Z GK wUwf mv¶vrKv‡i wZwb hy×vci-
vax‡`i cÖm‡½ e‡jb, 'Avwg Aek¨B Zv‡`i wePvi Kie, G
e¨vcv‡i ‡Kv‡bv weZ‡K©i AeKvk ‡bB|
‡hLv‡b Zviv wÎk jvL ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q
‡mLv‡b ‡Kv‡bv ‡`k Kx Zv‡`i ‡Q‡o w`‡Z cv‡i?'
GKB mv¶vrKv‡i GKB cÖm‡½ Avevi bgbxq Ges wfbœ myi
gywR‡ei, '`vjvj‡`i ‡Km¸‡jv GKwU Z`š— Kwgkb KZ…©K
we‡ewPZ n‡e| Avgiv Z`š— KiwQ Ges wb‡`©vl ‡jvK‡`i
‡Q‡o w`w”Q| Aek¨ hviv Aciva msNU‡bi Rb¨ `vqx
Zv‡`i‡K wbwðZfv‡eB `…óvš—g~jK kvw¯— ‡`Iqv n‡e|'
(AvRv`, 15 ‡g '72)
‡kL gywRe I Zvi mZx_©iv hLb e³…ZvevwR Pvjv‡”Qb ZLb
Ab¨w`‡K Pj‡Q `vjvj‡`i myi¶vi Av‡qvRb| Pviw`K ‡_‡K
ZLb mie AvIqvR DV‡Q msw¶ß Av`vjZ MVb K‡i `ª“Z
wePv‡ii| wKš‘ 24 Rvbyqvwi ‡mme `vwe‡K D‡c¶v K‡i Rvwi
n‡jv 'evsjv‡`k `vjvj (we‡kl UÖvBeybvj) Aa¨v‡`k 1972'|
Awfhy³ cÖgvY n‡j 2 eQi Kvivevm ‡_‡K m‡e©v”P g…Zy¨`Û
n‡jv kvw¯—| Avmvwg‡`i nvB‡Kv‡U© Avwcj Kivi my‡hvM
_vKj, hw`I ‡K‡o ‡bIqv n‡jv Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv Av`vj‡Z wePvi
PvIqvi AwaKvi|
A‡bK d¯‹v ‡Mu‡ov| me‡P‡q eo wQj 7g avivwU| ejv
n‡q‡Q _vbvi Iwm hw` ‡Kv‡bv Aciva‡K Aciva bv e‡jb
Z‡e Ab¨ Kv‡iv K_v wek¦vm Kiv n‡e bv, Ab¨ Kv‡iv
Awf‡hv‡Mi wfwˇZ wePvi Kiv n‡e bv GB UÖvBeybv‡j| Ab¨
‡Kv‡bv Av`vj‡ZI gvgjv Kiv hv‡e bv| gvgv evwoi Avãvi
hv‡K e‡j Avi Kx! `vjvj hviv Zv‡`i ‡Zv A‡Xj A_©Kwo|
Iwm wKb‡Z Avi KZ jv‡M? ‡mUv ¯^Rbnviv‡bv ‡kvKcxwoZ
me‡Lvqv‡bv `wi`Ö RbM‡Yi wQj bv ‡Zv|
28 gvP© bvMv` ‡gvU 73wU G ai‡bi UÖvBey¨bvj MwVZ nq|
mviv‡`‡ki mg¯— ‡Rjv wQj Gi AvIZvq| Ges Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv
Av`vj‡Zi G‡Z bvK Mjv‡bvi AwaKvi iBj bv we‡kl
Aa¨v‡`‡k| GwcÖj gv‡m ïi“ n‡jv wePvi| Avi ¯úóB ‡evSv
‡Mj `vjvj AvBb `vjvj ai‡Z bq, `vjvj‡`i evuPv‡ZB
cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| 30 b‡f¤^i 1973 mv‡j KyL¨vZ mvaviY
¶gv ‡NvlYvi Av‡M 31 A‡±vei ch©š— 37 nvRvi 471 Rb
Awfhy‡³i g‡a¨ wb®úwË n‡qwQj 2 nvRvi 848 R‡bi
gvgjv| G‡`i g‡a¨ `Ûv‡`k ‡c‡q‡Q 752 Rb, evwK 2
nvRvi 96 Rb‡K ‡`Iqv nq ‡eKmyi Lvjvm| g…Zy¨`‡Û `wÊZ
nq gvÎ GKRb ivRvKvi!
Z_¨m~Î : GKvˇii NvZK `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq
156
m~wPcÎ |
hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi I bvbvwea hyw³ : wkïi mv‡_ AvjvcPvwiZv
Avwid †RewZK
: AveŸy, AvR hw` GB wel‡q wKQy ej‡Z| GB ‡h mevB
ej‡Q ‡`‡k hy×vcivax ‡bB, Ges G‡`i e¨vcv‡i AvMÖnx ‡h
‡KD gvgjv Ki‡Z cvi‡e, GB wel‡q GKUy eywS‡q `vI|
:: G wel‡q K_v ej‡Z n‡j, ‡Zvgv‡K Av‡M wKQy cÖkœ Kwi|
Zywg ej‡Zv Avgv‡`i ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q K‡e? Avgv‡`i
¯^vaxbZv w`em ‡KvbwU?
: Avgiv 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© ¯^vaxb n‡qwQ| 26 gvP©B
Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv w`em|
:: ¸W, Zvn‡j ‡`L, Avgv‡`i ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q 26 gvP©,
1971 mv‡j| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i‡K Av‡iv 9 gvm hy× Ki‡Z
n‡q‡Q| Gi gv‡b n‡jv, GB 9 gvm hviv Avgv‡`i mv‡_ hy×
K‡i‡Q, Giv evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡_ hy× K‡i‡Q| Giv evsjv‡`‡ki
‡KD bq, Giv ewntkÎy| ZvB hviv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xKvi
Ki‡e, Zviv evsjv‡`‡ki ‡nvK, Avi c…w_exi ‡h‡Kvb ‡`‡kiB
‡nvK, Zv‡`i‡K ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e ‡h GB hy×Uv evsjv‡`‡ki
wei“‡× GKUv hy×|
myZivs hviv GUv‡K M…nhy× e‡j weåvš— Ki‡Z PvB‡Q, Zviv
B”QvK…Zfv‡e ‡Zvgv‡`i‡K kqZvwb Z_¨ w`‡q KbwdDRW
Ki‡Z Pv‡”Q|
: gvbjvg ‡h Avgiv cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ hy× K‡iwQ, Ges GwU
GKwU hy× wQj, M…nhy× bq| Zvn‡j hviv evOvwj n‡qI cvwK¯—
vbx‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡Z PvBwQj, Zv‡`i‡K ‡Kb hy×vcivax ejv
n‡e? Zviv ‡Zv cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© bv| B`vwbs ïbwQ ejv n‡”Q
‡h ivR‰bwZK wfbœg‡Zi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i‡K nqivwb Avi
e`bv‡gi wkKvi n‡Z n‡”Q|
:: GUv Av‡iKwU kqZvwb K_v| `uvovI, ‡Zvgv‡K eywS‡q
w`w”Q| hviv cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡Z PvBwQj, GUv
hy×vciva bv| wKš‘ Zviv ‡Zv _vK‡Z ‡P‡q Pyc K‡i e‡m
_v‡Kwb| Zviv wKš‘ hy×I K‡iwb mivmwi, Zv‡`i ‡mB mvnm
wQj bv| Zviv ‡h KvRwU K‡iwQj GwU fqven, GwU gg©vwš—K|
Zviv wbixn gvbyl‡K a‡i a‡i ‡g‡i ‡d‡jwQj, Zviv gvby‡li
Nievwo jyUcvU K‡iwQj, Zviv wewfbœ RvqMvq Av¯—vbv Mvov
gyw³hy×v‡`i Lei cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Kv‡Q ‡cuŠ‡Q w`‡qwQj| GUv
‡QvULv‡Uv hy×vciva bv, wbixn gvbyl‡K Lyb Kiv Lye e‡ov
Aciva| Zviv GB Aciv‡a Acivax|
: wVK Av‡Q, eySjvg GB K_vwUI| wKš‘ miKvi ‡Zv ej‡QB
‡h G‡`i wei“‡× gvgjv K‡i w`‡Z ‡h KvD‡K| GgbwK
IivI ‡Zv GB K_v ej‡Q|
:: hviv GUv ej‡Q, Zviv Lye ‡KŠk‡j Zv‡`i bó welqwU‡K
÷vewjk Ki‡Q| ‡Zvgv‡K GKUv D`vniY ‡`B| K‡qK eQi
Av‡M, gvÎ `yB wZb eQi Av‡M Rvnv½xi bMi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
‡Sv‡c iv‡njv bv‡gi GKwU ‡g‡q‡K al©Y K‡i wZbw`b ‡d‡j
‡i‡L nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj, GUv Rv‡bv?
: Rvwb|
:: A_P ‡`‡Lv, Zvi ¯^vgx wKš‘ GKw`bI _vbvq hvqwb wePvi
w`‡Z ev gvgjvi ‡LuvRLei wb‡Z| ‡m Av‡iKwU we‡q K‡i
‡d‡j‡Q| GUv n‡”Q Avgv‡`i mvaviY gvby‡li ¯^fve| Zvi
LyeB mnR mij, Zviv Zv‡`i wei“‡× Kiv me AwePv‡ii Rb¨
Avj¬vn'i Kv‡Q wePvi ‡`q, _vbv cywj‡k ‡h‡Z fq cvq KviY
Zviv GB me cu¨vP ey‡S bv| GLb iv‡njvi NUbvwU gvÎ wZb
eQi Av‡Mi, GLv‡b iv‡njvi ‡W_‡eW mv¶x Av‡Q, Zey GB
gvgjvwU Zvi cwievi Pvjv‡Z Av‡mwb| GLb ‡Zvgv‡K g‡b
ivL‡Z n‡e ‡h, 1971 mv‡ji ‡ewki fvM exfrm nZ¨vKvÛ,
jyUZivR G¸‡jv n‡q‡Q MÖv‡gi w`‡K| ZLb hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’v,
‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v G¸‡jv Av‡iv A‡bK A‡bK Lvivc wQj|
ZvB we‡k¦i mevi ‡PvL Gwo‡q ‡ewkifvM b…ksm nZ¨vhÁ
n‡q‡Q mvaviY Mixe gvby‡li Dci| ZvQvov, kn‡i ‡hme
RvqMvq n‡q‡Q, ‡mB gvby‡liv kn‡ii ‡mB RvqMvq GLb ‡bB
A‡b‡KB| Giv wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q, G‡`i c‡¶ mv¶x
‡RvMvo K‡i Avbv KwVb, GK K_vq Am¤¢e cÖvq| ZvB
miKvi Rv‡b ‡h GB gvgjv¸‡jv cÖwZwôZ Kiv hv‡e bv, ZLb
gvgjv¸‡jv ‡_‡K ‡eKmyi Lvjvm cv‡e ivRvKviiv, Zvici
Zviv eyK dywj‡q Pj‡e| Zv‡`i‡K Avi hy×vcivax ejv hv‡e
bv|
: Zvn‡j, Kx Avi Kiv? G‡`i kvw¯— n‡e wKfv‡e?
:: GLv‡bB ‡Zv cy‡iv kqZvwb| wePvi Ki‡Z n‡e miKvi‡K,
gvgjv Ki‡Z n‡e miKvi‡K, GUv Zviv ej‡Q bv| a‡iv GB
‡h ‡MÖ‡bW nvgjv n‡jv G‡Zv¸‡jv, GB ‡h wewfbœ ¯’vb ‡_‡K
Bqvev D×vi n‡”Q, GB gvgjv¸‡jv wK gvbyl K‡i‡Q, Zvn‡j
G‡`i ai‡Q ‡Kb?
: ai‡Q, KviY GUv Kiv miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡|
:: wVK, GUv miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡, Kvib miKvi Zvi RbM‡Yi
AwffveK| miKvi‡K ‡Zv ‡KD ‡MÖ‡bW gvi‡Z hvqwb, Bqvev
LvIqv‡ZI hvqwb, Zey miKvi gvgjv Ki‡Q, Acivax‡`i
kvw¯— w`‡”Q, KviY G¸‡jv Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡`‡ki bvMwi‡Ki
wei“‡×| GLv‡bB miKvi‡K dvskbvj f~wgKv wb‡Z nq|
1971 mv‡j ‡h RNb¨ MYnZ¨v, al©Y, jyUcvU n‡q‡Q G¸‡jv
n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i wei“‡×, ZvB Gi wePvi Kivi
Rb¨ mvaviY gvby‡li gvgjv Kivi `iKvi ‡bB, GB gvgjv
miKvi‡KB Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ miKvi GB w`‡K hv‡”Q bv,
Zviv GK ai‡bi weåvwš— m…wó Ki‡Z PvB‡Q|
: wKš‘ AveŸy, ZywgB ej‡Qv ‡h GLb mv¶x ‡RvMvo Kiv Kó
n‡e, KviY welqwU 37 eQ‡ii cy‡iv‡bv|
:: GUviI c_ Av‡Q| GLb Ki‡Z n‡e UÖvBeybvj| ‡¯úkvj
UÖvBeybvj Kivi bwRi c…w_exi cÖvq me mf¨ ‡`‡kB Av‡Q|
we‡kl cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ we‡kl wePvi| a‡iv, AvR‡K XvKvq
GKUv Lyb n‡q‡Q, GKRb Av‡iKRb‡K Lyb K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q|
ZLb Gi mv¶xmvey` wb‡q Acivax‡K kvw¯— ‡`qv n‡e, GB
Ly‡bi LeiwU cwÎKvq G‡m‡Q wKbv Zv e‡ov n‡q ‡`Lv ‡`‡e
157
m~wPcÎ |
bv| wKš‘ GB ‡`‡kB wKš‘ GKUv Ackb Av‡Q
‡hwUi bvg "PvÂj¨Ki Aciva msKªvš— we‡kl ‡mj
" Gi gv‡b miKvi ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q ‡h wKQy Aciva
gvby‡li g‡b we‡kl PvÂj¨ m…wó K‡i, G¸‡jvi
wePvi `ª“Z Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv mvaviY gvgjv
bq| 1971 mv‡ji hy×vciv‡ai wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î GB
welq¸‡jv we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e, hLb mvaviY
gvbyl cÖvY wb‡q cvjvw”Qj, ZLb Zv‡`i c‡¶ wbLyuZ
mv¶xmvey` Rgv ivLv m¤¢e wQj bv| ZvB cwiw¯’wZ
wePvi K‡i, Kvh©KviY wePvi K‡i wePvi Kiv hv‡e,
GUv ¯^vfvweK welq we‡kl cwiw¯’wZ‡Z| Zvici
GB gvgjv¸‡jvi A‡bK¸‡jvB mvgwiK AvB‡b Kiv
hv‡e| ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi c‡i me gyw³‡hv×v
evsjv‡`k ‡mbvevwnbxi Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e,
KviY hy‡×i mvgwiK ‡bZ…Z¡ w`w”Qj evsjv‡`k
‡mbvevwnbx| ZvB we‡kl mvgwiK AvB‡bI Zv‡`i
wePv‡ii welqwU we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e|
: wKš‘ AveŸy, A‡b‡K Ab¨ K_v ej‡Qb| Zviv
ej‡Qb ‡h ‡`‡k GLb A‡bK mgm¨v| `Öe¨g~j¨ û û
K‡i evo‡Q, bZyb Kg©ms¯’vb bvB ZvB ‡eKvi‡Z¡i
nvi ‡e‡o Pj‡Q, we`y¨r Ges M¨v‡m wech©q, MYZš¿
cybtcÖwZôv P¨v‡jÄ n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q, GB me
RwUjZvi gv‡S hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“ KivUv wK
Avgv‡`i cÖv‡qvwiwU nIqv DwPZ, bvwK eZ©gvb
mg‡qi Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v ‡gvKv‡ejv KivUvB
AMÖvwaKvi cvIqv DwPZ?
:: ‡kv‡bv, GKUv K_v g‡b ivL‡e ‡h `yR©‡bi Q‡ji
Afve ‡bB| Gme K_vevZ©v ‡mB Q‡jiB GKUv
Ask| Zywg ‡h mgm¨v¸‡jvi K_v ej‡j ‡m¸‡jvi
mgvavb Aek¨B `iKvi| Z‡e iv‡óÖ cÖv‡qvwiwU e‡j
‡Kvb welq‡K ‡ewk ¸i“Z¡ ‡`qv wVK bq| cÖ‡Z¨K
Ask cÖ‡Z¨‡K KvR Ki‡e| `Öe¨g~j¨, ‡eKvi
mgm¨v G¸‡jv wb‡q Av`vjZ KvR K‡i bv| Ggb
bq ‡h Avgv‡`i wePvi e¨e¯’v‡K hy×vcivax‡`i
wePvi Kv‡R jvwM‡q w`‡q ‡mB mgm¨v¸‡jv‡Z KvR
Kiv hv‡e bv| Av`vj‡Zi KvR b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôv
Kiv| `Öe¨g~j¨ ev ‡eKvi mgm¨v n‡”Q
A_©bxwZwe`‡`i KvR| A_©bxwZwe`iv Zv‡`i KvR
K‡i hv‡eb, wePvi wefvM Ges UÖvBeybvj Zv‡`i
KvR K‡i hv‡e| `Öe¨g~j¨ ‡e‡o ‡M‡j wK ‡`‡ki
‡KvU©KvPvwi eÜ K‡i ‡`qv nq bvwK? KL‡bvB nq
bv| KviY cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvRB Avjv`v| myZivs
Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨vi mgvavb Kivi bv‡g hy×vcivax‡`i
wePvi KivUv ‡cQ‡b P‡j ‡h‡Z cv‡i bv|
: eZ©gvb mg‡q GB wePvi `vex KivUv wK mr
D‡Ï‡k¨ n‡”Q? A‡b‡KB g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib ‡h Gi
‡cQ‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi BÜb Av‡Q| ‡h‡nZy
weGbwc -RvgvZ ‡RvU GKwU kw³kvjx ‡RvU
myZivs RvgvZ‡K `ye©j K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡j ‡fv‡Ui
ivRbxwZ‡Z GB AvIqvgx jxM myweavRbK ¯’v‡b
P‡j hv‡e| GB Kvi‡Y `vwe¸‡jv ‡Zvjv n‡”Q|
Avm‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡Kvb B”Qv ‡bB hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi Kivi|
:: GB m‡›`n KivUv A‡hŠw³K bq| cÖwZc‡¶i
`ye©jZv‡K wPwýZ K‡i ‡mUv ‡_‡K dvq`v DVv‡bv
ivR‰bwZK PP©vi Ask| Gi GKUv fv‡jv Reve
n‡Z cv‡i Awej‡¤^ me hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“
Kiv| ‡mUv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi byi“j Bmjvg Avi
weGbwci mvjvDÏxb Kv‡`i ‡PŠayix Avi Rvgv‡Zi
wbRvgx gyRvwn`, mevB‡KB GK UÖvBey¨bv‡j Avbv
‡nvK| G‡Z K‡i GUv ‡_‡K ‡KD ivR‰bwZK
dvq`v Zyj‡Z cvi‡e bv| Z‡e hy×vcivax‡`i
‡ewkifvMB ‡h‡nZy Rvgv‡Zi mv‡_ RwoZ, ZvB GB
`‡ji Rb¨ GUv ‡ewk mgm¨v n‡q `uvov‡e, wKš‘ Gi
Rb¨ ‡Zv wePvi ‡_‡g _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi ev weGbwci c‡¶ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi KvR
ïi“ Kivi B”Qv bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| ‡mLv‡b
ivR‰bwZK wnmvewbKvk Av‡Q| eZ©gvb miKv‡ii
wKš‘ ‡Zgb ‡Kvb ivR‰bwZK D”Pvwfjvl ‡bB e‡j
`vex Ki‡Qb miKv‡ii mevB| | Zvn‡j eZ©gvb
miKv‡ii c‡¶B GB wePvi cÖwKªqv ïi“ KivUv
mnR|
23 gvP© 2008
wmgjv Pyw³‡Z hy×vciva
†_‡K gyw³i K_v †bB
kIKZ †nv‡mb gvmyg
Avje`i ‡bZv Avjx Avnmvb gyRvwn` `vwe K‡i‡Q ‡h ‡`‡k ‡Kv‡bv
hy×vcivax bvB| Zvi g‡Z, wmgjv Pyw³i gva¨‡g me hy×vcivax‡`i
gyw³ ‡`Iqv n‡qwQj Ges G Kvi‡YB ‡`‡k Avi ‡Kv‡bv hy×vcivax
‡bB|
wmgjv Pyw³‡Z mB nq 1972 mv‡ji 2 RyjvB| mB K‡iwQ‡jb
cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Ges fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x
Bw›`iv MvÜx|
Pyw³i m¤ú~Y© weeiY GLb I‡qemvB‡UB cvIqv hvq| ‡h ‡KD ‡`L‡Z
cv‡ib| ‡mLv‡b hy×vcivax‡`i wb‡q GKwU jvBbI ‡bB| ‡Kv_vI
ejv ‡bB ‡h hy×vcivax‡`i ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv n‡e ev wePvi n‡e bv|
‡m mgq fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q ew›` wQj 93 nvRvi hy×vcivax| Gi g‡a¨
80 nvRvi mvgwiK Ges evwKiv ‡emvgwiK e¨w³| mevB‡K cvwK¯—vb
wbR ‡`‡k wb‡q hvq| ‡Kv‡bv Pyw³i AvIZvq bv eis fviZ Zv‡`i
‡Q‡o w`‡qwQj ‡mŠnv‡`©¨i wb`k©b wnmv‡e| fviZ ‡h cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½
fvj m¤úK© Pvq ZviB wb`k©b wnmv‡e fviZ GB ‡mŠnv`¨© ‡`Lvq|
ivI digvb Avjxi eB‡qI ejv Av‡Q ‡h Zviv ew›` wnmv‡e
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24 wW‡m¤^i 2007
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`vjvj I ivRvKvi‡`i wei“‡×|
ACT NO XIX OF 1973*
An Act to provide for the detention, prosecution and
punishment of persons for genocide, crimes against
humanity, war crimes and other crimes under inter-
national law
(Published in the Bangladesh Gazette, Extra., on
July 20, 1973)
Whereas It is expedient to provide for the detention,
prosecution and punishment of persons for geno-
cide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and
other crimes under international law and for matters
connected therewith;
It is hereby enacted as follows :- 1. Short title,
extent and commencement.
(1) This Act may be called the International Crimes
(Tribunals) Act 1973.
(2) It extends to the whole of Bangladesh.
(3) It shall come into force at once.
2. Definitions.
In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in
the subject or context.-
(a)
7. Prosecutors.
(1) The Government may appoint one or more per-
sons to conduct the prosecution before a Tribunal
on such terms and conditions as may be deter-
mined by the Government; and every such person
shall be deemed to be a Prosecutor for the purpose
of this Act.
(2) The Govenrment may designate one of each
such persons as the Chief Prosecutor.
8. Investigation.
(1)The Government may establish an Agency for
the purpose of investigation into crimes specified in
section 3; and any officer belonging to the Agency
shall apply to such Prosecutor.
(2) Any person appointed as a Prosecutor is com-
petent to act as an Investigation Officer and the
provisions relating to investigation shall apply to
such Prosecutor.
(3) Any Investigation Officer making an investiga-
tion under this Act may, by order in writing, require
the attendance before himself of any person who
appears to be acquainted with the circumstances of
the case; and such person shall attend as so
required.
(4) Any Investigation Officer making an investiga-
tion under this Act may examine orally any person
who appears to be acquainted with the facts and
circumstances of the case.
(5) Such person shall be bound to answer all ques-
tions put to him by an Investigation Officer and
shall not be excused from answering any question
on the groud that the answer to such question will
criminate,or may tend directly or indirectly to crimi-
nate, such person;
Provided that no such answer, which a person shall
be compelled to give, shall subject him to any
arrest or prosecution, or be proved against him in
any criminal proceeding.
(6) The Investigation Officer may reduce into writing
any statement made to him in the course of exami-
nation under this section.
(7) Any person who fails to appear before an
Investigation Officer for the purpose of examination
or refuses to answer the questions put to him by
such Investigation Officer shall be punished with
simple imprisonment which may extend to six
months or with fine which may extend to taka two
thousand, or both.
(8) Any Magistrate of the first class may take cog-
nizance of an offence punishable under sub section
(7) upon a complaint in writing by an Investigation
Officer.
(9) Any investigation done into the crimes specified
in section 3 shall be deemed to have been done
under the provisions of this Act.
9. Commencement of the proceedings.
(1) The proceedings before a Tribunal shall com-
mence upon the submission by the Chief
Prosecutor, or a Prosecutor, authorise by the Chief
Prosecutor in this behalf, of formal charges of
crimes alleged to have been committed by each of
159
m~wPcÎ |
the accused person.
(2) The Tribunal shall thereafter fix a date for the
trial of such accused person.
(3) the Chief Prosecutor shall, at least three weeks
before the commencement of the trial, furnish to the
Tribunal a list of witnesses intended to be produced
along with the recorded statement of such witness-
es for copies thereof and copies of documents
which the prosecution intends to rely upon in sup-
port of such charges.
(4) The submission of a list of witnesses and docu-
ments under sub-section
(3) shall not preclude the prosecution from calling,
with the permission of the Tribunal, additional wit-
nesses or tendering any further evidence at any
stage of the trial:
Provided that notice shall be given to the defence
of the additional witnesses intended to be called or
additional evidence sought to be tendered by the
prosecution.
(5) A list of witnesses for the defence. If any, along
with the documents or copies thereof, which the
defence intends to rely upon, shall be furnished to
the Tribunal and the prosecution at the time of the
commencement of the trial.
10. Procedure of trial.
(1) The following procedure shall be followed at a
trial before a Tribunal, namely:-
(a) the charge shall be read out;
(b) the Tribunal shall ask each accused person
whether he pleads guilty or not-guilty;
(c) if the accused person pleads guilty the Tribunal
shall record the plea, and may, in its discretion con-
vict him thereon;
(d) the prosecution shall make an opening state-
ment;
(e) the witnesses for the prosecution shall be exam-
ined, the defence may cross-examine such witness-
es and the prosecution may re-examine them;
(f) the witnesses for the defence, if any, shall be
examined, the prosecution
may cross-examine such witnesses
and the defence may re-examine them;
(g) the Tribunal may, in its discretion, permit the
party which calls a witness to put any question to
him which might be put in cross-examination by the
adverse party;
(h) the Tribunal may, in order to discover or obtain
proof of relevant facts, ask any witness any ques-
tion it pleases, in any form and at any time about
any fact; and may order production of any docu-
ment or thing or summon any witness, and neither
the prosecution nor the defence shall be entitled
either to make any objection to any such question
or order or, without the leave of the Tribunal, to
cross examine any witness upon any answer given
in reply to any such question;
(i) the prosecution shall first sum up its case, and
thereafter the defence shall sum up its case:
Provided that if any witness is examined by the
defence, the prosecution shall have the right to sum
up its case after the defence has done so;
(j) the Tribunal shall deliver its judgement and pro-
mounce its verdict.
(2) All proceedings before the Tribunal shall be in
English.
(3) Any accused person or witness who is unable to
express himself in, or does not understand, English
may be provided the assistance of an interpretor.
(4) The proceedings of the Tribunal shall be in public:
Provided that the Tribunal may, if it thinks fit, take
proceedings in camera.
(5) No oath shall be administered to any accussed
person.
160
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11. Powers of Tribunal.
(1) A Tribunal shall have power-
(a) to summon witnesses to the trial and to require
their attendence and testimony and to put ques-
tions to them;
(b) to administer oaths to witnesses;
(c) to require the production of document and other
evidentiary material;
(d) to appoint persons for carrying out any time
designated by the Tribunal.
(2) For the purpose of enabling any accused per-
son to explain any circumstances apprearing to the
evidance against him, a Tribunal may, at any time
of the trial withour previously warning the accused
person, put such questions to him as the Tribunal
considers necessary:
Provided that the accused person shall not render
himself liable to punishment by refusing to answer
such questions or by giving false answers to them;
but the Tribunal may draw such inference from
such refusal or answers as it thinks just.
(3) A Tribuanl shall-
(a) confine the trial to an expeditious hearing of the
issue raised by the charges;
(b) take measures to prevent any action which may
cause unreasonable delay and rule out irrelevent
issues and statements.
(4) A Tribunal may punish any person who
obstructs or abuses its process or disobeys any of
its orders or directions, or does anything which
tends to prejudice the case of a party before it, or
tends to bring it or any of its members to hatred or
contempt, or does anything which constitutes con-
tempt of the Tribunal, with simple imprisonment
which may extend to one year, or with fine which
may extend to Taka five thousand, or with both.
(5) Any member of the Tribunal shall have power to
direct, or issue a warrant for, the arrest of, and to
commit custody, and to authorise the continued
detention in custody of, any person charged with
any crime specified in section 3.
(6) The Chairman of a Tribunal may make such
administrative arrangements as he considers nec-
essary for the performance of the functions of the
tribunal under this act.
12. Provision for defence counsel.
Where an accused person is not represented by
counsel the Tribunal may, at any stage of the case,
direct that a counsel shall be engaged at the
expense of the Government to defend the accused
person or may also determine the fees to be paid to
such counsel.
13. Restriction of adjournment.
No trial before a Tribunal shall be adjourned for any
purpose unless the Tribunal is of the opinion that
the adjournment is in the interest of the justice.
14. Statement or confession of accused persons.
(1) Any magistrate of the first class may record any
statement or confession made to him by an
accused at anytime in the course of investigation or
at anytime before the commencement of the trial.
(2) The Magistrate shall, before recording any such
confession, explain to the accused person making it
that he is not bound to make a confession and that
if he does so it maybe used as evidence against
him and no magistrate shall record any such con-
fession unless upon questioning the
accused making it, he has reason to
belive that it was made voluntarily.
15. Pardon of an approver.
(1) At any stage of the trial, a Tribunal may with a
view to obtaining the evidence of any person sup-
posed to have been directly or indirectly concerned
in, or privy to any of the crimes specified in section
3, tender a pardon to such person on condition of
his making a full and close disclosure of the whole
and the true circumstances within his knowledge
relative to the crime and for every other person
concerned whether as principal or abottor, in the
commission thereof.
(2) Every person accepting the tender under this
section shall be examined as a witness in the trial.
(3) Such person shall be detained in custody until
the termination of the trial.
16. Charge, etc.
(1) Every charge against an accused person shall
state-
(a) the name and particulars of the accused person;
(b) the crime of which the accused person is
charged;
(c) such particulars of the alleged crime as are rea-
sonably sufficient to give the accused person notice
of the matter with which he is charged.
(2) A copy of the formal charge and the copy of the
documents lodged with the formal charge shall be
furnished to the accused person at a reasonable
time before the trial; and in case of any difficulty in
furnishing copies of the documents, reasonable
opportunity for inspection shall be given to the
161
m~wPcÎ |
accused person in such manner as the Tribunal
may decide.
17.Right of the accused person during trial.
(1) During trial of an accused person he shall have
the right to give any explanation relevant to the
charge made against him.
(2) An accused person shall have the right to con-
duct his own defence before the Tribunal or to have
the assistance of counsel.
(3) An accused person shall have the right to pres-
ent evidence at the Trial to support his defence,
and to cross-examine any witness called by the
proscecution.
18. No excuse from answering any question.
A witness shall not be excused from answering any
question put to him on the ground, that the answer
to such question will criminate or may tend directly
or indirectly will criminate such witness, or that it
will expose or tend to expose such witness to a
penalty or forfeiture of any kind.
Provided that no such answer which a witness shall
be compelled to give shall subject him to any arrest
or prosecution or be proved against him in any
criminal proceeding, except a prosecution for giving
false evidence.
19. Rules of evidence.
(1) A Tribunal not be bound by technical rules of
evidence; and it shall adopt and apply to the great-
est possible extent expeditious and non-technical
procedure, and may admit any evidence, including
reports and photographs published in newspapers,
periodicals and magazines, films and taperecord-
ings and other materials as may be tendered before
it, which it deems to have probative value.
(2) A Tribunal may receive in evidence any state-
ment recorded by a Magistrate or an Investigation
Officer being a statement made by any person who,
at the time of the trial, is dead or whose attendance
cannot be procured without an amount of delay or
expense which the Tribunal considers unreason-
able.
(3) A Tribunal shall not require proof of facts of
common knowledge but shall take judicial notice
thereof.
(4) A Tribunal shall take judicial notice of official
governmental documents and reports of the United
Nations and its subsidiary agencies or other
International bodies including non-governmental
organisation.
20. Judgement and Sentence
(1) The Judgement of a Tribunal as to the guilt or
the innocence of any accused person shall give the
reasons on which it is based :
Provided that each member of the Tribunal shall be
competent to delive a judgement of his own.
(2) Upon conviction of an accused person, the
Tribunal shall award sentence of death or such
other punishment proportionate to the gravity of the
crime as appears to the Tribunal tobe just and
proper.
(3) The sentence awarded under this Act shall be
carried out in accordance with the orders of the
Government.
21. Right to appeal.
A person convicted of any crime specified in section
3 and sentenced by a Tribunal shall have the right
to appeal to the Appelate division of
the Supreme Court of Bangladesh
against such conviction and sentence :
Provided that such appeal may be preferred within
sixty days of date of order of conviction and sen-
tence.
22. Rules of procedure.
Subject to the provision of this Act, a Tribunal may
regulate its own procedure.
23. Certain laws not to apply.
The provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code
1898 (V of 1898) and the Evidence Act 1872 (I of
1872) shall not apply in any proceedings under this
Act.
24. Bar of Jurisdiction.
No order, Judgement or sentence of a Tribunal
shall be called in question in any manner whatsoev-
er in or before any Court or other Authority in any
legal proceedings whatsoever except in the manner
provided in section 21.
25. Indemnity.
No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall
lie against the Government or any person or any-
thing in good faith, done or purporting to have been
done under the Act.
26. Provisions of the Act over-riding all other laws.
The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwith-
standing anything inconsistent therewith contained
in any other law for the time being in force.
21 ‡m‡Þ¤^i 2006
162
m~wPcÎ |
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163
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beŸB‡qi ci wdÖWg Ad G·‡cÖkb-w¯úP Avi
Awcwbq‡bi welq¸wj A‡bK cÖwgb¨v›U nB‡jI, GB
aviYvi h‡_”QvPvi Avi mvgvwRK g~j¨‡ev‡ai Kw_Z
HwZnvwmK gvnvZ¥ wbqv ag©I nB‡jv Av‡iKUv
Ae¯’vb...hvi mv‡_ cwieZ©bKvgx-‡kÖYxnxb mgv‡Ri ¯^cœ,
weÁvbwfwËK wPš—v-‡PZbv Avi gb‡bi cÖej we‡iva
_vK‡jI GB wdÖW‡gi ‡Kig Rvwb ‡hvMm~Î ‰Zix nq|
evRvix wdÖWg ZvB mgv‡R GKig DbœvwmKZvi my‡hvM
‰Zix K‡i| DbœvwmKZv'i mv‡_ mgš^q mvwaZ nq
ag©wfwËK ‡PZbviI...Kvib `yBR‡bB Pvq Avgv‡Mv
BwZnv‡mi ¯§iYxq gyûZ©¸wj‡i fyj‡Z...‡hB BwZnv‡mi
mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z ‡mB mgvRZvwš¿K msMÖv‡gi m¤¢vebv, ‡hB
m¤¢vebv wQ‡jv gvb‡ei P~ovš— gyw³i cÖqvm|
hy×vcivax‡Mv wePvi bv PvBqv fwel¨Z Dbœq‡bi K_v
fve‡Z nB‡ev GBig wPš—vi AeKvk ‰Zix nq
iv‡óÖ...wKš‘ hy×vcivaxiv ‡hB a‡g©i ‡`vnvB w`qv GKUv
iv‡óÖi ¯^vaxbZvi we‡ivaxZv KiwQ‡jv Zvi PP©v GB
mgv‡R Avevi Zviv ïi“ Ki‡Q...wewfbœR‡bi Kv‡Ü PvBcv
wb‡R‡Mv Aw¯—Z¡ cÖgvb Ki‡bi ‡PóvI wbqwgZ K‡i Zviv|
‡mB ag©‡Kw›`ªKZvi wefvR‡b Avgv‡Mv AvëÖv
¯^vaxbZvKvgx‡Mv ‡Kvb AvMÖn bv _vK‡jI ‡gŠb m¤§wZ
Av‡Q| ‡gŠb m¤§wZ kãUv nq‡Zv Lye RyB‡Zi nB‡jv bv,
wKš‘ ‡gŠbZvq m¤§wZi m¤¢vebv _v‡K...wKš‘ mgv‡Ri
¯^vfvweK wbq‡gB Avm‡j wewfbœ c¬¨vUd‡g©/cvUvZ‡b c~‡eiÖ
‡bwZevPK Aa¨vq¸wj we¯§i‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o| ‡hB
we¯§iY gv‡b A¯^xKvi bv, ‡hB we¯§iY gv‡b wk¶vnxbZv
bv|
GLb mgq nB‡Q fveevi...AvëÖv wdÖW‡gi bv‡g Avgv‡Mv
gyw³i ‡PZbvwe‡ivax mKj cwiZ¨³ Av`k©‡i Aegy³
Ki“g!? hy×vcivax‡Mv wePv‡i `vex‡i A‡nZyK g‡b
Ki“g!? hy×vcivax‡Mv ‡PZbvi j‡M mnve¯’v‡bi j‡M
Av‡cvl Ki“g!?
...Avm‡jB GB Ae¯’vbmg~n wK AMÖMg‡bi wb‡`©wkKv!?
Ôexi gyw³‡hv×vi mš—vbÕ
dvinvb `vD`
"Avey ‡gvnv¤§` KvImvi, exi gyw³‡hv×vi mš—vb"| bvg
wR‡Ám Kivi ci ‡Q‡jUvi Ggb DËi ï‡b GKUy AevK n‡q
ZvKvB| KZ eqm? 10-11 n‡e| DËiUv wVKgZ ïbjvg
wKbv ‡f‡e Avev‡iv cÖkœ Kwi--"Kx bvg?" Gevi GKUy
g‡bv‡hvM w`B, Kvb cvwZ| bv, GKB K_v--"Avey ‡gvnv¤§`
KvImvi, exi gyw³‡hv×vi mš—vb"| gv‡qi w`‡K ZvKvB,
e¨vL¨vi Avkvq| gv e‡j, myjZv‡bi ‡QvU ‡Q‡j| cwi®‹vi nq
e¨vcviUv GZ¶‡Y| myjZvb gvgv, Avgvi gv‡qi PvPv‡Zv
fvB, MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z _v‡K| hLb kn‡i Avgvi bvbvevwo‡Z
Av‡m, gv‡S gv‡S K_v nq| mnR-mij gvbyl, evwo‡Z
‡Mi¯’vwj ‡`‡L, Pvlevm K‡i, Ae¯’v Lye GKUv fvj bv|
Z‡e, gv‡qi Kv‡Q Zvui Mí ‡kvbv Ab¨ Kvi‡Y| gvgv wQ‡jb
gyw³‡hv×v| Zv H evwo‡Z Av‡iv gyw³‡hv×v wQ‡jb, gv‡q‡`i
H evwo hy‡×i mgq cywo‡q ‡`q cvKevwnbx gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
AvkÖq¯’j wQj e‡j| GB gvbylUv Zvn‡j Avjv`v ‡Kv_vq?
Avjv`v, KviY GB `ytmvnmx gvbylwU gyw³hy‡× hLb ‡hvM
‡`b, ZLb Zvui eqm gvÎ 13 eQi| m¤§yLhy× K‡i‡Qb H
eq‡mB ivB‡dj nv‡Z, wek¦vm n‡Z Pvq bv, iƒcK_v g‡b
nq| GL‡bv hLb gvbylUv‡K ‡`wL, ‡Kgb ‡hb jv‡M, AevK
n‡ZI fy‡j hvB| H ‡Zv GKUv Lye mvaviY ‡L‡U LvIqv
‡jvK, hv eqm, cwikÖg Avi `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y Zvi ‡P‡qI
‡ewk ‡`Lvq| wbixn ‡Pnviv, ‡Kv_vI Lyu‡R cvB bv hy×w`‡bi
‡mB Av¸b, K_v‡ZI bv| ‡Kvb ‡bZv bq, gyw³hy× fvwO‡q
LvIqv ev BRviv ‡bqv ‡Kvb ivRbxwZwe` ev e¨emvqx bq|
hLb ü`‡qi ‡fZi ‡_‡K ‡`‡ki WvK G‡m‡Q, A¯¿ nv‡Z
RxebevwR ‡i‡L ‡b‡gwQ‡jb gq`v‡b, ‡`k ¯^vaxb nevi c‡i
ZvuiB gZ Av‡iv nvRv‡iv MY‡hv×vi mv‡_ wg‡k ‡M‡Qb
Rbmgy‡`Ö| ‡Kvb evowZ myweav cvbwb gyw³‡hv×v wn‡m‡e|
Awf‡hvM ‡bB ‡Kvb, hy× K‡i wK ‡c‡jb, GB cÖ‡kœi Dˇi
Av‡iv A‡b‡Ki gZB e‡jwQ‡jb, ‡`‡ki Rb¨ hy× KiwQjvg,
hy× ‡eBPv LvIqvi Rb¨ ‡Zv Kwi bvB| GLb Avwg fvwe,
Ggb gvbyl¸‡jvi mš—vbiv ‡Zv gv_v DuPy K‡i mM‡e© wb‡Ri
bvgUv e‡j ej‡ZB cv‡i--"exi gyw³‡hv×vi mš—vb!Ó AvgivI
wK G wK K_v ej‡Z cvwi bv? AvgivI ‡Zv G‡`iB ‡`qv
i‡³i mš—vb, GB ‡hv×vivB ‡Zv RvwZ wn‡m‡e Avgv‡`i Rb¥
w`‡q‡Q, m…wó K‡i ‡M‡Q Ggb GK gnvKve¨, c…w_exi mg¯—
exii‡mi Kve¨ hvi Kv‡Q ¤¬vb GK`gB| Awfgby¨ wK '71
Gi ‡mB 13 eQ‡ii wK‡kv‡ii ‡P‡qI ‡ewk mvnmx wQj?
GwKwjm ev ‡n±i wK wQj Avgv‡`i wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv ev b~i
‡gvnv¤§‡`i ‡P‡qI g¯— ‡Kvb exi? Gu‡`i gZ Av‡iv KZ bvg
Rvbv ev bv Rvbv gnvexiiv ‡mB Av¸‡bi w`b¸wj‡Z ‡h
iƒcK_v wj‡L ‡M‡Q, ‡Zgb Mí ‡KD wK KL‡bv wj‡L‡Q?
164
m~wPcÎ |
gv‡qi gy‡L gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ
S‡ov nvIqv
... ZLb G‡Zv wKQy eySZvg bv| AveŸv‡K ‡`LZvg memgq
Lye ‡Ubk‡b _vK‡Zb| gbgiv n‡q Awd‡m ‡h‡Zb| weKv‡j
K‡jvbxi gv‡V Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i mv‡_ ‡iwWI ïb‡Zb|
‡`‡ki wfZi DËß Ae¯’v| kniRy‡o Aw¯’iZv| K‡qKw`b
Av‡M MÖvg ‡_‡K gwb Lvjv¤§v XvKvq G‡m‡Qb wPwKrmv
Kiv‡Z| 24 gvP© 1971, mKv‡j Ibvi wK ‡hb GKUv
Acv‡ikb n‡jv XvKvi GK nvmcvZv‡j| Lvjy Avi Zv‡`i
‡QvU `yB ‡Q‡j Avgv‡`i evmvq| ‡`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ ‡`‡L
AveŸvi mv‡_ civgk© K‡i Lvjy iv‡ZB gwb Lvjv¤§v‡K evmvq
wb‡q Avm‡jb| ZvQvov nvmcvZv‡j Wv³viI cvIqv hvw”Qj
bv|
iv‡Z K‡jvbxi evmvUv‡Z ï‡q Av‡Q `ywU cwiev‡ii 12 Rb
gvbyl| gwb Lvjv¤§vi Ny‡gi ‡bkv gvÎ †K‡U‡Q| Lvjv¤§v
Avgv‡K Nyg ‡_‡K ‡W‡K Zyj‡jb, ‡`L ‡Zv evB‡i LULU
AvIqvR wK‡mi? Avwg Rvbvjv Ly‡j ‡`wL cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©
K‡jvbxi iv¯—v‡Z Unj w`‡”Q| Avwg Ab¨ i“‡g ‡Mjvg|
AveŸvI D‡V ‡M‡Qb| mevB‡K Pyc K‡i ‡d¬v‡i e‡m _vK‡Z
ej‡jb| wZwb wbtk‡ã wmuwo ‡M‡Ui jvBU eÜ K‡i w`‡q
Avm‡jb|
cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©i ey‡Ui AvIqvR ‡Rviv‡jv n‡”Q| GKUy ci
ci Mvoxi kã Avm‡Q| Ggwb GKmgq nVvr ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“
n‡q ‡M‡jv e…wói gZ| ‡mB ivZ ‡fvjvi gZ bq| Avgviv
‡Zv a‡iB wb‡qwQ Avgiv gi‡Z hvw”Q| Avgvi ‡QvU fvB (8)
Avi `yB Lvjv‡Zv fvB ûgvqyb (5) I ‡mwjg (3) cvj‡¼i
bx‡P e‡m wbtk‡ã Kvu`‡Q|
Ae‡k‡l Rxe‡b Av‡iKUv mKvj Avm‡jv| XvKv'‡Z KviwdD
PjwQj| AveŸv I KvKv ‡KDB Awd‡m ‡h‡Z cv‡iwb|
cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K wewfbœ Dov Lei ïbv hv‡”Q|
K‡jvbx‡Z miKvix Kg©KZ©viv _vK‡Zv e‡j cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv
Gw`KUvq ‡Zgb Avm‡Zv bv| Avgiv Rvbvjv w`‡q ‡`‡LwQ
K‡jvbx evDÛvwi evB‡i evwo‡Z evwo‡Z cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©
Zj¬vkx K‡i‡Q| A‡bK‡K a‡i wb‡q hvIqvi msev`I Kv‡b
AvmwQj| K‡jvbxi ‡Q‡jiv MvQ ‡K‡U ‡gBb iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW
w`‡q‡Q|
27 gvP© 1971, KviwdD ‡f‡½ ‡M‡Q| mKv‡j AveŸv Awdm
‡M‡jb mevi KvQ ‡_‡K we`vq wb‡q| AveŸv ej‡jb, Avwg
Avwm Avi bvB Avwm ‡Zvgiv meB AvR MÖv‡g P‡j hvev| AwZ
cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbmcÎ, Lvevi, UvKv-cqmv, ¯^Y© me MvwÆ ‡e‡a
‡QvU KvKv Avi Lvjyi mv‡_ Avgiv mevB K‡jvbx ‡_‡K ‡ei
n‡q ‡Mjvg| evmvq `iRvq Avwg Kqjv w`‡q wj‡L ivLjvg
"AveŸv Avgiv P‡j ‡Mjvg", wKš‘ Avgiv ‡h ‡Kv_vq hvw”Q
Rvwb bv|
jvjev‡Mi wfZi w`‡q hLb hvw”Q ‡`Ljvg cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv
Unj w`‡”Q| iv¯—vfwZ© i³| Avwg ‡Zv G‡Zv c_ wPwb bv|
‡QvU KvKv Avi Lvjyi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avgiv mevB hvw”Q KL‡bv
cv‡q ‡nu‡U KL‡bv wi·vq| gwb Lvjv¤§v Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMx,
KZ Kó K‡iB bv c_ cvwo w`‡”Q| Avgvi nv‡Z eo GKUv
my¨U‡Km| Avm‡j mevi nv‡ZB wewfbœ ‡QvU-eo e¨vM| A‡bK
c_ Ny‡i Avgiv wRwÄivq ‡cŠQvjvg| AmsL¨ gvbyl b`x cvi
n‡”Q|
b`x‡Z ¸wUK‡qK ‡bŠKv| gwb Lvjv¤§v ‡`Š‡o wM‡q GKUv
‡bŠKvq D‡V co‡jb| ‡Rvi Mjvq ej‡jb, GB ‡bŠKv
Avgv‡`i wiRvf© Kiv! Avgiv mevB AuvUmvU n‡q ‡mB ‡bŠKvq
wM‡q emjvg| Ab¨ ‡bŠKv¸‡jvI `ª“Z fwZ© n‡q ‡M‡Q|
Avgv‡`i ‡bŠKv ‡Q‡o w`‡q‡Q, G hvÎvq eywS ‡eu‡P ‡Mjvg|
‡bŠKv gvÎB Icvi wf‡o‡Q, Agwb ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q ‡M‡jv|
cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv b`xi Icvi ‡_‡K ¸wj Qyuo‡Q Avgv‡`i
w`‡K| b`xi `y'cv‡oi gvbyl Dשk¦v‡m ‡`Š‡o cvjv‡”Q|
K‡qKRb ‡mLv‡bB ‡kl| ‡bŠKv ‡_‡K A‡b‡K Suvc w`‡q
co‡jv gvS b`x‡Z| Avwg ‡QvÆ ‡mwjg‡K GK nv‡Z Avi
Ab¨ nv‡Z my¨U‡Km wb‡q ‡`uŠ‡o cvjvjvg| kZ gvby‡li Xj
‡mLv‡b| GK gwnjv‡K ‡`Ljvg wPrKvi K‡i Kuv`‡Q,
‡Mvjv¸wji mgq ‡m Zvi ev”Pv‡K ‡Kv_vq ‡hb ‡d‡j Avm‡Q|
KZ gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡h ‡nu‡UwQ Zvi ‡Kvb wnmve bvB|
c‡_ Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Gm.Gg n‡ji GK Qv‡Îi ‡`Lv| 25
gv‡P©i ‡mB Kvjiv‡Z ‡m n‡ji g¨vb‡nv‡ji wfZi jywK‡q
wQj| g¨vb‡nv‡ji XvKbvi Dci w`‡q KZ ey‡Ui AvIqvR ‡h
Kv‡b G‡m‡Q| cÖwZUv ¶Y Zv‡K g…Zy¨i cÖni ¸Y‡Z n‡qwQj|
c‡i Mfxi iv‡Z wKfv‡e ‡hb cvwj‡q Avm‡Z ‡c‡i‡Q| ‡m
KL‡bv Avgv‡`i e¨vM enb K‡i KL‡bv ‡QvÆ ‡mwjg‡K ‡Kv‡j
wb‡q A‡bKLvwb c_ GwM‡q w`‡q‡Q| Av‡iK ‡jvK m`iNvU
‡_‡K G‡m‡Q| ‡m ‡`‡L‡Q j Uvwg©bv‡j i‡³i eb¨v Avi
jv‡ki ¯—yc|
kni ‡_‡K nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl MÖv‡g Avm‡Q| MÖv‡gi gvbyliv
‡KD wgwó Avjy, i“wU, fvZ, ev”Pv‡`i Rb¨ `ya w`‡q Avgv‡`i
gZ NiQvov gvbyl‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| Avgv‡`i e¨v‡M i“wU
wQj wKš‘ LvIqv nqwb| Avm‡j H mg‡q LvIqv hvq bv|
mܨvi w`‡K Avgiv Avgv‡`i Mš—‡e¨ ‡cuŠQvjvg| Avgv‡`i
‡`‡L bvbv ‡`Š‡o Avm‡jb, ‡Pv‡Li cvwb gy‡Q ej‡jb "‡Zviv
‡eu‡P AvQm! Avwg g‡b KiwQ ‡Zviv mevB ‡kl|" gv‡K
wR‡Ám Ki‡jv, RvgvB KB? wKš‘, Avgiv Rvwb bv AveŸv
‡Kv_vq?
¸‡gvU GKUv mgq cvi KiwQ| AveŸv'i ‡Kvb Lei Avgiv
Rvwb bv| ‡QvU KvKv AveŸv'i Lei Avb‡Z XvKv'q Avm‡Z
‡P‡qwQj, gv ivRx nqwb| "‡Zvi eo fvB‡K nvivBwQ, ‡Zv‡K
gvivi Rb¨ XvKv'q cvVv‡Z cvi‡ev bv"| KwVb G K_v¸‡jv
KZ mn‡RB bv gv e‡j ‡djj| hy× g‡b nq gvbyl‡K
AbyfywZ ïb¨ evwb‡q ‡d‡j|
165
m~wPcÎ |

MÖv‡g Avgv‡`i 6/7 w`b ‡K‡U ‡M‡Q| GLb cwiw¯’wZ wKQyUv VvÛv| ‡QvU KvKv
XvKv'q iIbv w`‡jb, AveŸvi ‡Luv‡R| ZvQvov miKvix Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i
Awd‡m ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ wb‡`©k ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| ‡QvU KvKvI AveŸvi mv‡_
GUwb© ‡Rbv‡ij Awd‡m PvKwi Ki‡Zb| Awd‡m ‡h‡q D`åvš— Ae¯’vq
evevi Kuv‡a eÜzi jvk
AveŸv'i mv‡_ KvKvi ‡`Lv n‡jv| `yB fvB‡qi MovMwo w`‡q ‡m wK Kvbœv! bv`vb
AveŸv ‡f‡ewQ‡jb Avgiv gviv ‡MwQ, Avi Avgiv ‡fwewQ AveŸv gviv ‡M‡Qb|
KvKv‡K wb‡q AveŸv H w`bB MÖv‡g P‡j Avm‡jb Avgv‡`i mv‡_ ‡`Lv Ki‡Z|

GwcÖj '71 Gi ‡k‡li w`‡K Avgiv XvKvq P‡j Avmjvg| AvwRgcyi K‡jvbx
ZLb ‡gvUvgywU wbivc` wQj| m¤¢eZ cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv miKvix Kg©KZ©v-
Kg©Pvix‡`i‡K wb‡R‡`i c‡¶i ‡jvK g‡b Ki‡Zv ! cvK-nvbv`viiv Ab¨ me
RvqMvq AZ¨vPvi-wbcxob Ki‡jI GLv‡b ‡Zgb wKQy Ki‡Z ‡`wLwb| Z‡e
memgq Lye Unj w`‡Zv| ‡QvU KvKv w`‡b miKvix PvKix Ki‡Zb Avi iv‡Z
'MY-m½xZ' ‡M‡q GjvKvi hyeK‡`i msMwVZ Ki‡Zb| AveŸv m¤§yLhy‡× ‡h‡Z
cv‡ibwb wVKB Z‡e A_©, Z_¨, Lvevi, Ilya BZ¨vw` w`‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb|

AvwRgcyi K‡jvbx ZLb G‡Zv Rbeûj wQj bv| wewìs¸‡jv wQj wZb Zjv|
hy‡×i Kvi‡YB nq‡Zv ZLb A‡bK evmv k~b¨ wQj| Avgiv memgq evmvq
evowZ i“wU evwb‡q ‡i‡L w`Zvg| cÖvq mgq wf¶yK, ‡dixIqvjvi QÙ‡e‡k
gyw³evwnbxi ‡Q‡j GgbwK ‡g‡qm`m¨ evmvq Avm‡Zv| Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K i“wU
w`‡q w`Zvg| gv ‡h KZ gyw³evwnbxi ‡Q‡j‡`i N‡i G‡b fvZ LvB‡q‡Q| cÖvq
mevi gy‡L GKUv Kgb K_v wQj 'gv, AvR 2 w`b ev 3 w`b ci fvZ
‡Ljvg"|
‡g gv‡mi w`‡K miKvi ‡NvlYv w`j 'B›Uvi cix¶v' n‡e| ‡`‡ki GB Ae¯’vq
‡KD wK cov‡jLv Ki‡Z ‡c‡i‡Q ? ‡Kvb iKg cÖ¯—ywZ QvovB cix¶v w`‡Z
‡Mjvg, ïaygvÎ Rvb i¶v‡_©| Avgvi wmU c‡owQj e`i“b‡bmv K‡j‡R|
bv‡ggvÎ cix¶v n‡”Q| mevB eB Ly‡j ‡`‡L ‡`‡L cix¶v w`‡”Q| wUPviiv
‡KD wKQyB ej‡Q bv| cvnviviZ cvK-Avwg©iv ch©š— cix¶v_©x‡`i eB G‡b
w`‡q‡Q, cix¶vq ‡jLvi Rb¨! cieZ©x‡Z ‡`k ¯^vax‡bi ci GB cix¶v evwZj
‡NvlYv Kiv nq| ZLb Avgiv fvjgZ cov‡jLv K‡i Avevi cix¶v w`jvg|
bZyb Rxeb jvf Avi g…Zy¨i Avk¼vB wQj Avgv‡`i wbZ¨m½x| cÖwZw`b
mKv‡j AveŸv Awd‡m ‡h‡Zb Avgv‡`i mevi KvQ ‡_‡K 'we`vq' wb‡q|
GKevi ‡Zv AveŸv‡K a‡i ‡bIqvi Rb¨ cvK-evwnbx mycÖxg ‡Kv‡U© nvwRi|
ZLb AveŸv'i GK wenvix KwjM ‡iRv mv‡ne cvK-evwnbxi Awdmvi‡K
‡evSv‡jb, Dwb Avgvi fvB, A‡bK fv‡jv gvbyl, fv‡jv miKvix Awdmvi
......| Avj¬vncvK ‡hb wbR nv‡Z Avgvi AveŸv‡K ‡ndvRZ Ki‡jb|
Avwg hLb ¯‹y‡j cwo ZLb MíUv AveŸyi gy‡L
ï‡bwQjvg| 1971 mvj, AveŸy ZLb K‡j‡R
c‡o| ‡`kgvZ…Kvi Uv‡b GB evsjvi AviI jv‡Lv
hye‡Ki gZ wb‡R‡KI a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡iwb| hw`I
evev, gvi GKgvÎ ‡Q‡j nIqvq `v`y, `vw` ‡KD
AveŸy‡K hy‡× ‡h‡Z w`‡Z ivwR wQ‡jb bv| ZvB
iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Nygš— GK gv‡K mvjvg K‡i Avi
GK gv‡qi Uv‡b Ni ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q hvb|
Zvici ‡UÖwbs wb‡q ‡divi ci Zv‡`i Qq eÜyi
Dci `vwqZ¡ c‡o iscyi-e¸ov gnvmo‡Ki
KvUvLvwj b`xi Dci ‡h weÖRUv Av‡Q (eZ©gv‡b
MvBevÜv ‡Rjvi Aš—©MZ) ‡mwU Dwo‡q ‡`evi|
nvBKgvÛ ‡_‡K wb‡`©k cvevi ci cÖ‡qvRbxq
we‡ùviK Zviv fvj K‡i c¨vK K‡i wb‡q Mfxi
iv‡Z Zviv b`x‡Z ‡b‡g c‡ob| gv_vi Dci
KPywicvbv †V‡j ax‡i ax‡i weÖ‡Ri w`‡K G‡Mv‡Z
_v‡Kb| weÖ‡Ri Dci ZLb cvwK Avwg© Avi
ivRvKvi‡`i wbqwgZ Unj| b`xi cv‡k ZLb cvU
‡avqvi ci A‡bK¸‡jv cvULwoi ¯—yc Kiv wQj|
cvwK Avwg© Avi ivRvKvi‡`i ‡PvL‡K duvwK w`‡q
Zviv QqRb wZb fvM n‡q GK GKwU cvULwoi ¯—
y‡ci g‡a¨ `yB Rb K‡i Xy‡K c‡ob| A‡c¶v
Ki‡Z _v‡Kb my‡hv‡Mi| wKš‘ fvM¨ mnvq bv
_vKvq my‡hvM ey‡S ‡ei nevi mgq ‡`‡L ‡d‡j
cvwK Avwg©| Gici ïi“ nq e…wói gZ ¸wjel©Y|
AveŸyi cv‡ki eÜy ZLwb ¸wj ‡L‡q jywU‡q c‡ob|
‡mw`b wZwb Zvi AvnZ eÜy‡K Kuv‡a K‡i `yB
wK‡jvwgUvi iv¯—v e‡q wb‡q Av‡mb| hw`I AveŸyi
Kvu‡aB gviv hvb Zvi eÜz| ‡mw`b wZwb Zvi Lye
Kv‡Qi `yB eÜy‡K nvivb| GB evsjv gv‡qi Rb¨
‡mw`b Zvi `yB mš—vb ey‡Ki i³ ‡X‡j w`‡q knx`
n‡q hvq|
AveŸyi Kv‡Q GB Mí ‡kvbvi ci Zvi gZ KwVb
gvby‡li ‡Pv‡L ‡h cvwb ‡`‡LwQjvg, Zvici
‡Kvbw`b Avi Zvi Kv‡Q 71 m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z
PvBwb| ‡Kvb GK ARvbv Kvi‡Y Dwb ‡Kvbw`b
gyw³‡hv×vi mvwU©wd‡KUI Avb‡Z hvbwb|

166
m~wPcÎ |
bvw`g Kvw`i GKRb mvsevw`K| ïay
mvsevw`K bb, weL¨vZ mvsevw`K- IKv‡ei
‡cÖwm‡W›U| Dc¯’vcK| evRv‡i wZbwU eB
‡ewi‡q‡Q| Avgvi Kv‡Q Zvi Gme cwiPq‡K
Qvwc‡q ‡M‡Q wZwb GKRb knx‡`i mš—vb|
DËim~ix ‡dviv‡g Zvi GKwU ‡jLv c‡o ‡Pv‡L
Rj G‡jv| g‡b co‡jv Rwni ivqnv‡bi ‡Q‡j
Abj ivqnv‡bi K_v| evevi g…Zz¨ inm¨
D`NvUb Ki‡Z Av`vRj ‡L‡q ‡b‡g
c‡owQ‡jb, mdj n‡qwQ‡jb| Ab‡ji m‡½
bvw`‡gi ZdvZ, wZwb Rvb‡Zb Zvi evev‡K
Kviv ‡g‡i‡Q| Ab‡ji g‡ZvB bvw`g Zvi
evevi Kei Lyu‡R ‡ewi‡q‡Qb| mdj n‡q‡Qb,
wKš‘ UÖv‡RwWUv GLv‡bB| Zvi evev ‡Kv_vq
kvwqZ ‡R‡bI wKQy Ki‡Z bv cvivi A¶gZv
Ky‡o Lv‡”Q Zv‡K| G Mí GK Amnvq mš—
v‡bi Mí| ‡h RvqMvi K_v ejv n‡”Q Zvi
Avkcvk w`‡q wQ‡jv Avgvi wbZ¨Kvi
AvmvhvIqv| ‡m Kvi‡YB ‡e`bvUv nq‡Zv
‡ekxB ey‡K ‡e‡R‡Q Avgvi|
evevi ‡Lvu‡R
Awg ingvb wcqvj
15 GwcÖj 1971| Nyg fvO‡jv dR‡ii AvRv‡b|
wek¦vmx‡`i Dcvmbvi WvK ‡`qv n‡”Q| Aek¨ G‡`i
‡ekxifvMB ZZw`‡b nq cvwj‡q‡Qb, bq‡Zv gviv
c‡o‡Qb cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z| evev‡K
‡`Ljvg jyw½ Avi ‡MwÄ c‡o evmvi ‡cQ‡bi `iRv
w`‡q ‡ewi‡q hv‡”Qb| wR‡Ám Kijvg, Ò‡Kv_vq hv‡”Qv
evev?Ó Dwb Avgvi w`‡K ZvKv‡jb, Zvici ‡_‡g
Avgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡jb| Avgv‡K k³ K‡i Rwo‡q
a‡i ej‡jb, Ò‡Zvgvi evev ‡Kv_vI hv‡”Q bv|Ó
Gici G‡jv ‡mBw`b, 17 GwcÖj 1971| `yqv‡ii NwÈ
evR‡jv, ‡mBm‡½ ey‡Ui mcvU jvw_| A‡bK¸‡jv
‡mcvB wb‡q GKRb cvwK¯—vbx K¨v‡Þb Avgv‡`i
evmvq XyK‡jb| `iRv Lyj‡ZB Avgv‡K wR‡Ám Kij,
Ò‡Zvgvi evev ‡Kv_vq?Ó Avgvi wcQy wb‡q Zviv ‡kvevi
N‡i XyKj Avi evev‡K ej‡jv, ÒZywg GKRb ‡eBgvb|
‡Zvgv‡K ‡MÖßvi Kiv n‡jv... ‰Zwi n‡q bvI|Ò
Gici ‡mB K¨v‡Þb Avgvi evev ‡jdU¨v‡b›U K‡Y©j
‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yj Kvw`i‡K (BwÄwbqvwis ‡Kvi) ¯¿xi
m‡½ Ri“ix ‡Kv‡bv K_v _vK‡j ‡m‡i wb‡Z ej‡jv|
Avgvi Mf©eZx gv ZLb wb_i wbðyc Zvi cv‡k
`vuwo‡q| GKUv ‡bwf wR‡c K‡i Zv‡K wb‡q hvIqvi
mgq Avwg ‡`uŠ‡o ‡Mjvg wmwoi w`‡K, Zv‡K nvZ ‡b‡o
we`vq w`jvg| evevI nvZ bvo‡jb| Avwg KL‡bvB
fvwewb GUvB Avgv‡`i ‡kl ‡`Lv n‡Z hv‡”Q| Gici
Avwg A‡bK cÖv_©bv K‡iwQ hv‡Z evevi m‡½ Avgvi
Avevi ‡`Lv nq| fvwewb K‡qK hyM c‡i G‡m Zv‡K
mkix‡i bv ‡c‡jI Zvi ‡kl wekÖv‡gi RvqMvUv‡K Lyu‡R
cv‡ev|
Avwg ïay mwZ¨Uv Rvb‡Z ‡P‡qwQ| Rvb‡Z ‡P‡qwQ
1971 mv‡ji 17 GwcÖj Avgvi evev BwÄwbqvwis
‡Kv‡ii ‡j. K‡Y©j ‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yj Kvw`‡ii fv‡M¨
wK n‡qwQj| ‡MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvIqvi ci Zvi Avi
‡LvuR ‡g‡jwb| Zvi ‡divi A‡c¶vq cÖni ¸‡b ¸‡b
1999 mv‡j gviv ‡M‡Qb Zvi ¯¿x nvmbv ‡nbv Kvw`i|
Avgvi fvB‡evb‡`i g‡Zv AvwgI GKB K_v wek¦vm
Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQ| wKš‘ GKBm‡½ ‡P‡qwQ m‡Z¨i
gy‡LvgywL n‡Z| fv‡jvfv‡eB RvbZvg ‡mUv myLKi wKQy
n‡e bv| ZviciI Zvi ‡kl wVKvbvUv Rvbv Avgvi
Kv‡Q Lye Ri“wi wQ‡jv|
16 eQi ‡LvuRvLywRi ci Avwg Ae‡k‡l GKUv m~Î
‡cjvg| m~‡Îi m~Î Avgv‡K wb‡q ‡M‡jv PÆMÖv‡gi
cvuPjvBk GjvKvq ea¨f~wg‡Z| 1971 mv‡j 70 bs
cvuPjvB‡k _vKZvg Avgiv, Zvi Lye Kv‡QB Ae¯’vb
‡mB MYKe‡ii| ‡m RvqMvq GKUv `vjvb DV‡Q|
gvwjKc¶ gyL Lyj‡Z bvivR| ‡mLv‡b gvwU ‡Luvovi
mgq Zviv wKQy ‡c‡qwQj wKbv bvwK Zviv ‡¯^”Qvq Zv
Avevi gvwUPvcv w`‡q‡Q ‡mUv Rvbv ‡M‡jv bv|
Avwg ‡mLv‡b wbðyc `vuwo‡q wQjvg| ‡PwP‡q ej‡Z
B‡”Q KiwQ‡jv, Òevev, ‡kl ch©š— ‡c‡qwQ ‡Zvgv‡K|
`¨v‡Lv ‡Zvgvi Aš‘ evev G‡m ‡M‡Q| Ó wPrKvi K‡i
Kvu`‡Z cviwQjvg bv, ‡KD bv ‡`‡L g‡Zv ‡PvL
gyQwQjvg ïay| ‡mB Aa©-wbwg©Z fe‡bi ‡M‡Ui evB‡i
`vuwo‡q Avwg wbi‡e cÖv_©bv KiwQjvg Avgvi evevi
Rb¨|
gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ nvwi‡q wM‡qwQjvg, Lye Amy¯’ jvMwQj|
wKš‘ Avgvi Dcvq wQj bv ‡Kv‡bv| Avj¬vni Kv‡Q
cÖv_©bv KiwQjvg Avgv‡K kw³ w`‡Z hv‡Z evevi
mn‡hv×v‡`i mvnvh¨ wb‡q RvqMvUvi wewbg©vY Ki‡Z
cvwi| D‡`¨vMUv ‡bIqv n‡q‡Q Ges Avkv KiwQ ïay
Zvi KeiwUB mywePvi cv‡e bv, ‡mBm‡½ ‡hvM¨ m¤§vb
w`‡q ¯^vaxbZv hy×Kv‡j Zvi f~wgKvI ¯úó Kiv n‡e|
‡jLvUv hLb wjLwQ, ZLbI Avgvi eo ‡evb I
‡QvUfvB G m¤ú‡K© wKQyB Rv‡b bv| ‡jLvUv ‡ei“‡bvi
Av‡MB Zv‡`i ej‡ev Aek¨| ‡ev‡bi Rb¨B ‡ekx wPš—v
167
m~wPcÎ |
n‡”Q KviY Dwb KZUv k³ _vK‡Z cvi‡eb Zv wbwðZ ej‡Z
cviwQ bv| Avi KeiUv msiw¶Z bv nIqv ch©š— ‡mLv‡b wM‡q
evevi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv KivI Zvi Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡e bv| wKš‘ GUvB
ev¯—eZv hvi gy‡LvgywL Avgv‡`i n‡Z n‡q‡Q|
PÆMÖv‡g ‡ek KÕevi Avmv-hvIqvi ci gv‡K e‡jwQjvg ‡h
Zvi wcÖqR‡bi Ke‡ii ‡LvuR ‡c‡qwQ| wKš‘ Zv‡K Rxeš—
wdwi‡q Avbv m¤¢e nqwb| ‡iWKª‡mi ‡UÖwms G‡RwÝ 1974
mv‡jB e‡j w`‡qwQ‡jv ‡h evev Ôwb‡LuvR Ges aviYv Kiv nq
Zv‡K ‡g‡i ‡djv n‡q‡QÕ| wKš‘ Zv‡Z Zvi cwievi mš‘ó
nqwb| A‡bK ‡LvRLei ‡bqv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ ‡KD ej‡Z cv‡iwb
Zv‡K ‡Kv_vq gviv n‡q‡Q|
ïi“‡Z ‡KD ‡KD e‡jwQj Zv‡K PÆMÖv‡gi dqÕm ‡j‡Ki
ILv‡b gviv n‡q‡Q| Avwg cÖwZeQi ‡mLv‡b ‡hZvg| dyj
w`Zvg, cÖv_©bv KiZvg| 1991 mv‡j ‡ckvMZ Kvi‡Y PÆMÖvg
hvIqvi Kvi‡Y Avwg ‡Rv‡i‡mv‡iB Zvi nw`k ‡ei Ki‡Z
D‡Vc‡o jvMjvg| evevi Qwe wb‡q cvuPjvBk GjvKvq
A‡bKevi wM‡qwQ| wPb‡Z cv‡i ‡f‡e hy‡×i mgq wKsev Zvi
cici PÆMÖv‡g wQj Ggb ‡jvKRb‡K ‡`wL‡qwQ| wKš‘ wKQyB
‡g‡jwb| 2004 mv‡ji w`‡K ‡K ‡hb ejj kn‡ii ‡Kvb
cvnv‡o bvwK nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K| wKš‘ ‡Kv‡bv cÖgvY
cvIqv hvqwb|
hLb nvj cÖvq ‡Q‡oB w`‡qwQjvg, gnvb Avj¬vnZvqvjv
Avgv‡K PÆMÖvg wb‡q ‡M‡jb GKUv we‡kl Kv‡R| 2007
mv‡j Avwg my`v‡b wQjvg, ‡mB AwfÁZvi eY©bv w`‡ZB
RvwZms‡Ni GKwU kvwš— wgk‡bi m`m¨‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ‡jKPvi
w`‡Z ‡mLv‡b wM‡qwQjvg| K_vq K_vq Awdmvi‡`i
e‡jwQjvg ‡h 1971 mv‡j Avgvi evev‡K ‡mB kn‡i nvwi‡q
‡d‡jwQ, Zvi Avi ‡LvuR cvBwb| Gici wekvj GKUv m~Î
wgj‡jv| PÆMÖvg weÖ‡M‡Wi ‡j. K‡Y©j ev‡qwR` Avgv‡K Wv.
gvndyRyi ingv‡bi ‡jLv ÔevOvjxi RvZxqev`x msMÖvg,
gyw³hy‡× PÆMÖvgÕ bv‡g GKwU eB ‡`Lv‡jb| ‡jLK ïay
L¨vwZgvb wPwKrmKB bb, weL¨vZ M‡elKI| ‡mB eB‡qi
371 bs c…ôvq Dwb wj‡L‡Qb ‡h cvuPjvB‡k PÆMÖvg ‡gwW‡Kj
K‡j‡Ri mvg‡b G‡cv‡jv cwj wK¬wb‡Ki ‡cQ‡b Av‡iv 35
Rbmn K‡Y©j Kvw`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj|
Avwg Wv³vi ingvb‡K Ly‡R ‡ei Kijvg, wZwb Avgv‡K wb‡q
‡M‡jb cÖavb mv¶xi Kv‡Q| byi“j Bmjvg bv‡g GB e¨emvqx
1971 mv‡j PÆMÖv‡g AvIqvgx wj‡Mi Kvh©wbe©vnx cwil‡`i
m`m¨ wQ‡jb| cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡ZB wZwb ‡f‡O co‡jb|
Rvbv‡jb K‡Y©j Kvw`i‡K wZwb wPb‡Zb| 1971 mv‡ji 17
GwcÖj cvuPjvB‡ki GKUv Lvwj RvqMvq Kgc‡¶ Av‡iv 18
Rb mn Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡iwQj cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx,
hv‡`i mgvwnZ K‡i‡Qb wZwb| Kgc‡¶ cvuPwU ey‡jU ey‡K
wb‡q jywU‡q c‡owQ‡jb K‡Y©j Kvw`i| GI wbwðZ Ki‡jb
K‡Y©j Kvw`i Zvi Awd‡mi (A‡qj GÛ M¨vm ‡W‡fjc‡g›U
K‡c©v‡ikb, hv GLb ‡c‡UÖvevsjv) ‡÷vi ‡_‡K we‡ùviK wewj
K‡iwQ‡jb Ges 1971 mv‡ji gv‡P© Awd‡m evsjv‡`‡ki
cZvKv Dwo‡q wQ‡jb| Zvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨iv Zv‡K ‡`‡L‡Q
70 bs cvuPjvB‡ki miKvix evmfe‡b evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv
Iov‡Z|
wR‡Ám Kijvg Avgvi evev‡K wKfv‡e wPb‡Zb| DËi w`‡jb
K‡Y©j Kvw`‡ii g‡Zv ‡jvKR‡bi m‡½ mL¨ Mo‡Z `jxq
cwiKíbvi Ask wQ‡jv Zv| wbe©vPb cieZ©x APjve¯’v ïi“
nIqvi ci ‡_‡K wbqwgZB Zvi Awdm Avi evmvq Avwg
‡hZvg| Bmjvg mv‡ne GKwU ‡÷Öv‡Ki wkKvi nIqvi ci
‡_‡K AvswkK c¶vNvZMÖ¯’| ZviciI Kó ¯^xKvi K‡i
Avgv‡K ‡mLv‡b (`vi Dm mvjvg, 34/G cvuPjvBk) wb‡q
‡M‡jb| GKvs‡k `vi Dm mvjvg, Ab¨ As‡k bZyb GKwU
fe‡bi KvR Pj‡Q| GLv‡bB Ae¯’vb ‡mB MYKe‡ii|
ej‡jb, Òwbe©vP‡bi ciciB Zvi m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq
n‡qwQj| A‡bKevi Zvi Awd‡m ‡MwQ, evmvqI|Ó Bmjvg
mv‡ne ‡hvM Ki‡jb ‡h 1971 mv‡ji 17 GwcÖj `ycyi `y‡Uvi
w`‡K wZwb ¸wji kã ‡kv‡bb| KvQvKvwQ wewfbœ evwoi
`v‡ivqvb Ges PvKi‡`i Kv‡Q Rvb‡jb K‡Y©j Kvw`imn
A‡bK ‡jvK‡K ‡g‡i ‡djv n‡q‡Q|
‡hvM Ki‡jb, ÒA‡bK SyuwK wb‡q ‡mLv‡b wM‡qwQjvg... m‡½
Av‡iv K‡qKRb wQ‡jv... Kv‡QB g°x gmwR‡`i Bgvg
mv‡ne‡K ‡W‡K G‡bwQjvg Avgiv| Lye `ª“Z Avi ‡KD bv
Rv‡b g‡Zv Avgiv g…Z‡`i wVKg‡Zv `vdb Ki‡Z
PvBwQjvg|Ó RvbvRv cwo‡q GKUv Lvwj RvqMvq Zv‡`i
`vdb Kiv nq| Kv‡QB GjvKvi GKUv eo ‡WÖb ‡M‡Q
RwgUvi Dci w`‡q|
Gici nVvr K‡iB K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹yj I K‡j‡Ri
GKRb wkw¶Kv wg‡mm ‡iv‡Kqv ‡PŠayixi m‡½ ‡`Lv nq
Avgvi| DwbI Avgv‡K MYKei wn‡m‡e
GKB RvqMv ‡`wL‡q w`‡jb| DwbI ï‡b‡Qb
‡h GKRb evOvjx ‡mbv Kg©KZ©v‡K ‡mLvb
mgvwnZ Kiv n‡qwQj| febwUi ‡Kqvi‡UKvi‡K ‡`wL‡q
ej‡jb, Òfe‡bi KvR ïi“ nIqvi ci ‡_‡K cÖvq cÖwZw`bB
Avwg GLv‡b G‡m kÖwgK‡`i wR‡Ám K‡iwQ Zviv ‡`nve‡kl
‡c‡q‡Q wKbv... wKš‘ Zviv memgq Pyc ‡_‡K‡Q bq‡Zv
A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q|Ó GI ej‡jb, ÒMYKe‡ii RvqMvUv Ab¨
As‡ki ‡_‡K GKUy DuPy|Ó
`vd‡bi RvqMvi Lye KvQvKvwQ _v‡Kb Ggb GKRb mv‡eK
e¨emvqx‡K Lyu‡R ‡ei Kijvg| Dwb Zvi bvg cÖKv‡k
Awb”QyK| Rvbv‡jb Zvi Aíeqmx PvKi (‡`vnv‡ii Awaevmx
AvjvDwÏb, GLb Avi Zvi ILv‡b ‡bB) `vdbKvix‡`i m‡½
wQ‡jb| RvqMvUvI ‡`wL‡q‡Qb| 14 ‡_‡K 18 Rb wQ‡jb
ILv‡b| ej‡jb Av‡M wKQy gvbyl ‡mLv‡b G‡m Kei ‡RqviZ
Ki‡Zb, wKš‘ Zviv GLb Avi Av‡mb bv| Zvi ‡Q‡jI mvq
w`‡q Rvbv‡jb ‡h Zviv Rwgi gvwjK‡K Aby‡iva K‡iwQ‡jb
Ke‡ii Ici GKUv evMvb evbv‡Z, wKš‘ ÔwKQy Kvi‡YÕ ‡ewk
PvcvPvwc K‡ibwb| e¨emvqx f`Ö‡jvK ‡mB GjvKvq ‡mbv‡`i
‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`Iqv K¨v‡Þ‡bi K_vI ej‡jb| jyUcvUmn Zvi wKQy
Kg©Kv‡Ûi K_vI Rvbjvg|
Avgvi GB Z`‡š—i mgq wKQy gvby‡li m‡½ cwiPq n‡q‡Q
hviv ‡MvUv e¨vcviUv Nywi‡q w`‡Z m‡Pó wQ‡jb| ‡LuvR wb‡q
Rvbjvg hy×Kv‡j Zv‡`i f~wgKv wQj weZwK©Z| ¯’vbxq
Uv¯‹‡dv‡m©i Kv‡Q Avgvi Aby‡iv‡ai ‡cÖw¶‡Z 2008 mv‡ji
10 Rvbyqvwi ‡_‡K GK mßv‡ni Rb¨ fe‡bi wbg©vYKvR eÜ
wQj| MYKe‡i K‡Y©j Kvw`‡ii jvkI wQ‡jv Rvb‡Z ‡c‡i
K‡Y©j ‡iRv `ª“Z e¨e¯’v wb‡qwQ‡jb|
Avgv‡`i wcÖq evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ hviv Rxeb w`‡q‡Q Zv‡`i
m¤§vY Ki‡ZB Avgv‡`i GLb GjvKvUv `ª“Z msiw¶Z Ki‡Z
n‡e| Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZvq Ae`vb ivLvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i DwPZ
n‡e K‡Y©j Kvw`i‡K h_v‡hvM¨ m¤§vb ‡`Iqv| ‡mRb¨
GUv‡KB mwVK mgq e‡j gvb‡Q Zvi cwievi| nq‡Zv
GRb¨B Avj¬vn Avgv‡K ‡mLv‡b wb‡q ‡M‡Qb hv‡Z `xN© GK
hš¿Yvgq hvÎvi ‡kl nq|
K…ZÁZv : DËim~ix, Rb¥hy×
168
m~wPcÎ |
Avgv‡`i Uwg Avi ‡ki Avjxi Mí
Gw¯‹‡gv
‡mB †Zv A‡bK w`b n‡q ‡MjÑ cÖvq mv‡o wZb `kK|
G‡Zvw`b ci Avcbv‡`i Uwgi Mí ej‡Z n‡e GgbUv KLbI
fvwewb| Uwg ‡h KLb - wKfv‡e Avgv‡`i evmvq G‡mwQ‡jv
g‡b ‡bB| GUv g‡b ivLvi g‡Zv ‡Kvb NUbvI bv| wKš‘ Uwgi
Aw¯—Z¡ - we‡kl K‡i Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii GKRb n‡q emevm
Kivi KvwnbxUv Aek¨ GKUv welq e‡U|
I ‡nv! Avwg ‡Zv Uwgi Kvwnbx ïi“ K‡i w`jvg Avi ‡ePviv
Uwgi mv‡_ Avcbv‡`i cwiPqB Kwi‡q w`jvg bv| GBUv wVK
n‡jv bv! Uwg wQ‡jv Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii GKgvÎ ‡cvlv KyKy‡ii
bvg| cÖ_g w`b ‡_‡KB gvSvwi Mo‡bi aea‡e mv`v KyKyiUv
wQj Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii mevi cQ›` (Aek¨ gvÕi cQ‡›`i
wQ‡jv bv - gv IRy b‡ói f‡q I‡K Gwo‡q Pj‡Zv)| GKUv
‡QvÆ ev”Pv KyKyi ax‡i ax‡i Avgv‡`i cwiev‡i wg‡k wM‡q
wQ‡jv| iv‡Z weiv‡Z ‡Kvb gvby‡li c‡¶ Avgv‡`i evmvi KvQ
w`‡q Uwgi m¤¢vlY bv ï‡b hvZvqvZ m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| we‡kl
K‡i AveŸvi iv‡Z Pjv‡divi GKvš— AbyMZ mnPi wQ‡jv Uwg|
mKv‡ji bv¯—vq i“wU, `ycy‡i fv‡Zi gvo Avi iv‡Z Dw”Qó
wQ‡jv Uwgi R‡b¨ eivÏ|
Uwg Avgv‡`i mv‡_ emevm Kivi Kivi mgqB ‡`k DËvj
n‡jvÑ G‡jv GKvËi| XvKv AvKªvš— n‡jv| ‡`‡ki mKj ¯‹yj
K‡j‡Ri mv‡_ Avgv‡`i ¯‹yjI eÜ n‡q ‡Mj| Avgiv mevB
evmvq e‡m Ajm mgq KvUv‡bv ïi“ Kijvg| ‡mB mgqB Uwg
Avgv‡`i ‡Ljvi mv_x n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv| mevi N‡ii evB‡i
hvIqv wb‡la| ZvB evmvi eviv›`vq Uwg‡K bvbvb KmiZ
‡kLv‡Z e¨¯— n‡q ‡M‡jb eo fvB ‡ev‡biv| Avgiv ‡QvUiv
Zvwj w`‡q DZmvwnZ KiZvg| Gfv‡e ‰n ‰P Avi Avb›` K‡i
mgq KvUvw”Qjvg|
hÏyi g‡b c‡o w`bwU GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡Kvb GKw`b n‡e| Kvib
gv‡P©i ‡k‡li w`‡K XvKv ‡_‡K P‡j G‡mwQ‡jv wek¦we`¨vjq
coyqv K‡qKRb cvovi ‡Q‡j| Giv gv‡V ¯’vbxq hyeK‡`i wb‡q
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Zv - gvP©cv÷ Ki‡Zv| ‡hw`‡bi K_v
ejwQ - ‡mBw`b `ycy‡i evmvi eviv›`v w`‡q ‡K ‡hb ‡`Š‡o
wfZ‡i Xy‡K wM‡qwQ‡jv| Avgiv fq ‡c‡q wM‡qwQjvg| UwgI
Zvi¯^‡i ‡ND ‡ND Ry‡o w`‡qwQ‡jv|
wKQy¶Y ci cvovi wKQy ‡Q‡j Avi ¯’vbxq hyeK‡`i GKUv `j
Avgvi evmvi mxgvbvi wfZ‡i Xy‡K ‡Mj| Zv‡`i D‡ËwRZ fw½
Avi nv‡Z ivg`v Avi ej¬g ai‡bi A¯¿ ‡`‡L ‡evbiv cÖ_g
wPrKvi ïi“ Ki‡jv - hyeK‡`i ‡_‡K ‡KD GKRb Avk¦vm
w`‡q Avgv‡`i wfZ‡i cvwV‡q w`‡jv| wfZ‡i wM‡q ‡`Ljvg
GKUv i“‡gi `iRv eÜ - gv Zvi mvg‡b e‡m ‡mjvB ‡gwk‡b
Kx ‡hb ‡mjvB Ki‡Q| Avgiv wKQyB eyS‡Z cviwQjvg bv
Avm‡j evmvi wfZ‡i Kx nw”Q‡jv|
Gi g‡a¨ cv‡ki evmvi wek¦we`¨vjq coyqv eo fvB wfZ‡i
Xy‡K ‡M‡jv| Dbv‡`i Aek¨ Avgv‡`i evmvq AevwiZ
cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wQ‡jv| Dwb wfZ‡i G‡m gvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z
PvB‡jv - ÔLvjv¤§v, evmvi wfZ‡i wK ‡Kvb ‡jvK Xy‡K‡Q?Õ gv
‡Kvb DËi bv w`‡q ïay Dbvi w`‡K GKevi ZvKv‡jv| gvi
ZvKv‡bvi fw½‡Z GKUv weiw³i fve dy‡U D‡VwQ‡jv| evB‡ii
N‡i AveŸv GKUv eB cowQ‡jb| Dwb Ggb fv‡e cowQ‡jb -
g‡b nw”Q‡jv RMZ msmv‡ii ‡_‡K Dwb wew”Qbœ| wKQy¶Y
†fZ‡i ‡_‡K hyeK‡`i `j wedj g‡b P‡j ‡M‡jv|
I‡`i P‡j hvevi ci AveŸv D‡V GKUv Rjš— Kycx evwZ wb‡q
eÜ NiUv‡Z ‡M‡jb| ZLb Ggwb‡ZB we`y¨‡Zi e¨e¯’v wQ‡jv
bv - ZvB GKUv Kywc evwZi Av‡jv‡Z evmvi me‡P‡q eo
Pv‡ji WÖvgUv Lyj‡jb| Avgiv AevK n‡q ‡`Ljvg wfZi ‡_‡K
GKUv RjR¨vš— gvbyl ‡ewi‡q Avm‡Q - Av‡i G‡Zv ‡ki Avjx
fvB‡qi evev, Gi wfZ‡i XyK‡jb wKfv‡e! WÖvg ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q
Dwb - AveŸv‡K D`©y‡Z wKQy ejwQ‡jb, hvi A_© Avgiv eyS‡Z
cvwiwb| Z‡e hv eyS‡Z cvijvg - AveŸv ‡mB i“gUv AvcvZZ
Dbvi R‡b¨ eivÏ K‡i w`‡jb| Avgv‡`i wKQyUv gb Lvivc
n‡jv - KviY GLb mevB‡K Ab¨ i“‡g Mv`vMvw` K‡i Nygv‡Z
n‡e |
2.
M‡íi GB ch©v‡q g‡b nq ‡ki Avjx fvB‡K cvV‡Ki mv‡_
cwiPq Kwi‡q ‡`Iqv `iKvi g‡b KiwQ| wQcwQ‡c Mo‡bi
DVwZ hyeK ‡ki Avjxi Mv‡qi is Kv‡jv| kv‡q¯—vMÄ ‡ij
K‡jvbxi ‡h w`KUvq _vKZvg - ‡mLv‡b ‡ijI‡qi GKUv
wbR¯^ GKUv iv¯—v Av‡Q - ‡mB iv¯—vi Aci cv‡k¦© ew¯—g‡Zv
GKUv GjvKvq K‡qKUv wenvix cwievi _vK‡Zv| G‡`i ‡KDB
‡ijI‡q‡Z PvKyix bv Ki‡jI KZ©…c‡¶i we‡kl we‡ePbvq
I‡`i ‡mLv‡b _vK‡Z ‡`Iqv n‡Zv| ‡mB ew¯—i ‡Q‡j ‡ki
Avjx fvB| nvWyWy ‡Ljvq we‡kl `¶Zvi Kvi‡Y Dwb wQ‡jb
‡ki Avjx| Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q GKRb wcÖq gvbyl wQ‡jb|
wQcwQ‡c kixi wb‡q hLb ÔWvKÕ w`‡q wec‡¶i mxgvbvq
‡h‡Zb - ZLb Avgiv ‡QvUiv RMZ msmv‡ii me‡P‡q Avbw›`Z
gvby‡l iƒcvš—wiZ nZvg - Kvib Rq wQ‡jv Avgv‡`iB| ‡ki
Avjxi Kvi‡Y Avgv‡`i cvov wQ‡jv nvWyWy‡Z P¨vw¤úqb|
ZvQvovI AveŸvi gvQ wkKvix `‡ji mnKvix wnmv‡e ‡ki Avjx
AveŸvi LyeB wcÖq wQ‡jv| kx‡Zi iv‡Z cvuP gvBj ‡nu‡U ‡Kvb
cyKy‡i Pviv (gv‡Qi R‡b¨ we‡kl Lvevi) ‡d‡j Avm‡Z n‡e -
‡ki Avjx GK ev‡K¨ ivwR n‡q ‡hZ|
hy× ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e ZLbI kv‡q¯—vM‡Ä cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©
hvqwb| QvÎ-hyeKiv wbwðZ hy‡×i AvksKvq cÖwZ‡iv‡ai R‡b¨
cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z _v‡K| ¸Re ‡kvbv ‡Mj, wenvix cvov ‡_‡K ‡mB
hy×cÖ¯—ywZi Lei I cÖ¯—ywZ MÖnYiZ QvÎ-hyeK‡`i bvgavg
Kywgj¬v K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U cvwV‡q‡Q| m‡›`nfvRb‡`i aivi R‡b¨
‡mB QvÎ-hyeK‡`i Awfhv‡bi mgq ‡ki Avjxi evev ‡`Š‡o
Avgv‡`i evmvq P‡j Av‡m Ges wbwðZ AvkÖq cvq| Zvici
‡_‡K K‡qKw`b Avgv‡`i evmvq jywK‡q wQ‡jv ‡ki Avjxi
evev| iv‡Z Avm‡Zv ‡ki Avjx Avi Ii ‡QvU fvB| wKQy¶Y
‡_‡K P‡j ‡h‡Zv| ‡mB mgq i“gwU‡Z Avgv‡`i cÖ‡ekvwaKvi
169
m~wPcÎ |
_vK‡Zv bv| Gfv‡e g‡b nq Pvi ev cvuP w`b AwZKªvš— n‡jv|
GKw`b ‡fv‡i ‰n ‰P ï‡b mevi Nyg ‡f‡O ‡Mj| †kvbv ‡Mj
wgwjUvix kvnRxevRvi ch©š— G‡m ‡M‡Q| `yB GKw`‡bi g‡a¨
kv‡q¯—vM‡Ä P‡j Avm‡e| GB Lei ï‡b cÖwZ‡iv‡ai R‡b¨ cÖ¯—
ywZ MÖnYiZ QvÎ-hye‡Ki `j ‡Kv_vq ‡hb nvwi‡q ‡Mj - (c‡i
ï‡bwQjvg fvi‡Z P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv gyw³evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡Z)|
‡mB my‡hv‡M ‡ki Avjxi evev w`‡bi Av‡jv‡Z ‡ewi‡q G‡jv|
‡ki Avjx Avm‡jv Zvi gv‡K wb‡q AveŸv‡K ïKwiqv Rvbv‡Z|
A‡bK KvbœvKvUv Ki‡jv| ‡ki Avjx K_v¸‡jvi ïay GKUv
jvBb g‡b Av‡QÑ ÔPvPv, Avgvi Pvgov w`‡q RyZv evwb‡q
Avcbvi cv‡q cwi‡q w`‡jI Avcbvi FY ‡kva n‡e bv|Õ GB
evK¨Uvi Kvh©Kvi‡Yi ‡¶‡Î GKUv A™¢~Z wPÎ - GKRb gvbyl
Zvi Pvgov wb‡”Q Avi Av‡iKRb RyZvi gvc w`‡”Q.......g‡b
nq ‡mB Kvi‡YB jvBbUv g‡b Av‡Q GLbI|
3.
Zvici Avwg© P‡j Avm‡jv| Avgiv ¯’vbvš—wiZ njvg| Ny‡i
‡eovjvg A‡bK AvkÖ‡q| Ae‡k‡l kv‡q¯—vM‡Äi evmvq
‡m‡Þ¤^‡ii w`‡K wd‡i Avmjvg| wb‡Ri Avev‡m wd‡i Avmvi
‡h Kx Avb›` - Zv GKUv ‡QvÆ gvbyl‡K wKfv‡e Av‡›`vwjZ
K‡i - Zv AvRI m‡ZR| nweMÄ ‡_‡K wi·vq cy‡iv cwievi
Avi jUeni wb‡q `ycy‡ii w`‡K evmvi mvg‡b bvwg| hLb
wUwf‡Z ‡Kvb ‡`‡ki DØv¯—y‡`i GK ¯’vb ‡_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b ‡h‡Z
‡`wL - ZLbB Avgv‡`i ‡mB wi·v åg‡Yi K_v GLb g‡b nq
| K‡qKUv ‡jc Avi ‡ZvlK, wKQy cwi‡aq e¯¿ Avi wKQy ivbœvi
‰ZRmcÎ wb‡q hLb evmvq ‡M‡Ui mvg‡b bvwg - nVvr K‡i
‡Kv_v ‡_‡K Uwg G‡m nvwRi| `xN© Qq gv‡mi DØv¯—y Rxe‡b
Uwgi K_v g‡b nq ‡KD GKeviI g‡b K‡iwb - Avwg ‡h
Kwiwb - ‡mBUv wbwðZ| wKš‘ Uwg Avgv‡`i †fv‡jwb| G‡mB
mevi Kv‡Q Qy‡U ‡Mj, MovMwo ‡Lj, bvbvb ai‡bi KyuBKyuB
aŸwb ‰Zwi Ki‡jv| Avgiv GKUy Av`i w`‡ZB my‡ev‡ai g‡Zv
evmvi wfZ‡i Xy‡K ‡Mj|
‡MU ‡cwi‡q LvwbKUv ‡Lvjv RvqMv, Zvici cvKv eviv›`vg‡Zv
wm‡g‡›Ui PvZvj| ‡mB ‡Lvjv RvqMvq Nvm MwR‡q Avgv‡`i
g‡Zv ‡QvU‡`i Mjvi mgvb DuPy n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡mB Nvm miv‡ZB
cvuKv U‡g‡Uvi MÜ, Nv‡mi wfZ‡i ‡`Ljvg kkv MvQ Avi
Zv‡Z cÖPyi kkv a‡i Av‡Q| wgwó Kygov Avi Pvj Kygovi
djbI ‡`Lv ‡Mj| R½‡j mvc _vK‡Z cv‡i e‡j AveŸv
mveavb K‡i w`‡jb| Uwg Av‡M Av‡M wM‡q ïu‡K ïu‡K
Avgv‡`i Avgv‡`i wbivcËv wbwðZ KiwQ‡jv| Avgiv ‡QvUiv
hLb GB cÖvK…wZK cÖvPyh¨© wb‡q e¨¯— - gv Avi eo ‡evbiv
evmvi wfZ‡i ‡h‡Z GwM‡q ‡Mj| nUvr gvi GKUv ZxeÖ
AvZ©bv` Avgv‡`i me Avb›`‡K ‡f‡O Lvb Lvb K‡i w`‡jv|
mevB ‡`Š‡o ‡Mjvg gvi Kv‡Q| wM‡q gv‡K wKQy wRÁvmv bv
K‡iB eyS‡Z cvwi, gv ‡Kb Ggbfv‡e Kvu`‡Qb| gvi
`xN©w`‡bi mvRv‡bv msmv‡ii wKQy cy‡iv‡bv Kvco Avi fv½v
wP‡bgvwUi _vjvevmb n‡q Dw”Qó Zjvbxi g‡Zv ‡g‡S‡Z c‡o
Av‡Q| evmvi gyj `iRv fv½v| GKUv KcvU A‡a©K n‡q Sy‡j
Av‡Q| ïay ‡g‡Si Dci wKQy Qwo‡q wQwU‡q c‡o _vKv Kvco
Avi evmb‡Kvmb Qvov - wfZ‡i cy‡ivUvB Lvwj| evmvi mvg‡b
AveŸvi m‡Li dyj evMvbUv cwiYZ n‡q‡Q weivU R½‡j Avi
Zvi ‡m R½‡ji wfZ‡i ‡`Lv hvw”Q‡jv wf‡R ‡gvUv n‡q hvIqv
AveŸvi wcÖq jvj eB¸‡jv|
welv‡`i GKUv Mfxi Kv‡jv Qvqv mevB‡K wN‡i ai‡jv| ïay
Avgv‡`i evmvq eo nIqv gwdR fvB ej‡jb - hv nB‡Q Zv
‡Zv Avi wdiv‡bv hv‡e bv| mevB wfZ‡i hvI, ‡`wL Kx Kiv
hvq| hvB ‡nvK we‡K‡ji g‡a¨ wKQy _vjv-evmb, weQvbv Avi
gkvwi ‡hvMvo n‡jv| ivw·Z ‡g‡Si Ici cvZv weQvbvq
Nywg‡q Avgvi bZyb Rxeb ïi“ n‡jv|
4.
kv‡q¯—vM‡Äi bZyb Rxe‡bi wØZxq w`‡bi Nyg fvO‡jv Uwgi
wPrKv‡i| wekÖxfv‡e ‰n‰P Ki‡Q Uwg| welqUv Kx? mKv‡j
‡Pvi Avm‡e ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K! AveŸv `iRv Ly‡j ‡ewi‡q ‡`‡L ‡ki
Avjx fxZ f½x‡Z `vwo‡q Av‡Q Avi Uwg ‡ND ‡ND K‡iB
hv‡”Q| AveŸv Uwg‡K _vgv‡jb| Avgiv AevK - ‡ki Avjx‡Zv
GB evmvq cwiwPZ Ges Uwg I‡K fvjfv‡e ‡P‡bI| AvR wK
n‡jv I ‡ki Avjx‡K Avm‡Z w`‡Z Pv‡”Q bv!
AveŸvi n¯—‡¶‡c Ae‡k‡l ‡ki Avjx eiv›`vq G‡m `vov‡jv|
AveŸv wfZ‡i Xy‡K ‡M‡j `iRvi dvuK w`‡q DwK w`‡q ‡`wL,
GKUv mv`v c¨v›U bx‡Pi w`‡K ¸Uv‡bv, mv`vkvU© Avi Mjvq
jvj i“gvj evuav ‡ki Avjx wei³ gy‡L `vwo‡q Av‡Q|
Avgv‡`i GKRb‡K ‡`‡L GKUv ‡`kjvB w`‡Z e‡j c¨v‡›Ui
c‡KU ‡_‡K GKUv wmMv‡i‡Ui c¨v‡KU ‡ei Ki‡jv| Avgiv
mevB ‡evKv n‡q ‡Mjvg , ‡evb‡`i GKRb ej‡jv - Ô†ki
Avgv‡`i evmvq wmMv‡iU Lv‡e!Õ Gi g‡a¨
AveŸv G‡m ‡M‡jb| evB‡i `vwo‡q wKQy¶Y K_v
e‡j ‡ki Avjx P‡j ‡Mj|
wfZ‡i G‡m AveŸv hv ej‡jb Zvi gg©v_© n‡jv - ‡ki Avjx‡`i
evmvq wKQy AvmevecÎ I ‰ZRmcÎ Av‡Q| ‡m¸‡jv ‡m wewKª
Ki‡Z Pvq| weKv‡j AveŸv ‡i‡ji K‡qKRb jvjkvU© cov
‡ijKywji mnvqZvq Avgv‡`i AvmevecÎ Avi ‰ZRm¸wj †ki
Avjxi ‡_‡K bM`g~‡j¨ wK‡b Avb‡jb| gRvi welq n‡jv -
GB meB Avgv‡`i evmvi wRwbm wQ‡jv|
iv‡Z ‡L‡Z e‡m AveŸv gv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡jb - Uwg ‡ki
Avjx‡K ‡`‡L ‰n ‰P K‡i D‡VwQ‡jv ‡K‡bv Rv‡bv? gv gv_v
‡b‡o ‡bwZevPK Reve w`‡j - AveŸv ej‡jb - ÔUwg cÖfyf³ I
K…ZÁ| ‡ki AvjxivB ‡h Avgv‡`i evmv jyU K‡i‡Q - Uwg Zvi
mv¶x|Õ
5.
GKmgq wW‡m¤^i gvm Avm‡jv| ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡jv| B‡Zvg‡a¨
Aek¨ Uwgi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i Av‡iKevi we‡”Q` N‡U| Avgiv
kv‡q¯—vMÄ ‡Q‡o A‡bKc_ Ny‡i MÖv‡gi evox gybkxM‡Ä P‡j
hvB| c‡i ‡deÖyqvwi gv‡m Avevi evmvq wdi‡j - h_vixwZ Uwg
Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m nvwRi| GB we‡”Q‡`i w`b¸‡jv wb‡q
UwgiI ‡hgb ‡Kvb weKvi wQj bv - wb‡e©va cÖvYxwUi K…ZÁZvi
cÖwZ Avgv‡`iI ‡Zgb åy‡¶c wQ‡jv bv| Uwg h_vixwZ evmvi
eviv›`vq _vKv ïi“ Ki‡jv| Avgiv bZyb ‡`‡k ¶Zwe¶Z
cwieviUv‡K wb‡q e¨¯— n‡q cojvg| Avgv‡`i ¯‹yj Ly‡j ‡Mj|
Avgv‡`i ‡Ljvi gv‡Vi Dci M‡o DVv ivRvKvi ‡UÖwbs K¨v¤ú
m‡i ‡Mj - Avgiv wbqwgZ ‡Ljv ïi“ Kijvg| wKš‘ iv¯—vi
Ic‡ii wenvix cvovUv Avi Av‡Mi g‡Zv _vK‡jv bv| `yB-
wZbUv cwievi Qvov evwK¸‡jv ‡Kv_vq ‡hb P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv|
‡KD ‡KD e‡j‡Q - kÖxg½‡j ‡iWKªm K¨v‡¤ú Iiv AvkÖq
wb‡qwQ‡jv| Gi g‡a¨ ‡ki Avjx I Zvi cwieviI _vK‡Z
cv‡i| ‡gvÏvK_v Zvici ‡ki Avjx Avi Ii evev‡K ‡Kvbw`b
‡`wLwb|
6.
gyw³hy× Avi Zvi cieZ©x mgq Avgv‡`i cwievi‡K A‡bK
PovB DrivB cvi n‡Z n‡q‡Q| ‡mB KwVb mg‡q Avgv‡`i
B”Qvq ‡nvK ev Awb”QvqB ‡nvK - Uwg Avgv‡`i mv‡_ wQ‡jv|
170
m~wPcÎ |
Avgv‡`i evmvi eviv›`vq ‡_‡K AZ›`Öcnixi
f~wgKv wb‡q‡Q| nq‡Zv ‡mB Kvi‡YB Uwg‡K
GKUv KwVb AvNvZ ‡c‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i
‡evbiv eo n‡q‡Q - Avi cvovi eLv‡U
‡Q‡j‡`i wbqwgZ nuvUvi iv¯—v wnmv‡e e¨eüZ
n‡Zv Avgv‡`i evmvi mvg‡bi iv¯—vUv| wKš‘
Uwgi Kvi‡Y ‡mB ‡ivwgI‡`i Kvwe¨K AvPiY
e¨vnZ n‡Zv nq‡Zv - ZvB GKw`b iv‡Î
‡`wL eviv›`vq i³ Avi Uwg GK‡Kv‡Y e‡m
KuyB KyuB K‡i Kvu`‡Q| Kv‡Q Av‡jv wb‡q
‡`wL Uwgi Mv‡q weivU GKUv ¶Z - ‡KD
GKRb `v w`‡q ‡Kvc w`‡q GKUv Mfxi
¶Z ‰Zix K‡i‡Q| Gw`‡K AveŸv LyeB
Amy¯’| Uwg‡K cï nvmcvZv‡j wb‡Z A‡bK
‡Póv Kwi| GKRb ‡QvU gvby‡li hv me‡P‡q
eo A¯¿ Zv n‡jv Kvbœv Avi Abk‡bi ûgwK
‡`Iqv - ZvB e¨envi K‡iwQ| Ae‡k‡l
AveŸvi Awd‡mi wcqb ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K wKQy
gjg Avi e¨‡ÛR G‡b Uwg‡K ‡WÖwms K‡i
w`‡qwQ‡jv| wKš‘ G‡Z ‡kl i¶v n‡jv bv|
Uwgi ¶Z¯’v‡b gvwQ emv ïi“ Ki‡jv| Uwg
mvivw`b Nywg‡q _vK‡Zv - LvIqv `vIqvI
‡Q‡oB w`‡qwQ‡jv| GKmgq cÖPÛ `yM©Ü
Qov‡bv ïi“ n‡jv Uwgi ¶Z ‡_‡K| Ii
mvg‡b hvIqvI KwVb n‡q ‡Mj|
7.
GKw`b ‡fv‡i D‡V Uwg‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡Mjvg|
wKš‘ nvq, Uwg KB? Ii KyÛjx cvwK‡q ï‡q
_vKvi RvqMvUv Lvwj| mvivw`b A‡c¶v
Kijvg| Uwg G‡jv bv| Gw`‡K AveŸvi
kixiI fxlY Lvivc n‡q ‡Mj| iv‡Zi ‡UÖ‡b
AveŸv‡K XvKv cvVv‡bv n‡e| mevB ‡mB
Av‡qvRb wb‡q e¨¯—| Uwgi g‡Zv c‡_i
KyKy‡ii R‡b¨ Kv‡iv GKUy mgqI ‡bB|
‡mBUvB ¯^vfvweK| iv‡Z hLb AveŸv‡K
‡UÖPv‡i K‡i ‡ei Kiv n‡”Q - myigv ‡gB‡j
DVv‡bv n‡e - ZLb AveŸv Avgv‡K
WvK‡jb| gy‡Li Lye Kv‡Q wM‡q AveŸvi K_v
ïb‡Z n‡jv - KviY Wv³vi K_v ej‡Z
wb‡la K‡i‡Q|
AveŸv Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb - Uwg wK wd‡i‡Q?
Avwg gv_v ‡b‡o bv ‡evaK Reve w`jvg|
AveŸv ej‡jb - ÔUwg Rxe‡bi ‡kl w`‡b Ii
K…ZÁZv Rvwb‡q ‡Mj| KviY Avgv‡`i
evmvq hw` I gviv ‡hZ Zv n‡j Avgv‡`i
Kó n‡Zv| ‡mB KóUv ‡_‡K Avgv‡`i
evuPv‡Z `~‡i wM‡q gviv ‡M‡Q|Õ
Avgvi wfZi ‡_‡K GKUv Kvbœv G‡m
Avgv‡K cÖPÛ av°vq ‡hb Avgv‡K SuvKzwb
w`‡qwQ‡jv| Avwg D”P¯^‡i ‡Ku‡` DV‡j
mevB a‡i Avgv‡K Avevi ‡UÖPvi ‡_‡K
mwi‡qwQ‡jv|
‡mB w`bUv wQj 1972 mv‡ji 15 wW‡m¤^i|
c‡ii w`b 16 wW‡m¤^i - gy³ ¯^vaxb
cwi‡e‡k cÖ_g weRq w`em cvwjZ n‡jv|
`vi“Y Avb‡›`i cwi‡ek Pvwiw`‡K| wKš‘
Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii wQ‡jv Mfxi AÜKvi
Avi AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi hvÎv ïi“ w`b|
Avgiv kswKZ wQjvg - AveŸv wK KLbI my¯’
n‡q wd‡i Avm‡eb? msmv‡ii GKgvÎ
DcvR©¶g gvbylwU hw` wd‡i bv Av‡m
Avgv‡`i R‡b¨ fwel¨‡Zi mgq¸‡jv ‡Kgb
n‡e? fvewQjvg - hw` hy×Uv bv n‡Zv - Z‡e
wK Avgv‡`i KwVb Ae¯’vq co‡Z n‡Zv?
GB iK‡gi nvRv‡iv `ywðš—v gb‡K welYœ
K‡i ‡d‡jwQ‡jv| Ab¨w`‡K Uwgi Aš—a©v‡b
Avgv‡`i evmvqI GKUv k~b¨Zv m…wó n‡q
wQ‡jv| GB me AwbðqZv Avi k~b¨Zv‡K
gv_vq wb‡q mvivw`b iv¯—vq iv¯—vq Ny‡i
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AÜKvi g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡jv - evmvq wdi‡Z
n‡e| Ae‡k‡l AÜKvi‡K fq ‡c‡q wd‡i
Gjvg welv`gq evmvq - ‡hLv‡b Uwg ‡bB -
AveŸvI ‡bB|
1 Ryb 2008
ivRvKvi-Avje`i‡`i cÖwZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wjd‡jU
G‡mv gyw³i I b¨v‡qi msMÖv‡g...
‡mÖd Av`wk©K Kvi‡Y| wKsev nq‡Zv cwiw¯’wZi Pv‡cB| 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy×Kv‡j gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
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RvwZMZfv‡e ZvivI evOvjx| evsjviB R‡j-nvIqvq ‡e‡o IVv| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i gv_vq e¨vcviUv
wQj| ZvB hyׇk‡l e½eÜyi mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi Av‡M Zv‡`i Zi‡dB AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡qwQj
Gme NvZK-`vjvj‡`i| K…ZK‡g© AbyZß n‡q Zviv ‡hb we‡e‡Ki WvK ‡kv‡b|
wKš‘ ‡K ‡kv‡b! hv‡nvK, gyw³hy‡×i 6 b¤^i ‡m±‡ii `wjjc‡Î cvIqv ‡M‡Q GKwU wjd‡jU| G‡Z
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n‡qwQj, Zv wQj GiKg :
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m¤ú~Y© civwRZ wbwðý K‡i gy³ Ki‡Z n‡e ‡mvbvi evsjv‡`k| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b ‡Zvgv‡`i
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Dc‡i wbh©vZb gyL ey‡R ‡g‡b wb‡Z Ges GB Ab¨vq Kv‡h© kÎyi mnvqZv Ki‡Z ‡Zvgv‡`i wK j¾v
K‡i bv?
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gyw³ evwnbxi exi ‰mwbK| ‡ZvgivI gyw³ evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡q ‡`‡ki I Rbmvavi‡Yi ‡mev K‡i
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gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri nv‡Z ïay GB iYv½‡b| ‡ckv`vi Svby `vjvj‡`i Avgiv ¶gv Kwi bv, wKš‘ ‡hmKj
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Avgv‡`i c‡¶| we‡k¦i mKj mr I b¨vqevb gvbyl Avgv‡`i c‡¶, KviY Avgv‡`i msMÖvg b¨v‡qi
msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg I Ab¨v‡qi wei“‡× wbh©vwZ‡Zi msMÖvg| cig Ki“Yvgq Avj¬vnZvqvjv b¨vq
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ZvwiLUv mn ejv ‡h‡Zv| Avgv‡`i gvae`x GjvKvq hy‡×
wjß Av‡Q K‡qKUv gyw³‡mbvi Mªyc| ‡Zgwb GK Mªy‡ci
KgvÛvi Av‡bvqvi| fxlY mvnmx Avi wbwf©K| AvjMx
bvgK MÖv‡g GK Acv‡ik‡b Av‡m| GB AvjMx MÖv‡gi
Ae¯’vb gvae`x evRvi ‡_‡K Lye ‡ewk `~‡i bq| gvae`x
evRv‡i Acv‡ikb Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Kv›`vcvov Avi AvjMx
MÖv‡gi Ae¯’vb we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wQ‡jv|
byivjvcyi n‡q Av‡bvqv‡ii Mªyc AvjMx fyuBqv evwo‡Z
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dvuKv ZLb| AvjMx MÖv‡g ZLb BZ¯—Z ‡SuvcSvo Avi
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Av‡MB evwowU wZbw`K ‡_‡K wN‡i ‡d‡j cvK ‡mbviv|
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N‡i N‡i Zj¬vwk nq| cvIqv hvq hy‡×i bvbv miÄvg|
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GKevi e‡j, "Avc‡b bv Avgvi PvP‡Zv fvB...! Avc‡b
GB Rvwjg‡Mv nqv Avgv‡i gv‡iv‡bi jvBM¨v jBqv
hvBZv‡Qb, ikx` fvB? An‡bv mgq Av‡Q Avgiv B”Qv
Ki‡jB G‡Mv‡i k¨vl KBiv w`Zvg cvwi...|" ivRvKvi
ikx` ZLb Av‡bvqvi‡K agK w`‡q e‡j, "‡`‡ki j‡M
MvÏvix KiQm ZyB| Gnb ‡Zv‡i gvqv KBiv Avwg gigy
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cv‡eb| RvqMvUvi bvg evMevwo| ‡jvKvj ev‡mi GLv‡b
GKUv ÷‡cR Av‡Q, "ikx` ivRvKv‡ii evwo"|
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31 ‡k gvP©, 2007
jvk wN‡i kKy‡bi
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Kvi‡Y nq‡Zv KLbI ‡KD ‡Zgb cÖwZev`x, D”Qj PwiÎ
cvqwb| A_©vr Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Avgv‡`i cÖ_g ‡Rbv‡ik‡bi
g‡a¨ ‡Zgb ‡`Lv hvqwb| Gi e¨wZKªg wQ‡jb Avgvi ‡gR
PvPv| Dwb evwoi GK‡Nu‡qwgi g‡a¨ A‡bK mgqB bZyb wKQy
Ki‡Zb, ‡Kvb Ab¨vq ‡`L‡j Dwb cÖwZev` Ki‡Zb| `v`vi
K_vi Ic‡i ‡KD ‡Kvb K_v ej‡Z mvnm bv ‡c‡jI ‡gR
PvPv A‡bK mgq GwM‡q ‡h‡Zb| eo cwiev‡ii g‡a¨
A‡c¶vK…Z Avw_©Kfv‡e A¯^”Qj m`m¨‡`i e¨vcv‡i wZwb
memgq ‡Lqvj ivL‡Zb| ‡`‡ki `w¶Yv‡j 1970 mv‡ji
fqven c¬ve‡bi mgq N‡ii cÖvq mewKQy wZwb Îv‡Yi Rb¨
w`‡q ‡`b| Avgvi ‡gR PvPvi gZb gvbyl ‡`‡k weij bq
Aek¨B, wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cwiev‡i Dwb wQ‡jb e¨wZKªg|
‡gR PvPv cÂv‡ki `k‡Ki cÖ_gw`‡K GgGmwm dvBbvj
‡`qvi ciciB cvwK¯—vb wegvbevwnbx‡Z Awdmvi c‡` ‡hvM
w`‡q ZrKvjxb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b P‡j hvb| Lye m¤¢eZ cÖvq
16eQi cvwK¯—vb wegvbevwnbx‡Z PvKwi K‡ib| cvwK¯—vwb‡`i
‰elg¨ Lye m¤¢eZ Zvi Kv‡Q ‡k‡li w`‡K Amn¨ n‡q
D‡VwQj| d¬vBU ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U c‡` _vKvKvjxb PvPv ‡¯^”Qv
Aem‡i hvb Ges RxweKv wbe©v‡ni Rb¨ ZrKvjxb Iqvc`v‡Z
KvR ‡bb| 7B gv‡P©i e½eÜyi Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡b wb‡`©‡ki
Av‡jv‡K cÖv³b ‡mbvevwnbxi Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨‡`i mv‡_ Avgvi
‡gR PvPv knx` wgbv‡i Ges c‡i evqZyj ‡gvKviig cÖv½‡b
kc_ ‡bb evOvjxi ¯^vaxbZv Av`v‡qi cÖZ¨¶ msMÖv‡g cÖ¯—yZ
nevi| 71G PvPv wQ‡jb wmw×iMÄ cvIqvi ‡÷k‡b Kg©iZ|
‡mLv‡b ¯’vbxq kÖwgK Kg©Pvix‡`i cÖv_wgK mvgwiK ‡UÖwbs-G
mnvqZv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| G ch©v‡q cvwK¯—vbx Kg©KZ©v Ges
‡mLvbKvi GK ‡RwmI-Gi mv‡_ Zvi ePmvI nq|
Gici 25‡k gvP© 1971| ¯^vaxbZvKvgx wegvbewnbxi cÖv³b
Kg©KZ©v wnmv‡e Kg©¯’jmn cÖvq mviv ‡`k Zvi Rb¨ wec¾bK
n‡q c‡o| wZwb Zvi `yB Kb¨v Avi ¯¿x‡K ‡`‡k ‡i‡L fvi‡Z
cvwo ‡`evi gbw¯’i K‡ib| hvevi c‡_ ‰cZ…K evwo‡Z
Amnvq Ae¯’vq Zvi `yB fvB‡qi (Avgvi ‡QvU `yB PvPv)
GKUv e¨e¯’v Kivi Rb¨ eû ‡K¬k ¯^xKvi K‡i cÖvq ‡nu‡U
GwcÖ‡ji cÖ_g mßv‡n Kywóqv‡Z ‡cŠ‡Qb| Kywóqv ZL‡bv
cvwK¯—vbx‡`i `L‡j Av‡mwb| Z‡e Kywóqv cZ‡bi j‡¶¨
Pvwiw`K w`‡q muvovwk AvKªgY Kivi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©
R‡ov n‡Z _v‡K| Kywóqvi cÖwZ cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Av‡Kªvk cÖej
wQj K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y| Kywóqvi GKwU MÖv‡g (‰e`¨bv_Zjv)
AvbyôvwbKfv‡e gywRebMi miKvi ‡NvlYv, gyw³evwnbx
Kywóqv‡K GwcÖ‡ji gvSvgvwS ch©š— gy³vÂj wnmv‡e i¶v K‡i
Ges mvgwiK AwfhvbKv‡j Zviv Kywóqvq cvwK¯’vbx evwnbxi
‡ek wKQy mvgwiK I ‡emvgwiK m`m¨‡`i nZ¨v K‡iwQj| Gi
mewKQyB cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbx AewnZ wQj| d‡j cÖPÛ
Av‡Kªv‡k cÖvYx Ges m¤ú` mewKQy aŸsm Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Zviv
kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i, hv‡K e‡j Ô‡cvovgvwU bxwZÕ| 14 Ges
15B GwcÖj ‡_‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Z`vwi‡Ki kn‡ii mvaviY
RbZv kni ‡Q‡o MÖvg Ges fvi‡Zi w`‡K P‡j ‡h‡Z _v‡K
Ges 16B GwcÖj cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx cÖPÛ aŸsmhÁ Pvjv‡Z
Pvjv‡Z kn‡ii XyK‡Z ïi“ K‡i|
Avgvi ‡gR PvPv Lye m¤¢eZ GwcÖ‡ji 10/12 Zvwi‡L
Kywóqv‡Z ‡cŠ‡Qb, Zvi cwiKíbv wQj ‡QvU fvB `yRb‡K
mv‡_ wb‡q fvi‡Zi c‡_ iIbv †`‡eb A_ev fvB `yRb‡K
Av‡M cvwV‡q w`‡q, wZwb cwiw¯’wZ ey‡S c‡i hv‡eb|
16 GwcÖj 1971 Kywóqv kn‡ii cZb n‡jv| cvKevwnbx
kn‡i KviwdD w`‡q Zv‡`i mvM‡i‡`i wb‡q nZ¨vhÁ ïi“
K‡i| GB mgq Lye m¤¢eZ Avgvi PvPv cwiw¯’wZ A‡c¶vK…Z
kvš— ev KviwdDi weiwZi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQ‡jb| wZwb Zvi
‰cZ…K evwo‡Z e‡m cÖwZ‡ekx GK e…× e¨emvqx I Ab¨
GKR‡bi (mgeqmx eÜymg) mv‡_ ‡`‡ki Ae¯’v wb‡q
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb| Gic‡ii NUbv Lye `ª“Z Ges ‡m
mg‡qi Rb¨ mvaviY| cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbviv Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z
G‡m ‡cuŠQvq| `iRvq jvw_ gvivi mv‡_ mv‡_ wZwb (Avgvi
‡gR PvPv) `iRv Ly‡j ‡`b| nvbv`viiv cwiPq wRÁvmv Kivq
wZwb wb‡Ri cwiPq ‡`b| cwiPq cvIqvi ci cÖv³b evOvjx
mvgwiK Kg©KZ©v wnmv‡e Iiv wbðq ‡f‡ewQj fvj wkKviB
cvIqv ‡M‡Q| Zv‡Kmn Zvi m½x‡`i (e…× e¨emvqx I eÜy)
evwoi Avw½bvq `uvo Kwi‡q ¸wj K‡i nvbv`viiv| Avgvi ‡gR
PvPvi i‡³ iwÄZ n‡jv ‰cZ…K wfUv| PvPv Ges e…× e¨emvqx
knx` n‡jb| eÜywU ‡eu‡P ‡M‡jb (?)| nvbv`viiv evwo‡Z
Xy‡K evwo‡Z Av¸b awi‡q ‡`q| Zv‡`i jvk mgvwa¯’ Kivi
my‡hvM Avi nqwb|
GB NUbvi cÖZ¨¶`k©x wnmv‡e Avgvi PvPvi ‡mB eÜywUi KvQ
‡_‡K ‡mB mg‡qi NUbvi weeiY Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi| wZwb
Ges Zvi cwiev‡ii AwaKvsk m`m¨iv ZrKvjxb mg‡q
Kywóqvi Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi cÖfvekvjx ‡bZv wQ‡jb, GLbI
Av‡Qb| GW‡fv‡KUmg…× GB cwiev‡ii GKRb m`m¨
ZrKvjxb gv‡jK gwš¿mfvi gš¿x n‡qwQ‡jb| Avgvi PvPvi
nZ¨vKvjxb mg‡qi cÖZ¨¶`k©x, Avðh©RbK ‡eu‡P hvIqv
m½xwU XvKvq G‡m Avgv‡`‡K ‡mB Ki“Y mg‡qi eY©bv ‡`b|
Zvi fvl¨g‡Z, Zv‡`i wZbRb‡K (‡m, Avgvi PvPv Avi e…×
e¨emvqx) evwoi Avw½bvq `uvo Kivq nvbv`viiv| G mgq
Avgvi PvPvi mv‡_ ‡mbv`‡ji ‡Kvb Awdmv‡ii evKweZÛv
PjwQj| GK ch©v‡q wZbR‡bi w`‡K Lye ¯^í`~i‡Z¡ ¸wj
‡Quv‡o GKvwaKevi, ‡eq‡bUI PvR© K‡i Zviv| wKš‘ GB
RvgvwZ GW‡fv‡KU eÜywU ‡mB mwܶ‡b AÁvb n‡q c‡o
‡h‡q A¶Z Ae¯’vq ‡eu‡P hvq| cieZ©x‡Z hLb Zvi Ávb
wd‡i Av‡m ‡m wb‡R‡K `ywU jv‡ki cv‡k Avwe®‹vi K‡i Ges
Av¸‡b cÖ¾¡wjZ wbR©b evwo ‡_‡K ‡m Aa©g…Z Ae¯’vq cvwj‡q
Av‡m| Gme NUbv hLb ‡m eY©bv w`w”Qj ZLb m`¨ weaev
Avgvi PvPx j¶¨ K‡ib ‡h, Zvi g…Z ¯^vgxi NwowU RvgvwZ
GW‡fv‡KUwUi nv‡Z ‡kvfv cv‡”Q| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gvSvgvwS
ch©vq, cÖPÛ ¶gZv ZLb Zv‡`i| ZviciI welqwU Zvi
‡MvP‡i Av‡bb Avgvi evev, wbZvš— eva¨ n‡q| KviY GB
¯§…wZwPýwU wQj Avgvi PvPvi cwiev‡ii Rb¨ g~j¨evb| Zvi
(RvgvZx GW‡fv‡KU) fvl¨ Abyhvqx, ¯§…wZwPý wnmv‡eB ‡m
Avgvi PvPvi jv‡ki nvZ ‡_‡K Ly‡j ‡i‡LwQj| hv ‡nvK, c‡i
‡m PvPvi GB NwowU ‡diZ ‡`q| Gi ‡ek wKQyw`b ci
Avgv‡`i Avi GK cÖwZ‡ekx (Avgv‡`i evwoi wbKU¯’
emevmKvix) Rvbvq ‡h, 16B GwcÖj Kywóqv cZ‡bi mgq,
cÖPÛ MÛ‡Mv‡ji gyû‡Z© Kywóqv kni ‡_‡K cvjv‡Z e¨_© n‡q
kn‡i ‡_‡K hvq, H NUbvi gyn~‡Z© ‡m AevK n‡q j¶¨ K‡i
‡h, wewkó RvgvwZ GW‡fv‡KUwU cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbv`j‡K mv‡_
wb‡q Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z XyK‡Q| ‡hLv‡b ‡gR PvPv Ges ‡mB
e…× e¨emvqx A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb kn‡ii cwiw¯’wZ kvš— nevi|
174
m~wPcÎ |
evevi gy‡L †kvbv gyw³hy×
Avn‡g` kvidyÏxb
GKvˇi Avgvi evev wQ‡jb PÆMÖvg wmwU K‡j‡Ri
GKRb gyw³cvMj QvÎ| 20/21 eQ‡ii ZvMov hyeK|
wgwUs wgwQ‡j wQj ¯^Ztù~Z© Avùvjb| i³Siv
w`b¸wji ïi“‡ZB bvoxi Uv‡b Qy‡U wM‡qwQ‡jb MÖv‡g|
eZ©gv‡b K·evRvi ‡Rjvi ivgy _vbvi C`Mo bv‡gi
GK AL¨vZ MÖvg| ‡mB mgqKvi cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg| mviv
‡`‡k R¡jwQj gyw³hy‡×i ‡jwjnvb wkLv| evev I
K‡qKRb eÜy wVK Ki‡jb hy‡× hv‡eb| iv‡Zi ‡ejv
cvovq cvovq Ny‡i ‡Rvqvb ‡Q‡j‡`i hy‡× hvIqvi WvK
w`w”Q‡jb| Zv‡`i GB KvR mn¨ nqwb wKQy KyËvi|
Mfxi iv‡Z evevi GK `~i m¤ú‡K©i AvZ¥xq G‡m Lei
w`j ivRvKvi Avi cvÄvexiv Avm‡Q Dbv‡`i aivi
Rb¨| ‡mB iv‡ZB Avgvi evev, Kv‡kg Avs‡Kj, byi“j
Bmjvg evsMvjx (gyw³hy‡× `y`©vš— f~wgKvi Kvi‡Y
GZ`A‡ji ‡jvKR‡bi Kv‡Q wZwb evsMvjx e‡j ‡ewk
cwiwPZ), wmivR Wv. evwo ‡Q‡o cvwj‡q P‡j Av‡mb
ev›`iev‡b| bvg ‡jLvb gyw³evwnbx‡Z, kc_ wb‡qwQ‡jb
evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb Kivi| cÖvq GKgvm ‡UÖwbs ‡bqvi c‡i
GK iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Dbviv wd‡i AvmwQ‡jb MÖv‡g,
`v`xi KvQ ‡_‡K we`vq wb‡Z| ‡mB iv‡Z `v`x bvwK
wejvc K‡i wPrKvi K‡i †Ku‡`‡K‡U wbïwZ iv‡Zi
Avmgvb Rwgb GK KiwQ‡jb|
gyw³evwnbx NvuwU MvowQj Kv‡jv cvnvo bv‡gi Mnxb
Ai‡Y¨ Qb‡Lvjvi wfZ‡i| hy× KiwQ‡jb C`Mvn,
C`Mo, DwLqv, WyjvnvRviv I ivgy‡Z| Ai‡b¨i gM,
gyis ev PvKgviv ZL‡bv Rv‡bbv hy× Kx| ïay Rv‡b 15-
20 R‡bi GKUv `j cvÄvex gvivi Rb¨ ‡divix
n‡q‡Q| gyisiv gyw³evwnbxi LvIqv `vIqv mewKQyi
e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q w`‡qwQj|
gyw³evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb K‡qKRb gyi“s hyeKI|
evevi fvlvq, mP‡¶ ‡`Lv i³¶qx hy× n‡qwQj C`Mvn&
evm ‡÷k‡bi cv‡k ‡QvÆ ‡jvnvi eÖxRUv‡Z| evm
‡÷kbUv K·evRvi kni ‡_‡K 25 wK.wg. Av‡M| Lei
Av‡m, K·evRv‡i cvwK wgwjUvixi GKUv `j Avm‡Q
Avi C`Mvn‡Z wQj cvwK‡`i `ye©j wW‡dÝ| gyw³evwn-
bxi Kv‡Q ch©vß ‡Mvjv evi“` wQj bv| cvnvwo gyis‡`i
cvVv‡bv nj MÖv‡g| MÖvgevmx Zv‡`i ‡Piv‡Mi ‡klwe›`y
‡K‡ivwmbUyKy ‡X‡j w`‡jv WÖv‡g, gyw` ‡`vKvwbiv w`j
Zv‡`i ‡`vKv‡bi me ‡K‡ivwmb| MÖv‡g bv nq Avi
‡Kvbw`b ‡PivM-B R¡j‡e bv!!! eÜ nj K‡qKUv MÖv‡gi
wW‡RjPvwjZ ivBmwgj| Avgvi `v`x w`‡jb mviv
eQ‡ii ‡LvivK 200 Avwo avb ‡ePv UvKv|
m~h© Wye‡ZB PviUv ‡bŠKv wb‡q gyw³evwnbx iIqvbv
n‡jv| mviv ivZ ‡bŠKv Pjj fvwU‡Z, C`Mo ‡_‡K
C`Mvn, Mš—e¨-C`Mvn& eÖxR| ‡fvi n‡Z Av‡iv ‡`wi
wQj| ‡jvnvi eÖx‡Ri Kv‡Vi cvUvZ‡b Kvq`v K‡i
weQv‡bv nj K‡qKkZ P‡Ui e¯—v| GKRb D‡V ‡Mj
weivU GK ‡gnMwb Mv‡Qi AvMvq| eÖx‡Ri `yB gv_vq
gyw³evwnbxi `yBUv `j e‡m Av‡Q, KLb Avm‡e nv‡qbvi
`j? KLb ‡gnMwb Mv‡Qi Dci ‡_‡K Zv‡`i w`‡K UP©
‡g‡i ms‡KZ ‡`qv n‡e?? Ae‡k‡l wgwjUvwi‡`i Avmvi
msev` cvIqv †Mj, Mv‡Qi Ici ‡_‡K UP© gviv nj,
eÖx‡Ri Dc‡i ‡X‡j ‡`qv nj WÖv‡g WÖv‡g ‡K‡ivwmb| nu¨v
, wgwjUvwii `yBUv UÖvK D‡V ‡M‡Q eÖx‡R| eÖx‡Ri `yB
gv_v ‡_‡K GKB mv‡_ jvwM‡q ‡`qv nj Av¸b| iv‡Zi
Kv‡jv AvKvk jvj nj, cÖPÛ hy× nj| ‡eiwmK Av¸b
Avi `yB w`K ‡_‡K gyw³evwnbxi AvKªgY! 20-25 Rb
gyw³ ‡mbvi nv‡Z wkqvj KyËvi gZ gij 5/6 WRb
cvBK¨v ÔnvBIq¨vbÕ|
ÔA - gv - ‡iÕÑ MMbwe`vix AvZ©wPrKv‡i mevB wcQ‡b
wd‡i G‡jb| nv‡qbvi ey‡jU weu‡a‡Q kvwš—i cvqivi
ey‡K! i‡³ jvj n‡jv C`Mvn& Lvj| ‡fv‡ii cÖ_g
Av‡jvq AÜKv‡i w¯—wgZ nj `ywU ‡PvL, ey‡Ki gvwbK
nviv‡jb GK gyi“s gvZv| i³ w`‡q ‡jLv gyw³hy‡×i
BwZnv‡mi GK AwjwLZ ‰mwbK n‡q ‡M‡jb g‡½vjxq
eskavivi GK Avw`evmx gyis hyeK|
10 GwcÖj 2008
weòywcÖqv gwYcyix †hv×v
knx` wMix›`Ö wmsn
Ky½ _vO
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× evOvwj QvovI Ab¨vb¨ RvwZmËvi
mwKªq AskMÖnY wQj A‡b‡KB welqUv cÖvq f~‡j _vK‡Z
Pvb| d‡j BwZnv‡mi cvZv ‡_‡K ev` c‡o hvq Zviv|
wnmve-wbKvk bv K‡i ‡Kej Ab¨v‡qi wei“‡× jovB Kivi
Rb¨ ¶y`Ö RvwZmËvi gvbyl Kxfv‡e RxebevwR ‡i‡L
Svuwc‡q c‡owQj, BwZnv‡mi cvZv ‡_‡K ev` c‡o hvq
‡mB cwi‡”Q`|
G iKgB GK knx‡`i bvg wMix›`Ö wmsn| RvwZMZ
cwiP‡q gwYcyix weòywcÖqv Avw`evmx m¤cÖ`vqf~³| Rb¥
Zvi 1930 mv‡j ZrKvjxb ‡gŠjfxevRvi gnKygvi
KgjM‡Äi gvaecy‡i AvD‡jwK MÖv‡g|
gwbcyix MÖv‡gi ‡cQ‡b b`x msjMœ k¥kvbNvU ‡_‡K
cvKevwnbx I Zv‡`i ‡`vmi‡`i mv‡_ ‡h hy× ïi“ n‡qwQj,
Zvi msMVb I ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wQ‡jb wMix›`Ö| mvaviY A¯¿ jvwV,
ek©v Ges Av‡iv bvbvb cÖvPxb A¯¿‡K m¤^j K‡i cwiPvwjZ
nq GB jovB| i‡³ jvj nq ajvB b`xi cvwb| 1971
mv‡ji AvM‡ói 12 Zvwi‡L nvbv`viiv gwYcyix weòywcÖqv
mgv‡Ri cy‡ivwnZ mve©‡fŠg kg©v‡K ‡MÖdZvi K‡i wb‡q
¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡d‡j| Gici dyu‡m D‡V wMix‡›`Öi ‡bZ…‡Z¡
weòywcÖqv gwYcyix mgv‡Ri Zi“Y m¤cÖ`vq| gyw³evwnbx‡Z
gwYcyix ‡hv×v‡`i msL¨v evo‡Z _v‡K| evey‡mYv wmsn,
_Bev wmsn, wbgvB wmsn, evmš—x wmsn, emš—Kygvi wmsn,
cÙv‡mb wmsn, iex›`Ö wmsn, Avb›` wmsn, gš¿x wmsn,
bxjgwY P¨vUvwR©mn AmsL¨ exi Zi“Y RxebevwR ‡i‡L
gvZ…f~wg i¶vi hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡ob| ‡KD A¯¿ nv‡Z, ‡KD
msev`evnK wnmv‡e, ‡KD ev msMV‡Ki f~wgKvq, Avi
wMix›`Ö wQ‡jb Zv‡`i ga¨gwY|
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥h‡Ái Ab¨Zg GB KvwiM‡ii
cwievi I DËim~ixiv ‡KD AvR ch©š— iv‡óªi KvQ ‡_‡K
‡Kvb AvbyK‚j¨ cvqwb, KviY wMix›`Ö‡K Z_vKw_Z
gyw³‡hv×v mvwUwd‡KU ev c`K w`‡q Rv‡Z ‡Zvjv nqwb!
K‡qK eQi Av‡M ¯’vbxq D‡`¨v‡M wkeevRv‡ii gwYcyix
jwjZKjv GKv‡Wgx cÖv½‡b knx` wMix›`Ö wms‡ni GKwU
¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| AfvewK¬ó wMix‡›`Öi
DËim~ixiv ‡mB ¯§…wZ¯—‡¤¢i w`‡K ZvwK‡q cvIqv b~¨bZg
mvš—¡bvq iv‡óªi D`vmxbZv‡K †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ‡g‡b wb‡Z
cv‡i bv|
9 gvP© 2008 175
m~wPcÎ |
'71 Gi eywo : mvaviY wKQy gvby‡li Mí
dvinvb `vD`
GKUv Mí ‡kvbvB| mvaviY Mí, ‡QvÆ Mí| eY©bvi iOP‡O
nq‡Zv AmvaviY n‡q DV‡Z cviZ, wKš‘ mv`vKv‡jv mwZ¨
NUbvi ‡Quov As‡k i‡Oi cÖ‡jc w`‡q ‡mUv‡K Avi
wK¤¢~ZwKgvKvi K‡i Zyj‡Z PvB bv| Mí hy‡×i, Z‡e exiZ¡,
bvUKxqZv, bvqK-bvwqKv, K¬vBg¨v· Av‡Q wKbv wePvi Ki‡Z
cvwiwb| mgqUv Lye cwiwPZ 1971| gvm, g‡b ‡bB, KviY
K_K ‡`evwkl `v'iI g‡b wQj bv, wZwb Avevi ï‡bwQ‡jb
‡Kvb GK gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛv‡ii Kv‡Q, ‡h ‡hv×v GB M‡íi
AvcvZ bvqK|
¯’vbUv fvjyKvi KvQvKvwQ ‡Kv_vI| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡QvÆ GKUv
`‡ji `vwqZ¡ ‡mLvbKvi GKUv weÖR Dwo‡q ‡`qv| KviY?
KviY cvKevwnbx ‡ek eomo GKUv `j Avi mvu‡Rvqv eni
wb‡q G‡Mv‡”Q weÖ‡Ri Icv‡i K¨v¤ú ‡dj‡e e‡j, Iw`‡Ki
gyw³evwnbx‡K wbg©~j KivB hvi D‡Ïk¨| Kv‡RB ‡VKv‡Z
n‡eB, ‡hfv‡eB ‡nvK|
mewKQy ‡`‡Lï‡b ‡iwK K‡i weÖR Dov‡bvi cwiKíbv Kiv n‡q
‡Mj| ‡h iv‡Z cvKevwnbx Avm‡e, Zvi ‡ek LvwbK Av‡M
G‡m weÖ‡R wWbvgvBU cvZvi KvR ‡kl| B”Qv, cvKevwnbxi
‡gvUvgywU ‡ewkifvM AskUv weÖ‡R DV‡j ‡mUv Dwo‡q ‡`qv
n‡e, ¶q¶wZ hZUv ‡ewk nq Avi wK| ivZ Mfxi n‡”Q,
‡Q‡jiv IuZ ‡c‡Z e‡m ‡_‡K gkvi Kvg‡o wei³ n‡q hv‡”Q,
gv_v‡gvUv¸‡jvi ‡`Lv ‡bB| ‡gvUvgywU A‰ah¨© n‡q ‡M‡Q hLb
mevB, fvwi Mvwoi kã ‡kvbv ‡Mj| ‡evSv ‡Mj, gnvRbiv
Avm‡Q| mevB hvi hvi RvqMv wb‡q ‰Zwi| Av‡¯— Av‡¯— cy‡iv
eniUv ‡`Lv ‡Mj, ‡ek eo| `ª“Z wVK Kiv n‡q ‡Mj, cÖ_g
mvu‡Rvqv MvwoUv weÖ‡Ri gvSLvbUv cvi n‡jB weÖRUv Dwo‡q
‡`qv n‡e| wKš‘ cÖ_g MvwoUv hLb weÖ‡Ri Kv‡Q P‡j
G‡m‡Q,ZLwb jvM‡jv ‡Mvjgvj| nVvZ K‡iB ‡¶‡Zi
gvSLvb ‡_‡K GK eywo D`q nj, Avi n‡jv ‡Zv n‡jv, iv¯—v
cvi n‡q Ab¨w`‡K hvevi e`‡j ‡mvRv weÖ‡Ri Dci DV‡jv|
GBev‡i mevi gv_vq nvZ| Mvwo¸‡jvI weÖ‡Ri Lye Kv‡Q P‡j
G‡m‡Q| Gw`‡K _yo_y‡o eywo ‡`‡LB wKbv cvKevwnbxI
eywo‡K bv _vwg‡q ‡h‡Z w`‡”Q| Gw`‡K Hcv‡i Pvcv Mjvq
ZK© ïi“ n‡q ‡M‡Q, Kx Kiv hvq Zv wb‡q| KviY eywoi ‡h
nuvUvi MwZ Avi fve, Zv‡Z ‡evSvB hv‡”Q eywo weÖR cvi n‡Z
n‡Z cvKevwnbxI cMvo cvi n‡q hv‡e| Kgeqmx GKRb
civgk© w`‡jv ‡h‡nZy GB eniUv‡K _vgv‡Z bv cvi‡j
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i eo iKg Sv‡gjvq co‡Z n‡e, Kv‡RB eywo
_vK‡jI wKQy Kivi ‡bB, Dwo‡q ‡`qv ‡nvK weÖR| wKš‘ ‡eu‡K
KgvÛvi, cÖvq 20 eQi ciI, GB
cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| ïay ‡PvL
gy‡Q e‡jwQ‡jb, Avgiv mevB, Hw`b
‡_‡KB RvbZvg, ‡h ‡`‡k Ggb gv
Av‡Q, H ‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K `ywbqvi ‡KD
AvUKv‡Z cvi‡e bv| AvR ‡nvK Kvj
‡nvK ¯^vaxb Avgiv neB|
em‡jb KgvÛvi ¯^qs| bv, wKQy‡ZB bv| cvKevwnbx‡K
_vgv‡bv KZ©e¨, ZvB e‡j wbiciva GK ey‡ov gvbyl‡K ‡g‡i
‡dj‡ev? ‡mUv n‡e bv| ZK© Av‡iv ‡Nviv‡jv n‡q DV‡j
KgvÛvi ‡kl‡gl ûgwK w`‡jb, ‡KD G KvR Kivi ‡Póv
Ki‡j wZwb ‡mvRv ¸wj Ki‡eb, Gici hv nq ‡nvK| eva¨
n‡q Ab¨iv ‡g‡b wb‡jv| hvB ‡nvK, ‡`Lv ‡Mj Abygvb wVK,
eywo weÖR cvi n‡q‡Q| cvKevwnbxI cÖvq cvi n‡q
G‡m‡Q,GLb Avi Lv‡gvLv wWbvgvBU dvwU‡q jvf ‡bB|
gv_vq nvZ w`‡q e‡m fve‡Qb e¨vcviUv wK n‡jv, Ggb mgq
mevB Avevi GKUy mRvM n‡q DV‡jb| KviY ‡mB eywo weÖR
cvi n‡q Zv‡`i Lye Lye Kv‡Q P‡j G‡m‡Q| nv‡Z wKQy
GKUv Av‡Q, cyuUwji gZ| ‡`‡L g‡b n‡jv KvD‡K LyuR‡Q|
Gevi ‡hv×v‡`i cvjv| SUcU eywo‡K wN‡i ‡djv n‡jv|
eywo‡K ‡`‡L Aek¨ g‡b n‡jv bv fq ‡c‡q‡Q| ‡mvRv wR‡Ám
Ki‡jvÑ "eveviv ‡Zvgiv gyw³evwnbxi ‡cvjv?" KgvÛv‡ii
DËi--"K¨vb Avc‡bi Kx `iKvi?" Gevi eywoi DËi--"
Kvj‡K ïbwQ GBcv‡i gyw³i ‡cvjviv Av‡m, A‡bK Kó KBiv
‡cvjv¸wj hy× K‡i, LvB‡Z cvq bv wVKgZ| g‡b KiwQ N‡i
hv Av‡m wbqv hvB, w`‡b ‡Zv cvwi bv eveviv, ivB‡Z ‡KD
‡`‡L bv, GBRb¨ evBi nBwQ LvIqv wbqv, GBw`‡K ‡Kvb
RvqMvq KvD‡i cvB‡j LvIqv¸‡jv w`Zvg|" KgvÛvi Avi
‡hv×viv Gevi bxie, gy‡L fvlv Avmevi K_vI bv| GKUy
Av‡MB wKbv GB eywo‡KB Zviv weÖRmn Dwo‡q w`‡Z
‡P‡qwQj| eywoi H cyuUwj‡Z ‡ek wKQy Lvevi`vevi, bv-‡`Lv
bv-‡Pbv ‡Kvb gv‡qi mš—v‡bi Rb¨, hviv hy× Ki‡Q Zv‡`i
gv‡qi Rb¨, ‡`‡ki Rb¨| ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K Gj GB ggZv?
wK‡mi Rb¨ c‡ii mš—v‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Ri mš—v‡bi Lvevi wb‡q
AÜKvi c‡_ ‡Kvb gv Qy‡U Av‡m? KgvÛvi, cÖvq 20 eQi
ciI, GB cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| ïay ‡PvL gy‡Q
e‡jwQ‡jb, Avgiv mevB, Hw`b ‡_‡KB RvbZvg, ‡h ‡`‡k
Ggb gv Av‡Q, H ‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K `ywbqvi ‡KD AvUKv‡Z
cvi‡e bv| AvR ‡nvK Kvj ‡nvK ¯^vaxb Avgiv neB| hy‡×
Avgiv wRZ‡evB, wRZ‡evB|
[GB mwZ¨ NUbvUv ‡`evwkl `v'i gy‡L ‡kvbv, gqgbwms‡ni
GK gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛv‡ii Kv‡Q| Rvwb bv Kv‡iv ¯§…wZ wnmv‡e
‡Kv_vI ‡jLv n‡q‡Q wKbv| Lye `vM ‡K‡UwQ‡jv, ‡PvL
gy‡QwQjvg mevB, ‡kÖvZviv| g‡b n‡jv, mevB‡K GKevi
‡kvbvB, bvBev _vK‡jv AmvaviY ‡Kvb exiZ¡Mv_v, ‡kvbv‡Z
‡Zv mgm¨v ‡bB|]
176
m~wPcÎ |
GKvˇii NUbv : GK Sywo KvgivOv...
‡gnive kvnwiqvi
[Avgvi evevi KvQ ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡QvÆ GK UyK‡iv NUbv]
XvKv ‡gwW‡K‡ji bZyb ‡h e¨vPwUi K¬vk ïi“ nIqvi K_v
71 Gi ïi“‡Z , Zvi GKRb Avgvi evev| eqm ZL‡bv
18 cvi n‡Z ‡ek K‡qK gvm evwK| gv‡P©i ïi“i w`b
¸‡jv‡Z evev XvKv‡ZB wQ‡jb| 7 gvP© ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
e½eÜyi wgwUs‡q Ask ‡bb| cwiw¯’wZ Lviv‡ci w`‡K
‡h‡Z cv‡i Ggb AvksKvq 7 gv‡P©i c‡iB evev XvKv
‡Q‡o ‡`‡ki evwo P‡j hvb|
XvKv-AvwiPv mo‡K ZLb A‡bK¸‡jv weÖR wQj bv,
gv‡Si b`x¸‡jv cvivcv‡ii GKgvÎ Dcvq wQj ‡bŠKv|
hvevi c‡_ wZwb ‡`‡Lb, AmsL¨ gvbyl XvKv Qvo‡Z ïi“
K‡i‡Q|
gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡j GwcÖj gv‡m evev ivRkvnx P‡j hvb
fviZ mxgv‡š— A‡¯¿i ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z| ivRkvnx ‡_‡K cvebv
Avmvi c‡_ bv‡Uv‡ii KvQvKvwQ cvK Avwg©i 4/5 Rb
hvÎxevnx evm ‡_‡K mevB‡K bvwg‡q mvP© ïi“ K‡i| 16
‡_‡K 25 eQi e‡qmx‡`i Avjv`v GKUv jvB‡b `uvo
Kwi‡q ejv nq, Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmvev` K‡i ‡Q‡o ‡`qv
n‡e| evm WÖvBfvi‡K ejv nq bvix wkïmn Ab¨vb¨‡`i
wb‡q P‡j ‡h‡Z| evev wQ‡jb jvB‡b mevi ‡cQ‡b,
ev‡mi ‡cQb `iRvi KvQvKvwQ| jvB‡b `uvo Kwi‡q
eÖvkdvqvi Kiv wQj cvK Avwg©i wbZ¨‰bwgwËK NUbv|
Rxe‡bi Avkv ‡Q‡o w`‡q evev ZLb Kv‡jgv co‡Qb|
Gi gv‡S ‡Lqvj K‡ib jvB‡bi ïi“i w`‡K cvK
‰mb¨‡`i RUjv K‡i Lye gb‡hvM w`‡q wKQy GKUv
‡`L‡Z| ev‡m GKRb e…× hvÎx LuvPvq f‡i KvgivOv
wb‡q hvw”Q‡jb| cvwK¯—vwb Mvav¸‡jvi Kv‡Q A‡Pbv G
djwU‡K m‡›`nRbK g‡b nq| ‡MÖ‡b‡Wi mv‡_ AvK…wZ‡Z
mvgvb¨ wgj _vKvq Zviv `vwe K‡i G¸‡jv ‡MÖ‡bW| e…×
ZLb dj ‡L‡q cÖgvY Ki‡Qb G¸‡jv ‡MÖ‡bW bv| Avi
ZLb Zv‡K wN‡i `uvov‡bv ‡MÖ‡bW we‡ùvi‡Yi f‡q ZU¯’
4/5 Rb cvK‡mbv|
evevmn jvB‡b `vov‡bv AviI GKRb my‡hvMUv Kv‡R
jvMv‡Z m¶g nb, KvgivOv‡Z wbe× ‡mbv‡`i `…wó
Gwo‡q ‡cQ‡bi `iRvi cv-`vwb‡Z e‡m c‡ob, kixiUv
Kªj K‡i K‡i ev‡mi cvUvZ‡b ‡U‡b ‡Zv‡jb| Gi mv‡_
mv‡_B evm ‡Q‡o ‡`q...
GK ivwÎi Mí
iw³g
ivZ mv‡o 9Uv wK 10Uv ev‡R| bvRgyj m¨vi gvÎ PvPx‡K
ej‡jv ZvovZvwo ‡L‡q jvBU Ad Ki‡Z| w`bKvj fv‡jv
hv‡”Q bv| hZ mveav‡b _vKv hvq ZZB fv‡jv| K_vUv
‡kl bv n‡ZB N‡ii Kov bvov‡bvi kã n‡jv| mevi eyK
‡Ku‡c ‡M‡jv| wkDwj Avi Pqb gvi AvP‡ji wb‡P Romo
n‡q Kuvc‡Q| bvRgyj m¨vi PvPx‡K wkDwj Avi Pqb‡K
wb‡q ‡fZ‡ii N‡i ‡h‡Z ej‡jb| PvPx evievi eviY
Ki‡jv N‡ii `iRv ‡Lvjvi `iKvi ‡bB, wKš‘ ‡hfv‡e
`iRv av°v w`‡”Q Gfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡j ‡k‡l ‡f‡O ‡dj‡e
e‡j `iRv Ly‡j w`‡jv| LvwK ‡cvkvK civ 7-8Rb
XyK‡jv| Zvi g‡a¨ GKR‡bi gyL evuav| PvPx c`©vi Avovj
w`‡q ‡`L‡jv LvwK ‡cvlv‡Ki gvbyl¸‡jv GB N‡i Avm‡Q|
bvRgyj m¨vi‡K Gi g‡a¨ nvZ ‡eu‡a ‡d‡j‡Q | wkDwj
Avi Pqb‡K Uvb ‡g‡i Gcv‡k wb‡q Avmj| `ywbqvUv Lye
‡QvU n‡q Avmj| bvRgyj m¨vi‡K a‡i wb‡q ‡M‡jv| PvPx
cvMjcÖvq n‡q mvivw`b N‡i e‡m _v‡Kb| wkDjx Avi
Pqb ‡Ljv K‡i ‡eovq evoxi ‡QvÆ DVvbUv‡Z| cv‡ki
evoxi fvexiv PvPx‡K ev‡ci evwo ‡_‡K Avm‡Z ej‡jv
K‡qKw`‡bi Rb¨| GKw`b mKvj bv n‡ZB iIqvbv w`‡jv
PvPx, wkDjx, Pqb I cv‡mi evoxi Kvgv‡ji evev| mviv
iv¯—vq WyK‡i WyK‡i Kuv`‡Z jvMj PvPx| Kvgv‡ji evev
wkDjx Avi Pqb‡K wb‡q e‡m Av‡Q| cv‡kB GKUv b`x|
A‡bK ‰kevj R‡g‡Q| A‡bK ‡jv‡Ki fxo ‡`Lv hv‡”Q|
wK g‡b K‡i Kvgv‡ji evev f¨vb `vo Kwi‡q fxo ‡V‡j
mvg‡b ‡M‡jv| Wvb cv Avi evg nvZ KvUv GKUv jvk|
dy‡j D‡V‡Q mv‡_ `yM©Ü mevi bv‡K Kvco| PvPx
GKev‡iB wPb‡Z fyj Ki‡jv bv| ‡`Š‡o wM‡q Rwo‡q
ai‡jb| wKQyw`b c‡ii K_v| wkDjxi gv LvIqv `vIqv
eÜ K‡i ‡`q| d‡j Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o| wKQyw`b ci gviv
hvq| wkDwj I Pqb gvgvevwo‡ZB gvbyl n‡Z _v‡K| 177
m~wPcÎ |
†eMgMÄ Kv‡jv cy‡ji ea¨f~wg
†Mvjvg AvKei
gyw³hy‡×i weR‡qi 31 Zg evwl©Kx cvwjZ n‡q ‡Mj MZ 16
wW‡m¤^i 2002| ZviB cÖv°v‡j ‡bvqvLvjxÕi gyw³hy‡×i
BwZnv‡m cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi b…ksmZvi GKwU AKw_Z
Kvwnbx wb‡q Z_¨ AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ QyUjvg ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv
m`i ‡_‡K 6 wK‡jvwgUvi Dˇi ‡eMgMÄ ‡PŠiv¯—vq| ‡mLv‡b
Kv‡ji ¯^v¶x ‡PŠiv¯—v ÒKv‡jv cyjÓ hv eZ©gv‡b cvKv weÖR|
ZviB `w¶‡Y Z_v ‡PŠiv¯—v msjMœ ‡eMgMÄ ‡UKwbK¨vj nvB
¯‹yj| GB Dfq ¯’vbB wQj gyw³hy‡×i 9 gv‡m cvwK¯—vbx
nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i ‡`vmi ivRvKvi Avje`i evwnbxi
gvbeZv we‡ivax RNb¨ nZ¨vh‡Ái †K›`Ö| †mLv‡b AvRI
wbwg©Z nqwb †Kvb ¯§…wZ djK| ¯^xK…wZ cvqwb ea¨f~wgi| GB
¯’v‡bi gvwUi Mfx‡i AvRI Av‡Q AmsL¨ bvix cyi“‡li
MYKei| †mB MYKe‡i ¸g‡i Kvu‡` knx‡`i AvZ¥v| Avgiv
†KD KLbI Zvi Lei ivwLwb| gyw³hy‡×i 9 gv‡m wbiciva
gvbyl‡K nZ¨vi ‡ivgnl©K weeiYx Z_v nvwi‡q hvIqv
BwZnvm‡K ‡jvKP¶yi mvg‡b wb‡q Avbvi ‡Póv †_‡K G
Z_¨vbymÜvb|
GKvˇii 26 gvP© cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx XvKvq MYnZ¨v
ïi“ Kivi ci 22 GwcÖj `ycyi ch©š— †bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv wQ‡jv
nvbv`vi gy³| 22 GwcÖj we‡Kj 5Uvq 60-70 wU hvwš¿K eni
wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK Kbfq Kywgj¬v-jvKmvg-†mvbvBgywo
n‡q †eMgM‡Äi gxiIqvwikcyi MÖvg R¡vwj‡q cywo‡q †PŠiv¯—v
Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nq| H w`‡bi NUbvi cªZ¨¶`k©x †m mg‡qi
wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi Zi“Y hyeK eZ©gv‡b AvBbRxex GweGg
dvi“K (50) e‡jb, ÒH w`b cvKevwnbx †ePvi †`vKvb msjMœ
Avgv‡`i ˆcwÎK evwo‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ Avgvi evev Rbve dwi`
wgqv (wUwU) Ges Avgvi fvB †gvt d‡qR‡K eªvkdvqv‡i nZ¨v
K‡i| Avwg ZLb evwoi A`~‡i jywK‡q H nZ¨vhÁ cªZ¨¶
Kwi| Gi ci cvKevwnbx Kv‡jv cyj Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nq|
cy‡ji mwbœK‡U G‡m cvK mvgwiK Kbfq _g‡K `vuovq| cvK
mvgwiK Kbfq Avmvi Av‡MB ¯’vbxq RbmvaviY Kv‡jv cyj
aŸsm K‡i †`q| G‡Z DËi `w¶‡Yi †hvMv‡hvM wew”Qbœ n‡q
hvq| cvK mvgwiK Kbfq †PŠiv¯—vq Avmvi c‡_ Kv‡jv cy‡ji
`w¶Y cÖv‡š— GKwU cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×i m¤§ywLb nq| †mB cÖwZ‡iva
hy‡×i †bZ…Z¡ †`q knx` mv‡jn Avn¤§`, Rwni“j Bmjvg, wc›Uy
cÖgyL| H cvK mvgwiK kw³i wbKU civf~Z n‡q cÖwZ‡iva hy×
w¯—wgZ n‡j cvK mvgwiK evwnbx Syjš— †mZy wbg©vb K‡i mܨv
bvMv` Kv‡jv cyj AwZKªg K‡i †eMgMÄ †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡j
Ae¯’vb wb‡q K¨v¤ú ¯’vcb K‡i|Ó
GKvËi Gi 9 gv‡m A‡bK NUbvi cÖZ¨¶`k©x †mw`‡bi
wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi wK‡kvi mv‡ivqvi Avjg (45) Rvbvb,
Ò†eMgMÄ †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡ji K¨v‡¤ú cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi
evwnbxi KgvwÛs Awdmvi wQ‡jv †gRi †evLvix| GB K¨v¤úwU
wQ‡jv cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbxi †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi g~j NvuwU|Ó
GKvËi Gi UMe‡M hyeK Ave`ym †mvevnvb eZ©gvb eqm 65
eQi| evwo ‡PŠiv¯—v msjMœ bvwRicyi MÖv‡g| GKvˇii cy‡iv
bq gvm Ave`ym †mvevnvb †PŠiv¯—vi Kv‡jv cy‡ji c~e© cv‡k¦©i
†envj Rv‡j gvQ a‡i RxweKv wbe©vn Ki‡Zv| ZLb Kv‡jv cyj,
Kv‡Vi cyj wQ‡jv A‡bKUvB fv½v‡Pviv| Zvi cv‡kB wbwg©Z
n‡q‡Q eZ©gv‡bi cvKv eªxR| Ave`ym †mvevnvb e‡jb, ÒcvK
mvgwiK evwnbx †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡j K¨v¤ú ¯’vcb Kivi ci
c‡iB gvBR`x ‡_‡K 5 Rb wbiciva ¯^vaxbZvKvgx evOvjx‡K
a‡i G‡b Kv‡jv cy‡ji Dc‡i `vuo Kwi‡q eªvk dvqvi K‡i|
GKRb †mŠfvM¨Kª‡g †mw`b †eu‡P hvb| Gfv‡e cvK nvbv`vi
evwnbx G A‡j wbiciva gvbyl nZ¨v ïi“ K‡i| gyw³hy‡×i
cy‡iv bq gv‡m cÖwZw`b Kv‡jv cy‡j me©wbgœ 5/6 Rb I m‡e©v”P
15/20 Rb K‡i gvbyl nZ¨v Ki‡Zv cvwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨iv| bvbv
wbôyi cš’vq Iiv nZ¨vh‡Á †g‡Z DV‡Zv| †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi
cÖZ¨š— AÂj †_‡K wbiciva gvbyl¸‡jv‡K a‡i G‡b cÖ_‡g
†UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹yj K¨v‡¤ú kvixwiK wbh©vZb Kiv †nvZ-
Zvici cÖwZw`b mܨvi ci Kv‡jv cy‡ji Dci `vuo Kwi‡q
ey‡jU †eq‡b‡U SvuSiv Kiv n‡Zv| Gfv‡eB Pj‡Zv
¯^vaxbZvKvgx wbiciva gvbyl‡`i Dci gvbeZvwe‡ivax RNb¨
nZ¨vhÁ| ey‡jU †eq‡bU G SvuSiv nIqvi ci jvk¸‡jv
Iqvc`v Lv‡ji cvwb Lyb ivOv i‡O ivwO‡q fvm‡Z fvm‡Z
cwð‡g P‡j †h‡Zv| GB †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡ji K¨v‡¤úB
b…ksmfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq †PŠgynbx K‡j‡Ri cÖv³b cÖavb
KiwYK wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi ¸jRvi †nv‡mb‡K|Ó
gyw³hy‡×i cy‡iv bq gvm Gfv‡eB nvRvi nvRvi wbiciva
gvbyl‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ae‡k‡l wW‡m¤^i 5-6 Zvwi‡L cvwK¯—vbx
nvbv`vi evwnbx Zv‡`i wbwðZ civRq †R‡b †UKwbK¨vj nvB
¯‹y‡ji K¨v¤ú ¸wU‡q jvKmvg n‡q Kywgj¬v K¨v›Ub‡g›U Awfgy‡L
P‡j hvq| wKš‘ Zviv †i‡L hvq †mLv‡b A‡bK b…ksmZvi
wPý| eû bvixi m¤£g nviv‡bvi Ae¨³ Kvbœv| AmsL¨ g…Z-
Aa©g…Z bi bvixi K¼vjmvi †`n|
2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© †bvqvLvjx †Rjv cÖkvmb KZ©…K cÖKvwkZ
¯§viK ¯^vaxbZv †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡M †cv÷ K‡i‡Qb gyKzj|
178
m~wPcÎ |
†Mvcvjcy‡i MYnZ¨v
†Mvjvg AvKei
†bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †eMgMÄ _vbv m`i †_‡K AvbygvwbK bq
wK‡jvwgUvi cwðg-DËi w`‡K †Mvcvjcyi evRv‡ii Ae¯’vb|
GiB cwðgcv‡k¦© Kv‡ji mv¶x n‡q i‡q‡Q †Mvcvjcyi
wgR©vbMi ciMYvi GK mg‡qi cÖfvekvjx Rwg`vi evox|
GQvov evRv‡ii †Kvj‡Nu‡l †Mvcvjcyi Avjx nvq`vi D”P
we`¨vjq| cwðg-DËi gv_vq BDwbqb ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`Ö, e¨vsK I
†cv÷ Awdm|
gyw³hy‡×i cÖv°v‡j Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡b QvÎ BDwbqb
†bZv Avey Kv‡qm gvngy`, †gvt †gvnmxb `yjvj, RvwKi
†nv‡mb, gvngy`yj †nv‡mb †PŠayix cÖgy‡Li †bZ…‡Z¡ QvÎ msMÖvg
cwil` MwVZ nq| gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡j G GjvKvi wewkó
wPwKrmK Wvt AvwbQy¾vgvb, XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·bZv
wbg P›`ª †fŠwgK, mvnveDwÏb wg›Uy I ¯’vbxq msMÖvg cwil`
†bZ…e…‡›`i mgš^‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msMwVZ Kivi KvR ïi“
nq| GwcÖ‡j cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx †bvqvLvjx‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivi
wKQyKvj ciI †Mvcvjcyi i‡q hvq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `~R©q NvuwU
wnmv‡e; cwiYZ nq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wiKªywUs †m›Uv‡i| Pj‡Z
_v‡K hy‡×i cÖv_wgK Kjv‡KŠk‡ji †Uªwbs| mg‡qi mvnmx
mš—v‡biv `‡j `‡j cÖv_wgK †UÖwbs mgvß K‡i P~ovš— †UÖwbs
MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †Mvc‡b P‡j †h‡Zv eRivi eMvw`qv Avdvwbqv
n‡q fvi‡Zi w`‡K| †Mvcvjcyi Gfv‡eB cvjb K‡i
gyw³hy‡×i ïi“‡Z GK AMÖYx f~wgKv| G Lei ‡cŠu‡Q hvq
RvgvZ, gymjxg jxM I kvwš— KwgwUi gva¨‡g cvwK¯—vbx
nvbv`vi evwnbxi Kv‡Q| Zviv K‡qK `dv †Póv Pvjvq G
GjvKvi gyw³hy‡×i msMVK‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨|
†`L‡Z †`L‡Z P‡j Av‡m el©v|
mgqUv 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gvm| cÖPyi e…wó nq †mevi
18 AvM÷ iv‡Z| †fviiv‡Z †eMgMÄ j¶xcyi mo‡Ki Kv‡Q
evsjvevRvi kvgmybbvnvi nvB¯‹y‡j G‡m Ae¯’vb †bq ‡ek
wKQy cvwK¯—vbx wgwjwkqv I ivRvKvi| 19 AvM÷ mKvj †ejv
- m~h© ZL‡bv †g‡Ni Avov‡j XvKv| ¸wo¸wo e…wó n‡”Q|
mKvj AvbygvwbK AvUUv bvMv` †Mvcvjcyi evRv‡i †cŠu‡Q hvq
cÖvq K‡qKk cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© I ivRvKvi| Zviv `yfv‡M
wef³ nq| ivRvKvi‡`i Kywo/cuwPk R‡bi GKwU `j 1. gvneyeyj nvq`vi †PŠayix [bkv wgqv] (‡Mvcvjcyi)
evRv‡ii cwðgw`K w`‡q Ges evKxiv g~j iv¯—v w`‡q G‡m 2. `xb Bmjvg (ZyjvPiv)
PZyw`©K †_‡K wN‡i †d‡j| mKvj †_‡KB evRv‡ii cÖvq 3. nvwee Dj¨vn (ZyjvPiv)
Aa©kZvwaK †`vKvb AMYb gvby‡li cÖvYPv‡j¨ gyLwiZ 4. BmgvCj wgqv (ZyjvPiv)
wQ‡jv| †KD Pv cv‡b iZ| Avevi †KD MZiv‡Z Av‡kcv‡ki 5. Awn`Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
†Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq †Mvjv¸wj n‡q‡Q Zvi Ae¯’vb wbY©q wb‡q 6. †gvnv¤§`Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
weZK©iZ| Ggb mgq AZwK©Z nvbv w`‡jv cvwK¯—vbx nv‡qbvi 7. †gvnv¤§` Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
`j| hviv cvjv‡Z cvi‡jv Zviv evuP‡jv| hviv cv‡iwb GiKg 8. `yjvj wgqv (mvnv`vcyi)
Aa©kZvwaK `~f©vMv wbixn MÖvgevmx I †`vKvbx wkKvi nj 9. mvgQyj nK gv÷vi (AvwUqvKvw›`)
wbg©g wnsmªZvi| G‡K G‡K I‡`i mevB‡K a‡i G‡b GK 10. gwReDj¨vn (AvwUqvKvw›`)
jvB‡b `vuo Kiv‡bv nq evRv‡ii c~e©cvk w`‡q e‡q hvIqv 11. ewkiDj¨vn (AvwUqvKvw›`)
†QvÆ LvjwUi cv‡o| G `‡j wQ‡jb H GjvKvi kvwš— KwgwUi 12. Aveyj Kv‡kg (wgR©vbMi)
†bZv| Zvi Aciva wZwb gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvkÖq w`‡Zb| Zvui 13. Aveyj eki wQwÏK (wgR©vbMi)
Kv‡Q cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi KgvwÛs Awdmvi Rvb‡Z 14. nvwiQ wgqv (†`eKvjv)
Pvq- Avwbm Wv³vi, my‡e`vi ‡gRi R‡e` Avjx †Kv_vq? 15. wQwÏK Dj¬¨vn wgqv (wmivRDwÏbcyi)
†Kv‡bv †`k‡cÖwgK gyw³cvMj gvbyl Zv‡`i G cÖ‡kœi DËi 16. gwgbDj¨vn wgqv (gyûj¬vcyi)
w`‡Z eva¨ bq Ges Zviv Gi †Kvb Reve †Kvbw`bB cvqwb| 17. gš—vR wgqv (gnj¬vcyi)
evRv‡ii †`vKv‡b †`vKv‡b Zj¬vwk K‡i LyuR‡Z _v‡K ¯^vaxb 18. b~i ‡gvnv¤§` (gnj¬vcyi)
evsjvi cZvKv| R‰bK wQwÏKDj¨vni †`vKv‡b Iiv ‡c‡q 19. Ave`yj gbœvb (gnj¬vcyi)
hvq ¯^vaxb evsjvi GKwU cZvKv| - †Kªv‡a †d‡U c‡o Iiv| 20. †gveviK Dj¨vn (cvbyqv cvov)
jvB‡b `vuov‡bv K‡qKRb gymwj¬‡K †Q‡o †`qv nq| evKx cÖvq 21. †gvnv¤§` Dj¨vn `wR© (Pvu` Kv‡kgcyi)
cÂvkRb wbiciva wbi¯¿ gvbyl‡K eªvkdvqvi K‡i wbôyifv‡e 22. Ave`yi iwm` (Avwgivev`)
nZ¨v Kiv nq| eªvkdvqv‡ii ciI hviv †eu‡PwQ‡jv Zv‡`i‡K 23. Ave`yj mvËvi (evivnxbMi)
†eq‡bU PvR© K‡i ‰ckvwPK D?j¬vm cÖKvk Kivi ci cvwK¯— 24. Ave`yj Kwig (nxivcyi)
vbx cïiv nZ¨v K‡i| gvby‡li ZvRv i‡³ mqjve n‡q hvq 25. Wv: †gvnv¤§` myRv‡qZ Dj¨vn (`kNwiqv, PvUwLj)
Lv‡ji cvwb| i³ Avi cvwb‡K cv_©K¨ Kiv hvqwb| GB 1971 mv‡ji 19 AvM‡÷i GB wbôyi MYnZ¨vi ¯§i‡Y
nZfvM¨ gvbyl‡`i Aciva wQ‡jv- Zviv e‡jwb Kviv G?jvKvi †Mvjvg QvËvi †bvgvb, Zcb Kygvi ‡fŠwgK cÖgy‡Li cÖ‡Póvq
gyw³hy‡×i msMVK, Kviv gyw³‡hv×v| Zv‡`i Aciva, 1980 mv‡j knx`‡`i bvg †Lv`vB GKwU ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ I knx`
†`vKv‡b cvIqv hvq ¯^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv| ¯§…wZ msm` M‡o D‡V| cÖwZ eQi GB w`‡b wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi
GB nZ¨vKvÛ RNb¨ ee©iZv| gvbeZvwe‡ivax| gva¨‡g knx`‡`i cÖwZ kª×v Rvbv‡bv nq|
†bvqvLvjxi gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m †Mvcvjcy‡ii GB MYnZ¨v
GK Kv‡jv Aa¨vq| GB NUbvq hviv knx` nb Zv‡`i cuwPk 2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© cÖKvwkZ †Mvjvg AvKe‡ii †jLvwU e¬‡M
R‡bi bvg cwiPq D×vi Kiv m¤¢e nq: †cv÷ K‡i‡Qb gyKzj|
179
m~wPcÎ |
P›`ªMÄ I †mvbvBgywoi gyw³hy×
m‡Z¨b †mb
gyw³evwnbxi †Mv‡q›`v wefv‡Mi Pi G‡m msev` w`j, mvgwiK
f¨vb †evSvB GK`j cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv †dbx ‡_‡K P›`ªM‡Äi
w`‡K Avm‡Q| I‡`i hLb P›`ªM‡Äi w`‡K †PvL c‡o‡Q, ZLb
Iiv †mBLv‡b jyUcvU bv K‡i Qvo‡ebv| Lei †c‡q jvwd‡q
DV‡jb my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb| †e½j †iwR‡g‡›Ui jyrdi
ingvb, whwb GB A‡j GKwU gyw³evwnbx MVb K‡iwQ‡jb|
ˆmb¨‡`i msL¨v cÂvk-lvUR‡bi gZ n‡e| G‡`i cÖwZ‡iva
Ki‡Z †nv‡j `‡j wKQyUv fvix n‡q †bIqv `iKvi| †LvuR-Lei
K‡i Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ gvÎ QqRb gyw³‡hv×v‡K R‡ov Kiv
‡Mj|
mvZRb gvbyl, mvZwU ivB‡dj- GB mvgvb¨ kw³ wb‡q I‡`i
m‡½ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z hvIqvUv wVK wK? gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨
GKRb GB cªkœUv Zy‡jwQ‡jb| K_vUv wg_¨v bq- GUv GKUv
`~tmvn‡mi KvR n‡e| A_P nv‡Z mgq ‡bB| gyw³evwnbxi kw³
e…w× Kivi Rb¨ †h mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb, Zvi g‡a¨ GB jyÚbKvix
`m¨yiv G‡`i KvR nvwmj K‡i m‡i co‡e| †Pv‡Li mvg‡b GB
NUbv N‡U hv‡e Avi Zviv e‡m e‡m ZvB †`L‡e| bv, wKQy‡ZB
bv, M‡R© DV‡jb my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb, †hfv‡eB †nvK G‡`i
cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡ZB n‡e| Avgv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡b w`‡q Iiv
A¶Zfv‡e nvm‡Z nvm‡Z P‡j hv‡e, G wKQy‡ZB n‡Z cv‡ibv|
Iiv Avgv‡`i i³ wb‡q‡Q, Zvi wewbg‡q I‡`iI wKQyUv i³
w`‡Z n‡e|
iv¯—vi av‡i GKUv eo iK‡gi B‡Ui cvuRv| †K †hb K‡e
GKUv `vjvb †Zvjevi Rb¨ GLv‡b GB BU¸wj G‡b Ro K‡i
†i‡LwQ‡jv, A‡bKw`b n‡q †Mj, †mB `vjvb GL‡bv †Zvjv
nqwb, BU¸‡jv †hgb wQj †Zgwb c‡o Av‡Q| P›`ªM‡Ä XyK‡Z
n‡j ˆmb¨evnx Mvox¸wj‡K GB iv¯—v w`‡qB †h‡Z n‡e|
my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb Avi QqRb gyw³‡hv×v, †mB B‡Ui
cvuRvi †cQ‡b cwRkb wb‡q `vuov‡jb| GLvb †_‡KB Zvuiv †mB
nvgjvKvix `m¨y‡`i cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡eb, GUv LyeB `~tmvn‡mi
KvR Zvuiv Rvb‡Zb, Zvuiv Zvu‡`i Rxeb wb‡q wQwbwgwb †Lj‡Z
P‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ Ggb GK GKUv mgq Av‡m hLb †R‡b ï‡b
wec‡`i gy‡L Svuwc‡q co‡Z nq| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Rxeb-g…Z¨y
cv‡qi f…Z¨ wPË fvebvnxb| Ae¯’v we‡kl evgb n‡qI Zvu‡`i
`vb‡ei wei“‡× P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Z nq| gyw³evwnbxi my‡e`vi
jyrdi ingvb ej‡jb, GLbKvi Ae¯’v n‡”Q †Zgwb GK
Ae¯’v| wKš‘ †ekx K_v ejvi mgq wQj bv| `~i †_‡K AùyU
mvgwiK f¨v‡bi MR©b †kvbv ‡M‡jv| H †h, H †h Avm‡Q|
Iiv! Zvuiv mvZRb mvZwU ivB‡dj wb‡q ˆZix n‡q `vuov‡jb|
†mB AùyU AvIqvR Kª‡gB ¯úó †_‡K ¯úóZi n‡q DV‡Z
jvM‡jv| Zvici GKUy ev‡`B †`Lv †M‡jv mvgwiK f¨vb c‡_i
ay‡jv Dwo‡q `ª“Z‡e‡M Qy‡U Avm‡Q| D‡ËwRZ cÖZx¶vq Zvu‡`i
A½-cªZ¨½¸wj †hb B¯úv‡Zi gZ `…p Avi KwVb n‡q Gj|
mvgwiK f¨vb `ª“Z Avm‡Z Avm‡Z nVvr †_‡g †M‡jv| bv
†_‡g Dcvq wQj bv, Kv‡`i A`…k¨ n‡¯—i ¸wj‡Z Mvwoi Uvqv‡ii
PvKv dy‡Uv n‡q †M‡Q| GKB m‡½ KZ¸wj ivB‡d‡ji
AvIqvR| we¯§‡q, AvZ‡¼ ‰mb¨iv SycSvc K‡i Mvox †_‡K
jvwd‡q iv¯—vq †b‡g co‡jv| wKš‘ †mB A`…k¨ n‡¯—i
¸wjel©‡Yi †hb †kl †bB| ‰mb¨‡`i g‡a¨ hviv mvg‡bi w`‡K
wQj, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡K nZvnZ n‡q f~wgkh¨v wbj| GKUy
ev‡`B ivB‡d‡ji AvIqvR †_‡g wM‡q cj¬x-cÖK…wZi wb¯—e×Zv
Avi kvwš— wd‡i Gj| ‰mb¨iv mÜvbx `…wó wb‡q Zbœ Zbœ K‡i
Pviw`K cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z jvM‡jv| A`…k¨ kÎyiv wK Z‡e fq
†c‡q cvwj‡q wM‡q‡Q? bv, I‡`i wek¦vm †bB, GKUy ev‡`B
nq‡Zv Iiv Av‡iK w`K ‡_‡K AvKªgY K‡i em‡e| iv¯—vi
`yÕcv‡k A‡bK †SvcSvo R½j| Zv‡`i gvSLv‡b Iiv ‡Kv_vq
Avkªq wb‡q e‡m Av‡Q †K Rv‡b| Z‡e `‡j Iiv fvix †m wel‡q
m‡›`n †bB| Zv bv n‡j Zv‡`i wei“‡× Ggb K‡i nvgjv Ki‡Z
mvnm †cZ bv|
P›`ªMÄ mg…× AÂj| GLv‡b G‡m Aev‡a jyUcvU Kiv hv‡e,
GB Avkv wb‡q Zviv GLv‡b G‡mwQj| GB A‡j Zv‡`i
GKRb `vjvj wQj| Zvi KvQ †_‡K Lei †c‡qB Zviv jy‡Ui
Avkvq GLv‡b Qy‡U G‡m‡Q| Zviv ï‡bwQ‡jv GLv‡b Zv‡`i ‘evav’
†`evi †KD †bB| wKš‘ nVvr K‡i †K Rv‡b †Kv_v †_‡K GB
kqZv‡bi `j gvwU dyu‡o D‡V `vuwo‡q‡Q| †K Rv‡b, nq‡Zv Iiv
BwZg‡a¨ Zv‡`i Pvwiw`K w`‡q †NivI K‡i †d‡j‡Q| cªwZwU
MvQ Avi cªwZwU †SvcSv‡oi Avov‡j †h GKRb K‡i kÎy
jywK‡q †bB Ggb K_vB ev †K ej‡Z cv‡i| I‡`i
ivB‡dj¸wj Gevi G‡jvcv_vwo Svu‡K Svu‡K ¸wj el©Y K‡i
Pjj| GBfv‡e eû ¸wj AcPq Kivi ci Zviv _vgj|
wKQy mgq wbtk‡ã †K‡U ‡M‡jv| ˆmb¨iv fvewQj, Zv‡`i
A`…k¨ kÎyiv m¤¢eZ cvwj‡q †M‡Q| Ggb cªej ¸wj e…wói g‡a¨
Iiv †Kgb K‡i `vuwo‡q _vK‡e| wKš‘ Zv’n‡j hviv nZvnZ n‡q
fywgkh¨v wb‡qwQ‡jv, Iiv Zv‡`i GKRb GKRb K‡i f¨v‡bi
Dci ZyjwQj| wVK †m mg‡q Avevi KZ¸wj ivB‡dj GK m‡½
M‡R© DV‡jv| ¸wji ci ¸wj Avm‡Q, weiwZ †bB| ˆmb¨‡`i
g‡a¨ GK Ask Av‡Q f¨v‡bi Dc‡i, Aci Ask iv¯—vq| A`…k¨
n¯—¸wj AZ¨š— `¶Zvi m‡½ G‡`i j¶¨ K‡i K‡i ¸wj Qyuo‡Q|
GKwU ¸wjI e…_v hv‡”Q bv| ˆmb¨‡`i g‡a¨ fxlY nƇMvj c‡o
†Mj| Zviv GKUy mvg‡j wb‡q Avevi cªejfv‡e ¸wj el©Y K‡i
Pjj| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mvg‡b †Kvb wbw`©ó j¶¨ †bB| GB fv‡e
wKQy¶Y `yÕc‡¶i g‡a¨ cªwZØw›ØZv Pjj| BwZg‡a¨ ˆmb¨‡`i
nZvn‡Zi msL¨v Kªgk †e‡oB Pj‡Q| Aci c‡¶ A`…k¨
cªwZc‡¶i wK cwigvb ¶q¶wZ n‡”Q Zv †evSvi †Kvb Dcvq
wQj bv|
Ae¯’v †`‡L AvZw¼Z n‡q DVj ‰mb¨iv| wKš‘ GKUy Av‡M
Zv‡`i `vjvj †mB †jvKwU Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ Kievi Rb¨ G‡m
†M‡Q| †m AZ¨š— PZyi ‡jvK, Pvwiw`‡K fvj K‡i bRi K‡i
†m GB inm¨Uv eyS‡Z cvij| `~ieZ©x B‡Ui cvuRvUvi †cQ‡b
A½yjx wb‡`©k K‡i †m ejj, Avgvi m‡›`n nq, Iiv H cvuRvwUi
†cQ‡b `vuwo‡q ¸wj Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| wVK K_vB‡Zv, GB m‡›`nUv
mK‡ji g‡bB RvMv DwPr wQ‡jv| wKš‘ GZ¶Y GB K_vUv
I‡`i KviI gv_vq Av‡mwb|
Gevi I‡`i ivB‡dj¸wj G‡Kev‡i wbtkã n‡q †Mj|
ˆmb¨iv wZbfv‡M fvM n‡q AwZ mš—c©‡Y wZbw`K w`‡q GwM‡q
Pjj| B‡Ui ¯—ycUv‡K †NivI K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| Lye mveavb,
I‡`i GKUvI †hb m‡i co‡Z bv cv‡i|
gyw³evwnbxi RIqvbiv B‡Ui cvuRvi Avovj ‡_‡K mewKQyB
†`LwQj| ‰mb¨‡`i gZje eyS‡Z Zv‡`i evKx iB‡jv bv|
180
m~wPcÎ |
Avi GK gyn~Z© †`ix Kivi mgq †bB| GLbB Zv‡`i m‡i
co‡Z n‡e| GB msN‡l©i g‡a¨ w`‡q Zviv hZUv Avkv
K‡iwQj, Zvi‡P‡q A‡bK †ekx KvR nvwmj Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q|
Gevi Zviv ¯^”Q‡›` QywU wb‡Z cv‡i| GKRb GKRb K‡i
mvZRb gyw³‡hv×v I‡`i `…wó Gwo‡q †SvcSv‡oi Avov‡j
A`…k¨ n‡q †Mj| Zvi wKQyUv ev‡` wkKvi mÜvbx ˆmb¨iv G‡m
mvd‡j¨i m‡½ †mB B‡Ui ¯—ycUv‡K †NivI K‡i †djj| wKš‘
wK †`Lj G‡m? †`Lj, cvwL¸wj Zv‡`i GK`g †evKv evwb‡q
w`‡q gy³ AvKv‡k D‡o P‡j wM‡q‡Q| B‡Ui cvuRvi †cQ‡b
GKwU RbcÖvYx †bB| ïay gvwUi Dc‡i A‡bK¸wj KvZ©y‡Ri
†Lvj BZ¯—Z wew¶ßfv‡e Qwo‡q c‡o Av‡Q|
†mw`bKvi hy‡× memy× 23 Rb ‰mb¨ nZvnZ n‡qwQj| Avi
gyw³evwnbxi mvZwU RIqvb m¤ú~Y© A¶Z Ae¯’vq †ewi‡q
Avm‡Z †c‡iwQj| †h †`k‡`ªvnx `vjvjwU kÎy‡`i mvnvh¨
Kievi Rb¨ GwM‡q G‡mwQj, Gi K‡qKw`b ev‡`B
gyw³‡hv×viv Zv‡K LZg Kij|
†mBw`b gyw³‡hv×v‡`i nv‡Z Nv †L‡q cvK ‰mb¨‡`i P~ovš—
fv‡e bvKvj n‡Z n‡qwQj| P›`ªM‡Ä jyUcvU Kiv `~‡i _vK,
nZvnZ eÜy‡`i wb‡q Mvox †evSvB K‡i Iiv gv_v †nuU K‡i
wd‡i G‡mwQj| wKš‘ GB Acgvb Avi jvÃbv Iiv fy‡j †h‡Z
cv‡iwb| w`b K‡qK ev‡` Iiv Avevi bZybfv‡e ˆZix n‡q Pjj
P›`ªM‡Äi w`‡K| Zv‡`i g‡bi R¡vjvUv Gevi fvj K‡iB wgwU‡q
†b‡e|
cvK-‰mb¨iv Avevi nvgjv Ki‡Z Avm‡Q| GB LeiUv †cŠ‡Q
wM‡qwQj P›`ªM‡Ä| my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb GLb †mBLv‡b †bB,
Ab¨vb¨ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨I †KD †bB| Gevi †K Zv‡`i
cªwZ‡iva Ki‡e? Iiv †mw`b Av”QvgZ Nv †L‡q N‡i wd‡i
†M‡Q, Gevi fvj K‡iB Zvi cªwZ‡kva Zyj‡e| P›`ªMćK Gevi
Iiv aŸsm¯—y‡c cwiYZ bv K‡i Qvo‡ebv| hv‡K cv‡e Zv‡KB
gvi‡e| I‡`i nv‡Z †KD wK †invB cv‡e? mviv A‡j AvZ¼
Qwo‡q coj| P›`ªM‡Äi gvbyl Ni-evox †Q‡o cvjv‡Z jvMj|
Iiv I‡`i hv Kievi webv evavq K‡i hv‡e| wKš‘ P›`ªM‡Äi
GKwU gvbyl GB K_vUv‡K wKQy‡ZB †g‡b wb‡Z cvi‡jb bv|
gvÎ †mw`b GB P›`ªM‡Äi ey‡K 7 Rb gy³‡hv×v exiZ¡c~Y©
cªwZ‡iva w`‡q `yÏ©vš— cvK-‰mb¨‡`i `y`©kvi P~ovš— K‡i †Q‡o
w`‡q‡Q| GB exi gyw³‡hv×viv GB A‡jiB gvbyl, GB
gvwU‡ZB gvbyl n‡q DV‡Q| GLvbKvi gvbyl, ïay GLvbKvi bq,
mviv †bvqvLvjx wRjvi gvbyl Zv‡`i Rb¨ †MŠie‡eva K‡i| iv¯—
vi av‡i †mB B‡Ui ¯—ycwU GLbI ‡mB hy‡×i ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ i“‡c
weivR Ki‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Zvi K_v wK Avgiv fy‡j †h‡Z cvwi?
AvR gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ †KD GLv‡b †bB e‡j Iiv Aev‡a hv
Lywk ZvB K‡i P‡j hv‡e| bv, wKQy‡ZB bv, M‡R© DV‡jb wZwb,
G Avwg wKQy‡ZB n‡Z †`‡ev bv| Avi hw` †KD bv hvq, Avwg
GKvB hv‡ev, GKvB wM‡q I‡`i m‡½ jovB Ki‡ev|
†K GB †jvKwU? wK Zvui bvg? bv, Zvi bvg Avgvi Rvbv
†bB| †Kvb L¨vZbvgv †jvK bb wZwb| GKRb cªv³b ˆmwbK|
Avi `kRb e…‡×i gZ wZwbI Zvui Rxe‡bi †klw`b¸wj ÔAvj¬vn
Avj¬vnÕ K‡i KvwU‡q hvw”Q‡jb| GKRb mvaviY gvbyl| †KD
†Kvbw`b Zvui †Kvb AmvaviY‡Z¡i cwiPq cvbwb| wKš‘ AvR
‡`‡ki GK we‡kl Ae¯’vq GKwU we‡kl AbyK~j gyn~Z© Zvui
‡fZiKvi myß Av¸b‡K RvwM‡q Zy‡j‡Q| †hLv‡b nvRvi nvRvi
gvbyl f‡q Aw¯’i, †mLv‡b GB GKwU gvbyl `…p wb®‹¤ú K‡Ú
†NvlYv Ki‡jb, hw` GKv †h‡Z nq, Avwg GKvB hv‡ev, Avwg
GKvB I‡`i m‡½ jovB Kie| gievi Av‡M GB wnsmª
cï¸wji g‡a¨ GKUv‡KI hw` †g‡i †h‡Z cvwi, Z‡e Avgvi
Rxeb mv_©K n‡e|
hviv Zvi wn‰Zlx, Zviv Zvu‡K wbe…Ë Kievi Rb¨ h‡_ó †Póv
K‡iwQj| e‡jwQj. Zywg GKv gvbyl, Zvi Dci ey‡ov n‡qQ|
Zywg wK K‡i I‡`i m‡½ jovB Ki‡e? wKš‘ KviI †Kvb evav
wZwb gvb‡jb bv, `…p-gywó‡Z ivB‡djUv AvuK‡o a‡i ‡ewi‡q
co‡jb Ni †_‡K| Zvui GB `…óv‡š— AbycªvwYZ n‡q Zvui Zi“Y
†Q‡j Zvu‡K †W‡K ejj, `vuovI AveŸv, AvwgI †Zvgvi m‡½
hve| †Zvgvi gZ AvwgI I‡`i m‡½ jovB Kie| †Q‡ji K_v
ï‡b ev‡ci gyL Avb‡›` D¾j n‡q DVj| `yÕR‡bi nv‡Z `ywU
ivB‡dj, wcZv-cyÎ cvkvcvwk cªwZ‡iva msMªv‡g hvÎv Kij|
AvRI Iiv †mB B‡Ui cvuRvi †cQ‡b Avkªq wbj| Iiv
wcZv-cyÎ cvkvcvwk e‡m kÎy‡`i AvMg‡bi Rb¨ Aaxi wP‡Ë
cªZx¶v Ki‡Z jvMj| wKQy¶Y ev‡` `~i ‡_‡K †gvUi f¨v‡bi
MR©b †kvbv †Mj| n¨vu Iiv Avm‡Q| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z ˆmb¨evnx
Mvox G‡Kev‡iB Kv‡Q G‡m coj| ˆmb¨‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡Ki
Kv‡QB B‡Ui cvuRvwU mycwiwPZ| HwU‡K fy‡j hvIqv Zv‡`i
c‡¶ †Kvb g‡ZB m¤¢e bq, wKš‘ AvRI †h †KD Zv‡`i
AvKªgY Kivi Rb¨ Gi Avov‡j IZ †c‡Z e‡m _vK‡Z cv‡i,
GUv Zviv fve‡Z cv‡iwb| fve‡Z bv cviv A¯^vfvweKI bq|
wKš‘ Iiv GB ¯—ycUvi eivei Avm‡ZB cici wZbRb ‰mb¨
¸wjwe× n‡q c‡o †Mj| mevB †`L‡Z †cj, †K ev Kviv
Zv‡`i j¶¨ K‡i ¯—ycUvi Avovj †_‡K ¸wjel©Y K‡i P‡j‡Q|
m‡½ m‡½B ˆmb¨iv Gi cvëv Reve w`j| B‡Ui cvuRvUv‡K
j¶¨ K‡i Svu‡K Svu‡K ¸wj el©Y Pjj|
Gici †mB ¯—y‡ci †cQb †_‡K Avi †Kvb ¸wji
kã †kvbv †Mj bv| ˆmb¨iv GKUy mgq A‡c¶v
Kij, Zvici Qy‡U ‡Mj ¯—ycUvi mvg‡b| D`¨Z ivB‡dj evwM‡q
a‡i hLb Zviv cv‡q cv‡q †mB ¯—ycUvi †cQ‡b wM‡q `vuovj,
ZLb †`L‡Z †cj, †mBLv‡b GK e…‡×i i³v³ g…Z‡`n c‡o
Av‡Q|
wKš‘ A¯¿ ej‡Z †Kvb wKQy †mLv‡b bvB, ïay K‡qKUv
KvZ©y‡Ri †Lvj c‡o Av‡Q| Iiv eySj, GB e…‡×i m‡½ AviI
hviv wQj Zviv A¯¿mn cvwj‡q wM‡q‡Q| Avwg fvewQ, †hw`b
evsjv‡`k kÎygy³ n‡e, ¯^vaxb n‡e, †m w`b cweÎ GB
RvqMvwU‡Z †mB †MŠiegq cªwZ‡iva msMÖv‡gi ¯§viK wnmv‡e
GKwU ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ wK M‡o DV‡e? P›`ªM‡Äi hy‡×i ci my‡e`vi
jyrdi ingvb †bvqvLvjxi wewfbœ A‡j wkKv‡ii mÜv‡b Qy‡U
PjwQ‡jb| Zvui GK gyn~Z©I wekªv‡gi AeKvk †bB| wZwb cvK
‰mb¨‡`i MwZwewa m¤ú‡K© `¶ wkKvixi gZ Zx¶è mÜvbx `…wó
wb‡q wdiwQ‡jb| gyw³evwnbxi ¸ßP‡iiv wbZ¨ bZyb msev`
wb‡q Avm‡Q| Avi †mB m~Î AbymiY K‡i Zv‡`i gyw³evwnbx
†hLv‡bB my‡hvM cv‡”Q, †mLv‡bB kÎy‡`i Dci Nv w`‡q
P‡j‡Q|
AvNv‡Zi ci AvNvZ nv‡bv KLbI WvB‡b KLbI evu‡q,
KLbI mvg‡b †_‡K, KLbI ev †cQb ‡_‡K| I‡`i Aw¯’i Avi
cvMj K‡i †Zvj| I‡`i †Kvb mgq ¯^w¯—‡Z ev kvwš—‡Z _vK‡Z
w`I bv, I‡`i cÖwZwU gyn~Z© `~ifvebvq KvUyK| Iiv †hb Ny‡gi
g‡a¨I `~?:¯^cœ ‡`‡L AvuZ‡K D‡V| gyw³evwnbx GB bxwZ
AbymiY K‡iB KvR K‡i PjwQj| Iiv nvgjvKvix‡`i wbwðZ
g‡b wekªvg Ki‡Z †`‡ebv, wb‡RivI wekªvg †b‡ebv|
GwcÖ‡ji †klfvM| Lei Gj, GK`j ‰mb¨ Kywgj¬vi jvKmvg
†_‡K †Uª‡b †bvqvLvjxi †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡b G‡m †cŠuQy‡e|
jyZdi ingvb GB Lei cvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Zvui mnKg©x‡`i
m‡½ civgk© Ki‡Z em‡jb| w¯’i †nvj, I‡`i webv evavq
G‡Mv‡Z †`Iqv n‡ebv, †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡bB GB
nvgjvKvix‡`i Dci nvgjv Ki‡Z n‡e| †ij‡÷k‡b PovI
n‡q AvKªgY| nq‡Zv †mRb¨ gyw³evwnbx‡K †ek wKQyUv g~j¨
w`‡Z n‡e, A‡bK ¶q¶wZ eiY K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| Zv †nvK, GB
wkKvi‡K wKQy‡ZB dm‡K †h‡Z †`Iqv Pj‡e bv|
wKš‘ Gevi Avi P›`ªM‡Äi gZ mvZRb gyw³‡hv×v w`‡q
Pj‡ebv| Gevi Avi Av‡MKvi gZ Avovj †_‡K hy× bq, hy×
Pj‡e cªKvk¨, gy‡LvgywL| I‡`i ‰mb¨ msL¨v eo Kg bq,
181
m~wPcÎ |
AvKªgY Ki‡Z n‡j †ek wKQyUv kw³ msMªn K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
†mB Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨B cÂvkRb mk¯¿ gyw³‡hv×v‡K
†mvbvBgywo‡Z G‡b Ro Kiv †Mj| Aek¨ hZ`~i Rvbv wM‡q‡Q
‰mb¨‡`i msL¨v Gi‡P‡qI A‡bKUv †ekx, Zv †nvK, GB kw³
wb‡qB I‡`i m‡½ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e|
wbw`©ó mg‡q ‰mb¨evnx ‡UÖbUv †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡b G‡m ‡cŠQj|
gyw³evwnbx Kv‡QB †Kvb GKUv RvqMvq jywK‡q wQj| †UªbUv
G‡m †cŠQvevi mv‡_ mv‡_B ivB‡djavix gyw³‡hv×viv
we`¨~ZMwZ‡Z Qy‡U G‡m †UªbUv‡K †NivI K‡i †djj| m‡½
m‡½ Zviv †Uª‡bi Av‡ivnx‡`i j¶¨ K‡i ¸wj Pvjv‡Z jvMj|
Iiv Mvoxi BwÄbUv‡KI j¶¨ K‡i ¸wj QyuowQj| WªvBfvinxb
†UªbUv APj n‡q †Mj|
cÖKvk¨ w`ev‡jv‡K GBfv‡e AvKªvš— n‡Z n‡e, cvK ‰mb¨iv Zv
KíbvI Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| Zvici NUbvUv GZ `ª“Z N‡U †Mj †h,
GKUy mgq Iiv nZf¤^ Avi ¯—ä n‡q iBj| ci gyn~‡Z©B Zviv
Zv‡`i ivB‡dj evwM‡q a‡i ûogyo K‡i Kvgiv †_‡K c¬vUd‡g©i
Dci †b‡g co‡Z jvMj| I‡`i g‡a¨ K‡qKRb‡K Kvgiv
‡_‡K bvgevi Av‡MB gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¸wj‡Z cªvY w`‡Z nj|
Gevi `yÕc‡¶ ïi“ n‡q †Mj hy×| GeviKvi evsjv‡`‡ki
gyw³msMÖv‡g †ij‡÷k‡bi Dci G ai‡bi jovB Avi †Kv_vI
N‡U‡Q e‡j †kvbv hvqwb| †bvqvLvjxi †mvbvBgywo †ij‡÷kb
GRb¨ ¯§iYxq n‡q _vK‡e| cªvq wZbN›Uv a‡i G jovB Pjj|
GB hy‡× cuqwÎkR‡bi gZ cvK ˆmb¨ wbnZ n‡qwQj|
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i QqRb knx` n‡jb| BwZg‡a¨ LeiUv Pvwiw`‡K
Qwo‡q c‡owQj| Lei †c‡q N›UvwZ‡bK ev‡` AvKªvš— cvK-
‰mb¨‡`i mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ †PŠgynbx †_‡K mvgwiK f¨v‡b K‡i
GK`j ‰mb¨ NUbv¯’‡j G‡m †cŠQj| Gevi cvK ‰mb¨‡`i
†gvU msL¨v `vuovj AvovBk‡Zi Dc‡i| nZvn‡Zi ev` w`‡q
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msL¨v ZLb AvbygvwbK Pwj¬k G G‡m `vuwo‡q‡Q|
GB Ae¯’vq hy× Pvwj‡q hvIqvUv wbe©yw×Zvi bvgvš—i gvÎ|
gyw³‡hv×viv Ggb fyj KLbI K‡ibv| Zviv †hgb we`¨~rMwZ‡Z
G‡m AvKªgY K‡iwQj, †Zgwbfv‡eB NUbv¯’j †_‡KB A`…k¨
n‡q †Mj| cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv Zv‡`i †cQb †cQb avIqv K‡i
AvKªgY Ki‡Z †Póv K‡iwQj, wKš‘ Zv‡`i †m †Póv e¨_© nj|
iweDj †nv‡mb KwP m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K
cªKvwkZ ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq
Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj|
kªxcy‡ii MYnZ¨v
Z. g. dvi“K
†mvbvcyi †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfvi me©`w¶‡Yi GKwU ‡QvU
Mªvg| Gi Pvicv‡k gneŸZcyi, kªxcyi, Rvwjqvj,
Kwigcyi, †MvcvB I cwðg e`ixcyi| Kwe eyׇ`e emyi
¯§…wZ weRwoZ †bvqvLvjx kniwU Gi †`o wK‡jvwgUvi
`w¶‡Y wQ?j GK`v| cvwK¯—vbx ‰¯^ikvm‡bi †MvUv
mgqUv †mvbvcyi wQ‡jv †bvqvLvjxi cªvY‡K›`ª| GLv‡b
†Rbv‡ij AvBqy‡ei cÖwZ we‡¶vf n‡q‡Q, †gRi †Rbv‡ij
AvRg Lv‡bi cªwZ Ôwd‡i hvIÕ aŸwb D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q,
cvwK¯—vwb Rvš—vi `vjvj d.Kv †PŠayixi cªwZ N…YvwgwkªZ
Kv‡jv cZvKv DwÌZ n‡q‡Q| ˆ¯^ikvm‡Ki †`vmi GLv‡b
RbM‡Yi m¤§vbm~PK ivq cvqwb| 23 gvP© 1971 m‡bi
cieZ©x cÖ_g `k w`‡bi g‡a¨ AcwiYZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
`j msMwVZ n‡q‡Q| ¯’vbxq wgkbvix D”P we`¨vj‡q †evgv
evbv‡Z wM‡q cwðg e`ixcyi Mªv‡gi K…wZmš—vb evnvi“j
Avjg †PŠayix AvnZ n‡q‡Qb| cieZ©xKv‡j AvnZ
Ae¯’vq cªvY nvwi‡q‡Qb| mv¤cÖ`vwqK m¤cÖxwZ eRvq
†i‡L GB †mvbvcyi GjvKvi Ava wK‡jvwgUvi `~i‡Z¡
¯^vaxbZvi ci cªwZwôZ nq GKwU wn›`y mvayi AvLov I
GKwU Lªx÷vb‡`i MxR©v| 400 eM© wKwg web¨¯— wekvj
P‡ii cðv‡Z kvwš—c~Y© Rbc` †ewóZ †mvbvcyi evRvi I
msjMœ kªxcyi Mªv‡gi Dci cvwK¯—vwb AvKªgY I nZ¨vhÁ
GK weij wbôyi MYnZ¨v|
BmjvgcªxwZi K_v ev` w`‡jI cvwK¯—vwb‡`i GKUv
AnwgKv wQ‡jv Zv‡`i ‰mb¨evwnbxi ¶gZv I †hvM¨Zv
wb‡q| 18 Ryb 1971 mv‡ji we‡Kj 4Uv †_‡K 6Uv ch©š—
bviKxq nZ¨vh‡Ái KviY wK Ges ¯^vaxbZvhy‡×i mv‡_
GB aŸsmh‡Ái m¤úK© ‡Kv_vq- Zv wbY©q Kiv KwVb|
RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c`cªvß Bmjvg i¶vi msMVb cvwK¯—
v‡bi wbqwgZ ‰mb¨?evwnbx wb:m‡›`‡n GKwU myk…•Lj
KvVv‡gvi wfZi w`‡q M‡o D‡V‡Q| wbqwgZ cªwk¶Y
¶gZv‡K K‡i‡Q mymsMwVZ| GiKg AnwgKvq cª`xß
†`‡ki ˆmb¨evwnbxi AvPiY I wk¶vi ev¯—e cªKvk fvevi
welq| †h †Kvb iv‡óÖi wbR¯^ msMVb Zvi ˆmb¨evwnbx|
nZ¨v, aŸsm, AvKªgY ev cªwZ‡iva †h †Kvb Kv‡RB Zvi
D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K| KviYnxb mvgwiK G¨vKkb ‰mb¨, ivóÖ I
ivóÖ cwiPvjK‡`i e¨vcv‡i fxwZi mÂvi Kiv Qvov Avi
†Kvb A_© enb K‡i bv| mg‡q fvovwUqv eyw×
e¨emvqx‡`i gva¨‡g †cvlvwK gvbecªxwZ, Z_vKw_Z
gymwjg †`k cvwK¯—v‡bi cªwZ ggZv‡eva I Bmjvg`i`x
†m‡R mvaviY gvbyl‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡jI
I‡`i Avmj PwiÎ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡Z mgq †bqwb| AKvi‡Y
MYnZ¨v, m¤ú` jyÚb I MYZš¿ nZ¨vi Kv‡R cvwK¯—vwb
kvmK gn‡ji Rywo †bB| AvR ¯§…wZ‡ivgš’b K‡i
wknwiZ nw”Q- †Kgb K‡i cªZviK †kvlK‡kªYxi Là‡i
wQj evsjvi †gnbZx mvaviY gvbyl PweŸkwU eQi|
Gwcª‡j cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨evwnbxi nv‡Z kni cZ‡bi ci
w_wZ‡q AvmwQ‡jv D‡ËRbv| †bvqvLvjx kn‡i †Ru‡K e‡m
†M‡Q gymwjg jxM I Rvgv‡Zi cvwK¯—vwb `vjvj‡`i
cªkvmb| MwVZ nq kvwš— KwgwU, NvcwU gviv wbixn †m‡R
_vKv cvwK¯—vwb ‡`vmiiv evN n‡q Svuwc‡q co‡Q
¯^vaxbZvKvgx Rbmvavi‡Yi Dci| Ni-evox, ‡`vKvb-
cvU jyU n‡q QviLvi| kn‡ii wn›`y emwZ cªvq wbwðý|
†mvbvcyi GjvKvi Lªx÷vb Rb‡Mvôx wbwðZ †Kvbc¶B
Zv‡`i cªwZ weivM n‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zviv ¯^vaxbZv
msMªvgx‡`i c‡¶ bvbv mvnvh¨ mnvbyf~wZ‡Z Av¸qvb|
ZLbKvi †bvqvLvjxi PvjwPÎ A‡bKUv †kvKvnZ
gv‡qi †kvK mvg‡j IVvi ci axi gš’i MwZ‡Z msmv‡ii
nv?j aivi gZ Ae¯’v| ¯^vaxbZvi `xwß Av¸‡bi g‡Zv
evsjv †cªwgK‡`i ü`‡q R¡j‡Q| Amnvq gvby‡liv cªZ¨¶
Ki‡Q ivRvKvi, gymwjg jxM, Avi RvgvwZ‡`i RNb¨Zg
KvR¸‡jv| g‡b c‡o GK wn›`yi evmv `L‡ji ci
UvB‡Uj cvm Rvgv‡Zi kni †bZv ¯^n‡¯— MvQ ‡K‡U mvd
K‡i †dj‡Qb| we¯§qvwff~Z `k©‡Ki wRÁvmv, ÒMv‡Qi
182
m~wPcÎ |
wK ‡`vlÓ? Bmjvgcš’x gvIjvbvi msw¶ß Reve- Òwn›`yi wPý
I ivL‡ev bv, wn›`y Kv‡di, wn›`yi dyj I Kv‡diÓ| GB wQ‡jv
cvwK¯—vwb‡cªgx‡`i gvbwmKZv| †kvbv hvq GB gvIjvbv GLbI
ivRbxwZ K‡ib| GLbI evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi ¯^cœ
†`‡Lb| Av‡iK †KviAv‡b nv‡d‡Ri ‡bZ…‡Z¡ gyw³‡hv×v
wba‡bi ARynv‡Z LwjdvinvU GjvKvq wZbgv‡mi cªm~wZ
gwnjv‡K MYal©‡Yi ci Zvi †Mvcb A‡½ jeY-gwiP †g‡L
w`‡q ex‡ii g‡Zv hy× Rq K‡i cvlÛiv| bvw`i kvnxi Kvq`vq
jywÚZ `ªe¨ Giv ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ fvMev‡Uvqviv KiZ| G meB
cvwK¯—v‡bi AL Zv eRvq ivLvi jovB‡qi BwZnvm| Bmjv‡gi
gnË¡‡K Kvwjgv wjß Kivi Rb¨ ag©e¨emvqx I ¶gZvwjáy
wckv‡Piv `vqx| gymjgvb I Bmjvg KLbI gvby‡li g½j Qvov
¶wZi wPš—v K‡i bv| †Kvb AZ¨vPvix RyjygevR †kvl‡Ki mv‡_
Aš—Z Avi hvB ‡nvK gymjgvb‡`i m¤úK© _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
†mvbvcyi bv‡gi AeZviYv w`‡q GB UyK‡iv K_v †jLv ïi“
K‡iwQjvg| †mvbvcy‡i msMwVZ cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i wbi_©K
nZ¨v I aŸsmh‡Ái NUbv †Kv_vI wee…Z nqwb| Av‡MB ejv
n‡q‡Q evsjvi `w¶‡Y †ij Avi cvKv mo‡Ki _g‡K hvIqv
Rbc` Ô‡mvbvcyiÕ mvnmx gvby‡li myLx I Amv¤cÖ`vwqK Rxeb
Avi wPi`wi`Ö ‡L‡U LvIqv Rb‡mÖv‡Zi GK Avðh© Avkªq| gvÎ
GK eM©wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv‡K wi·vi PviYf~wg ejv hv‡e|
gmwR` gv`ªvmvi cxV¯’vb ejv hv‡e| wn›`y-Lªx÷v‡bi wgjb¯’vb
ejv hv‡e, Avi ejv hv‡e wk¶vi ‡K›`Öf~wg|
1971 mv‡ji 18 Ryb| gvÎ 400 MR iv¯—vi `yB av‡i ÔwUÕ
A¶‡ii gZ mvRv‡bv †QvU †QvU †`vKv‡bi cmiv e‡m‡Q|
GKcv‡k Ajmfv‡e ï‡q _vKv jvj ‡ij‡÷kb Ni, Zv‡ii
cyKyi, eKwki gmwR`, `wi`ªZg gvby‡li Mv‡q jvMv N‡ii
PwijvB, iwm` wngvMvi, KqnvZ c‡iB †eox evu‡ai †Kvj‡Nu‡l
†b‡g †M‡Q `w¶‡Y eû`~‡i †R‡M IVv P‡ii mgv‡ivn| mycvwi
Pviv, bvwi‡Kj I Kjvi cvZvi Av‡o †QvU †QvU N‡ii weij
emZ| mKvj Mwo‡q `ycyi n‡q‡Q, `ycy‡ii Nyg ¯—äZv †f‡½ Pv-
†`vKv‡bi †Kvjvnj- weKvj bvg‡Q ax‡i ax‡i| gmwR`-
gv`ªvmvi AvRvb Avi ˆeKvwjK †Uª‡bi k‡ã †R‡M DV‡Q
gneŸZcyi, kªxcyi, cwðg e`ixcyi Avi Kwigcyi|
†ejv PviUvq Dˇii cvKvmoK a‡i Qy‡U Gj kãgq `vbe
evm, UªvK, jwi| ¯’v‡b ¯’v‡b DM‡i w`‡jv PvBwbR A‡Uv‡gwUK
nv‡Z cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i| me©`w¶‡Y Qy‡U G‡m GKwU evm
_vg?‡jv| ÔwUÕ - Gi cwðg evû‡Z Qy‡U ‡M‡jv GK`j| DËi
w`‡Ki kªxcyi I Kwigcyi Mªv‡g XyK‡jv GK`j †mbv|
†gv³vievoxi Pvicvk wN‡i NbemwZi †N‡i Xy‡K †M‡jv cvwK¯—
vwb nvbv`viiv| DËi †mvbvcyi GjvKvq Av‡MB ‡b‡g c‡owQ‡jv
GK`j| cvwK¯—vwb †mbv`‡ji †Kvb †NvlYv †bB, AbymÜvb
ZrciZv †bB, †bB †Kvb cªwZ‡iv‡ai cªZx¶v| ÔwUÕ- Gi
cwðgcªvš— †_‡K cª_g¸wji ms‡KZ cvIqv †M‡jv| mš¿¯— fxZ
†`vKv‡b e‡m-`vuwo‡q _vKv gvbyl, Amnvq †QvUvQywU, wbwe©Pv‡i
jyU Ki‡Q| ¸wj Ki‡Q Av¸b jvMv‡”Q Zviv| gyû‡Z© PviÕk MR
GjvKv bi‡K cwiYZ n‡jv| `vD `vD K‡i R¡‡j DVj Av¸b,
†R¡‡j †Mj †`vKvb, Ni-evox, Lyb n‡q †M‡jv kZvwaK Rb
gvbyl| cy‡o QvB n‡q †M‡jv A‡b‡KB `yÕN›Uv mg‡qi g‡a¨
cªwZev` cªwZ‡ivanxb †mvbvcyi Avi Zvi Pvicv‡ki Mªv‡g †b‡g
Gj GK k¥kv‡bi wb¯—äZv| †`vKv‡b jvk,
†`vKv‡bi mvg‡b jvk, Wv³vi, Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q
Avmv ‡ivMx, wkï, hyeK, e…× ‡Kvb ¯—‡ii gvbylB †invB
cvqwb| Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi GB jvk n‡q hvIqv wbwe©‡iva
gvbyl¸‡jvi KvQ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi AvKywZ Qvov cvwK¯—vwb exi
‰mwbKiv †Kvb cÖwZ‡iv‡ai m¤§yLxb nqwb| gyw³‡hv×vi nvwZqvi
`y‡i _vKyK, †Pvi Zvov‡bvi GKwU jvwV, ej¬g I Zv‡`i †Pv‡L
c‡owb| ZeyI Zv‡`i wRNvsmvi Av¸‡b cªvY w`‡q‡Q GKÕk
PweŸk Rb gymjgvb I GK Rb gywP| wi·vPvjK, gy‡U gRy‡ii
gv-‡ev‡bi B¾Z jywÚZ n‡q‡Q AMwYZ| cªexYv, hyeZx
c`©vbwkb bvixi †NvgUv D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q cvwK¯—vwb ee©i‡`i
Kvgwbôyi fqvj_vevq| GB Acgv‡bi K_v †KD †Kvbw`b
Rvb‡ebv| GB wbôyi nZ¨v, al©Y, jyÚ‡bi ¶Z ‡Kej Zxeª N„Yv
n‡q †R‡M Av‡Q †mw`‡bi cªZ¨¶`k©x‡`i g‡b| eû ‡QvU
e¨emvqx †`vKvb nvwi‡q wPiw`‡bi Rb¨ `wi`ª n‡q †M‡Q
¯^vaxbZv cieZ©x cybe©vmb Zv‡`i Rxe‡b Avw_©K ¯^w¯— Avi
wdwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡iwb †Kvbw`b| `yÕk cuwPkwU †QvU-eo †`vKv‡b
jyÚb Pvwj‡q cywo‡q QvB K‡i w`‡q‡Q| cvuPÕkwU cwiev‡ii
cªwZwU N‡i Xy‡K‡Q nvbv`vi| G jyÚb, al©Y Avi cvwj‡q †h‡Z
bv cviv gvbyl‡`i nZ¨v, cªwZwU cwiev‡i G‡b‡Q †kv‡Ki Ki“Y
Qvqv| cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨‡`i Ae¯’vb wQ‡jv `y N›Uv c‡bi wgwbU
gvÎ| ee©iZvi wb`vi“Y j¾¡v G‡`i ¯úk© K‡iwb| S‡oi †e‡M
G‡m S‡oi †e‡M wbivc‡` wd‡i‡Q, wek¦‡envqv wbj©¾
exicy½‡eiv| cvwK¯—vwb jxM-Rvgv‡Zi †mw`‡bi mv_xiv
gvby‡li `y`©kvq †n‡m weRqxi †e‡k †KvjvKywj K‡i‡Q|
‰mb¨evwnbxi †h †Kvb ÒGRj&UÓ G Aš—Z kÎyevwnbxi †Kvb bv
†Kvb ZrciZvi bgybv _v‡K| †mvbvcyi Acv‡ikb wQj VvÛv
gv_vi nZ¨vhÁ| wbixn gvby‡li i‡³ †nvwj‡Ljvi Drme|
†`ki¶v I Bmjv‡gi bv‡g ¶gZvi gmb‡` e‡m _vKv cvwK¯—
vwb nv‡qbv I Zv‡`i G‡`kxq †`vmi ivRvKvi-Avje`i‡`i
wbôyi †nvwj‡Ljvi Reve GKvˇi gyw³‡hv×viv w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘
a‡g©i bv‡g G ai‡bi wbôyiZvi Aemvb wK n‡q‡Q G‡`‡k?
iweDj †nv‡mb KwP m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K
cªKvwkZ ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq
Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj| †jLvwU cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj 1998
mv‡ji 2 RyjvB|
183
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kΓ‡mbvi wei“‡× †bvqvLvjxi Pvi hy×
mvBdyj Avjg Rvnv½xi
GKvˇii 25 gvP© iv‡Z 12Uvi ci cvKnvbv`vi evwnbx ïay
wbi¯¿ gvby‡li DciB AvKªgY K‡iwb Zviv GKm‡½ ivRvievM
cywjkjvBb, wcjLvbv (BwcAvi) K¨v¤ú I K¨v›Ub‡g›U¸‡jv‡Z
evOvjx RIqvb‡`i Ici Svuwc‡q c‡o|
†bvqvLvjxÕi K_vq Avwm| 25 gvP© Mfxi iv‡Z (A_©vr 26
gvP©) XvKv †_‡K †Rjv cªkvmK Rbve gÄyi“j Kwig, e½eÜyi
cª_g mvwii mnPi giûg Ave`yj gv‡jK DwKj I ZLbKvi
ˆ`wbK cvwK¯—v‡bi wi‡cvU©vi (eZ©gvb RbK‡Úi) Rbve Kvgvj
DwÏb Avn‡g‡`i Kv‡Q †Mvcb †g‡mR Av‡m †h, e½eÜy ‡kL
gywRei ingvb ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb Ges XvKvq RbZvi
m‡½ cvKnvbv`vi‡`i m¤§yL hy× Pj‡Q| Kvh¨©Ki e¨e¯’v Mªn‡Yi
wb‡`©k mshy³| m‡½ m‡½ †bvqvLvjx UvDb nj iƒc wb‡jv e…nËi
†Rjvi K‡›UÖvj i“‡g| wc.wU.AvB fe‡b Ae¯’vb wb‡jv
gyw³evwnbxi m`m¨iv| †hLv‡b wQ‡jv Aemicªvß mvgwiK evwn-
bx, Aemicªvß B.wc.Avi, Aemicªvß cywjk, I Avbmvi| wRjv
¯‹y‡j Ae¯’vb wb‡jv BDIwUwm I †Rwmwm †Uªwbscªvß K‡jR I
¯‹y‡ji QvÎiv| wRjv ¯‹yj K¨v¤ú BbPvR© wQjvg Avwg wb‡R|
wcwUAvB `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb A¨vW‡fv‡KU jyrdyi ingvb I †bfxi
KgvÛvi iwdK| Dfq †K‡›`Ö A¯¿ mieivn K‡ib 71 G
Ae¯’vbiZ ‡bvqvLvjxÕi wWwm-Gmwc †Rjv Avbmvi A¨vWRy‡U›U
I gnKygv Avbmvi A¨vW| UvDb nj K‡›UÖvji“‡gi `vwq‡Z¡
wQ‡jb giûg Gg.G. AvwRR| 1971 Gi 15 gvP© ‡_‡K GK
gvm †bvqvLvjx kÎygy³ wQ‡jv| Gi ci cvKevwnbx AvaywbK
A‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q †bvqvLvjx Zv‡`i `L‡j wb‡q hvq| Avgiv
mevB cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z P‡j hvB| †Uªwbs wb‡q (G †Rjvi
†Q‡jiv †`‡ki cª‡Z¨KwU †Rjvi hy‡× AskMªnY K‡i) mKj
gyw³‡hv×v Kª‡g Kª‡g fviZ †_‡K †`‡k cª‡ek K‡i| K‡qKwU
hy‡×i Kvwnbx:
ivRMÄ hy×
cy‡iv‡bv K‡j‡Ri c‡i ivRMÄ| 71 m‡bi 21 †m‡Þ¤^i
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 6 wU `j GKwÎZ n‡q cvKevwnbx‡K †gvKv‡ejv
Kivi Rb¨ ivRMÄ evRv‡ii PZyw`©‡K Ae¯’vb K‡i| ivRMÄ
evRvi †_‡K gvBR`x‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ cvKevwnbxÕi K‡›UÖvji“‡g
evievi †Uwj‡dv K‡i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cª¯—ywZ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ
Kiv nq Ges cvKevwnbx‡K hy‡×i Rb¨ Avnevb Rvbv‡bv nq|
26 †m‡Þ¤^i ch©š— gyw³evwnbxi 5wU `j‡K cªZ¨vnvi K‡i Ab¨
RvqMvq Acv‡ik‡b cvVv‡bv nq| ïay 1wU `j ivRM‡Ä iB‡jv|
cvKevwnbx GB Z_¨ †Mv‡q›`v gva¨‡g †R‡b Hw`b ivZ 3.30
wg: ivRMÄ evRv‡ii 5 w`K †_‡K AvKªgY Pvjvq|
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ivRM‡Ä Ae¯’vbiZ nv‡kg KgvÛv‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¶y`ª `jwU cÖwZ‡iva m„wó K‡i| cvKevwnbxi g~j
`jwU gvBR`x evRvi †_‡K QqAvwb iv¯—v w`‡q Awfhvb
cwiPvjbv K‡i| cyi‡bv †bvqvLvjx K‡j‡Ri KvQ †_‡K
cvKevwnbx 2 Bw gU©vi w`‡q dvqvi Ae¨vnZ iv‡L| Avi
cvKevwnbx 4wU `j AvaywbK A¯¿ k‡¯¿i mvnv‡h¨ gyw³evwnbxi
Dci e…wói gZ ¸wj el©Y Ki‡Z _v‡K| gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛvi
nv‡kg `…pZvi mv‡_ cvKevwnbxi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z _v‡K| 27
†m‡Þ¤^i mKvj 7.30 wg: ch©š— hy× K‡i gyw³evwnbx cªvq 23
Rb cvKnvbv`vi‡K nZ¨v K‡i| QqAvwb evRvi ‡_‡K
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 1wU `j KgvÛvi nv‡kg‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨
GwM‡q Avmvi †Póv Ki‡jI m¤§yL hy‡×i fqvenZvi Kvi‡Y
Zv‡`i †m cª‡Póv e¨_© nq| GK ch©v‡q gyw³evwnbxi
†Mvjvevi“` †kl n‡q hvq| KgvÛvi nv‡kg bxie n‡q cªvq 30
wg: wbR Ae¯’v‡b wU‡K wQ‡jb| kÎyc¶ G bxieZvi KviY
eyS‡Z ‡c‡i gyw³evwnbx‡K Pviw`K †_‡K wN‡i †d?‡j Ges
KgvÛvi nv‡kg‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| Gw`‡K gyw³‡hv×v
meyR I iwe cvKevwnbxi nv‡Z aiv c‡o| Zi“Y meyR (wcZv:
g…Z wmwÏK Dj¨v| _vbv: gv›`vix, †Rjv: †bvqvLvjx)I iwe
(wcZv: nwi‡gvnb mvnv, Mªvg: fevwbMÄ, †Rjv: j¶xcyi) GB
wQ‡jv `yBR‡bi wVKvbv| Ab¨w`‡K cvKevwnbxi †h `j ivRMÄ
AvKªgY K‡iwQ‡jv Zv‡`i nv‡Z gyw³‡hv×v †Mvjvg nvq`vi I
mwdK aiv c‡o| †Mvjvg nvq`vi‡K mv‡_ mv‡_ ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v
K‡i Ges mwdK‡K gvBR`x ‡Kv‡U© wb‡q hvq| cvK evwnbx H
GjvKv ‡_‡K Av‡iv 6 Rb‡K e›`x K‡i wb‡q hvq| cvK
nvbv`vi meyR, iwe, gvwbK I H 6 Rb †jvK‡K gvBR`x
†Rbv‡ij nvmcvZv‡ji c~e© DËi ‡Kv‡bi wewìs Gi Kv‡Q wb‡q
¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i MYKei ‡`q|
†Kv¤úvbxM‡Äi Zvj‡gvnv¤§` nv‡Ui hy×
hy×wU ïi“ nq 21 b‡f¤^iÕ 71 ivZ 3Uv †_‡K mKvj 10 Uv
ch©š—| GB hy‡×i g~jcwiKíbv K‡iwQ‡jb †Rjv we.Gj.Gd
KgvÛvi gvngy`yi ingvb †ejv‡qZ| Zvj‡gvnv¤§‡`i nv‡Ui
†MvWvD‡b 30/40 Rb wgwjwkqv I ivRvKv‡ii GKwU K¨v¤ú
wQj| Giv mvaviY ‡jvKR‡bi Ici AgvbywlK wbh©vZb
Ki‡Zv| m`i I †eMgM‡Ä 27/30 R‡bi 1wU gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
`j msMwVZ n‡q kÎyi GB K¨v‡¤úi Dci AvKªgY cwiPvjbv
K‡i| hy‡× m`i _vbv KgvÛvi mv‡eK WvKmyi mgvRKj¨vb
welqK m¤úv`K Awn`yi ingvb (A`y) knx` nb| Gici
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m`‡i Avbvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib †WcywU KgvÛvi
Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg| GB hy‡× AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v †mvbvcyi
GjvKvi gvCbywÏb Rvnv½xi (m`i _vbvi) hy‡× exiË¡c~Y©
Ae`vb ivLvq cieZ©x ch©v‡q exi cªZxK c`‡K f~wlZ nb|
m`i _vbv I`vi nv‡Ui hy×
w`b I mgq n‡jv 30 A‡±veiÕ71 `ycyi 12Uv †_‡K we‡Kj 4Uv
ch©š—| igRvb gv‡mi 9 ZvwiL `ycyi 12Uvq wm †Rv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡
I`vinvU cvKevwnbxi †`vmi‡`i m‡½ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i GK hy×
msMwVZ nq| GB hy‡× gwZb I nvwej`vi Lv‡j‡Ki Uxg mn
cªvq 40 Rb gyw³‡hv×v AvKªg‡Y AskMªnY K‡i| `xN© 4 N›Uv
¯’vqx GB hy‡× Dfq c‡¶ cªvq K‡qK nvRvi ivDÛ ¸wj wewbgq
K‡i| we‡Kj 4Uvq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 1wU †QvU-`j †KŠk‡j wewìs
Gi †`Iqv‡ji Kv‡Q Kªwjs K‡i †cŠ‡Q †Mª‡bW wb‡¶‡ci K_v
†Rv‡i ej‡j m‡½ m‡½ 26 Rb ivRvKvi A¯¿ Dc‡i Zy‡j
†LvjvRvqMvq `vuwo‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| G Ae¯’vq hyׇ¶‡Îi
Pvwiw`‡K 5/6 nvRvi mvaviY RbMY Ae¯’vb †bq| e›`xK…Z
26 Rb ivRvKvi‡K Ave`yj¨v wgqvi evoxi mvg‡b G‡b 3 iv¯—
vi ‡gv‡o ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i jvBb a‡i †d‡j iv‡L| G Lei
184
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gvBR`x wc.wU.AvB‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ cvKevwnbxi
wbKU †cŠQ‡j ciw`b mKvj 10Uvq Mvoxi eni
wb‡q cvKevwnbxi NUbv¯’‡j †cŠQvq|
cvKevwnbxi ‡gRi Mvox ‡_‡K †b‡g
ivRvKvi‡`i jvBb Kiv ï‡q _vKv jvk †`‡L
fxZ mš¿¯— n‡q ‡Kvb Acv‡ikb bv K‡i gvBR`x
P‡j Av‡m|
wcwUAvB GjvKvi hy×
†bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †kl hy×| hy× ïi“ nq 6
wW‡m¤^iÕ 71| ivwÎ 3.30 wg: †_‡K 7
wW‡m¤^iÕ71 Gi we‡Kj 3.10 wg: ch©š—| hy×
ïi“i c~‡e© 4 I 5 wW‡m¤^i cvK‡mbv I wgwjwkq-
viv Av‡¯— Av‡¯— ¯’vb Z¨vM K‡i Kywgj¬v Awfgy‡L
iIqvbv n‡q hvq| G e¨vcviwU ivRvKviivI
eyS‡Z cv‡i wb| Gw`‡K †bvqvLvjx †Rjv
we.Gj.Gd KgvÛvi (MYcªRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k
miKv‡ii wb‡`©‡k) Rbve gvngy`yi ingvb
†ejv‡qZ 5 wW‡m¤^i e…nËi †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi
cª‡Z¨KwU _vbv KgvÛvi‡`i
(we.Gj.Gd/GdGd/GgGd/wewW Gd) †K
wb‡`©k †`b cª‡Z¨K _vbv m`i `ßi AvKªgY K‡i
cy‡ivcywi kÎygy³ Ki‡Z| †h K_v †mB KvR|
mKj _vbvq hy‡×i mvR mvR ie c‡o hvq|
†Rjv m`‡ii wc.wU.AvB `L‡ji `vwqZ¡ c‡o
m`‡ii mKj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Dci| wc.wU.AvB
AvKªgY Ki‡Z G‡m gyw³‡hv×viv kn‡ii cÖ‡ek
c‡_ (1) bvnvi wewìs ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú (2)
gvBR`x ‡KvU© †÷kvb ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú (3) `‡Ëi
nvU ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú ¸wo‡q †`q| K¨v¤ú AvKªgY
Ki‡Z m`i cwðg AÂj †_‡K wm †Rv‡bi
KgvÛvi Av`gRxi kªwgK †bZv †gvnv¤§` Dj¨v I
Av`gRx PUK‡ji we`¨yr wefv‡Mi Kg©Pvix mwd
†bZv †bZ…Z¡ †`b| GB hy‡× Aemicªvß mvgwiK
evwnbx/ Avbmvi/ gyw³‡hv×v I Aemicªvß cywjk
Kg©KZ©vmn kZvwaK gyw³‡hv×v wm †Rv‡bi c‡¶
hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i| Zviv Rv‡g gmwR‡`i
cwð‡g Aew¯’Z †ibywgqv K›Uv±‡ii evox †_‡K
eZ©gvb bZyb evm÷¨vÛ ch©š— cy‡iv GjvKv wN‡i
†d‡j| DËi `w¶Y I c~e© AÂj ‡_‡K mKj
gyw³‡hv×v kn‡i D‡V evKx wZb w`K wN‡i
†d‡j| 6 wW‡m¤^i ivwÎ 3Uv †_‡K dvqvi Pvjy
K‡i| iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i wKQz ivRvKvi cvwj‡q
hvq| wc.wU.AvB ¯’vbwU msiw¶Z GjvKv|
ivRvKviiv †_‡K †_‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvKªg‡Yi
Reve ‡`q 303 ivB‡dj †_‡K|
Gw`‡K †dbx‡Z 2bs †m±‡ii mve †m±i
KgvÛvi K‡Y©j Rvdi Bgvg gvBR`x wc.wU.AvB
hy‡×i Lei †c‡q Zvi GKwU †mKkb wb‡q `ycy‡i
G‡m gvBR`x Ae¯’vb †bb Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
mKj Ae¯’vb I kÎyi Ae¯’vb †R‡b wb‡q kÎyi
Av¯—vbvq 2wU 2 Bw gUi †mj wb‡¶c K‡ib|
m‡½ m‡½ ivRvKviiv fq †c‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y
K‡i| Gici 7 wW‡m¤^i †bvqvLvjx †Rjv
cy‡ivcywi kÎygy³ n‡q hvq| GB hy‡× 2 Rb
gyw³‡hv×v AvnZ nb| Zvuiv n‡”Qb- (1) Avwgbyj
nK, Mªvg-`vgv`i, 2 bs `v`cyi BDwbqb, m`i|
Zvi Mjvq ¸wj jvM‡j wZwb KÚ¯^i nvwi‡q
†d‡jb| †`k ¯^vax‡bi ci giûg Ave`yj
gv‡jK DwKj Kj¨vY Uªv‡÷i fvZv cªvß
gyw³‡hv×v| (2) Ab¨Rb n‡”Q- Av`gRxi kªwgK
†Mvjvg †gv¯—dv| Mªvg-ivgK…òcyi, 3 bs
†bvqvbœB, m`i| Zvi †c‡U ¸wj jv‡M| wPwKrmvi
ci †m fv‡jv nq| wZwb RxweZ| wZwbI Kj¨vY
Uªv‡÷i fvZv cªvß gyw³‡hv×v|
†bvqvLvjx c~Y©v½ ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci
gyw³‡hv×viv ¶y`ª ¶y`ª fv‡e bvbv RvqMvq Ae¯’vb
†bq| e…nr AvKv‡i wQ‡jv (1) †bvqvLvjx wRjv
¯‹yj| (2) nwibvivqYcyi D”P we`¨vjq (3)
Avn¤§w`qv D”P we`¨vjq, †mvbvcyi|
2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© iweDj †nv‡mb KwP
m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K cªKvwkZ
¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi
cvZvq Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj|
¯§…wZ‡Z ‡bvqvLvjxi gyw³hy×
A¨vW‡fv‡KU mviIqvi-B-`xb
1969 mvj| 6 `dv I 1 `dvi msMÖvg Zy‡½| ‰¯^ivPvi AvBqy‡ei wei“‡× QvÎ
msMÖvg cwil‡`i 11 `dv RbZvi `vex‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Avwg ZLb QvÎ
BDwbqb (gwZqv Mªyc) Gi ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv kvLvi ‡m‡KªUvix| QvÎ ivRbxwZi
cvkv-cvwk Avwg kÖwgK ivRbxwZ‡Z Rwo‡q c‡owQ| ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv wi·v kÖwgK
BDwbq‡bi cÖwZôvZv mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e Avwg ZLb KvR KiwQjvg| mviv ‡`‡k
cvov gnj¬vq e½eÜyi wb‡`©‡k me©`jxq msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ n‡q‡Q|
gvBR`x evRv‡i AvÂwjK me©`jxq msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ n‡jv| giûg
mwdKyi ingvb n‡jb D³ msMÖvg cwil‡`i mfvcwZ Ges Avgv‡K Kiv n‡jv
‡m‡KªUvix| Ai“Y ¯‹y‡ji GKwU K‡¶ gvBR`x evwjKv we`¨vwb‡KZ‡bi Awdm
wQj| ‡mB Awd‡mB Avgiv msMÖvg cwil‡`i Awd‡mi KvR KiZvg| gvBR`x
kni wgwQ‡ji kn‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| GK w`b Ai“Y ¯‹y‡ji ¯‹vD‡Ui Wvwg
ivB‡dj nv‡Z gvBR`x evRvi ‡_‡K kn‡ii w`‡K GK HwZnvwmK wgwQj ‡ei
nq| Wvwg ivB‡dj Kvu‡a wb‡q Avgiv GK`j QvÎ/hyeK wgwQ‡ji cy‡iv fv‡M
‡k¬vMvb Zyjjvg, Òexi evOvjx A¯¿ ai – evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb KiÓ| ÒRv‡Mv Rv‡Mv -
evOvjx Rv‡MvÓ| ÒRq evsjv-Rq evsjv|Ó
18 ‡deÖqvix 1969 Zvwi‡L ‡mbevM cvK ‡mbviv QvÎ/RbZvi wgwQ‡j ¸wj
Qyuo‡j 2 Rb evOvjx wbnZ n‡qwQ‡jb| ‡mbev‡M ‡mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z 2Rb wbnZ
nIqvi Lei Qwo‡q co‡j mviv ‡`‡k we‡¶v‡fi Av¸b `vD `vD K‡i R¡‡j D‡V|
‡mbev‡M MYnZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` 19 ‡deÖqvix mviv ‡Rjvq niZv‡ji WvK ‡`q
‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv me©`jxq QvÎ msMÖvg cwil`|
19 ‡deÖqvwi 1969| ‡mbev‡M MYnZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` gvBR`x kn‡i me©vZ¥K
niZvj PjwQj| Avgiv gvBR`x evRv‡ii cÖavb mo‡Ki Dci B‡Ui ¯—yc w`‡q
weivU e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡iwQ| cvK ‡mbvevwnbx `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K G‡mB e¨vwi‡KW
m…wó K‡iwQ| cvK ‡mbvevwnbx `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K G‡mB e¨vwi‡K‡W evuavMÖ¯’ nq|
Avwg ‡mbv evwnbxi K¨vc‡U‡bi wR‡ci m¤§y‡L `vuwo‡q evav w`jvg Ges wP??rKvi
K‡i ej‡Z jvMjvg ‡mbev‡M ¸wj K‡i hv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Avgiv Zv‡`i
jvk PvB|
‡mbvevwnbxi K¨v‡Þb nVvr wRc ‡_‡K evR cvwLi gZ jvwd‡q c‡o Avgv‡K
Zvi wR‡c Zy‡j wb‡q QyU‡jv `w¶Y w`‡K| Dcw¯’Z K‡qK kZ QvÎ-RbZv ZLb
QÎf½ n‡q hvq| wRcwU `w¶‡Y eZ©gvb evm Uvwg©bvj ch©š— wM‡q Avevi Avgv‡K
wb‡q QyU‡jv gvBR`x evRv‡ii Dci w`‡q DËi w`‡K| eZ©gvb wU.wf ‡m›Uv‡ii
m¤§y‡L wM‡q K¨vc‡U‡bi wRc ‡_‡K ‡mbvevwnbxi UÖv‡K Avgv‡K Qy‡o ‡djj|
kn‡i ¸Re Qwo‡q coj ‡h Avgv‡K Avwg©iv ‡g‡i ‡d‡j‡Q| Gw`‡K
185
m~wPcÎ |
‡mbvevwnbxi Mvox eni ‡PŠgynbx ‡ij Kªwms‡qi ‡MU eÜ _vKvq
‡mLv‡b ‡_‡g hvq| cv‡ki cywjk dvuwo ‡_‡K KZ©e¨iZ I.wm
ieŸvbx mv‡ne ‡ewi‡q G‡m ‡mbvevwnbxi KvQ ‡_‡K Avgv‡K
cywjk dvuwo‡Z ‡i‡L ‡`b| ‡PŠgynbx K‡j‡Ri Qv·`i weivU
wgwQj Avm‡Z ‡`‡L ‡mbvevwnbxi eniwU Kywgj¬v K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui
w`‡K P‡j hvq|
ÒAvgv‡K Avwg©iv wb‡q ‡M‡QÓ G Le‡i gvBR`x kn‡i DËvj
RbZvi ‡mÖvZ iv¯—vq ‡b‡g Av‡m Ges Hw`b we‡Kj 4Uvq
ZrKvjxb e¨vivK gv‡V (eZ©gvb cvewjK ‡nj‡_i Awdm) weivU
Rb mgv‡e‡k Avgvi gyw³i `vex D‡V| ciw`b 20 ‡deÖyqvix
1969 Zvwi‡L cÖKvwkZ ‰`wbK B‡Ëdv‡Ki ‡nW jvB‡b
‡bvqvLvjxi G Lei Qvcv nq|
6 `dv I 11 `dvi MYAf¨_¡v‡b ‰¯^ivPvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U
AvBqye Lv‡bi cZb N‡U| ‡mbv cÖavb Bqvwnqv Lvb
mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi K‡i ¶gZv `Lj K‡i ‡`‡k mvaviY
wbe©vP‡bi ‡NvlYv ‡`q|
1970 mvj| mviv ‡`‡k mvaviY wbe©vPb n‡jv|
e½eÜyi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgxjxM GKK msL¨vMwiô `j
wn‡m‡e ‡K‡›`Ö Ges cÖ‡`‡k Rqjvf Ki‡jv| wKš‘ cvwK¯—
v‡bi mvgwiK Rvš—v wbe©vP‡bi dj ‡g‡b ‡bqwb| Zviv
e½eÜyi nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i bv K‡i ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡Ki
bv‡g evOvjx RvwZi wei“‡× loh‡š¿ wjß nq|
26 gvP© 1971| ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjvi ZrKvjxb ‡Rjv
cÖkvmK gÄyi“j Kwig mv‡ne ‡UwjMÖv‡g ‡g‡mR ‡c‡jb
e½eÜy AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| e½eÜy
RbM‡Yi wbe©vwPZ ‡bZv wn‡m‡e ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Kivq
26 gvP© c…w_exi gvbwP‡Î Òevsjv‡`kÓ bvgK GKwU ‡`‡ki
Af¨y`q N‡U|
27 gvP© 1971 ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö
‡_‡K ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv cvV K‡iwQ‡jb| GKRb evOvjx
mvgwiK Awdmv‡ii KÚ ‡_‡K ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv cvV Kiv
ZLbKvi mgq ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖv‡g Avgv‡`i‡K D¾xweZ
K‡iwQj|
‡bvqvLvjx‡Z gyw³hy× Pj‡Q| cÖ_‡g ‡dbx‡Z cvK ‡mbv‡`i
m‡½ gyw³hy‡×i m¤§yL hy× n‡jv| gvBR`x ‡_‡K Avgiv kZ kZ
QvÎ-RbZv ‡dbx‡Z wM‡q gyw³hy‡× mn‡hvwMZv K‡iwQjvg|
26 gvP© ‡_‡K 23 GwcÖj ch©š— ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv me©`jxq
msMÖvg cwil‡`i wbqš¿‡Y wQj| msev`cÎ wenxb ‡bvqvLvjx‡Z
‡cŠimfvi mvB‡K¬vóvBj ‡gwmb w`‡q Avgiv ‡Mvc‡b Òey‡jwUbÓ
Qvwc‡q Lei cÖPvi KiZvg| cwðg gvBR`xi PKªeË©x evox‡Z
wQj Avgv‡`i Òey‡jwUbÓ Qvcv‡bvi ‡Mvcb ¯’vb| ‡mRb¨
ivRvKvi evwnbx Afq PKªeË©x‡K a‡i ‡mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z awi‡q
w`‡j Zvu‡K b…ksmfv‡e ‡PŠgynbx ‡UKwbK¨vj ¯‹y‡j G‡b nZ¨v
K‡i|
23 GwcÖj 1971 cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx jvKmvg ‡_‡K moK
c‡_ ‡bvqvLvjx‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| Avgiv GK`j hyeK cÖwk¶‡Yi
Rb¨ fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv P‡j hvB| AvMiZjvq dÖvóg ‡nv‡÷j
bvgK K¨v‡¤ú b¨vc (‡gvt) QvÎ BDwbqb KwgDwbó cvwUiÖ ‡hŠ_
D‡`¨v‡M ‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbxi cÖwk¶Y msMwVZ Kivi KvR
P‡j| Avgiv Kgv‡Û cÖ_‡gB 24 R‡bi GKwU Mªyc wb‡q Avwg
AvMiZjv ‡_‡K Avmv‡gi ‡ZRcy‡i cÖwk¶‡Y P‡j hvB|
cÖwk¶Y ‡k‡l Avwg 24 R‡bi 102 bs ‡Mwijv Mªyc wb‡q
evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i cÖ‡ek Kwi| Ges ‡Mwijv wiKªyU K‡i
evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i w`‡Z _vwK| ZrKvjxb ‡bvqvLvjx m`i
gnKygv eZ©gvb ‡bvqvLvjx j¶xcyi ‡Rjvi KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e
`vwqZ¡ wb‡q Avwg ‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbx cwiPvjbv K‡i gyw³hy‡×
AskMÖnY Kwi|
gyw³hy× PjvKv‡j Avgvi evwnbxi ‡gvU 10 Rb ‡Mwijv knx`
n‡q‡Qb| 11 b‡f¤^i ‡ewZqvivq knx` nb 11
Rb gyw³‡hv×v|
1 wW‡m¤^i 1971| Avwg PvUwL‡ji ‡`ŠjZcyi ‡_‡K 80
R‡bi ‡Mwijv evwnbx ‡mvgcvovq Ave`yj¨vi evox‡Z hvÎv
weiwZ K‡i ‡fvi iv‡Z gv›`vix kÎyK¨v‡¤ú GKKfv‡e AvKªgY
PvjvB Ges hy× K‡i gv›`vix gy³ Kwi|
3 wW‡m¤^i gv›`vix evRv‡ii PZyw`©K ‡NivI K‡i gv›`vix nvB
¯‹yj gv‡V GK weivU mgv‡ek Kwi| 1 wW‡m¤^i gv›`vix gy³ K‡i
Avgiv hLb `Ëcvov nvB ¯‹yj gv‡V wekÖvg wbw”Qjvg ZLb H
GjvKvi 6 R‡bi GKwU gyw³‡hv×v `j mvnveywχbi Kgv‡Û
gv›`vix Awfgy‡L hvIqvi mgq cvK wgwjwkqv evwnbxi
¸wj‡Z 1 Rb gyw³‡hv×v ¸wjwe× n‡q knx` nb|
16 wW‡m¤^i Avgiv weRq jvf Kijvg| 3 Rvbyqvix
1972 ‡bvqvLvjx ‡KvU© wewìs Gi m¤§y‡L ‡c‡Ûj ‰Zwi
K‡i AvbyôvwbK fv‡e cÖkvm‡bi wbKU Avgv‡`i ‡hŠ_
‡Mwijv evwnbxi A¯¿ Rgv w`‡qwQ| Hw`b A¯¿ Rgv ‡`qvi
mgq ZZKvjxb ‡R?jv cÖkvmK ‡R. Gj. `v‡mi Aby‡iv‡a
‡KvU© wewìs G Dcw¯’Z _vKv knx` ivóÖcwZ wRqvDi
ingvb ‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i cÖwk¶Y w`‡q Ges fviZ ‡_‡K
ch©vqKª‡g cÖwk¶Y ‡k‡l Avgv‡`i ‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbxi
m`m¨ msL¨v e…nËi ‡bvqvLvjx‡Z 450 R‡b DwbœZ
n‡qwQj| gyw³hy× `xN©vwqZ n‡j wf‡qZbv‡gi Kjv‡KŠk‡j
Avgv‡`i ‡Mwijv evwnbx gyw³hy× Pvwj‡q hvevi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ
wQj|
9 gvm mk¯¿ jovB‡qi ci 7 wW‡m¤^i exi ‡e‡k hy×
Ki‡Z Ki‡Z gyw³‡hv×viv ‡bvqvLvjx kni gy³ Ki‡jb|
gvBR`x ‡fv‡Kkbvj Bbw÷wUD‡U K¨v¤ú ¯’vcb Ki‡jb
KgvÛvi ‡gvkvid ‡nv‡mb| gvBR`x wc.wU.AvB‡Z ¯’vwcZ
n‡qwQj Avgvi Kgv‡Ûi b¨vc KwgDwbó cvwU© I QvÎ BDwb‡qi
‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbxi K¨v¤ú| Avgv‡`i Av‡iKwU K¨v¤ú ¯’vwcZ
n‡qwQj ‡PŠgynbx wewmK wewìs G| wc.wU.AvB ‡MB‡U Ògy³
‡bvqvLvjxÓ bv‡g ‡h ‡mŠawU `vuwo‡q Av‡Q GwU 7 wW‡m¤^i
‡bvqvLvjx gy³ nIqvi ¯^v¶i enb K‡i| ‡bvqvLvjx gy³ w`em
‡nvK gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbv mg…× cÖR‡b¥i ‡cÖiYvi Drm|
2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K cªKvwkZ
¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq Zz‡j
G‡b‡Qb gyKzj|
186
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GKRb cvwK¯—vwbi `„wó‡Z GKvˇii gyw³hy×
kIKZ ‡nv‡mb gvmyg
GKRb cvwK¯—vwbi `…wó‡Z eBwU A‡b‡KB c‡o‡Qb| wmwÏK
mvwj‡Ki DBU‡bm Uy mv‡iÛvi| wmwÏK mvwjK GKRb ‡gRi
wQ‡jb, ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq cÖavb Rbms‡hvM Kg©KZ©v wQ‡jb,
16 wW‡m¤^i AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi ci hy×e›`x wn‡m‡e fviZ hvb|
gyw³ ‡c‡q GB eBwU wj‡LwQ‡jb| GB eBwU A·‡dvW©
BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm ‡_‡K 1977 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|
GKRb cvwK¯—vbxi ‡jLv GB eBwU Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i
Dci Avš—R©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z GKwU eB wnmv‡e MY¨| e‡j
ivwL wmwÏK mvwjK we‡MÖwWqvi _vKv Ae¯’vq 1988 mv‡ji 17
AvM÷ wegvb `~N©Ubvq gviv hvb, ‡cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDj n‡Ki
mdim½x wQ‡jb wZwb|
ejv hvq eBwU GKRb cvwK¯—vbxi `…wó w`‡q Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv
hyׇK ‡`Lv| A‡b‡KB e‡j _v‡Kb e½eÜy ¯^vaxbZv Pvbwb ev
‡¯^”Qvq aiv w`‡q `‡ji cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡iwQ‡jb
BZ¨vw`| wKsev Rvgvqv‡Zi f~wgKv wb‡qI A‡b‡K A‡bK wKQy
e‡jb| e‡jb Avj e`i-ivRvKvi wb‡q A‡bK K_v| A‡bK
cÖ‡kœi DËiB cvIqv hv‡e eBwU ‡_‡K|
ïi“Uv GiKg| GK Aev½vwj mvsevw`K ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi
mv¶vZKvi wb‡q‡Qb| Zvui ARv‡š—B mv¶vZKvi ‡iKW© Kiv
nq| ‡mB ‡iKW© c‡i ‡kvbv‡bv nq A‡bK‡KB| ‡Mv‡q›`v
ms¯’viv e½eÜyi K_vevZ©vi Av‡iv GKwU ‡Mvcb ‡iKW© msMÖn
K‡i| `‡ji wKQy ‡bZv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ejv Zvi GB ‡iKW© P‡j
hvq ‡Mv‡q›`v‡`i nv‡Z|
Kx e‡jwQ‡jb e½eÜy? ÔAvgvi j¶¨ evsjv‡`k cÖwZôv Kiv|
wbe©vPb ‡kl n‡ZB Bqvwnqvi Kiv wjMvj ‡dÖgIqvK© AW©vi
Avwg UyKiv UyKiv K‡i wQ‡o ‡d‡j ‡`‡ev| wbe©vPb GKevi
‡kl n‡j ‡K Avgv‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡e?Õ
Bqvwnqv GB ‡iKW© ‡kvbvi ci w¶ß n‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, Ô‡m hw`
Avgvi m‡½ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i Zvn‡j Avwg Zv‡K dvuwm‡Z
Syjv‡ev|Õ
wmwÏK mvwjK GKvwaKevi e‡j‡Qb ‡h, hLbB e½eÜy‡K 6
`dv wb‡q K_v ej‡Z bv Kiv n‡Zv ZLbB wZwb ej‡Zb ‡h,
ÔAvgv‡K ‡MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvb| Avi hw` Avwg 6 `dv wb‡q
bv ewj Zvn‡j Avgvi `‡ji ‡jv‡KivB Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ‡dj‡e|Õ
wmwÏK mvwjK e‡j‡Qb, GUv wQj ‡kL gywR‡ei GK ai‡Yi
‡KŠkj| GB ‡KŠkj A‡bKeviB Ki‡Zb wZwb|
7 gv‡P©i fvlY wb‡q wmwÏK mvwjK Kx wj‡L‡Qb ‡mUv ‡`Lv
hvK| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb, mvgwiK miKvi Rvb‡Z cvi‡jv ‡h 7
gvP© ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv w`‡Z cv‡ib gywRe| GUv wb‡q cÖej
DrKÉv ‰Zwi n‡jv| 6 gvP© AvIqvgx jxM Mfxi ivZ ch©š—
‰eVK K‡iI P~ovš— wm×vš— wb‡Z cvi‡jv bv| Bqvwnqv ‡Kv‡bv
‡NvlYv bv ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ gywRe‡K wPwV ‡j‡Lb| GKB m‡½ c~e©
cvwK¯—vb miKvi‡K mk¯¿ Ae¯’v cÖ¯—yZ _vKvi Rb¨ e‡j ‡`Iqv
nq| XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui wRIwm AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `y‡bZv‡K
‡W‡K e‡j ‡`b hw` gywRe ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`q Zvn‡j
i³M½v eB‡e Ges GB ‡`‡k kvmb Kivi ‡jvKI _vK‡e bv,
kvmKI _vK‡e bv| Hw`b gvwK©b ivóÖ`~Z dvij¨vÛ gywR‡ei
m‡½ ‡`Lv K‡i e‡j ‡`q gywRe hy³iv‡óÖi KvQ ‡_‡K ‡Kv‡bv
mnvqZvB cv‡e bv|
Gme Kvi‡YB Hw`b gywRe ¯^vaxbZvi ‡Kv‡bv ‡NvlYv w`‡Z
cv‡ibwb|
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Ki‡Zv ‡h gywRe ‡ei n‡q Avm‡e Ges ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡e| Gi
wecix‡Z wKQy Wvbcš’x cvwK¯—vwb‡`i mg_©‡b GwM‡q G‡mwQj|
‡hgb, KvDwÝj gymjxg jx‡Mi LvRv Lvqi“wÏb, Kb‡fbkb
gymwjg jx‡Mi dRjyj Kv‡`i ‡PŠayix, KvBqyg gymjxg jx‡`i
Lvb meyi G Lvb, Rvgv‡Z Bmjvwgi Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg AvRg
Ges wbRvg-B-Bmjvwg cvwU©i ‡gŠjex dwi` Avn‡g`|
wmwÏK mvwj‡Ki fvlvq, Giv mevB 1970 Gi wbe©vP‡b
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kv‡Q civwRZ n‡qwQj Ges ev½vwj‡`i Kv‡Q
Zv‡`i MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv wQj LyeB Kg| gvbyl mvaviY fv‡e g‡b
Ki‡Zv Giv mevB APj gy`Öv hv‡`i cvK Avwg© bZyb K‡i
Pvjv‡Z ‡Póv Ki‡Q| cvwK Avwg© Zv‡`i ¸i“Z¡ w`Z Ges
Zv‡`i civgk© ïb‡Zv|
eBwU‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q, G mg¯— ‡`k‡cÖwgK cvwK¯—vwb‡`i ‡`Iqv
Z_¨ Abyhvqx wewfbœ RvqMvq AwfhvbI Pvjv‡bv n‡Zv| ‡KD
‡KD cvwK¯—v‡bi ALÛZv ivL‡ZB mTvqZv w`‡q‡Q Avevi
‡KD ‡KD wb‡R‡`i kΓ wnmv‡e AvIqvgxcš’x‡`i asm Ki‡Z
cvK Avwg©‡`i e¨envi K‡i‡Q| wmwÏK mvwjK D`vniY w`‡q
e‡j‡Qb, GKRb Wvbcš’x ivRbxwZwe` GKwU wK‡kvi ‡Q‡j‡K
wb‡q GmwQj gvk©vj j ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i| ‡m Rvbvq ‡h Zvi
Kv‡Q we‡`Övnx‡`i Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ Av‡Q| wmwÏK mvwjKB
Zv‡K wb‡q hvq GKRb wbw`©ó Avwg© Awdmv‡ii Kv‡Q| ‡mLv‡b
‡mB ivRbxwZwe` Rvbvq ‡h, eywoM½v cvi n‡q ‡KivwbM‡Ä
gyw³evwnbx AvkÖq wb‡q Av‡Q Ges Zviv ‡mLvb ‡_‡K cvwj‡q
G‡m‡Q Lei w`‡Z| mv‡_ mv‡_ wekvj evwnbx wb‡q cvK Avwg©
Awfhvb Pvjvq Ges mevB‡K ¸wj K‡i gviv nq| Awfhvb
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bvix I wkï| wmwÏK mvwjK GB NUbvi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K `vqx
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MYmg_©b wQj bv| Bmjvg I cvwK¯—v‡bi bvg wb‡q wKQy ‡jvK
Rxe‡bi SuywK wb‡q Zv‡`i mg_©b w`‡qwQj| GB
‡`k‡cÖwgK‡`i (Zvi fvlvq) wQj g~jZ `yB fvM| Gi g‡a¨
eq¯‹iv wQj kvwš— KwgwUi m`m¨ Ges Aí eq¯‹iv ivRvKvi|
Giv cvK Avwg© I ¯’vbxq Awaevmx‡`i g‡a¨ ms‡hvM wnmv‡e
KvR Ki‡Zv| ivRvKvi‡`i mk¯¿ AvKvi ‡`Iqv nw”Qj|
Z‡e ‡m‡Þ¤^‡i cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K Awf‡hvM Av‡m ‡h, cvK
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Awf‡hvM cvIqvi ci wmwÏK mvwjK wj‡L‡Qb ‡h, ‡j. ‡R.
wbqvwR Zv‡K GKw`b WvK‡jb| ‡W‡K ej‡jb ‡h, GLb ‡_‡K
ivRvKvi‡`i Avj e`i I Avj kvgm e‡jI WvK‡e| hv‡Z
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GB Avj e`i I Avj kvgm Zv‡`i Rb¨ A‡bK Kó K‡iwQj|
wKQy evowZ Z_¨-
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‡`wL Gi BwZnvm| Avj e`i cÖ_g m…wó n‡qwQj Rvgvjcyi
kn‡i| cÖwZôvZv wQj ‡gv‡gbkvnx ‡Rjvi Bmjvwg QvÎ ms‡Ni
(GivB c‡i QvÎ wkwei) mfvcwZ Avkivd ‡nvmvBb| c‡i
RvgvqvwZiv Gi ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡K›`Öxqfv‡e wb‡q ‡bq| Avj e`i
‡K›`Öxq nvB Kgv‡Ûi mviv cvwK¯—vb cÖavb wQj gwZDi ingvb
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187
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wcÖq wKQy jvBb, wKQy ¯—eK Uy‡K ‡i‡L‡Qb Av‡bvqvi
cvkv| G‡Ki ci GK jvBb¸‡jv c‡o ‡h‡Z _vwKÑ ÔGB
c…w_exi fv‡jv wcÖq ‡iv‡`i g‡Zvb ‡Zvgvi kixiÕ|
w`b¶Y ‡jLv ‡bB, evuKv b`xi g‡Zv bxj Avi Rv`yN‡ii
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cv‡i / i‡q hve; wZwb i‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb, evsjvq, XvKvq|
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mva XvKvq e‡mB wK ‡c‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb? ‡Kb ‡`kvš—ix
nbwb, ‡e‡Q ‡bbwb cÖev‡mi DØv¯—y Rxeb? wZwb ‡Zv ¯úó
Rvb‡Zb, evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡e Avi G Rb¨ g~j¨
cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e i³ w`‡q| wZwbB ‡Zv ¯^vaxb evsjv
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi DÌvb‡K weR‡qiB evZ©v e‡j wb‡RiB
Dcb¨v‡m D‡j¬L K‡iwQ‡jb| nq‡Zv ‡f‡ewQ‡jb ‡Kb
Zv‡K gvi‡e cvwK¯—vwbiv| wZwb ‡Zv Avi hy‡× hvbwb!
‡Kb eyw×Rxex‡`i nZ¨v K‡i kvmK-‡kvlKiv? ‡Kb
‡jviKv‡K a‡i wb‡q wM‡q gv_vq ¸wj K‡i K‡i c‡_i
a~jvq jywU‡q ‡`q dÖv‡¼vi ¸Ûviv, e¬vK ‡¯‹vqvW hv‡`i
miKvwi bvg| ¯ú¨vwbk wmwfj Iqv‡ii mgq d¨vwm÷iv
AvIqvR ‡Zv‡jÑ eyw×Rxex‡`i LZg K‡iv| cuwP‡k gv‡P©i
cÖ_g AvNv‡Zi Ab¨Zg j¶¨ wQj : XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
wUPvm© jvDÄ, wk¶K‡`i evmv, msev`c‡Îi Awdm|
ZbœZbœ K‡i ‡LvuRv n‡qwQj ‡jLK-wkíx‡`i| ‡Mvwe›` P›`Ö
‡`e, ‡R¨vwZ¤§©q ¸nVvKyiZv, ‡g‡ni‡bœmv, GGbGg
gybxi¾vgvb cÖ_g iv‡ZB NvZ‡Ki ey‡j‡U jywU‡q c‡ob|
wUPvm© jvD‡Äi i³v³ Kv‡c©U RvZxq Rv`yN‡ii Av‡jv-
Avuavwii g‡a¨ GLbI ‡mB i³v³ iv‡Zi K_v ej‡Q|
Avgiv wK cÖ¯—yZ ‡m K_v ïb‡Z? Avgiv bv Rvwb, ‡mB
i³mœvZ ¯§…wZwPý¸‡jv ¯úó Rv‡b ‡Kb Lyb nb
eyw×Rxexiv| Rv`yN‡i msiw¶Z e¯—y¸‡jv Avgv‡`i mivmwi
BwZnv‡mi g‡LvgywL `vuo Kivq| ‡Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev ‡Mvôxi
wjwLZ BwZnv‡m ‡h weK…wZi, m‡Z¨i Acjv‡ci m¤¢vebv
_v‡K Zv GB e¯—yMZ BwZnv‡m NUv‡bv KwVb| ZvB ïay
¯§…wZwPý bq, AZxZ‡K cvV Kivi ‡¶Î GB e¯—y¸‡jv
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A‡bK my‡hvM Av‡Q| wKš‘ hv Av‡Q Zv wK ‡PZbvq
wkniY eB‡q ‡`qvi g‡Zv h‡_ó bq?
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`kUv GKPwj¬k wgwb‡U ¯’wMZ n‡q Av‡Q| Zvi K¬¨vwmKvj
wg_m Bb `¨ ‡c¬Õm Ae myBbev‡b©i cv‡k ivLv UvB| Avi
iv‡Z LvIqvi Rb¨ ‡Kbv GK c¨v‡KU K¨v‡c÷vb|
ÔAvgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bvÕ Mv‡bi myiKvi AvjZvd
gvngy‡`i Kjg, cvBc, Pkgv, Mv‡bi LvZv, nvi‡gvw-
bqvg| Mv‡bi LvZvq ‡PvL w¯’i n‡q c‡oÑ I‡Mv UybUywb/
I ‡gvi LÄwb/ Zywg Avgvi Rv‡bi Rvb/ I cÖvY, ïay GKUy
nv‡mv bv|
‡jLK kvgmybœvnvi gvngy‡`i ‡Q‡j gvgyb gvngy`| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi knx` wk¶K‡`i Kwdb
wkïKv‡j iex›`Öbv_ VvKyi‡K wPwV wj‡LwQ‡jb| 1934
mv‡j| eo n‡q n‡qwQ‡jb cywjk Awdmvi| Zv‡K
ivRkvnx‡Z evwo ‡_‡K ‡W‡K wb‡q wM‡q nZ¨v Kiv
n‡qwQj 26 gvP© Zvwi‡L| Zvi ‡mB wPwV, KwPKvuPvi
Avm‡i cÖKvwkZ ‡jLv mvRv‡bv i‡q‡Q Nb Kv‡Pi
Avov‡j|
1971 Gi 14 wW‡m¤^‡ii gg©‡f`x iv‡Z KZUv
hy‡×i mgq cvwK¯—vwb evwnbxi wbh©vZb-wbcxo‡bi msev` kxZ c‡owQj evsjv‡`‡k? iv‡Z wK Kyqvkv
evB‡ii wgwWqvq cvVvevi Aciv‡a 6 AvM÷ ‡MÖdZvi wQj? c_ wK AÜKvi wQj bvwK g…`y ‡R¨vrmœv
K‡i cvwK¯—v‡bi KvivMv‡i cvVv‡bv nq mvsevw`K ‰mq`
bRgyj nK‡K, KvivMvi ‡_‡K gyw³ ‡c‡q ‡`‡k ‡d‡ib gyL evovevi ‡Póv KiwQj? wkjvwjwc cwÎKvi
b‡f¤^‡i| wKš‘ 11 wW‡m¤^i Avevi Zv‡K a‡i wb‡q hvq m¤úv`K ‡mwjbv cvifxb Kx GKevi kx‡Z
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mvsevw`‡Ki jvkI ‡diZ ‡`qwb NvZKiv| bRgyj n‡Ki
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188
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UvBcivBUvi| cv‡k B÷ cvwK¯—v‡bi Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij I gvk©vj jÕ A¨vWwgwb‡÷ÖU‡ii
ûgwK cÎÑ ÔBD DBj bU BbWvjR Bb `¨ Gw›U-‡÷U A¨vKwUwfwUR Bb wdDPvi|Õ 14
wW‡m¤^i wKQy¶‡Yi Rb¨ Zv‡K ‡W‡K wb‡q hvq Avj e`i KgvÛvi| jyw½ civ, ‡MwÄ
Mvq, gv_vq bv AvuPov‡bv Pyj wb‡q evmvi evB‡i hvb wZwb| wKQy¶‡Yi Rb¨ evB‡i ‡ei
n‡jb, wKš‘ wd‡i G‡jb bv AvRI| ‡R¨vwZ¤§©q ¸nVvKyiZvi Nwoi 10Uv GKPwj¬‡ki
g‡Zv w¯’i n‡q Av‡Q IB wKQy mgq| IB wKQy¶‡Yi ‡fZi w`‡q P‡j
‡M‡Q 34wU `xN© ermi|
P¶y we‡klÁ Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayixi ¯§…wZwjwci cv‡k mvRv‡bv Zvi
wPwKrmv hš¿cvwZ, Abyex¶Y hš¿| Aa¨vc‡Ki Kjg, Kwei Wv‡qwi,
f~ZË¡we‡`i M‡elYvMÖš’ meB w¯’i ‡M‡Q 14 wW‡m¤^‡i|
Avgiv jvk LyuRwQ| evsjv‡`k Ry‡o Avgiv AvRI Lyu‡R wdiwQ
knx`‡`i jvk| iv‡qi evRvi ea¨f~wg, wgicyi ea¨f~wg AviI AmsL¨
Rvbv-ARvbv ea¨f~wg‡Z| nVvr GKw`b ‡c‡q hvB Wv. dR‡j ivweŸi
‡PvLevuav, cPv Mjv jvk| ‡c‡q hvB Rwni ivqnv‡bi KsKvj|
Rv`yN‡i ivLv Av‡Q knx‡`i KsKvj| Qwe‡Z K‡ivwUi ‡Pv‡L ‡PvL
‡i‡L fve‡Z PvB, eyS‡Z PvB GUvB gybxi ‡PŠayixi K‡ivwU wK bv|
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NvZK ¯úó Rv‡b wj÷ K‡i Kv‡`i GK GK K‡i evmv ‡_‡K ‡ei
K‡i Avbv n‡e| Kv‡`i cvwV‡q w`‡Z n‡e Abš— wbi“‡Ï‡ki D‡Ï‡k|
‡K ‡K wb‡LvuR n‡eb wPiw`‡bi g‡Zv| Kvi jvkI Avi cvIqv hv‡e
bv| Avgv‡`i hy‡×i GB GK mZ¨ ‡h, nZ¨vi g”Qe ïi“ nq
eyw×Rxex‡`i w`‡q, ‡klI nq ‡mB eyw×Rxex‡`i w`‡qB|
hy× ‡h KZ iK‡gi n‡Z cv‡i! ‡h cÖRb¥ me©e¨vcx hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡owb
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bq, ‡jL‡Ki hy× K…l‡Ki g‡Zv bq, kÖwg‡Ki g‡Zv bq wK‡kv‡ii
hy×| Zey GKwU RvZxq gyw³ msMÖvg, me©e¨vcx gyw³i jovB ZLbB
gyw³hy× n‡q I‡V hLb G‡Z hy³ nb mK‡j| ‡m Rbhy‡× ‡jLK
wj‡L, wPwKrmK wPwKrmv K‡i, Aa¨vcK M‡elYv K‡i Ask ‡bb|
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e‡q wb‡q hv‡”Qb Av‡iK †hv×v GmGgwR‡Z| AZGe A¯¿ ‡h nv‡Z wb‡q‡Q Zv‡K kΓi A‡¯¿i gy‡L
`vuov‡ZB n‡e GKw`b| A¯¿ Amg n‡j cÖvYI w`‡Z n‡e| Ôwbixn
eyw×Rxex‡`i kvnv`rÕ ‡Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri K_v bq| mk¯¿ eyw×Rxex‡`i ‡Pnviv hviv ‡`‡L‡Qb
Zv‡`i ‡mUv g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z nq bv| ‡K e‡j msk߇Ki ‡jLK, ÷c ‡R‡bvmvB‡Wi
cwiPvjK, Ke‡ii bvU¨Kvi mk¯¿ wQ‡jb bv? nq‡Zv Zv‡`i g…Z¨yfq wQj bv| nq‡Zv
Zviv ‡`kZ¨vM Ki‡Z Pvbwb| XvKvq e‡m cvnviv w`‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb g…Z¨ygq
wefxwlKv¸‡jv| AveviI ‡d‡`wi‡Kv Mvwm©qv ‡jviKvi K_v| ‡jviKv Rvb‡Zb dÖv‡¼v
Avi Zvi ¸Ûvevwnbxi P¶yk~j wZwb| Zvi bvUK, Muv_v Avi KweZv‡K
eo fq Zv‡`i| ‡h ‡Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© Zv‡K gy‡LvgywL n‡Z n‡e NvZ‡Ki|
Zey wd‡iwQ‡jb wcÖq kni MÖvbv`vq| bv NvZKiv fyj K‡iwb| wVKB Zv‡K
‡W‡K wb‡q wM‡q wPiwbi“‡Ï‡ki c‡_ cvwV‡q w`‡qwQj|
1971 Gi 14 wW‡m¤^‡ii gg©‡f`x iv‡Z KZUv kxZ c‡owQj evsjv‡`‡k? iv‡Z wK
Kyqvkv wQj? c_ wK AÜKvi wQj bvwK g…`y ‡R¨vrmœv gyL evovevi ‡Póv KiwQj?
wkjvwjwc cwÎKvi m¤úv`K ‡mwjbv cvifxb Kx GKevi kx‡Z ‡Ku‡c D‡VwQ‡jb| Zvi
cwÎKvi R¡jR¡‡j cÖQ‡`i w`‡K ZvwK‡q fvevi ‡Póv Kwi| GK kx‡Zi mKv‡j ‡Kv_vq
bxi‡e KvucwQj cÖL¨vZ ‡jLK, mvsevw`K knx`yj¬v Kvqmv‡ii jvk? Av‡Mi mܨvq
NvZKiv Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡Q, Avcwb wK knx`yj¬v Kvqmvi? wZwb DËi w`‡qwQ‡jb, n¨vu|
Zvi AvZ¥cwiP‡qi GB `…pZvq wK fq ‡c‡q wM‡qwQj NvZK‡`i ‡KD?
knx`‡`i ¯§…wZwjwc‡Z Kvi K_v bv wj‡L cviv hvq? iY`vcÖvmv` mvnv, ‡hv‡Mk P›`Ö
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evsjv GKv‡Wgxi knx` eyw×Rxex ‡KvlMÖ‡š’ cvB gvÎ 175 R‡bi weeiY| wKš‘ GKwU
RvwZi wPš—v‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ GB msL¨vwUB h‡_ó| NvZKiv AviI i³ ‡P‡qwQj|
A‡bK‡K h_v¯’v‡b Lyu‡R cvqwb| AvgivI ‡LvuR Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡qwQ A‡b‡Ki jvk|
¯ú¨vwbk wmwfj Iqv‡ii mgq ‡hv×viv cÖwZÁv K‡iwQ‡jb, Avgiv knx`‡`i ¯§…wZ‡K
cvnviv w`‡q ivLe| c…w_ex‡Z ‡Kv‡bv mgq Ggb wbg©g n‡q Av‡m hLb ¯§…wZ‡KI mZK©
cvnviv w`‡q ivL‡Z nq| wKš‘ Avgiv wK ¯§…wZ cvnviv w`‡ZI e¨_© nw”Q? Avgv‡`i
A‡bK knx‡`iB ¯§…wZwPý ‡bB| Rv`yN‡ii ¯^ívqZ‡b A‡b‡KiB ¯’vb nqwb| evsjv
GKv‡Wgx GKevi knx` eyw×Rxex‡`i ¯§…wZwP‡ýi cÖ`k©bx K‡iwQj| wKš‘ IB cÖ`k©bxi
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AvIiv‡Zi cvÛywjwc, AvjZvd gvngy‡`i K‡É MvIqv Mv‡bi ‡iKW©| ‡K Lyu‡R ‡ei
Ki‡e? ivóÖ wK ‡Kej WvKwU‡KU Qvwc‡qB `vwq‡Z¡ B¯—dv w`‡Z Pvq? Avgiv we¯§…wZi
AZ‡j Wy‡e hvwQ Kªgk| wKš‘ NvZK AvRI Zvi D`¨Z A¯¿ evwo‡q ‡i‡L‡Q| nZ¨vi
ZvwjKvwU c~Y© Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ Zviv| ûgvqyb AvRv‡`i i³v³ gyL wK ‡mK_vB g‡b
Kwi‡q w`j bv?
bZyb evsjv‡`‡ki wPš—vPP©v‡K Lyb Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQj NvZKiv| wKš‘ wPš—v ‡Zv A‡Rq|
gvby‡li g…Zz¨ n‡j ZeyI gvbe ‡_‡K hvq| ‡jviKvi g…Z¨yi ciI Zvi AÆnvwm ‡_‡K
‡invB cvqwb d¨vwm÷iv| evsjv‡`‡ki d¨vwm÷ivI evuP‡Z cv‡iwb wPš—vi AvKªgY
‡_‡K| knx‡`i wPš—v eis AviI ZvRv| wPiRvMÖZ| ‡jviKvi g…Z¨yi ci Kwe ivdv‡qj
Avj‡ewZ© wj‡L‡Qb : ÔÔivBbvi gvwiqv wij‡K wj‡L‡Qb ‡h, ÔwKQy gvbyl A‡b¨i g…Z¨yeiY
K‡i, Zv‡`i hv cÖvc¨ g…Z¨y Zv Zv‡`i N‡U bv|Õ ‡Zvgvi g…Z¨y nIqv DwPZ wQj Avgvi|
A_P ‡Zvgv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nj| Avwg cvjv‡Z ‡c‡iwQjvg| wKš‘ ‡Zvgvi i³ GLbI
ZvRv| A‡bKw`b ‡Zvgvi i³ ZvRv _vK‡e|ÕÕ knx`‡`i i³ ZvRv _vK‡e| Avi hviv
i³ w`‡q wPš—v K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i wPš—vi wPi RvMiY‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e Ggb ¶gZv Kvi?
9 wW‡m¤^i 2007
189
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bxj cixi ‡Kvb iƒcK_v...
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cvwK¯—vwb kÎywkwe‡i| cÖwZevi ¸wj Kivi Av‡M fvewQj
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gvqvgq ‡Kªva Mv‡q gvLv wb‡e©va gU©v‡ii ¸wj¸‡jv| j‡¶¨
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gvwU‡Z| A`…‡ói Zvgkvq eoB wei³ ‡Q‡jwU| Dcvq GKUv
Av‡Q| hw` MvQcvjvi Avovj ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q 300-400
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‡emiKviÑ mevB wb¯ú…n| ‡UÖ‡b ‡h gvbylUv wcK-c‡KU
Ki‡Zb, ‡mB gyw³‡hv×v dRjyÑ hy‡×i ci ‡MŠixcyi
‡ij‡÷k‡b ‡QvÆ Pv we¯‹z‡Ui ‡`vKvb K‡i Ava‡cUv n‡q ‡eu‡P
Av‡Qb| Gi ‡P‡q DbœZZi Rxeb wK Zvi cÖvc¨ wQj bv?
Zv‡niÑ ‡dbxi exi AvnZ ‡hv×v Zv‡ni hy‡×i ci evwo wd‡i
‡`‡Lb Ni DRvo, cwiev‡ii mevB‡K ‡g‡i ‡d‡j‡Q
ivRvKv‡iiv, Zvi evwoNiI `Lj K‡i‡Q H Kyjv½v‡iivB!
wbt¯^Zvi nZvkvq wcwR nvmcvZv‡ji Dci ‡_‡K jvwd‡q c‡o
AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡ib| GiKg Av‡iv nvRviUv j¾v LyuR‡Z ‡M‡j
‡ewi‡q co‡e|
hy×vciv‡ai wePvi nqwb| GUvI j¾vi| GUvi ‡P‡q eo
j¾v Avgv‡`i Avmj exi‡`i cÖwZ Avgv‡`i AeÁvwgwkÖZ
KZ©e¨nxbZv| GBme `wi`Ö gyw³‡hv×v‡`i A‡b‡KB ‡eu‡P
‡bB| A‡b‡KB nq‡Zv Aí wKQyw`b c‡i nq‡Zv Avi _vK‡eb
bv| Avgv‡`i gyw³i wbixn, AmvgwiK Amxg mvnmx ‡hv×vivÑ
Kx K‡iwQ‡jb Avi Kx ‡c‡q‡Qb? Syjš— cÖkœwU ‡_‡K Avwg
AkÖ“cZ‡bi kã ïb‡Z cvB| GL‡bv mgq Av‡Q, GB exi‡`i
Rb¨, ewÂZ‡`i Rb¨ wKQy Kivi| FY wKQy ‡Zv ‡kva Kwi!
cÖkœwU ‡_‡K AkÖ“cZ‡bi kã eo Amn¨ ‡VK‡Q!
[Rbhy‡×i MY‡hv×v / ‡gRi Kvgi“j nvmvb f~Bqv - ‡_‡K
AbycÖvwYZ]
190
m~wPcÎ |
GKvˇi gnvb Avj¬vn wK cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c‡¶ wQ‡jb bv?
mvgx wgqv`v`
ÔBmjvgÕ k‡ãi A_© kvwš—| hy‡M hy‡M Bmjvg kvwš—i evYxB
cÖPvi K‡i wM‡q‡Q| c…w_exe¨vcx ZvB jv‡Lv jv‡Lv gvbyl
Bmjvg a‡g© `xw¶Z nb| Bmjv‡gi gg©evYx Abyaveb K‡iB
gvbyl Bmjv‡g ag©vš—wiZ nb| Bmjvg ag© memgq kvwš—i
K_vB e‡j Avm‡Q|
ZeyI Avgiv Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm NvUvNvwU Ki‡j ‡`L‡Z cvwi
‡h, GB BwZnv‡mI A‡bK i³ ‡j‡M i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i
gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (mvt) Gi RxeZKv‡jI hy× n‡q‡Q|
Avj¬vni wb‡`©‡k Avgv‡`i gnvbexI hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡owQ‡jb
weag©x, Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡×| ‡Kvb ‡Kvb mgq hy×wU Aek¨¤¢vex
n‡q c‡o| Avj¬vn gnvb ‡KviAv‡bI GBme hy× m¤ú‡K© evYx
w`‡q‡Qb| wk‡ói cÖPv‡ii Rb¨, `y‡ói `g‡bi Rb¨ KL‡bv
KL‡bv A¯¿‡KB K_v ej‡Z nq| gnvb Avj¬vn Zv-Avjv
memgq `y‡ói `gb Ges wk‡ôi cÖPviB Pvb| ZvB hy× A‡bK
mgq mgvR MV‡bi Rb¨ LyeB cÖ‡qvRbxq n‡q c‡o| Kvib
You Have to be Cruel Only to be Kind.
mgvR cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq PvB mk¯¿ wec¬e| Avj¬vni
wb‡`©‡k ZvB Avgv‡`i ivm~jI hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡owQ‡jb|
Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ hy׸‡jv wQj Aek¨¤¢vex NUbv|
Avgv‡`i evOvjx‡`i Rxe‡bI hy× G‡m‡Q ev‡iev‡i| Avgv‡`i
BwZnvm wec¬‡ei BwZnvm, Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnvm| Avgiv ‡Kvb
wKQyB Lye mn‡R AR©b Ki‡Z cvwiwb| gy‡Li fvlv ‡_‡K ïi“
K‡i ‡fv‡Ui AwaKvi, fv‡Zi AwaKvi meB Avgv‡`i
Av‡›`vjb K‡i, wec¬e K‡i AR©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| 1971 G
Avgiv ¯^vaxbZvI AR©b K‡iwQ GK mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡×i wei“‡×|
Kv‡`i wei“‡× Avgiv evOvjxiv hy× K‡iwQ?
Avgiv hy× K‡iwQ c…w_exi Ab¨Zg mymsMwVZ GKwU mvgwiK
evwnbxi wei“‡×| cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK evwnbx| ‡m mgq cvwK¯—
vb mvgwiK evwnbx wQj cw…_exi bvgKiv me mvgwiK evwnbxi
Ab¨Zg| ¸L©v evwnbx Avi cvwK¯—vb Avwg© wQj c…w_ex‡Z
K‡VviZg| G‡nb GK evwnbxi wei“‡× Kviv hy× K‡i‡Q?
evsjvi GKSuvK `vgvj mš—vb| gyw³‡hv×v wn‡m‡e ‡hLv‡b wQj
mvgwiK evwnbxi ‡jvK ‡_‡K †÷k‡bi Kywj ch©š—| QvÎ,
PvKwiRxwe, gRyi, K…lK, hyeK, e…×, ‡K wQjbv ‡mB
gyw³hy‡×| wn›`y, gymwjg, ‡eŠ×, LÖxóvb wbwe©‡k‡l mevB GB
hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡iwQj| ‡m hy× wQj evOvjxi cÖv‡Yi hy×|
Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© hviv GKUyLvwb Rv‡bb, ZvivI
e`‡ii hy×, L›`‡Ki hy×, Iû‡`i hy×, Ges AviI bvbv hy×
m¤ú‡K© wKQyUv n‡jI ej‡Z cvi‡eb| e`‡ii hy‡× ‡Lv`vi
‰mwbK‡`i msL¨v gvÎ wQj 313| Avi hy‡×i djvdjI wbðB
Kv‡iv ARvbv bq? gvÎ 313 Rb wek¦vmx ‰mwbK wb‡qB
Avgv‡`i gnvbex (mvt) nvRvi nvRvi weag©x‡`i mv‡_ ‡mB
hy‡× Rqx n‡qwQ‡jb|
‡KviAv‡b myiv Avbdvj G e`‡ii hy‡×i eY©bv cvIqv hvq|
gnvb Avj¬vni cÖwZ AMva wek¦vm, ivm~‡ji Dci Av¯’vB
Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡× Rqx n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj|
Gici Kv‡j Kv‡j AviI A‡bK hy×B msNwUZ nq Kv‡di,
weag©x‡`i wei“‡×| ‡mB mKj hy‡× wek¦vmxiv Aí wKQy ‰mwbK
wb‡qB nvRvi nvRvi ‰mb¨ m¤^wjZ Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡× Rqx
n‡qwQ‡jb| KviY gnvb Avj¬vn myenvbvZv-Avjv wek¦vmx‡`i
mg_©b K‡iwQ‡jb| gymjgvb‡`i mg_©‡b wQ‡jb| ‡m me hy×
wQj gymjgvb‡`i Bmjvg cÖwZôvi hy×|
GLb Avwm Avgv‡`i gnvb gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m| cvwK¯—vbxiv
hy× K‡iwQj Awef³ cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨| Avi evOvjxiv hy×
K‡iwQj evsjv‡`‡ki me©vZ¡K ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨| 47 ‡_‡K 71
ch©š— GB `xN©w`b miKvix ‡emiKvix wewfbœ w`K ‡_‡K
wbcxwoZ n‡Z n‡Z evOvjx Avi mn¨ K‡iwb| 1971 Gi 25
‡k gv‡P© cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvjvq
evb&Mvjx‡`i Dci| evOvjxI M‡o †Zv‡j cÖwZ‡ivaÑ ‡m
mg‡qi me‡P‡q K‡Vvi mvgwiK evwnbxi wei“‡×|
cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i ‡`‡ki KwZcq gvbylI wb‡R‡`i
gv-fvB-‡ev‡bi cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i‡Q| KviY wn‡m‡e
Zviv Awef³ cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Bmjvg ag©‡KI RwoZ
K‡i‡Qb| hw`I 47 G ag©xq wØRvwZ‡Ë¡i Dci wfwË K‡i
fviZel© fvM n‡qwQj, wKš‘ Kv‡q`-G-AvRg ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx
wRbœvni Bmjvg PP©v wb‡q wKš‘ hyM hyM a‡iB m‡›`n cÖKvk
Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvwK¯—vb Bmjvg cÖwZôv K‡iwQj, cvwK¯—vb
Bmjvg PP©vi cxV‡K›`Ö, cvwK¯—vb wef³ n‡q ‡M‡j Avgv‡`i
GB c~e©evsjv n‡q DV‡e wn›`y‡`i-gvjvDb‡`i-weag©x‡`i
cxV¯’vb| ZvB hy‡× cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mnvqZv K‡i Bmjvg‡K
i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|
wKš‘ GwU hw` ev¯—weKB Bmjvg i¶v ev Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii hy×
n‡Zv Z‡e Avgvi wek¦vm, `…p wek¦vm, Gi djvdjUv D‡ëv
n‡Zv| Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ ‡h me hy× hy‡M hy‡M msNwUZ
n‡q‡Q Zvi BwZnvm NvU‡jB G wel‡q Avgiv mK‡jB
wbtm‡›`n _vK‡ev| gnvb Avj¬vn ¯^qs ‡hLv‡b LvwU
gymjgvb‡`i mg_©K ‡mLv‡b Zv‡`i civRq ‡Kvbfv‡eB ‡iva
n‡Z cv‡i bv| weRq gymjgvb‡`i Aek¨¤¢vex| wKš‘ Zv n‡Z
n‡e Avj¬vni AvBb cÖwZôvi Rb¨| Avj¬vn me©kw³gvb, wZwb
B”Qv Ki‡j ‡h ‡Kvb djvdj‡KB wbwg‡l e`‡j w`‡Z cv‡ib,
wZwb cv‡ib cv_‡iI dyj ‡dvUv‡Z|
ZvB Avgvi g‡b evi evi GKwU cÖkœB Rv‡M, HwZnvwmK
hy׸‡jv‡Z ‡hLv‡b weag©x‡`i Zyjbvq LyeB AímsL¨K
Cgvb`vi wek¦vmx wb‡q nvRvi nvRvi weag©xi wei“‡× hy× Rq
Kiv ‡Mj, ‡mLv‡b AvaywbK A¯¿ mw¾Z c…w_exi Ab¨Zg
mvgwiK evwnbx wb‡qI cvwK¯—vbx Bmjvg i¶vKZ©viv ‡Kb
Avgv‡`i g‡Zv 303 ivB‡djavix Ôweag©xÕ evOvjx‡`i wei“‡×
hy× Rq Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv| Z‡e wK GKvˇi gnvb Avj¬vn
wK cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c‡¶ wQ‡jb bv? Z‡e ‡Kb Ôweag©xÕ evOvjxi
wei“‡× ÔBmjvg i¶vKvix‡`iÕ GB civRq?
191
m~wPcÎ |
wÎk j¶ knx` : wg_ bvwK ev¯—eZv?
hyw³òy
1 1971Õ Gi MYnZ¨vq ¯^íZg mg‡q GB msL¨v me©e…nr| M‡o
GKvËi mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi Rw½ m`‡i wiqvmr ‡Rbv‡ij
Bqvwnqv Lvb m`‡¤¢ KBwQ‡jb, ÒI‡`i wÎk j¶ nZ¨v Ki,
evKxiv Avgv‡`i _vevi g‡a¨ ‡_‡KB wbt‡kl n‡e|Ó (1)
wKQy weZK© Av‡Q B”Qv ‰Kiv wUKvq ivLv nq| Avm‡j weZK©
wdZK© wKQy bvB, û`vûw` GKUv M¨vbRvg jvMvq ivLb Avi
wK| ¯^vaxbZvi 35 eQi c‡iI GKLvb weZK© B`vwbsKv‡j
bqv cvwK‡cÖgx ivRvKvi-Avje`i ‡Mv ‰g‡Ï `vbv evua‡Q Avi
Zv ‰nj, gyw³hy‡× bvwK wÎk j¶ ‡jvK knx` nq bvB,
e¨vcviwU bvwK û`vB PvcvevwR|
K‡qKUv cvÛv ivRvKvi Avevi ‰K‡Z Pvq ‡h, wÎk cqwÎk
j¶ Z `~‡ii K_v, gyw³hy‡× knx` ‡Mv msL¨vWv bvwK K‡qK
nvRvi, Lye ‡ewk ‰n‡j K‡qKk nvRv‡ii ‰ne| ‡Kb& AvrKv
nvjviv knx` ‡Mv msL¨v ‰jqv û`vB dvj cvib ïi“ ‡Kvi‡Q?
hyw³Wv wK? ‡n‡Mv hyw³ ‰nj, beŸB nvRvi cvK evwnbxi c‡¶
bvwK GKvËy‡ii bq gv‡m wÎk j¶ (ev w_Ö wgwjqb) evsMvjx
‡Mv gvBiv dvjv‡bv m¤¢e bv| nvQvB bvwK? Av‡mb Avgiv wKQy
AsK-msK ‰Kiv ‡`wn n¨v‡Mv K_vq KZUyKyb jwRK Av‡Q!
As‡Ki K_v ûBbv WivB‡qb bv fvBRv‡biv| GB AsK Ki‡Z
Avc‡b‡Mv wd‡evbw° wmwiRI Rv‡bvb jvMe bv, hv`‡ei
‰Zjv³ evu‡ki Dc‡i w`qv ev›`‡ii DWv-bvgvI Qjf Ki‡Z
‰ne bv| cÖvBgvix ¯‹yj ‡j‡f‡ji ‡hvM-we‡qvM-¸Y-fv‡Mi
Ávb, Avi wKQyWv Kgb ‡mbm& _vK‡jB mvie| AsK Kib
k¨vl ‰n‡j Avgiv Avg‡Mv we‡k¬lYWv Av‡iKWv ‡R‡bvmvB‡Wi
wfKwUg K‡¤^vwWqvi j‡M Zyjbv ‰Kiv ‡`Lyg wÎk jvL knx‡`i
e¨vcviWv A‡hŠw³K wKbv!
evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v : d¨v±m GÛ WKy‡g›Um
1981 mv‡j BD Gb BDwbf©vmvj wnDg¨vb ivBU‡mi
wWKjv‡ik‡b ‰K‡Q (2) :
gvbe BwZnv‡m hZ MYnZ¨v n‡q‡Q Gi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖwZw`b 6,000 - 12,000 gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| .. ..
.. GwU n‡”Q MYnZ¨vi BwZnv‡m cÖwZw`‡b m‡eŸ©v”P wba‡bi
nvi|
Zvi gv‡b `vuovBZv‡Q, cvK evwnbx GB bvcvK KvgWv
(w`bcÖwZ 6000-12000 evOvjx wbab) Ki‡Q ‡gvUvgywU
260w`‡b (GKvËy‡ii 25-G gvP© ‡_BK¨v ïi“ ‰Kiv 16B
wW‡m¤^i ch©š—)| AvIqvgx evKkvjx fvi‡Zi `vjvj ‡Mv
‡`Iqv Z_¨ bv, BD Gb Gi wbi‡c¶ WvUv ‰jqv GKUy wnmve
KiY hvK| Av‡nb fvBme, GKUy K¨vjKy‡jUi ‰jqv ewm:
evOvjx wba‡bi ‡jvIqvi wjwgU: 6000 x 260 =
15,60,000 (15 j¶ 60 nvRvi)| Avi wba‡bi Avcvi
wjwgU: 12000 x 260 = 31,20,000 (31 j¶ 20
nvRvi)| hw` Avgiv Òn¨vi gvSvgvwSÓ ‰jqv wnmve Kwi,
ZvB‡j msL¨vWv `vuovq: 23,40,000 (‡ZBk jvL Pwj¬k
nvRvi)| GKvËy‡i evsjv‡`‡ki RbmsL¨v AvwQj ‡gvUvgywU
mvZ ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL| M‡o cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i 5Rb ‰Kiv
m`m¨ AvwQj| mvZ ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL‡i 5 w`qv fvM ‡Kvi‡j
Lvovq - 1 ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL| A_©vr, 1 ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL
cwievi AvwQj ZLb ‡`‡k| cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i gviv ‡M‡Q:
0.16 Rb| A_©vr, GKvËy‡i M‡o GKkUv cwievi LyuR‡j Gi
‰g‡`¨ ‡lvjWv cwievi cvIb hvBZ hviv cvK evwnbxi
wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi ‰n‡Q| 16Uv cwievi-GBWv Zv Ggb
Avnvgwi ‡Kvb eo msL¨v bv ‡h NUevi cvie bv|
Zvi gv‡b Aš—Z 16% evOvjx cwievi GKvËy‡i AvwQj hv‡Mv
‡KD bv ‡KD bv-cvK evwnbxi nv‡Z knx` ‰nwQj| ÔAš—ZÕ
kãWv B”Qv ‰KivB GBLv‡b emvBwQ KviY nvRvi nvRvi
cwiev‡ii D`vniY Avgiv Rvwb hviv gyw³hy‡× GKvwaK m`m¨
nvivB‡Q| cyiv cwievi ûÏv wbwðý ‰nqv ‡M‡Q GBiKg
D`vniYI Av‡Q ‡Xi! Avgiv bv nq wbI-ivRvKvi‡Mv GKUy
Qvi w`qv gg©vwš—K D`vniY¸jv GB K¨vjKy‡jk‡b bv Avwb|
cvK evwnbxi msL¨v AvwQj beŸB nvRvi| GKvËy‡ii 260
w`‡b G‡KK Rb cvwK Avwg©i nv‡Z 26 Rb ‰Kiv evOvjx gviv
‡M‡Q (‡ZBk jvL Pwj¬k nvRviÕ‡i beŸB nvRvi w`qv fvM
K‡ib)| g‡b ivB‡Lb, Avwg GBLv‡b cvKevwnbxi ‡`vmi
ivRvKvi Avje`i ‡Mv msL¨v ‡Mvbvq ‰j bvB| cÖvq
jvLLv‡bK ivRvKvi ‡Mv msL¨v ‡hvM Ki‡j G‡KK cvwKi
nv‡Z knx‡`i msL¨v `k-ev‡ivi ‰g`‡` bvBg¨v AvBe| Avgiv
AvcvZZ QvweŸk ‰aivB AvMvBqv hvB|
Kv‡RB G‡KK cvwK¯—vbxi nv‡Z cÖwZ w`‡b Lyb ‰n‡Q k~Y¨
`kwgK GK Rb ‰Kiv (26 ‡i 260 w`qv fvM K‡ib)|
Kv‡RB eySv hvBZv‡Q, (0.1) k~b¨ `kwgK GK-gv‡b G‡KK
cvK-evwnbxi nv‡Z cÖwZ `k w`‡b GKRb ‰Kiv evsMvjx gviv
M¨v‡Q H mgq| GBWv hy‡×i mgq ‡Kvb Òwgkb B¤úwmejÓ
Re bvwK? AvBRK¨v dKi“wÏb Qv‡ei Avwg© e¨vKW Mf©‡g›U
‡h `¨vkWv‡i Òkvwš—i bxoÓ evbvq ivL‡Q, ‡mB Òkvwš—i
bx‡oÓI ‡Zv ‡ccvi Lyj‡jB w`‡b wek cuwPkUv ‰Kiv Ly‡bi
Lei cvIb hvq| Avi ‡mBLv‡b GKvËy‡i hLb cvK-evwnbx
c¬¨vb ‡cÖvMÖvg ‰Kiv MYnZ¨v Ki‡Z bvg‡Q, ZLb `k w`‡b
gvi‡Q GKRb ‰Kiv|
Kv‡RB eySv RvBZv‡Q wÎk jvL knx‡`i e¨vcviUv ‡Kvb
AwZiÄb bv, ‡Kvb ÒAev¯—e wdMviÓ bv| Avm‡jB wÎk jvL
‡jvK knx` H hy‡×| Av‡iv GK ‡KvwUi gZb ‰n‡Q kiYv_©x|
Avc‡b‡Mv hw` ¯§i‡Y _v‡K, b¨vkbvj wRIMÖvwd‡Ki 1972-
Gi Bm¨y‡Z ‡jLv ‰nwQj evsjv‡`‡k GKvËy‡i wZb wgwjqb (ev
wÎk jvL)-Gi ‡ewk ‡jvK gviv M¨v‡Q (3)| AviI A‡bK
wbi‡c¶ B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqv‡ZB ZLb Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ D‡j¬L
Kiv ‰nwQj| ‡h‡nZy hy‡×i `yB-wZb eQ‡ii ‰g‡Ï
B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqvq ‡h Z_¨¸jvb wbi‡c¶fv‡e DBVv
AvBwQj ‡mB¸jvb ‡h ¯^vaxbZvi cqwÎk eQi c‡i wbI-
ivRvKvi ‡Mv ÒM‡elYvag©xÓ ‡cÖvcvMvÛvi PvB‡Z A‡bK ‡ewk
A‡_w›UK, Zv ‡eva nq KI‡bi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| ‡R‡bvmvBW
WU Ai‡MÕI (http://www.genocide.org) ‡mB m‡Z¨i
D”PviY ïwb (4) t
GKvˇii 22‡k ‡deª“qvix Zvwi‡L cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
‡Rbv‡ijiv wm×vš— wb‡qwQj ‡h AvIqvgx jxM I Zvi
192
m~wPcÎ |
mg_©K‡`i wbwðý K‡i ‡djv n‡e| cÖ_g ‡_‡KB w¯’i Kiv
nq ‡h (G‡`i) ûgwK I fxwZ cÖ`k©b‡K wbg©~j Ki‡Z n‡j
mvgwiK MYnZ¨vi Awfhvb ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡e t ÔI‡`i wÎk
j¶‡K nZ¨v KiÕ, ‡deª“qvix m‡¤§j‡b wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb
m`‡i wiqvmr Bqvwnqv Lvb, ÔGes evKxiv Avgv‡`i _vevi
g‡a¨ ‡_‡KB wbt‡kl n‡e|Õ (ievU© ‡cBb, g¨vmvKvi, 1972,
c„ôv 50)| 25‡k gvP© Zvwi‡L MYnZ¨vi i‡KU Drw¶ß nj|
XvKv wek¦we`¨jq AvKªvš— nj Ges kZ kZ Qv·K wbg©~j Kiv
nj (cvwK¯—vbx ee©i ‡mbv‡`i nv‡Z)| `‡j `‡j GB b…ksm
nZ¨vKvixiv mviv XvKv kn‡ii ivRc_ Awj Mwj P‡l ‡ewo‡q
GKB iv‡Z Kg K‡iI 7,000 wbixn gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kij|
wKš‘ GUv ‡Zv Ôïi“Õ gvÎ| GK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ XvKvi
RbmsL¨vi A‡a©K cvwj‡h evuPj, Ges Aš—Z 30,000 gvbyl
Gi g‡a¨ cvK evwnbxi n‡Z wbnZ nj| PÆMÖv‡gI RbmsL¨vi
A‡a©K wbwðý nj| mviv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b RbMY cvwj‡q
‡eovw”Qj, Ges wnmve ‡_‡K ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q GwcÖ‡jB mviv c~e©
cvwK¯—v‡b Aš—Z wZb ‡KvwU gvbyl mvgwiK biwckvP‡`i nvZ
i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ MÖvg-MÖvgvš—‡i cvwj‡q ‡ewo‡q‡Q (ievU©
‡cBb, g¨vmvKvi, c… 48)| GK ‡KvwUiI Ici c~e© cvwK¯—
vbevmx fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡qwQj- hv Zv‡`i A_©bxwZi Ici
cÖej Pvc m…wó K‡i| Gi d‡j cwiYv‡g D™¢yZ cwiw¯’wZ
fviZ‡K mvgwiK n¯—‡¶‡c eva¨ K‡iwQj (MYnZ¨vi ïi“‡Z
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi RbmsL¨v wQj 7.5 ‡KvwU)|
Avwg c‡ii As‡k K‡¤^vwWqv bv‡gi iv‡óÖi Av‡iKLvb
MYnZ¨vi wkKvi LwZqvb w`qv ‡`Lvgy ‡h ‡Lgvii“Riv ‡mLv‡b
‡hB MYnZ¨v PvjvBwQj ‡mB Zyjbvq evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vi
wdMvi (wÎk jvL) A‡bK wiqvwjw÷K| K‡¤^vwWqvq Pvi
eQ‡ii (1975-1979) MYnZ¨vq ‡Lgvi“‡Riv cÖwZw`b
gviwQj GKR‡bi Dc‡i, Avi evsjv‡`‡k cvK evwnbx cÖwZ
`k w`‡b gvi‡Q GKRb ‰Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vq k~b¨
`kwgK Qq Rb d¨vwgwj wfKwUgvBRW ‰n‡Q, ‡mLv‡b
K‡¤^vwWqvq ‰n‡Q GK `kwgK GK AvU Rb| ZviciI wbI-
ivRvKvi Avev‡jiv dvj cv‡i - Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ bvwK
Avbwiqvwjw÷K wdMvi!
2 w`‡b ‡jvK¸jvb‡i gviZ, ZvB‡j w`bcÖwZ gviZ cÖvq 7000
Avgiv GLb Ab¨ GKUv iv‡óÖi MYnZ¨vi LwZqvb nvwRi
Kigy| GBWvi D‡Ïk¨ ‰nj, ‡h MvwYwZK hyw³ Av‡M nvwRi
Kiv ‰n‡Q HwZnvwmK ev¯—eZvi wbwi‡L ‡mB `vweUv
ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| GBWvB cÖK…Z M‡elYvi c×wZ| hviv
weÁv‡bi Rvb©v‡j `yB-PvBiUv ‡ccvi cvewjk Ki‡Q Zviv
mevB GB c×wZi KZvWv Rv‡b|
‡Lgvi“R evwnbx ¶gZvq AvwQj 1975 w_Kv 1979 mvj
ch©š—, PvBi eQi| Gi ‰g‡Ï wbR¯^ Av`‡k©i bv‡g gvBiv
mvdv Ki‡Q cÖvq 17 jvL w_Kv 30 jvL ‡jvK (5,6)|
fveZv‡Qb, ‰K GBWv Zv evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v‡i msL¨vq Aš—
Z AwZKªg ‰Kiv hvq bvB| nvQvB ai‡Qb, Zq Lvovb, K_v
Av‡Q! K‡¤^vwWqvi RbmsL¨v evsjv‡`‡ki GKvËy‡ii jvnvb
mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU AvwQj bv| ‡Lgvi“Riv ¶gZvq hvI‡bi
mgq K‡¤^vwWqvi RbmsL¨v AvwQj ‡gvUvgywU 76 jvL (7)|
ZvB‡j wPš—v K‡ib, wQqvËyi jv‡Li ‰g‡Ï 17-30 jvL gvBiv
mvdv ‰Kiv dvjvB‡Q| Avgiv 17 jvL gvi‡Q GBWv ‰aivB
wnmve Kwi AvcvZZ: Kv‡RB ‡Lgvi“‡Riv gyj RbmsL¨vi 22
fv‡Mi ‡ewk gvBiv mvdv Ki‡Q| Avi Ab¨w`‡K cvKevwnbx
mvdv Ki‡Z cvi‡Q Avg‡Mv RbmsL¨vi 4 fvM (30 jvL‡i
7.5 ‡KvwU w`qv fvM KBiv 100 w`qv ¸Y w`‡j cvIb hvq)|
Avgvi Aek¨ K‡¤^vwWqvi d¨vwgwj mvBR m¤^‡Ü ‡Kvb aviYv
bvB| GB ‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki ‡¶‡Î hv Av‡M aiwQ (cÖ‡Z¨K
cwiev‡i cvuP Rb m`m¨) Zv ‰aivB AvMvBqv hvB| ‡nB
wnmv‡e 1974 mv‡j K‡¤^vwWqvq cwiev‡ii msL¨v AvwQj
‡gvUvgywU 15 jvL 20 nvRvi| Kv‡RB cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i gviv
‡M‡Q: GK `kwgK GK AvU (1.18) Rb ‰Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki
‡¶‡Î wnmveWv AvwQj k~Y¨ `kwgK Qq (0.6)| mvaviY
evsjvq ‰K‡j ‰K‡Z nq, K‡¤^vwWqvi MYnZ¨vq Gfv‡i‡R
cÖ‡Z¨K cwieviB KvD‡i bv KvD‡i nvivB‡Q, hv evsjv‡`‡k
N‡U bvB| evsjv‡`‡k GKvËy‡i GKkUv cwievi LyuR‡j
‡lvjWv cwievi cvIb RvBZ hv‡Mv ‡KD bv ‡KD cvKevwnbxi
nv‡Z gi‡Q| Kv‡RB evsjv‡`‡ki cwimsL¨vb Avbwiqvwjw÷K
wKQy bv|
GBLv‡b GKUv e¨vcvi Av‡Q| ‡Lgvi“Riv MYnZ¨v Ki‡Q Pvi
eQi ‰aiv| Avi cvK evwnbx Ki‡Q bqgv‡m| ‡ni jvBM¨v
cvwKiv Avg‡Mv RbmsL¨vi evBk ‡ZBk fvM mvdv ‰Kiv
‡`I‡bi mgq cvq bvB, hv ‡Lgvi“‡Riv Kievi cvi‡Q| GLb
hw` ‡Lgvi“‡Riv PvBi eQ‡i bv gvBiv cvKevwnbxi g‰Z 260
Rb ‰Kiv| H msL¨vWvI evsjv‡`‡ki ‡¶‡Î BDGb-Gi
‡`Iqv cwimsL¨v‡bi mv‡_ Lvc Lvq (6,000 ‡_‡K
12,000)| Kv‡RB evsjv‡`‡k knx‡`i msL¨vWv û`vB
evbvBb¨v bv|
e¨vcviWv‡i Av‡iKUy Nyivqv ‡`Lb hvq| Avgiv
‡QvU ‡ejvq ¯‹y‡j wkLv HwKK wbq‡g wnmve Ki‡Yi
‡Póv Kwi, RbmsL¨vi 22 fvM mvdv Ki‡Z ‡Lgvi“Riv Pvi
eQi (48 gvm) mgq wbwQj| ZvB‡j RbmsL¨vi 4 fvM mvdv
Ki‡Z (hv cvwK¯—vbxiv KiwQj) Zviv Kq gvm mgq wbZ?
GBWv Zv ‡mvRv HwKK wbqg, ivg, iwng, h`y, g`y n¹j‡ZiB
cvib DwPZ| ‡ni Rb¨ 48 ‡i 22 w`qv fvM K‡ib, Zvici
4 w`qv ¸Y K‡ib| wK evBi ‰nj? mv‡o AvU gv‡mi wKQy
‡ewk| ZvB‡j AveviI ‡`Lv hvBZv‡Q bvcvK KvgWv cvK
evwnbx bq gv‡m Ki‡Q, ‡Lgvi“‡Riv nqZ ‡mBUv mv‡o AvU
gv‡mB K¤úwjU Ki‡Z cviZ| Kv‡RB bq gv‡m wÎk jvL
gvibUv AvKvk Kymyg Kíbv bv, ‡Kvb Avbwiqvwjw÷K wdMviI
bv| Avi KZfv‡e cÖgvY Kigy?
Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ ev wÎk jv‡Li e¨vcviUv ‡Kvb nvIqv ‡_BKv
cvIqv bv| Avgvi g‡Z GBWv Ly‰e wiqvwjw÷K GKUv
wdMvi| e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi ci ‡ek
K‡qK eviB hy‡× knx`‡Mv msL¨v Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ ev wÎk j¶
D‡j¬L KiwQ‡jb (Z_¨m~Î 8)| Anb ‡Kvb ‡Kvb wbI-
ivRvKvi ‰Kevi jvM‡Q ‡h ÒAwkwL¨ZÓ ‡kL gywRe bvwK
wgwjqb Avi j‡¶i cv_©K¨ eyRZ bv, ‡ni jvBM¨v bvwK
¸e‡jU ‰Kiv ‡djvBwQj| ‡n‡Mv (Ky) hyw³ ûb‡j nvmyg bv
Kv›`yg eyRevi cvwi bv| Avwg ‡Zv Av‡MB ‰KwQjvg A‡bK
B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqv‡ZB wZb wgwjqb ev wÎk jvL gviv
hvI‡bi cwimsL¨vb Qvcv ‰nwQj| ‡hgb, b¨vkbvj
wR‡qvMÖvwd‡Ki 1972 Bm¨y| GQvovI The Portsmouth
Herald (Monday, January 17, 1972), Y C Rossiter
Curriculum as Destiny: Forging National Identity in
India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh mn A‡bK g¨vMvwRb
Avi cÎ cwÎKv‡ZB Òw_Ö wgwjhbÓ KZvWv evBi ‰nwQj (8)|
G QvovI ‡mmgq wjLv A‡bK Bs‡iRx eB-c‡Î wÎk j¶
knx‡`i D‡j¬L Av‡Q (9)| Qv¸ ‡Mv K_v ûBbv g‡b nq
b¨vkbvj wR‡qvMÖvdK, ‡cvU©mgvD_ ‡nivìmn n¹j‡ZB eywR
‡kL gywR‡ei jvnvb ÒAwkwL¨ZÓ ‰ebv ‡MwQj bv! hyw³i
ewjnvwi!
AveviI cwimsL¨v‡b wdi¨v hvB| Zyjbvg~jK wePv‡i
K‡¤^vwWqvi MYnZ¨v, cvKevwnbxi MYnZ¨vi PvB‡Z A‡bK
A‡bK ‡ewk b…ksm AvwQj| Av‡MB ‰KwQ K‡¤^vwWqvi
MYnZ¨vq cwiev‡i gviv ‡M‡Q GK `kwgK GK AvU (1.18)
193
m~wPcÎ |
Rb ‰Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡¶‡Î wnmveUv AvwQj
k~b¨ `kwgK Qq (0.6)| Kv‡RB fvM w`‡j
cvIb hvq ‡h K‡¤^vwWqvi MYnZ¨vi fqvenZv
evsjv‡`‡ki Zyjbvq Aš—Z: mvZ ¸Y ‡ewk
AvwQj| wKš‘ K‡¤^vwWqvi ‡KD MYnZ¨vi
fqvenZv ‰jqv wP°yi cvoZv‡Q bv, wKsev
MYnZ¨vi wdMvi ‰jhv Rj ‡Nvjv KiZv‡Q bv,
Aš—Z: Avgvi Z ‡Pv‡L c‡o bvB|
AviI GKLvb wel‡q ‡eva ‡nvq cv_©K¨ Av‡Q
‡n‡Mv mv‡_ Avg‡Mv Pwi‡Îi| cjc‡Ui Rvgvbvi
cwieZ©‡bi ci cjc‡Ui wePv‡ii Rb¨ Avš—
R©vwZKfv‡e wePv‡ii Av‡qvRb Kiv ‰nw”Qj|
HWv AvwQj BD Gb-Gi cwjwmi Dci wfwË
‰Kiv cÖ_g MYnZ¨vi wePvi| hw`I wePvi ïi“i
Av‡MB cjcU cUj ZyjwQj (‡KD ‡KD Kq
AvZ¥nZ¨v), wKš‘ wePv‡ii Av‡qvR‡bi e¨vcviUv
¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Avgiv ivRvKvi Avje`i‡Mv wePvi
‡Kvi‡Z cvwi bvB| cvwKÕ‡Mv KvQ _vBK¨v ‡Kvb
‡LwZc~iYI Av`vq Kievi cvwi bvB| Rvnvbviv
Bgvg GKmgq Amy¯’ kixi ‰jqv ïi“ KiwQj
GKWv Av‡›`vjb, gvMvi ‡kl ‰Kiv RvB‡Z cv‡i
bvB| wePvi ‡Kvi‡Z cvwi Avi bv cvwi, Aš—Z:
GBWv ‡hb Avgiv fyBjv bv hvB ‡h, cvK evwn-
bxi MYnZ¨vWv BwZnv‡mi Ab¨Zg eeiÖ
nZ¨vKvÛ| wÎk jvL ‡jvK Avg‡Mv ¯^vaxbZvi
jvBM¨v cÖvY w`‡Q| GB e¨vcviWv ‰jqv Gici
‡_BK¨v ‡Kvb wbI-ivRvKvi Rvwb GB ‰jqv Rj
‡Nvjv Kievi bv cv‡i| Avgvi cÖe‡Üi D‡Ïk¨
GBWv bv ‡h evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vi Zyjbvq
K¤^wWqvi MYnZ¨v KZ eo ev ‡QvU ‡nBWv
‡`Lv‡bv, eis BwZnvm NvBUv GBWv I A‡¼i
wnmv‡e ‡`Lv‡bv bq gv‡m cvK evwnbx ‡h wÎk
jvL ‡jvK‡i gvBi‡Q- GBWv ‡Kvb Òwgkb
B¤úwmejÓ Re AvwQj bv, Zv‡Mv Kv‡Q|
gy³gbvi †mŠR‡b¨ e¬Mvi jvBUnvDR-Gi †cv÷
†_‡K †jLvwU msM„nxZ
msL¨v e¬M : GKvˇii gyw³hy×
wgivRyi ingvb
267 w`b ¯’vqx n‡qwQj Avgv‡`i gyw³hy×
26 26‡k gvP© evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv K‡i
30,00,000 knx‡`i i‡³i wewbg‡q AwR©Z nq ¯^vaxbZv
200,000 bvix I wkï awl©Z nq gyw³hy‡×i mgqKv‡j
1111 Rb eyw×Rxwe‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq
1 wU gvÎ gvgjv `v‡qi Kiv n‡qwQj cvK evwnbxi hy×vciv‡ai wei“‡×, ‡hwU cieZ©x‡Z cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv nq|
100,000 Rb msMwVZ gyw³‡hv×v nvbv`vi evwnbxi wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iva M‡o ‡Zv‡jb| AmsMwVZ I mn‡hvMx ‡hv×vi msL¨v Gi
K‡qK¸Y|
17 17B GwcÖj gywRebM‡i cÖevmx evsjv‡`k miKvi MwVZ nq|
11 11B RyjvB 1971, GB w`‡b AvbyôvwbKfv‡e K‡Y©j Imgvbxi (cieZ©xKv‡j ‡Rbv‡ij) ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wbqwgZ evwnbx
wnmv‡e gyw³evwnbxi hvÎv ïi“ nq|
5,000 Rb (Ab~¨b) hy× wkï (cvK evwnbxi al©‡Yi d‡j Rb¥ ‡bIqv) gyw³hy× Ges cieZ©x mg‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i|
21 21‡k b‡f¤^i, cÖ_gev‡ii gZ evsjv‡`k ‡mbv, ‡bŠ I wegvb evwnbx (gyw³evwnbx) ‡hŠ_fv‡e nvbv`vi cvKevwnbxi
wei“‡× Awfhvb cwiPvjbv K‡i
45 Rb ‡bŠ‡mbv wb‡q gyw³hy‡×i mgq evsjv‡`k ‡bŠ-evwnbx MwVZ nq
67 Rb wegvb‡mbv wb‡q gyw³hy‡×i mgq evsjv‡`k wegvbevwnbx MwVZ nq
3 wW‡m¤^i, fviZ mivmwi gwy&³hy‡× Ask ‡bqvi K_v ‡NvlYv K‡i
250,000 gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix (6 - 15 wW‡m¤^i) fviZxq ‡mbvevwnbxi msL¨v
125,000 nvbv`vi cvKevwnbxi msL¨v hviv 9 gvm e¨vcx nZ¨v I al©b Pvwj‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ 25,000 Rb c¨viv wgwjUvix,
evwKUv wbqwgZ ‡mbvevwnbx|
1426 gyw³hy‡× Rxeb`vbKvix fviZxq ‡mbv m`‡m¨i msL¨v
8.000 ‡hŠ_evwnbx (gyw³evwnbx Ges fviZxq ‡mbvevwnbx) Gi nv‡Z wbnZ nvbv`vi cvKevwnbxi msL¨v
7 Rb knx` gyw³‡hv×v‡K m‡e©v”P ¯^xK…wZ wnmv‡e exi‡kÖô ‡LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
22 Rb gyw³‡hv×v‡K 2q m‡e©v”P ¯^xK…wZ wnmv‡e exiDËg ‡LZve cÖ`vb Kiv nq|
11 11wU ‡m±‡i evsjv‡`k‡K wef³ K‡i gyw³evwnbx ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg cwiPvjbv K‡i|
16 16B wW‡m¤^i j¶ cÖv‡Yi Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡q AwR©Z nq gyw³hy‡×i weRq, ¯^‡cœi ¯^vaxbZv
Z_¨m~Î : wewfbœ Avš—R©vwZK msev` gva¨‡g cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`b, wewfbœ I‡qemvBU, M‡elYvcÎ Ges gvwK©b Z_¨ AvK©vBf
194
m~wPcÎ |

19 gyw³hy‡×i cÖvgvY¨ eB
71
dvinvb `vD`
GKUv mg‡q Avgiv, eÜygnj, gyw³hy× wb‡q mvgvb¨ cov‡kvbv K‡iwQjvg| M‡elK bv ‡KD, HiKg ‰ah¨©I ‡bB, Kv‡RB welqUv wb‡q Kv‡Ri
evB‡i Avi G‡Mv‡bv nqwb| wKš‘ KvMRcθ‡jv ‡_‡K ‡M‡Q, 1Uv cyiv‡bv Lv‡g, cyiv‡bv, weeY© wKQy KvMR| gv‡S gv‡S ‡ei Kwi, ‡`wL, nvZ eyjvB, Avevi ‡i‡L w`B|
wKš‘ ‡cvKv ‡K‡U ‡dj‡Q, Svcmv n‡q ‡M‡Q A‡bK¸‡jv nv‡Zi ‡jLv, ZvB g‡b n‡”Q, hv-B _vKyK, hZB Kg ‡nvK ¸i“Z¡ cÖvgvY¨ `wjj wn‡m‡e, GB‡ejv e¬‡M Zy‡j
‡dwj, 2-1 R‡biI hw` Kv‡R jv‡M, g›` wK? AvR w`jvg gyw³hy‡×i Dci ‡jLv wKQy eB‡qi ZvwjKv, eÜy ‡kvf‡bi msM…nxZ, eB¸‡jv ‡Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e Rvwb bv
Z‡e hZ`~i g‡b c‡o gyw³hy× Rv`yNi ‡_‡K ZvwjKvUv evbv‡bv, AvMÖnxiv ‡LvuR K‡i ‡`L‡Z cv‡ib ‡mLv‡bB|

1| Avwg weRq ‡`‡LwQ : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj; (mvMi cvewjkvm©)
2| GKvˇii w`b¸wj : Rvnvbviv Bgvg; (mÜvbx cÖKvkbx)
3| Bangladesh a Legacy of Blood : Anthony Mascarenhas
4| The Rape of Bangladesh : Anthony Mascarenhas
5| The cruel Birth of Bangladesh : Archer K. Blood; University Press Limited
6| gyw³hy‡×i AvÂwjK BwZnvm : Avey ‡gvt ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb
7| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i Avov‡j hy× : Aa¨vcK Avey mvqx`
8| cÖev‡m gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : Avey mvC` ‡PŠayix
9| GKvËi-wbh©vZ‡bi KoPv : AvZvDi ingvb
10| gyw³hy‡×i AcÖKvwkZ K_v : AvwZKyi ingvb
11| 1971 mv‡j DËi iYv½‡b weRq : AvLZvi“¾vgvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx)
12| Avwg weRq ‡`L‡Z PvB : AvwRR ‡g‡mi
13| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g cÖevmx ev½vjx : Ave`yj gwZb
14| gyw³hy‡×i iƒc‡iLv : Aveyj nvmbvZ
15| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv : ‡gvt Ave`yj nvbœvb
16| gvbeZv I MYgyw³ : Avng` kixd
17| RvMÖZ evsjv‡`k : Avng` gymv
18| gyw³hy‡×i wfbœ Qwe : Gbv‡qZ gvIjv
19| Rxe‡bi hy× hy‡×i Rxeb : K‡b©j byi“bœex Lvb
20| ¯^vaxbZv '71 (1g I 2q L ) : Kv‡`i wmwÏKx
21| hLb cjvZK: gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : ‡Mvjvg gyiwk`
22| ¯^vaxb evsjvi Af¨y`q Ges AZtci : Kvgi“Ïxb Avng`
23| hy×w`‡bi K_v : wRg g¨vwKb‡j
24| wm‡j‡U MYnZ¨v : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§`
25| wm‡j‡Ui hy×K_v : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§`; (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk, 1993)
26| gyw³hy× ¯^vaxbZv I e½eÜy : byi“j Bmjvg gÄyi
27| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg : wKkvbP›`Ö/ei“Y ‡`/Ag‡jk wÎcvVx
28| GKvˇii ¯§…wZ : evmwš— ¸nVvKyiZv; (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
29| msMÖvggyLi w`b¸wj : evixY `Ë
30| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö : ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§`; (Abycg cÖKvkbx,1993)
31| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× Ges cvwK¯—vb : ‡evinvbDwÏb Lvb
32| GKvËi K_v e‡j : gbRyi Avng`
33| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : gvneye Kvgvj
34| ‡Mwijv ‡_‡K m¤§yL hy‡× : gvneye Avjg (mvwnZ¨cÖKvk)
35| 25 AL¨vZ gyw³‡hv×vi ¯§…wZK_v : gvi“d ivqnvb
36| Avgv‡`i gyw³msMÖvg : ‡gvt IqvwjDj¬vn
37| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MYnZ¨v 1971 : iZbjvj PKªeZ©x
38| evsjv‡`k-MYnZ¨vi BwZnv‡m fqsKi Aa¨vq : ‡Mvjvg wnjvjx
39| j¶ cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q : ‡gRi (Ae.) iwdKyj Bmjvg
40| evsjv‡`‡ki mvwn‡Z¨ fvlv Av‡›`vjb I gyw³hy× : exi DËg iwdKyj Bmjvg
41| GKwU dyj‡K evuPv‡ev e‡j : ‡gRi(Aet) iwdKyj Bmjvg
42| ¯§…wZ 1971 : ikx` nvq`vi
43| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb '71 : ikx` nvq`vi
44| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi BwZnvm : jyrdi ingvb wiUb
45| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g XvKvq ‡Mwijv Acv‡ikb : ‡n`v‡qZ ‡nv‡mb
46| GKvËi KiZ‡j wQbœgv_v : nvmvb AvwRRyj nK; (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
47| GKvˇii XvKv : ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb; (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR)
48| gyw³hy× ‡WUjvBb AvMiZjv : nvi“b nvexe

195
m~wPcÎ |
49| GKvˇii NvZK `vjvj hv e‡j‡Q hv K‡i‡Q : msKjK- b~i“j Bmjvg; (gyw³‡hv×v
msnwZ cwil`)
50| Rbhy‡×i MY‡hv×v : ‡gRi (Aet) Kvgi“j nvmvb f~uBqv
51| Dhacca : Sarif Uddin Ahmed
52| Avgiv ¯^vaxb njvg : KvRx kvgmy¾vgvb
53| Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg : MvRxDj nK
54| GKvˇii NvZK I `vjv‡jiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq : gyw³hy× ‡PZbv weKvk ‡K›`Ö
55| evsjv‡`‡ki mÜv‡b : ‡gvev‡k¦i Avjx
56| cÖwZ‡iva msMÖv‡g evsjv‡`k : m‡Z¨b ‡mb
57| Rq evsjv, gyw³‡dŠR I ‡kL gywRe : Kj&nb
58| g~javiv '71 : gC`yj nvmvb; (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
59| Avgvi ‡`Lv ivRbxwZi cÂvk eQi : Aveyj gbmyi Avng`
60| evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm : wmivRyj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z
61| Daktar : Viggo Olsen
62| hy×c~e© evsjv‡`k : e`i“Ïxb Igi
63| hy‡×vËi evsjv‡`k : e`i“Ïxb Igi
64| we‡`kx mvsevw`K‡`i `…wó‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : gvneye Kvgvj Ab~w`Z (ZvRgnj
eyK wW‡cv, Abb¨v, 1995)
65| wPÎmvsevw`K‡`i K¨v‡givq gyw³hy×: iweb ‡mb¸ß
66| PigcÎ : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj
67| GKvˇii Wv‡qix: ‡eMg mywdqv Kvgvj
68| ivRvKv‡ii gb (1g I 2q LÛ) : gybZvmxi gvgyb
69| wfb‡Kv‡q÷ ‡Rbv‡ij : gybZvmxi gvgyb
70| gyw³hy× ‡Kvl (1-5 LÛ) : gybZvmxi gvgyb m¤úvw`Z
(g~j¨ ‡`o nvRvi UvKv, cÖvw߯’vb mvMi cvewjkvm©, ‡eBjx ‡ivW)
71| gyw³hy× ‡Kvl (1-4 LÛ) : Avdmvb ‡PŠayix m¤úvw`Z
(g~j¨ 2800 UvKv, cÖvw߯’vb gyw³hy× hv`yNi Ges mvMi cvewjkvm©)
72| NvZ‡Ki w`bwjwc : i‡gb wek¦vm
73| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv, ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb, cye©v cÖKvkbx
74| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ¯§…wZ, msKjb I m¤úv`bv dwi` Kwei, gvIjv eÖv`vm©
75| ¯^vaxbZvi evBk eQi, ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm, KvKjx cÖKvkbx
76| ¯§…wZ 1971, m¤úv`bvt ikx` nvq`vi, evsjv GKv‡Wgx
77| ¯§…wZ A¤¬vb 1971, Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ, mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk
78| ¯§…wZgq '71, ‡nbv `vm, mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk
79| Contribution of India in The War of Liberation of Bangladesh, Salam
Azad, Ankur Prakashani
80| Mujibnagar Government Documents 1971, For: Prof. Salahuddin Ahmed
ed. Dr. Sukumar Biswas, Maola Brothers
81| 71 Gi `k gvm- iex›`Öbv_ w·e`x; (KvKjx cÖKvkbx)
82| gyw³hy‡×i `y'‡kv iYv½b- ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm m¤úvw`Z (Abb¨v)
83| gyw³hy× gyw³i Rq- mywdqv Kvgvj
84| gyw³hy×t Av‡M I c‡i- cvbœv Kvqmvi
85| i³‡fRv GKvËi- ‡gRi (Ae) nvwdR DÏb Avn‡g`|
86| ey‡Ki wfZi Av¸b : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
87| we`vq ‡` gv Ny‡i Avwm : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
88| Ad e¬vW A¨vÛ dvqvi : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
89| BwZnv‡mi i³ cjvk : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
90| Avgiv evsjv‡`kx bv evOvjx : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
91| evsjv‡`k K_v Kq : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
92| hvwcZ Rxeb : ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb
93| gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M I c‡i : cvbœv Kvqmvi
94| ü`‡q evsjv‡`k : cvbœv Kvqmvi
95| ‡mB me cvwK¯—vbx : gybZvmxi gvgyb
96| Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg : MvRxDj nK
97| evOvwji gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm : Avng` gRnvi
98| gyw³hy‡×i mvwnZ¨ : Avn‡g` gvIjv
99| Avwg exiv½bv ejwQ : bxwjgv BeÖvnxg
100| AcüZ evsjv‡`k : Avwbmyi ingvb
101| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb-71, c~e©vci : ikx` nvq`vi
102| evOvwj Kv‡K e‡j : wmivRyj Bmjvg ‡PŠayix
103| evsjv‡`k Avgvi evsjv‡`k : iv‡g›`y gRyg`vi
104| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi cUf~wg : Avmv`y¾vgvb
105| Bangladesh At War : Gm Gg kwdDj¬vn
106| Witness to Surrender : mvw`K mvwjK
107| Genocide 71 : Avng` kixd
108| 1971 : PyKbM‡i MbnZ¨v : gybZvmxi gvgyb m¤úvw`Z (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
109| 1971 : fqven AwfÁZv : m¤úv`bv- ikx` nvq`vi (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
110| ALÛ cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡kl w`b¸wj : wR Wwe¬D ‡PŠayix (nKK_v cÖKvkbx)
111| Aei“× evsjv‡`‡k cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK Rvš—v I Zvi ‡`vmi‡`i ZrciZv : myKygvi
wek¦vm (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
112| Amn‡hv‡Mi w`b¸wj gyw³hy‡×i cÖ¯—ywZce© : AvZvDi ingvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
113| Avgvi GKvËi : ‡gvnv¤§` byi“ Kv‡`i (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
114| DËvj gvP© : 1971 : Avn‡g` dvi“K nvmvb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
115| GKvËi : wbh©vZ‡bi KoPv: Av‡Zvqvi ingvb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
196
m~wPcÎ |
116| GKvˇi MvBevÜv : ‡gvt gvneyeyi ingvb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
117| GKvˇi cvKee©iZvi msev` fvl¨ : Avng` iwdK (mgq cÖKvkb)
118| GKvˇii MYnZ¨v, wbh©vZb Ges hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi: kvnwiqvi Kwei (mgq
cÖKvkb)
119| GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvj‡`i wePvi : ‡gv¯—vK ‡nv‡mb (Aeqe cÖKvkb)
120| GKvˇii bq gvm : iv‡eqv LvZyb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
121| GKvˇii gyw³hy× : HwZnvwmK fvlY BkwZnvi I wPwV : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg
wcGmwm m¤úvw`Z (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR)
122| GKvˇii gyw³hy‡× eyw×Rxex‡`i f~wgKv : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
123| GKvˇii ¯§…wZ¸”Q : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§` m¤úvw`Z (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
124| GKvˇii ¯§…wZPviY : Avn‡g` ‡iRv (cvBIwbqvi cvewj‡KkÝ)
125| GKvˇii iYv½b : kvgmyj û`v ‡PŠayix (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR)
126| ‡MŠiev½‡b : ‡gRi (Ae.) nvwdRDwÏb Avng` (KvKjx cÖKvkbx)
127| Qwn gyw³hy×bvgv : wePvicwZ ‡gvnv¤§` ‡Mvjvg iveŸvbx (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
128| `w¶b cwðg iYv½b 1971 : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm (m~Pqbx cvewjkvm©)
129| w`bwjwc GKvËi : KvRx dRjyi ingvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
130| `¨v ‡iBc Ae evsjv‡`k : A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, ibwÎ Ab~w`Z (ccyjvi cvewjkvm©)
131| ‡WUjvBb evsjv‡`k : bvBw›Ub ‡m‡fw›U Iqvb : wmWwb kbevM©, gwd`yj nK Ab~w`Z
(mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
132| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq MYnZ¨v : 1971 RMbœv_ nj (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
133| civwRZ cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i `…wó‡Z gyw³hy× : gybZvmxi gvgyb (mgq cÖKvkbx)
134| ew›`kvjv cvwK¯—vb : ‰mq` bvwRgywÏb nv‡kg (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
135| cvwK¯—v‡bi KvivMv‡i ‡kL gywR‡ei ew›`Rxeb : Avn‡g` mvwjg Abyev` : gwd`yj
nK (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
136| evOvjxi mvabv I evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : mvjvnDÏxb Avng` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
137| evi evi wd‡i hvB : AvLZvi Avn‡g` exi cÖZxK (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
138| evsjv‡`k : RvwZ iv‡óÖi D™¢e : Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
139| evsjv‡`k I evOvwj ‡i‡bmvum ¯^vaxbZv wPš—v I AvZ¥vbymÜvb : Abycg ‡mb (Aemi)
140| evsjv‡`k i‡³i FY : A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm (nv°vbx cvewjkvm©)
141| evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q GKRb cÖZ¨¶`k©xi fvl¨ : ‡ingvb ‡mvenvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
142| evsjv‡`‡ki ZvwiL : gynv¤§` nvweeyi ingvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
143| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : fviZ, ivwkqv, Pxb I hy³iv‡óÖi f~wgKv : ‡gRi iwdKyj
Bmjvg wcGmwm (Avng` cvewjwks nvDm)
144| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× bvbv cÖm½ : gyw³hy× M‡elbv ‡K›`Ö
145| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× we‡`kx‡`i f~wgKv : m¤úv`bv- ‡mvnive ‡nv‡mb
146| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× `wjjcÎ : m¤úv`Kt nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb, Z_¨
gš¿Yvjq, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi
147| gqgbwms‡n GKvËi : gynv¤§` Avãyk kvKyi (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm
wjwg‡UW)
148| gyw³hy× : wmwÏKyi ingvb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
149| gyw³hy× : wewfbœ `…wó‡KvY ‡_‡K : Q`i“Ïxb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
150| gyw³hy× I cÖevmx evOvwj mgvR : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
151| gyw³hy× I ivB‡djm : m¤úv`bv myKygvi wek¦vm (evsjv‡`k ivB‡djm)
152| gyw³hy× ‡Kb Awbevh© wQj : W. Kvgvj ‡nv‡mb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
153| gyw³hy× Rbhy× Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡cÖw¶Z : AvZvDi ingvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
154| gyw³hy× ‡WUjvBb AvMiZjv : nvi“b nvwee (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
155| gyw³hy× gyw³i Rq : mywdqv Kvgvj (mgq cÖKvkb)
156| gyw³hy‡× PyqvWv½v I Lyjbv : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
157| gyw³hy‡× w`bvRcyi : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
158| gyw³hy‡× bq gvm : ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij Gg Gm G fyuBqv (Avng` cvewjwks nvDm)
159| gyw³hy‡× ewikvj : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
160| gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`k : ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij ‡KGg kwdDj¬vn exi DËg (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
161| gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`‡ki Pv-kÖwgK : `xc¼i ‡gvnvš— (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
162| gyw³hy‡× gywRebMi : kvgmyj û`v ‡PŠayix (weRq cÖKvkbx)
163| gyw³hy‡× mybvgMÄ, m¤úv`Kt ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx BDbyQ
164| gyw³hy‡×i AvÂwjK BwZnvm : Avey ‡gvnv¤§` ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb m¤úvw`Z (mvwnZ¨
cÖKvk)
165| gyw³hy‡×i wKQy K_v cvebv ‡Rjv : Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` (RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx)
166| gyw³hy‡×i wbe©vwPZ cÖeÜ : nvi“b nvwee (Ab¨cÖKvk)
167| gyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U e¨w³i Ae¯’vb : G Gm Gg kvgmyj Av‡iwdb (BDwbfvwm©wU
‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
168| gyw³hy‡×i wfbœ Qwe PÆMÖv‡gi KvKjx : Gbv‡qZ gvIjv (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
169| gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ : ‡gvnv¤§` e`i“¾vgvb wgqv exi cÖZxK (Kvkeb cÖKvkbx)
170| gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ I Mvb : m¤úv`bv ‡mwjg ‡iRv (evsjv GKv‡Wgx)
171| hy‡× hy‡× ¯^vaxbZv : ‡gRi bvwmi DwÏb (Abycg cÖKvkbx)
172| i³‡fRv GKvËi : ‡gRi (Ae.) nvwdR DwÏb Avn‡g` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
173| knx` eyw×Rxex ¯§viKMÖš’ : evsjv GKv‡Wgx
174| mË¡vq e½eÜy I gyw³hy× : AvjgMxi mvËvi (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
175| ‡m±i KgvÛviiv ej‡Qb gyw³hy‡×i ¯§iYxq NUbv, MÖš’bv: Avkivd Kvqmvi,
m¤úv`bvt kvnwiqvi Kwei (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
176| ¯^vaxbZv '71 : Kv‡`i wmwÏKx (e½eÜy cÖKvkbx)
177| ¯^vaxbZv Avgvi i³ Siv w`b : ‡eMg gykZvix kwd (Abycg cÖKvkbx)
178| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× ‡LZvecÖvß gyw³‡hv×v : ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb (cye©v cÖKvkbx)
179| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv : ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb (cye©v cÖKvkbx)
197
m~wPcÎ |
180| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ¯§…wZ : msKjb I m¤úv`bv dwi` Kwei (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
181| ¯^vaxbZvi evBk eQi : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm (KvKjx cÖKvkbx)
182| ¯§…wZ 1971 : m¤úv`bvt ikx` nvq`vi (evsjv GKv‡Wgx)
183| ¯§…wZ A¤¬vb 1971 : Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
184| ¯§…wZgq '71 : ‡nbv `vm (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
185| cÖev‡m gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : Avey mvC` ‡PŠayix (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
186| `y‡kv ‡QlwÆ w`‡b ¯^vaxbZv : gynv¤§` byi“j Kvw`i (gy³ cÖKvkbx)
187| Acv‡ikb R¨vKcU : ‡mRvb gvngy` (cÖZxK cÖKvkbx)
188| wek eQi ci : m¤úv`bv-- gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj (Abb¨v)
189| Acv‡ikb dyjcyi : k¨vgjx bvmwib ‡PŠayix
190| Avwg exiv½bv ejwQ : W. bxwjgv BeÖvwng
191| gyw³hy×: evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg : AvwZKym mvgv`
192| KvjivwÎi LÛwPÎ : kIKZ Imgvb
193| gyw³hy‡×i iƒc‡iLv : Aveyj nvmbvZ
194| gyw³hy‡×i cvuPvjx : Aveyj nvmbvZ
195| nvRvi eQ‡ii evsjv‡`k- BwZnv‡mi A¨vjevg : W. ‡gvnv¤§` nvbbvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
196| Kv‡jv cuwP‡ki Av‡M I c‡i : Aveyj Avmv`
197| gyw³hy‡× dwi`cyi : ‡gvt ‡mvjvqgvb
198| evsjv`‡ki ‡kÖô Qwe : gyw³hy‡×i Qwe msKjb; (wcAvBwe)
199| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× : `wjjcÎ (16 L ) : nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb m¤úvw`Z
(Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi, 1982)
200| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g cÖevmx evOvjx (evsjv‡`k : 1971) : Ave`yj gwZb; (‡iwW‡Kj
Gwkqv cve. jÛb, 1991)
201| evOvwji RvZxqZvev`x msMÖvg, gyw³hy‡× PÆMÖvg : Wv. gvndyRyi ingvb ; 1993
202| evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥ : ivI digvb Avjx : (kvn Avng` ‡iRv Ab~w`Z); (BDwcGj, 1996)
203| gyw³hy‡× PÆMÖv‡gi bvix : ‡eMg gykZvix kwd; (wcÖqg cÖKvkbx, 1992)
204| gyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U e¨w³i Ae¯’vb : G. Gm. Gg. mvgQyj Av‡iwdb; (BDwcGj,
1995)
205| Avgv‡`i GKvËi : gwnDwÏb Avng` (wmwWGj, 2006)
206| iYv½‡b m~h© ‰mwbK : mvLvIqvZ ‡nv‡mb gRby (PÆMÖvg, 1992)
207| gyw³hy‡× bvixmgvR : Zcb Kygvi ‡` (wbD GR, 1998)
208| AÄwj jvwnwo (kvnxb AvLZvi m¤úvw`Z) : ¯§…wZ I K_v (AvBb mvwjk ‡K›`Ö,
1999)
209| gwnjv gyw³‡hv×v : dwi`v AvLZvi m¤úvw`Z; (bvixMÖš’ cÖeZ©bv, 1991)
210| GKvˇii `ytmn ¯§…wZ : kvnwiqvi Kexi m¤úvw`Z; (NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j KwgwU, 1999)
211| GKvˇii MYnZ¨v I bvix wbh©vZb : Avmv`y¾vgvb Avmv` (mgq, 1996)
212| gyw³hy‡× evOvwj ‡eŠ× m¤cÖ`vq : cÖYeKygvi eoyqv (evsjv GKv‡Wgx, 1998)
213| gyw³hy‡×i cÎ-cwÎKv Ges Rb¥f~wg cÖm½ : dRjyj evix m¤úvw`Z
(ms‡hvM, 1990)
214| gyw³i ‡mvcvbZ‡j : iwdKyj Bmjvg exiDËg; (AvMvgx, 2001)
215| gyw³hy× I bvix : ‡iv‡Kqv Kexi I gywRe ‡gn`x; (AvBBwW, 2006)
216| nvqbvi LvuPvq A`g¨ Rxeb : g›Uy Lvb
217| g¨vmvKvi : ievU© ‡cBb
218| Rxeb msMÖvg : Kg‡iW gwY wms
219| iYv½‡b GKvËi : wbRvgDÏxb j¯‹i; (HwZn¨)
220| Witness to Surrender : Siddiq Salik
ISBN: 984 05 1373 7; (The University Press Limited)
221| Surrender at Dacca : Birth of a Nation : Lt. Gen. JFR Jacob
ISBN: 984 05 1395 8; (The University Press Limited)
222| Bangladesh at War : Maj. Gen. K. M. Safiullah, psc., Bir Uttam
ISBN: 984-08-0109-0; (Academic Publishers)
223| Of Blood and Fire : The Untold Story of Bangladesh's War of
Independence : Jahanara Imam; translated by Mustafizur Rahman;(Academic
Publishers)
224| A Tale of Millions : Bangladesh Liberation War-1971 : Maj. Rafiqul
Islam, Bir Uttam; (Ananna)
225| War and Secession : Pakistan, India, and the Creation of Bangladesh :
Richard Sisson, Leo Rose
ISBN: 0520076656; (Univ California Press)
226| BANGLADESH, THE UNFINISHED REVOLUTION
Author: Lawrence Lifschultz
Publisher: ZED Press , London
227| THE BANGLADESH REVOLUTION & AFTERMATH g: Talukder
Maniruzzaman; (Bangladesh Book Internationa)
228| DISCOVERY OF BANGLADESH : Stephen M. Gill
Publisher: The Uffington Press
Address: Melksham, Wiltshire, U. K.
229| India and South Asia: A Short History : David Ludden
ISBN 1851682376; (Oxford oneworld)
230| GK ‡Rbv‡i‡ji bxie mv¶x (¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g `kK)- ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij gBbyj ‡nv‡mb ‡PŠayix
231| Avgvi ‡QvU‡ejv 1971 Ges evev ZvRDÏxb Avng` : wmwgb ‡nv‡mb wiwg
232| AvZ¥K_v 1971- wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y
233| weRqx n‡q wdie bv nq wdieB bv-‡gRi Kvgi“j nvmvb f~uBqv
234| Lyu‡R wdwi (1971 Gi wcZ…¯§…wZnxb mš—vb‡`i K_v)-msKjb
198
m~wPcÎ |

1| ivB‡dj-‡ivwU-AvIivZ Av‡bvqvi cvkv 40| gyw³hy× ü`‡q gg gymv mvw`K

2| Avgvi eÜy iv‡k` gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj 41| hLb mgq Gj ‰mq` Avjx Avnmvb
3| AvKvk evwo‡q `vI gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj 42| hy×R‡qi Mí iex›`Ö ‡Mvc
4| 1971 ûgvqyb Avn‡g` 43| Avevi Avwme wd‡i wkixb gwR`
5| ‡RvQbv I Rbbxi Mí ûgvqyb Avn‡g` 44| ‡jvwiq Avjx Bgvg
6| Awbj evMPxi GKw`b ûgvqyb Avn‡g` 45| hy× R‡qi Mí wecÖ`vk eoyqv
7| Av¸‡bi cikgwY ûgvqyb Avn‡g` 46| hy‡× hvevi mgq gÄy miKvi
8| k¨vgj Qvqv ûgvqyb Avn‡g` 47| ivRcyÎ `vD` nvq`vi
9| Rqevsjvi ‡`‡k (Mí) gÄy miKvi 48| evZv‡m evi“` i‡³ Dj¬vm RyevB`v ¸jkvb Aviv
10| wdÖWg Avjx gvn‡g` 49| gyw³‡hv×v n‡Zg hw` Avey nvwbd
11| GKvˇii c‡_i av‡i kvnwiqvi Kexi 50| msMÖvgx evsjv Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv`
12| GKvˇii hxï kvnwiqvi Kexi 51| GKvËi K_v e‡j gÄyi Avng`
13| Kv‡jv ‡Nvov Bg`v`yj nK wgjb 52| Rq Rqš—x gvgybyi ikx`
14| ‡NivI Bg`v`yj nK wgjb 53| byi“j I Zvi ‡bvU eB (Mí msKjb) gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj
15| gv Avwbmyj nK 54| m~‡h©i w`b ûgvqyb Avn‡g`
gyw³hy×wfwËK 16| evsjv‡`k K_v Kq
17| ‡cÖ¶vcU 71
18| cÖwZwe‡¤^i cÖwZaŸwb
‡QvUMí m¼jb
‡QvUMí m¼jb
‡QvUMí m¼jb
55| A Golden Age
56| wK‡kvi gyw³‡hv×v‡ii mwZ¨ Mí
57| e…wó I we‡`ÖvnxMY
Tahmima Anam
Avgxi“j Bmjvg
‰mq` kvgmyj nK
Dcb¨vm, Mí I 19| gyw³hy‡×i Mí
20| Rq evsjvi Rq
‡QvUMí m¼jb
kIKZ Imgvb
58| g‡bi Nywo jvUvB
59| Kvjv KyVywi
21| Rjv½x kIKZ Imgvb 60| gyw³hy× : wbe©vwPZ KweZv mvBdyj¬vn gvngy` `yjvj
KweZv msKjb 22| Rvnvbœvg nB‡Z we`vq
23| Rb¥ hw` Ze e‡½
kIKZ Imgvb
kIKZ Imgvb
61| ivR‰bwZK I AivR‰bwZK cÖeÜ
62| GKRb `ye©j gvbyl (Mí msKjb)
Avng` Qdv
gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj
24| `yB ‰mwbK kIKZ Imgvb 63| cv‡qi AvIqvR cvIqv hvq (bvUK) ‰mq` kvgmyj nK
dvinvb `vD` 25| ‡bK‡o AiY¨ kIKZ Imgvb 64| DËiKv gywRebMi kIKZ Imgvb
26| ‡k‡Li m¤^iv kIKZ Imgvb 65| Zi“¶y
27| GKvˇii eY©gvjv Gg. Avi. AvLZvi gyKyj 66| Zvjvk kvnxb AvLZvi
gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm, Mí I KweZv 28| Iiv PviRb Gg. Avi. AvLZvi gyKyj 67| hy× ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb
msKj‡bi ZvwjKv, ‡ewkifvMUvB 29| Rqevsjv Gg. Avi. AvLZvi gyKyj 68| AveŸy‡K g‡b c‡o ûgvq~b AvRv`
mvg‡nvq¨viB‡bi e¬Mvi‡`i ‡`qv 30| GKvËi Gg. Avi. AvLZvi gyKyj 69| bvgnxb ‡MvÎnxb (MíMÖš’) nvmvb AvwRRyj nK
ZvwjKv ‡_‡K ‡bIqv, GKwU eo Ask 31| weRq Gg. Avi. AvLZvi gyKyj 70| wØZxq w`‡bi Kvwnbx (Dcb¨vm) ‰mq` kvgmyj nK
32| ‡divix m~h© iv‡eqv LvZyb 71| GLb `ytmgq (gÂbvUK) Avãyj¬vn Avj gvgyb
‡bqv DBwKwcwWqv ‡_‡K ivwMe 33| GKvˇii wbkvb iv‡eqv LvZyb 72| ‡givR dwK‡ii gv (gÂbvUK) Avãyj¬vn Avj gvgyb
nvmv‡bi ‡`qv ZvwjKv ‡_‡K| 34| mvZ Nv‡Ui KvbvKwo ggZvR DwÏb Avng` 73| ‡KivgZg½j (gÂbvUK) ‡mwjg Avj `xb
35| eKyj cy‡ii ¯^vaxbZv ggZvR DwÏb Avng` 74| Rxeb I ivR‰bwZK ev¯—eZv (Dcb¨vm) kwn`yj Rwni
36| wbwl× ‡jvevb ‰mq` kvgmyj nK 75| nv½i b`x ‡MÖ‡bW (Dcb¨vm) ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb
37| GKvˇii K_vgvjv ‡eMg b~iRvnvb 76| K¨v¤ú (Dcb¨vm) gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj
38| ‡ZvgivB Ave`yj¬vn Avj gvgyb 77| gyw³hy‡×i Mí (msKjb) Aemi cÖKvkbx
39| evsjvi gyL Avkivd wmwÏKx 78| Av‡iK dvêyb Rwni ivqnvb

199
m~wPcÎ |

gyw³hy×wfwËK Pjw”P‡Îi ZvwjKv

dvinvb `vD`
gyw³hy×wfwËK Pjw”P‡Îi ZvwjKv ‰Zwii KvR Ki‡Z wM‡q eySjvg, G wel‡q Avgvi wb‡Ri Ávb ‡ewk `~i bv| me Kv‡Ri fimv Avgvi eÜy‡`i kiYvcbœ njvg| mncvVx wkwki
wek¦vm mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q w`j wb‡Ri ¯§…wZ ‡_‡K Ges Rgv‡bv k‡Li Le‡ii KvM‡Ri KvwUs ‡Nu‡U ‡ei K‡i w`j A‡bK¸‡jv Pjw”P‡Îi bvg| ZvwjKvUv K‡i GKwU wewPÎ
e¨vcvi j¶¨ Kijvg, ‡mB 1971 Gi Ae¨ewnZ c‡ii mgqUvq wKQy Pjw”PÎ wbwg©Z n‡qwQj gyw³hyׇK wfwË K‡i, Gici wekvj k~b¨Zv, dvuKv, wKQyB ‡bB| cÖvq 15 eQ‡ii
weiwZi ci UyKUvK K‡i 2-1wU Qwe wbg©vY Kiv ïi“ nj, ZvI msL¨vq †h Lye ‡ewk, Zv bq| nq‡Zv A‡bK Qwe Avgv‡`i ‡PvL Ges ¯§…wZ‡K Gwo‡q ‡M‡Q| ZvI ej‡ev, msL¨vUv LyeB Kg| gyw³hy‡×i
gZ GKwU ev¯—e GwcK wb‡q Av‡iv A‡bK¸Y ‡ewk Pjw”PÎ evbv‡bv ‡hZ| ZvwjKvq Qwei bv‡gi cv‡k cwiPvj‡Ki bvg Ges †Kv_vI †Kv_vI gyw³i eQi I Awfbqwkíx‡`i bvg D‡j¬L Kiv n‡q‡Q|

1. Ai“‡Yv`‡qi AwMœmv¶x myfvl `Ë (1974) 26. Liberation Fighters WKy‡g›Uvwi; AvjgMxi Kwei (1971)
2. Iiv 11 Rb Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (1972) 27. Innocent Millions WKy‡g›Uvwi; eveyj ‡PŠayix (1971)
3. Avevi ‡Zviv gvbyl n Lvb AvZvDi ingvb (dvi“K, eweZv AwfbxZ) 28. AvMvgx ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg (1984)
4. i³v³ evsjv Keix, wek¦wRr AwfbxZ 29. kir 1971 kU© wdj¥; ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg (2000); wkï GKv‡Wgx
5. evNv ev½vwj Avb›` 30. b`xi bvg gaygwZ Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j (1990)
6. GKvˇii hxï bvwmi“wÏb BDmyd (1995); kvnwiqvi Kwe‡ii Dcb¨vm ‡_‡K 31. wbtm½ mvi_x Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j (2007); ZvRDÏxb Avng‡`i RxebxwfwËK
7. ax‡i e‡n ‡gNbv AvjgMxi Kexi (1973) 32. m~Pbv ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg
8. Av¸‡bi cikgwb ûgvqyb Avn‡g` (1995) 33. ‡LjvNi ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg
9. k¨vgj Qvqv ûgvqyb Avn‡g` (2006) 34. A State is Born WKy‡g›Uvwi (1971)
10. gyw³i Mvb Zv‡iK gvmy` 35. ¯^vaxbZv Bqvmwgb Kwei
11. gyw³i K_v Zv‡iK gvmy` 36. Rqevsjv Rvcvb miKv‡ii mnvqZvq wbwg©Z
12. RqhvÎv ‡ZŠwKi Avn‡g` 37. ûwjqv Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j; (wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi 'ûwjqv' KweZv Aej¤^‡b kU©wdj¥)
13. gvwUi gqbv Zv‡iK gvmy` (2002) 38. BwZnvmKb¨v kvgxg AvLZvi; (GKRb hy×wkïi Rxeb wb‡q)
14. ‡mB iv‡Zi K_v ej‡Z G‡mwQ KvImvi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix (2004) 39. ‡g‡Ni A‡bK iO nvi“byi ikx` (gvw_b); (1979)
15. Stop Genocide Rwni ivqnvb (1971) 40. Avgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i fyj‡ev bv nvi“b~i ikx` (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
16. Let There Be Light Rwni ivqnvb (1971) 41. `yR©q Rvu‡bmvi Imgvb (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
17. Rxeb ‡_‡K ‡bqv Rwni ivqnvb 42. evsjv gv‡qi `vgvj ‡Q‡j iwdKyj evix ‡PŠayix (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
18. msMÖvg Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (Lv‡j` ‡gvkvii‡di Wv‡qwi Aej¤^‡b) 43. ‡kvf‡bi GKvËi ‡`evkxl miKvi (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
19. Av‡jvi wgwQj 44. GKvˇii iO‡cwÝj gvbœvb nxiv (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
20. KjgxjZv ‡mv‡nj ivbv, KvRix AwfbxZ 45. GKvˇii wgwQj Keix mv‡ivqvi (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
21. nv½i b`x ‡MÖ‡bW Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (1997); ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡m‡bi Dcb¨vm ‡_‡K 46. Rq evsjv‡`k AvB Gm ‡Rvni
22. wkjvwjwc(kU©wdj¥) kvgxg AvLZvi (knx` mvsevw`K ‡mwjbv cvifx‡bi Rxebx Aej¤^‡b 47. Rq evsjv Dgv cÖmv`
23. ü`‡q Avgvi ‡`k exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingv‡bi RxebxwfwËK 48. `yiš— cÙv `yM©vcÖmv`
24. Nine Months to Freedom: The Story of Bangladesh Gm myL‡`e; WKy‡g›Uvwi 49. ‡WUjvBb evsjv‡`k MxZv ‡gnZv
25. War Crimes File MxZv mvqMj I ‡WwfW evM©g¨vb; 50. evsjv‡`k ‡÷vwi bwMmv Iwkgv
wewewm WKy‡g›Uvwi (weÖ‡Ub cÖevmx wZb KzL¨vZ ivRvKv‡ii Ici) 51. ingvb: w` dv`vi Ad w` ‡bkb bwMmv Iwkgv
52. ‡gRi Lv‡j`Õm Iqvi MÖvbvWv ‡Uwjwfkb

200
m~wPcÎ |
¯’vb : ‡Kvb GK AL¨vZ ¯§…wZ‡mŠa
mgq : ‡fvi ev ‡h ‡Kvb ‡gNjv w`b|
(`xN©j‡q wejvc I Zvi mv‡_ Ki“Y ivLvwjqv evukx ‡f‡m
Av‡m| Kvbœv I wejv‡ci g‡a¨ ‡Kvb GKUv Mí ev Kvwnbx
ejv n‡”Q g‡b nq| wKš‘ Kvbœvi `g‡K I wejv‡ci av°vq
‡mB Kvwnbx A¯úó Ki“Y aŸwb‡Z cwiYZ nq| Ki“Y myi
I wejvc Qvwc‡q ‡f‡m Av‡m GKwU Kɯ^i|
Kɯ^i : gvwUi Kvbœv wK ïb‡Z cvI ? Kvb ‡c‡Z ‡kvb
gvwUi ‡KvU‡i ‡dwb‡q IVv ‡mB Kvbœvi myi| GLv‡b
evZvm gv‡b `xN©k¦vm, GLv‡b cvwb gv‡b AkÖyRj, GLv‡b
gvwU gv‡b Kvbœvi myi| ïb‡Z wK cvI?
gyw³hy‡×i bvUK (`~i ‡_‡K ‡f‡m Av‡m Mv‡bi I Kvbœvi myi)
‡Kvivm : c~e© w`M‡š— m~h© D‡V‡Q
i³jvj, i³jvj,i³jvj|
mgq G‡m‡Q gnvhy‡×i
gvwUi Kvbœv
i³jvj, i³jvj, i³jvj|
(Mv‡bi ïi“‡Z PviRb gvbyl GKwU cy®ú¯—eK nv‡Z g‡Â
Av‡m| Zviv axi ax‡i ‡nu‡U hvq| Mvb ‡kl nIqvi
Av‡MB Zviv ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a cy®ú¯—eK Ac©Y K‡i P‡j hvq|
m‡½ m‡½ hy× `vgvgv ‡e‡R I‡V| jvd w`‡q g‡Â Av‡m
kvnRvnvb kvgxg Kvd‡bi Kvco civ GK e¨w³| cy®ú¯—eKwU nv‡Z wb‡q
Qyu‡o ‡d‡j ‡`q|)
e¨w³ (1) : ‡eqv`e¸‡jv Kx g‡b K‡i Avgv‡`i ? mvgvb¨
dyj w`‡q Ki“Yv Ki‡jB Avgiv Lywk‡Z eMj evRve?
eQi ‡k‡l ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a dyj ‡`qvi Rb¨B Kx Avgiv
G‡`kUv ¯^vaxb K‡iwQjvg ?
(‡cQ‡b Ab¨ GK e¨w³ wPrKvi K‡i I‡V )
e¨w³ (2) : GB Pyc Ki| GK`g K_v ejwe bv| ‡Zvi
gZ g…Z gvby‡li K_v ‡K ïb‡e?
e¨w³ (1) : ‡K g…Z ? Avgiv bv Iiv ? Avgiv Rxeb w`‡q
Agi n‡q ‡MwQ| Avi Iiv GK g…Z Rxeb e‡q wb‡q
Pj‡Q| ‡evKvi gZ G Rxeb e‡q Pjvi ‡Kvb gv‡b ‡bB,
‡Kvb j¨ ‡bB, ‡Kvb c_ ‡bB| Ñ ‡KejB Rxeb‡K e‡q
wb‡q g…Z¨yi Kv‡Q mgc©Y Kiv|
e¨w³ (3) : IB ‡h, Avevi c¨vPvj cvievi jvM‡Q| Av‡i
ZyB e¨vUv gBiv ‡MQm, Zi ‡Zv gv_vB bvB| ‡mBUv wKbv
GZ Nvgvm| Zi K_v ‡KVv ïb‡e ?
e¨w³ (1) : (e¨w³ 3 ‡K) GB ‡`‡ki ‡ewki
fvM gvbyl ‡Zvgvi g‡Zv| Av‡MB fv‡e ‡K ‡Zvgvi
K_v ïb‡e, Avi ‡K ‡Zvgvi K_v ïb‡e bv| Gme ‡f‡e
DwPZ K_vUv e‡j bv| Zvn‡j wK G‡`k evm‡hvM¨
_vK‡e? my¯’ f`Ö gvbyl wK G‡`‡k evm Ki‡Z cvi‡e ?
e¨w³ (3) : Zywg fvM¨evb ‡h Zywg gBiv ‡MwQjv| A‡bK
`yf©vMv AnbI evBP¨v Av‡Q| ïay evBP¨v Av‡Q ZvB bv,
M vq M vq ‡cvjvcvbI cq`v Ki‡Q| Zv‡Mv mevB wgj¨v
GB ‡`‡k _vK‡Z nBe| giY Qvov Zv‡Mv hvI‡bi RvqMv
bvB|
Z_¨KYv
gvwUi Kvbœv
iPbv : kvnRvnvb kvgxg
wb‡`©kbv : wRKy Avn‡g`
cÖ_g cÖ`k©bx : 16 wW‡m¤^i, 2007
¯’vb : bvivqYMÄ ‡K›`Öxq ‡cŠi knx` wgbvi
bvU‡Ki `j : bvUyqv
e¨w³ (1) : Gfv‡e we‡eKnxb ‡eu‡P _vKvi ‡P‡q ‡Zv
g…Z¨yB fvj| G Rxeb gv‡b ew›`Z¡| Zvi ‡P‡q g…Z¨yB
A‡bK ¯^vaxb|
e¨vw³ (2) : AveviI ev‡R K_v ejQ ? GKB N¨vbN¨vb
Avi KZw`b Ki‡e?
e¨vw³ (3) : GB K_vB ‡Zv KB‡Z jvMwQ, ‡eû`v c¨vPvj
cvBov gv_vi mvwK©U Mig KBiv jvf Av‡Q ?
(GKwU ‡g‡qwj wejvc ‡f‡m Av‡m)
e¨vw³ (3) : (DrKY© n‡q ‡kv‡b ) ‡KVvq Kv‡›` ?
e¨vw³ (1) : wPb‡Z cviQ bv, ‡Zvgv‡`i mevi we‡eK
Kvu‡`| wePv‡ii evYx Kvu‡`| knx‡`i AvZ¥v Kvu‡`|
( e¨vw³ 2 DrmvwnZ n‡q LyuR‡Z _v‡K)
e¨vw³ (1) : Lyu‡Rv bv| I ‡Zvgvi ‡fZ‡ii Kvbœv - hv
nvwi‡qQ Zvi Rb¨ Kvbœv, hv ‡P‡qQ Zvi Rb¨ Kvbœv|
201
m~wPcÎ |
e¨vw³ (3) : _v‡Kv ‡Zvgvi Kvbœv dvbœv jBqv| Avwg GB m‡e
bvB| e›`yK aiwQ, hy× KiwQ, `¨vk ¯^vaxb KiwQ| Avgvi
Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q GB `¨vk ¯^vaxb, GBUv fve‡jB kix‡ii
K¼vjUv gogo KBiv D‡V| AvR‡K GKUv we‡kl w`b|
cyjvcvb hw` GKUy ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a dyj w`qv gRv jy‡U, jyUyK bv,
Avgvi Kx ? wb‡Ri RvbUv w`qv `¨vkUv evbvqv w`wQ, ‡mBUv
w`qv Iiv wK Kie, ‡mBUv Iiv fvee ? Avgiv K¨vb gv_v
Nvgvgy ?
e¨vw³ 1 : `ytwLZ MYZvwš¿K wbq‡g Avcbvi mv‡_ GKgZ n‡Z
cvijvg bv| Avcbvi e¨w³MZ Kei‡K dyjkh¨v evwb‡q
myLwb`Öv w`b| AvcwË ‡bB| wKš‘ Avgvi `vwe ‡_‡K GK cv
wcwQ‡q Avme bv| GB Kvbœv Avwg _vgveB|
e¨w³ 2 : cvi‡e bv| G KvR ‡Kvb g…Z gvby‡li bq| Zywg ‡Zv
g…Z| 1971 mv‡j ‡Zvgvi Rxeb ‡_‡K iƒcimMÜ ‡K‡o
wb‡q‡Q|
e¨w³ 3 : Avwg hvB, ‡Zvgv‡Mv dvjZy c¨vPv‡j Avwg bvB|
Avevi GKUv j¤^v Nyg w`gy| LvIqv civi wPš—v ‡Zv Avi bvB|
`qv KBiv Ke‡ii kvwš— bó KBi bv ‡Zv|
(e¨w³ 3 P‡j hvq )
e¨w³ 1 : Kvcyi“l|
e¨w³ 2 : Kv‡K Zywg Kvcyi“l ejQ, I GKRb exi|
e¨w³ 1 : AvwgI GKRb exi DËg| Aek¨ Avwg Zv g‡b Kwi
bv| cy‡iv hy×Uv ‡kl Ki‡Z cvwiwb| wmwKfvM nIqvi Av‡MB
m‡i co‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zey Iiv gv‡b H RxweZ gvby‡liv Avgv‡K
exi evwb‡q w`‡q‡Q|
e¨w³ 2 : fv‡jv K‡i‡Q| Iiv Avcbv‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Q| A
vgvi fv‡M¨ ‡Zv ‡Kvb c`we ‡Rv‡Uwb|
e¨w³ 1 : ( nvt nvt K‡i ‡n‡m I‡V) g‡i wM‡qI c`exi ‡jvf
hvqwb|
e¨w³ 2 : (wKQyUv j¾v cvq ) m¤§vb ‡c‡Z ‡K bv Pvq ? Zywg
PvI bv?
e¨w³ 1 : PvB| wKš‘ Zvi Av‡M m¤§vb cvIqvi ‡hvM¨ n‡Z PvB
Ges hv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K m¤§vb cvw”Q ZvivI mr‡jvK nIqv
PvB|
e¨w³ 2 : Zywg GK QvÎ n‡q GKRb Aa¨vcK‡K Ávb w`”Q?
e¨w³ 1 : g…Z¨yiv‡R¨i GB ‡Zv gRv| GLv‡b mevB mgvb|
g…Z¨y mevB‡K mgvb K‡i ‡`q|
(e¨w³ 4 Av‡m )
e¨w³ 4 : mgvb Avi n‡Z cvijvg ‡Kv_vq ? Zywg ‡hgb K‡i
fve‡Z cvi Avwg wK ‡Zgb K‡i fve‡Z cvwi ? g…Z¨yiv‡R¨ ‡Zv
e‡UB, RxweZ iv‡R¨I ‡jv‡Kiv wK fve‡Z cv‡i ‡Zvgvi g‡Zv?
e¨w³ 2 : Zv‡Z Ii jvfUv wK n‡jv ? gv_vUv Mig nIqv
Qvov?
e¨w³ 4 : ‡kv‡bb Aa¨vcK ‡hB eq‡m Avcwb g‡i‡Qb gv‡b
knx` n‡q‡Qb ‡mB eq‡m Avm‡Z Avm‡Z A‡bK ‡bvsiv eyw×i
‡Ljv Avcwb ‡`‡L‡Qb| wKš‘ GB gv_v Mig ‡jvKwU, ‡h wKbv
Avcbvi wek¦we`¨vj‡h fwZ© n‡j AvcbviB QvÎ n‡Zv, ‡m
ZLbI Rxe‡bi GZme ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv ‡`‡Lwb|
e¨w³ 1 : Avcbvi mv‡_ GKgZ bB| ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv Rvbv Avi
‡bvsiv ‡Ljvq ‡g‡Z IVv GK K_v bq|
e¨w³ 2 : Kx ej‡Z PvI Zywg ?
e¨w³ 1 : Avwg ej‡Z PvB, Rxe‡bi me ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv Rvwb|
GRb¨B Gme ‡bvsiv ‡Ljvi `vuZfvOv Reve w`‡Z PvB|
e¨w³ 4 : Kx Ki‡e Zywg ?
e¨w³ 1 : GB ¯§wZ‡mŠ‡a Avi KLbI I‡`i dyj w`‡Z ‡`e
bv|
e¨w³ 2 : cvMj n‡qQ ?
e¨w³ 1 : cvMj ‡K ? Avwg bvwK Iiv ? Iiv ‡h n‡Z dyj
cÖ_‡g Iiv ejj, cvwK¯—vb GKwU
gymwjg ivóÖ| hviv cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶
bq Zviv gymjgvb bq| Õ52 Gi
fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv
eySjvg, ag© Kv‡qg bq, ‡kvlY
Kv‡qgB I‡`i j¶¨| Õ71 Gi
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gva¨‡g Avgiv ‡mB
‡eovRvj fvOjvg| wKš‘ Bmjvg
wb‡q evwYR¨ eÜ nj bv
‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB ‡Zv e¨vjU ‡ccv‡i wmj
gv‡i| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡Z hy×vci-
vax‡K gvjv civq| ‡h n‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB
ivRvKvi‡K
mvjvg ‡`q| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡Z Avje`‡ii nv‡Z
nvZ ‡gjvq| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB ¯^vaxbZv
we‡ivax‡K Rwo‡q a‡i| ZviciI AvwgB cvMj,Iiv bq ?
(`xN© wejv‡ci myi ‡f‡m Av‡m| Iiv Kvb ‡c‡Z ‡kv‡b)
e¨w³ 1 : ‡kv‡bb H Kvbœv, hZw`b ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivaxi gvK©vq
‡fvU co‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv| hZw`b G‡`‡ki
gvbyl f cÖZviK‡K ‡bZv gvb‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv|
hZw`b gvbyl
`yb©xwZevR‡`i ‡fvU ‡`‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv|
e¨w³ 2 : Avgiv Rvwb ‡mUv| G‡`‡ki gvbyl evi evi fyj
K‡i| 1971 Gi dmj N‡i Zyj‡Z wM‡q fyj K‡i‡Q, 1990
Gi dmj N‡i Zyj‡Z wM‡q fyj K‡i‡Q Ges 2008 GI fyj
Ki‡e| RbM‡Yi
weR‡qi dmj evi evi Zviv Zy‡j w`‡q‡Q `yb©xwZevR‡`i
nv‡Z, f‡Ûi nv‡Z, cÖZvi‡Ki nv‡Z| fxlY iKg ‡evKv
G‡`‡ki ‡jvK| mgv‡Ri me‡P‡q Lvivc, me‡P‡q RNb¨,
me‡P‡q ‡bvsiv, me‡P‡q UvDU ‡jvKUv‡K ‡fvU w`‡q ‡bZv
evwb‡q ‡`q|
e¨w³ 4 : `yt‡L eyKUv ‡d‡U hvq| GB Rb¨ e›`yK nv‡Z Zy‡j
wb‡qwQjvg ? fve‡Z cv‡ib, GB ‡`‡ki ‡jvK GK hy×vci-
vax‡K ‡fvU w`‡q‡Q, G‡`‡ki ‡jv‡Ki ‡fv‡U GKRb ag©
e¨emvqx, ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax msm‡` e‡m‡Q| gš¿x n‡q‡Q|
¯^vaxb ‡`‡ki cZvKv D‡o‡Q GKRb ivRvKv‡ii Mvwo‡Z|
(e¨w³ 1 cvM‡ji gZ nvm‡Z _v‡K| `xN©j‡q wejv‡ci myi
‡f‡m Av‡m|)
e¨w³ 4 : ‡f‡ewQjvg IUv mvgwqK fyj| Aí wKQy ‡jv‡Ki
‡evKvwg| wKš‘ ‡h w`b ivRvKv‡ii Mvwo‡Z G ‡`‡ki cZvKv
Doj, GKUv Av¸b wgwQj bvgj bv ivRc‡_, ‡Kvb eRÖK‡É
cÖwZev` aŸwb DVj bv, GKUv eRÖgywô evZv‡m ‡R‡M DVj bv|
j¾vq, Acgv‡b Avgvi nv‡o nv‡o wKjwej K‡i DVj| nvq
Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi Kx RNb¨ Acg…Z¨y!
(‡bc‡_¨ ‡_‡K bvixK‡Éi wejvc ‡f‡m Av‡m| GKRb bvix
Av‡m|)
gwnjv 1 : Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q I‡`i Rxe‡b ‡Kvb ‘71 wQj| Iiv
202
m~wPcÎ |

fy‡j ‡M‡Q 30 j¶ knx‡`i K_v| Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q 2 j¶ i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj|
exiv½bvi K_v| Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q msweav‡bi 4wU gyw³ mb‡`i mgq G‡m‡Q gnvhy‡×i
K_v| Iiv GLb AÜ, Iiv GLb ‡evev, Iiv GLb Kvjv| Iiv ‡hw`b ‡`k ivRvKvigy³ n‡e, i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj|
GLb g…‡Zi ‡P‡qI ‡ewk g…Z| c…w_ex‡Z GZ ‡evKv RvwZ (Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z cy®ú¯—eK nv‡Z ‡Xv‡K 3 Rb cyi“l I
GKwUI ‡bB| weRqx n‡q civwR‡Zi kvmb ‡g‡b ‡bqvi Ggb hy×vcivaxgy³ n‡e, ‡mw`b G‡`k GKRb bvix| cyi“l‡`i Mv‡q cvÄvwe I bvixwUi ci‡b kvwo|
bRxi c…w_ex‡Z Avi GKwUI ‡bB| Avgiv g‡i wM‡q hZUyKy cÖK…Z ¯^vaxb n‡e| ‡mw`b ‡_‡g Zviv mevB Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z cy®ú¯—eK wb‡q GwM‡q hvq|
g…Z 4 Rb Zv‡`i wN‡i GKwU e…Ë iPbv K‡i| evRbvi Zv‡j
RxweZ AvwQ, Iiv ‡eu‡P ‡_‡K Zvi ‡P‡q ‡ewk g‡i‡Q| I‡`i
we‡eK g‡i‡Q| I‡`i mZZv g‡i‡Q| I‡`i ‡`k‡cÖg g‡i‡Q| hv‡e gvwUi Kvbœv, evsjv gv‡qi Zv‡j Zviv 4 Rb ïi“ K‡i Zv e b…Z¨| Zv e b…‡Z¨i evRbvi
Iiv GKwU g…Z RvwZ|
e¨w³ 1 : cÖ_‡g Iiv ejj, cvwK¯—vb GKwU gymwjg ivóÖ| hviv
`xN©k¦vm| ‡mw`b ‡Zvgiv dy‡ji Zv‡j RxweZ 4 R‡bi Mvb nvwi‡q hvq| Iiv hLb cy®ú¯—eK
‡e`x‡Z w`‡Z hvq, ‡mB gyn~‡Z© 4 Rb g…Z gyw³‡hv×v cy®ú¯—eK
cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ bq Zviv gymjgvb bq| Õ52 Gi fvlv Wvwj wb‡q G‡mv, Avgiv nvZZvwj a‡i ‡d‡j| Iiv ‡Póv K‡i cy®ú¯—eK ‡e`x‡Z ivL‡Z| cv‡i
Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv eySjvg, ag© Kv‡qg bq, ‡kvlY bv| g…Z 4 gyw³‡hv×vi mv‡_ Iiv wKQy‡ZB ‡c‡i I‡V bv| Iiv
Kv‡qgB I‡`i j¶¨| Õ71 Gi ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gva¨‡g Avgiv w`‡q ‡Zvgv‡`i ¯^vMZ Rvbve| fq ‡c‡q wcwQ‡q hvq| )
‡mB ‡eovRvj fvOjvg| wKš‘ Bmjvg wb‡q evwYR¨ eÜ nj bvix 1 : (fq ‡c‡q) I gv‡Mv !
bv| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g Zviv MYZš¿‡K Zy‡jvay‡bv Kij| cyi“l 1 : AevK Kv !
wKš‘ MYZ‡š¿i ga¨ w`‡q ¶gZvi ¯^v` ‡bqvi Rb¨ Zviv ‡fvj mgq G‡m‡Q gnvhy‡×i cyi“l 2 : IUv Hfv‡e k~‡b¨ Sy‡j Av‡Q ‡Kb ?
cvëvj| bvix kvm‡bi wei“‡× K_v ejj| wKš‘ ¶gZvi ¯^v` i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj| cyi“l 3 : GiKg A™¢yZ Kv ‡Zv KL‡bv ‡`wLwb !
‡bqvi Rb¨ bvixi c`‡jnb Kij| Bmjvg Kv‡qg G‡`i Kv‡Q e¨w³ 4 : IB ‡h, Iiv Avevi Avm‡Q| I‡`i nv‡Z cy®ú¯— bvix 1 : Pj, Avgiv P‡j hvB|
g~j welq bv| ¶gZvq wM‡q e¨w³MZ m¤ú` evov‡bvB G‡`i eK| cyi“l 1 : IUv wK Ifv‡eB Sy‡j _vK‡e ?
Uv‡M©U| ‡h ‡Kvb `yb©xwZev‡Ri g‡Zv G‡`iI j&¶¨ bM` e¨w³ 1 : I‡`i GB Ki“Yv Avi Acgvb Avgiv ‡g‡b ‡be bv| cyi“l 3 : _vK bv, mgm¨v Kx ?
m¤ú`| ZvB Zviv ¶gZvi ¯^v` ‡c‡qI Bmjv‡gi c‡¶ GKwU I‡`i ‡bvsiv nv‡Zi dyj ‡be bv| cyi“l 2 : `vuovI, IUv‡K Avwg ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a bvwg‡q ivLe|
K_vI e‡jwb| e¨w³ 2 : Kx Ki‡e Zywg ? bvix 1 : ILv‡b ‡hI bv
(e¨w³ 3 Av‡m| wei³ ) e¨w³ 1 : wKQyB hw` bv Ki‡Z cvwi Kgc‡¶ ‡Zv N…Yvq _y _y (cyi“l 2 cy®ú¯—e‡Ki Kv‡Q hvq| IUv‡K aivi ‡Póv K‡i|
e¨w³ 3 : Ke‡ii kvwš— bó Kievi jvMQ K¨vb? `¨vkUv ¯^vaxb wQUv‡Z cvie| cy®ú¯—eKwU m‡i hvq| cyi“l 2 fq ‡c‡q hvq| )
KBiv wK weivU Kvg KBiv dvjvBQ bvwK ? e¨w³ 3 : ( jvd w`‡q nvt nvt K‡i nvm‡Z _v‡K) hvi kB‡j ‡Kvivm :
e¨w³ 1 : ‡Rvi K‡i kvwš— eRvq ivLvi g‡Zv Akvwš— Avi i³ gvsmB bvB, Zvi Avevi _y _y| e¨w³ 1 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv|
‡bB| mgy‡`Öi DciUv kvš— _vK‡jI ‡fZ‡ii ‡mÖvZ wKš‘ ‡_‡g e¨w³ 4 : Avgvi nv‡oi ‡fZi ‡hUyKy Av¸b Av‡Q, ‡mUyKy e¨w³ 3 : Avgiv fyj ‡be bv|
_v‡K bv| Av¸b I‡`i i‡³I ‡bB| e¨w³ 4 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv|
gwnjv 01 : ZvB ‡Zv Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g Avgiv ‡cjvg (e¨vw³ 2 P‡j ‡h‡Z _v‡K ) gwnjv 1 : Avgiv fyj ‡be bv|
AvZ¥NvZx ‡evgv| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g ‡`k f‡i ‡Mj e¨vw³ 1 : ‡Kv_vq hv‡”Qb ? (wZb cyi“l I GK bvix f‡q KyK‡o hvq| e¨w³ 1,3,4 I
fq¼i R½xev‡`| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g g‡i ‡Mj KZ wbi- e¨w³ 2 : ‡Zvgv‡`i GB nvOvgvi g‡a¨ Avwg ‡bB| gwnjv 1 cy®ú¯—eK Zy‡j a‡i|)
civa gvbyl| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g KZ gvbyl wPiZ‡i cO&¸ e¨w³ 3 : Dwb Ávbx ¸Yx eyw×Rxwe gvbyl, Kywj Kvgjvi g‡Zv ‡Kvivm : Avgiv PvB bv Ki“Yvi dyj
n‡q ‡Mj| Bmjvg - GB cy‡iv‡bv A‡¯¿ G ‡`‡ki gvbyl evi cvQov cvQwo Kie bvwK ? Avgiv PvB bv ‡bvsiv nv‡Zi dyj
evi Nv‡qj n‡q‡Q| GB cy‡iv‡bv A‡¯¿ G‡`‡k ev‡i ev‡i ( `vuZ ‡Kwj‡q nvm‡Z _v‡K e¨w³ 3 ) Avgiv PvB bv Acgv‡bi dyj
Akvwš— G‡m‡Q| A_P Bmjvg gv‡b ‡Zv kvwš—| Avn, kvwš—, e¨w³ 2 : Amn¨ GKUv ‡jvK| Avgiv PvB bv fyj ‡jv‡Ki dyj
Zywg ‡Kv_vq ? (e¨w³ 2 P‡j hvq ) cyyi“l 2 : ‡Zvgiv Kviv?
‡Kvivm : c~e© - w`M‡š— m~h© D‡V‡Q gwnjv 1 : H ‡h Iiv Avm‡Q| e¨vw³ 1 : Avgiv gyw³‡hv×v|
i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj| ‡Kvivm : c~e© - w`M‡š— m~h© D‡V‡Q cyi“l 2 : Avgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q bv ‡Kb ?

203
m~wPcÎ |
e¨vw³ 1 : KviY ‡Zvgv‡`i `…wó‡Z Avgiv g…Z¨yeiY K‡iwQ|
‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i knx` gyw³‡hv×v ej|
cyi“l 1 : Avcbviv wK g…Z ?
e¨vw³ 4 : Avgiv Agi| cÖwZwU gyw³cvMj gvby‡li ey‡K
i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i bvg|
bvix 1 : dyjUv IiKg Sy‡j Av‡Q ‡Kb ?
gwnjv 1 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡`qv GB dyj
m¤§v‡bi bq, f vwgi|
cyi“l 3 : Avgiv Avcbv‡`i m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z PvB|
(e¨vw³ 1 nvt nvt K‡i ‡n‡m I‡V|)
e¨vw³ 1 : MZ QwÎk eQi a‡i mevB m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z wM‡q
AviI AcgvwbZ K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡`i ¯^cœ, msMÖvg, AwMœhy‡Mi
K_v mevB fy‡j ‡M‡Q|
e¨vw³ 3 : gv‡b e¨cviUv nBj wMqv Avc‡biv Avgv‡Mv
GKw`‡K dyj `¨vb, Ab¨w`‡K ivRvKvi‡Mv ‡fvU `¨vb - GBUv
‡Zv nBevi cvie bv|
cyi“l 2 : Avgiv ‡Zv ivRvKvi‡K ‡fvU ‡`B bv|
e¨vw³ 3 : ZvB‡j ivRvKv‡iiv msm‡` wMqv H RvqMvUv
AcweÎ Kij K¨vg‡b ? gš¿x nqv ‡`‡ki cZvKvi Acgvb
Kij K¨vg‡b ? Zviv wK R¡xb fy‡Zi ‡fv‡U cvm Ki‡Q ?
Avc‡biv wK ‡fvU `¨vb bvB ?
(Iiv PviRb ci®ú‡ii gyL PvIqv PvIwq K‡i)
e¨vw³ 3 : Zvici a‡ib wMqv, kvwš— KwgwUi ‡jvK¸jvb‡i
‡fvU w`qv ‡Pqvig¨vb ‡g¤^vi evbvB‡Q K¨vWv? Avc‡biv bv ?
GBme nvjyqvi“wUi ‡jvfx ‡jvKRb‡i evi evi ‡fvU w`qv
`¨vkUv‡i `yb©xwZ‡Z P¨vw¤úqb evbvB‡Q K¨vWv ? Avc‡biv bv ?
Avc‡biv wK ‡Kvbw`b mr‡jv‡K‡i ‡fvU w`‡Qb ? cvk
KivB‡Qb Zv‡Mv ?
bvix 1 : Gme welq wb‡q ‡bZviv fve‡e| Avgiv ‡Zv mvaviY
RbMY|
e¨w³ 3 : GB ‡Zv fyj ej‡jb| ‡bZv evbv‡bvi hv`ygš¿
Avc‡bi nv‡Z| Avc‡bi ‡fvU Qvov ‡KD ‡bZv nBevi cvie
bv| Avc‡bi ‡fvU Qvov ‡KD ‡Kvbw`b msm‡` em‡Z cvie
bv|
e¨vw³ 1 : GB me K_v Iiv Rv‡b| Gevi Avmj K_vUv
e‡jb|
e¨vw³ 3 : Avmj K_v, Avmj K_v Avevi ‡KbWv ?
e¨vw³ 1 : Avmj K_v nj hZw`b ch©š— GB ‡`‡k GKUv
hy×vcivax _vK‡e, ZZw`b ch©š— Avgiv dyj ‡be bv|
Avgv‡`i‡K evi evi Acgvb Ki‡Z ‡`e bv| wb‡q hvb
Avcbv‡`i dyj|
(e¨vw³ 1 dyjUv Qy‡o gv‡i| a‡i cyi“l 2 )
e¨vw³ 4 : ‡hB me ivRvKvi‡`i ‡bZv evwb‡q‡Qb, G dyj
wb‡q Zv‡`i Mjvq Sywj‡q w`b, AvcwË ‡bB| wKš‘ I‡`i
mv‡_ m¤úK© ‡i‡L Avgv‡`i m¤§vb Rvbv‡bvi f vwg Avi
Ki‡eb bv|
e¨vw³ 3 : Avgiv mv‡o wZb nvZ Ke‡i ïBqv gvwUi Kvbœv
ïwb| Avgv‡Mv Ke‡ii kvwš— bó nBqv hvq|
e¨vw³ 1 : Kvb ‡c‡Z ïbyb evsjv gv‡qi Kvbœv| Zvi mš—vb
nZ¨vi wePvi AvRI nqwb| Lybx‡`i welv³ wbk¦v‡m evZv‡m
¸‡gvU nvnvKvi|
(‡f‡m Av‡m `~ivMZ wejvc aŸwb)
e¨vw³ 1 : IB ‡h gv Kvu`‡Q| wePvinxbZvi j¾vq Zvi GB
wejvc| Zey Avcbviv Lywb‡`i wePvi Ki‡eb bv| hy×vci-
vax‡`i AvB‡bi KvVMovq `vuo Kiv‡eb bv ?
e¨vw³ 4 : Avi KZ A‡c¶v Ki‡eb? Avgv‡`i Vv v nv‡o
we‡`Öv‡ni Av¸b R¡‡j A_P Avcbv‡`i m‡ZR i‡³ ‡Kvb
we‡õviY ‡bB| Kx n‡q‡Q Avcbv‡`i ? we‡eK g‡i ‡M‡Q ?
mZ¨ fy‡j ‡M‡Qb ? A‡Üi ‡P‡qI ‡ewk AÜ, ‡evevi ‡P‡q
‡ewk ‡evev, Kvjvi ‡P‡q ‡ewk Kvjv| Kx n‡q‡Q Avcbv‡`i ?
cyi“l 2 : Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ| AvMvQv cwi®‹vi bv Ki‡j
dmj g‡i hvq| cuPv A½ bv ‡dj‡j gvbyl g‡i hvq|
Avgv‡`i mgv‡Ri ‡mB cuPv gvbyl¸‡jv‡K fvj gvby‡li `j
‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, bB‡j Zviv ‡MvUv mgvRUv‡K
cuwP‡q ‡dj‡e|
e¨vw³ 1 : mvevk| Avcwb GB cÖR‡b¥i gyw³‡hv×v| Avgiv
‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb K‡iwQ, Avcbviv ‡`k‡K ivRvKvigy³ Ki“b|
bB‡j G ‡`‡k kvwš—‡Z _vK‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Avw¯—‡bi mvc
Avcbv‡K ‡Qvej ‡`‡eB|
gwnjv 1 : ‡hw`b ‡`k ivRvKvigy³ n‡e, hy×vcivaxgy³ n‡e,
‡mw`b G‡`k cÖK…Z ¯^vaxb n‡e| ‡mw`b ‡_‡g hv‡e gvwUi
Kvbœv, evsjv gv‡qi `xN©k¦vm| ‡mw`b ‡Zvgiv dy‡ji Wvwj wb‡q
G‡mv, Avgiv nvZZvwj w`‡q ‡Zvgv‡`i ¯^vMZ Rvbve| dy‡j
dy‡j ‡Q‡q hv‡e GB cweÎ ¯§…wZ‡mŠa|
bvix 1 : Avgiv K_v w`w”Q, ‡hw`b ‡`k hy×vcivax gy³ n‡e,
GB ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a ‡mw`b dyj wb‡q Avme| ‡mB dyj n‡e kÖ×vi,
m¤§v‡bi ; f vwgi bq|
cyi“l 1 : AvR ‡_‡K ïi“ nj hy×vcivax‡`i weiƒ‡× hy×|
kvwš—i Rb¨ hy×|
e¨vw³ 4 : c…w_exi me mf¨ ‡`‡k hy×vci-
vax‡`i wePvi n‡q‡Q| Rvg©vbx‡Z, hy‡Mvk¬vwfqvq,
K‡¤^vwWqvq - hy×vcivaxiv KL‡bv gyw³ cvqwb| K¶‡bv bq|
Avgiv wK hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kie bv? Avgiv wK mf¨ RvwZ
bB?
cyi“l 3 : Avgiv K_v w`w”Q, ‡`k‡K hy×vcivaxi Kej ‡_‡K
gy³ Kie| mviv c…w_ex‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`e, AvgivI mf¨ RvwZ|
e¨vw³ 1 : Avgiv wek¦vm Kijvg, Avcbviv Avgv‡`i ¯^cœ,
msMÖvg I w`b e`‡ji mvabv‡K mvg‡b GwM‡q wb‡q hv‡eb|
AvR‡Ki cÖR‡b¥i Avcbviv Avgv‡`i cÖwZwbwa| Avmyb Avgiv
‡mB ¯^cœ, msMÖvg I w`b e`‡ji mvabvq GKvZ¡ nB|
(e¨vw³ 1, cyi“l 2‡K, e¨w³ 3 cyi“l 1 ‡K, e¨vw³ 4 cyi“l 3
‡K Ges bvix 1 gwnjv 1 ‡K Rwo‡q ai‡e| Zviv ci¯úi‡K
Rwo‡q a‡i Ggb GK fw½ K‡i hv‡Z ‡evSv hvq knx`
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvZ¥v G cÖR‡b¥i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡`‡n Xy‡K
‡Mj| Zvici knx` gyw³‡hv×viv P‡j hvq|
GLb cyi“l 2 e¨vw³ 1 Gi gZ K‡i, cyi“l 1 e¨vw³ 3 Gi
g‡Zv K‡i, cyi“l 3 e¨vw³ 4 Gi g‡Zv K‡i Ges bvix 1
gwnjv 1 Gi gZ K‡i K_v ej‡e| )
cyi“l 2 : GB g…Z cuPv Rxeb Avgiv PvB bv|
cyi“l 1 : Avevi hy× Kigy| GBevi AvMvQv mvd Kivi hy×|
ivRvKvi gy³ Kivi hy×|
cyi“l 3 : nv‡oi g‡a¨ ‡h Av¸b Av‡Q, ‡mB Av¸‡b cywo‡q
gvie I‡`i|
bvix 1 : Avgiv fywjwb 52,71, 90| Avevi GK ‡fvU wec¬‡e
‡f‡m hv‡e mKj av›`vevR, `yb©xwZevR I hy×vcivax| cÖwZwU
‡fvU Avgv‡`i Rb¨ GKwU wec¬e| GB wec¬‡e gZvq Avm‡e
mr, Kg©V I ‡`k‡cÖwgK ‡bZv|
cyi“l 2 : `yb©xwZevR, hy×vcivax fvB fvB, GK `wo‡Z dvuwm
PvB|
cyi“l 1 : AvMvQvgy³ Rwg‡Z Avgiv ‡mvbvwj dmj djvgy|
‡Mvjv fBiv DVe myL Avi kvwš—‡Z|
cyi“l 3 : GKwU ‡fvU wec¬‡ei Av¸‡b cy‡o ‡mvbvi gZ LvuwU
n‡q DV‡e GB ‡`k|
bvix 1 : Avgv‡`i ‡fvU wec¬e AivRKZvi wei“‡×, `yb©xwZi
wei“‡×, f vwgi wei“‡×, hy×vciv‡ai wei“‡×| G‡mv Avgiv
mevB GB wec¬‡e nv‡Z nvZ ivwL|
(Iiv mevB nv‡Z nvZ iv‡L)
204
m~wPcÎ |

A a i
Awg ingvb wcqvj aymi ‡Mva~wj iw³g
ivwMe
Av b iv‡k`
Aveyj evnvi bvgnxb gvbe ivnv
Avwid ‡RewZK bv`vb wiqvR kv‡n`
Avn‡g` kvidyÏxb
c j
B cÖ‡PZ¨ jvBUnvDR
Bi‡ZRv ‡jLv‡RvKv kvgxg

†jLK ZvwjKv G
d
dinv` DwÏb ¯^cb
†jvKvjUK

GKivgyj nK kvgxg dwi` k

Gg Gg Avi Rvjvj dvinvb `vD` kIKZ ‡nv‡mb gvmyg
Gw¯‹‡gv dvnwg`yj nK ‡kwid Avj mvqvi

K e m
Ky½ _vO wec¬e ingvb mv‡R`
mvgx wgqv`v`
R f wmnve ‡PŠayix
Rvgvj fv¯‹i fv¯‹i ‡PŠayix my-kvš—

S g n
S‡ov nvIqv gvneye ‡gvi‡k` nvmvb ‡gvi‡k`
gvneye mygb nvmvb wecyj
Z wgivR
Zxi›`vR ‡gnive kvnwiqvi
gyKyj
‡gv. ZvwiK gvngy`

214