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e›`x wkwei ‡_‡K KL‡bv ‡mR‡b¨ bq| fv‡jv LvI `vI,
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kvgmyi ivngvb ‡mR‡b¨I bq| fqvbK we‡ùviK ‡f‡e|
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B›Uvi‡b‡Ui gnvmgy‡`ª| evsjvfvlvi me‡P‡q
wKQy ‡jLvi wk‡ivbvg, nVvr ‡Pv‡L cov `y GKwU
RbwcÖq e¬M mvg‡nvq¨viBbe¬‡M gyw³hy‡×i Ici
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m¤úv`K, cÖKvkK I wkí wb‡`©kK GB ‡jLv¸‡jv‡K Avgiv GK gjv‡Ui ‡fZ‡i
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†jvKvjUK Ab¨w`K †_‡K Avevi m¤úv`bvi me‡P‡q e‡ov
Avgiv| B-msKjb cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM g~jZ G
Mj`I GwU| Awfbœ evbvbixwZ AbymiY KivI
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gyw³hy‡× m¤§yL mg‡i †Mwijv‡`i GKwU jovB‡qi cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z †P‡qwQ| †mfv‡eB mvRv‡bvi †Póv
wfwWIwPÎ j¶¨ wQj, AvMv‡Mvov cÖvgvY¨ _vKv| ZviciI
K‡iwQ msKj‡bi c„ôv¸‡jv| ‡`‡ki cvVK‡`i
cviv hvqwb †klch©š—| Av‡eMgw_Z `xN©
K_v †f‡e B-msKj‡bi AvKvi wb‡q GKUv
we‡kl K…ZÁZv MíKvwnbxi PvB‡Z wbDBqK© UvBgm ev ˆ`wbK
D‡ØM memgqB wQj| B‡”Q _vK‡jI G w`KUv
evsjvi ‡QvÆ wK¬wcsmUv‡K †ewk ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z
cÖZz¨rcbœgwZZ¡ †f‡e Lye †ewk Qwe ivLv nqwb G msKj‡b|
PvB| A_©nxb Avjv‡ci PvB‡Z ¯^R‡bi gy‡L
†b‡gwmm d‡›Ui AvKviI Lye †ewk e‡ov ivLv nqwb
†kvbv gyw³hy‡×i mwZ¨ NUbv‡K †ewk g~j¨ w`‡Z
c„ôvmsL¨v †e‡o hvIqvi f‡q|
†hvMv‡hvM PvB| g~jZ GKwU we‡kl mgq‡K Avgiv ai‡Z
†P‡qwQ †jLvq-‡iLvq| d‡j gyw³hyׇK Avkªq GUv wVK †h, hv n‡q‡Q Zvi †P‡qI Av‡iv fv‡jv
localtalk@gmail.com
K‡i A‡bK Mí-KweZv e¬‡M cÖKvwkZ n‡jI Zv Kiv m¤¢e wQjÑ m¤úv`bv, A½m¾v, eY©web¨vm
†bIqv m¤¢e nqwb| hw`I e¬M †_‡K cvIqv Avi cÖhyw³MZ w`K †_‡K| whwb cwiKíbv
†jLv¸‡jv we‡k¬lY K‡i †`Lv †M‡Q, †gŠwjK K‡i‡Qb, wZwbB Avevi Bjv‡÷ªU‡i KvR
‘Phire Dekha 71’, Edited & Published by KvR wKsev M‡elYv LyeB Kg| ej‡Z wØav †bB, K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡KB Avevi UzKUvK m¤úv`bv
LocalTalk, First Internet Edition Published G LyeB nZvkvi! Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q eY©web¨v‡mi cÖ‡qvR‡b,
on 12 July 2008
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Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ eÜ ‡NvlYv K‡ib; Ges ivóÖcÖavb cÖRvZ‡š¿i mk¯¿ evwnbxmg~‡ni me©vwabvqK c‡` c~Y© weeiY
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb KZ©…c¶ Zv‡`i cÖwZkÖ“wZ cvjb Kivi AwawôZ _vK‡eb; ¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi ¶gZvmn me©cÖKvi
cwie‡Z© evsjv‡`‡ki RbcÖwZwbwa‡`i m‡½ cvi®úwiK cÖkvmwbK I AvBb cÖYq‡bi ¶gZvi AwaKvix _vK‡eb; Ges AvB‡bi avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k 1971
Av‡jvPbvKv‡j b¨vqbxwZ ewnf©~Z Ges wek¦vmNvZKZvg~jK hy× Zvui Ki avh© I A_©e¨‡qi ¶gZv _vK‡e; Ges gywRebMi, evsjv‡`k, 10 GwcÖj 1971, kwbevi 12
‡NvlYv K‡ib; Ges evsjv‡`‡ki Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ AvBbvbyM I wbqgZvwš¿K ‰PÎ 1377
‡h‡nZy Dwj¬wLZ wek¦vmNvZKZvg~jK Kv‡Ri Rb¨ D™¢~Z miKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj ¶gZviI wZwb
cwiw¯’wZi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU gvby‡li AwaKvix n‡eb| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki Dc-ivóÖcwZ Ges A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ ‰mq`
Awemsevw`Z ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingvb RbM‡Yi bRi“j Bmjvg, ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvcÎ cÖ`Ë ¶gZve‡j 1971
AvZ¥wbqš¿YvwaKvi AR©‡bi AvBbvbyM AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY Øviv wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Avgiv mv‡ji 10 GwcÖj Zvwi‡L G Av‡`k Rvwi KiwQ ‡h, 1971
1971 mv‡ji 26‡k gvP© XvKvq h_vh_fv‡e ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, ‡Kvb Kvi‡Y hw` ivóÖcÖavb bv mv‡ji 25 gvP© ch©š— evsjv‡`‡k ‡h mKj AvBb Pvjy wQj, Zv
K‡ib, Ges evsjv‡`‡ki AL Zv I gh©v`v i¶vi Rb¨ _v‡Kb A_ev hw` ivóÖcÖavb Kv‡R ‡hvM`vb Ki‡Z bv cv‡ib ‡NvlYvc‡Îi m‡½ mvgÄm¨ ‡i‡L GKBfv‡e Pvjy _vK‡e, Z‡e
evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi cÖwZ D`vË AvnŸvb Rvbvb; Ges A_ev Zvui `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b hw` A¶g nb, Z‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabx mve©‡fŠg ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k MV‡bi Rb¨
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb KZ©…c¶ ee©i I b…ksm hy× cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Q ivóÖcÖavb cÖ`Ë mKj `vwqZ¡ Dc-ivóÖcÖavb cvjb Ki‡eb| Kiv hv‡e| GB ivóÖ MVb evsjv‡`‡ki Rbmvavi‡Yi B”Qvq
Ges GLbI evsjv‡`‡ki ‡emvgwiK I wbi¯¿ RbM‡Yi wei“‡× Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, we‡k¦i GKwU RvwZ n‡q‡Q| G¶‡Y, mKj miKvwi, mvgwiK, ‡emvgwiK, wePvi
bwRiwenxb MYnZ¨v I wbh©vZb Pvjv‡”Q; Ges wnmv‡e Ges RvwZms‡Ni mb` ‡gvZv‡eK Avgv‡`i Dci ‡h wefvMxq Ges K~U‰bwZK Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix hviv evsjv‡`‡ki
‡h‡nZy cvwK¯—vb miKvi Ab¨vq hy× I MYnZ¨v Ges bvbvwea `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ e‡Z©‡Q Zv h_vh_fv‡e Avgiv cvjb Kie| cÖwZ AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, Zviv GZw`b ch©š—
b…ksm AZ¨vPvi cwiPvjbvi Øviv evsjv‡`‡ki MYcÖwZwbwa‡`i Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i GB wb‡qvMwewai AvIZvq ‡h k‡Z© Kv‡R envj wQ‡jb, ‡mB GKB
c‡¶ GKwÎZ n‡q kvmbZš¿ cÖYqb K‡i RbM‡Yi miKvi ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv 1971 m‡bi 26‡k gvP© ‡_‡K Kvh©Ki e‡j k‡Z© Zviv PvKywi‡Z envj _vK‡eb| evsjv‡`‡ki mxgvbvq
cÖwZôv Kiv Am¤¢e K‡i Zy‡j‡Q; Ges MY¨ n‡e| Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i Aew¯’Z mKj ‡Rjv RR Ges ‡Rjv g¨vwR‡÷ÖU Ges mKj
‡h‡nZy evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY Zv‡`i exiZ¡, mvnwmKZv I wec¬ex GB wm×vš— Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv Aa¨vcK Gg. BDmyd K~U‰bwZK cÖwZwbwa hviv Ab¨Î Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb, Zviv mKj
Kvh©Kª‡gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki Dci Zv‡`i Kvh©Kwi KZ©…Z¡ Avjx‡K h_vh_fv‡e ivóÖcÖavb I Dc-ivóÖcÖav‡bi kc_ MÖnY miKvwi Kg©Pvix‡K ¯^ ¯^ GjvKvq AvbyM‡Z¨i kc_ MÖn‡Yi
cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q; Abyôvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y I wbhy³ Kijvg| e¨e¯’v Ki‡eb|
mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY wbe©vwPZ GB Av‡`k 1971 mv‡ji 26‡k gvP© ‡_‡K Kvh©Ki Kiv
cÖwZwbwa‡`i cÖwZ ‡h g¨v‡ÛU w`‡q‡Qb ‡m g¨v‡ÛU ‡gvZv‡eK ¯^v¶i: Aa¨vcK Gg. BDmyd Avjx n‡q‡Q e‡j MY¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgiv, wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaiv, Avgv‡`i mgev‡q MYcwil` MVb
K‡i cvi®úwiK Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki evsjv‡`k MYcwil‡`i ¶gZv Øviv ¯^v¶i:- ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg
RbM‡Yi Rb¨ mvg¨, gvbweK gh©v`v I mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi Ges ¶gZve‡j h_vwewa me©vwaK ¶gZvwaKvix| A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ
cÖwZôv Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU mve©‡fŠg MYcÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv KiwQ Ges AvB‡bi avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k 1971 Z_¨m~Î
Gi Øviv c~e©v‡ý e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZv 1. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy×: `wjjcÎ, Z…Zxq LÛ, MYcÖRvZš¿x
‡NvlYv Aby‡gv`b KiwQ; Ges evsjv‡`‡ki A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg ¯^vaxbZvi evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq, XvKv, 1982, c…ôv 4-7
‡NvlYvc‡Î cÖ`Ë ¶gZve‡j GKwU w`‡b AvB‡bi 2. evsjvwcwWqv wbeÜ: ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎ| ‡jLK: mvRvnvb wgqv
GZØviv Avgiv AviI wm×vš— ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h kvmbZš¿ avivevwnKZv ejerKiY Av‡`k bv‡g GKwU Av‡`k Rvwi
cÖYxZ bv nIqv ch©š— e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb cÖRvZ‡š¿i K‡ib| ‡NvlYvc‡Îi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ ‡i‡L 1971 mv‡ji 25
ivóÖcÖavb Ges ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg Dc-ivóÖcÖavb c‡` gvP© ch©š— evsjv‡`‡k ‡h mKj AvBb Pvjy wQj, Zv i¶v‡_© evsjv DBwKwcwWqv n‡Z wRGdwWGj Gi Aax‡b cÖ`Ë| ivwMe
AwawôZ _vK‡eb; Ges GB Av‡`k ejer Kiv nq| nvmv‡bi †cv÷ †_‡K msM„nxZ|
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exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
d¬vBU ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb
exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingvb (29 BÝUÖv±i wnmv‡e KvR Kivi ci 1970 G e`wj n‡q Av‡mb
A‡±vei 1941 - 20 AvM÷ ‡RU d¬vBs BÝUÖv±i n‡q| 1971 Gi ‡deª“qvwi gv‡m XvKvq
1971) evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv QywU‡Z Av‡mb|
hy‡× wbnZ nb| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
gnvb gyw³hy‡× Pig 25 gv‡P©i NUbvq wZwb AZ¨š— gg©vnZ nb| c‡i wZwb
mvnwmKZv Avi exi‡Z¡i ‡`ŠjZKvw›`‡Z Rbmfv K‡ib Ges weivU wgwQj wb‡q ‰fie
¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc ‡h mvZRb evRv‡i hvb| cvK-‰mb¨iv ‰fie AvKªgY Ki‡j ‡e½j
exi‡K m‡e©v”P m¤§vb exi‡kÖô ‡iwR‡g‡›U BwcAvi-Gi m‡½ ‡_‡K cÖwZ‡iva ey¨n ‰Zwi
‡LZv‡e f~wlZ Kiv nq d¬vBU K‡ib| Gi ciB Kg©¯’‡j wd‡i wM‡q Rw½ wegvb `Lj Ges
‡jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb ‡mUv wb‡q gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM`v‡bi wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib| 20B
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| AvM÷ mKv‡j KivwPi ‡gŠwicyi wegvb NvuwU‡Z ZviB GK
QvÎ ikx` wgbnv‡Ri KvQ ‡_‡K GKwU Rw½ wegvb wQbZvB
Rxebx K‡ib| wKš‘ wgbnvR G NUbv K‡›UÖvj UvIqv‡i Rvwb‡q w`‡j,
gwZDi 1941 mv‡ji 29‡k A‡±vei cyivb XvKvi 109 AvMv Aci PviwU Rw½ wegvb gwZD‡ii wegvb‡K avIqv K‡i| G
mv‡`K ‡iv‡Wi ‰cwÎK evwo Ô‡gveviK jRÕ-G Rb¥MÖnY mgq wgbnv‡Ri mv‡_ gwZD‡ii aŸ¯—vaw¯— Pj‡Z _v‡K Ges
K‡ib| 9 fvB I 2 ‡ev‡bi g‡a¨ gwZDi 6ô| Zvui evev GK ch©v‡q wgbnvR B‡R± myBP Pvc‡j gwZDi wegvb ‡_‡K
‡gŠjfx Ave`ym mvgv`, gv ‰mq`v ‡gveviKy‡bœmv LvZyb| wQU‡K c‡ob Ges wegvb DÇq‡bi D”PZv Kg _vKvq
XvKv K‡jwR‡qU ¯‹yj ‡_‡K lô ‡kÖYx cvm Kivi ci iv‡k`mn wegvbwU fviZxq mxgvš— ‡_‡K gvÎ 35 gvBj `~‡i
mvi‡Mv`vq cvwK¯—vb wegvb evwnbx cvewjK ¯‹y‡j fwZ© nb| _vÆv GjvKvq weaŸ¯— nq| gwZD‡ii mv‡_ c¨vivmyU bv
wWw÷sKmn ‡gwUÖK cix¶vq mvd‡j¨i mv‡_ cÖ_g wefv‡M _vKv‡Z wZwb wbnZ nb| Zvui g…Z‡`n NUbv¯’j n‡Z cÖvq
DËxY© nb| 1961 mv‡j wegvbevwnbx‡Z ‡hvM ‡`b| 1963 Ava gvBj `~‡i cvIqv hvq| iwk` wgbnvR‡K cvwK¯—vb
GKvˇii gyw³hy‡× Acwimxg mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m wimvjcyi wcGGd K‡jR ‡_‡K Kwgkb miKvi m¤§vbm~PK ‡LZve `vb Ges gwZDi‡K KivwPi
exiZ¡ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ 7 Rb knx` jvf K‡ib Ges ‡Rbv‡ij wWDwU cvBjU wnmv‡e wbhy³ nb| gvmi“i ‡e‡mi PZy_© ‡kÖYxi Kei¯’v‡b mgvwnZ Kiv nq|
Gici KivwPi ‡gŠixcy‡i ‡RU Kbfvm©b ‡Kvm© mgvwß K‡i exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingv‡bi ¯¿x wgwj ingvb gyw³hy×
gyw³‡hv×v‡K evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P ‡c‡kvqv‡i wM‡q ‡RU cvBjU nb| 1965‡Z fviZ-cvwK¯—vb PjvKvjxb, d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb knx` nevi
exi‡Z¡i ‡LZve - exi ‡kÖô hy‡×i mgq d¬vBs Awdmvi Ae¯’vq Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| Gici mgq cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b wQ‡jb| cvwK¯—vwbiv Zvu‡K GK
wgM Kbfvm©b ‡Kv‡m©i Rb¨ cybivq mvi‡Mv`vq hvb| ‡mLv‡b AÜKvi K‡¶ Zvui wkï ev”Pv I Kv‡Ri cwiPvwiKvmn
Dcvwa cÖ`vb Kiv nq| 1967 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB Zvwi‡L GKwU wgM-19 wegvb `xN©w`b e›`x K‡i iv‡L I AZ¨vPvi K‡i| gyw³ cvevi ci
Pvjv‡bvi mgq AvKv‡k ‡mUv nVvr weKj n‡q ‡M‡j `¶Zvi wZwb evsjv‡`‡k wd‡i G‡m gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv cÖKvk
Rxebx wbeÜmg~n evsjv DBwKwcwWqvi mv‡_ c¨vivmy¨U‡hv‡M gvwU‡Z AeZiY K‡ib| 1967 mv‡j K‡ib| 2006 mv‡ji 23 Ryb gwZDi ingv‡bi ‡`nve‡kl
Kg©xiv wewfbœ Z_¨m~Î ‡Nu‡U msKjb wZwb d¬vBU ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U c‡` c‡`vbœwZ jvf K‡ib| Biv‡bi cvwK¯—vb †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k wdwi‡q Avbv nq| Zvu‡K c~Y©
K‡i‡Qb| ivwMe nvmv‡bi †cv÷| ivbx dvivn w`evi m¤§v‡b ‡c‡kvqv‡i AbywôZ wegvb gnovq gh©v`vq 25 Ryb knx` eyw×Rxex ‡Mvi¯’v‡b cybivq `vdb Kiv
wZwb wQ‡jb GKgvÎ evOvwj cvBjU| wimvjcy‡i `yÕeQi d¬vBs nq|
11
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exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
wmcvnx ‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb
‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb (‡deÖyqvwi 2, 1953- A‡±vei 28, 1971) w`‡q ey‡K ‡nu‡U ‡MÖ‡bW wb‡q AvKªgY ïi“ K‡ib| `ywU ‡MÖ‡bW
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| mdjfv‡e ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ AvNvZ nv‡b, wKš‘ Zvi ciciB nvwg`yi
hy‡× Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq| ingvb ¸wjwe× nb| 2 ‡m Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ wM‡q
wZwb cvnvwo Lv‡ji gvÎ 18 eQi eq‡m knx` nIqv nvwg`yi ingvb mvZ Rb exi ‡kÖô
c`KcÖvß knx` gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ me©Kwbô|
‡mLvbKvi `yB Rb cvwK¯—vwb ‰m‡b¨i mv‡_ nvZvnvwZ hy× ïi“ K‡ib|
Gfv‡e AvKªg‡Yi gva¨‡g nvwg`yi ingvb GKmgq ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv÷‡K
ga¨ w`‡q ey‡K ‡nu‡U AKvh©Ki K‡i w`‡Z m¶g nb| GB my‡hv‡M B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui
‡MÖ‡bW wb‡q AvKªgY msw¶ß Rxebx
‡gvnv¤§` nvwg`yi ingvb 1953 mv‡ji 2 ‡deª“qvwi h‡kv‡ii g‡nkcyi
gyw³‡hv×viv wecyj D`¨‡g GwM‡q hvb, Ges kΓ cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwn-
bx‡K civ¯— K‡i mxgvbv duvwowU `Lj Ki‡Z mg_© nb| wKš‘ nvwg`yi
ïi“ K‡ib| `ywU Dc‡Rjvi ‡Lvi`v Lvwjkcyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 1 Zvui wcZv ingvb weR‡qi ¯^v` Av¯^v`b Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb, dvuwo `L‡ji c‡i
AveŸvm Avjx gÛj, gvZv ‡gvmv¤§vr Kvqmy‡bœmv| Lvwjkcyi cÖv_wgK gyw³‡hv×viv knx` nvwg`yi ingv‡bi jvk D×vi K‡i| 2
‡MÖ‡bW mdjfv‡e we`¨vjq Ges cieZ©xKv‡j ¯’vbxq bvBU ¯‹y‡j mvgvb¨ ‡jLvcov K‡ib| nvwg`yi ingv‡bi g…Z‡`n mxgv‡š—i Aí `~‡i fviZxq f~L‡Û wÎcyiv
‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ 1971 mv‡ji 2 ‡deª“qvwi B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›U ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| iv‡R¨i nvwZ‡giQov MÖv‡gi ¯’vbxq GK cwiev‡ii cvwievwiK ‡Mvi¯’v‡b
‡hvM`v‡bi ciB PÆMÖv‡gi ‡mbvwbev‡m B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›Uvj `vdb Kiv nq| 3 wbPy ¯’v‡b Aew¯’Z KeiwU GKmgq cvwb‡Z Zwj‡q
AvNvZ nv‡b, wKš‘ Zvi ‡m›Uv‡i cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ hvb| 25 gvP© cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi hvq|
ciciB nvwg`yi AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L PvKwi¯’j ‡_‡K wbR MÖv‡g P‡j Av‡mb| evwo‡Z 2007 mv‡ji 27 A‡±vei evsjv‡`‡ki ZË¡veavqK miKvi nvwg`yi
GKw`b ‡_‡K ciw`bB gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ P‡j hvb wm‡jU ingv‡bi ‡`n evsjv‡`‡k wdwi‡q Avbvi wm×vš— ‡bq| 4 ‡m Abyhvqx
ingvb ¸wjwe× nb| ‡Rjvi kÖxg½j _vbvi ajB Pv evMv‡bi c~e© cÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z ajB eW©vi 2007 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k ivB‡dj‡mi GKwU `j wÎcyiv
‡m Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb AvDU‡cv‡÷| mxgv‡š— nvwg`yi ingv‡bi ‡`nve‡kl MÖnY K‡i, Ges h_v‡hvM¨ gh©v`vi
mv‡_ Kywgj¬vi weweinvU mxgvš— w`‡q knx‡`i ‡`nve‡kl evsjv‡`‡k
‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ ‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb wb‡q Avmv nq| 11 wW‡m¤^i ivóÖxq gh©v`vq exi‡kÖô nvwg`yi ingvb‡K
wM‡q ‡mLvbKvi `yB 1971 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡mi ‡klfv‡M nvwg`yi ingvb 1g B÷‡e½j
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui wm ‡Kv¤úvwbi n‡q ajB mxgv‡š—i dvuwo `Lj Kivi
XvKvi eyw×Rxex Kei¯’v‡b mgvwnZ Kiv nq| 5
Rb cvwK¯—vwb ‰m‡b¨i Awfhv‡b Ask ‡bb| ‡fvi PviUvq gyw³evwnbx j¶¨¯’‡ji Kv‡Q ‡cŠ‡Q Z_¨m~Î
mv‡_ nvZvnvwZ hy× Ae¯’vb ‡bq| mvg‡b `y c¬vUyb I ‡cQ‡b GK c¬vUyb ‰mb¨ Ae¯’vb wb‡q
AMÖmi n‡Z _v‡K kΓ Awfgy‡L| kΓ Ae¯’v‡bi KvQvKvwQ G‡j
1. ÔBirshreshtha Hamidur Rahman Laid To RestÕ, The Daily
Star, 12 wW‡m¤^i 2007|
ïi“ K‡ib GKwU gvBb we‡ùvwiZ nq| gyw³evwnbx mxgvš— dvuwoi Lye Kv‡Q ‡cŠu‡Q 2. Ôexi nvwg`y‡ii N‡i ‡divÕ, cÖ_g Av‡jv, 15 wW‡m¤^i 2007|
‡M‡jI dvuwoi `w¶Y-cwðg cÖvš— n‡Z cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi 3.ÔBangladesh takes home teenage war heroÕ, iqUvm©, 10
‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wjel©‡Yi Rb¨ Avi AMÖmi n‡Z cviwQ‡jv bv| wW‡m¤^i 2007|
A‡±ve‡ii 28 Zvwi‡L 1g B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U I cvwK¯—vb evwnbxi 4. Ôexi‡kÖô nvwg`y‡ii ‡`nve‡kl ‡`‡k G‡b mgvwnZ Kiv n‡eÕ, cÖ_g
30G dÖw›Uqvi ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui g‡a¨ Zygyj msNl© ev‡a| B÷ ‡e½j Av‡jv, 28 A‡±vei 2007|
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 125 Rb gyw³‡hv×v hy‡× Ask ‡bq| gyw³evwnbx cvwK¯—vb 5. ÔHome they brought warrior dead: Bir Shreshtha
evwnbxi ‡gwkbMvb ‡cv‡÷ ‡MÖ‡bW nvgjvi wm×vš— ‡bq| ‡MÖ‡bW Hamidur to be buried at Martyred Intellectuals’ Graveyard
‡Qvovi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq nvwg`yi ingvb‡K| wZwb cvnvwo Lv‡ji ga¨ todayÕ, The New Nation, 11B wW‡m¤^i, 2007|
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exi‡kªô cwiwPwZ
wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj mvZ exi‡kª‡ôi ¯’vqx wVKvbv
‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj (wW‡m¤^i 16, 1947- GwcÖj 17, 1971)
I ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× AskMÖnYKvix GKRb knx` gyw³‡hv×v| hy‡×
Amvgvb¨ exi‡Z¡i Rb¨ Zvu‡K exi‡kÖô Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ Kiv nq| 1. exi‡kªô knx` BAviB †gvnv¤§` i“ûj Avwgb
MÖvg : evNPvcov, BDwbqb : †`DwU, Dc‡Rjv : †eMgMÄ, †Rjv : †bvqvLvjx|
msw¶ß Rxebx ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : jvKcyi wm dzW, iƒcmv NvU, iƒcmv, Lyjbv|
‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj 1947 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i ‡fvjv ‡Rjvi ‡`ŠjZLvb
_vbvi cwðg nvRxcyi MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvi wcZv nvweeyi ingvb 2. exi‡kªô knx` j¨vÝbv‡qK b~i †gvnv¤§` †kL
‡mbvevwnbxi AemicÖvß nvwej`vi wQ‡jb| ‰kke ‡_‡KB `ytmvnmx wn‡m‡e MÖvg : g‡nk‡Lvjv, BDwbqb : PwÛevicyi, Dc‡Rjv : bovBj m`i, †Rjv : bovBj|
L¨vZ wQ‡jb| cov‡kvbv ‡ewk`~i Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi ci DPP we`¨vj‡q `y-GK ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : Kvwkicyi, kvl©v, h‡kvi|
eQi Aa¨qb K‡ib| 1967-i 16 wW‡m¤^i evwo ‡_‡K cvwj‡q wM‡q ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwi MÖnY
K‡ib| wZwb wQ‡jb PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‰mwbK| 1971-Gi cÖ_g w`‡K PZy_© B÷ 3. exi‡kªô knx` K¨v‡Þb gwnDwÏb Rvnv½xi
‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U‡K Kywgj¬v ‡mbvwbevm ‡_‡K eÖvþYevwoqvq cvVv‡bv nq| ¯^vaxbZv hy× ïi“ nIqvi MÖvg : iwngMÄ, BDwbqb : AvMicyi, Dc‡Rjv : eveyMÄ, †Rjv : ewikvj|
mv‡_ mv‡_ PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U eÖvþYevwoqv‡K wN‡i wZbwU cÖwZi¶v NvuwU M‡o ‡Zv‡j ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ‡mvbv gmwR`, PuvcvBbeveMÄ|
GÛvimb Lv‡ji cv‡o| AvLvDovq Aew¯’Z PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K
wbivcËvi Rb¨ `i“Bb MÖv‡gi `yB b¤^i c¬vUyb‡K wb‡`©k ‡`q| wmcvnx ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj wQ‡jb `yB 4. exi‡kªô knx` j¨vÝbv‡qK gyÝx Ave`yi iDd
b¤^i c¬vUy‡b| Kg©ZrciZvi Rb¨ hy‡×i mgq ‡gŠwLKfv‡e Zvu‡K j¨vÝbv‡q‡Ki `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq| MÖvg : mvjvgZcyi, BDwbqb : KvgviLvjx, Dc‡Rjv : gayLvjx, †Rjv : dwi`cyi|
¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : eywoiNvU, bvwbqviPi, ivOvgvwU|
‡hfv‡e knx` n‡jb
16 GwcÖj cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx PZy_© B÷ ‡e½j‡K wbwðý Kivi Rb¨ Kywgj¬v-AvLvDov ‡ijjvBb 5. exi‡kªô knx` wmcvnx †gv¯—dv Kvgvj
a‡i DËi w`‡K G¸‡Z _v‡K| 17B GwcÖj ciw`b ‡fvi‡ejv cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx `i“Bb MÖv‡g MÖvg : ‡gŠUzwc, BDwbqb : AvjxbMi, Dc‡Rjv : †fvjv m`i, †Rjv : †fvjv|
gyw³evwnbxi Ae¯’v‡bi Dci gU©vi I AvwU©jvixi ‡Mvjvel©Y ïi“ Ki‡j ‡gRi kvdvqvZ Rvwgj 11 ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ‡gvMiv, AvLvDov, eªv²Yevwoqv|
b¤^i c¬vUyb‡K `i“Bb MÖv‡g Av‡Mi c¬vUy‡bi mv‡_ ‡hvM ‡`qvi wb‡`©k ‡`b| 11 b¤^i c¬vUyb wb‡q
nvwej`vi gywbi `i“B‡b ‡cŠ‡Qb| wmcvnx ‡gvnv¤§` ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj Zvi wbKU ‡_‡K ¸wj wb‡q 6. exi‡kªô knx` nvwg`yi ingvb
wbR cwiLvq Ae¯’vb MÖnb K‡ib| ‡ejv 11 Uvi w`‡K ïi“ nq kÎyi ‡Mvjvel©Y| ‡mB mg‡q ïi“ MÖvg : †Lvi`v Lvwjkcyi, BDwbqb : Gm‡Kwe (my›`icyi, eRivcyi
nq gyljav‡i e…wó| mv‡o 11Uvi w`‡K ‡gvMiv evRvi I M½v mvM‡ii kÎy Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K ¸wj Ges Lvwjkcyi), Dc‡Rjv : g‡nkcyi, †Rjv : wSbvB`n|
ewl©Z nq| ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : ajB, weIwc, KgjMÄ, †gŠjfxevRvi|
12 Uvi w`‡K Av‡m cwðg w`K ‡_‡K mivmwi AvKªgY| cÖwZi¶vi ‰mb¨iv AvKªg‡Yi ZxeÖZvq
wenŸj n‡q c‡o| K‡qKRb knx` nb| ‡gv¯—dv Kvgvj gwiqv n‡q cvëv ¸wj Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb| 7. exi‡kªô knx` d¬vBU †jd‡Ub¨v›U gwZDi ingvb
Zvui c~e©w`‡Ki ‰mb¨iv ‡cQ‡b m‡i bZyb Ae¯’v‡b m‡i ‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges ‡gv¯—dv‡K hvevi Rb¨ MÖvg : ivgbMi, BDwbqb : gymvcyi, Dc‡Rjv : ivqcyiv, †Rjv : biwms`x|
Aby‡iva K‡i| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mevB‡K wbivc‡` m‡i hvIqvi my‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ ‡gv¯—dv c~‡Y©v`¨‡g ¯§„wZ¯—‡¤¢i ¯’vb : weGGd kvnxb K‡jR K¨v¤úvm, Kzwg©‡Uvjv, XvKv|
GjGgwR ‡_‡K ¸wj Pvjv‡Z _v‡Kb| Zvui 70 M‡Ri g‡a¨ kÎyc¶ P‡j G‡jI wZwb _v‡gbwb|
G‡Z K‡i kÎyiv Zvui m½x‡`i wcQy avIqv Ki‡Z mvnm cvqwb| GKmgq ¸wj ‡kl n‡q ‡M‡j, Drm : gyw³hy×welqK gš¿bvj‡qi I‡qemvBU
kÎyi AvNv‡Z wZwbI jywU‡q c‡ob|
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MYnZ¨v
gg©vwš—K Kvwnbx wb‡q cvwK¯—vb †_‡K G‡m‡Qb mvb‡W UvBg‡mi mvsevw`‡Ki gh©v`vi gvqv Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi
wi‡cvU©vi| gvÎ GKwU kZ© wQj: cvwK¯—v‡b wM‡q Zvi ¯¿x Ges
cuvP mš—vb‡K wb‡q wd‡i bv Avmv ch©š— Avgiv †hb Zvi
gv‡P©i †kl †_‡K cvK‡mbviv cwiKwíZfv‡e nvRvi nvRvi wi‡cvU© cÖKvk bv Kwi|
†jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i P‡j‡Q| gv‡P©i †kl †_‡K †cÖwm‡W›U
Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi msev`-avgvPvcv-†`qvi †cQ‡bi gg©vwš—K mvb‡W UvBgm ivwR nq Ges wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b wd‡i hvb| `k
Kvwnbx n‡jv GB| K‡jiv Avi `ywf©¶ wb‡qI cuvP wgwjqb w`b A‡c¶v Kivi ci mvb‡W UvBg‡mi GK Gw·wKDwU‡fi
g~j : A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm †jv‡Ki c~e© cvwK¯—vb †_‡K †ewi‡q fvi‡Z P‡j Avmvi GB e¨w³MZ wVKvbvq GKwU ˆe‡`wkK ZvievZ©v Av‡m| Zv‡Z †jLv
wQj, ÒAvmvi cÖ¯‘wZ m¤úbœ, †mvgevi RvnvR Qvo‡e|Ó
n‡jv KviY|
Abyev` : dvnwg`yj nK †`kZ¨vM Kivi e¨vcv‡i ¯¿x I mš—vb‡`i AbygwZ †c‡Z
mvb‡W UvBg‡mi cvwK¯—vb-cÖwZwbwa A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm GB g¨vmKv‡ibnvm mdj nb| Zvi †`kZ¨v‡Mi e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv
cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv wbieZvi c`©v D‡b¥vPb Ki‡jb| wZwb †mLv‡b wQj| Z‡e wZwb †Kv‡bviK‡g GKUv iv¯—v †c‡q hvb| cvwK¯—
cvK‡mbv‡`i KxwZ©Kjvc †`‡L‡Qb| wZwb cvwK¯—vb †Q‡o v‡bi †fZ‡i hvÎvi †kl ch©v‡q wZwb †c¬‡b GKRb Z_¨
G‡m‡Qb wek¦evmx‡K †mme Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨| †mbvevwnbx ïay gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©v‡K †`L‡Z cvb hv‡K wZwb fv‡jvg‡ZvB
¯^vaxbZv-c~e© evsjv ev evsjv‡`k aviYvi mg_©K‡`iB nZ¨v wPb‡Zb| Gqvi‡cvU© †_‡K GKwU †dvbKj Zv‡K †MÖdZvi
Ki‡Q bv| †¯^”QvK„Zfv‡e Lyb Kiv n‡”Q wn›`y I evOvwj Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó wQj| Z‡e †Kv‡bv †dvbKj nqwb Ges wZwb
gymjgvb mevB‡K| wn›`y‡`i ¸wj K‡i ev wcwU‡q gviv n‡”Q g½jevi jÛ‡b G‡m †cuŠQvb|
Zviv †Kej wn›`y e‡jB| R¡vwj‡q †`qv n‡”Q MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg|
A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnv‡mi wi‡cv‡U©i †cQ‡bI i‡q‡Q GKwU c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b g¨vmKv‡ibnvm we‡kl KZ…©Z¡- I wbi‡c¶Zv-
`vi“Y Mí| mnKv‡i hv †`‡L‡Qb Zv wj‡L‡Qb| wZwb †Mvqvi GKRb f`ª
wLª÷vb, wZwb wn›`y ev gymjgvb †Kv‡bvUvB bb| Rxe‡bi
gv‡P©i †k‡li w`‡K c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b `yB wWwfkb cvK‡mbv AwaKvsk mgq KvwU‡q‡Qb cvwK¯—v‡b| 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi
†Mvc‡b cvVv‡bv nq we‡`ªvnx‡`i ÔLuy‡R †ei KivÕi Rb¨| wKš‘ D™¢‡ei ci †_‡KB wZwb cvwK¯—v‡bi cvm‡cvU©avix| †mmgq
`y-mßvn c‡i cvwK¯—vb miKvi AvURb cvwK¯—vbx mvsevw`K‡K †_‡K wZwb cvwK¯—v‡bi A‡bK †bZvi Av¯’v AR©b K‡i‡Qb Ges
Avgš¿Y Rvbvq c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b D‡o hvevi Rb¨| miKvwi GB wi‡cvU© wjL‡Qb mwZ¨Kv‡ii e¨w³MZ `ytL‡eva †_‡K|
Kg©KZ©v‡`i gva¨‡g mvsevw`K‡`i cÖfvweZ K‡i cwðg cvwK¯—
v‡bi RbMY‡K GB aviYv †`qvB Gi D‡Ïk¨ wQj †h, †`‡ki wZwb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q e‡jb, ÒZ_¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©viv
c~e©vs‡k ÔmewKQy ¯^vfvweK n‡q G‡m‡QÕ| mvZRb mvsevw`K Avgv‡`i Rvbvb †mbvevwnbx †h weivU †`k‡cÖ‡gi KvR Ki‡Q,
Zv‡`i K_vg‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Zv K‡ibwb GKRbÑ e¨vcviUv †mfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z|Ó wZwb Zvi cÖwZ‡e`‡bi
wZwb n‡jb KivwPi gwb©s wbDR cwÎKvi mnKvix m¤úv`K I Rb¨ hv †`‡L‡Qb Ges wi‡cvU© K‡i‡Qb †m-m¤ú‡K© †Kvb
mvb‡W UvBg‡mi cvwK¯—vb-cÖwZwbwa A¨vš’wb g¨vmKv‡ibnvm| m‡›`nB _vK‡Z cv‡i bv | Zv‡K GKwU wi‡cvU© †jLvi AbygwZ
†`qv nq hv mvb‡W UvBg‡m 2 †g cÖKvwkZ nq| wi‡cvU©wU‡Z
18 †g g½jevi wZwb AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e G‡m nvwRi nb jÛb¯’ †Kej gvP© 25/26-Gi NUbvi weeiY wQj, hLb evOvwj ˆmb¨iv
w` mvb‡W UvBg‡mi Kvh©vj‡q| Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb, c~e© evsjv we‡`ªvn K‡i Ges AevOvwj‡`i wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡j|
†Q‡o cuvP wgwjqb †jvK‡K †Kb P‡j †h‡Z n‡q‡Q Zvi †cQ‡bi GgbwK `ywf©‡¶i fqvenZvi cÖm½ ch©š— KZ…©c¶ †mÝi
Kvwnbx| wZwb †mvRvmvÞvfv‡e Rvbv‡jb GB Kvwnbx| GB K‡iwQj| G-e¨vcviwUB Zvi bxwZ‡eva‡K cxov w`w”Qj|
Kvwnbx †jLvi ci Zvi c‡¶ Avi KivwP wd‡i hvIqv m¤¢e n‡e wKQyw`b c‡i, Zvi fvlvq, wZwb w¯’i Ki‡jb †h, ÔÔnq hv
bv| wZwb Rvbv‡jb wZwb cvwK¯—v‡b Avi wd‡i bv-hvevi e¨vcv‡i †`‡LwQ Zvi cy•Lvbycy•L weeiY wjL‡ev, bq‡Zv †jLvB eÜ K‡i
gbw¯’i K‡i‡Qb; GRb¨ Zv‡K Zvi evwo, Zvi m¤úwË, Ges †`‡ev; bB‡j mZZvi m‡½ Avi †jLv hv‡e bv|ÕÕ ZvB wZwb
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‡c¬‡b †P‡c‡Qb Ges jÛb P‡j G‡m‡Qb| nvRvi evOvwj gymjgvbivI| wek¦we`¨vjq I K‡j‡Ri QvÎ, Gi A_© hw` nq 20 j¶ †jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv
c~e© evsjv †_‡K Avmv kiYv_x© I wbi‡c¶ K~UbxwZwe`‡`i g‡a¨ wk¶K, AvIqvgx jxM I evgcš’x ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jvi Ges cÖ‡`kwU‡K 30 eQi a‡i K‡jvwb evwb‡q
hv‡`i Gme NUbv m¤ú‡K© we¯—„Z aviYv i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i Øviv Zvi m`m¨mn mevB Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| Ggb wK 176,000 Rb ivLv, ZeyI,Ó Avgv‡K evievi G-K_v ïwb‡q‡Qb XvKv I
cÖwZ‡e`b Avgiv we¯—…Zfv‡e hvPvB Ki‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ| evOvjx ˆmwbK I cywjk hviv 26†k gv‡P© Amg‡qvc‡hvMx I Kzwgj¬vi EaŸZ©b mvgwiK I miKvix Kg©KZ©ve„›`| c~e© evsjvq
`ye©j-m~Pbvi GKUv wec¬‡ei gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k MVb cvK‡mbviv e¨vcKfv‡e I fqvenfv‡e wVK GB KvRwUB K‡i
DØv¯‘iv †Kb cvwj‡q‡Q: †mbvevwnbx c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj, Gi †fZ‡i ZvivI Av‡Q| P‡j‡Q|
hvevi c‡ii wefxwlKvi cÖ_g cÖZ¨¶`k©xi eY©bv GwcÖ‡ji †kl w`‡K c~e© evsjvq `kw`‡b †PvL Avi Kv‡b Puv`cyi ågY †k‡l A¯—vqgvb m~‡h©i m‡½ cvj¬v w`‡q Avgiv Qy‡U
Awek¦vm¨ hvwKQy Avwg †`‡LwQ I ï‡bwQ Zv‡Z GUv fqvenfv‡e P‡jwQ (KviY, eyw×gvb cvK †mbviv c~e©evsjvq fe‡bi †fZ‡i
cwi®‹vi †h GB nZ¨vKvÛ †mbv Kg©KZv©‡`i wew”Qbœ †Kv‡bv ivwÎ hvcb K‡i)| U‡qvUv j¨vÛ KªzRv‡ii †cQb †_‡K nVvr GK
Ave`yj evix fv‡M¨i fimvq †`Šo w`‡qwQj| c~e© evsjvi Av‡iv RIqvb †PuwP‡q DVj, ÒGKUv †jvK †`Šwo‡q hv‡”Q, mv‡ne|Ó
Kvh©Kjvc bq| cvK †mbv‡`i Øviv evOvwj‡`i nZ¨vKvÛB
nvRvi gvby‡li g‡Zv †mI GKUv fyj K‡i †d‡jwQ‡jvÑ †gRi iv‡Vvi gyn~‡Z©B Mvwo _vwg‡q w`‡jb, GKB m‡½ Pxbv
Aek¨ GKgvÎ mZ¨ bq| 25 gv‡P©i iv‡Z cvwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨ivB
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GKgvÎ nZ¨vKvix wQj bv, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ˆmb¨ I
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Kuv‡c| ÔÔ‡KD hLb †`Š‡o cvjvq Zv‡K Avgiv mvaviYZ Lyb
my‡hvM w`‡q‡Q| nvRvi nvRvi AfvMv gymwjg cwievi, hv‡`i ÒAvj¬vni †`vnvB, I‡K ¸wj Ki bv,Ó Avwg †PuwP‡q DVjvg, ÒI
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kiYv_x© wn‡k‡e cvwK¯—v‡b G‡mwQj, cÖvq wbwðý n‡q †M‡Q| Avgvi w`‡K ev‡Rfv‡e ZvwK‡q iv‡Vvi GKUv mZK©Zvg~jK ¸wj
gyRvdiMÄ bv‡g †QvÆ GKUv MÖv‡g Avgiv `vuwo‡q AvwQ| ÔÔI‡K
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Avgiv †PK KiwQ †Kej Avcbvi LvwZ‡i| Avcwb GLv‡b bZzb
n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ¯—b| GB fqvenZv †_‡K wkïivI i¶v cvqwb| `yÕRb RIqvb GwM‡q †Mj Zv‡K †U‡b-wnuP‡o Avb‡Z|
G‡m‡Qb, GQvov Avcbvi †c‡Ui cxov i‡q‡Q|Ó
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kni¸‡jv †_‡K 20,000-GiI †ewk AevOvwji g„Z‡`n cvIqv gv‡K©‡U `wR©i KvR Kwi|Ó
AvIqvgx jxMvi | I‡`i †h LyRwQ Zv Iiv fvjg‡Zv Rv‡b Ges
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†`Š‡oi gva¨‡g Zviv wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i|ÕÕ
ï‡bwQ 100,000-Gi g‡Zv n‡Z cv‡i; KviY nvRvi nvRvi ÒKviwdD‡qi mgq cÖvq n‡q G‡m‡Q, mv‡ne, Avwg Avgvi MÖv‡g
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g„Z‡`‡ni †Kv‡bv wPýB Lyu‡R cvIqv hvqwb| hvw”Qjvg|Ó
Avwg Avevi wR‡Ám Kijvg | iv‡Vvi Zxeª K‡Ú e‡jb: ÔÔAvwg
†Zvgv‡K Aek¨B g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z PvB, Zviv cvwK¯—vb aŸsm cvK-miKvi IB cÖ_g fqvenZv m¤ú‡K© c„w_ex‡K Rvb‡Z ÒmZ¨ K_v ej| †`Šovw”Q‡j †Kb?Ó
Kivi Kx iKg †Póv K‡i‡Q| GLb hy‡×i my‡hv‡M I‡`i †kl w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hv cÖKvk Ki‡Z †`qv nqwb Zv n‡jv, Zv‡`i cÖ‡kœi DËi †`evi c~‡e©B Zv‡K GKRb RIqvb †`n-Zj¬vmx
K‡i †`qvi PgrKvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ|Ó wb‡R‡`i †mbvewnbx †h-nZ¨vKvÛ NwU‡q‡Q Zv wQj wØZxq Ges ïi“ Kij Ges Av‡iKRb `ª“Z Zvi jyw½ †U‡b Lyjj|
ÔÔAek¨,ÕÕ †m ZvovZvwo †hvM K‡i, ÔÔAvgiv ïay wn›`y‡`iB fqvenZg nZ¨vKvÛ| cvK-Kg©KZ©viv Dfq c¶ wgwj‡q nvowRiwR‡i bMœ kix‡i my¯úó Lrbvi wPý †`Lv †Mj, hv
gviwQ| Avgiv ˆmwbK, we‡`ªvnx‡`i g‡Zv Kvcyi“l bB| Zviv wbnZ‡`i msL¨v 250,000-Gi g‡Zv e‡j MYbv K‡i‡QÑ Gi gymjgvb‡`i Aek¨B Ki‡Z nq|
Avgv‡`i igYx I wkï‡`i Lyb K‡i‡Q|ÕÕ g‡a¨ `ywf©¶ Ges gnvgvwi‡Z g„Z‡`i aiv nqwb| †`‡ki
c~e© evsjvi k¨vgj f~wgi Ici Qwo‡q †`qv i‡³i Kj¼wPý¸wj A‡a©‡KiI †ewk RbmsL¨v Aay¨wlZ cª‡`‡k mdj aŸsmKvÛ UªvKfwZ© gvbyl¸‡jv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq
Avgvi †Pv‡L G‡K G‡K aiv cowQj| cÖ_‡g e¨vcviUv wQj Pvjv‡bvi gva¨‡g †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi mvgwiK miKvi c~e© Aš—tZc‡¶ GUv wbwðZfv‡e cÖgvY nj †h evix wn›`y bq|
evOvwj‡`i cÖwZ eb¨ Av‡Kªv‡ki ewntcÖKvk wn‡m‡e AevOvwj‡`i cvwK¯—vb-mgm¨v‡K Zvi wbR¯^ ÔPig mgvav‡biÕ w`‡K †V‡j ZviciI wRÁvmvev` PjwQj|
nZ¨v| GLb GB MYnZ¨v NUv‡bv n‡”Q cvK‡mbv‡`i Øviv w`‡”Qb| Òej Zzwg †`Šo w`‡qwQ‡j †Kb?Ó
D‡Ïk¨g~jKfv‡e| GB mymsMwVZ nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wkKvi wn›`yivB ÒAvgiv c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K G‡Kev‡i ms‡kvab Ki‡Z PvB Ges GZ¶‡Y Ii †PvL ey‡bv n‡q DVj| Ii kixiI KuvcwQj
ïay bq, hviv 75 wgwjqb RbmsL¨vi 10 kZvsk, eis nvRvi wew”Qbœ nIqvi me ûgwK‡K i` Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv `„pcÖwZÁ, cÖPÛfv‡e| †m DËi w`‡Z cviwQj bv, †m nuvUz †P‡c aij|
27
m~wPcÎ |
Òm¨vi, g‡b n‡”Q I †dŠwR|Ó evix cv Lvg‡P aivq GK RIqvb Avgvi ¯§„wZ‡Z R¡jš—| cÖPviYvi Aš—iv‡j nZ¨v I Dcwb‡ekxKiYB
gš—e¨ K‡i| (†dŠwR ˆmwb‡Ki D`©y kã, evOvwj wec¬ex‡`i n‡jv ev¯—eZv|
†h‡Kv‡bv cwðg cvwK¯—vbx Awdmvi ej‡e Gi meB Kiv n‡q‡Q
cvK‡mbviv GB bv‡g wPwýZ K‡i _v‡K|) ÔcvwK¯—v‡bi Av`k©, msnwZ I ALÛZv A¶zYœ ivLvÕ-i Rb¨| wn›`y‡`i nZ¨vjxjvi †hŠw³KZv wel‡q 18 GwcÖj †iwWI cvwK¯—
Òn‡Z cv‡i|Ó Avwg ïbjvg iv‡Vvi wnsmªfv‡e weoweo Kij| wKš‘ A‡bK †`ix n‡q †M‡Q| fvi‡Zi Øviv nvRvi gvBj `~i‡Z¡ vb †_‡K cÖPvwiZ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wgwjUvwi Mfb©i †jd‡Ub¨v›U
ivB‡d‡ji evU w`‡q cÖPÛfv‡e wcwU‡q Avãyj evix‡K fxlY Aew¯’Z `yB Ask‡K GK‡Î ivLvi Rb¨ GB Z_vKw_Z mvgwiK †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi e³e¨ Avwg ï‡bwQ| wZwb ej‡jb Òc~e©
†Rv‡i Quy‡o †`qv nj GKwU †`qv‡ji w`‡K| Zvi AvZ©bv‡`i Kvh©KªgB Av`‡k©i cZb‡K cÖgvY K‡i‡Q| c~e© evsjv‡K cvwK¯— cvwK¯—v‡bi gymjgvbiv cvwK¯—v‡bi Afy¨`‡q †bZ…¯’vbxq f~wgKv
ci Kv‡Qi Kuy‡oN‡ii Avovj †_‡K GK Zi“Y‡K DuwK w`‡Z v‡bi m‡½ hy³ ivLv m¤¢e GKgvÎ K‡Vvi mvgwiK n¯—‡¶‡ci cvjb K‡iwQj, Zviv cvwK¯—vb‡K euvwP‡q ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZÁ|
†`Lv †Mj| evsjvq Kx †hb †PuwP‡q ejj evix| gv_vwU m‡½ gva¨‡g| Avi cvK‡mbv`j cvÄvex‡`i Øviv wbqwš¿Z, hviv wKš‘ wnsmª I AvMÖvmx msL¨vjNyiv Rxeb I abm¤ú` aŸsm Kivi
m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nj| wKQy¶Y c‡iB †Luvov‡Z †Luvov‡Z Kzu‡oNi HwZnvwmKfv‡eB evOvwj‡`i AcQ›` K‡i, N„Yv K‡i| ûgwK w`‡q wecyj msL¨vMwiô‡`i `gb K‡i‡Q, AvIqvgx jxM‡K
†_‡K †ewi‡q Gj GK ey‡ov gvbyl| iv‡Vvi Zv‡K Lvg‡P †U‡b eva¨ K‡i‡Q wnsmvZ¥K bxwZ MÖnY Ki‡Z|Ó
cwiw¯’wZ Ggb Ae¯’vq G‡m‡Q †h wKQy evOvwj‡KI cwðg
Avb‡jv|
cvwK¯—vbx `‡ji m‡½ †`Lv †M‡Q ¯^ZtùzZ©fv‡e| XvKvq GK Ab¨iv †hŠw³KZv †LuvRvi e¨vcv‡i Av‡iv †eva-eyw×nxb|
ÒGB †jvKUv‡K Zzwg †Pb?Ó cyi‡bv eÜzi m‡½ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvIqvi mgq G-iKg Avðh© ÒUvKvi †Rv‡i wn›`yiv gymjgvb RbMY‡K G‡Kev‡i Lv‡Uv K‡i
Ònu¨v mv‡ne| I Avãyj evix|Ó †`‡L‡Q|Ó Kzwgj¬vi Awdmvm© †g‡m 9g wWwfk‡bi K‡b©j bvCg
Ò‡m wK †dŠwR?Ó Avgv‡K Rvbvb| Òï‡l cy‡iv kni‡K Iiv i³k~b¨ K‡i
Òbv mv‡ne| I XvKvq `wR©i KvR K‡i|Ó g„Zy¨i H Av‡`k †`qv n‡jv †d‡j‡Q| UvKv A_© cY¨ me fvi‡Z P‡j hvq mxgvš— cvi n‡q|
ÒmwZ¨ K_v ej|Ó
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bvi‡K‡ji `ya †L‡Z †L‡Z| Avgv‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î ¯‹zj-K‡j‡R A‡a©‡KiI †ewk wb‡R‡`i
†jvK XywK‡q Avcb †Q‡j‡`i cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ cvwV‡q †`q
nVvr wbieZv †b‡g G‡jv| iv‡Vvi AcÖ¯‘Z n‡q ZvKv‡j Avwg Rvbv‡bv nj †h ew›`‡`i `yRb wn›`y, KjKvZvq| Ae¯’v Ggb ch©v‡q G‡m‡Q †h evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ
ejjvg, ÒAvj¬vni †`vnvB, I‡K †h‡Z `vI| Ii wb‡`©vwlZvi
Avi KZ cÖgvY PvI?Ó
Z…ZxqRb ÔQvÎÕ Ges PZz_©Rb GK Avm‡j wn›`y ms¯‹„wZ Ges c~e© cvwK¯—vb cÖK…Zc‡¶ cwiPvjbv
Ki‡Q KjKvZvi gv‡ovqvwo e¨emvqxiv| RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Zv‡`i
RIqvbiv Zey mš‘ó nq bv, Zviv evix‡K wN‡i iv‡L| Av‡iv AvIqvgx jxM †bZv †`k‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z n‡j Ges wek¦v‡mi Kv‡Q RbMY‡K
GKevi ejvi ci iv‡Vvi evix‡K †Q‡o †`evi Av‡`k w`‡jb| wdwi‡q Avb‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i Zv‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó
B‡Zvg‡a¨ †m f‡q R‡ovm‡ov I KzwÂZ n‡q ‡M‡Q| Zvi Rxeb
A™¢yZ AwfÁZvi gy‡LvgywL n‡qwQ Avwg| Ò`ytwLZÓ, †m Avgv‡K A_ev †gRi ewk‡ii K_vB aiv hvK| wZwb wbæc` cvi n‡q G
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ejj, ÒQK cv‡ë †M‡Q| Avwg Zzwg †h cvwK¯—vb‡K Rvwb, Zv ch©v‡q G‡m‡Qb| Kzwgj¬vi 9g wWwfk‡bi GB GmGmI-i
9g wWwfk‡bi Kg©KZ©v‡`i m‡½ Avwg Qqw`b Kzwgj¬vq Ny‡iwQ| wejyß n‡q †M‡Q| Zv‡K †cQ‡bB _vK‡Z `vI|Ó wbR¯^ nZ¨vi LwZqvb 28 e‡j `¤¢I Av‡Q| cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K©
Avwg KvQ †_‡K †`‡LwQ MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg, evwoi ci evwo ÔA¯¿ NÈvLv‡bK ev‡` GK cvÄvex †mbv-Kg©KZ©v cvK‡mbviv Zvi Av‡Q GKUv wbR¯^ e¨vL¨v| ÒGUv nj ï× Avi Aï×i g‡a¨
AbymÜvbÕ-Gi Q‡j Lrbv Kiv nqwb Ggb †jvK‡`i †e‡Q †e‡Q c`‡¶c †bqvi Av‡Mi AevOvwj‡`i Ici Pvjv‡bv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi hy×Ó, GK Kvc KuvPv Pv †L‡Z †L‡Z wZwb Avgv‡K K_vUv
nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kzwgj¬vi mvwK©U nvD‡m (†emvgwiK cÖkvm‡bi K_v ejv Avi¤¢ Kij| †m Avgv‡K ejj, Ò1947-Gi e‡jb| ÒGLvbKvi †jvK‡`i bvg nq‡Zv gymjgv‡bi, cwiPqI
†nW †KvqvU©vi) gvbyl‡`i g„Zy¨hš¿Yvi AvZ©ie Avwg ï‡bwQ| †`kwefv‡Mi mgqKvi wkL‡`i PvB‡Z cvkweK AvPiY K‡i‡Q †`q nq‡Zv gymjgvb e‡j, wKš‘ gvbwmKZvq Giv wn›`y|
KviwdDi bv‡g Avwg †`‡LwQ UªvK †evSvB †jvK wb‡q hvIqv Zviv| Kxfv‡e Avgiv Zv fyj‡Z ev gvd Ki‡Z cvwi?Ó Avcbvi wek¦vm n‡e bv, ïKªevi GLvbKvi K¨v›Ub‡g›U-
n‡”Q Lyb Kivi Rb¨| †mbvewnbxi ÔnZ¨v I AwMœms‡hvM wgkbÕ- †mbvevwnbxi GB D¤§Z aŸsmKv‡h©i `yÕ‡Uv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ˆewkó¨ gmwR‡`i †gŠjwe d‡Zvqv w`w”Qj †h cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Lyb
Gi cvkweKZvi Avwg cÖZ¨¶`k©x| †`‡LwQ wec¬ex‡`i LZg i‡q‡Q| GKwU‡K KZ©„c¶ Ôïw× AwfhvbÕ bv‡g wPwýZ Ki‡Z Ki‡j †e‡nk‡Z hvIqv hv‡e| IB RviRUv‡K Avgiv Lyu‡R †ei
Kivi ci Kxfv‡e MÖvg-kn‡i aŸsmjxjv Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cQ›` K‡ib hv g~jZ aŸsmjxjv‡KB bigfv‡e D”PviY Kiv| K‡iwQ, ev`evwK‡`iI LuyRwQ| hviv I‡Z Ask †bqwb Zviv nj
Ôkvw¯—g~jK c`‡¶cÕ wb‡q Kxfv‡e cy‡iv MÖvg‡K aŸsm¯‘‡c AciwU nj Ôcybe©vmb-D‡`¨vMÕ| c~e© evsjv‡K cwðg cvwK¯— LuvwU gymjgvb| Avgiv Ggb wK I‡`i D`©y †kLv‡ev|Ó
cwiYZ Kiv n‡q‡Q ZvI Avwg †`‡LwQ| Avi ivw·ejv ï‡bwQ v‡bi ekxf~Z Dcwb‡ek evbv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv‡K Gfv‡e eY©bv Kiv Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvqMvi Kg©KZ©v‡`i †`‡LwQ Zv‡`i nZ¨vjxjvi
Zv‡`i mvivw`be¨vcx Pvjv‡bv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Awek¦vm‡hvM¨, ee©i nq| GB XvjvI Awfe¨w³ Ges Ô`y¯‹…wZKvixÕ I ÔnvgjvKvixÕ †cQ‡b KíbvwgwkªZ h‡_ó hyw³I evwb‡q †bb| K…ZKv‡h©i
†ivgš’b| ÒZzwg KqUv LZg K‡iQ?Ó Zv‡`i DËi GLbI wn‡m‡e evisevi D‡j¬L wek¦‡K mš‘ó ivLvi cÖqvm| wKš‘ ˆeaZv wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ A‡bK wKQyB ejv †h‡Z cv‡i, wb‡R‡`i
28
m~wPcÎ |
gvbwmK mš‘wói Rb¨I †mUv cÖ‡qvRb, wKš‘ GB gg©vwš—K Ômg- hvqwb| GB †jvK¸‡jv‡K LZg Kiv n‡q‡Q cwiKwíZ Ii PvKwi| AciwU wb‡q Ii mnKgx©iv I‡K
vavbÕ-Gi g~j KviYUv ivR‰bwZK; evOvwjiv wbe©vP‡b Rqjvf Awfhv‡bi gva¨‡g; wn›`y `g‡bi ev‡bvqvU Awf‡hv‡Mi dj †c‡q em‡Zv| Rvbv †Mj AvRgZ `‡ji GKgvÎ
K‡i ¶gZvq Avm‡Z †P‡q‡Q| wKš‘ 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯—vb G‡jv Av‡iv we¯—…Zfv‡e, Ab¨iKgfv‡e| Awdmvi †h †Kv‡bv ÔLybÕ K‡iwb| †gRi ewki Zv‡K
cÖwZôvi ci †_‡K cvÄvex‡`i AvKv•¶v Ges ¯^v_© miKvwi wbg©gfv‡e †LvuPv‡Zv| ÔÔGB †h AvRgZ,ÕÕ GK iv‡Z ewki Zv‡K
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Zv‡`i wKQy‡ZB mn¨ n‡e bv| Avi mvgwiK evwnbx G‡Z BÜb 15B GwcÖj XvKvq †Nvivi mgq BKevj n‡ji Qv‡` Avwg PviwU Zzwg Zv‡`i †Kgb avIqv w`‡Z cv‡iv| e¨vcviUv LyeB †mvRv|ÕÕ
hywM‡q‡Q| Kg©KZ©viv e¨w³MZfv‡e GB e‡j mvdvB †M‡q‡Q Qv‡Îi MwjZ gv_v c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡LwQ| ZË¡veavqK Rvbvb †h, GB Amvg‡_©¨i R‡b¨ ewki Zvi m‡½ †j‡MB _vK‡Zb|
†h, mvgwiK evwnbx nZ¨vKvÛ ïi“i c~‡e© AevOvwj‡`i †hfv‡e Zv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q 25†k gv‡P©i iv‡Î| `y‡Uv wmuwo Ges GmGmI-i PvKwi QvovI ewki †nW‡KvqvUv©‡i Ôwk¶v Kg©KZ©vÕ
nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi cvëv Reve wn‡m‡e GLbKvi PviwU N‡i cÖPzi i³cv‡Zi wPýI Avwg †`‡LwQ| BKevj n‡ji wQ‡jb| Zv‡KB GKgvÎ cvÄvex Awdmvi †`‡LwQ, †h AbM©j
c`‡¶c¸‡jv †bqv n‡”Q| wKš‘ NUbvejx GgbUv e‡j bv †h †cQ‡b GKwU wekvj AvevwmK feb †mbvevwnbxi we‡kl evsjv ej‡Z cvi‡Zv|
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f`ª I AvZ¥wek¦vmx A¨vWwgivj Avnmv‡bi KvQ †_‡K c~e© cªPzi wWwWwUi ¸u‡ov Qov‡bv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZ‡ekxiv Rvbvb 23 Rb AvIqvgx jxM †bZv| wKQyw`b Av‡M cvK‡mbviv Zv‡K ew›`
evsjvi Mfb©ic` Ges cwÊZgb¨ mv‡neRv`v Lv‡bi KvQ †_‡K bvix I wkïi g„Z‡`n gvÎ N›UvLv‡bK Av‡M mwi‡q †bqv n‡q‡Q K‡iwQ‡jv| ewki Zv‡K Rvbv‡jb, Ò†`Šo M¨vqv, cvwj‡q
mvgwiK ¶gZv †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb MÖnY Kivi Mvwo‡Z K‡i| 25 ZvwiL †_‡KB Qv‡`i Ici jvk¸‡jv †M‡Q|Ó ey‡ov †jvKUv wKQy‡ZB wek¦vm Ki‡Z cviwQj bv
ciB ÔAbymÜvbÕ-Gi cwiKíbv ïi“ nqÑ GUv cwi®‹vi| GUv cPwQj| A‡bK cÖ‡kœi ci Rvbv †Mj nZfvM¨iv wQj Kv‡Qi Kxfv‡e fvOv cv wb‡q cvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| AvwgI bv| G-NUbv
gv‡P©i ïi“i w`KKvi K_v, evOvwj‡`i weivU cÖZ¨vkv G‡m¤^wj- wn›`y-evwoi| GB fe‡b Zviv Avkªq wb‡qwQj| e‡j j¤^v nvwm w`‡q †gRi ewki Avgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q †PvL
mfv ¯’wMZ nevi ci hLb †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Amn‡hvM- GB MYnZ¨v mvab Kiv n‡q‡Q wbZvš— wbwe©Kvifv‡e| 19†k wUc‡jb| c‡i †R‡bwQ I‡`i wbR¯^ fvlvq Ô†`Šo M¨vqvÕ gv‡b
Av‡›`vj‡b c~e© cvwK¯—vb DËvj n‡q D‡V‡Q| ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, GwcÖj mKv‡j Kzwgj¬vi mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †gRi AvMvi n‡jv, ÔÔcvjv‡bvi mgq ¸wj K‡i Lyb|Ó
†cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wb‡qvwRZ cwðg cvwK¯— Awd‡m e‡m _vKvi mg‡q Avwg †`‡LwQ G-mg¯— wb‡`©k Kx Avwg Rvb‡Z cvwiwb K¨v‡Þb AvRgZ KvD‡K Lyb Ki‡Z
vbx ˆmb¨‡`i `gb-cxo‡bi c‡¶i †jvK wn‡m‡e kx‡l© Ae¯’vb wbg©gZvi m‡½ †`qv nq| GK wenvix mve-B݇c±i ew›`‡`i †c‡iwQ‡jb wK bv| PÆMÖv‡gi mËi gvBj Dˇi †dbxi Kv‡Q
K‡i‡Qb| †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii bxwZgvjv‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i PjwQj GKwU ZvwjKv wb‡q Gj| IUvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wbwe©Kvifv‡e Kzwgj¬v mo‡K evOvwj-we‡`ªvnxiv cwiLv Lbb K‡iwQj, †m-
XvKv¯’ cvÄvex B÷vb© KgvÛ| [GUv AZ¨š— ev‡R e¨vL¨v †h PviwU bv‡gi cv‡k †cw݇ji †LvuPv w`‡q AvMv ej‡jb, Òmܨvi GjvKvi me weªR I KvjfvU© aŸsm K‡i 9g wWwfk‡bi
Lvbiv Gi m‡½ RwoZ bq; Lvb cvwK¯—vbx‡`i bv‡gi GKwU mgq GB PviRb‡K wbKv‡ki R‡b¨ wb‡q G‡mv|Ó ZvwjKvi PjvPj‡K mxwgZ K‡i †i‡LwQj| XvKvq B÷vb© KgvÛ †_‡K
c`ex] w`‡K ZvwK‡q Avevi wZwb †cw݇ji `vM emv‡jb, ÒGB G‡Ki ci GK ev‡R Lei †c‡q †Rbv‡ij ivRv DwØMœ n‡q
hLb 25 gv‡P©i iv‡Z cvK‡mbviv XvKvi c‡_ bv‡g, c‡ii w`b †PviUv‡KI wb‡q G‡mv I‡`i m‡½|Ó c‡ob| we‡`ªvnx‡`i cvwj‡q hvIqv i` Kivi R‡b¨ Ri“wi n‡q
mKv‡j kni Ggwb‡ZB Rbk~b¨ wQj, Zv‡`i m‡½ wQj hv‡`i g„Zy¨i H Av‡`k †`qv n‡jv bvi‡K‡ji `ya †L‡Z †L‡Z| `uvovq `w¶Y-c~e© mxgvš—-AÂj eÜ K‡i †`qv| A_P PÆMÖvg
†kl K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Zv‡`i bv‡gi ZvwjKv| G‡Z wQj wn›`y Avi Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bv nj †h ew›`‡`i `yRb wn›`y, Z…ZxqRb ÔQvÎÕ mgy`ª e›`‡i G‡m †cuŠQv‡bv AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨vw`i mieivn
cÖPzi msL¨K gymjgv‡bi bvgÑ QvÎ, AvIqvgx jxM mg_©K, Ges PZz_©Rb GK AvIqvgx jxM †bZv| Ô‡PviwU,Õ Rvbv †M‡jv, wbwðZ Kivi R‡b¨ eZ©gv‡b GKgvÎ c_ wn‡k‡e Db¥y³ ivLvI
Aa¨vcK, mvsevw`K Ges gywR‡ei mnvqZvKvix| gvbyl‡K wbR evox‡Z Zvi eÜz‡K _vK‡Z w`‡qwQj| c‡i mܨvi w`‡K `iKvi n‡q c‡o| ZvB †Rbv‡ij ivRv mn‡RB D‡ËwRZ n‡q
eZ©gv‡b Rvbv‡bv n‡”Q †h ˆmb¨‡`i AvKªg‡Yi wb‡`©k †`qv †`Ljvg GKwU `wo w`‡q nvZ-cv‡q wkw_jfv‡e †eu‡a mvwK©U hvb| †mLv‡b wZwb D‡o †h‡Zb cÖvq cÖ‡Z¨K w`bB| †dbxi
n‡qwQj wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wn›`y Qv·`i AvevwmK feb RMbœv_ nvDRMvgx iv¯—v w`‡q I‡`i wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q| KviwdDi wKQy †f‡O cov weªR wb‡q eKeK Ki‡Zb `xN©mgq a‡i| K¨v‡Þb
nj, igbv †im‡Kvm© gw›`‡ii KvQvKvwQ Aew¯’Z `yÕwU wn›`y c‡i mܨv QqUvi mgq cvwL‡`i GKwU `j Kv‡Q †Kv_vI AvRgZ memg‡qi g‡Zv ZL‡bv †Rbv‡i‡ji Qvqv| Avwg Zv‡K
K‡jvwb Ges Z…ZxqZ cyi‡bv XvKvi ey‡Ki Ici kvLvwicwƇZ| wKwPwiwgwPi KiwQj, nVvr ¸wji Zxeª k‡ã Zv‡`i †Ljvq ‡Q` Avi †`L‡Z cvBwb| cieZx© wZb mßvni R‡b¨ †LvuPv †_‡K
wKš‘ gv‡P©i 26 I 27 Zvwi‡Li w`evivwÎe¨vcx KviwdD‡qi coj| AvRgZ †gvUvgywU i¶v †c‡qwQj| †dbx I msjMœ AÂj 8B †g
mg‡q XvKv I wbKU¯’ bvivqYMÄ wkí GjvKvi wn›`y‡`i †Kb †ejyP †iwR‡g‡›Ui K¨v‡Þb AvRgZ‡K wb‡q cÖvqB †g‡m `y‡Uv 9g wWwfkb Avq‡Ë Avb‡Z cvi‡jv| evOvwj we‡`ªvnxiv †evgv I
nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv Zvi †Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v †`Iqv nqwb| KviwdDi e¨vcvi Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡Zv| GKwU n‡jv 9g wWwfk‡bi A¯¿k¯¿ w`‡q G‡Zvw`b †mLv‡b Ae‡iva w`‡q †i‡LwQ‡jv|
mg‡q iv¯—vq PjvPjKvix gymwjg‡`iI †Kv‡bv wPý cvIqv KgvwÛs Awdmvi †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRvi GwWwm wn‡m‡e †kl‡gl Zviv mxgvš— Uc‡K cÖwZ‡ekx †`k fvi‡Z P‡j hvq|
29
m~wPcÎ |
LvwK-†cvkvK-civ cvK‡mbviv M¤¢xi gy‡L A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj cvK‡mbv Avmvi Av‡Mi iv‡ZB cvwj‡q †M‡Q|
9g wWwfkb †nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii wR-1 †jd‡Ub¨v›U K‡b©j Avmjvg nv‡Z iv¯—vq Ae¯’vb KiwQj| Av‡`kgvwdK ivB‡dj nvZQvov hvIqvi mgq †gRi iv‡Vvi ej‡jb, ÒGB
†eM fvwi A¯¿mn evOvwj we‡`ªvnx‡`i cvwj‡q hvIqvi Le‡i K‡iwb †KD| wUªMvi-myLx KwVb †jvKRb memgq iv¯—v cvnviv `y`©kv‡K Zviv wb‡RivB †W‡K G‡b‡Q|Ó Avwg ejjvg,
wPwš—Z n‡q c‡ob| wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔfviZxqiv Zv‡`i ILv‡b w`‡”Q| †hLv‡b cvK‡mbv, †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv evOvwj‡K cvIqv mvgvb¨ wKQy we‡`ªvnxi Rb¨ wbiciva †jvK‡`i Ici GUv eo
GK`gB _vK‡Z †`‡e bv| e¨vcviUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ LyeB hv‡e bv| †ewk wbg©gZv n‡q †M‡Q| wZwb †Kv‡bv DËi w`‡jb bv|
wec¾bK n‡e| mxgvš—-A‡j Zviv hZ nvgjv Ki‡e Avgiv †iwWI Ges Le‡ii KvM‡R mvgwiK AvBb †NvlYv Kiv n‡”Q K‡qKNÈv c‡iB Puv`cyi †_‡K †divi mgq Avgiv Avevi
ZZ †fvMvwš—i wkKvi ne|Ó cvK-fviZ hy‡×i mgq Pxb †_‡K gyn~gy©ûÑ ‡Pviv‡Mvßv nvgjvi Rb¨ aiv co‡j kvw¯— g„Z¨y`Û| iv¯— nvRxMÄ w`‡q AvmwQjvg| ÔÔnZ¨v Avi AwMœKvÛ AwfhvbÓ-Gi
A¯¿ msMÖ‡ni e¨vcv‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivLvq †jd‡Ub¨v›U v ev weªR aŸsm ev †Luvovi †Póv Ki‡j ¶wZMÖ¯’ A‡ji GKk ee©iZv Avwg ¯^P‡¶ †`Ljvg ZLb| `ycyi‡ejv †m-GjvKvi
K‡b©j †eM wQ‡jb AZ¨š— RbwcÖq AvwU©jvwi Awdmvi| wZwb M‡Ri †fZi mg¯— evwo‡K Gi Rb¨ `vqx Kiv n‡e Ges Ici w`‡q †ek Kov So e‡q †M‡Q| GLb kn‡ii Ici c‡o‡Q
wQ‡jb GKRb Mwe©Z cwiev‡ii m`m¨| wZwb dzjI cQ›` †m¸‡jvi aŸsmmvab Kiv n‡e| Kvh©‡¶‡Î †NvlYv¸‡jvi PvB‡Z gmwR‡`i wgbv‡ii †fŠwZK Qvqv| †cQ‡bi †Lvjv wR‡c
Ki‡Zb| Avgv‡K M‡e©i m‡½ e‡jwQ‡jb, Kzwgj¬vq Gi Av‡Mi fqven me c`‡¶‡c †bqv n‡q‡Q| Òkvw¯—g~jK e¨e¯’vÓ Ggb K¨v‡Þb AvRnvi Avi PviRb RIqv‡bi BDwbdg© ¸wuo ¸uwo
†cvw÷s-Gi mgq Pxb †_‡K Avwb‡q †nW †KvqvU©v‡ii GKwU welq n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q †h evOvwjiv †ec‡ivqv I mwnsm e„wó‡Z Pzcmv‡bv| euvK wb‡ZB gmwR‡`i evB‡i Avgiv Uªv‡Ki
D‡ëvw`‡Ki cyKz‡i wZwb UKU‡K jvj i‡Oi wekvj RjcÙ GKUv eni †_‡g _vK‡Z †`Ljvg| ¸‡b †`Ljvg RIqvb-fwZ©
†ivcY K‡iwQ‡jb| †gRi ewki Zv‡K Lye kª×v Ki‡Zb| ewki mvZUv UªvK| eniwUi mvg‡b wQj GKUv wRc| `yÕRb †jvK
Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb, GKevi GK we‡`ªvnx Kg©KZ©v‡K aiv n‡jv|
mevB wPwš—Z n‡q coj, Zv‡K wb‡q Kx Kiv hvq| Ab¨iv hLb
AvZ‡¼ gyn¨gvb n‡q evOvwj‡`i `y‡Uv Z…Zxq GKR‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ c‡_i cv‡k GK‡kviI †ewk †`vKv‡bi
eÜ `iRv fvOvi †Póv Ki‡Q| `yÕ‡Uv KzVvi w`‡q GB fvOvi †Póv
wb‡`©k cvevi Rb¨ †Uwj‡dv‡b †LuvRLei Ki‡Qb wZwb me cÖwZwKªqv nq| hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i Zviv PjwQj, †gRi iv‡Vvi Zvi U‡qvUv †mLv‡b _vgv‡jb|
mgvavb K‡i †dj‡jb, †`Šo M¨vqv| ïay Ii cvUzKzB M‡Z©i
evB‡i †ei n‡q wQj| m‡½ m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nq| cvK‡mbvi Ò†Zvgiv GLv‡b Kx KiQ?Ó
cwie¨vß k¨vgj †mŠ›`‡h©i g‡a¨ Kx cvkweKZv Pj‡Q, Zv Kíbv Dcw¯’wZ‡Z hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv wZbR‡bi g‡a¨ j¤^v †jvKUv, †h fvsPz‡ii ZË¡veavb KiwQj,
KivI Am¤¢e| GwcÖ‡ji †kl w`‡K Avwg hLb †mLv‡b hvB, Avgv‡`i w`‡K †PuwP‡q DVj, Ò†gvUz, Avgiv Kx KiwQ e‡j
ZLb Kzwgj¬v aŸsm¯‘c| c‡_i `yÕcv‡ki meyR avb‡¶Z w`M‡š— ek¨ KªxZ`v‡mi g‡Zv AvPiY K‡i †Zvgvi g‡b nq?Ó Kɯ^i wPb‡Z †c‡i, †gRi iv‡Vvi wgwó
iw³g Avfvi AvKv‡k wM‡q wg‡k‡Q| ¸j‡gvni, ÔAi‡Y¨i GKUv nvwm w`‡jb| Avgv‡K Rvbv‡jb wZwb n‡jb Zvi cyi‡bv
ewýwkLvÕ †dvUvi mgq G‡m †M‡Q| MÖv‡gi Avg Avi bvi‡Kj †`v¯— BdwZÑ Uz‡qjf_ dÖw›Uªqvm© †dvm© ivB‡d‡ji †gRi
n‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q| BdwZLvi|
MvQ¸‡jv d‡ji fv‡i by‡q c‡o‡Q| Ggb wK iv¯—vi cv‡k
QvM‡ji †`uŠoSvcI cÖgvY KiwQ‡jv cÖK…wZK evsjvi c~Y©Zv| Gi †h Kx fqven A_© Zv ‡`‡LwQ 17 GwcÖj Pvu`cyi hvIqvi iv‡Vvi ej‡jb, ÒAvwg †f‡ewQjvg †KD jyU Ki‡Q|Ó
ÔÔcyi“l Avi ¯¿x¸‡jv‡K Avjv`v Kivi GKgvÎ Dcvq n‡jv,ÕÕ c‡_ nvRxM‡Ä| we‡`ªvnxiv, hviv GL‡bv G-A‡j Zrci, MZ ÒjyU? bv bv|Ó Reve w`j BdwZLvi, ÒAvgiv ïay Lyb KiwQ
Avgv‡K Iiv ej‡jv, ÔÔ†g‡q QvMj¸‡jv Mf©eZx|ÕÕ iv‡Z 15 dzU `xN© GKUv weªR †f‡O †d‡j‡Q| †gRi iv‡Vv‡ii Avi Av¸b R¡vjvw”Q|Ó
(wR-2 Acv‡ikbm&) gva¨‡g Rvbv †M‡jv, Zr¶Yvr GB GjvKvq nvZ bvwo‡q wZwb †evSv‡jb †h Gme wZwb aŸsm Ki‡eb|
nZ¨v Avi AwMœKvÛ: Zv‡`i kvw¯—i bgybv GK`j †mbv`j cvwV‡q †`qv n‡jv kvw¯—g~jK e¨e¯’v †bqvi ÒKÕRb‡K ai‡Z †c‡iQ?Ó iv‡Vvi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb|
Rb¨| weª‡Ri wmwK gvBje¨vcx A‡j †cuwP‡q IVv Nb †avuqv BdwZLvi åƒu bvwP‡q nvm‡jb|
c„w_exi Ab¨Zg Rbeûj AÂj Kzwgj¬vi RbmsL¨vi NbZ¡ n‡jv †`Lv hvw”Qj ZLbI| mvgwqKfv‡e Kv‡Vi Z³v w`‡q mviv‡bv Òej|Ó iv‡Vvi Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb| ÒKÕRb‡K a‡iQ?Ó
cÖwZ eM©gvB‡j 1,900 Rb| A_P †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv gvbyl †`Lv weªRwU mveav‡b cvi nIqvi mgq †`Ljvg Wvbw`‡Ki MÖvg¨ ÒgvÎ ev‡ivRb|Ó wZwb Reve w`‡jb, ÒAvj¬vni ing‡Z Avgiv
†M‡jv bv| ÔevOvwjiv †Kv_vq?Õ wKQyw`b Av‡M XvKvi iv¯—vNvU evwo¸‡jv‡ZI AvMyb jKjwK‡q DV‡Q| I‡`i †c‡qwQ| †jvK‡`i avIqv Kivi Rb¨ bv cvVv‡j †Zv Iiv
G‡Kev‡i wbR©b ‡`‡L †mbv`‡ji †jvK‡`i Avwg wR‡Ám MÖv‡gi ‡cQb w`‡K wKQy RIqvb Av¸b Qov‡bvi †Póv KiwQj cvwj‡qB †hZ|Ó
K‡iwQjvg| I‡`i ‰Zix Kiv DËi wQ‡jv, ÔÔmevB Mªv‡g bvi‡K‡ji †Qveov w`‡q| G¸‡jv KvRI w`w”Qj fv‡jv| KviY †gRi iv‡Vv‡ii Drmv‡n BdwZLvi Zvi NUbvi eY©bv ïi“
†M‡Q|ÕÕ A_P MÖv‡gI †Kv‡bv evOvwj †`Lv hvw”Qj bv| XvKvi mvaviYZ ivbœvi Kv‡R G¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv nq| c‡_i Ki‡jb we¯—…Zfv‡e| Kxfv‡e nvRxM‡Ä e¨vcK A‡š^l‡Yi ci
g‡Zv Kzwgj¬vI G‡Kev‡i Rbk~b¨| jvKmvg w`‡q Avmvi mgq Ab¨w`‡K avb‡¶‡Zi Icv‡ii MÖv‡gI Av¸‡bi wPý †`Lv †Mj| GKUv evwo‡Z jywK‡q _vKv ev‡ivRb wn›`y‡K wZwb Luy‡R
`k gvBj c‡_ nv‡Z †Mvbv K‡qKRb K…lK‡K †`Ljvg| Aek¨ euvkSvo Avi Kzu‡oNi¸‡jv ZLbI cyowQj| kZ kZ MÖvgevmx †c‡q‡Qb Zv iwm‡q ej‡jb| Zv‡`i mevB‡K ÒwbKvk K‡i
30
m~wPcÎ |
†`qv n‡q‡Q|Ó GLb †gRi Bd‡ZLvi GLb e¨¯— Zvi wØZxq nj, ÔÔ†g‡qwUi hvIqvi RvqMv †bBÑ bv Av‡Q cwievi bv Av‡Q Dcvq|
Awfhv‡b, AwMœKv‡Û| Ni|Ó Kxfv‡e †hb Zviv ‡R‡b‡Q cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv
B‡Zvg‡a¨ GKwU †`vKv‡bi `iRv †f‡O †djv n‡q‡Q| evsjvq nZ¨v I AwMœKvÛ Awfhv‡bi AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ †gRi Iov‡j cvK‡mbv‡`i wnsmª I wbg©g asmvZ¥K ZrciZv
†`vKvbwU‡Z †jLv Av‡Q Ò†gwW‡Kj GÛ †÷vimÓ| evsjv BdwZLviI GKRb| we‡`ªvnx‡`i Luy‡R †ei Kivi bv‡g wn›`y I †_‡K i¶v cIqv hv‡e| cZvKv Kxfv‡e evbv‡bv n‡”Q †mw`‡K
†jLvi wb‡P †mB mvBb‡ev‡W© Bs‡iwR‡Z †jLv Av‡Q ÒA‡kvK Ô`y®K…wZKvix‡`iÕ (wec¬ex‡`i Awdwmqvj cwifvlv) Aev‡a Lyb †Kv‡bv †Lqvj ivLv nqwb, †Kv‡bv iK‡g GKUv Pvu`Zviv
†gwW‡Kj GÛ †÷vimÓ| Zvi wb‡P †jLv wQj Ò†cÖvcvBUi G Kivi Ges Avkcv‡ki mewKQy R¡vwj‡q †`evi AbygwZ Zviv _vK‡jB h‡_ó| I¸‡jvi iO, KvVv‡gv Mob ZvB n‡q‡Q
Gg †evmÓ| Zvjv †g‡i Ab¨vb¨‡`i g‡Zv Rbve †evmI nvRxMÄ †c‡q‡Q| GB wUOwU‡O cvÄvex AwdmviwU wb‡Ri KvR wb‡q wewPÎ| mey‡Ri RvqMvq †Kv‡bvUvi Rwg bxj| Zviv †h
†_‡K cvwj‡q‡Qb| †`vKv‡bi mvg‡b wQj GKUv cÖ`k©b K¶| K_v ej‡Z cQ›` K‡ib| Kzwgj¬vi mvwK©U nvD‡R BdwZLv‡ii evsjv‡`kx cZvKvi gvjgkjv w`‡q GB cZvKv evwb‡q‡Q GUv
Ilya, Kd wmivc, g¨v‡½v †¯‹vqv‡mi †evZj, Bwg‡Uk‡bi m‡½ hvevi mgq wZwb Zvi mv¤cÖwZK Kg©Kv‡Ûi wdwiw¯— wbwðZ| mey‡Ri RvqMvq me©Î †`Lv †M‡Q bxj cZvKv|
Aj¼vi, iwOb †cvkv‡Ki c¨v‡KU BZ¨vw` A‡bK wKQy I‡Z w`‡jb| Pvu`cy‡ii g‡Zv GKB `„‡k¨i cybive„wË N‡U‡Q nvRxMÄ,
mvRv‡bv wQj| BdwZLvi jvw_ †g‡i me fv½‡Z jvM‡jb| wZwb gyRvddiMÄ, Kmev Avi eªvþYevwoqvq| wKš‘ cZvKv D‡o‡QÑ
ÔÔAvwg GK ey‡ov‡K †c‡qwQjvgÓ, wZwb ej‡jb| ÔÔnvivgRv`vi
wKQy P‡Ui e¨vM wb‡jb| Ab¨ GKwU ZvK †_‡K wbj wKQy †fŠwZK cZvKv|
`vwo wQ‡jv, Avi fvb KiwQ‡jv cv°v gymjgv‡bi g‡Zv|
c¬vw÷‡Ki †Ljbv Avi i“gv‡ji evwÛj| Zvici †g‡S‡Z me
R‡ov K‡i U‡qvUvq emv GK RIqv‡bi KvQ †_‡K †`kjvB
GgbwK wb‡Ri bvg ejj Avãyj gvbœvb| wKš—y †gwWK¨vj GKwU ÔKzPKvIqvRÕ I GKwU †Pbv Bkviv
B݇cKk‡b cvVv‡ZB Ii †Lj LZg n‡q †Mj|ÕÕ BdwZLvi
wb‡q G‡jb| IB RIqv‡bi gv_vq eyw×myw× fv‡jvB wQj| †m e‡j hvw”Q‡jb, ÔÔAvwg Zv‡K Z¶zwY †mLv‡b †kl K‡i †dj‡Z Av‡iK KªxZ`vmmyjf ek¨Zv †`Lv †M‡Q jvKmv‡g| ciw`b
Mvwo †_‡K jvd w`‡q †b‡g †`Šo w`‡q †`vKv‡b Xy‡K GKUv †P‡qwQjvg| wKš‘ Avgvi †jv‡Kiv ej‡jvÑ GiKg Rvi‡Ri mKv‡j hLb Avwg kn‡i XywK ZLb wec¬exgy³ n‡q †M‡Q|
QvZv †ei K‡i Avbj| BdwZLvi Zv‡K †ewi‡q hvIqvi Av‡`k R‡b¨ wZbUv ¸wj `iKvi| ZvB Avwg Zv‡K GKUv ¸wj Kijvg †`L‡Z †cjvg ïay cvK‡mbv Ges Av¶wiK A‡_© nvRvi nvRvi
Ki‡jb| †Mvcbv‡½, GKUv †c‡U| Zvici gv_vq ¸wj K‡i Zv‡K LZg cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv| †mLvbKvi †gRi Bb-PvR© cyywjk-†÷k‡b
jyU Kiv, wZwb g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡jb, wbqgwei“×| Gici `ª“Z K‡i w`jvg|ÕÕ NuvwU †M‡owQ‡jb, †gRi iv‡Vvi †mLv‡b Avgv‡`i wb‡q †M‡jb|
Av¸b awi‡q w`‡jb BdwZLvi| P‡Ui R¡jš— ¯‘c wZwb Qyu‡o Avgvi mnKgx© cvK-wUwfi GKRb K¨v‡givg¨vb GKUv cÖPviYv-
Avwg hLb P‡j Avwm ZLb Zv‡K †bZ…Z¡-¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i DËi
w`‡jb †`vKv‡bi GK †Kv‡Y, Ab¨ †Kv‡Y Kvc‡oi evwÛj| wd‡j¥i Kv‡R jvKmv‡g G‡m‡Qb, ÔÔ¯^vfvweKZv wd‡i Avm‡QÕÕ
eªvþYevwoqvq cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avev‡iv Zvi Awfhvb nZ¨v Avi
gyn~‡Z©B †`vKvbwU `vD`vD K‡i R¡‡j DVj| wgwbULv‡b‡Ki bv‡gi wbqwgZ GB wmwiR cÖwZw`b ¯^vMZ- KzPKvIqvR Avi
AwMœKvÛ|
g‡a¨B GKwU †`vKvb c‡i †Z‡ji †`vKv‡b Av¸b †cuŠQ‡j eÜ Ôkvwš—mfviÕ Lei cÖPvi Ki‡Zv|
kvUv‡ii †cQ‡b Av¸‡bi AvIqvR †kvbv †Mj| G-mg‡q AvZ‡¼ gyn¨gvb n‡q evOvwj‡`i `y‡Uv cÖwZwKªqv nq| hviv
†m Kxfv‡e GUv K‡i †f‡e Avwg wew¯§Z n‡qwQjvg, wKš‘ †gRi
Nbvqgvb AÜKvi †`‡L iv‡Vvi DwØMœ n‡q DV‡jb| Avevi cvjv‡Z cv‡i Zviv m‡½ m‡½ Aš—wn©Z nq| cvK‡mbvi
Rvbv‡jb wRwbmUv †gv‡UI mygayi bq| ÔÔnvivgRv`viv Gi †P‡q
Avgv‡`i hvÎv ïi“ nj| ciw`b †`Lv n‡ZB †gRi BdwZLvi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z hviv cvjv‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv ek¨ KªxZ`v‡mi g‡Zv
‡ewk gvÎvq G‡m e¨vcviUv‡K `k©bxq K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|
Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ÔÔAvwg gvÎ lvUUv Ni R¡vwj‡qwQ| e„wó bv G‡j AvPiY K‡iÑ hv Zv‡`i Kcv‡j `y‡f©vM Qvov Ab¨ wKQyB e‡q
Avgv‡K wek wgwbU mgq `vI|ÕÕ 39Zg †ejyP †jd‡Ub¨v›U
me¸‡jvB †kl K‡i K‡i †djZvg|ÕÕ Av‡b bv| Pvu`cyi wQj cÖ_gwUi D`vniY|
Rv‡e‡`i Ici fvi c‡owQj RbZv‡K GKwÎZ Kivi| wZwb
gyRvddiM‡Äi K‡qK gvBj `~‡i GK MÖv‡g Avgv‡`i _vgv‡bv †gNbv b`xe›`i msjMœ GB AÂj Av‡M e¨emv-†K›`ª wn‡m‡e `vwoIqvjv ey‡ov GKRb †jvK‡K WvK‡jb| Zv‡K Avbv n‡q‡Q
n‡jv| †`Lv †Mj GKRb gvwUi †`qv‡ji m‡½ KzuK‡o i‡q‡Q| LyeB weL¨vZ wQj| ivw·ejv b`xi cv‡o †fov‡bv nvRv‡iv evbv‡bv mv¶vrKvi †`qvi R‡b¨| †jvKwU, c‡i Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb
GK RIqvb mZK© K‡i w`j †h †m †dŠwR n‡Z cv‡i| wKš— †bŠKv Av‡jvq Av‡jvq GK iƒcK_vi ivR¨ evwb‡q †d‡j| Zvi bvg †gŠjvbv ‰mq` †gvnv¤§` mvB`yj nK, ej‡jb wZwb
wKQy¶Y mZ©K wbix¶‡Yi ci †evSv †M‡jv, †m GKwU wgwó wn›`y Pvu`cyi Rbgvbenxb n‡q c‡o 18B GwcÖ‡j| bv wQj gvbyl, bv GKRb ÔÔLvuwU gymwjg jxMvi; AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †jvK bbÕÕ|
†g‡q| Avi †Lv`vB Rv‡b Kvi Rb¨ †g‡qwU wbi‡e A‡c¶v †Kv‡bv †bŠKv| eo‡Rvi GK kZvsk gvbyl †mLv‡b wQj| (1947 m‡b ¯^vaxb cvwK¯—vb Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡qwQ‡jv
KiwQj| GK RIqvb `k eQi B÷ cvwK¯—vb ivB‡d‡j KvR ev`evwKiv, we‡kl K‡i ‡gvU RbmsL¨vi cªvq Aa©vsk wn›`yiv, gymwjg jxM|) Lywk Kivi R‡b¨ wZwb AvMÖ‡ni m‡½ Av‡iv
Kivi myev‡` wKQy evRvix evsjv iß K‡iwQ‡jv| †m ‡g‡qwU‡K cvwj‡q wM‡qwQj| Iiv cvwj‡q †M‡jI evwo‡Z, †`vKv‡b, Qv‡` Rvbv‡jb, ÔÔwek wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ Avwg Avcbv‡`i Aek¨B Aš—
MÖv‡g P‡j hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡jv| ILv‡b e‡m †_‡KB †g‡qwU nvRvi nvRvi cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv DowQj| g‡b nw”Qj Rbgvbyl Zc‡¶ lvURb †jvK †RvMvo K‡i †`e|ÕÕ Rv‡e`‡K wZwb
Kx †hb weoweo Kij| ZLb Zv‡K wØZxqevi wb‡`©k †`qv nj| QvovB RvZxq w`em D`hvwcZ n‡”Q| wnsmª `„wó †_‡K euvPevi ej‡jb, ÔÔ`yÕN›Uv mgq w`‡j `y‡kv Rb †jvK †RvMvo Ki‡Z
Zey P‡j Avmvi ciI †m ILv‡bB e‡m iBj| Avgv‡K Rvbv‡bv R‡b¨B wQj GB e¨e¯’v| GB cZvKv wQj Zv‡`i AvZ¥i¶vi cvie|ÕÕ
31
m~wPcÎ |
†gŠjvbv mvB`yj n‡Ki mv”Pv Revb| †gR‡ii †`qv PgrKvi i¨vKmvKmn RvZxq GqvijvBb wcAvBG-i wegv‡b Zv‡`i wb‡q d‡j Zv‡`i hvZvqvZ-e¨e¯’v †f‡O c‡o‡Q| 9g
bvi‡K‡ji `y‡a †hB PzgyK w`‡qwQ, Agwb `~i †_‡K AvIqvR Avmv n‡q‡Q XvKvq (Zv‡`i A¯¿k¯¿ mgy`ªc‡_ cvVv‡bv wWwfk‡bi KvRI AbvKvw•¶Zfv‡e wcwQ‡q †M‡Q
†f‡m G‡jv? ÔÔcvwK¯—vb wR›`vev`!ÕÕ ÔÔcvK‡mbv wR›`vev`!Õ n‡qwQj)| wcAvB‡qi mvZwU †evwqs wegvb Avš—R©vwZK I GR‡b¨| Gw`‡K wZb gvme¨vcx Soev`‡ji †gŠmyg P‡j
ÔÔgymwjg jxM wR›`vev`!Ó ( wR›`vev` n‡jv ÔwPiRxex †nvKÕ-Gi Af¨š—ixY d¬vBU evwZj K‡i wm‡jvb w`‡q `xN© 14 w`b a‡i Avmvq mvgwiK Kvh©Kªg eÜ nevi †hvMvo n‡q‡Q|
D`y© kã|) wKQy¶Y c‡iB Zv‡`i KzPKvIqvR K‡i Avm‡Z †`Lv Zv‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Gqvi-†dv‡m©i wKQy el©vKv‡ji R‡b¨ cvK miKvi †g-i wØZxq mßv‡n Px‡bi KvQ
†Mj| I‡`i g‡a¨ ey‡ov Amy¯’ †jvK Avi nvuUzmgvb †Q‡jwc‡j Uªv݇cvU©-GqviKª¨vdU G e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| †_‡K bqwU e„wó‡ivaK Mvb‡evU wb‡q G‡m‡Q| ev`evwK¸‡jvI
wgwj‡q cÂvkRb gvbyl wQj| mevB cvwK¯—vbx cZvKv DuwP‡q cvK‡mbviv Zr¶YvrB c~e©-Kgv‡Ûi 14k wWwfk‡bi A¯¿cvwZ Avmvi c‡_| Avwk Ubx, e¨vcK †Mvjvel©Y-¶gZvavix GB
Mjv dvwU‡q †PuPvw”Qj| †jd‡Ub¨v›U Rv‡f` Avgv‡K GKwU wb‡q ZrciZvq †b‡g †M‡Q| Kzwgj¬v †_‡K wbqwš¿Z 9g Mvb‡evU¸‡jv wegvb evwnbx I AvwU©jvixi ‰mwbK‡`i GLb ch©š—
†Pbv Bkviv w`‡jb| wgwbULv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨ KzPKvIqvRwU GKwU wWwfkb‡K wb‡`©k ‡`qv n‡qwQj c~e© mxgvš— eÜ K‡i w`‡ZÑ e¨env‡ii R‡b¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ e„wó G‡j G¸‡jv KvR
Rbmfvq cwiYZ nj, GKwU gvBK †RvMvo n‡q ‡Mj, e³„Zv hv‡Z wec¬exiv Zv‡`i Pjv‡div I miÄvg-mieivn bv-Ki‡Z Ki‡e bv| GB †evU¸‡jv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡e K‡qKk †`kxq
Ki‡Z AvMÖnxi msL¨v evo‡Z _vKj| cv‡i| h‡kvi †nW‡KvqvUv©‡ii m‡½ wg‡j 16k wWwfkbI cwienb hv †mbvevwnbxi e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Bmy¨ I cwiewZ©Z Kiv
‰mwbK‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ¯^vMZ fvlY †`qvi R‡b¨ mvg‡b †V‡j †`qv cÖ‡`‡ki cwðg mxgv‡š— GKB ai‡bi Kv‡R b¨¯— wQ‡jv| †g n‡q‡Q| †mbvevwnbx we‡`ªvnx‡`i †Luv‡R Rjc‡_I †ei“‡Z Pvq|
nj gvneye-Di ingvb‡K| ÔÔGb Gd K‡j‡Ri Bs‡iRx I
Aviwei Aa¨vcK Ges gymwjg jx‡Mi AvRxeb m`m¨ÕÕ wn‡m‡e c~e© evsjvi Dcwb‡ekxKiY
wZwb wb‡Ri cwiPq w`‡jb| cwiPq †`qvi c‡i wZwb wbR¯^
Kvq`vq ejv kyi“ Ki‡jb, ÔÔcvÄvex I evOvwjiv cvwK¯—v‡bi
cwiKíbv wed‡j †M‡Q e‡j g‡b eÈb-e¨e¯’v †f‡½ covq `ywf©‡¶i m¤¢vebv cÖKU n‡q D‡V‡Q|
R‡b¨ GKÎ n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i i‡q‡Q wbR¯^ HwZn¨ I ms¯‹…wZ| n‡”Q| †Mwijv Kvq`v MÖnYKvix GB c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡Z‡ivwUi g‡a¨ †Z‡ivwU †Rjv‡ZB Lv‡`¨i
wKš‘ wn›`y I AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i Kvi‡Y Avgiv mš¿v‡mi Ke‡j
c‡owQ Ges Avgiv GwM‡q hvw”Qjvg aŸs‡mi w`‡K| Ck¦i‡K wec¬ex‡`i mvgwiK Kg©KZv©iv hZ Afve Av‡QÑhv c~iY Kiv nq Pvj I M‡gi chv©ß Avg`vwbi
gva¨‡g| M„nhy‡×i R‡b¨ GeQi Avi Zv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| QqwU
ab¨ev` †h cvÄvex ˆmwb‡Kiv Avgv‡`i i¶v K‡i‡Q| Zviv mn‡R `gb Ki‡eb e‡j Avkv e‡ov I mnmªvwaK †Qv‡UvLv‡Uv weªR weaŸ¯— n‡q †M‡Q, A‡bK
we‡k¦i †miv ˆmwbK`j Ges gvbeZvi bvqK| Avgiv ü`‡qi iv¯—vNvUI AwZKª‡gi A‡hvM¨ n‡q c‡o‡Q| †ij-†hvMv‡hvMI
AZj Mfxi †_‡K Zv‡`i kª×v Kwi I fv‡jvevwm|ÕÕ Ges K‡iwQ‡jb, ev¯—‡e Zv N‡Uwb GKB fv‡e aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q, hw`I miKvi ej‡Q †h mewKQy
Gfv‡eB †m †ek wKQy¶Y Pvwj‡q †Mj| ÒcÖvq ¯^vfvweKÕÕ| 7B †g ch©š— ZrciZv Pvwj‡q wec¬exiv
ÔÔmfvÕÕ †k‡l †gRi‡K wR‡M¨m Kijvg fvlY m¤c‡K© wZwb Kx gv‡mi Z…Zxq mßv‡ni †fZ‡i Zviv GB KvR m¤úbœ K‡i PUªMÖvg mgy`ª-e›`i †_‡K DËi ch©š— moK I †ij †hvMv‡hvM,
fve‡Qb| ÔÔD‡Ïk¨ mdj n‡q‡QÕÕ wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔwKš‘ GB †d‡j| †hme wec¬ex fvi‡Z cvjv‡Z cv‡iwbÑ B¯úvZ Avi we‡kl K‡i †dbxi g‡Zv wewkó moK, Rskb aŸsm K‡i
nvivgRv`v‡K Avwg †gv‡UB wek¦vm Kwi bv| Zvi bvgI Avgvi Av¸‡bi e„‡Ë Zviv ew›` n‡q c‡oÑ `yB †mbv wWwfkb Zv‡`i w`‡q‡Q| Lv`¨`ªe¨ mieivn Kiv hv‡”Q bv GB aŸsmKv‡Ûi
ZvwjKvq ivLe|Ó R‡b¨ e¨vcK wPi“wb-Acv‡ikb Kg©m~Px MÖnY K‡i| Kv‡RB R‡b¨| ¯^vfvweK mg‡q PÆMÖvg †_‡K Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq †bŠc‡_
wbtm‡›`‡n AvksKv Kiv hvq, mxgv‡š—i mwnsmZv GLb 15 kZvsk Lv`¨ mieivn Kiv nq| evwK 85 fvM mieivn Kiv
c~e© evsjvi hš¿Yv GLbI †kl nqwb| me‡P‡q Lvivc mgq nq moK I †ijc‡_| GgbwK †bŠc‡_i c~Y© †hvMv‡hvM I
ga¨v‡j ïi“ n‡e| GwU n‡e Av‡iv †e`bv`vqK| gvbyl‡`i
GLbI Av‡mwb| ÔÔweïw× AwfhvbÕÕ †kl bv-nIqv ch©š— ZrciZv MÖnY Kiv †M‡jI PÆMÖvg ¸`v‡g Rgv Lv`¨ gRy‡Zi
cvjv‡bvi Avi †Kv‡bv c_ _vK‡e bv|
cvK‡mbviv wd‡i bv-Avmvi e¨vcv‡i `„XcÖwZÁ| Avi GB 70 kZvsk Lv`¨ mieivn m¤¢e n‡e bv|
Kv‡Ri A‡a©K gvÎ GLb ch©š— m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| 9g I 16k, GB 9g wWwfk‡bi wR-1-Gi cy®ú‡cÖwgK †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij
`yB wWwfkb cvK †mbv‡K evOvwj we‡`ªvnx I wn›`y‡`i Lyu‡R †ei †eM 20†k GwcÖj aviYv †cvlY K‡iwQ‡jb †h GB AbymÜvb Ab¨ `y‡Uv KviYI Gi m‡½ †hvM Kiv `iKvi| cÖ_gZ `ywf©‡¶i
†gvKv‡ejvi R‡b¨ †jvKRb Lv`¨km¨ wb‡R‡`i Kv‡QB gRyZ
Kivi R‡b¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cvwK¯—v‡bi Kg©m~Px `yÕgvm A_v©r Ry‡bi gvSvgvwS ch©š— mgq †b‡e| wKš‘ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| GB Ae¯’v Av‡iv fqven cwiw¯’wZi Rb¥
g‡Zv †`‡ki Rb¨ GB cwigvY h‡_ó Kvh©Kix| cwðg †_‡K c~e© GB cwiKíbv wed‡j †M‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡”Q| †Mwijv Kvq`v w`‡q‡Q| AciwU n‡jv `ywf©¶ m¤ú‡K© RbmvaviY‡K
cvwK¯—v‡b cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q 25000-GiI †ewk †jvK| 28†k MÖnYKvix GB wec¬ex‡`i mvgwiK Kg©KZv©iv hZ mn‡R `gb IqvwKenvj Kivi e¨vcv‡i cvK miKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ| c~e©
gvP© `yB wWwfkb ˆmb¨‡K 48 N›Uvi †bvwUk †`qv n‡qwQj Ki‡eb e‡j Avkv K‡iwQ‡jb, ev¯—‡e Zv N‡Uwb| wew”Qbœ I evsjvi mvgwiK Mfb©i †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb 18B
iIqvbv nevi Rb¨| Lwihvb I gyjZvb †_‡K KivwP‡Z Zv‡`i AvcvZ AmsMwVZ †Mwijviv cwiKwíZfv‡e iv¯—v I †ijc‡_i Gwcªj GK †eZvifvl‡Y e‡jb †h Lv`¨k‡m¨i mieiv‡ni
Avbv n‡qwQ‡jv †Uª‡b K‡i| nvjKv †eW †ivj I mvgwiK aŸsmmvab K‡i cvK †mbv‡`i Kvey K‡i †dj‡Q| KviY Gi e¨vcv‡i wZwb IqvwKenvj Av‡Qb| ZLb †_‡K miKvwi me
32
m~wPcÎ |
Kvq`v e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q Lv`¨-msK‡Ui Z_¨ †Mvcb Kivi †¯^^”QvPvix gZvgZ bq| ev¯—eZv wb‡RB †m K_v ej‡Q| n‡q‡Q, cvËv †`‡e bv| Zviv †h wm×vš— MÖnY
e¨vcv‡i| Gi KviY nj, Gm‡ei c~‡e© mvB‡K¬v‡bi Kvi‡Y m„ó K‡i‡Q G Ae¯’vq Zv ¯’wMZ Ki‡j Zv AvZ¥web-
c~e© evsjv wew”QbœZvev‡`i mg¯— wPý we‡jvc KivB cvK mvgwiK
`ywf©‡¶i g‡Zv `ywf©‡¶ wecyj ˆe‡`wkK mvnv‡h¨i cÖevn ˆZwi vkx n‡q DV‡e| Gi gv‡b GUvB `uvov‡e †h, evOvwj
evwnbxi cÖ_g we‡ePbv wQj Ges GL‡bv Av‡Q| 25†k gvP©
n‡e Ges eÈb-e¨e¯’v †`L‡Z cwi`k©b-`j Avm‡e| Zv n‡j wec¬ex‡`i m‡½ Zv‡Z Av‡iv m¼U ˆZwi n‡e| cÖPÛ
†_‡K miKvi c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b Pjgvb `gbbxwZi gva¨‡g
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Lei wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q ‡Mvcb ivLv Am¤¢e n‡q Av‡Kªvk GLb `yÕc‡¶B Zxeªfv‡e Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q|
Ges †h‡Kv‡bv Dcv‡q GB wm×vš— eRvq †i‡L P‡j‡Q| VvÛv
co‡e| †mR‡b¨ weïw× Awfhvb †kl bv nIqv ch©š— ¶yavi Av‡jvPbv mv‡c‡¶ mg‡SvZvI GLb m¤¢e bq| GLb m¤ú~Y© Rq
gv_vq Gme wm×vš— †bqv n‡q‡Q Ges VvÛv gv_vq †mw`‡K
Kvi‡Y †jv‡Ki g„Zz¨‡K ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| K…wl ev civRqB nj GKgvÎ mgvavb| mgq GLb, wew”Qbœ
G¸‡”QI| c~e© evsjvq aŸsmjxjv Pjvi mgq †Kv‡bv A_©c~Y© I
Dbœqb e¨vs‡Ki †Pqvig¨vb Rbve Kviwbi m‡½ wKQyw`b Av‡M AmsMwVZ AvaywbK A¯¿nxb wec¬ex`‡ji bq, cvK‡mbv‡`i
ev¯—evqb‡hvM¨ ivR‰bwZK mgvavb m¤¢e bq| RwUj cÖkœ nj:
GB mgm¨v wb‡q K_v n‡qwQj| KivPx‡Z kxZvZc wbqwš¿Z c‡¶| wKš‘ Ab¨vb¨ kZ© †hgb e„nr kw³‡`i Ø›Ø, cwiw¯’wZi
nZ¨vKvÛ wK Av‡`Š _vg‡e ? 9g wWwfk‡bi KgvwÛs Awdmvi
mymw¾Z Awd‡m `ywf©¶ cÖm‡½ wb`©‡qi g‡Zv wZwb e‡jb, ÔGB †Pnviv cy‡iv cv‡ë w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e eZ©gvb Ae¯’vq cvwK¯—vbx
†gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRv 16 GwcÖj Kzwgj¬vq Avgv‡`i cÖ_g
`ywf©¶ Zv‡`i m¨v‡evUv‡Ri dj| Kv‡RB, Zv‡`i gi‡Z `vI| †mbvevwnbxi w`K †_‡K j¶¨vR©‡bi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv
mv¶v‡Z Gi DËi w`‡qwQ‡jb|
g‡b nq G‡Z evOvwj‡`i †ev‡av`q n‡e|Õ m‡›`n †bB| ZvB eZ©gvb ¶q¶wZ Zv‡`i Kv‡Q m¤ú~Y©
ÔÔZzwg wbwðZ _vK‡Z cv‡ivÕÕ, wZwb ej‡jb, ÔÔAvgiv gvbyl Avi
mvgwiK miKv‡ii c~e© evsjv-bxwZ AvcvZfv‡e GZ ¯^we‡ivax I MÖnY‡hvM¨ welq wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡”Q|
A_© `yw`K †_‡KB e¨vcK Avi e¨qeûj Awfhvb Lv‡gvLv MÖnY
AvZ¥webvkx wQ‡jv †h kvmKiv wb‡RivB †Kv‡bv wm×vš— wb‡Z B‡Zvg‡a¨B cÖPzi A_© LiP n‡q †M‡Q c~e© evsjvq Awfhvb
Kwiwb| Avgiv GUv‡K GKUv `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e wb‡qwQ Ges Zv
cviwQj bv| cÖ_gw`‡K ejcÖ‡qv‡Mi åvš— bxwZ MÖnY K‡i Pvjv‡Z wM‡q, Ges GB Kªgea©gvb e¨q fviB cvK miKv‡ii
†kl Ki‡Z hvw”Q| Avav‡LPov K‡i †kl Ki‡j ivRbxwZwe`iv
miKvi A‡hŠw³Kfv‡e I †evKvi g‡Zv Rj †Nvjv K‡i cÖwZÁvi cix¶v Ki‡Q| Znwe‡ji e¨vcK LiPvcvwZ GUv ¯úó
GUv‡K Avevi LyuwP‡q Zzj‡e| wZb Pvi eQi ci ciB GB
†d‡j‡Q| Gi AvcvZ wKQy KviY wQ‡jv| GKw`‡K, GUv mwZ¨ K‡i †h ˆmb¨`j e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î wn‡me-wb‡Kk K‡i Kv‡R
mgm¨vwU‡K DV‡Z w`‡Z mvgwiK evwnbx bvivR| †mbvevwnbxi
†h mš¿v‡mi ZxeªZv nÖvm nqwb| wKš‘ `gbbxwZ c~e© evsjvi bvgv †mbvevwnbxi mKj ¯—‡iB cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©‰bwZK
Ab¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvR Av‡Q| Avwg †Zvgv‡K wbðqZv w`‡Z
we‡¶v‡fi KviY n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| GKvi‡Y cÖwZw`b miKv‡ii wewb‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i Aby‡gv`b I mg_©b i‡q‡Q| 25,000
cvwi, Avgiv †h cwiKíbv wb‡qwQ, Zv cy‡ivcywi m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
nvRvi nvRvi kΓ M‡o DV‡Q Ges cvwK¯—vb‡K †V‡j w`‡”Q cvK‡mbv‡K c~e© evsjvq wb‡q hvevi g‡Zv mvnmx I e¨qeûj
cvi‡j GiKg Awfhv‡bi Avi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|Ó Kg©iZ wZb
wew”QbœZvi c‡_| D‡`¨vM ïay ïay †bqv nqwb| 9g I 16k wWwfkb `yÕ‡Uv cwðg
wWwfkbvj KgvÛv‡ii g‡a¨ †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRv cvwK¯—v‡b mvgwiK gRyZ wn‡m‡e ivLv n‡qwQ‡jv | eZ©gv‡b
Ab¨w`‡K, †Kv‡bv miKviB m‡PZb n‡Z cv‡i wb †h GB Ab¨Zg| AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© c‡` Av‡Qb wZwb| Zv‡K wbðq Zv‡`i bewbhyw³ N‡U‡Q cÖPÛ Li‡Pi gva¨‡g|
bxwZgvjv e¨_© n‡Z cv‡i (c~e© evsjv‡K Awbw`©ófv‡e AvU‡K AmsjMœ K_v ejvi Rb¨ H c‡` ivLv nqwb|
ivLvi Rb¨ h‡_ó cwðg cvwK¯—vbx †bB)| `„p cÖkvmwbK I Pxb Kviv‡Kvivg gnvmoK w`‡q wecyj A¯¿mvnvh¨ cvwV‡q‡Q|
j¶¨Yxq †h, c~e© evsjvq Avgvi `k w`‡bi md‡i cÖwZwU m¤cÖwZ GB A¯¿eb¨v nÖvm †c‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡”Q; cvwK¯—v‡bi
A_©‰bwZK Kvi‡Y Ges ˆe‡`wkK Dbœqb mn‡hvwMZvq we‡klZ mvgwiK Kg©KZ©vi gy‡L †gRi †Rbv‡ij kIKZ ivRvi K_vB
Av‡gwiKvi K‡Vvi we‡ePbvi Kvi‡Y, hZ `ª“Z m¤¢e GKwU mvgwiK miKv‡ii cÖwZ cÖwZkÖ“wZi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i nq‡Zv
cÖwZaŸwbZ n‡q‡Q| Avi ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv Lvb Rv‡bb †h wØZxq †Kv‡bv fvebvi D`q n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GiciI ˆe‡`wkK
ivR‰bwZK mg‡SvZv cÖ‡qvRb| ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi 25†k hyׇ¶‡Î hviv ˆmb¨ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb ZvivB cvwK¯—v‡bi
†g-i msev`-m‡¤§jb Rvbvb †`b †h wZwb welq¸‡jvi ¸i“Z¡ gy`ªv msMÖ‡ni Zjvwb †_‡K GK wgwjqb Wjvi g~j¨gv‡bi A¯¿
wbqwZi wbqš—v| mvgwiK AwfhvbB †mbv Kg©KZ©v‡`i g‰Z‡K¨i BD‡ivcxq A¯¿ we‡KªZv‡`i KvQ †_‡K wKb‡Z cvK-miKvi
m¤ú‡K© IqvwKenvj| Ges wZwb e‡jb †h ga¨ Ry‡b cÖgvY †`q| †h‡Kv‡bv gvÎvqB GUv GKUv cÖavb KvR| GUv
cÖwZwbwaZ¡g~jK miKv‡ii e¨vcv‡i wZwb Zvi cwiKíbvi K_v we›`ygvÎ wØavMÖ¯— nqwb| XvKv, ivIqvjwcwÛ I KivwP‡Z †mbv
Ggb GKUv welq hvi myBP e„nËg djvdj Qvov Ad ev Ab Kg©KZ©v‡`i m‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Avwg wbwðZ n‡qwQ †h Zviv
†NvlYv Ki‡eb| Kiv hv‡e bv| mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq †`L‡Q c~e© evsjv Awfhvb `ª“Z †kl
G mewKQy GUvB wb‡`©k Ki‡Q †h, cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK miKvi K‡i †djvi g‡a¨ I fqsKi AvKªg‡Yi gva¨‡g| GB D‡Ïk¨
¯^we‡ivax AvPiY Ki‡Q Ges †`‡ki 24 eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m mvgwiK evwnbx Zv‡`i KvR K‡i hv‡”Q md‡ji Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq UvKvi cwigvY miKvwi Ab¨vb¨ me
me‡P‡q Zxeª m¼‡Ui mgvav‡b D‡ëvc‡_ nuvUv ïi“ K‡i‡Q| GwU Li‡Pi Ic‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| Dbœqb mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© †_‡g
nj we¯Z…Zfv‡e dz‡U IVv wPÎ| wKš‘ GUv wK mZ¨? Avgvi mvgwiK evwnbx B‡Zvg‡a¨ nZ Ges Avn‡Zi weivU cvnvo †M‡Q| GKev‡K¨ ejv hvq, ivR‰bwZK †Kv‡bv mgvavb miKvi
e¨w³MZ gZ nj Gme mZ¨ bq| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b †bZviv Kx M‡o‡Q| XvKvq e¨w³MZfv‡e ï‡bwQ †h mvaviY gvby‡li †P‡q hw` Avš—wiKfv‡e PvB‡Zv Zv n‡j c~e© evsjvi Acv‡ikb
e‡jb, Avi c~‡e© Kv‡R Kx K‡ib GB `yBwU wPÎB Avgvi mivmwi Awdmvi‡`i †ewk nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges nZvn‡Zi cwigvY cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Zv, wKš‘ miKvi Zv †_‡K mvgwiKfv‡e
†`Lvi `ytLRbK my‡hvM n‡q‡Q| Avwg g‡b Kwi miKv‡ii c~&e© 1965 m‡bi †m‡Þ¤^‡ii cvK-fviZ hyׇK AwZKªg K‡i cÖwZkÖ“Ze× n‡q A‡bK `~‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| ivóªcwZ Bqvwnqv
evsjvi bxwZ‡Z mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© †Kv‡bv ¯^we‡iva †bB| c~e© †M‡Q| †mbvevwnbx Aek¨B Gme ÒRxe‡bvrmM©Ó†K ivR‰bwZK GLb e‡m Av‡Qb ev‡Ni wc‡V| Z‡e Zvi wc‡V IVvi Av‡M
evsjvq Dcwb‡ekxKiY cÖwKªqv P‡j‡Q| GUv Avgvi †Kv‡bv mgvav‡bi LvwZ‡i, hvi cÖ‡Póv AZx‡Z evievi e¨_© cÖgvwYZ A‡bK wnmve-wbKvkI K‡i‡Qb|
33
m~wPcÎ |
Kv‡RB mvgwiK †mbv‡`i mn‡R cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv n‡”Q bv| XvKvi w`‡q †X‡K †djv n‡q‡Q| Bqvwnqv Lvb I
B÷vb© KgvÛ †nW‡KvqvUv©‡i miKv‡ii c~e© evsjv bxwZ m¤ú‡K© wek¦we`¨vj‡q ÔAbymÜvbÕ †jd‡Ub¨v›U †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb K‡qK mßvn a‡i
Avwg Rvbjvg | Gi wZbwU m~Î Av‡Q: c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK
evOvwjiv wb‡R‡`i ÔÔAwek¦¯—ÕÕ wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ K‡i‡Q Ges Avgv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q †h fwel¨‡Z †WcywU Kwgkbvi ev c~e©
evsjvi Kwgkbvi‡`i †bqv n‡e nq wenvix bq‡Zv c~e© cvwK¯—vbx mg_©b Av`v‡qi †Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb| djvdj Aek¨ Av‡`Š
Zviv Aek¨B cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi Øviv kvwmZ n‡e| m‡š—vlRbK bq| mg_©b cvIqv hv‡”Q XvKvi evOvwj AvBbÁ
Bmjvgx c×wZ‡Z evOvwj‡`i cybivq wk¶v w`‡Z n‡e| miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i ga¨ †_‡K| Rvbv †M‡Q †h, †Rjv †WcywU
Kwgkbviiv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wew”QbœZvev`x Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ †gŠjfx dwi` Avn‡g` Ges Rvgv‡Z Bmjv‡gi †Mvjvg AvRg
wew”QbœZvev‡`i cÖeYZv `~i Ki‡Z ÔÔRbMY‡K BmjvwgKiYÕ I dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayixi g‡Zv †jvK‡`i hv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡K MZ
(Awdwmqvj cwifvlvq GiKgB ejv n‡q _v‡K) Ki‡Z n‡e Nwbôfv‡e hy³| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î, †hgb Kzwgj¬vq, Gme
†WcywU Kwgkbvi‡`i aiv n‡q‡Q Ges ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv mvaviY wbe©vP‡b cÖPÛ gvi †L‡qwQ‡jb| GKgvÎ D‡j¬L‡hvM¨
Ges cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½ kw³kvjx agx©q eÜb ˆZwi Ki‡Z e¨w³ b~i“j Avwg‡bi mg_©bB aZ©e¨| MZ wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx
n‡e| n‡q‡Q| Kzwgj¬vi †mB we‡kl Kg©KZ©vwU ÔÔ†kL gywR‡ei wjwLZ
wb‡`©k QvovÕÕ †cUªj I Lv`¨ mieivn Ki‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbv‡bvq jx‡Mi evB‡i †_‡K wbe©vwPZ `yÕR‡bi g‡a¨ wZwb GKRb|
nZ¨v I †`kZ¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g hLb wn›`yiv wbwðý n‡q hv‡e ZLb GQvovI eq®‹ GB gymwjg jxMvi c~e© evsjvi cÖv³b cÖavbgš¿x|
Zv‡`i m¤úwË my‡hvMewÂZ evOvwj gymjgvb‡`i gb Rq Ki‡Z cvK‡mbv‡`i †iv‡l wbcwZZ nb 20 gvP©|
miKvi c~e© evsjvi K‡jR I wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jvi IciI wnsmª Zvi eqm GLb mËi| wKš‘ b~i“j AvwgbI mZK©fv‡e Zvi
†mvbvwj cyi¯‹vi wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡e| GUv fwel¨‡Zi gZvgZ w`‡”Qb| wZwb AvR ch©š— ïay `y‡Uv wee„wZ w`‡q‡Qb hvi
cÖkvmwbK I ivR‰bwZK KvVv‡gvi wfwË ¯’vcb Ki‡e| n‡q D‡V‡Q| loh‡š¿i m‡½ IZ‡cªvZfv‡e RwoZ e‡j †NvlYv
K‡i †m¸‡jv‡Z ÔAbymÜvbÕ Kivi Av‡`k †`qv nq| A‡bK welqe¯‘ nj Òfvi‡Zi n¯—‡¶cÓ|
GB bxwZgvjv AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡mnKv‡i mycvwik Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖKvk¨ we‡`ªv‡ni Aciv‡a miKvwi Av‡`ke‡j cÖwZi¶vevwn- Aa¨vcK cvwj‡q †M‡Qb; ¸wj‡Z gviv †M‡Qb †KD †KD|
Zv‡`i ¯’v‡b cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K bZyb wbhyw³i wm×vš— †bqv Gme Ô`vjvjÕ evOvwj‡`i †ivlvb‡j c‡o‡Qb| dwi` Avn‡g` I
bx‡Z Avi †Kv‡bv evOvwji wb‡qvM wbwl× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| dRjyj Kv‡`i †PŠayix †e`bvZ©fv‡e Gme †_‡K mZK© n‡q
wegvbevwnbx I †bŠevwnbxi ‡hme wmwbqi Awdmvi RwoZ n‡q‡Q| evOvwj Kg©KZ©v‡`i ¯’vbvš—wiZ Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkvmwbK
I ciivóªxq ms‡e`bkxj c` †_‡K| mewKQy GB mg‡q Pig P‡j‡Qb| dwi` Avn‡g` Zvi evwoi `iRv-Rvbvjv memgq eÜ
wQ‡jb bv ÒAvMvg-mZK©Zv wn‡m‡eÓ Zv‡`i ¸i“Z¡nxb RvqMvq K‡i iv‡Lb| `iRvi duvK w`‡q hv‡`i kbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡ib,
e`wj Kiv n‡q‡Q| evOvwj dvBUvi-cvBjU, hv‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv mxgvq G‡m †V‡K‡Q| Z‡e cÖkvmb †hgb Pvq, GB
Dcwb‡ekxKiY cÖwKªqv ¯úóZ Zvi A‡a©KI Kv‡R †`qwb| ZvivB †Kej †fZ‡i †XvKvi AbygwZ cv‡”Qb|
Kv‡iv cuvP ev Z‡ZvwaK kΓ-wegvb aŸs‡mi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q, GKwU we‡kl AKvh©Ki c×wZi gva¨‡g miKvi RvZxq I
Zv‡`i MÖvD‡Û cvVv‡bv Ges wegvb-cwiPvjbvewnf©~Z KvRK‡g© Kzwgj¬vi mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK †gRi AvMv Avgv‡K Gi eû
cÖgvY Avgv‡K †`wL‡q‡Qb| wec¬ex‡`i Øviv weaŸ¯— weªR I iv¯— cÖv‡`wkK msm‡`i Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ 31 Rb AvIqvgx jxM †bZvi
wbhyw³i gva¨‡g gh©v`v ¶zYœ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgbwK †`‡ki ¶zä †gŠbZv Av`vq K‡i‡Q| cwievi Qvov Avi mK‡ji KvQ
`yÕAs‡ki g‡a¨ hvÎx-cwien‡b cwiPvwjZ wcAvB‡qi v †givg‡Z wZwb ¯’vbxq evOvwj wbe©vnx cÖ‡KŠkjx‡`i KvQ †_‡K
evavMÖ¯— nw”Q‡jb| KvR¸‡jv jvj wdZvq ew›` n‡q Av‡Q Ges †_‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i Zv‡`i AvU‡K ivLv n‡q‡Q Avmbœ
wegvbKªz‡`i‡KI evOvwjgy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÔcÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj miKv‡iiÕ Awf‡l‡Ki Rb¨| hw`I Zviv GLb
weªR¸‡jv ‡ZgbB c‡o Av‡Q| ÔÔAvcwb Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv
†h Iiv KvR Ki‡e|Ó wZwb Avgv‡K e‡jb, ÒKviY I‡`iB wb‡R‡`i Qvov Avi KviI cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Qb bv|
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm n‡jv †Kej evOvwj‡`i wb‡q †eu‡P hvIqv fvM¨evb `wR© Avãyj evixi eqm 24 eQi| cvwK¯—
AvavmvgwiK evwnbx; we‡`ªvn mgvwß bv Avmv ch©š— Zv‡`i evwZj Avgiv nZ¨v K‡iwQ, aŸsm K‡iwQ I‡`iB †`k| Zv‡`i w`K
†_‡K wPš—v Ki‡j ZvB `uvovq, Ges Avgiv Gi `vg w`w”Q|Ó v‡bi eqmI Avãyj evixi mgvb| ejcÖ‡qvM K‡i mvgwiK evwn-
K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| wenvix I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi †¯^”QvKgx©‡`i bx †`kwU‡K GKwÎZ ivL‡Z cvi‡e| wKš‘ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b hv
wb‡q wmwfj wW‡dÝ †dvm© bv‡g bZyb evwnbx MVb n‡q‡Q| †ejyP †iwR‡g‡›Ui K¨v‡Þb `yiivwb wQ‡jb Kzwgj¬v-wegvbe›`‡i
cvnviviZ †Kv¤úvwbi `vwq‡Z¡| Gme mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejvq Zvi Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi A_© `uvovq GKUvB; Zv nj, 1947 mv‡j `yÕwU
cywj‡k wbhyw³i e¨vcv‡iI evOvwji RvqMvq wenvix‡`i †bqv mgvb As‡ki gymwjg RvwZi mgš^‡q GKwU †`k M‡o †Zvjvi
n‡”Q| G¸‡jv ZË¡veavb Ki‡Qb cwðg cvwK¯—vb †_‡K cvVv‡bv wQj wbR¯^ Kvq`v| K‡›Uªvj UvIqv‡i Kg©iZ evOvwj‡`i cÖm‡½
wZwb e‡jb, ÒI‡`i e‡j w`‡qwQ m‡›`nRbK wKQz Ki‡Q GiKg ¯^cœ gvby‡li wQj, †mUv GLb g„Z| cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi cvÄvweiv
I †mbvevwnbx KZ©„K Aby‡gvw`Z Kg©KZ©vMY| Pvu`cy‡ii GwcÖj Avi c~e© evsjvi evOvwjiv GKB RvwZi Awfbœ RvwZ wn‡m‡e
gv‡mi †klw`‡K cywjk mycvwi‡›U‡Û›U wQ‡jb GKRb wgwjUvwi- g‡b n‡jI Zv‡`i ¸wj K‡i gviv n‡e|Ó `yiivwb Zvi K_v I
Kv‡R GK| wKQyw`b Av‡M iv‡Z wegvb-e›`‡ii Av‡k-cv‡k wb‡R‡`i fvevi m¤¢vebv GLb my`~icivnZ| evOvwj‡`i GLb
cywjk-†gRi| kZ kZ cwðg cvwK¯—vbx miKvwi Kg©Pvix GKUvB Svcmv fwel¨r Av‡Q: Dcwb‡e‡ki AmyLx Ae`gb
Wv³vi Ges †iwWI, wUwf, †UwjMªvd I †Uwj‡dvb †Nviv‡div KiwQj Ggb GK evOvwj‡K wZwb ¸wj K‡i †g‡i
†d‡j‡Qb| Ò†m GKRb wec¬ex n‡Z cvi‡ZvÓ Avgv‡K wZwb †_‡K weRqx wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡`i DËiY|
Kjv‡KŠkjx‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| G`i mevB‡KB
†`qv n‡q‡Q GK ev `yB avc cÖ‡gvk‡bi †jvf| Aek¨ GB e`jx ej‡jb| `yiivwb Av‡iKwU wel‡q L¨vwZ AR©b K‡iwQ‡jb| w` mvb‡W UvBgm, 13 Ryb, 1971|
Kiv n‡q‡Q eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e| miKvwi Kg©KZ©v‡`i †`‡ki †h wegvbe›`‡ii Av‡kcv‡ki MÖv‡g Awfhvb Pvjv‡bvi mgq wZwb [m~Î: Abyev‡`i Rb¨ cÖwZ‡e`bwU gI`y` Gjvnx m¤úvw`Z
†Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b B‡”QgZ e`jx Kivi e¨vcv‡i †cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv wb‡RB ÔÔ60 R‡biI †ewk gvbyl‡KÕÕ LZg K‡iwQ‡jb| ÔGmvBb‡g›U evsjv‡`kÕ (gwgb cvewj‡KkÝ, 1998, XvKv) MÖš’
mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j GKwU wb‡`©kbvgv Rvwi K‡i‡Qb| c~e© evsjvi Dcwb‡kxKi‡Yi iƒp ev¯—eZv‡K wbj©¾ QÙ-‡cvkvK †_‡K †bqv n‡q‡Q|]
34
m~wPcÎ |
35
m~wPcÎ |
1971 1jv gvP© cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK miKvi 17B GwcÖj Kywóqvi ‡g‡nicy‡i MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki
bewbe©vwPZ msm‡`i cÖ_g Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ cÖ_g miKvi kc_ ‡bq| Gici ‡_‡K ïi“
K‡i ‡`q| nq msMwVZ gyw³hy×| mk¯¿ gyw³hy× Ges
hveZxq cÖkvmwbK Kvh©Kªg GB miKvi
7B gvP© ‡kL gywRei ingvb HwZnvwmK GK ØvivB cwiPvwjZ nq| GKRb ‡m±i
fvl‡Y Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK ‡`b Ges KgvÛv‡ii Aax‡b GKwU K‡i mviv ‡`k‡K
e‡jb ÔGev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Õ 11wU ‡m±‡i fvM Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z
wZbwU wbqwgZ mk¯¿ weÖ‡MW, ‡bŠ-evwnbx
gyw³hy‡× AvÂwjK cÖkvmb
gv‡P©i gvSvgvwS‡Z mg‡SvZvi bv‡g ‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv, Ges wegvbevwnbx MwVZ nq|
cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi msL¨vMwiô `‡ji ‡bZv RyjwdKvi
`w¶Y-c~e© AÂj - 1
Avwj fy‡Æv Ges AviI K‡qKRb XvKv Av‡m| Av‡jvPbvi
bv‡g Zviv Kvj‡¶cY K‡i Ges Zvi g‡a¨ mvgwiK nvgjv
gyw³hy×we‡ivax kw³ byi“j Bmjvg ‡PŠayix (cÖavb)
‰mq` Avãym mvgv` (cÖkvmK)
I MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv K‡i| 25‡k gv‡P©i ga¨ ivwÎ cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx wQj AvaywbK A‡¯¿ mymw¾Z|
‡_‡K cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx ÔAcv‡ikb mvP©jvBUÕ ïi“ fviZxq AvKvkmxgv e¨envi Ki‡Z bv cvivq cvwK¯—vbxiv `w¶Y-c~e© AÂj - 2
K‡i, hv wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci ¯^í mg‡q me‡P‡q fqsKi Zv‡`i ‰mb¨ Ges hy×miÄvg wegvb c‡_ Kj‡¤^v n‡q Rûi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix (cÖavb)
MYnZ¨v| Zv‡`i cÖavb j¶¨ wQj QvÎvevmmg~n, evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Avm‡Zv| cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx KvRx iwKe DwÏb (cÖkvmK)
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wk¶K, B÷ cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm Ges evsjv‡`‡k Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx‡`i kvwš—KwgwU, ivRvKvi, c~e©vÂj
cywjk e¨vivK| Zv‡`i GB b…ksm AvKªg‡Y BwcAvi Ges Avje`i I Avjkvgm bv‡g msMwVZ K‡iwQj| GB K‡b©j GgG ie (cÖavb)
cywjk cÖv_wgKfv‡e evav ‡`qvi ‡Póv Pvjvq| ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax kÎyiv cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx‡K MYnZ¨v, W. ‡KG nvmvb (cÖkvmK)
al©Y Ges asmh‡Ái gZ AgvbweK Kvh©Kjv‡c mnvqZv DËi-c~e© AÂj - 1
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv K‡iwQj| Gi wecix‡Z AvaywbK A‡¯¿ mymw¾Z I ‡`Iqvb dwi` MvRx (cÖavb)
mycÖwkw¶Z cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi wei“‡× QvÎ, K…lK, Gm. GBP. ‡PŠayix (cÖkvmK)
25‡k gvP© Kvjiv‡Zi ci 26‡k gv‡P©i cÖ_g cÖn‡i ‡kL kÖwgK I hyeK‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ ¯^í cÖwkw¶Z gy³evwn-
gywRei ingvb Zvi ‡MÖßv‡ii c~‡e© Iq¨vi‡j‡mi gva¨‡g DËi-c~e© AÂj - 2
bxi msMÖvg mgMÖ c…w_ex‡K wew¯§Z K‡iwQj| kvgmyi ingvb Lvb (cÖavb), jyrdi ingvb (cÖkvmK)
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`b| 27 Ges 28‡k gvP© PÆMÖv‡gi
KvjyiNv‡U bewbwg©Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx DËivÂj
‡iwWI‡Z ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`b| gwZDi ingvb (cÖavb)
m`i `ßi : B÷vb© KgvÛ d‡qR DwÏb Avn‡g` (cÖkvmK)
wPd gvk©vj jÕ A¨vWwgwb‡÷ÖUi : ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡Rbv‡ij
gyw³hy× : 25 gvP© - 16 wW‡m¤^i, 1971 wU°v Lvb (gvP© - AvM÷, 71), ‡jd‡Ub¨v›U ‡Rbv‡ij cwðgvÂj - 1
GG‡K wbqvRx (AvM÷ - wW‡m¤^i, 71) ‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yi iwng (cÖavb)
cÖv_wgK evav ‡`evi ci ZrKvjxb mymw¾Z cvwK¯—vwb wmwfwjqvb A¨vWfvBRvi : ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij ivI digvb G. Kv‡kg Lvb (cÖkvmK)
‡mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki mvaviY gvbyl ‡c‡i Avjx cwðgvÂj - 2
DVwQ‡jv bv Ges Aciw`‡K cvwK¯—vwb nvbv`vi evwnbx Pxd Ad ÷vd : weÖ‡MwWqvi eKi wmwÏKx Avkivdyj Bmjvg (cÖavb)
wbwe©Pv‡i mvaviY gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i hvw”Qj| hvi d‡j wiwRIbvj KgvÛvi : ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij bvwRi ‡nvmvBb Rwni“j Bmjvg fyuBqv (cÖkvmK)
gvbyl cÖvYf‡q wb‡R‡`i mewKQz ‡Q‡o cvk¦©eZ©x fvi‡Z kvn, ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij Gg. GBP. Avbmvix, ‡gRi
AvkÖq wb‡Z _v‡K| `w¶Y-cwðg AÂj - 1
†Rbv‡ij iwng Lvb Ave`yi iDd ‡PŠayix (cÖavb), kvgmyj nK (cÖkvmK)
10B GwcÖj mˇii mvaviY wbe©vP‡bi wbe©vwPZ mgi kw³ `w¶Y-cwðg AÂj - 2
m`m¨MY ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g miKvi wWwfkb : 5, weÖ‡MW : 13, Avg©W ‡iwR‡g›U : 39 dwbf~lY gRyg`vi (cÖavb), we. we. wek¦vm (cÖkvmK)
MVb K‡ib| AvwU©jvwi BDwbU : 1
`w¶YvÂj
Ave`yi ie ‡miwbqvevZ (cÖavb), G. ‡gvwgb (cÖkvmK)
36
m~wPcÎ |
37
m~wPcÎ |
3iv GwcÖj 1971 : ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi ZrKvjxb 3. wm‡bUi GWIqvW© ‡K‡bwW fvi‡Z kiYv_©x wkwei mdi
‡cÖwm‡W›U cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi Kv‡Q cye© K‡ib Ges cvwK¯—vwb MYnZ¨vi wb›`v Rvbvb|
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ae¯’v Ges ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ‡MÖßv‡ii 4. f‡qm Ad Av‡gwiKv Ges wKQy msev`cÎ wbqwgZ
e¨vcv‡i D‡ØM cÖKvk K‡i wPwV ‡`b| cvwK¯—v‡bi gvbweK AwaKvi ¶yYœ Kivi e¨vcv‡i Ges
gyw³evwnbxi `ytmvnwmK Awfhv‡bi K_v cÖPvi K‡i| hv
Ryb-RyjvB 1971 : ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ mg_©b ‡P‡q evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ RbgZ MV‡b mnvqK fywgKv cvjb
evsjv‡`k ‡_‡K GKwU `j ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb, ‡cvj¨vÛ,
nv‡½wi Ges Rvg©vwb mdi K‡i|
K‡i| cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
9B AvM÷ 1971 : fviZ-‡mvwf‡qZ kvwš—, eÜyZ¡ Ges BD‡ivc
mn‡hvwMZv Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq| hvi mvi welq wQj, G‡`i 1. weª‡Ub, dÖvÝ Ges Rvg©vwbi ivR‰bwZK ‡bZ…e…›` cvwK¯—
‡h‡Kvb GKwU ‡`‡ki Dci nvgjv n‡j Aci ‡`k GwM‡q v‡bi AZ¨vPv‡ii wec‡¶ k³ Ae¯’vb ‡bq| RMbœv_ nj - XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
Avm‡e| GB Pyw³ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ Avš— 2. weª‡U‡b evsjv‡`kx‡`i Rbmfvq jW© eÖyKI‡q Ges
R©vwZK RbgZ MV‡b mnvqK fywgKv cvjb K‡i| cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ wcUvi ‡kvi, gvB‡Kj evb©m Ges Rb cÖZ¨¶`k©x Kvwj iÄb kx‡ji gy‡L 25‡k
c~e© BD‡iv‡ci mgvRZvwš¿K ‡`k¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ ‡÷vbnvBm e³e¨ iv‡Lb| gv‡P©i KvjivwÎ
mg_©b ‡`q| wmwKDwiwU KvDw݇ji m`m¨ ‡cvjvÛ 3. dÖv‡Ýi weL¨vZ `vk©wbK Av‡›`ª gv‡jv© Zvi eva©K¨
evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ Ae¯’vb ‡bq| m‡Ë¡I evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× AskMÖn‡Yi B”Qv Ávcb Zviv Avgv‡`i‡K g…Z‡`n¸‡jv Zy‡j Mv‡Qi wb‡P R‡ov
gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ K‡ib| Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`j| Gici Avgv‡`i‡K ‡QvU ‡QvU Mªy‡c
4. Rvg©vwbi Gwkqvb óvwWi Aa¨vcK IqvBWg¨vb c~e© fvM Kiv nq Ges Avgv‡`i Mªyc‡K wk¶K‡`i AvevwmK
‡mmgq hy³iv‡óÖi ivóÖcwZ wQ‡jb wiPvW© wb·b Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi aŸsmjxjv e‡Üi c‡¶ wee…wZ ‡`b| GjvKvq wb‡q hvq ‡hLv‡b Wt ¸nVvKyiZv evm
RvZxq cÖwZi¶v Dc‡`óv wQ‡jb ‡nbix wKwmÄvi| 5. BD‡iv‡ci ‡ewkifvM cÖPvigva¨g MYnZ¨vi cÖK…Z Qwe Ki‡Zb| ‡mLv‡b wmuwoi wb‡P Avgiv ‡ekwKQy g…Z‡`n
miKvi : Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Kv‡Ûi msev` cÖPvi K‡i| ‡`L‡Z cvB| Avwg wVK ¯§iY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv wVK
Pxb KZ¸‡jv g…Z‡`n Avgiv ‡mLvb ‡_‡K mwi‡q wQjvg|
1. wb·b cÖkvmb KL‡bvB cvwK¯—vbx‡`i MYnZ¨v Ges Z‡e Avwg GUv g‡b Ki‡Z cviwQ ‡h ‡kl g…Z‡`nUv
cvkweK AZ¨vPv‡ii wei“‡× Ae¯’vb ‡bqwb| 1. Pxb miKvi cvwK¯—vb ‰¯^ikvmK‡`i ‡bqv c`‡¶c wQj H iv‡Zi cÖnix mybx‡ji| Zvi kixi ZLbI Mig
2. 1971 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i hy³iv‡óÖi mßg ‡bŠeni mg_©b K‡i| wQj| GUv n‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K ‡g‡iwQj ‡ewk¶Y nqwb
e‡½vcmvM‡ii w`‡K G‡Mvq, hv ‡hŠ_evwnbx Lye ¸i“Z¡ 2. Pxb Ges hy³ivóÖB g~jZ cvwK¯—vb‡K A¯¿ w`‡q A_ev Dò AvenvIqvi Kvi‡Y| Avwg hLb Zvi
mnKv‡i ‡bq Ges R‡qi c‡_ GKavc GwM‡q hvq| mnvqZv K‡i| g…Z‡`n gv‡Vi ga¨ w`‡q e‡q wb‡q hvw”Qjvg ZLb
3. 1971 mv‡ji 1jv b‡f¤^i Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡iwWI‡Z GK Avwg Kv‡Qi ew¯—‡Z gwnjv‡`i Kvbœvi AvIqvR ïb‡Z
cÖPvigva¨g Ges e¨w³Z¡ :
fvl‡Y e‡jb, Pxb cvwK¯—vb‡K A¯¿ mnvqZv Ae¨vnZ ‡c‡qwQjvg| ‡mB gwnjviv gv‡V Avm‡Z Pvw”Qj Ges
wKQy ‡bZ…¯’vbxq wm‡bUi, Ks‡MÖm m`m¨, eyw×Rxwe, ivL‡e Ges hw` fviZ cvwK¯—vb AvKªgb K‡i Z‡e Pxb cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvm`m¨iv Zv‡`i ¸wj Kivi fq ‡`wL‡q
K‚U‰bwZK Ges kxl©¯’vbxq msev`cÎ cvwK¯—vbx ee©iZvi cvwK¯—v‡bi c¶ †b‡e| evuav w`w”Qj| Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB Avgv‡`i Mªyc ‡_‡K
wec‡¶ Ae¯’vb ‡bq| Avjv`vK…Z Svo–`v‡ii Mªyc‡K G‡jvcv_vwo ¸wj K‡i
Rvcvb nZ¨v Kiv nq| Avwg ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b `k©‡bi Aa¨vcK
1. XvKv¯’ hy³iv‡óÖi ZrKvjxb ivóÖ`~Z AvP©vi ‡K. e¬vW
Zvi AviI 20 Kg©KZ©vi ¯^v¶imn miKv‡ii mv‡_ 1. wKQy Rvcvwb ivRbxwZwe`, wk¶vwe` Ges msev`cÎ Wt ‡MŠo ‡Mvwe›` ‡`‡ei Aa©-Dj½ g…Z‡`n ‡`L‡Z
wfbœgZ ‡cvlY K‡i wPwV ‡`q| cvwK¯—v‡bi Pig AgvbweK AvPi‡Yi we‡ivwaZv K‡i| cvB, hv‡Z wbg©g AZ¨vPv‡ii wPý ¯úó ‡evSv hvw”Qj|
2. GwcÖj ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^i ch©š— 45 Rb wm‡bUi cvwK¯— 2. cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ ‡K. wbïgyiv kiYv_©x wkwei cwi`k©b Avgv‡K ‡h ‡Q‡jwU mvnvh¨ KiwQj ‡m ej‡jv, Zviv Wt
v‡bi GB AcK‡g©i wec‡¶ Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi Ici K‡ib Ges AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Kiv ‡`e‡KI nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| Zvn‡j Avgiv Avi g…Z¨y‡K fq
mvgwiK wb‡lavÁv Av‡iv‡ci Rb¨ gZvgZ e¨³ K‡ib| DwPZ e‡j gš—e¨ K‡ib| cvw”Q ‡Kb? Avwg K¬vš— kix‡i mybxj Ges Wt ‡`‡ei
g…Z‡`‡ni gv‡S ï‡q cwo|
40
m~wPcÎ |
cÖZ¨¶`k©xi Revbew›`
3. wkíxiv kiYv_©x wkwei Ges gyw³‡hv×v K¨v¤ú¸‡jv‡Z
cÖevmx evsjv‡`kx‡`i f~wgKv wewfbœ cwi‡ekbvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i mvnm ‡hvMvb| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Ai“Y ‡`i gy‡L Zvi
cvwK¯—vb kvmbvg‡j miKv‡ii ‰elg¨g~jK AvPi‡Yi
4. wPwKrmKiv kiYv_©x wkwei Ges AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i evev gaymyab ‡`
wPwKrmv‡mev w`‡q mvnvh¨ K‡i|
Kvi‡Y Lye Kg msL¨K evOvwj D”Pwk¶v, PvKwi A_ev 25‡k gv‡P©i ga¨ivZ ‡_‡KB Avwg ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡qwQjvg
e¨emvi Rb¨ we‡`k ‡h‡Z cvi‡Zv| ‡mbvevwnbx RMbœv_ nj wN‡i ‡i‡LwQj| Pviw`‡K ¸wji
gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ AvIqvR ‡kvbv hvw”Qj| Lye ‡fv‡i Avgiv ïb‡Z cvB
ZviciI GB ¯^í msL¨K evOvwj evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi K‡qKRb Avgv‡`i `iRv bK Ki‡Q| Zviv Xy‡KB Avgvi
1. 1971 mv‡ji 29‡k gvP© hy³ivóÖ cÖevmx evOvwjiv evev‡K ¸wj Kivi Rb¨ `vuov‡Z e‡j| ZLb Avgvi gv Zvi
c‡¶ e¨vcK RbgZ M‡o Zy‡jwQj| Zviv cy‡iv wek¦‡K IqvwksU‡bi K¨vwc‡Uj wn‡j m‡¤§jb K‡i| Zviv mvg‡b `vuwo‡q evuav w`‡j Zviv Avgvi gv‡qi nvZ ‡K‡U
Rvbv‡Z ‡P‡qwQj wKfv‡e cvwK¯—vbxiv evOvwj‡`i Dci hy³iv‡óÖi ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b Ges RvwZms‡Ni mwPe BD. ‡d‡j| Avwg `iRvq `vuwo‡q wQjvg Ges GB b…ksmZv ‡`‡L
AZ¨vPvi Pvjv‡”Q| cvkvcvwk Zviv evOvwj kiYv_©x‡`i _v‡›Ui Kv‡Q ¯§viKwjwc ‡ck K‡ib| `iRv eÜ K‡i ‡`B| Zviv jvw_ w`‡q `iRv Ly‡j ‡d‡j|
Rb¨ Avw_©K mvnvh¨ msMÖn K‡i| Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB gv ZLbI evevi kix‡ii Dci c‡o
2. hy³iv‡óÖ Aew¯’Z cvwK¯—vb `~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ 22Rb
evOvwj c`Z¨vM K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM Av‡Qb Avi ‡mbvm`m¨iv ZLbI ¸wj Pvwj‡q hvw”Qj|
hy³ivR¨ wKQy¶Y c‡i evev `iRvi w`‡K G‡Mv‡Z Pvb wKš‘ wZwb Zvi
‡`b| Zv‡`i Kvh©Kªg wQj g~jZ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
Wvb nvZ Ges cv bvov‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv| evevi wc‡V we×
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eywS‡q eyw×Rxwe, wPš—vwe` Ges wm‡bUi‡`i ¸wj ‡`‡L Avwg Zv ‡ei Kwi| ZLbI evevi cÖvY wQ‡jv|
1. hy³iv‡R¨i cÖavb kni¸‡jv‡Z eo eo i¨vwj I mfvi
`…wó AvKl©Y Kiv| djkÖywZ‡Z 45 Rb wm‡bUi Ges Avgvi gv, fvB Ges Zvi ¯¿xi g…Z‡`n 10-12 w`b a‡i
Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| jÛ‡bi UÖvdvjMvi ¯‹qv‡i 4Vv GwcÖj
Ks‡MÖm m`m¨ cvwK¯—v‡bi ee©iZvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i wee…wZ Avgv‡`i N‡iB cuPwQ‡jv| c‡i cÖwZ‡ekxiv ‡cŠimfvi ‡jvK
I 1jv AvMó Ges nvBW cv‡K© 19‡k Ryb eo AvKv‡i
‡`b| ‡W‡K Zv cwi®‹vi Kivq| Aek¨ GUv Avwg c‡i ï‡bwQ|
m‡¤§jb Kiv nq| i¨vwj ‡_‡K e…‡U‡bi cÖavbgš¿xi
Kvh©vj‡q ¯§viKwjwc ‡`qv nq|
Rvcvb
2. mfvq evsjv‡`kx‡`i cvkvcvkx jW© eÖyKI‡q, XvKvi k¨vgjx bvmwib ‡PŠayixi gy‡L Zvi
cvj©v‡g›U m`m¨ wcUvi ‡kvi, RR© ‡÷vb, gvB‡Kj evb©m Rbve GmG Rvjvj Zvi mnKg©x‡`i wb‡q evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vgx Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayix
I evsjv‡`kx‡`i cÖwZ mngwg©Zv cÖKvk K‡i fvlY ‡`b| ¯^vaxbZvi c‡¶ K¨v‡¤úBb Pvwj‡q hvb| Zviv Rvcv‡bi
cÖavb cÖavb ivRbxwZwe`, M‡elK Ges eyw×Rxwe‡`i 3iv wW‡m¤^i hLb XvKvq cÖPÛ AvKªgY nq ZLb Avgiv
3. 24‡k GwcÖj cvuP m`m¨wewkó Kvh©Kix KwgwU MVb nvmcvZv‡j AvkÖq ‡bevi cwiKíbv KiwQjvg| wKš‘
Kiv nq hvi `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq (cieZ©x‡Z wePvicwZ) Avey mg_©b cvb Ges Rvcv‡bi msev`cθ‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki
c‡¶ Lei cÖKvk K‡i| gvIjvbv Avãyj gvbœvb hv‡K Avgiv Avgv‡`i wb‡Pi Zjvq
mvC` ‡PŠayix‡K| GB KwgwUi D‡Ïk¨ wQj Avš—R©vwZK AvkÖq w`‡qwQjvg ‡m evievi Avgv‡`i‡K _vKvi Rb¨ Avk¦¯—
K¨v‡¤úBb Kiv| KiwQj Ges Avjxg Zv‡K wek¦vm K‡iwQj| 14B wW‡m¤^i
MYnZ¨v iv‡Z Kviv ‡hb `iRvq bK K‡i| Avwg hLb Avjxg‡K
4. weª‡U‡b cvwK¯—vbx `~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ wKQy evOvwj wR‡Ám Kijvg ZLb ‡m Avgv‡K Lyj‡Z e‡j wb‡R gvIjvbv
K‚U‰bwZ‡Ki PvKwi ‡Q‡o GB K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b| cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmiiv gvbœv‡bi `iRvi w`‡K ‡`Š‡o hvq| ‡m gvbœv‡bi `iRv bK
1971 Gi gvP© ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^i ch©š— wbwe©Pv‡i MYnZ¨v, Ki‡Z _v‡K wKš‘ ‡m `iRv bv Ly‡j eis e‡j Zv‡`i mv‡_
fviZ AZ¨vPvi, al©Y Ges AwMœms‡hvM Pvjvq| AvbygvwbK wÎk P‡j ‡h‡Z, ‡m c‡i mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| ‡m gvbœv‡bi wg_¨v K_vq
j¶ ‡jvK Zv‡`i nv‡Z knx` nq| Avk¦¯— n‡q Zv‡`i mv‡_ hvq| Avwg ZLbI Avjxg‡K
1. ivRbxwZwe`, wk¶vwe` Ges mvs¯‹…wZK e¨w³Z¡ wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ gvIjvbv gvbœvb‡K Aby‡iva KiwQjvg|
fvi‡Zi wewfbœ cÖ‡`‡k K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b| `yB †_‡K Pvi j¶ bvix Zv‡`i nv‡Z kvixwiK wbh©vZ‡bi wKš‘ ‡m Avgvi w`‡K wd‡iI ‡`L‡jv bv| Avjxg‡K wb‡q
2. KjKvZv Ges bqv w`j¬x‡Z Aew¯’Z cvwK¯—vbx ¯^xKvi nq| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci GUvB wQj ¯^íZg hvIqv Mvoxi AvIqvR cvB| Avwg Kvbœvq ‡f‡½ cwo| ZLb
mg‡q b…ksmZg MYnZ¨v| evsjv‡`‡ki ‡Kv‡bv MÖvg Ges ‡m Avgv‡K Afq w`‡q e‡j Zvi QvÎiv Avjxg‡K ‡Pv‡Li
`~Zvev‡m Kg©iZ evOvwjiv cvwK¯—v‡bi we‡ivwaZv K‡i wPwKrmvi Rb¨ wb‡q ‡M‡Q| Ae‡k‡h 18B wW‡m¤^i Avwg
Ges fviZ K¨v‡¤úB‡b ‡hvM ‡`b| kni Zv‡`i GB aŸsmjxjv ‡_‡K ‡invB cvqwb| Zv‡K Lyu‡R cvB| Zvi g…Z‡`n Ab¨vb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i mv‡_
iv‡qi evRvi ea¨fywg‡Z c‡o _v‡K| Wv. ivweŸ, Avjxg, jv`y
fvB Ges AviI A‡b‡Ki g…Z‡`n wQj GKmv‡_| 41
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³hy‡× cÖPvigva¨g
4. AsKb wkíxiv ‡cv÷vi Ges e¨vbvi ‰Zwi K‡ib|
gyw³hy× Ges bvix 5. wPÎwbg©vZvMY ¯^vaxbZvi Dci Pjw”PÎ ‰Zwi K‡ib|
6. gÂwkíxiv wewfbœ bvUK wj‡L Zv cwi‡ekb Ki‡Zb| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g wek¦ cÖPvigva¨g ‡ek
71 G me©ÎB bvixiv cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i Zvrch©c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡ewkifvM
G‡`kxq ‡`vmi‡`i nv‡Z wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi nq| msev`cÎ ¯^vaxbZvi ‡PZbvq DØy× MYZvwš¿K msMÖv‡gi
ivRvKvi, Avje`i, Avj kvgm Ges kvwš— KwgwUi we‡`kx ms¯‹…wZKg©x wgÎ wQj| mk¯¿ ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi mgq Avš—R©vwZK
m`m¨iv bvix‡`i a‡i wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx cï‡`i nv‡Z Zy‡j MYgva¨g¸‡jv wek¦ RbgZ MV‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb
w`Z| 1. cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi wkíx Ges mvwnwZ¨Ke…›`
‡i‡LwQj|
A‡bKfv‡e gyw³hy‡× bvixiv Ae`vb iv‡LÑ evsjv‡`kx‡`i c‡¶ RbgZ MVb Ges Avw_©K mvnv‡h¨i
1. 1948 ‡_‡K 1971 ch©š— MYZ‡š¿i c‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ mnvqK KwgwU MVb K‡ib|
cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j fvlv Av‡›`vjb ‡_‡K ïi“ K‡i ¯’vbxq
mKj Av‡›`vj‡bB bvix‡`i D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ AskMÖnY wQj| 2. fvi‡Zi cÖ_g mvwii wkíxe…›` evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
msev`Kg©xiv ‰¯^ikvm‡bi wei“‡× Ges evK ¯^vaxbZvi
2. gyw³hy‡×i mgq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvkÖq w`‡q Ges mg‡q c‡¶ wewfbœ mvs¯‹…wZK Abyôvb K‡ib|
c‡¶ Zv‡`i mvnmx f~wgKv ‡i‡L AvmwQ‡jb|
mg‡q Zv‡`i A¯¿ jywK‡q ‡i‡L bvixiv ‡h mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj 3. Av‡gwiKvi g¨vwWmb ¯‹qv‡i RR© n¨vwimb, cwÛZ
djkÖ“wZ‡Z AmsL¨ msev`Kg©x wbh©vZb I Kviv‡fvM
Zv Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb‡K A‡bKvs‡k GwM‡q iweksKi, AvKei Avjx Lvb Ges Ab¨vb¨iv wg‡j
K‡ib Ges wKQy wKQy msev`cÎ eÜ K‡i ‡`Iqv nq|
wb‡q ‡h‡Z mnvqK nq| evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ KbmvU© Av‡qvRb K‡i| ‡mB Kbmv‡U©
gyw³hy‡×i ‡k‡li w`‡K civRq wbwðZ ‡R‡b ivRvKvi
3. bvixiv mivmwiI hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i| Zv‡`i‡K Zviv evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q mvnv‡h¨i Av‡e`b
Ges Avje`i evwnbxi mnvqZvq cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx cÖPyi
we‡kl ‡Mveiv K¨v‡¤ú cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nq| Rvbvq Ges kiYv_©x‡`i Rb¨ Avw_©K mvnvh¨ msMÖn K‡i|
msL¨K cÖwm× msev`Kg©x‡`i nZ¨v K‡i|
4. gwnjv wPwKrmKiv kiYv_©x wkwe‡i Ges AvnZ 4. Av‡gwiKvi weL¨vZ Kwe A¨vjvb wMÝevM© kiYv_©x
25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v ïi“i ci ‡_‡K ‡ekwKQy we‡`kx
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wPwKrmv ‡mev cÖ`vb K‡i| wkwe‡i evsjvi mvaviY gvby‡li Ki“Y Ae¯’v ‡`‡L Zvi
mvsevw`K Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q MYnZ¨v Ges
5. gwnjv wkíxiv ‡iwWI‡Z, kibv_©x wkwe‡i Ges weL¨vZ "September on Jessore Road" KweZv wj‡Lb|
aŸsmh‡Ái msev` cÖPvi K‡ib|
gyw³‡hv×v cÖwk¶Y K¨v‡¤ú wewfbœ iKg mvs¯‹…wZK ¯^vaxbZvi `xN© bq gvm a‡i fviZ, hy³iv‡R¨ I
cwi‡ekbvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i Drmvn ‡`q| evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q - 16 wW‡m¤^i 1971 BD‡iv‡ci Av‡iv wKQy ‡`k, Rvcvb Ges hy³iv‡óÖi
6. wKQy we‡`kx bvix evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ wewfbœ ‡`‡k msev`cÎmg~n cvwK¯—vbx‡`i AgvbweK b…ksmZv Ges
K¨v‡¤úBb K‡i| me©¯—‡ii RbmvaviY mgw_©Z evsjvi mvnmx mš—vb‡`i bq gyw³evwnbxi mvnmx msMÖv‡gi Ici wbf©i‡hvM¨ msev`
gv‡mi i³¶qx mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| Gi gva¨‡g Avš—R©vwZK MYgva¨g
Ges Zv‡`i G‡`kxq ‡`vmi ivRvKvi, Avje`i I
gyw³hy‡× ms¯‹…wZKg©xiv Avjkvgm chy©`¯— n‡q c‡o| 3iv wW‡m¤^i 1971, cvwK¯—
wek¦RbgZ MV‡bi Rb¨ we‡eK RvMÖZ K‡i| hv weRq
Z¡ivwš^Z Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|
vb fvi‡Zi cwðgv‡j AvKªgY K‡i| GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z
MYZš¿ I ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ evsjvi fviZ miKvi 6B wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb
ms¯‹…wZ‡K wUwK‡q ivLvi Av‡›`vjbI Pvwj‡q hvw”Q‡jv 1971 G MYgva¨‡gi GB f~wgKv gvbeZvwe‡ivax
K‡i Ges evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³evwnbx I fvi‡Zi mk¯¿evwn- Aciv‡ai wec‡¶ MYgva¨‡gi Ae¯’v‡bi GKwU D¾¡j
c~e©evsjvi mvs¯‹…wZKg©xiv| bxi B÷vb© KgvÛ wg‡j ‡hŠ_evwnbx MwVZ nq| ‡hŠ_evwn-
1. 1967 mv‡j hLb cvwK¯—vb miKvi MYgva¨‡g `…óvš— n‡q _vK‡e|
bx evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ A‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i|
iex›`ÖmsMxZ eÜ ‡NvlYv K‡i ZLb ms¯‹…wZKg©xiv Ae‡k‡l 16B wW‡m¤^i 1971 XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b
msMwVZfv‡e Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡i| wgÎevwnbxi ‡Rbv‡ij RMwRr wms Av‡ivivi wbKU cvwK¯—
2. 25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨vi c‡i A‡bK Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K vbx ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvRx AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ib| H Abyôv‡b
Zv‡`i †jLbxi gva¨‡g Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡ib Ges bq evsjv‡`k gyw³evwnbxi Dc-cÖavb Mªyc K¨v‡Þb G. ‡K.
gvm a‡i Zv Pvwj‡q hvb| L›`Kvi gyw³evwnbxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib|
3. wkíxiv kiYv_©x wkwei, gyw³‡hv×v cÖwk¶Y K¨v¤ú Ges Gfv‡eB wek¦ gvbwPÎ evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨y`q|
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö msMxZ cwi‡ek‡bi gva¨‡g
RbMY I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mvnm ‡hvMv‡Zb| m~Î : gyw³hy× hv`yNi, XvKv|
42
m~wPcÎ |
wesk kZvãxi MYnZ¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki 1971 Gi (ievU© cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c…ôv 50)| gvmKv‡ibnv‡mi g‡Z ÔMYnZ¨vi j¶¨ wb‡q ‡Kvb wØavØ›Ø
aŸsmjxjvi gva¨‡g msNwUZ MYnZ¨v kZvãxi me‡P‡q wbweo ‡Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi GB Dw³ ‡_‡K my¯úó BswMZ wQ‡jv bv|Õ (A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, `v ‡iBc Ad evsjv‡`k,
MYnZ¨v¸‡jv ‡hgb ‡mvwf‡qU hy×ew›` nZ¨v (1941-42), cvIqv hvq ‡h, cvwK¯—vbx kvmKPKª Zv‡`i wei“‡× c…ôv 116-117)
Bûw` n‡jvKv÷ (1933-45) ev i“qvÛvi MYnZ¨vi (1944) Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i `g‡bi R‡b¨ GKUv MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv Zvi g‡Z, MYnZ¨vi j¶¨ wQ‡jv h_vKª‡gÑ
g‡Zv we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~b©| GB Pvi MYnZ¨v GB kZvãxi K‡iwQ‡jv| 1. ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z PvKwiiZ ev½vjx RIqvb, B÷ cvwK¯—vb
me‡P‡q b…ksl NUbv¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg| ZZKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯— Ae‡k‡l 25 G gvP© ïi“ nq ‡mB BwZnv‡mi wbg©g NUbvi| ivB‡djm, cywjk, Avbmvi I gyRvwn`
v‡bi ¯^vaxbZvKvgx kw³‡K aŸs‡mi cÖ‡Póvi Ask wnmv‡e c~e© cvwK wgwjUvwi AvKªgY K‡i XvKv BDwbfvwm©wU, BwcAvi I 2. wn›`y - Avi ‡R i“‡gj Kywgj¬v‡Z wbR Kv‡b †kv‡bb ‡h
cvwK¯—v‡bi mvgwiK evwnbx GKwU cwiKwíZ nZ¨vKv‡Ûi Ab¨vb¨ GjvKv| gvbyl‡K cvwLi gZ ¸wj K‡i gviv ïi“ wgwjUvwiiv ejwQ‡jv, ÒAvgiv ïay ‡Q‡j‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨
gva¨‡g j¶ j¶ ev½vjx‡K nZ¨v K‡i| n‡jv| GK iv‡ZB 7000 R‡bi gZ nZfvM¨ ev½vwj gviv G‡mwQ, gwnjv I wkïiv wbivc`, Avgiv wK Kvcyi“l ‡h
hvq| ‡mBUv wQ‡jv ïaygvÎ ïi“| Zv‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡evÓ (‡W_ evB Mfb©‡g›U, c…ôv 323)| Zvui
1. wcQ‡bi K_v ÒGK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ XvKvq A‡a©K Awaevmx cvwj‡q hvq Ges g‡Z wgwjUvwiiv wbi¯¿ gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv‡K bvq‡KvwPZ KvR
Kgc‡¶ 30,000 Gi gZ wbi¯¿ gvbyl wbnZ nq| PÆMÖvgI e‡j g‡b KiwQj| Aek¨ A‡bK ‡¶‡ÎB cy‡iv cwievi
RvwZ, ag© Abymv‡i ‡`kwefv‡Mi wei“‡× gnvZ¥v MvwÜ I Zvi A‡a©K RbmsL¨v nvivq| ‡mB mg‡q (GwcÖ‡ji DcvË nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wkKvi n‡qwQj|
Ab¨vb¨‡`i A‡bK ‡Póv m‡Ë¡I e…wUk I ZrKvjxb Abyhvqx) 30 wgwjq‡bi gZ gvbyl nZf‡¤^i gZ w`‡knviv 3. AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡bZv, Kg©x I mg_©K|
Dcgnv‡`‡ki ivRbxwZwe‡`i Kvi‡b a‡giÖ wfwˇZ `yBUv ‡`k n‡q ‡`‡ki wfZ‡iB ¯’vbvš—i n‡q wgwjUvwi‡K dvuwK ‡`evi 4. QvÎ - wK‡kvi I Zi“Y eqmx‡`i cÖwZI cvwK wgwjUvwii
MVb Kiv n‡j msL¨vjNyiv Avw` wbevm ‡Q‡o Ab¨ cÖv‡š— cvwo ‡Póv KiwQ‡jv|Ó (ievU© cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c…. 48)| wbg©g Av‡Kªvk ‡`Lv wM‡qwQ‡jv| Zviv Aíeqmx KvD‡K
Rgv‡Z eva¨ nq Avi ‡mB mv‡_ ïi“ n‡jv ag©MZ `v½v| Ae‡k‡l 10 wgwjqb ev½vwj fvi‡Z cvwj‡q kiYv_©x nq| ‡`L‡jB gyw³evwnbx e‡j g‡b KiZ Ges wbwe©Pv‡i Zv‡`i
cwðg cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c~e© cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Dc‡i ‡Rvi Ryjyg D‡j¬L¨, ZLb ‡mB f~L‡Ûi me©‡gvU RbmsL¨v wQ‡jv 75 nZ¨v K‡i| Avi ‡R i“‡g‡ji eY©bvq AmsL¨ wK‡kvi I
Pvjv‡bvi Kvi‡Y ax‡i ax‡i Am‡š—vl `vbv euva‡Z ïi“ K‡i| wgwjqb| Zi“Y‡`i g…Z‡`n ‡`Lv wM‡qwQj gv‡V, b`x‡Z fvmgvb
fvlv wb‡q 1952 mv‡j msNwUZ nq fvlv Av‡›`vjb| Gici Ae‡k‡l GwcÖ‡ji 10 Zvwi‡L AvIqvgx wj‡Mi ‡bZ…e…›` Ae¯’vq ev Avwg© K¨v‡¤úi Av‡kcv‡k|
1970 mv‡ji AvM‡÷i eb¨vq Îv‡Yi AcÖZyjZv I bvbvfv‡e ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv K‡i| ax‡i ax‡i gyw³evwnbx msMwVZ n‡Z 6. evOvjx eyw×Rxwe - wk¶K I Aa¨vcK‡`i g‡a¨ ‡mbvevwn-
cÖwZwbqZ eÂbv ev½vwj‡`i g‡a¨ we‡`Övnx g‡bvfv‡ei RvMiY _v‡K Ges cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ jovB ïi“ K‡i| bxi `…wó‡Z hv‡`i ÒmsMÖvgxÓ g‡b n‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i‡KB nZ¨v
NUvq| djkÖywZ‡Z wW‡m¤^i gv‡mi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM cÖv_wgKfv‡e ‡`‡ki f~cÖK…wZ I RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq ‡Mwijv Kiv n‡q‡Q (A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, `v ‡iBc Ad evsjv‡`k,
msL¨vMwiô Avm‡b Rqjvf K‡i| ‡mB mg‡qi Ab¨Zg `vex hy‡×i gva¨‡g gyw³evwnbxi Kvh©Kªg ïi“ n‡jI c‡i c…ôv 116-117)
wQj ¯^vqZ¡kvmb I wgwjUvwi kvm‡bi Aemvb| GB Av‡›`vjb Rbmg_©‡bi Kvi‡Y GKUv MYhy‡× cwiYZ nq|
Av‡¯— Av‡¯— ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡›`vj‡b iƒcvš—wiZ nq| djkÖywZ‡Z A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnv‡mi ‡jLvi mvigg© GB ‡h, nZ¨vKv‡Ûi
1971 mv‡ji 22 G ‡deÖyqvwi cvwK Rvš—v AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 2. ev½vjx cyi“l‡`i wei“‡× Ò‡RÛvimvBWÓ mv‡_ ‰jw½K I mvgvwRK ‡kÖYxi (eyw×Rxwe, Aa¨vcK, wk¶K,
‡bZv I mg_©K‡`i Dc‡i GKwU Kª¨vKWvD‡bi cwiKíbv ‡bZv/Kg©x, Ges gyw³msMÖvgx cÖvq mevB cyi“l wQ‡jv)| A‡bK
K‡i| ‡RÛvimvBW ej‡Z eySvq wbw`©ó wj‡½i gvby‡li MYnZ¨v| ‡¶‡Î Dc‡iv³ e¨w³e‡M©i cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`iI nZ¨v Kiv
1971 mv‡ji MYnZ¨vI GB ‡kÖYxi g‡a¨ c‡o| nq ïaygvÎ cvwievwiK ev i‡³i m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y|
mvgwiK miKv‡ii cÖavb Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡deÖyqvix Ô71 G GKwU GB me welq ‡_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k
Kbdv‡i‡Ý ‡NvlYv ‡`q - ÒAvgiv I‡`i g‡a¨ 30 j¶ ‡kl 2 K. cyi“l gvby‡li cÖwZ Av‡Kªvk cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx KZ©…K GKUv ‡RÛvimvBW msMwVZ
K‡i ‡`e Avi evKxiv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Rxeb wf¶v PvB‡eÓ| GB MYnZ¨vi wbw`©ó wKQy Uv‡M©U wQ‡jv| Gš’wb n‡q‡Q|
43
m~wPcÎ |
W. iIbK Rvnv‡bi g‡Z - Ògyw³hy‡×i m¤¢ve¨ ‡hv×v wnmv‡e avgvPvcv ‡`evi Dcvq (b`x‡Z fvwm‡q w`‡q)| Qq ‡_‡K AvU cvw”Q‡jv| ‡mB wPrKvi GKmgq ‡_‡g ‡Mj
hyeK‡`i ‡MÖdZvi I wbh©vZb Pvjvq Avwg© - c‡i AwaKvsk‡K Rb e›`x‡K `wo w`‡q ‡eu‡a iv‡Zi Avav‡i ‡g‡i ‡djv - ïay ‡kvbv ‡Mj Zi“Yxi KvZi AvZ©bv`|
nZ¨v Kiv nq| GB Ae¯’vi ‡cÖw¶‡Z kni I Dckni¸‡jv n‡q‡Q| GB NUbv N‡U‡Q iv‡Zi ci ivZ| cvwK¯—vb b¨vkbvj K‡qK wgwbU ci GKUv ‰mb¨ Aweb¨¯— mvgwiK
hyeKk~b¨ n‡q hvq| Zv‡`i A‡b‡K fvi‡Z wM‡q AvkÖq ‡bq A‡qj ‡Kv¤úvbxi ‡MvWvDbwU wQj b`xi av‡i - ‡mLv‡b ‡cvkv‡K ‡ewi‡q G‡jv evB‡ii ‡_‡K Av‡iKUv ‰mb¨ wfZ‡i
A_ev gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM ‡`q|Ó cÖwZiv‡Z `‡j gvbyl a‡i Avbv n‡Zv - AvU `kRb‡K `wo ‡Mj| Gfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡jv - hZ¶Y bv QqUv ‰mb¨ `ª“Z
Òm¶g hyeK‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡`i LvZbv Kiv nqwb Zv‡`i R‡b¨ w`‡q ‡eu‡a b`xi Aí cvwb‡Z bvwg‡q ¸wj Kiv n‡Zv| ‡fv‡i ‡mB evwo Z¨vM Ki‡jv| Zvici evev wfZ‡i wM‡q ‡`L‡Z
g…Zz¨ AeavwiZ n‡q hvqÓ| (‡R‡bvmvBW Ae evsjv‡`k, Avi ‡Kvb ‡bŠKvi gvwS‡K w`‡q fvmgvb jvk¸‡jvi `wo ‡K‡U ‡cj Zvi ‡g‡q `woi weQvbvq i³v³ Ae¯’vq c‡o Av‡Q|
‡R ‡iv‡gj, c…ôv 298) Avjv`v K‡i w`‡q b`xi gv‡S ‡U‡b wb‡q hvIqv n‡Zv - hv‡Z Avi Zvi ¯^vgx ‡g‡S‡Z K‡i ‡djv wb‡Ri ewgi Dci Dcyo
‡iv‡gj Av‡iv ej‡Qb, ÔcvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi `…wó‡Z ‡mÖv‡Zi Uv‡b jvk¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e ‡f‡m hvq (ievU© n‡q c‡o Av‡Q|Ò (Brownmiller, Against Our Will, p. 82)
cÖwZ‡iva hy‡× ‡h‡Z m¶g wK‡kvi hyeK‡`i wei“‡× we‡kl cvBb, g¨vmvKvi, c„ôv 55)|
Awfhvb Pvjvq - ‡mB Awfhv‡b a…Z hyeK‡`i Avi KLbI Dc‡ii eY©bv ‡_‡K GUv ejv hvq ‡h, GB nZ¨vKvÛ¸‡jv Òev½vwj bvix‡`i‡K wbh©vZb ‡Kvb ‡mŠ›`h© ev GB iK‡gi
RxweZ Ae¯’vq ‡`Lv hvqwb| Zv‡`i g…Z‡`n¸‡jv fvm‡Z Av‡g©wbqv I bvbwRs (1937) MYnZ¨vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ‡Kvb wKQy‡Z evavaiv wQ‡jv bv| Zviv AvU mš—v‡bi gv ev 75
‡`Lv ‡M‡Q b`x‡Z, ‡mbv K¨v‡¤úi Kv‡Q| GB Awfhv‡b eQ‡ii `v`xgv‡KI Qv‡o bvB| Zviv ïay NUbv¯’‡j wbh©vZb
¯^vfvweKfv‡e fxZ n‡q c‡owQ‡jv mKj hyeK Avi Zv‡`i 2 L. wbwe©Pv‡i bvix nZ¨v I wbh©vZb K‡iB P‡j hvq bvB, Zviv nvRv‡iv bvix‡`i Zv‡`i K¨v‡¤ú
cwievieM©| GB Ae¯’vi ‡cÖw¶‡Z 15 ‡_‡K 25 eQ‡ii mKj Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| ‡KD ‡KD AvU ev‡ii gZ wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi
hyeK MÖvg ‡_‡K MÖvgvš—‡i cvwj‡q ‡ewo‡q‡Q - hv‡`i A‡b‡K j¶¨ Kiv ‡M‡Q ‡h, Av‡g©wbqv I bvbwRs Gi g‡Zv n‡qwQj GK iv‡Z (eÖvDbwgjvi, c„ôv 83)|
fvi‡Z P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv| hviv evwo Qvo‡Z PvBwQ‡jv bv - evsjv‡`‡kI bvix‡`i j¶¨e¯—y‡Z cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| `ytLRbK n‡jI GB wbh©vwZZ bvix‡`i Am¤§vb hy‡×i c‡iI
Zv‡`i gv ev ‡ev‡biv Zv‡`i ‡Rvi K‡i evwo ‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i evOvjx bvix‡`i Dci ‡hŠb wbh©vZb, al©Y Avi nZ¨v ïi“ Kiv P‡jwQj| ‡kL gywRe KZ©…K Zv‡`i‡K RvwZi exi½bv ‡NvlYv
w`‡q‡Q - hv‡Z Zv‡`i Rxeb i¶v cvq|Õ (‡W_ evB nq hy‡×i cÖv_wgK Ae¯’v ‡_‡KB| hy‡×i cy‡iv mgqUv Ry‡o ‡`qv n‡jI ev¯—‡e Zv nv‡j ‡Zgb cvwb cvq bvB| wbh©vwZZ
Mfb©‡g›U) ev½vwj bvix wbh©vZb I g…Z¨yi m¤§yLxb wQ‡jv -hv wQj A‡bK bvix Zv‡`i nviv‡bv myL wd‡i cvqwb| (eÖvDbwgjvi,
‡iv‡g‡ji eY©bv g‡Z ( c„ôv 323) GB Mv wng Kiv MYnZ¨vi mycwiKwíZ I fqven| c…ôv 84)
DrmewU A‡bKUv bvRx‡`i Òcyi“l wbabÓ Kg©m~wPi mv‡_ myRvb eÖvDbwgjvi Zvi G‡MBÝU AvIqvi DBj eB‡Z
ZyjbxqÑ ÔGUv wQ‡jv cÖ‡`ke¨vcx GKUv MYnZ¨v, ‡hLv‡b (Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape, Susan 3. hy‡× wbn‡Zi msL¨v - KZRb gviv ‡M‡Q
wn›`y‡`i Avjv`v K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q - ‡mB cÖwKªqvq Brownmiller) GB wbh©vZb‡K bvbwRs‡q Rvcvwb‡`i Øviv
‡mbvm`m¨iv a…Z e¨w³‡`i LvZbvi welqUv wbwðZ n‡Zv - hv al©Y I ivwkqv‡Z 2q wek¦hy‡×i mg‡q Rvg©vwb‡`i Øviv al©‡Yi GBUv wbwðZ K‡i ejv hvq ‡h, evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vq
gymjgvb‡`i R‡b¨ eva¨Zvg~jK - hw` LvZbv Kiv _vK‡Zv - m‡½ Zyjbv K‡i‡Qb| 80 kZvsk awl©Z wQ‡jv gymjgvb bvix wbn‡Zi msL¨v mvZ wWwR‡Ui g‡a¨ co‡e| GB MYnZ¨v
Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Zvr¶wYK g„Zz¨ Gov‡bv ‡hZ|Õ (c…ôv 81)| i“qvÛv (800,000) Avi B‡›`v‡bwkqv (1 ‡_‡K 1.5 wgwjqb)
ievU© cvBb XvKv kn‡ii Av‡kcv‡k MYnZ¨vi ¯’vb¸‡jvi Ô2,00,000 ev 3,00,00 ev 4,00,000 (wZbwU wfbœ Qvwo‡q ‡M‡Q|
eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q ‡mB¸‡jv‡K cwiKwíZ MYnZ¨v - we‡kl cwimsL¨vb) evOvjx bvix al©‡Yi wkKvi n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Avi. ‡R ‡iv‡g‡ji g‡Z -
K‡i ‰jw½KÓ MYnZ¨vi GKUv K¬vwmK D`vniY wnmv‡e 80% bvix wQ‡jb gymjgvb, hv ZLbKvi ag©wfw³K Ò‡mB 267 w`‡bi hy‡× wbnZ nIqvi msL¨vUv fqven|
‡`‡LbÑ hv wj½wfwËK I wbi¯¿ gvby‡li Dci msMwVZ n‡q RbmsL¨vbycvwZK wQj| ‡mB ‡¶‡Î wn›`y ev L…óvb bvixivI AvVv‡ivwU ‡Rjvi g‡a¨ cvuPwU ‡Rjvq Z`š— KwgwUi AvswkK
wQ‡jv ejv nq| i¶v cvqwb| GKUv ‡QvÆ Rbeûj ‡`‡ki bvix‡`i Dci GB cwimsL¨v‡b ‡`Lv hvq - cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©ivÑ
fqven ‡hŠb AZ¨vPvi n‡q‡Q|Õ (eÖvDbwgjvi, c…ôv 81)
ÒXvKv I Zvi Av‡kcv‡k wbR©b cÖvš—¸‡jv‡Z wgwjUvwi Rvš—v GB wel‡q Aubrey Menen bvgK GK wi‡cvU©vi K‡qKwU XvKvq 1,00,000
MYnZ¨vi G·‡cwi‡g›U Pvjvq (we‡kl K‡i cyi“l‡`i Dc‡i) D`vniY w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi g‡a¨ m`¨weevwnZv GK Zi“Yx‡K Lyjbvq 1,50,000
hv‡Z K‡i mvsevw`K‡`i ‡PvL Gwo‡q hvq GB NUbv¸‡jv| wbh©vZ‡bi NUbv GBiKgÑ h‡kv‡i 75,000
eywoM½vi Zx‡i nwinviv cvov‡Z GBiKg wZbUv cÖgvY ievU© Ò`yBRb cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ evmiN‡i Xy‡K co‡jv| Ab¨Rb Kywgj¬vq 95,000
cvBb Avwe®‹vi K‡ib GKwU e›`xkvjv (b`x ZxieZ©x evB‡i e›`yK wb‡q cvnvivq `uvwo‡q _vK‡jv| evB‡ii gvbyliv PÆMÖv‡g 1,00,000
‡MvWvDb), g…Z¨y`Û ‡`evi RvqMv (b`xi Zx‡i) I Zv‡`i jvk wfZ‡i ‰mb¨‡`i ag‡Ki myi Avi ¯^vgxwUi cÖwZev` ïb‡Z gvbyl nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| GB AvswkK cwimsL¨v‡b ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q,
44
m~wPcÎ |
18wU ‡Rjvq (ZLb evsjv‡`k 18wU ‡Rjvq wef³ wQj) ‡gvU 3) wPd Ad ÷vd ‡Rbv‡ij cxiRv`v, wQj fqven (Death By Government, p.
wbn‡Zi msL¨v `uvwo‡q‡Q 12,47,000 gvbyl| D‡j¬L¨ ‡h, GB 4) wbivcËv cÖavb ‡Rbv‡ij Dgi Lvb I 334)
cwimsL¨vbwU n‡jv Amgvß cwimsL¨vb| ‡h‡nZy ‡mB 5) B‡›Uwj‡RÝ wPd AvKei Lvb|
cwimsL¨vbwU m¤úbœ nqwb - ZvB AvRI ‡mB hy‡× wbn‡Zi 5. ‡kl K_v
cÖK…Z msL¨v ejv KwVb| A‡b‡Ki g‡Z, cÖv°wjZ me‡g©vU (g¨vmvKvi, c…ôv 102)|
msL¨vwU n‡e 30,00,000| (Avi ‡R ‡iv‡gj, ‡W_ evB cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbxi mn‡hvMx wnmv‡e KvR Kiv Avav
Mfb©‡g›U)| GB MYnZ¨v I ‡RÛvi wfwËK Av‡Kªvk wbPy i¨vs‡Ki mvgwiK evwnbx (‡hgb ivRvKvi-Avje`i) mgvbfv‡e
wgwjUvwi‡`i g‡a¨I wQ‡jv - hviv ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q GB hy×vcivax| Zv‡`i ‡bZviv GLb ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv wnmv‡e
cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© Avi Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx evwnbx nZ¨vKv‡Û Ask wb‡q‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ evOvjx RvwZi cÖwZ N…YvI wfbœfv‡e nvwRi n‡q RbZvi g‡a¨ wg‡k ‡h‡Z Pv‡”Q|
(ivRvKvi/Avje`i) KZ…©K wbnZ n‡q cÖwZ 25 R‡bi GKRb (‡iwmRg) GKUv KviY| AwaKvsk cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨ g‡b cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePvi Kiv ev Zv‡`i Av`vj‡Z nvwRi
evOvjx, wn›`y Avi wfbœg‡Zi gvbyl| ‡mB we‡ePbvq GB Ki‡Zv - ÔevOvjxiv evbi Avi gyiwMi mv‡_ Zyjbxq|Õ Kiv eZ©gv‡bi ‡cÖ¶vc‡U evsjv‡`‡ki R‡b¨ KwVb| GB
nZ¨vKvÛ ‡mvwf‡qZ Avi ‰PwbK KwgDwb÷ miKvi Avi B÷vb© KgvÛvi ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvwR g‡b Ki‡Zv - Òev½vwjiv KvRUv Kivi R‡b¨ cvwK¯—v‡bi we‡eKevb gvbyl‡`i GwM‡q
Rvcv‡bi wek¦hy‡× wbn‡Zi msL¨vbycv‡Zi PvB‡Z A‡bK wbPy RvqMvq _vKv wbPy Rv‡Zi gvbyl|Ó Zvi Aa¯—bivI GKB Avm‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i eyS‡Z n‡e - ‡Kb Zviv GK`j
‡ekx| (Rummel, Death By Government, p. 331) gZev‡` wek¦vmx wQj| MYnZ¨vKvixi `vwqZ¡ ‡b‡e| Zvi wKQy AvfvmI cvIqv
GWvg ‡RvÝ GK wn‡m‡e ‡`wL‡q‡Qb g…Z‡`i 80% n‡”Q mvsevw`K W¨vb KwMb (Dan Coggin) Rvbvb, Ò GK cvÄvwe hv‡”Q| MZ eQi cvwK¯—v‡bi bvix AwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡bÎx
cyi“l (3 wgwjqb knx` I 4 jvL bvix wbh©vwZZ n‡q‡Q K¨v‡Þb Zvu‡K e‡j ‡h Avgiv hv‡K Lywk nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvwi, Avmgv Rvnv½xi wmwewmi mv‡_ GK mv¶vrKv‡i my¯úófv‡e
a‡i)| ‡mB wn‡m‡e GwU MZ Aa© mnmÖv‡ãi Ab¨Zg ‡miv ‡Kvb Revew`wnZv Ki‡Z n‡e bv!Ó (iv‡gj, ‡W_ evB evsjv‡`‡k MYnZ¨vi R‡b¨ `vqx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePv‡i `vwe
MYnZ¨vB ïay bq, ‡RÛvimvBWI e‡U| Mfb©‡g›U, c…ôv 335) K‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯—v‡bi gy³eyw×i gvbyliv GKw`b GB `vwe‡K
MY`vwe‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ K‡i hy×vcivax ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i wePv‡i
4. evsjv‡`‡k 1971 Gi MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv 4.1 MYnZ¨vi mgvwß gva¨‡g RvwZ wnmv‡e Zv‡`i‡K MYnZ¨vi `vq ‡_‡K gy³
Kv‡`i? Ki‡e| GB AvkvB Kwi|
GB nZ¨vjxjv Pjvi mgq cÖvY evuPv‡bvi j‡¶¨ GK‡KvwU
Ògv‡mi ci gvm a‡i Pjv GB nZ¨vKvÛ P‡j| GB nZ¨vjxjv evOvjx cÖwZ‡ekx fvi‡Z AvkÖq ‡bq| K‚U‰bwZK Avi c‡iv¶ Avi GB w`‡K ‡`‡ki wfZ‡i a‡g©i Avi ivRbxwZi Avov‡j
‡Kvb GK`j D‡ËwRZ hye‡Ki iv‡Mi gv_vq NUv‡bv ‡Kvb mnvqZvi ci fviZ 3iv wW‡m¤^i mivmwi hy‡× evsjv‡`k‡K jywK‡q _vKv hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwe Avev‡iv ‡Rviv‡jv
NUbv bq - eis GK`j mycÖwkw¶Z Avi ‡ckv`vi Avwg© mnvqZv w`‡Z ïi“ K‡i| djkÖywZ‡Z 16B wW‡m¤^i 90 nvRvi n‡”Q| GB K_v mZ¨ ‡h, 37 eQ‡ii ivR‰bwZK gvicu¨vP,
Awdmv‡ii cwiKíbvi mdj ev¯—evqb| gymjgvb ‰mb¨‡`i ‰mb¨mn cvwK¯—vbxiv AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i Avi evsjv‡`‡k cvwb¯— cÖwZwec¬ex‡`i Kg©KvÛ Avi ‡c‡UÖvWjv‡ii cÖfv‡e hy×vci-
cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i ¯^a‡g©i gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Ki‡Z Avi Zviv vbx‡`i MYnZ¨vi mgvwß N‡U| gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb ‡bZv ‡`‡k vax‡`i Ae¯’vb AvcvZ`…wó‡Z ‡ek myiw¶Z g‡b n‡”Q| wKš‘
hvwš¿Kfv‡e myPvi“iƒ‡c ‡mB Av‡`k cvjb K‡i‡Q| wd‡i Av‡mb| cieZ©x NUbvejxi mv‡_ emwbqv-nv‡R©‡Mvwfbvi miKv‡ii hy×vcivax‡`i cÖwZ c¶cvwZ‡Z¡i Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K
hvwš¿Kfv‡e GB nZ¨vKvÛ Pvjv‡Z Pvjv‡Z Zviv wbi¯¿ gvbyl NUbv Zyjbxq| AvZ¥mgc©YKvix cvwK¯—vbx‡`i wbivcËv ‡`q wbi‡c¶ Ae¯’vb MÖn‡Yi ciB Avm‡j †evSv hv‡e - Zv‡`i
nZ¨vi ‡bkvq c‡o wM‡qwQ‡jv (wmMv‡i‡Ui ‡bkvi g‡Zv) ...hv fviZ| (Genocide in Bangladesh, p. 298; emphasis AvkÖq¯’jwU Avm‡j wK Zv‡mi Ni bv jwL›`‡ii ‡jvnvi
ivwkqv `L‡ji c‡i wnUjv‡ii evwnbxi g‡a¨ ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q| added) evmi|
(Payne, Massacre, p. 29)
Avš—R©vwZK KyU‰bwZK gvic¨vu‡P cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ijiv
ievU© cvB‡bi g‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v eZ©gvb mg‡qi wePv‡ii KvVMovq `uvovqwb| ZviciI evsjv‡`‡ki c¶ ‡_‡K g~j iPbv : ‡RÛvimvBW IqvP
MYnZ¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU AZ¨š— mycwiKwíZ nZ¨vKvÛ - hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii welqwU wb‡q bvbv D‡`¨vM ‡bIqv
GK`j mvgwiK KZ©vi mywPwš—Z cwiKíbvi dmj| hviv GB n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ ivóÖ wnmv‡e cvwK¯—vb ‡mB Acivax‡`i i¶vi [‡RÛvimvBW IqvP mvaviY gvby‡li wei“‡× cwiKwíZ
cwiKíbvi cÖ‡YZv wQ‡jv, Zviv n‡jvÑ mKj e¨e¯’v wb‡q‡Q| nZ¨vjxjvi wel‡q M‡elYv K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡Z wbi¯¿ gvby‡li
1) ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb, GB nZ¨vKvÛ Avi wePvi bv nIqvi my`yicÖmvix dj wnmv‡e Dci msNwUZ nZ¨vKvÛ ev MYnZ¨v eZ©gvb kZvãx‡Z
2) †Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb, evsjv‡`‡kI cieZ©x‡Z mvgwiK Kz¨ n‡q‡Q - ‡Kvb ‡KvbUv wek¦gvbeZvi wei“‡× eo GKUv ûgwK|]
45
m~wPcÎ |
1971 Gi 10B gvP© ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi i³cvZ Gov‡Z Bqvwnqvi mv‡_
Av‡jvPbvi B”QvcÖKvk msKªvš— ‡UwjMÖv‡gi Pz¤^K Ask
1) ALAMGIR RAHMAN (PROTECT) CAME TO SEE ME THIS MORNING WITH WHAT
HE SAID WAS MESSAGE FROM MUJIB. ACCORDING ALAMGIR, MUJIB HAD
WANTED YAHYA TO COME TO DACCA FOR TALKS AND I WAS GREATLY
RELIEVED AT NEWS THAT YAHYA WAS IN FACT COMING. MUJIB WANTED VERY
MUCH TO WORK OUT WITH YAHYA SOME POLITICAL SETTLEMENT THAT
WOULD AVOID BLOODSHED, SATISFY BENGALI ASPIRATIONS, AND PRESERVE
SOME VESTIGE OF LINK I WITH PAKISTAN. ALAMGIR OPINED THAT IT'S NOW
TOO LATE TO TALKS IN TERMS OF SIX-POINT CONSTITUTION BUT PERHAPS
SOME SOLUTION CANT BE FOUND ALONG LINES OF CONFEDERATION, WITH
SEPARATE CONSTITUTIONS OR EAST AND WEST PAKISTAN, AND ONE ARMY
AND ONE FOREIGN MINISTRY.
2) MUJIB'S QUESTION, SAID ALAMGIR, WAS "DOES THE UNITED STATES WANT
TO SEE MILITARY CONFRONTATION WITH THE PROSPECT OF EVENTUAL COM-
MUNIST DOMINATION OF BENGAL OR WOULD IT PREFER A POLITICAL SOLU-
TION TO THE CURRENT CRISIS?" I TOLD ALAMGIR THAT MUJIB'S QUESTION,
PUT THAT WAY, WAS EASY TO ANSWER. WE NATURALLY HOPED FOR A PEACE-
FUL POLITICAL SOLUTION IN LIEU OF BLOODSHED: WE WERE GRATIFIED TO
LEARN THAT MUJIB IS ALSO THINKING IN THESE TERMS, AND WE INTERPRET
YAHYA'S WILLINGNESS TO COME TO DACCA AS EVIDENCE HE TOO IS
DESIROUS OF ACHIEVING A PEACEFUL SOLUTION. WE HOPE BOTH SIDES
WOULD APPROACH TALKS IN THE SPIRIT OF COMPROMISE.
48
m~wPcÎ |
CHARGE THAT, IF APPROPRIATE OCCASION PRE- MARCH 27. WAS TOLD WEAPONS
SENTED ITSELF BEFORE YAHYA'S DEPARTURE gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b `~Zvev‡mi STUDENTS HAD AT IQBAL HALL
HE MIGHT NOTE TO YAHYA OUR HOPES FOR ‡UwjMÖvg-2 SERVED ONLY TO INFURIATE ARMY.
POLITICAL SOLUTION PROBLEMS FACING PAK- STUDENTS EITHER SHOT DOWN IN ROOMS
ISTAN. 4. ITEM: AMERICAN PRIESTS (PROTECT) IN OR MOWED DOWN WHEN THEY CAME OUT OF
OLD DACCA REPORT ARMY ACTED WITH NO BUILDING IN GROUPS. SAW TIGHTLY PACKED
25‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b `~Zvev‡mi PROVOCATION ON PART OF BENGALS EXCEPT PILE OF APPROXIMATELY TWENTY FIVE
BARRICADE ERECTION. ARMY EXCLUSIVELY CORPSES. WAS TOLD THIS WAS LAST BATCH
‡UwjMÖvg-1 RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL FIRES. TECHNIQUE OF BODIES REMAINING, OTHERS HAVING
WAS TO SET HOUSES AFIRE AND THEN GUN BEEN DISPOSED OF BY ARMY. WHILE THERE,
1. HERE IN DACCA WE ARE MUTE AND HORRI- DOWN PEOPLE AS THEY LEFT THEIR HOMES. EMPTY ARMY TRUCK ARRIVED TO REMOVE
FIED WITNESSES TO A REIGN OF TERROR BY UNWILLING ESTIMATE NUMBER OF CASUAL- BODIES. MAJOR ATROCITY RECOUNTED TO
THE PAK MILITARY. EVIDENCE CONTINUES TO TIES BUT ADVISED THAT MUST BE VERY HIGH. HIM TOOK PLACE AT KOKEYA GIRLS' HALL
MOUNT THAT THE MLA AUTHORITIES HAVE A BELIEVE HINDUS PARTICULAR FOCUS OF WHERE BUILDING SET ABLAZE AND GIRLS
LIST OF AWAMI LEAGUE SUPPORTERS WHOM CAMPAIGN, ALTHOUGH AREAS INCLUDING MACHINE-GUNNED AS THEY FLED BUILDING.
THEY ARE SYSTEMATICALLY ELIMINATING BY NON-HINDUS ALSO BURNED OUT. STATED USIS LOCAL WHO LIVES NEAR BY CONFIRMS
SEEKING THEM OUT IN THEIR HOMES AND ARMY LOOKING AWAMI LEAGUERS BUT REAL- GIRLS GUNNED DOWN. GIRLS HAD NO
SHOOTING THEM DOWN. LY MORE INDISCRIMINATE THAN SELECTIVE IN WEAPONS. FORTY KILLED. ATTACK AIMED AT
APPROACH. MOST ARMY DESTRUCTION ELIMINATING FEMALE STUDENT LEADERSHIP,
2. AMONG THOSE MARKED FOR EXTINCTION NIGHTS OF MARCH 25 AND 26: LESSER ON SINCE ARMY APPARENTLY TOLD GIRL STU-
IN ADDITION TO A.L. HIERARCHY, ARE STU- MARCH 27 AND 28. ALSO REPORTED WHAT DENT ACTIVISTS RESIDED THERE. ESTIMATED
DENT LEADERS AND UNIVERSITY FACULTY. IN TERMED RELIABLE ACCOUNT FAMILY OF 1,000 PERSONS, MOSTLY STUDENTS, BUT
THIS SECOND CATEGORY WE HAVE REPORTS ELEVEN ALL KILLED NITE OF 25TH. INCLUDING FACULTY MEMBERS RESIDENT IN
THAT FAZLUR RAHMAN, HEAD OF APPLIED DORMS, KILLED. HE CLAIMED UNIVERSITY
PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, PROFESSOR DEV, 5. ITEM: MILITARY REPORTEDLY IS STANDING CONTACTS WHO CONDUCTED HIM ON TOUR
HEAD OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT AND A BY WHILE NON-BENGALIS LOOT BENGALI HAD BEEN NOTED FOR THEIR RELIABILITY
HINDU, M. ABEDIN, HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF DWELLINGS. THEREBY ABETTING CRIMINAL FOR INFORMATION IN PAST. TOLD ALL UNIVER-
HISTORY, HAVE BEEN KILLED. RAZZAK OF TENSIONS. BENGALI-NON-BENGALI TENSIONS SITY FILES BURNED BY ARMY IN WHAT
POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT IS VERY HIGH (CONGEN OFFICERS THIS MORN- APPEARED BE PURPOSEFUL MOVE.
RUMORED DEAD. ALSO ON LIST ARE BULK OF ING (MARCH 29) WITNESSED BUTCHERING OF
MNA'S ELECT AND NUMBER OF MPA'S. ONE CIVILIAN BY ANOTHER IN AREA OF BEN- 4. REPORTS VARY RE STATUS OF TOP STU-
GALI-NON-BENGALI DISCORD, ALTHOUGH INCI- DENT LEADERS. SOME SAY ARMY TOOK NO
3. MOREOVER, WITH SUPPORT OF PAK MILI- DENT POSSIBLY OF OTHER ORIGIN). BEN- PRISONERS AND KILLED ALL PRESENT IN
TARY, NON-BENGALI MUSLIMS ARE SYSTEMAT- GALIS REPORTEDLY BIDING TIME TO RETALI- DORMS. HENCE IF STUDENT LEADERS THERE,
ICALLY ATTACKING POOR PEOPLE'S QUAR- ATE. THEY TOO KILLED. OTHER UNIVERSITY CON-
TERS AND MURDERING BENGALIS AND HIN-
TACTS SAY GAME PLAN IF ARMY MOVED IN
DUS. STREETS OF DACCA ARE AFLOOD WITH XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MYnZ¨v wb‡q XvKv¯’ gvwK©b FORCE WAS FOR TOP LEADERS TO ESCAPE
HIINDUS AND OTHERS SEEKING TO GET OUT
OF DACCA.
`~Zvev‡mi ‡UwjMÖvg TO COUNTRY-SIDE TO ORGANIZE RESIS-
TANCE. MOST APPARENTLY SUCCEEDED IN
MANY BENGALIS HAVE SOUGHT REFUGE IN 1. AMERICAN SERVING WITH FAO IN EAST PAK- GETTING OUT OF DACCA ENVIRONS. ARMY
HOMES OF AMERICANS, MOST OF WHOM ARE ISTAN VISITED CONGEN MARCH 30 TO RADIO BROADCAST MONITORED HERE SUG-
EXTENDING SHELTER. REPORT ON TOUR OF DACCA UNIVERSITY GESTS SOME STUDENTS ESCAPED.
49
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i m¤¢ve¨ djvdj ch©‡e¶Y its military forcess, has long been a principal enemy
of India. A successful Bengali insurgency would
serve to weaken and discredit West Pakistan. The
Py¤^K Ask disrupted. A number of bridges have been East Wing, basically uninterested in the Kashmir
destroyed, ferry boats sunk, and rail lines (including dispute and never the scene of major Indo-Pakistani
This estimate assesses the present and prospec- that between Dacca and Chittagong) cut. fighting, poses no military threat to New Delhi. To
tive state of the Pakistani civil war, the role of India Nonetheless, regular army forces can move the contrary, its leaders -- particularly Mujibur
and other powers, and the outlook for Pakistan's through the region at will, except where inhibited by Rahman of the AL -- have advocated cordial rela-
two components -- if the Bengali uprising should be transport difficulties. tions with India. Hence, we estimate that India will
put down, and if it should succeed. continue and increase its arms aid to the Bengalis
3. The prospects are poor that the 30,000-odd and this will enable them to develope at a minimum
THE ESTIMATE West Pakistani troops can substantially improve the kind of insurgency capability which the army
their position, much less reassert control over 75 cannot entirely supress. In so doing, India is accept-
I. THE CONFLICT IN BENGAL million rebellious Bengalis. This is likely to be the ing the risk that some of its arms may fall into
case even if the expeditionary forces is augmented. extremist hands. In the time the Bengalis may prove
1. When they launched their campaign on 25 For most of East Pakistan's residents, the time has more than a match for the army except where the
March, the West Pakistani military leaders probably come for a separate Bengali nation. Many years of latter is consentrated in a few strong points.
expected -- or at least hoped -- to destroy the economic discrimination and political repression by 7. India of course runs the risk in supporting or
Awami League (AL) and regain effective control of the west wing had made an autonomous Bangla intervening in a Bengali rebellion. To do so could
East Bengal in a matter of days, if not hours. They Desh the choice of over 75 percent of Bengali vot- provoke Islamabad into launching an attack on
clearly miscalculated; most of the top AL leaders ers in the December 1970 elections. The refusal of Western India. However, in the 1965 war the Indian
have been arrested, but lower level party leaders Pakistan's military leaders to honor that choice and military showed itself more then a match for the
continue to be active throughout much of the coun- their attempt to terrorize the Bengalis into submis- Pakistanis. The Indians are now much better
tryside. While no precise figures are available, sub- sion have alomst certianly ended any general equipped than in 1965, and face forces weakened
stantial elements of the 13,000-man East Pakistani desire in East Bengal to see the Pakistani union by transfer of Pakistani units to East Bengal.
Rifles (the provincial paramilitary force) remain in continue.
being, as do a few of the Bengali units of the 11. So far, with the qualified exception of China,
Pakistani Army. Although beset by serious logistic 4. Whether the army is to face widespread non- none of the major powers have shown any support
and leadership problems, these armed cadres con- cooperation or continued active resistance will for the central government’s efforts in Bengal.
tinue to resist the West Pakistani units in East depend in part on how much help India gives the Moscow ahs put itself firmly on the record in oppo-
Bengal; they are able to move fairly easily through Bengalis. All but a few miles of East Bengal's land sition to the West Pakistani military suppression of
most of the countryside. frontiers are with India, and the movement of arms East Pakistani; its choice was no doubt heavily
and guerrillas across these very extensive borders influenced by the Indian attitude. It has called for a
2. Islamabad's forces are in command of the two cannot be prevented. There is considerable evi- political settlement, and probably does not believe
principal cities, Dacca and Chittagong, and a few of dence that some arms shipments have already Soviet interests would be served by prolongation of
the lesser ones. Even there, the Army's hold is taken place.* The Indian Government's support for the conflict. The Soviets have probably concluded
maintained by severely repressive measures and the Bengali's will be determined by a mix of that the odds favor a separatist solution or at least
rigid curfews. Most economic activity has halted; response to domestic popular pressures -- which that Islamabad has little chance of imposing its will
the ports are virtually closed and most transport is are quite strong -- and of an assessment of India's on East Bengal in any lasting and effective way.
50
m~wPcÎ |
13. Stories of atrocities in Dacca and elsewhere attack on the many economic prob-
have been widely circulated in the Western world, lems of the area. On the other hand, the
and West Pakistani actions have been condemned longer the fighting goes on, the more the
by a number of private citizens and groups. No sin- prospects for a takeover by an extremist and radi-
gle Western country has much influence on the sit- cal leadership could be enhanced. We know almost
uation, but general Western disapproval may make nothing about such radicals; in recent years the pol-
the government in Islamabad less certain of the itics of East Bengali protest have focused almost
wisdom of present policies and more amenable to exclusively on the issue of autonomy. Nonetheless,
pressures for change. given the large number of Bengali extremists in
India and the ease of interchange of ideas and peo-
PROSPECTS FOR EAST BENGAL ple between the two regions, radical movements
could develop extremely rapidly.
A. As a Part of a United Pakistan
16. Whatever its government, and independent
14. In the unlikely event that the West Pakistanis Bangla Desh would, in the short term, have some
did succeed in reasserting military control over the things going for it. Relatively speaking for an under-
Bengalis, they would almost certainly find it impos- developed country, its balance of payments prob-
sible to develop a new political system based on lems would not be bad, thanks to its large current
anything approaching a consensus of opinion in the exports of jute. It would almost certainly repudiate
two wings. In the December 1970 elections, the the large debts to West Pakistan and the outside
Bengalis gave an overwhelming mandate for politi- world incurred in its name. Able to trade freely with
cal and economic autonomy: opinions have since India, as it has not been in the past, it could buy
hardened. many goods more cheaply.
The best the West Pakistanis could hope to
achieve would be something like a restoration of 17. But Bangla Desh would face serious problems
conditions which existed under Ayub (and which both in the short and long term. The floods and
were ended by mass public uprisings in 1968- cyclone of 1970 raised import requirements to
1969). Routine and low-level administrative duties about 3 million tons of food grains for the period
would be in the hands of Bengalis loyal to B. As an Independent Nation until June 1971.
Islamabad (and such individuals do remain, though Some, though almost certainly not all, of this has
they are in a minority); ultimate authority would con- 15. The political complexion and outlook of an inde- already been met by shipments of PL 480 and
tinue to be in the hands of West Pakistani authori- pendent Bangla Desh are extremely difficult to fore- West Pakistani food grains. But Bengali ports have
ties, and the army would remain the final arbiter of cast. If it came into being rather soon, and if Mujib been closed since 25 March, and ships carrying
power. The two areas would remain one economic and the principal AL leaders were still alive and per- food have been diverted. The internal transportation
unit, and the central government would make some mitted to return, they would quickly take over. network has been disrupted. We have no informa-
effort to cope with the formidable economic prob- Mujib's political and economic philosophies are tion about food conditions throughout East Bengal
lems of East Bengal. But a substantial majority of essentially moderate ones; he wishes to develop now, but severe food shortages are almost certain
the population would continue to be strongly disaf- good relations with India and adopt a generally bal- and famines in certain areas not out of the ques-
fected, probably tot he point of launching sporadic anced and neutralist international posture. In tion. Beyond this, the basic economic problems in
uprisings. The Pakistani Government's talk about domestic affairs he advocates a mild type of social- that region are as severe as those faced by any
enlisting loyalist Bengalis in any significant numbers ism, emphasizing an improvement in the living country in the world, and they appear unlikely to
is wishful thinking. standards of the Bengali people and a concerted improve much in the next several years.
51
m~wPcÎ |
wiwfD MÖ“‡ci wgwUs Ges wKwmÄv‡ii f~wgKv West Pakistan, Bhutto is almost unparalleledly
unfriendly to the US. While we have maintained a
posture of hoping the country can be brought
1971 mv‡ji 6B gvP© ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b ¯^vwaKvi tomorrow. together and its unity preserved, the chances of
Av‡›`vjb `vbv ‡eu‡a IVvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z hy³iv‡óÖi b¨vkbvj Mr. Johnson: We have a good interagency contin- doing so now are extremely slight. It is only a ques-
wmwKDwiwU KvDwÝj, ciivóÖ gš¿Yvjq, wmAvBG I Avwgi gency paper. tion of time and circumstances as to how they will
mgš^‡q MwVZ wmwbqi wiwfD KwgwUi GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© mfv split, and to what degree the split is complete or
AbywôZ nq| GB wgwUs‡q e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i m¤¢ve¨ fvlY, Mr. Kissinger: Yes, it's a very good paper. may be papered over in some vague confederal
25‡k gv‡P©i G‡m¤^jx Avnevb, c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^vwaKvi scheme.
Av‡›`vjb I msNvZ mvgwiK Dcv‡q ‡gvKv‡ejv Ges fvi‡Zi Mr. Johnson: We're already on page 7 of that paper
f~wgKv wb‡q wek` Av‡jvPbv nq| mfvq mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib so far as events go. I would like to make two points. Page 7 of the contingency study introduced the
ZZ&Kvjxb gvwK©b ciivóÖgš¿x ‡nbix wKwmÄvi| mfvq GQvovI First, this is not an East-West, or a US-Soviet, or a question of what the U.S. posture would be if the
ciivóÖ gš¿Yvj‡qi Da©Zb Kg©KZ©ve…›`, wmAvBG Ges US-Indian confrontation. The US, USSR and India secession of East Pakistan appeared to be imminent.
b¨vkbvj wmwKDwiwU KvDw݇ji Kg©KZ©viv Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| all have an interest in the continued unity of
mfvi Kvh©weeiYx cvV Ki‡j Z`vbxš—b gvwK©b KiKv‡ii Pakistan and have nothing to gain from a break-up. In a radio address on March 6, Yahya announced
f~wgKv m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv jvf Kiv hvq| Second, we have no control over the events which that he had decided to convene the National
will determine the outcome, and very little influence. Assembly on March 25. He concluded the speech
Minutes of Senior Review Group Meeting We will know better what the issues are tomorrow by warning that as long as he was in charge of the
after Mujibur Rahman's speech. Yahya's speech armed forces he would defend the integrity of
SUMMARY OF DECISIONS today was described by our Embassy as a mixture Pakistan. (Telegram 1957 from Islamabad, March 6;
of sugar and bile. If the issue is postponed for a National Archives, RG 59, Central Files 1970-73,
It was agreed to: few days, we don't face any immediate problem. If POL PAK) The Embassy's comments on the
-discuss the situation with the British to see if they Mujib should come to us and tell us he plans to speech were reported in telegram 1963 from
would take the lead in an approach to West make a unilateral declaration of independence and Islamabad, March 6.
Pakistan to discourage the use of force, if it should ask what our attitude would be, we would then face
become necessary; the issue of what to say. If Yahya carries out his I plan to send something out today to give our peo-
declaration on the use of force against East ple in Dacca and Islamabad the flavor of our think-
-advise our missions at Dacca and Islamabad of Pakistan, we would have to decide what attitude to ing in terms of the pros and cons, and to instruct
our thinking and instruct Dacca, if they receive an adopt. The judgement of all of us is that with the Dacca, if they are approached by Mujib, to stall and
approach from Mujib on recognition of a separate number of troops available to Yahya (a total of refer to Washington. We can then make a decision
East Pakistan regime, to say nothing and refer it to 20,000, with 12,000 combat troops) and a hostile on our reply in the light of the circumstances at the
Washington; East Pakistan population of 75 million, the result time. In general, we would like to see unity pre-
would be a blood-bath with no hope of West served. If it cannot be, we would like to see the split
-consult by telephone on Sunday, March 7 following Pakistan reestablishing control over East Pakistan. take place with the least possible bloodshed or dis-
word on Mujib's speech./2/ In this event, we would be interested in bringing order. If Mujib approaches us, we will have to walk
about a cessation of hostilities, but the question of a tightrope between making him think we are giving
Mr. Kissinger: I thought we might have a brief dis- whether we or others should take the lead remains him the cold shoulder and not encouraging him to
cussion of what may be ahead and what our basic to be seen. We are talking with the British this after- move toward a split if any hope remains for a com-
choices may be. I assume we will know something noon about the situation. Mujib has unparalleled promise.
52
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Mr. Van Hollen: There are three possibilities for Mr. Kissinger: What force do they have? Mr. Noyes: They have three ships
Mujib tomorrow: a unilateral declaration of inde- which could move 8000 men in a week's
pendence; something just short of that-possibly a Mr. Helms: 20,000 troops. time.
suggestion for two separate constitutions; or
acceptance of Yahya's proposal that the National Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan resist? What is Mr. Van Hollen: Despite all the problems, our mis-
Assembly meet on March 25. their population? sion in Islamabad estimates that Yahya is prepared
Mr. Kissinger: But doesn't Mujib control the to use force.
Assembly? Mr. Johnson: 75 million, and they would resist. Also,
West Pakistan would not be allowed to overfly Mr. Noyes: They have 15,000 troops in Dacca.
Mr. Van Hollen: Yes, but Yahya controls its convening. India.
Mr. Kissinger: You mean 15,000 of their 20,000
Mr. Kissinger: Why wouldn't the convening of the Mr. Kissinger: It would be impossible. They would troops are in Dacca? They might just want to hold
National Assembly on March 25 be acceptable to have to reinforce by ship. Dacca.
East Pakistan? They control the Assembly and
nothing can pass without them. Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan resist? What is Mr. Johnson: This is not a situation which would be
their population? resolved by the use of force.
Mr. Van Hollen: They may interpret it as another
stalling tactic by Yahya. Mr. Johnson: 75 million, and they would resist. Also, Mr. Kissinger: Doesn't contingency 3/8/ get us three
West Pakistan would not be allowed to overfly weeks, if not more. If the matter goes to the
Mr. Kissinger: If they accept the proposal for an India. National Assembly we should have several months
Assembly meeting, we have no foreign policy problem. to study it.
Mr. Kissinger: It would be impossible. They would
Mr. Johnson: I agree; the temperature drops. have to reinforce by ship. /8/ Contingency 3 of the contingency study cited in
footnote 3 above outlined a U.S. response to a situ-
Mr. Kissinger: What would be the motive for a dec- Mr. Johnson: They have some C-130's which could ation in which Pakistan rejected a unilateral decla-
laration of independence? fly around India by refueling in Ceylon. ration of independence and attempted to put down
the secession by force.
Mr. Van Hollen: There has been movement in East Mr. Kissinger: Ceylon wouldn't let them, would
Pakistan in that direction which was intensified by they? Mr. Johnson: In those circumstances we would
Yahya's postponement of the National Assembly have no immediate foreign policy problem.
meeting that was scheduled for last Wednesday./7/ Mr. Van Hollen: They do it now, but they might not if
Also, they have interpreted Yahya's speech yester- circumstances should change. Mr. Kissinger: If an autonomous situation develops-
day as being particularly hardline, blaming Mujib for possibly two constitutions with some vague confed-
the situation and threatening the use of force. Mr. Noyes: India would put pressure on Ceylon to eral links-would we be required to make some
refuse. immediate decisions?
Mr. Kissinger: I agree that force won't work.
Mr. Johnson: They could use their jet transports. Mr. Van Hollen: It would depend on the West
Mr. Van Hollen: Yes, but they might try. Pakistan reaction.
Mr. Noyes: They only have 11 of limited capacity. It would probably buy us time. Something short of a
Mr. Helms: To coin a phrase, Yahya's attitude is that unilateral declaration of independence might be
he did not become President of Pakistan to preside Mr. Kissinger: They would have to have some logis- accepted by West Pakistan. In that event, they
over the dissolution of the Pakistan state. tics back-up. would not use force.
53
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Mr. Kissinger: How would two separate constitutions will be a bloodbath or, at least, a situation of great area to do it. Would they do it in both
work? The National Assembly wouldn't meet? Or turmoil in East Pakistan. If it is quickly over, there our names?
would meet and draft two separate constitutions? would be no problem. But if it continues, there
would be problems. The Indians, and possibly oth- Mr. Johnson: We're not at that point yet. We've just
Mr. Van Hollen: It wouldn't have to be done by the ers, might feel impelled to intervene if it continued. begun to look for someone to do it, if necessary.
National Assemblies; the country could be operated In the short run, probably not. How it is done and the degree of our association
by the provincial assemblies. The Provincial will be decided at the time. Our objective is to dis-
Assembly in East Pakistan could draft their consti- Mr. Kissinger: What would we do to discourage the courage the use of force.
tution. Mujib in the East and Bhutto in the West use of force? Tell Yahya we don't favor it?
would wield effective power. Mr. Kissinger: Will this mean that Yahya is through
Mr. Johnson: We would first go to the British to try anyway?
Mr. Kissinger: Would East Pakistan conduct its own to get them to take the lead. We shouldn't take the
foreign policy? lead. Mr. Van Hollen: Not necessarily. He could still
remain as President with Bhutto wielding all effec-
Mr. Van Hollen: That's a moot point. Mr. Helms: Amen! tive political power.
Mr. Kissinger: Intervention would almost certainly
Mr. Kissinger: In any event, that's not our problem. Mr. Kissinger: Yahya had counted on being in con-
be self-defeating.
If West Pakistan accepts a solution in which each trol because of the divisions in the National
part conducts its own foreign relations, we would go Mr. Johnson: We have no control over develop- Assembly.
along. If West Pakistan doesn't accept such a solu- ments and very little influence.
tion, we will have to decide whether to go along Mr. Van Hollen: Of course, the elections seriously
and grant recognition to East Pakistan. There would Mr. Kissinger: When is Mujib's statement? eroded his position.
be no need for us to take a stand on autonomy. If
they declare independence, we face the recognition Mr. Helms: Tomorrow at 1600 GMT. Mr. Kissinger: He had been able to play off Bhutto
question. If autonomy is rejected, we face the prob- against East Pakistan. If East Pakistan becomes an
Mr. Van Hollen: Another reason for our not taking
lem of our positions on the use of force. In other independent state, Bhutto is in effective control in
the lead is that West Pakistan is very suspicious
words, we have to face the question on the use of the West.
that we are supporting a separate East Pakistan
force in independence and autonomy. We face the
state. If we tell Yahya to call off the use of force, it
problem of recognition only if they declare inde- Mr. Van Hollen: Yahya will continue to represent the
will merely fuel this suspicion.
pendence. Is that a fair statement? What are your military establishment which is a significant political
views on this? Mr. Kissinger: The President will be very reluctant force in West Pakistan. He may retain some limited
to do anything that Yahya could interpret as a per- residual power.
Mr. Johnson: On autonomy, if West Pakistan does sonal affront. When we talk about trying to discour-
not accept that solution and seeks to use force, I age West Pakistan intervention, we mean try to get Mr. Kissinger: In any event, we can't neglect him.
think we would want to discourage the use of force. another country with a history of concern in the
We would do the same in the event of a unilateral area to do it. Would they do it in both our names? Mr. Johnson: No.
declaration of independence.
Mr. Kissinger: The President will be very reluctant Mr. Kissinger: Let's keep that in mind.
Mr. Kissinger: If I may be the devil's advocate, why to do anything that Yahya could interpret as a per-
should we say anything? sonal affront. When we talk about trying to discour- Mr. Johnson: It would be most unwise to do any-
age West Pakistan intervention, we mean try to get thing to prejudice our relations with Yahya. To what-
Mr. Johnson: If the West Pakistanis use force, there another country with a history of concern in the ever degree he remains and has power, we should
54
m~wPcÎ |
Mr. Helms: We don't want to get into a family fight. Mr. Van Hollen: The Japanese do too; also, possi-
bly the West Germans and the French.
Mr. Kissinger: If we could go in mildly as a friend to
say we think it's a bad idea, it wouldn't be so bad. Mr. Johnson: We will want to recognize eventually
But if the country is breaking up, they won't be like- but not be the first.
ly to receive such a message calmly. If we can get
the British to do it, I wish them well! Mr. Kissinger: I think we all see the pros and cons Mr. Van Hollen: Of course, if the parting is amicable
clearly. Alex (Johnson) and I will talk after his talks with and we get a request for recognition, it would be
Mr. Johnson: There has been no decision on our the British. Every department will be consulted before okay.
part to do anything. This is the purpose of our talks we make any move. We will also have a chance to
with the British. take the issue before the President if necessary. Mr. Kissinger: Suppose the request for recognition
Mr. Van Hollen: The British may be very reluctant to comes to our Consul General in Dacca. What will
Mr. Kissinger: If we should make an approach, we do anything. It does have some advantages, he say?
might give them an alibi, so that Bhutto could say though, because the Pakistanis are not as suspi-
that the Americans, by warning them against the cious of the British as they are of us and the British Mr. Van Hollen: He will refer to Washington.
use of force, kept West Pakistan from restoring the odor in Pakistan is not bad now because of their
unity of the country. attitude toward the recent hijacking. Mr. Johnson: I'll tell them so this afternoon, not that
I think he would do anything else.
Mr. Johnson: That's right. Mr. Kissinger: In the highly emotional atmosphere Mr. Kissinger: Option 3/9/ suggests we consult with
of West Pakistan under the circumstances, I won- the Indians in case a military situation develops. I
Mr. Kissinger: It is essential that we discuss this der whether sending the American Ambassador in wonder whether we should do that. I can see that, if
with the British. to argue against moving doesn't buy us the worst of there is a threat of Indian military intervention, we
everything. Will our doing so make the slightest dif- might wish to advise them that we think it unwise.
Mr. Johnson: We can't reach a decision now on ference? I can't imagine that they give a damn what
how to proceed. If we can get someone else to take we think. /9/ Of the contingency study.
the lead, okay. If not, we will have to decide
whether we want to do anything. I am not propos- Mr. Helms: I agree. My visceral reaction is to keep Mr. Van Hollen: The prospect of Indian intervention
ing we do anything, but it is a course of action we our distance as long as we can. is very slim in the early stages.
may have to consider.
Mr. Kissinger: Alex (Johnson) will talk to the British Mr. Kissinger: I question too great activity on our
55
m~wPcÎ |
part. We can't win anything from it, and some touch tomorrow. East Pakistan regime, to say nothing
Pakistani leaders would be delighted to stick us and refer it to Washington;
with it. I wonder whether we should intervene with Mr. Johnson: I'll get something out to our people
them or with the Indians. today giving them our thinking. When will we know -consult by telephone on Sunday, March 7 fol-
about the speech tomorrow? lowing word on Mujib's speech
Mr. Johnson: There is a case to be made for mas-
sive inaction. Mr. Noyes: About 5:00 a.m. mfvq Dcw¯’Z m`m¨e…›`
Mr. Helms: Absolutely. Mr. Saunders: There is a ten-hour time difference. Chairman-Henry A. Kissinger
Mr. Kissinger: I'm just going through the options. We should know fairly early in the morning. Yahya's
The possibility of Chinese military intervention speech of yesterday was on the CBS 8:00 a.m. State
seems so unlikely. news today. U. Alexis Johnson
Christopher Van Hollen
Mr. Johnson: The paper dismisses it. Mr. Johnson: Our Operations Center will be on the William Spengler
alert for the speech. Thomas Thornton
Mr. Kissinger: I assume the mention of international Defense
diplomatic intervention was put in for intellectual Mr. Kissinger: We'll check with each other as soon James S. Noyes
symmetry. as we know about the speech-with a view to taking Brig. Gen. Devol Brett
no action!
Mr. Van Hollen: That is far down the road. If a real CIA
blood-bath develops, comparable to the Biafra situ- Mr. Helms: What's the situation at the Technical Richard Helms
ation, we may want to review the picture. In such University (in Ankara) today? David H. Blee
case, international attention could be focussed on Mr. Kissinger: What about the four Airmen? Do they JCS
the problem, but this is a long way ahead. still think they are in the University? Vice Adm. John Weinel
Col. James Connell
Mr. Johnson: In any event, we wouldn't threaten Mr. Saunders: We have no word. The Embassy
West Pakistan with any sanctions. doesn't think they are in the University and the NSC Staff
Turks have widened their search-they went into 100 Col. Richard Kennedy
Mr. Kissinger: Or call our Ambassador home for private homes last night looking for them. The Harold Saunders
consultation. demonstrations have stopped, though, and things Samuel Hoskinson
are quieter today. Jeanne W. Davis
Mr. Johnson: Our Ambassador is in Bangkok for
some medical problem. mfvq wb‡gœv³ wm×vš—¸wj M…nxZ nqÑ Z_¨m~Î
It was agreed to: National Archives, Nixon Presidential Materials, NSC
Mr. Kissinger: Who is our Charge? -discuss the situation with the British to see if they Files, NSC Institutional Files (H-Files), Box H-112,
would take the lead in an approach to West SRG Minutes, Originals, 1971. Secret; Nodis. No
Mr. Saunders: Sid Sober. He's a good man. Pakistan to discourage the use of force, if it should drafting information appears on the minutes. The
become necessary; meeting was held in the White House Situation Room.
Mr. Johnson: Yes. We don't need to rush the A briefer record of the meeting, prepared by Brigadier
Ambassador back. -advise our missions at Dacca and Islamabad of General Devol Brett of OSD, is in the Washington
our thinking and instruct Dacca, if they receive an National Records Center, OSD Files, FRC 330 76
Mr. Kissinger: I was really only joking. We'll be in approach from Mujib on recognition of a separate 0197, Box 74, Pakistan 092 (Jan-Jul) 1971.
56
m~wPcÎ |
HwZnvwmK K‡_vcK_b : wiPvW© wb·b I ‡nbwi wKwmÄvi Kissinger: that you’ve written to Yahya. So
everybody’s happy. The Pakistanis
Nixon: But we don’t say anything against Yahya?
Kissinger: No, no. You just say you hope the
1971 mv‡ji 25‡k gvP© nvbv`vi cvKevwnbx iv‡Zi Auvav‡i Nixon: No. refugees will soon be able to go back to East
ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wbwe©Pv‡i MYnZ¨v Ges 26 ‡k Kissinger: And conversely, Indira Gandhi, I checked Pakistan. He will then reply to you that’s exactly
gv‡P©i ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi ci gvwK©b hy³ivóÖ cÖv_wgKfv‡e GB with the Indian Ambassador, they’re getting so devi- what he wants. I’ve got it all arranged with the
hyׇK cvwK¯—v‡bi Af¨š—ixY ‡Kv›`j Ges G ‡_‡K DËiY ous now Nixon: Good. Go ahead.
jv‡fi Rb¨ mvgwiK Rvš—v Bqvwnqv‡K m‡e©vZfv‡e mnvqZv Nixon: She wants... Kissinger: Embassy. Then you can take credit. You
cÖ`vb K‡i| wKš‘ 1971 mv‡ji 17B GwcÖj gywRebM‡i Kissinger: She would like to be able to say that one can tell the Indians to pipe down
A¯’vqx miKv‡ii kc_ MÖn‡Yi ci gyw³hy‡× bZyb gvÎv hy³ Nixon: Yeah.
nq| hy³ivóÖ GB e¨vcviwU‡Z fvi‡Zi mivmwi BÜb Av‡Q Kissinger: And we’ll keep
e‡j m‡›`n ‡cvlY K‡i| Yahya happy.
Nixon: The Indians need—
GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hy³ivóÖ cvwK¯—v‡bi Af¨š—ixY e¨vcv‡i bvK what they need really is
bv Mjvevi Rb¨ fvi‡Z cÖwZ Kov ûuwkqvwi D”PviY K‡i Ges a....
e¨vcK K‚U‰bwZK ZrciZv Pvjvq| ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b cvwK¯— Kissinger: They’re such
vb‡K me©cÖKvi mnvqZvi Avk¦vm w`‡q Bqvwnqv‡K GKwU wPwV bastards.
cvVvb| D™¢~Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv MvÜx Nixon: A mass famine. But
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× fvi‡Zi f~wgKv m¤ú‡K© ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b‡K they aren't going to get
GKwU wPwV cvVvb| GB wPwVi m~Î a‡iB 1971 mv‡ji 26 ‡k that. We're going to feed
‡g ‡cÖwm‡W›U wb·b Ges Zvi RvZxq wbivcËv Dc‡`óv ‡nbix them a new kind of wheat.
wKwmÄv‡ii g‡a¨ wb‡gœv³ K‡_vcK_bÑ But if they're not going to
have a famine the last thing
Conversation Between President Nixon and his they need is another war.
Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kissinger), Let the goddamn Indians
Washington, May 26, 1971, 10:38-10:44 a.m. fight a war .
Kissinger: They are the
Kissinger: Indira Gandhi has written you a letter. most aggressive goddamn
Nixon: I know about... people around there.
Kissinger: Well, no. We should answer it. Let me Nixon: The Indians?
say one other thing. Kissinger: Yeah.
Nixon: (unclear) Nixon: Sure.
Kissinger: Well you can tell her—you can use it to
bring pressure on her not to take military action. Z_¨m~Î
Also, I talked to the Pakistan Ambassador. He said Foreign Relations, 1969-
that Yahya might appreciate a letter, which would 1976, Documents on South
give him an excuse to answer all the things by say- Asia, 1969-1972, Released
ing, listing all the things he’s doing because he by the Office of the
can’t get any publicity here. wiPvW© wb·b I †nbwi wKwmÄvi, 1972 Historian
57
m~wPcÎ |
58
m~wPcÎ |
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ‡hLv‡b AvKvkI Kvu‡` from serious malnutrition and related diseases.
A Million Dead. No one knows how many have died And so at week's end the streams of refugees who
in the seven-month-old civil war. But in Karachi, a walked so long and so far to get to India began
source with close connections to Yahya's military making the long journey back home to pick up the
regime concedes: "The generals say the figure is at threads of their lives. For some, there were happy
least 1,000,000." Punitive raids by the Pakistani reunions with relatives and friends, for others tears
army against villages near sites sabotaged by the and the bitter sense of loss for those who will never
Mukti Bahini, the Bengali liberation army, are an return. But there were new homes to be raised,
everyday occurrence. new shrines to be built, and a new nation to be
formed. The land was there too, lush and green.
GLb A‡bK‡KB ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× g…‡Zi msL¨v wb‡q ivRbxwZ
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1 wgwjqb gv‡b 10 j¶| hy× Gi c‡iI P‡j‡Q| P‡j‡Q http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,878969,00.html
59
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‡`b| mfvq mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib G wU Gg
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‡bZvKg©x‡`i Svuwc‡q covi wb‡`©k ‡`b| Avi Avjx Avnmvb Bmjvgxi mvaviY m¤úv`K ‡PŠayix ingZ Avjx I ‡gRi ‰eV‡K Avev‡iv cvwK¯—vb i¶vq ‡Rnv‡`i WvK ‡`Iqv nq|
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M‡o Zyj‡Z wb‡`©k ‡`b `jxq Kg©x‡`i| Zv‡`i ‡mB Ab¨‡`i m‡½ ‰eVK K‡i Zviv RvgvqvZ Kg©x‡`i cvwK¯—vb 16 ‡m‡Þ¤^i wm‡j‡U GK mfvq Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni mfvcwZ
AcKxwZ©i we¯—vwiZ D‡j¬L i‡q‡Q ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKvi‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e mn‡hvwMZvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| cvwK¯— gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv‡`i ZxeÖ we‡lv`Mvi
miKv‡ii ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvj‡qi ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b| v‡bi wefw³ ‡h‡Kv‡bvfv‡e i“L‡Z n‡e GB wb‡`©k ‡`b Zviv| K‡i e‡jb, Zviv cvwK¯—v‡bi wei“‡× cvwK¯—vbx gymjgvb‡`i
c~e© cvwK¯—vb ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvj‡qi GB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b gyw³hy× c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii GB `wj‡j ‡`Lv hvq [b¤^i †¶wc‡q Zy‡j‡Q| nvZ wgwj‡q‡Q fvi‡Zi m‡½| wZwb e‡jb,
PjvKv‡j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi kxl© ‡bZv I mvaviY Kg©x‡`i 482/158-cj./Gm(AvB)], 4 AvM÷ Lyjbv ‡Rjv Rvgvqv‡Zi cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| Bmjvgx QvÎ msN I Rvjvjvev`
f~wgKv Av‡iv ¯úó n‡q ‡M‡Q| c~e© cvwK¯—vb ¯^ivóÖ gš¿Yvjq GK mfvq Avgxi ‡Mvjvg Avhg Zvi e³‡e¨ e½eÜy ‡kL QvÎ mwgwZ ‡hŠ_fv‡e GB mfvi Av‡qvRb K‡i| Bmjvgx QvÎ
1971 mv‡j GB cÖ‡`‡ki ZLbKvi cwiw¯’wZ wb‡q Bqvwnqv gywRe‡K AvL¨v ‡`b wew”QbœZvev`x wn‡m‡e| wZwb e‡jb, gywRe msN I Rvjvev`vev` QvÎ mwgwZ ‡hŠ_fv‡e G mfvi Av‡qvRb
miKvi‡K gv‡m `yBevi ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`b cvVv‡Zv| ‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K fyj c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Q| ‡Mvjvg Avhg K‡i| GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯^ivóÖmwPe Gg Gg KvwRg ¯^v¶i K‡ib
cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Awdwmqvj wk‡ivbvg ÔdU©bvBUwj wm‡KªU wi‡cvU© Zvi fvlvq Ôwew”QbœZvev`x‡`iÕ aŸsm Ki‡Z Rvgvqv‡Zi 15 A‡±vei 1971|
Ab `¨ wmPy‡qkb Bb B÷ cvwK¯—vbÕ| ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Ab¨vb¨‡`i GKÎ nIqvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| ¯’vbxq 25 ‡m‡Þ¤^i jvjev‡Mi 1/1 Avãyj gwZb ‡PŠayix ‡iv‡W
IB cÖwZ‡e`‡b cvwK¯—vb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ZrKvjxb wgDwbwmc¨vj n‡j GB mfvq mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib ‡Rjv Rvgvqv‡Z D‡jgv Bmjvg I ‡bRv‡g Bmjvgx `‡ji wbe©vnx
mfvcwZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, QvÎ msN ‡bZv Avjx Avnmvb Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi gvIjvbv Ave`ym mvËvi| GB mvËvi KwgwUi ‰eVK nq| G‡Z wQ‡jb gvIjvbv wmwÏK Avng`,
‡gv: gyRvwn`, G wU Gg AvRnvi“j Bmjvg wKfv‡e ZLb ev‡MinvU-4 Avmb ‡_‡K wbe©vwPZ RvgvqvZ `jxq mv‡eK ‡gŠjfx Avkivd Avjx, ‡gŠjfx ‡gv: BeÖvwng, gydwZ ‡gv:
cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶vi Kv‡R e¨¯— wQ‡jb, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i kv‡q¯—v mvsm`| 28 AvM÷ 1971 G ‡`Iqv DcwiD³ cÖwZ‡e`‡b BDmyd, gvIjvbv ‡gv: BmnvK (c~e© cvwK¯’vb miKv‡ii ¯’vbxq
Ki‡Z Zrci wQ‡jb Gm‡ei we¯—vwiZ D‡j¬L Av‡Q| eZ©gv‡b ¯^v¶i K‡ib ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—vb miKv‡ii ¯^ivóÖ mwPe miKvi gš¿x)| ‰eV‡K `jwU Dc-wbe©vP‡b hvIqvi wm×vš—
GB wZbRb h_vKª‡g Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki Avgxi, Gg Gg KvwRg| cÖwZ‡e`‡b [b¤^i 549(159)-cj.Gm ‡bq| Ab¨w`‡K 6 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Bmjvgx QvÎ msN XvKv gv`Övmv‡q
‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij I mnKvwi ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij| (AvB)] ‡`Lv hvq, AvM÷ gv‡mi wØZxq mßv‡n Kywóqv ‡Rjv Avwjqvq ÔcvwK¯—vb cÖwZi¶v w`emÕ cvjb K‡i| mfvq cvwK¯—
IB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡`Lv hvq, GKvˇii 14 Ryb Bmjvgx Rvgvqv‡Zi m‡¤§j‡b e³‡e¨ Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡jb, v‡bi ALÛZv ivq me©vZ¥K KvR Pvwj‡q hvIqvi wm×vš— nq|
QvÎ ms‡Ni GK mfv AbywôZ nq gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi Rvgvjcyi Ôwn›`yiv gymjgvb‡`i Ab¨Zg kKª| Zviv me mgq cvwK¯—vb‡K 29 ‡m‡Þ¤^i ¯^ivóÖ mwPe ¯^v¶wiZ ‡m‡Þ¤^i cÖ_g fv‡Mi GB
gnKygvq| mfvq cÖavb AwZw_i e³‡e¨ Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni aŸs‡mi ‡Póv Ki‡QÕ| m‡¤§j‡b ‡Mvjvg Avhg cÖwZ MÖv‡g kvwš— cÖwZ‡e`‡b G welqwUi D‡j¬L Av‡Q|
mfvcwZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx e‡jb, cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx (wcm) KwgwU MV‡bi wb‡`©k ‡`b| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `y®‹…wZKvix Gi Av‡M 3 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx ‡K›`Öxq KwgwUi
mg‡qvc‡hvMx wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| ‡mbvevwnbx ‡hfv‡e KvR Ki‡Q AvL¨v w`‡q Zv‡`i `g‡bi Kvh©Kªg ‡bIqviI wb‡`©k ‡`b m‡¤§j‡b Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg, cvwK¯—v‡bi AvBbk…•Ljv
Zv‡Z AvIqvgx jxM‡K aŸsm Kiv m¤¢e| wZwb e‡jb, Bmjvg wZwb| wZwb e‡jb, Lye wkMwMi ivRvKvi, gyRvwn` I cywjk i¶vq me©kw³ wb‡qv‡Mi wb‡`©k ‡`b `‡ji ‡bZv-Kg©x‡`i|
i¶vq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx‡K mvwe©Kfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z wgwjZfv‡e `y®‹…wZKvix‡`i ‡gvKvwejvq m¶g n‡e| 18 AvM÷ GKBm‡½ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `y®‹…wZKvix AvL¨v w`‡q Zv‡`i
n‡e| GRb¨ `jxq ‡bZv-Kg©x‡`i Svuwc‡q covi wb‡`©k ‡`b ¯^ivóÖ mwPe GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ¯^v¶i K‡ib| cÖwZnZ Kivi wb‡`©kI ‡`b| cÖm½Z. 17 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Mfb©i
wZwb| cÖm½Z, Bmjvgx QvÎmsN wQj IB mg‡q cvwK¯—vwb A‡±ve‡i wØZxq fv‡Mi miKvwi GB ‡Mvcb cÖwZ‡e`‡b (13 gv‡jK 9 m`‡m¨i gwš¿cwil‡`i kc_ MÖnY Kivb| G‡Z
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi A½ msMVb| b‡f¤^i 1971 ¯^ivóÖ mwPe mvwiZ) ejv n‡q‡Q, 17 A‡±vei Rvgvqv‡Zi `yBRb wQj| Giv n‡jb AveŸvm Avjx Lvb I
cÖwZ‡e`‡bi ‡g gv‡mi cÖ_g fvM ch©v‡jvPbvq ‡`Lv hvq, 5 iscy‡i cvwK¯—vb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni GK mfvq Avjx Avnmvb gvIjvbv G ‡K Gg BDmyd| AveŸvm Avjx Lvb wQ‡jb
‡g XvKv bMi Rvgvqv‡Zi GK mfvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg cvwK¯—vb ‡gv: gyRvwn` Avj e`i evwnbx M‡o Zyj‡Z `jxq ‡bZv- Rvgvqv‡Zi fvicÖvß Avwgi, gvIjvbv BDmyd GLb `‡ji
i¶v‡_© wK wK KiYxq ‡m wel‡q `‡ji ‡bZv‡`i wb‡`©k ‡`b Kg©x‡`i wb‡`©k ‡`b| wZwb e‡jb, Bmjvgwe‡ivax kw³‡`i bv‡q‡e Avwgi|
Ges me KjKviLvbv Pvjy ‡i‡L ‡`‡k ‡h ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ hyeK‡`i msMwVZ K‡i Avj-e`i K…ZÁZv : Avwidyi ingvb ‡`vjb
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GB n‡jv cÖK…Z BwZnvm| GLb gywRebMi miKvi hLb K‡i Zv‡Z ‡Rbv‡ij Imgvbxi Ae`v‡b GKUyKyI AuvPo c‡o And
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Î (‡hwU P~ovš— weRq jv‡fi ci evsjv‡`k bv| Whereas General Yahya Khan sum-
miKvi MVb Ges msweavb iPbvi AvBwb `wjj) e½eÜy‡K moned the elected representatives of the
(ivóÖcwZ wnmv‡e) evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Aaxb¯— mKj Avg©W cybð : gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK ev gyw³evwnbxi me©vwabvqK people to meet on the 3rd March 1971, for the pur-
‡dv‡m©m Gi mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme Commander) ev wb‡q Avš—R©vwZK wgwWqv¸wj‡ZI GL‡bv weåvwš— Av‡Q| pose of framing a constitution,
me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e ‡NvlYv Kivi ci gyw³hy‡×i me©vwabvqK m¤cÖwZ wewewm‡Z hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi PvIqv msKªvš— GKwU And
‡h e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb wQ‡jb ‡mwU ¯úó| KviY msev‡` AemicÖvß Gqvi fvBm gvk©vj (gyw³hy‡×i mgq Mªyc Whereas instead of fulfilling their promise and while
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvcÎwUB n‡jv ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavb K¨v‡Þb) G ‡K L›`Kvi‡K gyw³hy‡×i Dc-me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e still conferring with the representatives of the people
AvBbx `wjj hv wQ‡jv msweavb Ges miKvi MV‡bi g~j ‡jLv n‡q‡Q| wjsK GLv‡b| hw`I AvBwWqvwj ejv DwPZ of Bangladesh, Pakistan authorities declared an
wfwË| GLv‡b D‡j¬L¨ ‡h e½eÜy cvwK¯—v‡b ‡R‡j AvUK _vKvi wQ‡jv gyw³evwnbxi Dc-me©vwabvqK| Avm‡j miKvi‡KB unjust and treacherous war,
Kvi‡Y ‰mq` bRi“j Bmjvg A¯’vqx ivóÖcwZ wnmv‡e And
`vwqZ¡ cvjb Kivq gyw³hy‡×i mgqKv‡j wZwb gyw³hy‡×i Whereas in the facts and circumstances of
fvicÖvß me©vwabvqK wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb such treacherous conduct Bangabandhu
‡Kbbv ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Î ivóÖcwZi me©vwabvqK nevi Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the undisputed leader
e¨vcv‡i ¯úó ‡NvlYv wQ‡jv| of the 95 million people of Bangladesh, in due
fulfillment of the legitimate right of self determi-
cieZ©x‡Z gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi-Bb-wPd nation of the people of Bangladesh, duly made
(Commander-in-chief) K‡Y©j Imgvbx‡K wb‡qvM a declaration of independence at Dacca on
‡`qvq Ges hyׇ¶‡Î gyj ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wZwb _vKvq wZwb March 26, 1971, and urged the people of
wQ‡jb evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ (‡hwU Bangladesh to defend the honour and integrity
KgvÛvi-Bb-wP‡di e½vbyev` n‡Z cv‡i) ev gyw³evwnbxi of Bangladesh,
me©vwabvqK| GLv‡b GUv eyS‡Z n‡e wZwb KgvÛvi-Bb- And
wPd (Commander-in-chief) n‡jI ¯^vaxbZvi Whereas in the conduct of a ruthless and sav-
‡NvlYvcÎ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mKj Avg©W age war the Pakistani authorities committed
‡dv‡m©m Gi mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme and are still continuously committing numerous
Commander), G‡¶‡Î ivóÖcwZ, Gi AvIZvaxb acts of genocide and unprecedented tortures,
wQ‡jb| G ‡_‡KB ¯úó n‡q hvq ‡h gyw³hy‡×i amongst others on the civilian and unarmed
me©vwabvqK ev mywcÖg KgvÛvi (Supreme people of Bangladesh,
Commander) wQ‡jb beMwVZ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii ivóÖcwZ D‡`¨vMx n‡q GB RvZxq weåvwš— `~i Kiv DwPZ| And
e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb| mshyw³ : 1971 mv‡ji 10B GwcÖj M…nxZ evsjv‡`‡ki Whereas the Government by levying an unjust war
and committing genocide and by other repressive
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvc‡Îi g~j Bs‡iwR `wjj|
GLb GKUv mnR mZ¨‡K eyS‡Z n‡e Gi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i measures made it impossible for the elected repre-
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ ‡Rbv‡ij AvZvDj MwY `wjjwUi Bs‡iwR ‡U·U sentatives of the people of Bangladesh to meet and
Imgvbxi we›`ygvÎ Aegyj¨vqb nq bv| Zvi ‡hvM¨Zv, ‡bZ…Z¡ frame a Constitution, and give to themselves a
¸Yvejxi Kvi‡YB Zv‡K gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi-Bb-wPd Whereas free elections were held in Bangladesh Government,
(Commander-in-chief) wnmv‡e wb‡qvM ‡`qv n‡qwQj Ges from 7th December, 1970 to 17th January, 1971, to And
‡mB ‡hŠebKv‡ji evg©v iYv½‡bi gZ wZwb Zvi hyׇKŠkj Gi elect representatives for the purpose of framing a Whereas the people of Bangladesh by their hero-
gva¨‡g gyw³hyׇK myPvi“fv‡e cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb Ges weRq constitution, ism, bravery and revolutionary fervour have estab-
wQwb‡q wb‡q G‡m‡Qb| GKwU RvwZi Rb¥hy‡×i GKRb And lished effective control over the territories of
iƒcKvi Ges RvZxq exi wnmv‡e AvRxeb mKj evsjv‡`kx Whereas at these elections the people of Bangladesh,
Zvi Ae`v‡bi K_v kÖ×vf‡i g‡b ivL‡e| hviv Zvi Bangladesh elected 167 out of 169 representatives And
Aegyj¨vq‡bi ‡Póv K‡i Zviv Avm‡j wb‡R‡`iB Aegyj¨vqb belonging to the Awami League, We the elected representatives of the people of
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1971 mv‡ji 26 gv‡P©i ïi“‡ZB cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx XvKv ‡iwWIi ‡NvlYv ï‡bwQj| gv‡P©i msKUgq IB cvuP w`b * 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡kL
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi wbqš¿Y wb‡q ‡bq| cvwK¯—vwbiv ‡iwWI KvjyiNv‡Ui ‡QvU ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU KL‡bv bxie nqwb| ‡iwWI gywReyi ingv‡bi ‡NvlYvcÎwU m¤cÖPvi Kiv nq| Z‡e Lye
‡÷kbwUi bZyb bvg ‡`q Ô‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKvÕ| G ‡K›`Ö ‡÷kbwU evOvwj‡`i g‡bvej‡K cybi“×vi K‡iwQj Ges Kg gvbylB m¤cÖPvwiZ ‡NvlYvwU ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj|
‡_‡KB Zviv mvgwiK AvBb Rvwii ‡NvlYv ‡`q| evOvwj‡`i cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx‡K nZvkvq Wywe‡qwQj|
KÚ ‡iva Ki‡Z BwZg‡a¨B cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi ZrciZv ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi bvix I cyi“‡liv Ges B÷‡e½j * B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ZrKvjxb ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb
ïi“ n‡q wM‡qwQj| Z‡e evOvwjiv wVKB cÖwZ‡iva M‡owQj ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui m`m¨iv ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU‡K AvKªg‡Yi nvZ ‡_‡K 1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP© KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi
Ges jovB‡q wd‡i G‡mwQj| ïi“ n‡q wM‡qwQj evsjv‡`‡ki i¶v K‡iwQj| cvkvcvwk we‡k¦i Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv K‡iwQj, c‡¶ GKwU ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib| IB ‡NvlYv we‡`wk
¯^vaxbZvi hy×| msMwVZ evOvwj cÖwZ‡iva bZyb D`¨‡g jovB‡q wd‡i msev`gva¨g¸‡jv ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj Ges wek¦ evsjv‡`‡ki
G‡m‡Q| cvwK¯—vwb U¨vsK I hy×wegvb evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi e¨vcv‡i Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
evOvwj‡`i Ici cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbxi i³¶qx ZxeÖ AvKªgY ‡KvwU gvby‡li KÚ‡K `vwe‡q ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv, welqwU Zviv
AeÁv K‡i IB w`bB mܨvq GKwU ‡QvU ‡iwWI ‡÷kb wbwðZ K‡iwQj| Dc‡iv³ KvjKªg Abyhvqx, 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
m¤cÖPvi ïi“ K‡iwQj| PÆMÖv‡gi Dˇi KvjyiNvU bvgK ¯’vb ‡NvlYv cv‡Vi AvM ch©š— ewnwe©k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi K_v
‡_‡K ‡Mvcb IB ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv cwiewZ©Z HwZnvwmK `wjj ïb‡Z cvqwb|
K‡i: Ô‡kL c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU bvMwiK‡K ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi GB weeiYwU e¨vcKfv‡e M…nxZ n‡q‡Q
mve©‡fŠg ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© Kxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Ges cÖ_vMZ weP¶YZvq cÖwZdjb NwU‡q‡Q| GUv MZ wZb
w`‡q‡Qb|Õ ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡Ri bvgKiY K‡i ¯^vaxb Kiv n‡qwQj, Zvi BwZnvm mwVKfv‡e cÖwZdj‡bi j‡¶¨ `kK a‡i ‰Zwi n‡q‡Q| D`vniY wn‡m‡e, RbwcÖq B›Uvi‡bU
evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö| m¤cÖwZ miKvi ‡`‡ki cvV¨cy¯—‡K BwZnvm ms‡kva‡bi wek¦‡Kvl DBwKwcwWqvq KvjyiNvU ‡iwWI UÖvÝwgUvi-welqK
D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q| MZ wZb `kK a‡i AvIqvgx jxM I wbe‡Ü ejv n‡q‡Q: Ô1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© Gg G nvbœvb
cieZ©x Pvi w`b cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi m‡½ ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwUi evsjv‡`k RvZxqZvev`x `‡ji iwk UvbvUvwbi g‡a¨ ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g ‡NvlYvi GKwU Bs‡iwR Abyev` cvV
cÖPviYv hy× P‡j| hLb cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm GKvwaKevi bZyb K‡i ‡jLv n‡q‡Q| K‡iwQ‡jb......aviYv Kiv nq, ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g ‡NvlYv wek¦
evsjv‡`‡k me wKQyB kvš—, ZLb ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvq ‡kL gywReyi ingvb I MYgva¨g I Avš—R©vwZK m¤cÖ`v‡qi Kv‡Q e¨vcKfv‡e
‡NvlYv K‡i, gyw³ evwnbxiv ivRavbxi w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Q wRqvDi ingv‡bi fywgKvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡Z wM‡q we`¨vj‡qi ‡cŠuQvqwb|Õ
Ges cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbviv AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡Q| cvwK¯—vwb cvV¨cy¯—Kmg~n GKvwaKevi cybwj©wLZ n‡q‡Q| ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi ïi“i K_v¸‡jv wQj evsjvq ÔAvwg
‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i, Zviv evOvwj‡`i B”Qv‡K ¸uwo‡q ‡gRi wRqv ejwQÕ| Gici wZwb mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki
w`‡q‡Q| Avi ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU ‡NvlYv K‡i, cvwK¯—vwb BwZnvm eB ms‡kva‡bi ‡¶‡Î eZ©gvb miKvi wbfiÖ K‡i‡Q ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib, hv evZ©v ms¯’v¸‡jv ïb‡Z ‡c‡qwQj Ges
mvgwiK evwnbxi Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb ¸ßnZ¨vi wkKvi ¯^vaxbZvhy‡×i e¨vcv‡i miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK BwZnv‡mi Ici, Zviv Zv mviv we‡k¦ e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPvi K‡i|
n‡q‡Qb| cvwK¯—vwb ‡mbvevwnbx `vwe K‡i, evOvwjiv civwRZ hv evsjv‡`k miKvi KZ©…K 1982 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| wRqvDi ingv‡bi ‡NvlYv cÖ_g ïb‡Z cvq PÆMÖvg e›`‡i
n‡q‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K ‡Mvcb ‡iwWI `vwe K‡i, evsjv‡`‡ki ‡bvOi Kiv GKwU Rvcvwb RvnvR| Zviv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Zv
GKwU cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q| AvbyôvwbK BwZnvm ‡_‡K wb‡Pi KvjKªgwU cvIqv hvq: mviv we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cÖPvi K‡i| wRqvi ‡NvlYvi msev` cÖ_g
m¤cÖPvi K‡i ‡iwWI A‡÷Öwjqv Ges wek¦ evsjv‡`‡ki
MYnZ¨vi ïi“i w`b¸‡jv‡Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö we‡k¦i * 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© ga¨iv‡Zi ci ‡_‡K 26 gvP© ‡fv‡ii Afy¨`‡qi K_v we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡Z cv‡i|
Kv‡Q ‡NvlYv ‡`q, evOvwjiv Qvo ‡`‡e bv, evOvwjiv hy× ‡Kv‡bv GK mg‡qi g‡a¨ ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi Z‡e ev¯—eZv Avi cÖvgvwYK `wjjc‡Î m¤ú~Y© wfbœ wPÎ dy‡U
Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i AvZ¥Z¨vM e…_v hv‡e bv| wek¦ ‡Mvcb IB GKwU ‡NvlYvcÎ wj‡LwQ‡jb| I‡V|
67
m~wPcÎ |
‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡R‡K Ô¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ wn‡m‡e GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷k‡bi gva¨‡g
gvP© 26, 1971: KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡NvlYv eY©bv K‡i‡Q| wkjs ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡÷kbwUi cieZ©x m¤cÖPv‡i m¤cÖPvwiZ IB evZ©v gy¤^vB ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡M‡Q|
wZwb evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU ¯^vaxb cÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© mܨvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv aviYv Kiv n‡”Q, ‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi PÆMÖvg
wb‡q mviv we‡k¦i Bs‡iwR fvlvi kxl©¯’vbxq ‰`wbK¸‡jv‡Z 27 gvP© KjKvZv ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb-G Av‡Mi A_ev Pvjbvq Aew¯’Z|
Lei cÖKvwkZ nq| Gme ‰`wb‡Ki Ici GKwU Rwic Pvjv‡bv w`‡bi `ywU evZ©v Zy‡j aiv nq Gfv‡e:
n‡q‡Q| G‡Z ‡`Lv hvq, 26 gvP© mKv‡j KjKvZvq ‡cŠuQv evZ©vq Rbve ingvb e‡jb: ÔAvR ivZ 12Uvi w`‡K cvwK¯—vwb
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖK…Z evZ©v ‡_‡K Ges 26 gvP© mܨvq GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷k‡bi gva¨‡g AvR mKv‡j we‡k¦i mk¯¿ evwnbx nVvr K‡i wcjLvbv I ivRviev‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vb
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi m¤cÖPvi ‡_‡K mviv wek¦ Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK evZ©vq Rbve ingvb (‡kL gywRe) ‡NvlYv ivB‡djm NvuwU‡Z nvgjv Pvjvq| nvgjvq AmsL¨ (wbi¯¿)
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi K_v Rvb‡Z cv‡i| w`‡q‡Qb ‡h kÎy AvNvZ ‡n‡b‡Q Ges RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv gvbyl wbnZ nq|
jovB Ki‡Q| evZ©vwU KjKvZv ‡_‡K ‡kvbv n‡q‡Q| ÔXvKvq BwcAvi I cywjk evwnbxi m‡½ KwVb jovB Pj‡Q|
1971 mv‡ji gv‡P© wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g Kxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj, Zv cix¶v- evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ RbMY AKy‡Zvf‡q kÎyi m‡½
‡iwWI ‡÷kbwU wb‡R‡K Ô¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ wn‡m‡e jovB Ki‡Q|
wbix¶vi Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ Bs‡iwR ‰`wbK¸‡jv‡Z Rwic eY©bv K‡i‡Q| wkjs ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡÷kbwUi cieZ©x m¤cÖPv‡i
Pvjv‡bv n‡qwQj: fvi‡Zi `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb Ges `¨ UvBgm Ae wZwb evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU ¯^vaxb cÖRvZš¿ ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Ôevsjv‡`‡ki me©¯—‡ii gvbyl Aek¨B ‡h‡Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ ‡`‡ki
BwÛqv; Av‡R©w›Ubvi ey‡qÝ Gqvm© ‡nivì; A‡÷Öwjqvi `¨ GR cÖwZwU ‡Kv‡Y kÎy evwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡e|
Ges `¨ wmWwb gwb©s ‡nivì; wgqvbgv‡ii `¨ MvwW©qvb; 27 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv mKv‡ji ÔAvj¬vn Avcbv‡`i mnvq ‡nvb Ges kÎyi KvQ ‡_‡K
KvbvWvi `¨ ‡M¬ve A¨vÛ ‡gBj; nsKs‡qi `¨ nsKs ÷¨vÛvW©; cÖ_g m¤cÖPvi ‡_‡K cvIqv evZ©vi welqe¯‘ cÖKvk K‡i: ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ jovB‡q wZwb Avcbv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| Rq
B‡›`v‡bwkqvi `¨ RvKvZ©v UvBgm; Rvcv‡bi Avmvwn Bwfwbs evsjv|Õ
wbDR; ‡bcv‡ji `¨ ivBwRs ‡bcvj; wdwjcvB‡bi g¨vwbjv AvR we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK evZ©vq ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
UvBgm; wm½vcy‡ii `¨ ‡÷ÖBUm UvBgm; `w¶Y AvwdÖKvi `¨ e‡j‡Qb, evsjv‡`‡ki RbMY wb‡R‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ ex‡ii 27 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vbI cÖ_g evZ©vi
wcÖ‡Uvwiqv wbDR; _vBj¨v‡Ûi `¨ e¨vsKK ‡cv÷; hy³iv‡R¨i g‡Zv jovB Ki‡Q| welqe¯—y cÖKvk K‡i:
`¨ ‡WBwj ‡UwjMÖvd, `¨ MvwW©qvb, `¨ UvBgm Ae jÛb; Rbve ingvb (‡kL gywRe) e‡j‡Qb, Ô26 gvP© ivZ 12Uvi
hy³iv‡óÖi evwë‡gvi mvb, `¨ ‡ev÷b ‡M¬ve, wkKv‡Mv UvBgm, w`‡K cvwK¯—vwb mk¯¿ evwnbx nVvr K‡i wcjLvbvq I
wKªw÷qvb mv‡qÝ gwbUi, jm A¨v‡Ä‡jm UvBgm, `¨ wbDBqK© ivRviev‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vb ivB‡djm NvuwU‡Z nvgjv Pvjvq|
UvBgm, `¨ wdjv‡Wjwdqv BbKywiqvi, mvbdÖvwÝm‡Kv G‡Z AmsL¨ wbi¯¿ gvbyl wbnZ nq| XvKvq c~e© cvwK¯—vb
‡Kªvwb‡Kj Ges `¨ IqvwksUb ‡cv÷| ivB‡dj‡mi m‡½ mk¯¿ msMÖvg Pj‡Q|
Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv kÎyi m‡½
1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ jovB Ki‡Q| ‡h‡Kv‡bv g~‡j¨ ‡`‡ki cÖwZwU ‡Kvbvq kÎy
‡÷Umg¨v‡b 26 gvP© cvIqv `ywU evZ©vi e¨vL¨v ‡`Iqv nq: evwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki me©¯—‡ii gvby‡li cÖwZ
AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Avj¬vn Avcbv‡`i mnvq ‡nvb Ges
cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx Av‡›`vjb‡K Pvcv w`‡Z AMÖmi nIqvi ci kÎyi KvQ ‡_‡K ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ jovB‡q wZwb Avcbv‡`i
ïKªevi ‡kL gywReyi ingvb `ywU evZ©v m¤cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb| Rq evsjv|Õ
BDGbAvB G K_v Rvbvq|
26 gvP© mܨvq KvjyiNv‡U ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö cÖ_g
GKwU AÁvZ ‡iwWI ‡÷kb ‡_‡K we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv GK Rxeš— n‡q I‡V Ges ‡ek wKQy evZ©v m¤cÖPvi K‡i|
evZ©vq AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZv (‡kL gywRe) ‡NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb ‡h m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©v¸‡jvi meB aviY Kiv nq Ges G wb‡q
ÔkÎyÕ AvNvZ ‡n‡b‡Q Ges RbMY ex‡ii g‡Zv jovB Ki‡Q| cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvwkZ nq| me‡P‡q Zvrch©c~Y© n‡jv, IB w`b
evZ©vwU KjKvZv ‡_‡K ‡kvbv n‡q‡Q| mܨvq KvjyiNv‡Ui GKwU wi‡cvU© fvi‡Z aviY Kiv nq|
68
m~wPcÎ |
G‡Z ejv nq, Ô‡kL c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU bv‡g GK ‡gRi 27 gvP© GKwU ‡NvlYv cvV K‡ib| ‡NvlK wb‡R‡K cÖv‡`wkK cÖavb wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv
bvMwiK‡K mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e wRqv Lvb‡K Ôevsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖavbÕ wn‡m‡e cwiPq ‡`Iqv ‡gRi wRqvi GKwU e³…Zv 29 gvP©
‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Kwi‡q ‡`b| bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq
28 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb Rvbvq: cÖKvwkZ nq| G‡Z ejv nq:
GB ‡NvlYv Ges Gi Av‡Mi evZ©v 26 gvP© mܨvq mviv we‡k¦ Av‡iKwU ‡NvlYvq ‡iwWIwU `vwe K‡i‡Q, evsjv‡`‡ki ci
cÖPvi Kiv nq| Gfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv we‡k¦i cvwK¯—v‡bi DËi-cwðg mxgvš— cÖ‡`k ‡ejywP¯—v‡bi ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii GK m¤cÖPv‡i Ôgyw³ ‡mbvÕi KgvÛvi
cÖvq me msev`c‡ÎB cÖ_g cvZvq Qvcv nq| we‡k¦i A‡bK ¯^vaxbZvKvgx RbMY Ges cvLZywb¯—vb ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwg GZ`&Øviv ¯^vaxb
kxl© msev`cÎ c‡ii w`b A_©vr 27 gvP© G Lei cÖKvk K‡i| w`‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³ evwnbxi cÖv‡`wkK cÖav‡bi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY
D`vniY wn‡m‡e jm A¨v‡Ä‡jm UvBgm 27 gvP© G e¨vcv‡i ‡iwWI‡Z K_v ejv IB e¨w³wU n‡jb Ôevsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi KiwQ|
cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡i| G‡Z ejv nq: cÖavb ‡gRi wRqvÕ| cÖv‡`wkK cÖavb wn‡m‡e Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
Pyovš— weRq bv nIqv ch©š— msMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Av‡`k
‡kL gywReyi ingvb ïKªevi c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨ ¯^vaxbZvi 28 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv Rvbvq: w`w”Q| Rq evsjv|Õ
‡NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| Bmjvgx RvwZwUi (cvwK¯—vb) `yB As‡ki evsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖavb ‡gRi wRqv Lvb AvR iv‡Z wZwb e‡jb, ÔkÎyiv AvKvk I mgy`Öc‡_ AwZwi³ ‰mb¨ wb‡q
g‡a¨ `xN© w`b a‡i Pj‡Z _vKv Am‡š—vl M…nhy‡× iƒc ‡bIqvq ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡iwWI‡Z ‡NvlYv ‡`b, `y-wZb w`‡bi g‡a¨B G‡m‡Q|Õ evsjv‡`‡ki hy×iZ MYZš¿gbv RbM‡Yi mvnv‡h¨
wZwb G ‡NvlYv ‡`b| cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK cÖkvmb ‡_‡K evsjv‡`k gy³ n‡e| GwM‡q Avm‡Z wZwb we‡k¦i me kvwš—Kvgx RbM‡Yi cÖwZ
Ô`¨ f‡qm Ae BbwW‡cb‡W›U evsjv ‡`kÕ bv‡g GKwU ‡Mvcb Av‡e`b Rvbvb|
‡iwWI ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ejv n‡q‡Q, Ô‡kL gywRe c~e© wZwb e‡jb, AvZ¥mgc©Y bv Ki‡j cwðg cvÄvwe ‰mwb‡Kiv ‡gRi wRqv `vwe K‡ib, Ôgyw³ ‡mbvivÕ Kywgj¬vq cvÄve
cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU bvMwiK‡K mve©‡fŠg-¯^vaxb Ôwbwðý n‡eÕ| ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 300 Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| hy‡×i ‡k‡l
evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|Õ ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Ab¨iv cvwj‡q ‡M‡Q|
IB cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb‡K ÔwRqv LvbÕ wn‡m‡e ‡gRi wRqv Lvb‡K A¯’vqx cÖavb K‡i cÖv‡`wkK miKvi
D‡j¬L Kiv nq| cÖwZ‡e`‡b ‡gRi wRqv KZ©…K 27 gvP© MV‡bi Lei 29 gvP© wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcK cÖPvi cvq|
`vwjwjK cÖgvY wbwðZ K‡i, 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© KvjyiNv‡U
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡`Iqvi ‡Kv‡bv D‡j¬L Kiv nqwb| D`vniY wn‡m‡e, 29 gvP© A‡÷Öwjqvi `¨ GR Rvbvq:
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evsjv‡`‡ki
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv ‡kvbv wM‡qwQj Ges c‡ii w`b mKv‡j G 28 gvP© fviZxq cÎcwÎKvi G `ywU cÖwZ‡e`b wek¦ c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi mg_©‡Kiv ‡gRi
wb‡q wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| msev`gva¨g cÖPvi K‡iwb| fviZxq cÎcwÎKv QvovI 28 gvP© wRqv Lv‡bi A¯’vqx ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Aax‡b AvR GKwU cÖv‡`wkK
cÖKvwkZ mviv we‡k¦i cÖavb Bs‡iwR msev`cθ‡jvi Ici miKvi MVb K‡i‡Q|
1972 mv‡ji 23 GwcÖj evsjv‡`k AeRvifvi-G cÖKvwkZ cwiPvwjZ Rwi‡cI 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvi m¤cÖPv‡ii e¨vcv‡i GKwU we‡`Övnx ‡iwWI bZyb miKvi MV‡bi ‡NvlYv ‡`q|
GKwU wbeÜ Abyhvqx, 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© mܨvq ¯^vaxb ‡Kv‡bv cÖwZ‡e`b cvIqv hvqwb| ‡iwWIwU ‡gRi wRqv‡K ‡kL gywR‡ei AvIqvgx jx‡Mi gyw³
evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi ‡mbvi cÖavb wn‡m‡e cwiPq ‡`q| Z‡e ‡kL gywRe‡K ‡Kb
‡NvlYv cÖ_g Bs‡iwR‡Z cvV K‡ib Iqvc`vi cÖ‡KŠkjx miKv‡ii cÖavb wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM ‡`Iqv nqwb, ‡m e¨vcv‡i
AvwkKyj Bmjvg| Avi cÖ_g evsjvq cvV K‡ib Aveyk Kv‡kg gvP© 28, 1971: ‡gRi wRqv Ges evsjv‡`‡ki ‡iwWIwU ‡Kv‡bv e¨vL¨v ‡`qwb|
m›Øxc| mܨvq Gg G nvbœvbI GKwU e³…Zvq ‡NvlYvwU cvV ÔcÖv‡`wkK miKviÕ 29 gvP©I wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g ‡Kv_vI ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
K‡ib| ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi K_v ejv nqwb|
28 gvP© ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K ‡NvlYv ‡`Iqv nq
gvP© 27, 1971: ‡gRi wRqvi ‡NvlYv evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MVb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges gvP© 30, 1971: `wjjcÎ Ges msev` cÖwZ‡e`b
‡gRi wRqv‡K cÖv‡`wkK miKv‡ii A¯’vqx cÖavb ‡NvlYv Kiv
26 gvP© ‡_‡K 30 gvP© ch©š— ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö n‡q‡Q| KvjyiNvU ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡NvlYv K‡i, cÖv‡`wkK 1982 mv‡j 15 L‡Û cÖKvwkZ gyw³hy×-welqK evsjv‡`k
KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K Ae¨vnZfv‡e m¤cÖPvi Pvwj‡q hvq| 30 gvP© miKv‡ii w`Kwb‡`©kbv ‡`‡eb e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb| miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK `wjj‡K ejv nq evsjv‡`‡ki
cvwK¯—vwb wegvb nvgjv K‡i ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖwU ¸uwo‡q ‡`q| ‡NvlYvwU fvi‡Z ‡kvbv hvq Ges GeviI fviZ ‡gRi wRqvDi ¯^vaxbZvhy×: `wjjcÎ| cvV¨cy¯—K ms‡kva‡b eZ©gvb miKvi
28 gvP© fviZxq msev`cθ‡jv Lei cÖKvk K‡i, ÔwRqv LvbÕ ingvb‡K ïay ‡gRi wRqv Lvb wn‡m‡e D‡j¬L K‡i| GwU e¨envi Ki‡Q| Gi Z…Zxq L‡Û ‡gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
69
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi welqe¯—y mwbœ‡ewkZ Av‡Q| ‡mUv G iKg: R©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i ‡¶‡Î bb-A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ cÖwZÁve×|
A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx 30 gvP© ‡gRi wRqvi ‡`Iqv e³…Zvi e¨vcv‡i
evsjv‡`k gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨ cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e| fviZxq msev`gva¨‡g Lei cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj 31 gvP©, hv wek¦
GZ`&Øviv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶ ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv ÔAvgiv BwZg‡a¨B ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPvi cvqwb| Rwic Abyhvqx 30
KiwQ| mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi MVb K‡iwQ, hv AvBb I msweavb gvP© mKv‡j ‡gRi wRqvi ‡`Iqv ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv fvi‡Zi
Avwg AviI ‡NvlYv KiwQ, Avgiv BwZg‡a¨B ‡kL gywReyi Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cÖwZÁve×| evB‡i we‡k¦i Bs‡iwR fvlvi ‡Kv‡bv cwÎKv‡ZB cÖKvwkZ
ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi MVb K‡iwQ, hv nqwb|
AvBb I msweavb Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cÖwZkÖywZe×| bZyb Ôevsjv‡`‡ki ‰ea MYZvwš¿K miKvi‡K `ª“Z ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z
MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš—R©vwZK m¤ú‡KiÖ ‡¶‡Î bb- Avgiv we‡k¦i me MYZvwš¿K I kvwš—Kvgx ‡`‡ki Kv‡Q
A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q|Õ evsjv‡`‡k Ôee©i MYnZ¨vÕi wei“‡× wbR Dcmsnvi
m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨ wbR ‡`‡k RbgZ m…wói Rb¨ wZwb me miKv‡ii cÖwZ
Av‡e`b Rvbvb| 30 gvP© we‡K‡j KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi
cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e| evsjv‡`‡k ee©i MYnZ¨vi wei“‡×
m¤cÖPvi eÜ nIqvi ci ‡gRi wRqv eÖv²Yevwoqv hvb Ges 3
RbgZ m…wói Rb¨ Avwg me miKv‡ii cÖwZ Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q| Ô‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, cvwK¯—vb miKvi ci¯úiwe‡ivax GwcÖj wZwb ‡gRi Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid I ‡gRi mwdDj¬vni
wee…wZi gva¨‡g we‡k¦i RbMY‡K weåvš— I ‡avuKv ‡`Iqvi m‡½ mv¶vr K‡ib| Gici wZwb gyw³ evwnbxi KgvÛvi Bb
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GB miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki ‡Póv Ki‡Q| wPd K‡b©j Gg G wR Imgvbxi Aax‡b ‡m±i KgvÛvi wn‡m‡e
mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges we‡k¦i me MYZvwš¿K RvwZi KvQ ÔZ‡e Bqvwnqv Lvb I Zvui mn‡hvMx‡`i Øviv ‡KD weåvš— n‡e hy× ïi“ K‡ib|
‡_‡K G miKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|Õ bv| MZ wZb `kK a‡i evsjv‡`‡ki AvbyôvwbK BwZnvm
31 gvP© gy¤^vB ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ UvBgm Ae BwÛqv 15 b¤^i GKvwaKevi bZyb K‡i ‡jLvi Kvi‡Y cÖ_vMZ weP¶YZvi
`wjjcÎ Abyhvqx wRqvDi ingvb GB e³…Zv w`‡qwQ‡jb c…ôvi GKwU Le‡i ejv n‡q‡Q: m‡½ ؇›Øi m…wó n‡qwQj| 1971 mv‡ji ‡kl w`‡K wek¦
1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP©| `wjjc‡Î Gi m~Î wn‡m‡e D‡j¬L
msev`gva¨‡g cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`bmg~n welqwU ¯úó K‡i‡Q ‡h
Kiv n‡q‡Q GKB w`b bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ `¨ ‡÷Umg¨vb KjKvZv, gvP© 30: ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b MwVZ
26 gvP© ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ ‡NvlYvi
cwÎKvi| Z‡e ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq 27 gvP© msL¨vq GB miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges Ôwe‡k¦i me
wfwˇZB mviv we‡k¦ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv e¨vcK
e³…Zv aviY Kiv ‡bB| MYZvwš¿K ‡`‡ki KvQ ‡_‡K Gi ¯^xK…wZÕ cvIqvi AwaKvi
cÖPvi ‡c‡qwQj| G e¨vcv‡i m‡›`n ‡bB ‡h ga¨iv‡Z XvKvq
`wjjc‡Î D‡j¬wLZ ‡gRi wRqvi e³…Zvi cÖ_g wi‡cvU© Av‡Q| gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv
BwcAvi I cywjk e¨viv‡Ki Ici nvgjvi e¨vcv‡i ‡kL
fviZxq cÎcwÎKvq cvIqv hvq 1971 mv‡ji 31 gvP©| Lvb AvR mKv‡j G ‡NvlYv ‡`b|
gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖK…Z evZ©v wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g e¨vcK cÖPvi
fviZxq cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx IB e³…Zv ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ‡k‡Li
‡c‡qwQj| hw`I cÖv‡`wkK miKvi MV‡bi e¨vcv‡i 28 gvP©
‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K 30 gvP© mKv‡j m¤cÖPvwiZ n‡qwQj| c‡¶ ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, ÔbZyb MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš—
KvjyiNvU ‡_‡K ‡gRi wRqvi ‡NvlYvI wek¦ msev`gva¨‡g
R©vwZK m¤ú‡K©i ‡¶‡Î bb-A¨vjvBb‡g›U bxwZi cÖwZ
31 gvP© bqvw`wj¬ ‡_‡K cÖKvwkZ ‡÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvi 9 b¤^i cÖPvi ‡c‡qwQj| Z‡e ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYvi Rb¨ wek¦
A½xKvie×| evsjv‡`k me RvwZi m‡½ eÜyZ¡ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx
c…ôvq GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b Av‡Q G iKg: msev`gva¨‡g ‡gRi wRqv‡K ‡Kv‡bv K…wZZ¡ ‡`Iqv nqwb|
n‡e Ges Avš—R©vwZK kvwš—i Rb¨ cÖvYc‡Y ‡Póv Ki‡e|
KjKvZv, gvP© 30: ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b MwVZ
miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki mve©‡fŠg ‰ea miKvi Ges we‡k¦i me ‡gRi wRqv m¤cÖPvi ïi“ K‡ib G K_v¸‡jv w`‡q: Avwg, ‡idv‡iÝmn Bs‡iwR fvl¨
MYZvwš¿K ‡`‡ki KvQ ‡_‡K Gi ¯^xK…wZ cvIqvi AwaKvi ‡gRi wRqv, evsjv gyw³evwnbxi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd
Av‡Q| gyw³ ‡mbvi cÖv‡`wkK KgvÛvi Bb wPd ‡gRi wRqv GZÏ&eviv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv gvïKyi ingvb: wdÖj¨vÝ ‡jLK
Lvb AvR mKv‡j G ‡NvlYv ‡`b| BDGbAvB G K_v ‡NvlYv KiwQ| gvneyeyi ingvb Rvjvj: Ôevsjv‡`k wjev‡ikb Iqvi
Rvwb‡q‡Q| WKy‡g›UmÕ-Gi Kg©x
ÔAvwg AviI ‡NvlYv KiwQ,Õ wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvgiv BwZg‡a¨B
¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvwiZ evZ©vq ‡k‡Li ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Aax‡b GKwU mve©‡fŠg, ‰ea miKvi Bs‡iwR †_‡K Abyev`: ‡gvnv¤§` iwKeyj Bmjvg
c‡¶ ‡gRi wRqv Lvb e‡jb, ÔbZyb MYZvwš¿K miKvi Avš— MVb K‡iwQ| hv AvBb I msweavb Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ n‡Z e¬Mvi my-kv‡š—i †cv÷ †_‡K †jLvUv msM„nxZ
70
m~wPcÎ |
71
m~wPcÎ |
`yevi K‡i cwiw¯’wZ Rvbv‡e| Zywg ‡mÖd wUD‡b _v‡Kv, GLbI ‡NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e GB wb‡`©k| Ifvi| Ges Zv‡`i evwo ¸uwo‡q w`‡Z n‡e| GB
bZyb wKQy N‡Uwb; wiRvf© jvBb `Lj Kiv ‡M‡Q Avi : 77, DBj‡Kv| AvDU Ab BD| n¨v‡jv 41, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k ‡NvlYvUvI Unj`vi ‡mbv‡`i w`‡q ‡`qv‡Z
wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKvq GLbI jovB Pj‡Q| AvDU| ‡c‡q‡Qv? Ifvi| n‡e| Ifvi|
: Bgv‡gi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡iv| : 41, Bgvg wK ïb‡Z cv‡”Q? Ifvi| : 41, AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 88, e‡jv| Ifvi
: 77, Bgvg GLv‡b G‡m‡Q, Avi Zvi m‡½ Avgvi Bgvg : 41, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k| cÖ_g n‡”Q, me Kv‡jv cZvKv... Gme : 88, Bgvg A‡c¶v Ki‡Qb| evZ©v cvVvI| Ifvi|
GLb e¨¯— Av‡Q, GRb¨ GB gyn~‡Z© Avwg wKQyB ej‡Z cviwQ cZvKv evwoi gvwjK‡`i Aek¨B bvwg‡q ‡dj‡Z n‡e; : 88, Bgv‡gi wb‡`©k me evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv ev Kv‡jv
bv| Ifvi| KvD‡K GiKg cZvKv Dov‡Z ‡`L‡j kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e| GB cZvKv Ges ‡hme evwo‡Z G¸‡jv Do‡Q G gyn~‡Z© Zv bvwg‡q
: K‡›UÖvj AMÖMwZi Z_¨ Pv‡”Qb, Avcwb ‡LvuR wb‡q wb‡RB wb‡`©k Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z n‡e (fyj D”PviY K‡i cÖwmwKD‡UW‡K ‡djvi Rb¨ gvwjK‡`i mZK© K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, bq‡Zv Zv‡`i
Rvbvb| Ifvi| cviwmwKD‡UW ejv n‡q‡Q) Ges evwo aŸsm K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| kvw¯— ‡`Iqv n‡e (G RvqMvq e³v cviwmwKD‡UW‡K ms‡kvab
: `vuovI| c‡i K_v ejwQ, n¨v‡jv, 77| Bgvg ïb‡Qb, evZ©v GUv gvB‡K ‡NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi| K‡i Avevi cÖwmwKD‡UW e‡j‡Qb)| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi|
cvVvI| Ifvi| : 41, wVK GKBfv‡e ‡Kv_vI ‡Kv‡bv ‡ivWe¬K ‡`Lv ‡M‡j : 88, DBj‡Kv| Ifvi|
: 77, 88i KvQ ‡_‡K me©‡kl Rvbv ‡M‡Q ‡h ‡m GwM‡q ‡mUv‡K ‡dŠR`vix Aciva wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e| KvD‡K Ggb : 88, ‡Kv_vI ‡Kv‡bv ‡ivWe¬K ‡`Lv ‡M‡j ‡mUv‡K ‡dŠR`vix
P‡j‡Q, wKš‘ ILv‡b GZ `vjvb ‡h ‡hme evwo ‡_‡K Ii Ki‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡j m‡½ m‡½ ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡Z n‡e| Aciva wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e| KvD‡K Ggb Ki‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡j
w`‡K ¸wj Kiv n‡”Q I ‡m¸wj‡KB ‡e‡Q wb‡”Q| Ii hv wKQy ‡ivW e¬‡Ki Av‡kcv‡ki evwoi gvwjK‡`i kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e m‡½ m‡½ ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡Z n‡e| ‡ivW e¬‡Ki
Av‡Q meB e¨envi Ki‡Q| Ifvi| aŸsmh‡Ái ïi“‡Z 25 gvP© iv‡Zi XvKv kni Av‡kcv‡ki evwoi gvwjK‡`i kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e Ges Zv‡`i
: I‡K Rvbvb ‡h Zvi eo fvBiv (AvwU©jvwi) wkMwMiB P‡j evwo ¸wo‡q w`‡Z n‡e| GB ‡NvlYvUvI Unj`vi ‡mbv‡`i
Avm‡Q, Avkv Kwi eo wewìs¸‡jv ¸uwo‡q ‡`Iqv hv‡e| w`‡q ‡`qv‡Z n‡e| Ifvi|
Iw`‡K g‡b n‡”Q wjqvKZ Avi BKevj (wek¦we`¨vj‡qi : 88| DBj‡Kv| Avi wKQy? Ifvi|
QvÎvevm) Pyc ‡g‡i ‡M‡Q| wK wVK e‡jwQ? Ifvi| : 88| ‡Zvgvi Bgvg wK e‡j‡Q ‡h KvRUv mvi‡Z cÖvq wZb
:77, Kvwnbx ‡kl wKbv wbwðZ bv n‡jI Iiv G `y‡Uv wb‡q ‡_‡K Pvi NÈv mgq jvM‡e? Ifvi|
‡ek LykxB g‡b n‡jv| Ifvi| : 88| n¨vu| KvRUv wVKg‡Zv mvi‡Z Kgc‡¶ wZb ‡_‡K Pvi
K‡›UÖvj : `y`©vš—| GLb ‡Q‡j‡`i e‡j `vI iv¯—vq iv¯—vq NÈv jvM‡e| Ifvi|
KviwdDi K_vUv cÖPvi Ki‡Z| GUvB mevi Av‡M| wØZxq K‡›UÖvj : 88, Bgvg GLb Bgvg 26 Gi m‡½ Av‡Qb| hw`
‡hUv, Iiv ‡hb evsjv‡`‡ki me cZvKv bvwg‡q ‡dj‡Z e‡j| Avi ‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi mvnvh¨ cÖ‡qvRb nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K Rvbv‡Z
Avi ‡Kv‡bv evwo‡Z hw` evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv cvIqv hvq cvi| Avi e¨v`vi¸‡jv (Gg-24 U¨v¼) wbivc` Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K
Zvn‡j evwoIqvjv‡K ‡mRb¨ kvw¯— ‡c‡Z n‡e| ‡Kv‡bv Kv‡jv hvÎv ïi“ K‡i‡Q Ges ‡fv‡ii Av‡jv ‡dvUvi m‡½ m‡½
cZvKv ‡hb bv D‡o, Avi kn‡ii ‡Kv‡bv RvqMvq ‡hb ‡Zvgvi mvg‡bi me evav aŸsm Ki‡Z ‡Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨
evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv ‡`Lv bv hvq| Avi hw` ‡m¸‡jv bvgv‡bv Ki‡e| Ifvi|
bv nq, Zvn‡j Zvi dj n‡e fxlY gvivZ¥K| GUv mevB‡K : 88, A‡bK A‡bK ab¨ev`| Avgvi Avi wKQy ejvi ‡bB|
cwi®‹vi eywS‡q ej‡Z n‡e| iRvi| Ifvi| me wVKVvK g‡ZvB n‡”Q|
: 77, iRvi, Ifvi| K‡›UÖvj : 88, iRvi| AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 41| g¨v‡mR|
: 77, GQvov ‡ivW-e¬K¸jvi e¨vcv‡iI ‡NvlYv w`‡Z n‡e| Ifvi|
hw` KvD‡K iv¯—vq cÖwZeÜKZv emv‡Z ‡`Lv hvq Zvn‡j K‡›UÖvj : 41, ‡ijI‡q jvB‡bi cwðg w`‡K cvjv‡bvi
‡mLv‡bB ¸wj K‡i gviv n‡e| GUv n‡”Q cÖ_g K_v| wØZxq c_¸‡jv ‡Zvgvi GjvKvq c‡o‡Q| Avkv Kwi RvqMvg‡Zv
K_v n‡”Q ‡h RvqMvq ‡`Lv hv‡e, ‡mLvbKvi gvbylRb‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v ivL‡e hv‡Z K¨v¤úv‡m 26 I 88i nvZ
kvw¯— ‡`Iqv n‡e (gv‡b ‡g‡i ‡djv), Av‡i Wv‡b-ev‡qi evwo- ‡_‡K ‡mw`K w`‡q ‡KD cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z bv cv‡i| Ifvi|
N‡iiI n‡e GKB `kv| ‡ivW e¬‡Ki Avkcvk ¸uwo‡q ‡`qv : 41, Avgiv GjvKvUvq Unj ‡Rvi`vi K‡iwQ| cÖwZ wgwb‡UB
n‡e| GUv mevB‡K cwi®‹vi eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e, RbMY‡KI| Avgiv P°i w`w”Q Avi mZK© _vKwQ| Ifvi|
Avi ivZ ‡_‡K mKvj ch©š— Ges AvMvgxKvj mvivw`b gvB‡K K‡›UÖvj : 41, iRvi| Avwg wbwðZ wQjvg ‡h Zywg cy‡iv
72
m~wPcÎ
wbqš¿Y wb‡q ‡b‡e| 26 Gi Iiv ‡WBwj wcc‡j Avgv‡`i : 88‡K 99| wccjm ‡WBwji (‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡bi/GLb : 55| wi-‡bU (UÖvÝwgUvi ‡mU Kivi
eÜy‡`iI Luy‡R ‡ei K‡i‡Q| LeiUvq ‡Zvgvi Lykx nIqv ‡kivUb D‡ëvw`‡K Aew¯’Z cwÎKv Awdm) wK Ae¯’v? wb‡`©k)| Avcbvi ‡m‡Ui ‡bwUs ‡PK Ki“b|
DwPZ| AvDU| : 99‡K 26| Dwo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q (e¬vm‡UW)| Avevi ejwQ, ‡evSv hv‡”Q bv Avcwb wK ej‡Qb (D`©y)| 55, 55,
K‡›UÖvj: n¨v‡jv 88‡K 99| nvB‡q÷ K‡›UÖvj Rvb‡Z PvB‡Q Dwo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ¸i“Zi AvnZ Ae¯’vq Avgv‡`i 55, 55... ‡bwUs Kj| ‡bU bvI| ‡bwUs Kj GÛm|
cÖwZc¶ wK ai‡bi ¸wjel©Y K‡i‡Q| Ifvi| `yRb‡K wmGgGBP (mw¤§wjZ mvgwiK nvmcvZvj) cvwV‡q : 55| Avgvi K_v ‡kvbv hvq? Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| A‡c¶v Ki“b| Avwg Avgvi Bgvg‡K ‡dvb ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q, AviI `yRb Aí AvNvZ ‡c‡q‡Q| Ifvi| : 55, 56 ... ... Ifvi|
KiwQ, Ibvi m‡½ K_v ejyb| : 26‡K 99, cÖwZc‡¶i ¶q¶wZi ‡Kv‡bv Av›`vR? Ifvi| : 55, GL‡bv wk‡mi g‡Zv kã n‡”Q| UÖvÝwgUvi Avevi ‡bU
: 99‡K 88| Avgvi Bgvg ïb‡Qb| g¨v‡mR w`b| Ifvi| : 26, bv| GB gyn~‡Z© Abygvb Kiv KwVb| j¶¨e¯—y¸‡jv‡Z K‡iv (D`©y)| 55, 55, 55, 55| wnqvi ‡bwUs Kj| ‡bU
: 88‡K 99| m‡e©v”P K‡›UÖvj Rvb‡Z PvB‡Qb RMbœv_, Av¸b R¡j‡Q A_ev cy‡ivcywi aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB gyn~‡Z© bvI| ‡bwUs Kj GÛm|
BKevj I wjqvK‡Z (wek¦we`¨vjq QvÎvevm) wK ai‡bi wKQy ejv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| Ifvi| : 55| Avgvi K_v ‡kvbv hvq? Ifvi|
cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L c‡o‡Qb| Ifvi| : 26‡K 99, cywjk jvB‡biI e¨e¯’v ‡bIqv n‡q ‡M‡Q? : 55... ...|
: 99‡K 88| ïi“‡Z RMbœv_ I BKevj nj ‡_‡K cÖPyi ¸wj Ifvi| : 55| iRvi| gvBK GKUy `~‡i ‡i‡L K_v ejyb (D`©y)| 55,
‡Quvov n‡q‡Q| iRvi ‡mv dvi| Ifvi| : 99‡K 26| nu¨v e‡jwQ, `yB nvRvi, cywjk jvBb R¡j‡Q| Avi wKQy bv| AvDU|
: iRvi| Ifvi| Ifvi| : ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 88, Avgiv ‡ivwgI ‡ivwgI (wiK‡q‡jm ivB‡dj) w`‡q : 26‡K 99| `vi“Y ‡`wL‡q‡Qv| AvDU| : 88‡K 26, 88‡K 26, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
nvgjv Kivi ci Avi ‡Kv‡bv AvIqvR Av‡mwb, Z‡e : 55| jvDW A¨vÛ wK¬qvi| Ifvi| : 26‡K 88| Avgiv hvw”Q...
K‡qKUv‡K wbw®Œq K‡iwQ| iRvi ‡mv dvi, Ifvi| : 55, gvi‡Lvi ïb‡Q| cvVvI| Ifvi| : 88‡K 26| RMbœv‡_i AMÖMwZ RvbvI, Avevi ejwQ,
: 88‡K 99| iRvi| Ifvi| : 55, evZ©v cvVvI| Ifvi| RMbœv_| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| Avwg GLb wjqvK‡Z hvw”Q KviY I‡`i ‡mUUv : 55 Avcwb Kj K‡iwQ‡jb| ‡g‡mR cvVvb| gvi‡Lvi : 26‡K 88| Avgvi Bgvg hv‡”Qb|
A‡K‡Rv n‡q ‡M‡Q| I‡`i AMÖMwZ Rvwb bv| ‡LuvR wb‡q ïb‡Qb (D`©y)| 55, Avcbvi ‡g‡mR cvVvb| Ifvi| : 88‡K 26| iRvi AvDU|
Rvbvw”Q| Ifvi| : 55.... : gvi‡Lvi‡K gvi‡Lvi| Ifvi|
: 88‡K 99| Icvk ‡_‡K ¯^qswKªq A‡¯¿i ¸wj wKsev ‡MÖ‡bW : 55, Avevi e‡jb| Ifvi| : 16| A‡c¶v K‡iv| AvDU|
BZ¨vw` ‡Quvov n‡qwQj wKbv RvwbI| Ifvi| : 55.... : Iw`‡Ki ¶q¶wZ ‡Kgb? Ifvi|
: 99‡K 88| cÖPyi w_Ö bU w_Öi ¸wj| Z‡e ‡Kv‡bv ¯^qswKªq : 88‡K 26| AMÖMwZ RvbvI| Ifvi| : 16... ... PviRb wbnZ|
A¯¿ ev ‡MÖ‡b‡Wi AvIqvR ïwbwb| Ifvi| : 55| iRvi| G‡`i m‡½ wVK ‡Kv_vq ‡hvMv‡hvM n‡qwQ‡jv? : iRvi| AvnZ‡`i h_v_© wPwKrmv ‡mev ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q?
: 88, iRvi AvDU| Ifvi| : ... ... ... BwcAvi nvmcvZvj| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| gvi‡Lvi (GWRy‡U›U) G‡m‡Qb| evZ©v cvVvI| : 88‡K 26| Avcbvi K_v ‡f‡O ‡f‡O Avm‡Q Avi : 16| Lye fv‡jv| AvDU Uy BD| n¨v‡jv 26, n¨v‡jv 26,
Ifvi| RMbœv‡_i e¨vcv‡i AMÖMwZ Rvbvb, RMbœv‡_i e¨vcv‡i (D`©y)| n¨v‡jv 26, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi|
: 26‡K 99| `qv K‡i Avgv‡`i e‡jv ‡Zvgiv GLb ch©š— wK Ifvi : 55| Ae¯’vb RvbvI| Ifvi|
wK Kâv K‡i‡Qv| Ifvi| : .... Avcbvi Kv‡Q wi‡cvU© Ki‡e| : 55| Ae¯’vb RvbvI| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| 2000 (ivRvievM cywjk jvBb) `Lj, Zvici :88‡K 26| iRvi| AvDU| : 55, Avwg dvg©‡M‡Ui KvQvKvwQ Avi GLb we‡ùviK I
igbv _vbv `Lj, Kgjvcyi _vbv `Lj, wUwf I ‡iwWI : 55| Avwg Avevi ejwQ, Avgv‡`i.... mvg‡b GKUv ‡ivW Ab¨vb¨ wRwbm w`‡q ‡ivW e¬K mivw”Q| Avgiv GLbI Av‡Mi
wbqš¿‡b, (‡Uwj‡dvb) G·‡PÄ `Lj| cÖ_g av°v‡ZB me Bqv e¬K wQ‡jv Avi Avgiv ‡mUv mivw”Q, Avi... ... ... Av`vi RvqMv‡ZB AvwQ| Ifvi|
Avjx| Ifvi| (Pj‡e) Gwj‡g›Um| Ifvi| : 55| iRvi| Avkv Kwi ‡KD ‡Zvgv‡`i wei“‡× jvMvi
: Kwgkbvi Awd‡m Avgv‡`i GLvb ‡_‡K cyiv‡bv cëb : 55| Rwj ¸W ‡kv (`vi“Y ‡`wL‡q‡Qv)| ‡Zvgvi mvnm K‡iwb| Ifvi|
GjvKvq cÖPyi Av¸b R¡j‡Z ‡`Lv hv‡”Q| GUv wK ‡nW Awdm Gwj‡g›U¸‡jv (m¤¢eZ mv‡cvwU©s AvwU©jvwii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q) : 55| Avgiv Pviw`‡K wPZv (Kgv‡Ûv `j) Qwo‡q w`‡qwQ|
bvwK Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv RvqMv? Ifvi| 26 G cvVv‡bvi K_v| Z‡e Zviv ‡ewk Kv‡R Avm‡e 88i, GLb ch©š— ‡bwZevPK| Ifvi|
: 99‡K 26| 2000 (Gwiqv Uy _vD‡RÛ/ivRvievM cywjk hviv GB gyn~‡Z© ‡ek Sv‡gjvq c‡o‡Q| Avm‡Z _v‡Kv| : 55| iRvi| (eyj)‡WvRvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ D×vi miÄvg Av‡Q
jvBb) Av¸b R¡j‡Q| Avevi ejwQ 2000 R¡j‡Q| Ifvi| AvDU| ‡Zvgvi m‡½? Ifvi|
73
m~wPcÎ |
: 55| n¨v, ‡WvRvi GLb mvg‡b RvqMvg‡Zv hv‡”Q miv‡Z... : 88, ‡g‡mR cvVvI| Ifvi|
... ... kw³ w`‡q| Avi GivI Avgv‡`i ‡ek mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| : 88, ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv BDwbd‡g©i (wi‡fivBb BDwbU/b`xi
Ifvi| Kyj cvnviv ‡`qv c`vwZK BDwbU) m‡½ Avcbvi GK
K‡›UÖvj: 55| ‡ek `vi“Y| Avm‡Z _v‡Kv| Avgiv GLb GB Gwj‡g›U (‡mbv Kg©KZ©v) Av‡Q Zvi gva¨‡g wR‡Ám Ki“b
g~j fe‡bi GjvKvq| Zywg ‡Póv K‡i ‡`‡Lv iv¯—v¸‡jvi ‡Zv ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv BDwb‡dvg© cvwb‡Z Unj w`‡”Q wK bv
AcÖ‡qvRbxq ¶wZ Gwo‡q ‡h‡Z| AvDU| (D`©y)| Ifvi|
: .... Ifvi| : 88| iRvi| Ifvi|
: 77‡K..., 77‡K 16, ‡g‡mR| Ifvi| : 88, AvDU|
: 16, gvi‡Lvi‡K w`b| Ifvi| : ... ‡mÖd g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z ‡P‡qwQ ‡h ‡ivwgI wm‡qiv
: 16, gvi‡Lvi‡K w`b| Ifvi| BDwbd‡giÖ m‡½ _vKv Avcbvi Gwj‡g‡›Ui DwPZ n‡e
: 16 ... Zv‡`i‡K ‡bŠKvq K‡i Unj w`‡Z ejv (K¨vwi AvDU c¨vUÖwjs
: 16, Av‡M ‡hfv‡e ejv n‡qwQ‡jv, ‡Zvgvi Avmj `‡ji Bb `¨ wifvi ‡evUm)| Bgv‡gi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv Abyhvqx
(AwiwRbvj ‡dvm©) Bgvg cÖ‡qvRbxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e Ges b`x‡Z Unj ïi“ Ki“b| Ifvi|
Avbylw½K wK wK Ki‡Z n‡e ‡m¸‡jv ‡ei K‡i ‡m Abyhvqx : 88, Avgiv Gi g‡a¨B Zv ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ, Avevi ejwQ,
mvRv‡e| ‡fvi bv nIqv ch©š— wKsev ‡Zvgv‡`i ILv‡bi Bgvg Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ Zv ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ| Ifvi|
bv Avmv ch©š— ‡hgb wQ‡j ‡mfv‡eB _vK‡Z ejv n‡”Q| : 88... Avwg Zvi Kv‡Q cyivUv w`w”Q
: 16, DBj‡Kv| AvDU|
: ... Bgv‡gi Rb¨| Ifvi|
: 88, Lye fv‡jv| Pvwj‡q hvI| AvDU|
: n¨v‡jv 26| Ifvi|
gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g
: ... A‡c¶v K‡iv| Ifvi|
: Bgvg ïb‡Qb| ‡g‡mR cvVvI| Ifvi|
: 41, ‡Zvgvi GjvKvq wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs Bbw÷wUDU
: 26| cvVvI| Ifvi|
: ‡Zvgiv wK ‡WBwj wccj ‡_‡K ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvD‡K AvUKv‡Z
‡c‡i‡Qv? Ifvi|
knx`
(‡gvnv¤§`cyi, GLv‡bB c‡i Avj-e`i ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi ¯’vwcZ : 26 bv, ‡b‡MwUf| Z‡e Avgv‡`i ‰mb¨iv Ab¨ K‡qKRb S‡ov nvIqv
nq) Ges cywjk ‡÷kb¸‡jvi Ae¯’v RvbvI| Ifvi| ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ‡jv‡Ki ‡Lvu‡R ‡M‡Q Avi Avgiv Zv‡`i AMÖMwZ
: 41| wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs Bbw÷wUDU fv‡jvfv‡e Zj¬vkx Kiv Rvb‡Z A‡c¶v KiwQ| Ifvi|
nqwb, Z‡e Avgiv ‡mLv‡b mk¯¿ ‡mbv ‡gvZv‡qb K‡iwQ| GB K‡›UÖvj: 26| iRvi| Avjdv wjgvi (AvIqvgx wjM) Kvh©vjq knx` dvi“K BKevj n‡jb gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g
GjvKvq ‡Kv‡bv cywjk ‡÷kb ‡bB| Ifvi| wK `Lj n‡q‡Q? Ifvi| knx`| wZwb 1971 mv‡ji 3iv gvP© knx` nb|
: 41| ab¨ev`| AvDU| : 26| bv| ‡fvi ‡ejv e¨e¯’v ‡bIqv n‡e| Ifvi| dvi“K BKevj wQ‡jb AveyRi wMdvix K‡jR QvÎ
: 41| Avgv‡`i GLv‡b A‡bK¸‡jv ‡jvK Av‡Q hviv ‡ek : 26| iRvi| Zvn‡j nq‡Zv ‡mLvbKvi evwm›`viv me ‡iKW© msm‡`i (QvÎjxM) mvaviY m¤úv`K| GB
wKQy ‡ivW e¬K w`‡qwQ‡jv, G‡`i aiv n‡q‡Q Ges ‡m¸‡jv ev KvMRcÎ Gi g‡a¨B cywo‡q ev bó K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q| Z_¨¸‡jv ‡jLv Av‡Q Zuvi mgvwai ‡k¦Zcv_‡ii
cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z Kv‡R jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q| I‡`i wK Avcbvi ZviciI ‡Zvgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i cwiKíbvg‡ZvB G‡Mv‡Z _v‡Kv dj‡K| Avi GB mgvwa XvKvi ‡gŠPvK gv‡K©‡Ui
Kv‡Q wb‡q ‡h‡Z n‡e, bvwK LZg K‡i ‡`‡ev (e›`x wn‡m‡e Avi ‡Zvgv‡`i AMÖMwZ LyeB PgrKvi n‡”Q| ‡QvULv‡Uv hvB mvg‡b ‡gBb iv¯—vi gv‡S Aew¯’Z| Avwg ‡QvU‡ejv
cvwV‡q ‡`‡ev bv ‡g‡i ‡dj‡ev)? Ifvi| NUyK bv ‡K‡bv Avgv‡`i RvwbI| Ifvi| ‡_‡KB ‡gBb iv¯—vi gv‡S GLvbKvi `ywU Kei
: 41, kÖ‡gi `vi“Y e¨envi K‡i‡Qv ‡`LwQ| AvcvZZ G‡`i : n¨v‡jv 99, 99| gvi‡Lvi| ‡QvUv‡K w`b| Ifvi| ‡`‡L AvmwQ wKš‘ Zvi GKwU Kei ‡h gyw³hy‡×i
e¨envi Ki‡Z _v‡Kv Avi hZ¶Y ch©š— Bgv‡gi KvQ ‡_‡K : 99, A‡c¶v K‡iv| AvDU| cÖ_g knx‡`iÑ GUv Rvbjvg wKQyw`b Av‡M| GUv
wb‡`©k bv cvw”Q ZZ¶Y AvU‡K iv‡Lv| Zvici cwiw¯’wZ ey‡S : ‡g‡mR cvVvb, Ifvi| Avgvi Rb¨ `ytLRbK welq| Avwg knx` dvi“K
74
m~wPcÎ |
75
m~wPcÎ |
76
m~wPcÎ |
ea¨f~wgi AwfÁZv
Awg ingvb wcqvj
77
m~wPcÎ |
Kvu`‡Q| ‡KD ‡Rv‡i ‡Rv‡i ‡`vqv `i“` co‡Q, Avj¬vni Kv‡Q ‡_‡K 140 Rb ‡jvK‡K ewm‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| Gi gv‡S GK mvg‡bi gv‡V LZg K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q e`i evwn-
dwiqv` Rvbv‡”Q| wKš‘ c︇jvi ‡mw`‡K åy‡¶cI ‡bB| dvu‡K my‡hvM ey‡S Avwg Avgvi ci‡bi jyw½ nuvUyi Dci DwV‡q bxi cïiv| GK nv‡Z Avwg Avgvi ‡MwÄi wMuU
gvi‡avi K‡i cÖvq AvaNÈv c‡i ‡jvK¸‡jv P‡j ‡M‡jv| gvi ‡i‡LwQ| ‡PvL euvav Ae¯’vqI Avwg ‡h ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q Zv e`i Lyjjvg| evunv‡Zi `woi evuab Ly‡j `woUv nv‡Zi
‡L‡q A‡b‡KB A‡PZb n‡q c‡o‡Q| ivZ ZLb Abygvb evwnbxi ‡jv‡Kiv eyS‡Z cv‡iwb| e`i evwnbxi ‡jvKR‡bi wb‡P Pvcv w`‡q ivLjvg| nvZ Avevi ‡cQ‡b w`‡q ivLjvg|
`kUv| GK Aa¨vcK mv‡ne Avgvi cv‡k G‡m `vuov‡jb| nvefv‡e w¯’i wbwðZ njvg, Avgv‡`i nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨B e`i evwnbxi GK `m¨y Avgvi mvg‡bi K‡qKRb ‡jvK wb‡q
‡`qv‡j ‡njvb w`‡q ej‡jb, fvB, Avcbvi nvZ wK ‡Lvjv? GLv‡b wb‡q G‡m‡Q| Avwg GLb Avgvi mgMÖ ‡PZbv ZLb e¨¯—| ‡K ‡hb e‡j DV‡jb- Avj¬vni Kv‡Q ‡Zviv `vqx
Avgvi evuabUv GKUy wX‡j K‡i ‡`b| jyw½Uv nuvUy ‡_‡K wb‡P ‡K›`Öxf~Z K‡i fvewQ- wK K‡i evuPv hvq| _vKwe| jvBjvnv Bj¬vj¬vû gynv¤§v`yi ivmyjvj¬n| gv‡Mv...|
bvwg‡q ‡`b| LvwbKc‡i ‡Kv‡bvKª‡g ‡`qvj ‡Nu‡l e‡m wZwb
A‡PZb n‡q co‡jb| ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg- e`i evwnbxi cïiv Avgvi mvg‡bi ‡jvK‡`i Avwg Avgvi ‡Pv‡Li euva‡bi KvcowU mwi‡q ‡d‡j Lye ‡Rv‡i
nvZ `wo w`‡q evua‡Q| Avgv‡`i g‡Zv ew›` GKRb wPrKvi ‡`Šo w`jvg| cÖvq nvZ Kywo hvIqvi ci ÔGB GBÕ e‡j
ivZ `kUv ‡_‡K Abygvb GKUv ch©š— ‡ek K‡qKevi e`i K‡i e‡j DV‡jb- Avcbviv evOvjx n‡q Avgv‡`i gvi‡Qb! nvuKWvK ïb‡Z ‡cjvg| Avgvi ZLb ‡Kv‡bv w`‡K ‡Lqvj
evwnbxi Rj¬v`iv Avgv‡`i LvwbK cici ‡`‡L ‡Mj| ivZ ‡Kv‡bv cvÄvwe hw` gviZ Zvn‡jI bv nq eyS‡Z cviZvg, ‡bB| ïb‡Z ‡cjvg ¸oyg ¸oyg K‡i `y‡Uv AvIqvR|
cÖvq mv‡o ev‡ivUvq Avgv‡`i DciZjv ‡_‡K K‡qKRb gwn- ‡Kb Avgv‡`i nZ¨v Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb? Avgiv wK Ab¨vq K‡iwQ? AÜKv‡i cÖvq 40 MR hvIqvi ci mvg‡b coj Kv`v|
jvi AvZ©bv` ‡f‡m Gj| ‡mB AvZ©bv‡`i eY©bv ‡`qv Avgvi f`Ö‡jv‡Ki Mv‡q ivB‡d‡ji GK Nv w`‡q e`i evwnbxi GK K`©gv³ RvqMvwU cvi nIqvi mgq Avevi `ywU ¸wji AvIqvR
c‡¶ m¤¢e bq| gv‡S gv‡S iv¯—vq Mvwoi kã ïb‡Z ‡cjvg| Rj¬v` M‡R© DVj- Pyc Ki kvjv| ‡K ‡hb GKRb e‡j DVj- ïbjvg| wKš‘ AÜKv‡i Zv‡`i j¶¨åó n‡jv| Avwg Kv`vi
gv‡ii ‡Pv‡U cÖvq mevB A‡PZb n‡q c‡o i‡q‡Q| Avwg Ávb Avgv‡K ‡Q‡o w`b, `k nvRvi UvKv ‡`e| ‡Kvb GK gwnjv g‡a¨ c‡o ‡Mjvg| cÖvq 3 dyU Mfxi cvwb| mg¯— kw³
nvivBwb| Avwg Avj¬vn‡K ‡W‡K hvw”Q| ‡klev‡ii g‡Zv wPrKvi w`‡q e‡j DV‡jb- Avcbviv Avgvi evc, fvB| wb‡qvM K‡i Avwg cvwb ‡V‡j mvg‡b GwM‡q ‡h‡Z jvMjvg|
Avj¬vni Kv‡Q Avgvi hw` ‡Kv‡bv ¸Yvn n‡q _v‡K, Zvi Rb¨ Avgv‡K gvi‡eb bv| Pvwiw`‡K gvZg, AvnvRvwi, Zv eY©bvi LvwbK¶Y ‡Póvi ci ïK‡bv RvqMv ‡cjvg| D‡V Avevi
cvbvn PvBwQ| fvlv Avgvi ‡bB| mvg‡bi ‡jvK‡`i `‡j `‡j fvM K‡i ‡`Šov‡bv ïi“ Kijvg| `~i ‡_‡K Avgvi w`‡K U‡P©i GK
Zviv dvKv gv‡V wb‡q hvIqv ïi“ Kij| Avgvi mviv kixi SjK Av‡jv ‡f‡m G‡jv| Avevi `ywU ¸wji kã| mv‡_ mv‡_
ivZ cÖvq GKUvi mgq cv‡ki N‡i ivB‡d‡ji ¸wj ‡jvW ‡hb f‡q R‡g hv‡”Q| wKš‘ GiB g‡a¨ Avwg euvPvi Avkvq Avwg KvZ n‡q c‡o ‡Mjvg| Mov‡Z Mov‡Z c‡o ‡Mjvg
Kivi kã Ges ‡jvKR‡bi wdm wdm K‡i Avjv‡ci kã cvjvevi m¤¢ve¨ me Dcvq fve‡Z ïi“ K‡i w`‡qwQ| g‡b Avevi cvwbi g‡a¨| cÖvYc‡Y mvZvi ‡K‡U GwM‡q Pjjvg|
ïb‡Z ‡cjvg| mviv kix‡i Avgvi f‡qi wng‡mÖvZ PwK‡Z n‡”Q- ‡Kvb Dcvq Avi ‡bB|
f‡i DVj| LvwbKci GKUv ‡jvK G‡m Avevi Avgv‡`i Gici ïK‡bv wej Avi b`x ‡cwi‡q GwM‡q Pjjvg| Mv‡q
‡`‡L ‡M‡jv| Zv‡iv LvwbKci K‡qKRb ‡jvK Avgv‡`i N‡i Avevi g‡b n‡”Q, evPvi wK ‡Kv‡bv Dcvq ‡bB! Rj¬v`‡`i kw³ ‡bB, wKš‘ ZLb Avwg w`Kåvš—| wbivcËvi Rb¨ b`xi
XyKj| ZvivB Avgv‡`i N‡ii evB‡i wb‡q Gj| GKRb Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m `vuovj| Avgvi ‡cQ‡bi ‡jv‡Ki cv‡i bv D‡V DRv‡b GwM‡q Pjjvg| iv‡Zi ZLb ‡ewk ‡`wi
‡MwÄi m‡½ ‡m Avgvi ‡MwÄ fv‡jv K‡i ‡e‡a w`j| nVvr ‡m ‡bB| LvwbK ci D‡V cojvg b`x ‡_‡K| evwK ivZUv
Gici e`i evwnbxi G‡KKwU cï Avgv‡`i `yRb `yRb K‡i mgq ‡cQ‡bi ‡jvKwU e‡j DVj- AvwRR fvB Zywg! Zywg KvwU‡q w`jvg b`xi Zx‡i GK Sycwo‡Z| mKv‡j ‡iv` IVvi
a‡i wmuwo w`‡q wb‡P bvwg‡q Avbj| wZbwU ev‡m Zviv Avgv‡K gvi‡Z wb‡q G‡m‡Qv! Zywg _vK‡Z Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ci Pviw`‡K ZvwK‡q ‡`Ljvg| eyS‡Z cvijvg bv ‡Kv_vq
Avgv‡`i mevB‡K wb‡q Zyjj| Zv‡`i nvefve, wdmwdm K‡i ‡dj‡e! Avd‡mvm| ivB‡djavix ‡jvKwU ‡Kvb K_v bv e‡j G‡mwQ| MÖv‡gi Avfvm ‡hw`‡K ‡cjvg ‡mw`K cv‡b GwM‡q
K_vevZ©v ï‡b g‡b n‡jv- Avi i¶v bvB| evm ‡Q‡o w`j, P‡j ‡Mj| Pjjvg|
ev‡mi me KwU Rvbvjv DVv‡bv| eyS‡Z cvijvg, Avgv‡`i LvwbKci ïbjvg Kviv ‡hb Avgv‡K WvK‡Q| cÖ_‡g fq
‡Kv_vq wb‡q hvIqv n‡”Q| wKQy¶Y ci evm G‡m _vgj Gw`‡K ‡eq‡bU w`‡q Rj¬v‡`i `j Zv‡`i nZ¨vjxjv ïi“ K‡i ‡c‡jI c‡i eySjvg Giv MÖvgevmx| Zv‡`i me ejjvg|
KZ¸‡jv N‡ii cv‡k| N‡ii `iRv ‡ek eo eo Ges w`‡q‡Q| Qyo‡Q ¸wj| Pviw`‡K AvZ©wPZKvi, gv‡S gv‡S eUMv‡Qi weeiY w`‡Z Zviv ejj- IUv iv‡qi evRvi Nv‡Ui
‡KvbvKywb jvwV w`‡q AvUKv‡bv| wKš‘ Zviv Avgv‡`i N‡i bv Rj¬v`‡`i ‡KD wPrKvi K‡i e‡j DV‡Q- kvjv‡`i LZg K‡i eUMvQ| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K c‡i Avwg AvwUi evRv‡i gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri
XywK‡q a‡i wb‡q Pjj| ‡KŠk‡j ‡Pv‡Li evuab AvjMv ivLvi ‡dj| me e¨vUv‡`i LZg K‡i ‡dje| gv‡S gv‡S ‡f‡m KgvÛv‡ii mv‡_ ‡`Lv Kwi| wZwb Avgvi _vKv LvIqvi e¨e¯’v
my‡hvM n‡jv e‡j ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg mvg‡b weivU GK eUMvQ, Avm‡Q AvZ©wPrKv‡ii m‡½ ‰ckvwPK nvwm| Ggb bviKxq Ki‡jb| `yÕw`b ci wd‡i Gjvg ¯^vaxb evsjvi ivRavbx‡Z|
Zvi m¤§y‡L GKwU weivU wej, gv‡S gv‡S ‡Kv_vI cyKy‡ii ZvÛejxjvi g‡a¨ Avwg RxebcY K‡i Avgvi nv‡Zi evuab ZL‡bv eywSwb, GL‡bv eyS‡Z Kó n‡”Q ‡h wbwðZ g…Z¨yi nvZ
gZ i‡q‡Q| eUMv‡Qi Av‡iv Kv‡Q wM‡q ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg 130 Ly‡j ‡djjvg| Avgvi mvg‡bi cÖvq wZwikRb‡K ZZ¶‡Y ‡_‡K mwZ¨ wKfv‡e Avj¬vn Avgv‡K evuwP‡q‡Qb|
78
m~wPcÎ |
f~wgKv
79
m~wPcÎ |
gyLeÜ K…ZÁZv
G‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi m~Îcv‡Zi mwVK mgq wb‡q ‡Kv‡bv welq m¤ú‡K© Rvbv n‡”Q GK e¨vcvi| Avi Zv wb‡q ‡jLv Av‡iK e¨vcvi- Avevi ZvI hw` nq ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i g‡Zv
we‡klÁ‡`i g‡a¨ gZcv_©K¨ Av‡Q| e…wUk kvmbvg‡j G‡`‡ki me©e¨vcK GK cUf~wg| A‡bKw`b ‡_‡KB g‡bi ‡fZi GKUv B”Qv¼yi myß wQj ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi g‡Zv GKUv welqe¯‘
gyw³i ¯^cœ hviv ‡`‡LwQ‡jb, ev cvK-fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡ki wb‡q hw` ‡jLv hvq, cyuwR wQj hy×Kvj Ges Zvi Aee¨wnZ c‡ii wewfbœ c¯—Kvw` I cwÎKvš—‡i cÖKvwkZ wbeÜmg~‡ni
ev‡UvqvivDËiKv‡ji ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i GB ‡jLvi MwÛ‡Z e¨w³MZ Wv‡qwii wjwce× Askwe‡kl Ges hy‡×vËi ‰`wbK c~e©‡`k, B‡ËdvK, msev` I ‰`wbK evsjvi ‡ccvi KvwUs|
Avbv nqwb| we‡klfv‡e, 'hv‡`i i‡³ gy³ G ‡`k' ej‡Z Avwg cy‡iv GKUv myU‡Km fwZ© n‡q wM‡qwQj KvuPvgv‡j| GRb¨ Avwg G cwÎKv¸‡jvi Kv‡Q K…ZÁZvcv‡k Ave×|
1971 mv‡ji ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i K_vB ej‡Z ‡P‡qwQ| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i BwZnvm wKsev NUbvejxi BwZe…Ë n‡”Q GKwU wekvj Ges e¨vcK welq| we‡kl K‡ZK GjvKv Ges
evsjv‡`k AvR ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóÖ| evsjv‡`k AvR GK ev¯— Ae¯’v‡b ‡_‡K hy‡×i wUDwbs m¤ú‡K© cy‡ivgvÎvq aviYv Kiv my¯úó Kvi‡YB KóKi e¨vcvi| ZeyI g‡b Kwi, Avš—wiKZv
e mZ¨| ivR‰bwZK ‡cÖ¶vc‡U G‡Z mgv‡jvPbvi AeKvk I ch©‡e¶Y ¶gZv hw` ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ m¤úK© hy³ nq, Zvn‡j we›`yi g‡a¨I mgy`Ö`k©b Kiv ‡Zgb `yiwZKªg¨ evav bq|
_vK‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ Gi Aw¯—‡Z¡ wek¦vm-Awek¦v‡mi cÖkœ m¤ú~Y© G ai‡bi Abyf~wZ wb‡qB G MÖš’ iPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡iwQjvg|
Aevš—i| ‡KD GB mZ¨‡K ¯^xKvi Ki“K ev bv Ki“K Zv‡Z wKš‘ 'hv‡`i i‡³ gy³ G‡`k' ‡jLvi ¯^cœ ‡Kv‡bvw`b ev¯—‡e iƒc wbZ bv hw` bv eÜyei wmwÏKyi ingvb evievi we‡klfv‡e
evsjv‡`‡ki wKQyB hvq Av‡m bv| A‡bK i‡³i wewbg‡q G ZvMv`v w`‡Zb Ges Drmvn ‡hvMv‡Zb| GgbwK Zvi ¯¿x, hv‡K Avcv WvwK, wZwbI Avgv‡K A‡bK Drmvn hywM‡q‡Qb|
¯^vaxbZv AwR©Z n‡q‡Q| RvZxqZv‡ev‡a AbycÖvwYZ n‡q evsjvi
A‡bK eB ‡_‡K Avgv‡K Z_¨wbf©i mvnvh¨ wb‡Z n‡q‡Q| ‡hgb, 1. Avwg weRq ‡`‡LwQ- Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj| 2.
Zi“Yiv gyw³hy‡× ‡hfv‡e Suvwc‡q c‡owQj, iYv½‡b ‡h A`g¨
GKvˇii iYv½b- kvgmyj û`v ‡PŠayix| 3. ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö- ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§` 4. evsjv‡`k ‡R‡bvmvBW A¨vÛ
‡kŠh¨©, exh¨©, mvnm I cÖMvp AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi cwiPq w`‡qwQj Zvi
Iqvì© ‡cÖm- dRjyj Kv‡`i Kv‡`ix| 5. ¯^vaxbZv '71 (cÖ_g I wØZxq LÊ)- Kv‡`i wmwÏKx| 6. eÜy‡`i fywj bvB- wmwÏKyi
`…óvš— c…w_exi gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m ‡gjv fvi|
ingvb| GQvov Av‡iv A‡b‡KB Av‡Qb, hv‡`i mn‡hvwMZv I c…ô‡cvlKZv bv ‡c‡j Gi cÖKvk Av‡`Š m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| Zv‡`i
‡`‡ki ‡fZi I evB‡ii cÖej kw³i wei“‡× cÖPyi evavwecwË
AwZKªg K‡i, wbijm msMÖvg Ki‡Z n‡qwQj G‡`‡ki mevi cÖwZ iBj Avgvi Avš—wiK K…ZÁZv|
¯^vaxbZvKvgx Zi“Y‡`i| ‡mw`‡bi we‡ivax kw³eM© AvRI cwi‡k‡l hvi AK…cY nv‡Zi mck© I gy‡Li nvwm Avgvi GB ‡jLbxi aYvZ¥K cÖfve, ‡mB f`Ögwnjv gv‡b Avgvi ¯¿x Lyikx`
mwKªq ‡`k I RvwZi wei“‡×| ‡mw`‡bi me©bvkv cwiKíbvi Rvnv‡bi cÖwZI Avwg we‡klfv‡e FYx| Awb”QvK…Z fyjΓwUi Rb¨ mK‡ji Kv‡Q ¶gvcÖv_x©, we‡kl wKQy Kvi‡Y wKQy wKQy
bxjb·v ev¯—evq‡bi e¨_© cÖ‡Póv AvRI Zviv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| Z_¨ mwVKfv‡e wbY©q (Kªm‡PwKs) nqwb| GRb¨ LyeB `ytwLZ| G ‡jLv hw` Kv‡iv fv‡jv jv‡M Ges Gi gva¨‡g GKRb
wKš‘ `k ‡KvwU evOvjxi AvZ¥Z¨vM I GK mvMi i‡³i wewbg‡q cvV‡Ki g‡bI hw` ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gyj¨‡eva Qvqv ‡dj‡Z m¶g nq, Zvn‡j Avgvi cwikÖg mv_©K n‡q‡Q e‡j AvZ¥cÖmv`
‡h ¯^vaxbZv m~‡h©i D`q, Zv GK wb‡g‡l gy‡Q hvevi Rb¨ Abyfe Kie|
Av‡mwb| hviv ZLb cÖZ¨¶fv‡e ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi wei“×vPviY webxZ
K‡iwQj, ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi m~`xN©Kvj c‡iI Zv‡K ev¯—emZ¨ Wv. ‡gvnv¤§` kwdKyi ingvb
e‡j ‡g‡b wb‡Z cv‡iwb| G‡`i‡K evsjvi Avevje…×ewYZv
fv‡jvfv‡eB ‡P‡b| i‡³i wewbg‡q AwR©Z G ¯^vaxbZvi cÖwZ
‡Kv‡bv ûgwKi m¤¢vebv ‡`Lv w`‡j, G RvwZ AveviI RxebevwR h¶v nvmcvZvj wQj cvK evwnbxi 40-wdì A¨v¤^y‡j‡Ýi NuvwU| K¬vB‡fi Bs‡iR evwnbxi m‡½ giYcY hy‡× ‡mbvcwZ gxi
‡i‡L Zv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡e| Rvdi Avwj Lvu I Zvi AbyPi‡`i wek¦vmNvZKZvq evsjvi ‡kl
¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi mgq hviv ‡`‡ki evB‡i wQ‡jb, ¯^vfvweK ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi cUf~wg ¯^vaxb beve wmivRD‡ÏŠjv ‡kvPbxqfv‡e civwRZ nb| Avi
Kvi‡YB Zviv ‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i Kx NU‡Q Zv cy‡ivcywi Rv‡bb Gi mv‡_B evsjvi fvM¨vKv‡k evOvjxi ¯^vaxbZvi m~h© wPiZ‡i
bv| Avi hviv ‡`‡ki ‡fZi wQ‡jb, ZvivI cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y ¯^vaxbZv gvby‡li Rb¥MZ AwaKvi| G‡`‡ki ¯^vaxKvi BwZnvm A¯—wgZ n‡q hvq| cieZ©xKv‡ji BwZnvm we‡`kx Bs‡iR
‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ As‡k Kx NU‡Q Zvi mewKQy Rvb‡Z cv‡ibwb| ch©v‡jvPbv we‡k¬l‡Y GUvB mywbw`©óiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb n‡q‡Q ‡h, kvmK‡`i AwePvi, AbvPvi, wbh©vZb, Kykvmb, ‡kvlY I
Avwg e¨w³MZfv‡e G e¨vcv‡i mwKªq I m‡Pó wQjvg| ZvB evOvjxi fvM¨cwiKªgv ivR‰bwZKfv‡e wPiw`b Nwoi KvuUvi eÂbvi wbg©g BwZnvm| wKš‘ evOvjxiv KL‡bvB GB
mgKvjxb AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K wKQyUv mg¨K aviYv ‡`Iqvi D‡ëvw`‡K Ny‡i‡Q| fvM¨ wech©q evievi `vm‡Z¡i AvKv‡i Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb I ‡kvlY mn‡R gv_v ‡c‡Z ‡bqwb| Zv‡`i
‡Póv Kie 'hv‡`i i‡³ gy³ G ‡`k', Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K©| Avwg Zv‡`i jjvUwjLb n‡q Avwef©~Z n‡q‡Q| evOvjxiv GB ¯^vaxbZvi ‡mŠfvM¨ m~h¨©‡K wQwb‡q Avbvi wbijm cÖ‡Póv,
ZLb Z`vwbš—b eÖv¶Yevwoqv gnKygvi h²v wK¬wbK I wewawjwc‡K Awb”Qv m‡Z¡I A‡gvN mZ¨ wn‡m‡e ‡g‡b wb‡Z wbiew”Qbœ I cÖMvp AvZ¥Z¨vM `y‡kv eQ‡iiI ‡ewk mgq Kv‡ji
nvmcvZv‡ji fvicÖvß ‡gwW‡Kj Awdmvi, Avi eÖv¶Yevwoqv eva¨ n‡q‡Q| 1957 mv‡ji 23 Ryb cjvkxi AvgÖKvb‡b jW© BwZnv‡mi ey‡K mv¶x n‡q we`¨gvb| hLwb my‡hvM ‡c‡q‡Q
80
m~wPcÎ |
evOvjxiv GB kvmb I ‡kvl‡Yi wei“‡× cÖwZev‡`i So n‡q DVj ivRc_| ZrKvjxb cÖavbgš¿x byi“j Avwg‡bi ûKy‡g cÖ‡`‡ki wewfbœ ‡Rjvq Av‡›`vjb Qwo‡q
Zy‡j‡Q| KL‡bvev GB Am‡š—vl we‡¶v‡fi iƒc wb‡q‡Q| jW© cywjk QvÎ-RbZvi Ici ¸wj Pvjvj| XvKvi ivRc_ iwÄZ coj| ‡mw`b PÆMÖv‡g ‡mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z
Wvj‡nŠwm P‡j hvevi ci jW© K¨vwbs 1856 mv‡j G‡`‡ki n‡jv knx` mvjvg-ReŸvi-iwdK-eiKZ cÖgyL QvÎ RbZvi wbn‡Zi msL¨v `vuovj `y'k evBk (222)| h‡kv‡i
Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij n‡q G‡jb| Avi ZLbB Bs‡iR kvm‡bi ey‡Ki i‡³| c…w_exi BwZnv‡m gvZ…fvlvi Rb¨ GB cÖ_g cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z knx` n‡jb GKRb, iscyi I ivRkvnx‡ZI
wei“‡× G Dcgnv‡`‡ki me©Î cywÄf~Z ‡¶vf cÖwZev`x iƒc i³`vb| Zv‡`i GB AvZ¥vûwZ evOvjxi ¯^vaxKvi Av‡›`vjb‡K KviwdD ejeZ Kiv n‡jv| bvivqbMÄ kn‡i GK weivU
cvq| 1857 mv‡j RbZvi GB Am‡š—vl wmcvnx we‡`Öv‡ni Av‡iv GwM‡q wb‡q ‡Mj| ‡`ke¨vcx ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, Rbmfv Av‡qvwRZ nq| mfv ‡k‡l ‡ei“j wekvj GK Rw½ jvwV
AvKv‡i AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i| we‡`kx Bs‡iR kvm‡Ki wei“‡× mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡jv| 1954 mv‡j wgwQj| ‡mw`b XvKvq wkíx I mvwnwZ¨K‡`i GK mfv AbywôZ
¯^vaxbZvKvgx RbZvi GUvB G‡`‡ki BwZnv‡m cÖ_g mk¯¿ mvaviY wbe©vPb n‡jv| Gj 92-K aviv, 1956 mv‡j cvwK¯— n‡jv| Zviv ¯^vaxbZv Av`v‡qi Rb¨ me©vZ¥K msMÖv‡gi kc_
msMÖvg| we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv GB eB‡qi K‡jei eûjvsk e…w×i v‡bi kvmbZš¿ iwPZ n‡jv| ‡mBm‡½ ïi“ n‡jv ¯^vqZ¡ kvm‡bi wb‡jb| Zv‡`i ‡k¬vMvb n‡jv, '‡jL‡Ki ‡jLbx n‡e msMÖv‡gi
m¤¢vebv, hv Abvn~Z I Abwf‡cÖZ| ms‡¶‡c ej‡j Gici `vwe| 1958 mv‡j AvBqye Lvb mvgwiK AvBb Rvwi Ki‡jb| nvwZqvi'| GQvov Av‡iv A‡bK mfv ‡kvfvhvÎv I gkvj wgwQj
evsjvi my‡hvM¨ mš—vb wZZygxi I kixqZyj¬vn cÖg~‡Li cÖwZ‡iva 1962 mv‡j nvwg`yi ingv‡bi KyL¨vZ wk¶vKwgkb wi‡cvU©‡K n‡jv| G MYRvMiY‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ wbôyi I `ya©l©
msMÖvg, PÆMÖv‡gi AwMœcyi“l gv÷vi`v m~h©‡mb, Kíbv `Ë I wN‡i wk¶vbxwZ we‡ivax QvÎ Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡jv| Avwg ZLb ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb bZyb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK I Mfb©i
evNv hwZb cÖgy‡Li mk¯¿ cÖwZev`| cvkvcvwk P‡j gymwjg wjM XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡j‡Ri ‡kl e‡l©i QvÎ| wn‡m‡e 5 gvP© XvKvq Av‡mb| wKš‘ 7 gvP© '71 nvB‡Kv‡U©i
I fviZxq Ks‡MÖ‡mi ivR‰bwZK cÖ‡Póv Ges gnvZ¥v MvÜxi ZrKvjxb cÖavb wePvicwZ wmsnü`q Rbve we, G, wmwÏKx
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb ïi“ nq| gv‡P©i DËvj w`b¸‡jv ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi Mfb©i c‡` env‡ji kc_ MÖnY Abyôvb
1947 mv‡ji 14 AvM÷ weÖwUk miKvi wØ-RvwZ wfwËK cwiPvjbvq A¯^xK…wZ Rvwb‡q BwZnv‡mi cvZvq exi evOvjxi
cwiKíbvq fviZel©‡K wØLwÛZ K‡i cvwK¯—vb I wn›`y¯—vb bv‡g 4 gvP© cÖ‡`ke¨vcx mKj miKvwi I ‡emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡b c~Y© `ytmvnwmKZvi `…óvš— ‡i‡L ‡M‡jb|
`y‡Uv ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg iv‡óÖi Rb¥ ‡`q| gymwjg niZvj cvwjZ nq| GBw`b KivwP‡Z Gqvi gvk©vj (Ae)
msL¨vMwiôZvi Rb¨ fviZe‡l©i c~e© I cwðg Gi `y‡Uv Ask AvmMi Lvb ej‡jb, 'ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi ‡cÖ¶vc‡U G gyn~‡Z© XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgveZ©b Drm‡e Mfb©i ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi
wb‡q MwVZ nq cvwK¯—vb| c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ `~iZ¡ msL¨vMwiô `‡ji Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i K‡i ‡`‡ki msnwZ i¶v wei“‡× QvÎ we‡¶vf ‡`Lv w`j 1964 mv‡j| 1966 mv‡j ‡kL
nq cÖvq ‡`o nvRvi gvB‡ji g‡Zv| ¯^vaxb n‡qI c~e© cvwK¯—vb Kiv Acwinvh¨©|' ‡Kv‡qUvi b¨vc ‡bZv Lvb Iqvjx Lvb ej‡jb, gywRei ingvb ïi“ Ki‡jb Zvi HwZnvwmK Q'`dv Av‡›`vjb|
ax‡i ax‡i cwðgvs‡ki K‡jvbx n‡q DVj, GLvbKvi evOvjxiv 'RvZxq cwil‡`i cÖ¯—vweZ Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ 1966 mv‡ji 8‡g K‡qKRb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZvmn ‡kL
Av‡Mi g‡ZvB i‡q ‡Mj| Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK I ‡NvlYv AMYZvwš¿K I AevwÃZ| jv‡nv‡i Rbve gvwjK ‡mvjvg gywRei ingvb‡K e›`x Kiv nq| ‡m eQi 13‡g I 7 Ryb
mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi ‡Kv‡bv cwieZ©b n‡jv bv| wRjvbx ‡NvlYv Ki‡jb, 'GLb Avgiv Ggb GK cwiw¯’wZi h_vKª‡g AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv‡`i gyw³i `vwe‡Z I Q'`dvi
¯^vaxbZvi GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨B AvNvZ Gj evOvjxi fvlv I m¤§yLxb n‡qwQ, hLb cvwK¯—vb‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡j Awej‡¤^ mc‡¶ cÖ‡`ke¨vcx c~Y© niZvj cvwjZ nq| wgwQ‡ji Ici
ms¯‹…wZi Ici| 1948 mv‡ji 21 gvP© XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© msL¨v¸i“ `‡ji nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Qvov Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv Dcvq cywjk I BwcAvi evwnbx ‡ec‡ivqv ¸wj Pvjvq| XvKvmn
gq`v‡bi wekvj Rbmfvq cvwK¯—v‡bi RbK I Mfb©i ‡Rbv‡ij ‡bB|' cÖ‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b eû ‡jvK nZvnZ nq|
‡gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn ‡NvlYv Ki‡jb D`©y Ges D`y©B n‡e 5 gvP© mg¯— cÖ‡`ke¨vcx ‡kL gywR‡ei AvnŸv‡b niZvj cvwjZ
cvwK¯—v‡bi GKgvÎ ivóÖfvlv| H gv‡mi 24 ZvwiL XvKv n‡jv| mvsevw`K ms¯’v msnwZ Rvwb‡q mfv I ‡kvfvhvÎv Q'`dv I AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi KvR©b n‡j AbywôZ mgveZ©b Abyôv‡b wRbœvn Ki‡jb| evsjv GKv‡Wwg‡Z wkíx‡`i mfv n‡jv| Zviv
mv‡ne GKB Dw³ K‡ib| evOvjxiv ey‡S wbj cvwK¯—vb m…wói Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ c~Y© mg_©b cÖKvk Ki‡jb| c~e© cvwK¯—vb QvÎ 7Ryb 1968 mv‡j ‡Rj ‡_‡K gyw³i ci ‡kL gywRei ingvb‡K
m‡½ ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi mgvwß N‡Uwb| eis bZyb fv‡e ïi“ BDwbqb mfv Kij knx` wgbv‡i, Zviv AvgiY msMÖv‡gi kc_ AvMiZjv gvgjvi Avmvgx wn‡m‡e ‡Rj‡MU ‡_‡KB cybivq
n‡jv| Hw`b G‡`‡ki QvÎ mgvR cÖwZev‡`i So ‡Zv‡j| MÖnY Ki‡jb| e›`x Kiv nq| 1969 mv‡ji 15 ‡deÖyqvwi AvMiZjv lohš¿
1949 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q 4_© ‡kÖYx Kg©Pvix‡`i ag©NU Ggwbfv‡e i‡³i c_ a‡i GwM‡q Pjj DËß gvP©| ïi“ n‡jv gvgjvi Ab¨Zg Avmvwg mv‡R©›U Rûi“j nK‡K ‡RjnvR‡ZB
ïi“ n‡jv| w`bvRcyi I ivRkvnx‡Z QvÎ we‡¶vf ‡`Lv w`j| me©vZ¥K msMÖvg, Avi Gi cÂg w`‡b U½x‡Z kÖwgK-RbZvi wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| ee©i cvK`my¨iv ivRkvnx
1951 mv‡j wjqvKZ Avjx Lv‡bi msweavb m¤úwK©Z wi‡cv‡U©i wgwQ‡ji Ici ¸wj Pvjvq ee©i nvbv`viiv| G‡Z PviRb wbnZ wek¦we`¨vjq PZ¡‡i W±i kvgm& DR& ‡Rvnv‡K wbôyifv‡e ‡eq‡bU
wei“‡× RbMY cÖwZev`g~Li n‡q DVj| QvÎ-RbZv beD`¨‡g I 14 Rb AvnZ nq| ¸i“Zi AvnZ Ae¯’vq nvmcvZv‡j w`‡q LuywP‡q nZ¨v K‡i| ‰¯^ivPvix AvBqye kvnxi wei“‡× QvÎ-
Svwc‡q coj ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g| ïi“ n‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vjb| ‡bIqvi c‡_ gviv hvb iwdRDwÏb (35) I nvmcvZv‡j ‡kl RbZvi Av‡Kªvk I ‡¶vf GK fqven iƒc wbj| Zviv XvKvq
Gj Agi 21 ‡deÖyqvwi| QvÎRbZvi wgwQj Avi ‡k¬vMv‡b gyLi wbtk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib Ave`yj gwZb (30)| gwb©s wbDR I ‰`wbK cvwK¯—vb (c‡i ‰`wbK evsjv) Awdm
81
m~wPcÎ |
cywo‡q w`j| e¨vcK miKvix m¤úwË webó n‡jv| cÖ‡`ke¨vcx ‡jLv wee…wZ‡Z `~M©Z GjvKvq Zvi md‡ii AwfÁZv eY©bv ...1952 mv‡j Avgiv i³ w`‡qwQ| 1954 mv‡j
MYRvMi‡Yi ‡Rvqvi Gj, Dcvqvš—i bv ‡`‡L ‰¯^ivPvix K‡ib| ‡mLv‡b wZwb ‡K›`Öxq miKvi I cwðg cvwK¯—vbx wbe©vP‡b Rqjvf K‡iI Avgiv Mw`‡Z em‡Z cvwi-
kvmKPKª mvܨ AvBb Rvwi K‡i ‡mbvevwnbx Zje Kij| ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv‡`i c~e© evsjvi cÖwZ wegvZvm~jf AvPi‡Yi wb| 1958 mv‡j AvBDe Lvu gvk©vj 'j Rvwi K‡i 10 eQi
KviwdD AMÖvn¨ K‡i wgwQ‡ji ci wgwQj ‡ei“j| cÖej GB ZxeÖ mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib| wZwb Zv‡`i N…Y¨ Acivax I Avgv‡`i ‡Mvjvg K‡i ‡i‡L‡Q|...... ‡`‡L hvb Kxfv‡e Avgvi
we‡¶v‡fi gy‡L msMÖvgx RbZvi Kv‡Q bwZ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z eva¨ Dcwb‡ekev‡`i '‡PjvPvgyÊv' e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡ib| Mix‡ei Ici, Avgvi evsjvi gvby‡li Ici ¸wj Kiv n‡q‡Q|
n‡jv AvBqye miKvi, AvMiZjv lohš¿ gvgjv cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i Kxfv‡e Avgvi gv‡qi ‡Kvj Lvwj Kiv n‡q‡Q| wK K‡i gvbyl‡K
wb‡Z eva¨ n‡jv Zviv| '69 mv‡ji 22 ‡deÖyqvwi ‡kL gywRemn HwZnvwmK 7B gvP© nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvgwiK AvBb gvk©vj 'j DB_WÖ Ki‡Z
lohš¿ gvgjvi me Avmvwg‡KB gyw³ ‡`Iqv nq| ‡mw`b n‡e| mg¯— mvgwiK evwnbxi ‡jvK‡`i e¨viv‡K ‡diZ cvVv‡Z
we‡K‡j ‡im‡Kv‡m© (‡mvnivIqvw`© D`¨v‡b) GK weivU Rbmfvq 7 gvP© '71 mKv‡j ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi m‡½ Zvi evmfe‡b n‡e| Avi RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwai Kv‡Q ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Ki‡Z
fvlY ‡`b ‡kL gywRe| Gici wZwb I gIjvbv fvmvbx AvBqye cvwK¯—v‡b wbhy³ gvwK©b ivóÖ`~Z mv¶vZ K‡ib| G ‰eV‡K n‡e| Avi Zvici Avgiv we‡ePbv K‡i ‡`Le Avgiv
Lv‡bi cÖ¯—vweZ ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eV‡K ‡hvM`v‡bi Rb¨ ivóÖ`~Z Zvi miKv‡ii wm×v‡š—i K_v ‡kL gywRe‡K cwi®‹vi G‡m¤^wj‡Z em‡Z cvie Kxbv| Gi c~‡e© Avgiv G‡m¤^wj‡Z
ivIqvjwcwÛ Mgb K‡ib| RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Ævmn cwðg Rvwb‡q ‡`b, Zv n‡jv- 'c~e© evsjvi ¯^‡NvwlZ ¯^vaxbZv hy³ivóÖ em‡Z cvwi bv..... Avwg cÖavbgš¿xZ¡ PvB bv, ‡`‡ki gvby‡li
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ab¨vb¨ ‡bZvivI GB ‰eV‡K Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| KL‡bvB mg_©b Ki‡e bv| Gw`‡K XvKvi ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b AwaKvi PvB| Avwg cwi®‹vi A¶‡i e‡j w`evi PvB, AvR ‡_‡K
GLv‡b ‡kL gywRe Zvi HwZnvwmK 6 `dv cybivq DÌvcb (‡jv‡K ‡jvKviY¨) we‡Kj cÖvq mv‡o PviUvq e½eÜy g‡Â GB evsjv‡`‡k ‡KvU© KvPvwi, Av`vjZ, ‡dŠR`vix wk¶v
K‡ib| ‡KDB Zvi GB cÖ¯—ve gvbj bv| Ggwb K‡i AvBqye G‡jb| Zvi HwZnvwmK ‡mB e³…Zvi Ask we‡kl GLv‡b Zy‡j cÖwZôvb Awbw`©ó Kv‡ji Rb¨ eÜ _vK‡e|...... Gici hw`
Lv‡bi cÖ¯—vweZ ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eVK e¨_© n‡q hvq| aiwQ : GKUv ¸wjI P‡j, Gici hw` Avgvi ‡jvK‡`i nZ¨v Kiv nq,
Zvn‡j ‡Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ Aby‡iva iBj- cÖ‡Z¨K N‡i N‡i `~M©
‰¯^ivPvix Bqvwnqvi AvMgb M‡o ‡Zvj| ‡Zvgv‡`i hv wKQy Av‡Q ZvB wb‡q kÎyi ‡gvKv‡ejv
Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges Rxe‡bi Z‡i iv¯—vNvU me wKQy Avwg hw`
ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ mvgjv‡Z e¨_© n‡q ¶gZv ‡_‡K ‡b‡g hvb ûKyg w`evi bvI cvwi, ‡Zvgiv eÜ K‡i ‡`‡e| Avgiv fv‡Z
wdì gvk©vj AvBqye Lvb Avi m‡½ m‡½ Zvi RvqMv ‡bb Av‡iK gvie, Avgiv cvwb‡Z gvie| ‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i fvB- ‡Zvgiv
Rvš—v Bqvwnqv Lvb| ¶gZvq G‡mB mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi K‡ib e¨viv‡K _vK| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡KD wKQy ej‡e bv| wKš‘ Avi Avgvi
wZwb| RvwZi cÖwZ ‡`Iqv fvl‡Y Bqvwnqv Lvb 1970 mv‡j ey‡Ki Ici ¸wj Kievi ‡Póv K‡iv bv| mvZ ‡KvwU gvbyl‡K
‡`‡k mvaviY wbe©vPb I RbM‡bi wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwai nv‡Z `vev‡q ivL‡Z cviev bv|.....Ges ‡Zvgv‡`i hv wKQy Av‡Q Zv
¶gZv n¯—vš—‡ii cÖwZkÖ“wZ `vb K‡ib| wb‡q cÖ¯—yZ _vK| i³ hLb w`‡qwQ, i³ Av‡iv ‡`‡ev| GB
1970 mv‡ji 12 b‡f¤^i iv‡Î c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi `w¶Yv‡ji ‡`‡ki gvbyl‡K gy³ K‡i Qvoe BbkvAvj¬vn| Gev‡ii msMÖvg
Ici GK cÖjqKvix N~wY©So I me©bvkv mvgyw`ÖK R‡jv”Qvm Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg| Rq
AvNvZ nvbj| cÖK…wZi GB wbôyicbvq `k j¶ ‡jvK cÖvY evsjv|'
nvivq| ‡mB m‡½ M…nnxb nq Av‡iv wÎk jvL| G fqven (Avgvi ‡hvM : evev e³…Zvi nvBjvBU¸‡jv Zy‡j ai‡Qb|)
`y‡h©v‡Mi Lei ‡c‡q wek¦evmx KíbvZxZ ÎvY mieivn wb‡q GB Rbmfvq ‡kL gywRe e³…Zv `vbKv‡j Pvi `dv `vwei K_v
GwM‡q Gj| wKš‘ ‡K›`Öxq miKvi iBj m¤ú~Y© wbie `k©‡Ki DÌvcb K‡ib- 1. mvgwiK AvBb cÖZ¨vnvi| 2. ‡mbvevwnbxi
f~wgKvq| ‡KD mvgvb¨ mg‡e`bv ‡`Lv‡Z `~M©Z GjvKvq GKwU e¨viv‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b| 3. wbnZ‡`i Rb¨ ¶wZc~iY| 4.
‡mŠRb¨ mdi ch©š— Kij bv| gIjvbv fvmvbx Zvi wKQymsL¨K cÖwZwbwa‡`i nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i|
Kg©x wb‡q `~M©Z GjvKv cwi`k©b K‡ib Ges MVb K‡ib wiwjd ‡im‡Kv‡m© 7 gv‡P©i GB fvlY XvKv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K mivmwi
KwgwU| ‡kL gywRe `yM©Z GjvKvq GKbvMv‡o bqw`b Qy‡U m¤cÖPvi nevi K_v wQj| XvKv ‡eZv‡ii AvÂwjK cwiPvjK
‡eov‡jb| wZwb RbMY‡K mvš—¡bv I Kg©x‡`i gva¨‡g wiwjd Rbve AvkivdD¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Zvi cÖ¯—ywZI ‡bIqv
‡`Iqvi mva¨g‡Zv ‡Póv Pvjv‡jb| 26 b‡f¤^i XvKvq wd‡i n‡qwQj| wKš‘ mvgwiK Rvš—vi PKªv‡š— ‡mw`b Zv m¤cÖPvwiZ
wZwb ZrKvjxb kvnevM ‡nv‡U‡j cÖvq `y‡kv ‡`wk-we‡`kx nqwb| I-we wUg ‡Uc‡iKW©v‡i fvlYwU cy‡iv ‡Uc K‡i ‡bq|
mvsevw`K‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z GK msev` m‡¤§j‡b Bs‡iwR‡Z Rbve Avkivd ‡im‡Kvm© gq`vb ‡_‡K wd‡i ‡eZv‡ii me
82
m~wPcÎ |
Kvh©Kªg eÜ K‡i ‡`b Ges mevB‡K ‡ewi‡q hvIqvi wb‡`©k Rvbv‡jb| wZwb evsjv‡`‡k RvZxq miKvi MV‡bi `vex ‡Kv‡bv mn‡hvMx QvovB ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb
‡`b| d‡j 7 gvP© '71 XvKv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi Z…Zxq Awa‡ekb Zyj‡jb| `…ßK‡É ‡NvlYv w`‡jb, 'GKw`b fvi‡Zi ey‡K I ‡kL gywReyi ingvb 16 gvP© '71 cÖ_g `dv
cÖPvwiZ nqwb| ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb I Aj-BwÛqv ‡iwWIi MYnZ¨v Kwiqv, RvwjqvbIqvjvev‡Mi gg©vwš—K BwZnvm iPbv ‰eV‡K wgwjZ nb| c‡i G Av‡jvPbv gyjZex n‡q hvq|
BwZnv‡m GUvB cÖ_g Amn‡hv‡Mi NUbv| iv‡Zi g‡a¨B Kwiqv, AZ¨vPvi AwePv‡ii eb¨v envBqv w`qvI cÖej c‡i G Av‡jvPbv gyjZex n‡q hvq| 17 gvP© wØZxq `dv ‰eV‡K
e½eÜyi ‡iKW©K…Z fvlY cÖPv‡ii k‡Z© mg‡SvZv nq| ciw`b civKªgkvjx weÖwUk miKvi ‡kl i¶vq m¶g nq bvB| ‡kl `yc‡i civgk©`vZvivI ‡hvM w`‡jb| ‡cÖwm‡W›U fe‡b iv‡Z
8 gvP© mKvj mv‡o AvUUvq ‡iKW©K…Z cy‡iv fvlYwU XvKv ch©š— Zvnv‡`i ïf eyw×i D`q nBqv‡Q| cvK-fviZ Bqvwnqv I wU°v Lv‡bi msw¶ß ‰eVK nq| ivZ 10Uvq Mfb©i
‡eZvi ‡_‡K m¤cÖPvi Kiv nq| GKB m‡½ Zv m¤cÖPvwiZ nq Dcgnv‡`k‡K kÎy‡Z cwiYZ bv Kwiqv m¤úÖxwZ I ‡mŠnv‡`¨©i wU°v Lvb wRIwm ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij Lv‡`g ‡nv‡mb ivRv‡K ‡dv‡b
cÖ‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡KI| wKš‘ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi g‡a¨ mwiqv hvIqvB Zvnviv g½jKi g‡b Kwiqv‡Qb|...... evOvjx wbabh‡Ái bxj bKkv 'Acv‡ikb mvP©jvBU' ev¯—evq‡bi
‡Uwj‡dv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ GB e³…Zv cy‡ivUv wj‡L ‡bq| GB ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv‡KI ZvB ewj- A‡bK nBqv‡Q Avi bq| wb‡`©k ‡`b| 5 c…ôvi GB bxj bKkvq MYnZ¨vi we¯—vwiZ
AmvaviY KvRwU m¤¢e nq evZ©v m¤úv`K myjZvb Avjx, mn- wZ³Zv evovBqv Avi jvf bvB| 'jvKyg ØxbyKyg Iqvj Bqv Øxb, wb‡`©k wjwce× wQj|
m¤úv`K bRi“j Bmjvg I Abyôvb msMVK Avãyj nvwjg ‡Zvgvi ag© ‡Zvgvi, Avgvi ag© Avgvi'-Gi wbq‡g c~e© evsjvi Gw`‡K Bqvwnqv-gywRe Z…Zxq ‰eV‡K wgwjZ nb| Bqvwnqv GB
mi`v‡ii Amxg mvnwmKZvq| Zv‡`i exi‡Z¡ I mwKªq ¯^vaxbZv ¯^xKvi Kwiqv jI|.... gywR‡ei wb‡`©kg‡Zv AvMvgx ‰eV‡K djcÖm~ Av‡jvPbvi fvb Ki‡jI Av‡jvPbv `xN©vwqZ
mn‡hvwMZvq 7 gvP©B mܨv mv‡o QqUvq PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi 25 Zvwi‡Li g‡a¨ ‡Kv‡bv wKQy Kiv bv nB‡j Avwg ‡kL gywReyi nIqvq AvIqvgx wjM P~ovš— msMÖv‡gi cÖ¯—ywZ ‡bq| ïi“ n‡jv
¯’vbxq msev‡` c~Y© Z_¨weeiYx cÖPvwiZ nq| msev` cvVK ingv‡bi m‡½ wgwjqv 1952 mv‡ji b¨vq Zygyj Av‡›`vjb ïi“ cÖwZ‡iva Av‡›`vjb| 19 gvP© weÖ‡MwWqvi Rvnvb ‡Re Avieve
wQ‡jb e`i“j û`v ‡PŠayix| Kwie| LvgvLv ‡Kn gywRe‡K Awek¦vm Kwi‡eb bv| gywRe‡K Lvb cy‡iv GK e¨v‡Uwjq‡bi 72wU GjGgwc wb‡q MwVZ cvÄve
Avwg fv‡jv Kwiqv wPwb|' ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui GK ‡¯‹vqvW‡K ¯^qswKªq A‡¯¿ mw¾Z K‡i
7B gvP© '71i miKvix ‡cÖm‡bvU Rq‡`ecy‡i Gj| D‡Ïk¨ Rq‡`ecy‡i wØZxq B÷ ‡e½j
9gvP© '71 L›`Kvi bvRgyj Avjg‡K mfvcwZ K‡i PÆMÖvg ‡iwR‡g›U‡K wbi¯¿ Kiv, ‡mB m‡½ AW©b¨vÝ d¨v±wi ‡_‡K
'MZ GK mßv‡n cÖ‡`‡ki bvbv RvqMvq msN‡l© wbnZ nq 172 ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi msMÖvg KwgwU MwVZ nq| GB mwgwZ 11 gvP© m¤ú~Y© ‡Mvjvevi“` wb‡q hvIqv|
I AvnZ nq 358 Rb| PÆMÖvg, Lyjbv, iscyi, h‡kvi I me©m¤§wZ‡Z w¯’i K‡ib ‡h Awej‡¤^ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi Rq‡`ecy‡ii RbMY mvgwiK evwnbxi GB PKªvš— eyS‡Z ‡c‡i
ivRkvnx‡Z msNl© nq| 6 gvP© '71 XvKv ‡K›`Öxq KvivMvi ‡f‡O me©¯—‡i h_vm¤¢e evsjvfvlv Pvjy Kiv n‡e| Rq‡`ecyi-XvKv iv¯—vq cÖ_g e¨vwi‡KW w`‡q cÖ_g cÖwZ‡iva
K‡qw`iv cjvqb Kivi ‡Póv Ki‡j cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z 7 Rb GBw`b gIjvbv gydwZ gvngy‡`i mfvcwZ‡Z¡ cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi msMÖvg ïi“ K‡ib| GB e¨vwi‡KW miv‡bvi mgq mvgwiK evwn-
wbnZ nq| Lyjbv I h‡kv‡i RbZv ‰mb¨evnx ‡UÖb AvKªgY wbe©vwPZ msL¨vjNy `j¸‡jvi cÖwZwbwaiv GK mfvq wgwjZ nb| bxi m‡½ Zv‡`i msNl© nq| nvbv`viiv ¸wj Pvjv‡j `yRb
K‡i| ivRkvnx, Lyjbv I h‡kv‡i ‡Uwj‡dvb feb AvKªvš— nq| Zviv ‡kL gywR‡ei 4 `dv `vwei cÖwZ mg_©b Rvbvb Ges Rq‡`ecyievmx knx` I `yRb AvnZ nb| Rq‡`ecy‡i wØZxq
PÆMÖvg I ‰mq`cy‡i evOvjx I AevOvjx‡`i g‡a¨ `vi“Y msNl© miKvi MVb I msweavb cÖYq‡bi `vwqZ¡ msL¨vMwiô `‡ji B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‡m‡KÛ Bb KgvÛ ‡gRi kwdDj¬vn GB
nq| Gme Kvi‡Y kvwš— k…sLjv wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mvgwiK evwnbx ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K Ac©‡Yi cÖ¯—ve K‡ib| Zviv cÖwZ‡iva msMÖv‡g RbMY‡K cy‡iv mg_©b w`‡qwQ‡jb|
¸wjel©Y K‡i|' 7 gvP© iv‡ZB e½eÜy ‡kL gywRei ingvb `vwe Bqvwnqv-gywRe mivmwi ‰eV‡KiI `vwe Rvbvb| Rq‡`ecy‡i mvgwiK evwnbxi ¸wj el©‡Yi ZxeÖ wb›`v K‡i ‡kL
Av`vq bv nIqv ch©š— Awnsm Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi AvnŸvb gywRe Zvi wee…wZ‡Z e‡jb, 'Zviv (mvgwiK Rvš—v) hw` g‡b
Rvbv‡jb| GB g‡g© 10 `dv Kg©m~Px cÖKvwkZ nq| AvIqvgx 15 gvP© '71 RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv GK msev` m‡¤§j‡b K‡i _v‡K ey‡jU w`‡q RbM‡bi msMÖvg eÜ Kiv hv‡e, Zvn‡j
jx‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K Rbve ZvRDwÏb Avn‡g` Awnsm ej‡jb, 'wccjm cvwU© cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi msL¨v ¸i“| ZvB Zviv Avn¤§‡Ki ¯^‡M© evm Ki‡Q|' 19 gv‡P©i Bqvwnqv-gywRe
Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb‡K Ae¨vnZ ivLvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q Av‡iv ‡K‡›`Öi ¶gZv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b AvIqvgx wj‡Mi Kv‡Q Avi cwðg ‰eVK cÖvq 90 wgwbU ¯’vqx nq, c‡i mܨvq Zv‡`i
14 `dv Kg©m~Pxi K_v ‡NvlYv Ki‡jb| cvwK¯—v‡b wccjm cvwU©i Kv‡QB n¯—vš—i Ki‡Z n‡e|' GB `yB civgk©`vZviv Avjv`v ‰eV‡K e‡mb| 20 gvP© e‡m gywRe-
cvwK¯—v‡bi cÖ¯—v‡e cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡bZ…e…›` fy‡Ævi Dw³i Bqvwnqv PZy_© ‰eVK, hvi ‡kl w`‡K `ycy‡i civgk©`vZvivI
ZxeÖ cÖwZev` K‡ib| 15 gvP© ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb K‡Vvi bvbv e¨vcv‡i we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvq e‡mb|
gRjyg Rb‡bZv fvmvbx I 9 gvP© mvgwiK wbivcËvi g‡a¨ XvKvq Av‡mb| Ges 18 cvÄve Ab¨w`‡K G A‡ji MYnZ¨vi cwiKíbv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv P‡j
Bbd¨vw›Uª e¨v‡Uwjq‡bi Kov cÖnivq ¯’vbxq ‡cÖwm‡W›U nvD‡R d¬¨vM÷vd nvD‡R| ‡Rbv‡ij Avãyj nvwg` Lvb GB ‰eV‡K
GBiKg DËß cwiw¯’wZ‡Z 9 gvP© '71 XvKvi cë‡bi Rbmfvq
Dcw¯’Z nb| Avi m‡½ wQ‡jb ‡Rbv‡ij nvwg` Lvb, Lv‡`g ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb‡K MYnZ¨vi bxj bKkv 'Acv‡ikb
gRjyg Rb‡bZv gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx c~e© evsjvi
‡nv‡mb ivRv, wgVVv Lvb, cxiRv`v Igi, ‡Lv`v`v` Lvb cÖgyL mvP©jvBU' ev¯—evq‡bi meyR ms‡KZ ‡`b|
¯^vaxbZv I mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i j‡¶¨ cÖ‡`ke¨vcx msMÖv‡gi AvnŸvb
‡Rbv‡ijMY| 21 gvP© RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv XvKvq G‡m Bqvwnqv-gywRe
83
m~wPcÎ |
‰eV‡K mg‡SvZvi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| wZwb ej‡jb, mgm¨v mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ AvcÖvY ‡Póv Pvjvw”Q ZLb ¶gZvmxbiv AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mvaviY m¤úv`K ZvRDwÏb
mgvav‡b wÎ-c¶xq mg‡SvZv n‡Z n‡e| GB g‡g© 25 gvP© ch©š— kw³cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ ‡kl AvNvZ Avn‡g` e‡jwQ‡jb, 'Avi Av‡jvPbv bq, Gevi
Bqvwnqv, ‡kL gywRe I fy‡Ævi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv P‡j| wKš‘ cy‡iv nvb‡Q| ZvB Avwg ¶gZvmxb‡`i lohš¿Kvix gnj‡K Rvwb‡q my¯úó ‡NvlYv PvB|' RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Bqvwnqvi
e¨vcviUvB wQj Av‡jvPbvi bv‡g cÖnmb| GB `xN© Av‡jvPbv w`‡Z PvB ‡h. Avcbv‡`i lohš¿ mdj n‡Z cv‡i bv| mv‡o m‡½ GK Av‡jvPbvi ci msev` m‡¤§j‡b gš—e¨ Ki‡jb,
cwðgx mvgwiK evwnbx‡K RvnvR I wegvb‡hv‡M cwðg cvwK¯— mvZ ‡KvwU evOvjx Pig AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g Avcbv‡`i 'cwiw¯’wZ AZ¨š— Avk¼vRbK|'
vb ‡_‡K c~e© evsjvq cÖPyi A¯¿ I ‰mb¨ Avbvi my‡hvM K‡i lohš¿‡K cÖwZnZ Kivi j‡¶¨ HK¨e×fv‡e cÖ¯—yZ i‡q‡Qb| m‡¤§jb ‡k‡l mvsevw`K‡`i Kv‡Q e½eÜy Lei ï‡b LyeB wPwš—
‡`q| Avwg ee©iZv I ¸wjel©‡Yi ZxeÖ wb›`v KiwQ| Ges Gi Z n‡jb| wZwb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv‡`i m‡½ ‰eV‡K em‡jb|
23 gvP© '71 cvwK¯—vb w`em Dcj‡¶ ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv cÖwZev‡` 27 gvP© mgMÖ evsjv‡`k e¨vcx me©vZ¥K niZvj mevB Bqvwnqv-gywR‡ei ‰eV‡Ki e¨_©Zv m¤ú‡K© ‡R‡b ‡Mj|
ej‡jb, 'c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi a¨vb, aviYv I `vexi mgš^q ‡NvlYv KiwQ|' c‡i wZwb AvgiY msMÖvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ Lei Gj wKQy¶Y Av‡M Bqvwnqv Lvb ‡cÖwm‡W›U feb ‡_‡K
mvab K‡i GKUv m‡š—vlRbK wm×v‡š— ‡cŠQv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRbxq evsjvi QvÎ-RbZvi cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb| mv`v ‡cvlv‡K ‡ewi‡q wegvbe›`‡ii w`‡K ‡M‡Qb| wKQy¶Y
e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q|' GBw`b weKv‡j avbgwÛi 32 bs GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Bqvwnqv XvKv Z¨vM Ki‡jb| c‡iB GKwU ‡evwqs wegvb weKU k‡ã cwðgvKv‡k wgwj‡q
evmfe‡bi mvg‡b weivU GK Rbmgv‡e‡k ‡kL gywRe ej‡jb, ‡Mvc‡b XvKv Z¨v‡Mi Av‡M wZwb mvgwiK evwnbx‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q ‡Mj|
'Avgv‡`i `vwe Av`vq bv nIqv ch©š— msMÖvg Ae¨nZ _vK‡e|' ‡M‡jb ‡kL gywRe‡K e›`x K‡i wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨| Avi Nygš— PÆMÖvg ‡_‡K G mgq fqven GK Lei G‡m ‡cŠQj XvKvq|
24 gvP© mvivw`b a‡i wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ivR‰bwZK Av‡jvPbv wbi¯¿ evOvjx‡`i wbôyi I wbwe©Pvi nZ¨vi Rb¨ mvgwiK Rvš—v '‡mvqvZ' bv‡g cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K GKwU A¯¿ ‡evSvB RvnvR
AbywôZ n‡jv| 25 gvP© RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Zvi Zvi GB wb‡`©k A¶‡i A¶‡i cvjb K‡i‡Q| ‡bv½i K‡i‡Q PÆMÖvg e›`‡i, wKš‘ PÆMÖvgevmxiv H A¯¿ PÆjvi
civgk©`vZv‡`i wb‡q ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqvi m‡½ cÖvq 45 wgwbU gvwU‡Z ‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB bvgv‡Z ‡`‡e bv| Zviv PÆMÖv‡gi
Av‡jvPbvi ci mvsevw`K‡`i ej‡jb, 'AvIqvgx wjM ‡h ai‡bi 25 gvP© '71-Gi Kv‡jvivZ iv¯—vq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡i‡Q| IB cÖwZ‡iva fvO‡Z
kvmb e¨e¯’v PvB‡Q Zv‡K cÖK…Z ¯^vqZ¡kvmb ejv hvq bv| ‡mbvevwnbx Zv‡`i Ici Suvwc‡q c‡o‡Q|
I‡`i `vwe ¯^vqZ¡kvm‡bi `vwei PvB‡Z ‡ewk, mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i ‡`kevmx GgbwK wek¦evmxI cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb ivZ 8Uvi wKQy ‡ewk| e½eÜy Ab¨vb¨ ‡bZv‡`i m‡½ evB‡ii
KvQvKvwQ|' I c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi weRqx msL¨v¸i“ `‡ji ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi N‡i Av‡jvPbvq e¨¯—| K‡b©j (c‡i ‡Rbv‡ij) Imgvbx Ri“ix
‡kL gywRe 24 gvP© mKv‡jB eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb ‡h Bqvwnqv I ingv‡bi g‡a¨ mg‡SvZvi e¨vcv‡i wKQyUv Avkvev`x wQj| msev` wb‡q Dcw¯’Z n‡jb| e½eÜy Zvi m‡½I Av‡jvPbv
Zvi ga¨Kvi Av‡jvPbv e¨_© n‡q‡Q| ZvB IB w`b iv‡ZB wZwb Ki‡jb| BwZg‡a¨ evwo duvKv n‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| ivZ b'Uvi
PÆMÖv‡gi wmwÏKx‡K (AvIqvgx jxM †bZv Gg Avi wmwÏKx) w`‡K nvB‡KvU© ‡gvo I Ab¨vb¨ K‡qKwU ¯’vb ‡_‡K wew¶ß
‡Uwj‡dv‡b wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‡h ‡Kv‡bv ¸wji AvIqvR ‡f‡m AvmwQj| RbMY iv¯—vq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW
AvKªgY cÖwZnZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ _vK‡Z| 25 gvP© mܨvq GK m…wó Ki‡Q| mevi gy‡L GKUv K_v Qwo‡q coj- ‡mbvevwnbx
wee…wZ‡Z e½eÜy ej‡jb, '‡cÖwm‡W‡›Ui XvKvq AvMgb I ‡ewi‡q c‡o‡Q|
Av‡jvPbvi d‡j Rbg‡b G iKg GKUv aviYv n‡qwQj ‡h, ee©i nvbv`vi evwnbx b…ksm cvkweKZvq evOvjx‡`i Ici
‡`‡ki fqven cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© KZ…©c‡¶i ‡PZbvi D‡`ÖK Suvwc‡q coj 25 gv‡P©i GB iv‡Z| ïi“ n‡jv evsjvi ey‡K
n‡q‡Q| Ges ivR‰bwZKfv‡e Zvi mgvavb m¤¢e| A_P BwZnv‡mi wbôyiZg I RNb¨Zg Aa¨vq| me©vaywbK A‡¯¿
evsjv‡`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKvq mvgwiK ZrciZv ïi“ K‡i mw¾Z 96wU UÖvK‡evSvB ‰mb¨ XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U ‡_‡K kn‡i
cwiw¯’wZi Av‡iv AebwZ NUv‡bv n‡”Q| mgm¨vi ivR‰bwZK XyKj| Zv‡`i m‡½ wQj A‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj, gU©vi wdìMvb,
mgvavb Kiv n‡e e‡j ‡NvlYv w`‡q hLb ‡cÖwm‡W›U ‡Lv` XvKvq ‡gwkbMvb, jvBU †gwkbMvb, evRyKv BZ¨vw` me gviYv¯¿| m‡½
i‡q‡Qb, ZLb ‡`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKv ‡_‡K G ai‡Yi mvgwiK U¨v¼eni|
ZrciZvi Lei LyeB D‡ØMRbK| MZ mßv‡n Rq‡`ecy‡i ZLbI ev‡ivUv ev‡Rwb, nVvr iv‡Zi wb¯—äZv ‡f‡O M‡R© DVj
¸wjel©‡Yi ci iscyi, ‰mq`cyi cÖf…wZ GjvKvq mvܨ AvBb AmsL¨ ‡gwkbMvb| Av¸‡bi ‡jwjnvb wkLvq jvj n‡q DVj
Rvwi K‡i ee©i nvgjv Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q e‡j Lei cvIqv hv‡”Q| mviv AvKvk| ‡UÖmvi I g¨vM‡bwkqvg dvqv‡i Av‡jvwKZ n‡q
Gw`‡K PÆMÖv‡gI wbi¯¿ RbZvi Ici wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wjel©Y Kiv DVj iv‡Zi AÜKvi| nvbv`vi bicïiv U¨v¼ I ¯^qswKªq A¯¿
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XvKvi ew¯—‡Z ew¯—‡Z, nvnvKvi DVj N‡i N‡i| nvRvi nvRvi ivZ ev‡ivUvq cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv AZwK©‡Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q nvRvi Zv‡K ¯’vbvš—i Kiv nq| wZbw`b c‡i wegvb‡hv‡M
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iv¯—vq iv¯—vq R‡g DVj jv‡ki ¯—yc| Avgiv j‡o hvw”Q| Avgv‡`i mvnv‡h¨i cÖ‡qvRb, Ges Zv 26 gvP© ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv RvwZi D‡Ï‡k¨ fvlY w`‡jb,
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cÖwZ‡iv‡a| nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K ‡VKv‡Z iv¯—vq iv¯—vq M‡o DVj evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivóÖ e‡j ‡NvlYv KiwQ| ‡Zvgiv I RvZxq cwil‡`i ‰eV‡Ki Av‡MB gZv n¯—vš—‡ii `vwe
e¨vwi‡KW| nvbv`vi‡`i cÖwZ‡iva Kiv n‡jv ivRviev‡M, ‡Zvgv‡`i mg¯— kw³ w`‡q gvZ…f~wg‡K i¶v Ki| Avj¬vn Rvwb‡qwQj| Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv PjvKv‡j gywRe G g‡g©
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Kg©KZ©v, GmAvB, GGmAvB, nvwej`vi, my‡e`vi, bv‡qK I evwo ‡_‡K| wKš‘ wZwb ‡Kv_vI ‡M‡jb bv| ivZ 11Uvq bxj bv|... gywRe ‡h ‡NvlYvi cÖ¯—ve w`‡qwQj Zv GKwU dvu` Qvov
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eni Kvgvb DuwP‡q Xy‡K coj wek¦we`¨vjq K¨v¤úv‡m| weÖwUk mvnv‡h¨ Dwo‡q w`j| ivZ ‡`oUvq Zviv we`y¨rMwZ‡Z ‡kL Ab¨ Ask ‡_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i w`‡Z Pvq| gywRe
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Luyo‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡jv, evwK‡`i ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv n‡jv wbôy- ‡`vZjvq D‡V Kgv‡Ûviv ‡k‡Li ‡eWi“‡gi `iRv I Rvbvjvi Avgiv ei`vkZ Ki‡Z cvwi bv|....‡`‡ki GB fqven
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Zv‡`i‡KI ¸wj K‡i nvbv`viiv| GKRb QvÎ IB cvkweK _vgv‡Z ej‡jb| ‰mb¨iv ‡Lvjv ‡eq‡bU nv‡Z Ibv‡K PvR© ‡NvlYvi wm×vš— wb‡qwQ| Avi ivR‰bwZK `j wn‡m‡e AvIqvgx
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x n‡q AvnZ Ae¯’vq ‡eu‡P wQ‡jbÑ KvjxiÄb| Kivi Rb¨ Pviw`K ‡_‡K GwM‡q Gj| Ibvi Kv‡QB `vuov‡bv wjM‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wbwl× ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡jv| msev`c‡Îi Ici
Zvi Mjvi cvk w`‡q ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj ‡ewi‡q wM‡qwQj| GK Awdmvi e½eÜy‡K Rwo‡q ûKyg w`j, 'I‡K nZ¨v K‡iv c~Y© ‡mÝiwkc Av‡ivc Kiv n‡jv|'
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jvwd‡q Zv‡`i B¾Z I AveÖy evuPv‡jb| evwo| Awdmvi Zvi nvZ a‡i ivLv m‡Ë¡I ‰mb¨iv Zv‡K wb‡P Ges Gi g‡a¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K Av‡iv A¯¿ I ‰mb¨ G‡`‡k
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wjM ‡bZv‡K ‡Mvcb ¯’v‡b P‡j hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| wZwb ZvgvK wb‡q Avwm| bv n‡j Avgvi ¯¿x‡K Ime wb‡q Avm‡Z gv_vq Rj¬v` wU°v Lvb‡K MYnZ¨vi wb‡`©k w`‡q hvb hvIqvi
PÆMÖv‡gi AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv Rûi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayixmn cÖ‡`‡ki `vI| cvBc Avgv‡K m‡½ wb‡ZB n‡e|' mgq| 25 gvP© mܨvqB gywRe e‡jwQ‡jb, 'cvwK¯—v‡bi `yB
wewfbœ GjvKvq evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi wjwLZ evYx Gici Dwb N‡i G‡jb| Zvi ¯¿x ZLb `yB ‡Q‡j‡K wb‡q Ask‡K GKÎ ivLvi Rb¨ Avwg AvcÖvY ‡Póv K‡iwQ| wKš‘
Iq¨vi‡jm ‡hv‡M cvVv‡bvi e¨e¯’v K‡i ‡M‡jb| GB evYxi `vuwo‡q i‡q‡Qb, ‡QvU iv‡mj Nygv‡”Qb weQvbvq| ‡eMg gywRe Bqvwnqv Lvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ mvgwiK A¨vKkb‡K ‡e‡Q
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'evOvjx fvB‡evb‡`i Kv‡Q Ges wek¦evmxi Kv‡Q Avgvi K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvq wb‡q hvIqv nq- iv‡Z ivLv n‡jv Av`gRx evsjv‡`‡ki|'
85
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K‡i| Zviv Wt ‡R¨vwZg©q ¸nVvKyiZvi d¬¨v‡U Xy‡K Zv‡K a‡i wKQyB ev` hvqwb| BKevj n‡ji Zi“YivI
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Zvi ‡Q‡j, Zvi fv‡Mœ I GKRb cÖwZ‡ekx hyeK‡K a‡i Av‡b_ R¡j‡Q G‡m¤^wj nj (cyivZb), cvVvMvi I cv‡ki ew¯—
KvjyiNv‡U ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ¯’vwcZ nq PÆMÖvg wmwoi wb‡P wb‡q cici AvUwU ¸wj K‡i| ‡R¨vwZ©gq | cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L mn‡R n‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv ‡c‡i U¨v¼
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B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui mnvqZvq| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii 10 aivawi K‡i Zv‡K N‡i wb‡q hvIqv nq| 27 gvP© mKvj ch©š— ‡ij mo‡Ki ew¯—evmxiv f‡q n‡ji wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ `‡j
Rb mve©¶wYK msMVK wQ‡jb Rbve ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§` (PÆMÖvg Zvi i³¶iY nw”Qj| Zv‡K ZLb wb‡q hvIqv nq XvKv `‡j cuvwPj wWwO‡q ‡fZ‡i Gj| gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ Zviv mevB
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cÖ‡hvRK), ‰mq` Ave`ym kv‡Ki (‡eZvi cÖ‡KŠkjx), Avwgbyi gvP© cvKevwnbx XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ÷vd ‡KvqvU©v‡ii 12 b¤^i BKevj n‡ji Pviw`‡K ZLb jv‡ki ¯—yc|
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wQ‡jb Aveyj Kv‡kg m›`xc, Wvt gbRyjv Av‡bvqvi, Wvt ‰mq` ‡MÖ‡bW, Av¸b ‡evgv, PvBwbR Av‡Uv‡gwUK ivB‡dj, ‡gwkbMvb AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨ nvbv`viiv Qv·`i a‡i G‡b KvD‡K ‡e`g
Av‡bvqvi Avjx, BwÄwbqvi AvwkKyj Bmjvg, BwÄwbqvi w`jxc ‡cUv‡jv, KvD‡K mivmwi ¸wj Kij| 26 gv‡P©i mKv‡j ¸wji
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mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb Wvt ‡gvnv¤§` kwd, wZbRb‡K `vuo Kwi‡q eÖvkdvqvi K‡i, Gici i“‡g GKUv
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(‡eZvi cÖ‡KŠkjx), Rbve ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb (‡eZvi A‡jŠwKKfv‡e ‡eu‡P hvb| ‡kl iv‡Z nwini ‡nv‡÷‡ji
cÖ‡KŠkjx), Rbve gvngy` ‡nv‡mb, Rbve Avãym ïKyi, Rbve ‡iBbcvBc ‡e‡q wb‡P ‡b‡g nvgv¸uwo w`‡q wbKU¯’ cyKyi cv‡o
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we‡klfv‡e D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ ‡h PÆMÖvg ‡eZv‡ii mnKvix AvÂwjK mviv w`bivZ Gfv‡eB c‡o _v‡Kb wZwb| Zvi cv w`‡q ZLbI
cwiPvjK giûg Avãyj Kvnnv‡ii c‡iv¶ mg_©b I ï‡f”Qv bv i³ Si‡Q| 27 gvP© mKv‡j KviwdD Zy‡j ‡bqv n‡j GK
_vK‡j G wec¬ex ¯^vaxb ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö Av‡`Š cÖwZôv m¤¢e wQj mü`q ‡`vKvb`vi XvKv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvb
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fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv hv‡e bv| ïay GUyKy eje, GUv wQj w`Knviv nvbv`vi‡`i f‡q my‡ik `vm, iweb I mZ¨`vmmn cÖvq 25 Rb
evOvjx Avevje…×ewYZvi aÖyeZviv, Avkvi Av‡jv, c‡_i w`kvix, QvÎ n‡ji Qv‡` AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jb| nvbv`vi cïiv Zv‡`i
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jv‡M Wvb Kvu‡a| Zvi ¶Z¯’vb ‡_‡K Aweivg i³ S‡i hv‡”Q,
XvKvq MYnZ¨v Pvicv‡k Qwo‡q wQwU‡q 24 Rb m½xi jvk| Qv‡`i Ici cvwbi
U¨v¼, Zv‡Z Xy‡K co‡jb my‡ik| 26 gvP© ‡MvUv w`bivZ
XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ‡mLv‡bB wQ‡jb| 27 gvP© f‡q f‡q bvg‡jb| iv¯—vq cwigj
25 gvP© iv‡Z nvbv`vi evwnbx Aa¨vcK‡`i evm¯’vb ‡NivI ¸n Zv‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡q nvmcvZv‡j w`‡q Av‡mb|
86
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Zv‡`i w`‡q n‡ji wewfbœ K¶, Qv`, eviv›`v I wmwo ‡_‡K gvÎ 5 wgwb‡Ui Rb¨| GiciB wb¯—ä n‡q wM‡qwQj PÆMÖvg Bangladesh and take effective steps to
wew¶ß jvk¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i UÖv‡K Zyjj| Gici gv‡Vi ‡eZvi| g‡b n‡jv Bqvwnqvi ee©i evwnbx A‡¯¿i gy‡L ev½vjxi stop immediately the awful genocide that has
gvSLv‡b wekvj GK MZ© ‡Lvov‡bv nj IB 5 Rb‡K w`‡q jvk cÖwZev`x KÚ‡K ¯—ä K‡i w`j| Ggwb GK Amnbxq cwiw¯’wZi been carried on by the army of occupations from
Pvcv ‡`Iqvi Rb¨, c‡i M‡Z©i cv‡o `vuo Kwi‡q ¸wj Kiv n‡jv gv‡S nVvr mܨv 7Uv 40 wgwb‡U PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡Kvb GK Rv`yi Pakistan. The guiding principle of the new state will
Zv‡`i‡KI| ¸wji m‡½ mevB jywU‡q c‡o M‡Z©| nvbv`viiv ‡Qvuqvq Rxeš— n‡q DVj| GK ewjô ‡Z‡RvÏxß KÉ `…pZvi be first neutrality, second peace and third friendship
UÖv‡K ‡P‡c P‡j ‡Mj| nVvr GB jv‡ki ¯—yc ‡_‡K GKRb D‡V m‡½ ‡NvlYv Kij, '¯^vaxb evsjv wec¬ex ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K to all and enemity to now. May Allah help us. Joy
‡`Š‡o cvjv‡jb| fvM¨evbwUi bvg KvjxiÄb kxj- ¸wj Zvi ejwQ| bvmi“g wgbvj¬v‡n Iqv dvZûb Kvwig|' ‡NvlK wQ‡jb Bangla.
Mjv ‡f` K‡i P‡j hvq| PÆMÖvg dwUKQwo K‡j‡Ri fvBm wcÖwÝcvj Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg (Z‡e Avwg wb‡Ri Kv‡b ‡h ‡UcwU ï‡bwQ Zv‡Z wQj, i major
nvbv`viiv 26 gvP© ‡fv‡i nvDR wUDUi Aa¨vcK Aby‡”Qcvqb m›Øxc| Abyôv‡bi ïi“‡Z cweÎ ‡KviAvb cvV Ki‡jb PÆMÖvg zia, do here by declare the independence of
fÆvPvh©, QvÎ weavb ivq I Ab¨ GKRb‡K G‡b ‡e`g cÖnv‡ii ‡eZv‡ii Kwe I MxwZKvi Rbve Ave`ym mvjvg| c‡i e½eÜy Bangladesh on behalf of our great national leader,
ci ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| RMbœv_ n‡ji knx` wgbvi ‡Mvjvi KZ…©K ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Bs‡iwR n¨vÛwe‡ji e½vbyev` cvV Bongobondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, joy bangla. -
AvNv‡Z P~Y© n‡q ‡Mj| knx` wgbv‡ii ‡cQ‡b 100 dyU Ki‡jb Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg m›Øxc| ¯^vaxb evsjv wec¬ex ‡eZvi wcqvj)
ea¨f~wgi M‡Z©i gvwU ‡f` K‡i nv‡Zi cvÄv I cv‡qi AvOyj ‡K›`Ö PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNv‡U ¯’vcb Kiv nq| 27 gvP© ‡gRi wRqv
‡`Lv hv‡”Q| GB ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K fvlY ‡`b| wZwb ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e½vbyev` : Avgv‡`i gnvb ‡bZv, evsjv‡`‡ki GK”QÎ bvqK
n‡ji ‡KvqvU©v‡i _vK‡Zb wR,‡K bv_, iex›`Öbv_ ‡Nvl VvKyi ‡`kevmx‡K AskMÖn‡Yi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| 28 gvP© ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡kL gywRei ingv‡bi c‡¶ Avgiv GZØviv evsjv‡`‡ki
Ges c‡ik ej| Zv‡`i ‡KvqvU©v‡ii `iRv Rvbvjv me ‡Lvjv| ‡_‡K Zvi IB fvlY K¨v‡Þb kg‡mi gyweb ‡PŠayix mvivw`b ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv KiwQ| Ges ‡NvlYv KiwQ ‡h ‡kL gywReyi
Rbgvbe k~b¨ ‡`vZjv ‡_‡K cPv `yM©Ü ‡f‡m Avm‡Q| wmuwoi cvV K‡ib| ingv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ BwZg‡a¨ miKvi MwVZ n‡q‡Q| GZØviv
Ici ‡_‡K wbP ch©š— Pvc Pvc i³ RgvU evav| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi wØZxq Awa‡ek‡b e½eÜyi c¶ Av‡iv ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡”Q ‡h ‡kL gywReyi ingvbB ¯^vaxb
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Ab¨ nj¸‡jv‡ZI j¶ j¶ ¸wji AvIqvR Avi ‡_‡K ‡gRi wRqvi ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv wQj GK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© NUbv| mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡o mvZ‡KvwU gvby‡li wbe©vwPZ
Kvgv‡bi KvbdvUv MR©b ‡kvbv ‡Mj ‡mB Kvjiv‡Z| ivZ Rbve kvgmyj nK ‡PŠayixi 'gyw³hy‡× gywRe bMi' eBwU‡Z cÖwZwbwa‡`i GKgvÎ ‡bZv Ges Zvi ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb miKviB
12Uvi w`‡K Rbc_ I ew¯— GjvKvq Av¸b Avi Av¸b, m‡½ ‡gRi wRqvi ¯^K‡É ‡Uc ‡_‡K D×…Z Bs‡iwR fvlYwUi ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k iv‡óÖi RbM‡bi GKgvÎ ‰ea
e…wói g‡Zv ¸wj| L…óvb‡`i wMR©vi mvg‡b mvgwiK hvb I cÖwZwjwc I Zvi e½vbyev` ‡`Iqv Av‡Q| ‡NvlYvwU wb‡P Zy‡j miKvi, hv AvBbm¤§Z I wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ges
U¨v‡¼i NoNo AvIqvR| nvRv‡iv K‡Éi AvZ©bv`| m`iNvU ‡`Iqv n‡jv : hv c…w_exi me miKvi KZ…©K ¯^xK…wZ cvevi ‡hvM¨|
Uvwg©bv‡j ¸wji kã| ivZ 2Uvq KviwdD ‡`qv n‡jv| Bswjk the goverment of the sovereign state of Bangladesh, Kv‡RB Avwg Avgvi gnvb ‡bZv ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi c‡¶
‡ivW I ‡dÖÂ ‡iv‡Wi `ycv‡ki ‡KvwU ‡KvwU UvKvi Kv‡Vi on behalf of our great leader, the supreme com- c…w_exi me MYZvwš¿K ivóÖ, we‡kl K‡i e…nr kw³eM© I
KviLvbv I ‡gwkbcÎ ‡`L‡Z ‡`L‡Z QvB n‡q ‡Mj| `ycv‡ki mander of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, we cÖwZ‡ekx ivóÖmg~‡ni Kv‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki ‰ea miKv‡ii
evwYR¨ GjvKviI AmsL¨ ‡`vKvbcvU I evwYR¨‡K‡›`Öi ‡Kv‡bv hereby proclaim the independence of Bangladesh ¯^xK…wZ`vb I cvwK¯—v‡bi `Lj`vi evwnbx KZ…©K msNwUZ
wPý iBj bv| XvKv kni ZZ¶‡Y wb¯—ä GK ‡cÖZcyix| Gi and the goverment headed by Sheikh Mujibur fqven MYnZ¨v‡K Zvr¶wYKfv‡e eÜ Kivi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³
g‡a¨ XvKvi AevOvjx I wenvwiiv gvwj‡Uvjv, eveyevRvi, kvLvwi Rahman, the sole leader of the elected representa- e¨e¯’v ‡bIqvi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Rvbvw”Q| msL¨vMwiô RbM‡Yi
cwÆ, ZvuwZevRvi, myZvi bMi, ‡Mvcvj bMi cÖf…wZ GjvKvq tives of the seventy five million people of Bangladesh ‰eafv‡e wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwaeM©‡K wew”QbœZvev`x wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ Zvj wgwj‡q Pvjvj jyUcvU I nZ¨vKvÊ| is the only legitimate government of the people of the Kiv GKwU wbg©g Zvgvkv Ges m‡Z¨i ei‡Ljvc gvÎ, hvi Øviv
independent sovereign state of Bangladesh, which is Kv‡ivB weåvš— nIqv DwPZ bq| bZyb ivóÖ cwiPvjbvi bxwZ
‡eZv‡i ¯^vaxbZvi ‡NvlYv legally and constitutionally formed and is worthy of n‡e cÖ_g wbi‡c¶Zv, wØZxq kvwš— Ges Z…Zxq Kv‡iv m‡½
being recognized by all the goverments of the world. kÎyZv bq| Avj¬vn Avgv‡`i mnvq nDb, Rq evsjv| (Pj‡e)
25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jvivwÎi wZ³Zv I nZvkv‡K e‡q wb‡q Gj 26 I therefore, appeal on behalf of our great leader 30 gvP© '71 cvwK¯—vb wegvb evwnbx ‡evgvel©Y K‡i PÆMÖv‡gi
gvP© '71-Gi mKvj| GiB g‡a¨ PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K GK Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to the governments of all KvjyiNvU ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi cÖPyi ¶wZmvab K‡i|
‡Z‡RvÏxß Kɯ^i ‡kvbv ‡Mj| GB ewjô K‡Éi AwaKvix the democratic countries of the world, specially the GB ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K 26 gvP© ‡_‡K 30 gvP© ch©š— cÖPvwiZ Abyôv‡bi
PÆMÖvg ‡Rjv AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mfvcwZ Rbve Avãyj nvbœvb| big powers and the neighbouring countries to recog- ‡Uc ‡_‡K aviYK…Z Ask 'evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i `wjjcÎ'
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m~wPcÎ |
MÖ‡š’i 5g L‡Û Qvcv n‡q‡Q| ‡hLv‡b ‡gRi wRqvi Aci GKwU n¨vq, Zyg‡Kv ‡Qvo w`qv Rv‡qMv ‡Riv ev`| Zyg evnvi ‡bwn cvkweK wbh©vZb Pvjvw”Qj| ïay ‡h mvaviY
fvl‡Yi Bs‡iwR I evsjv cÖwZwjwc i‡q‡Q| wb‡P Zv D×…Z Kiv wbK‡jMv| nvi Iqv³ jvBbci nvwRi iv‡nMv| cvÄvex ‡mbvivB GB cvkweKZvq ‡hvM w`‡qwQj
n‡jv : cvÄvex ‡mbviv ivRvKvi I `vjvj‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq ivRavbxi Zv bq, mKj D”Pc`¯’ mvgwiK AwdmviivI g`
I, Major Zia of Bengal Liberation Army. This is Major ¯‹yj K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKv I AwfRvZ Rbc` ‡_‡K eû ‡L‡q mviv¶Y GB Amnvq ‡g‡q‡`i Ici wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Zv|
Zia , the leader of Bengal Liberation Army speaking evOvjx hyeZx ‡g‡q, iƒcmx gwnjv I my›`ix evwjKv‡`i wRc I ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q GK gyn~‡Z©i Aemi cvqwb| G‡`i Aweivg
on the support of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur wgwjUvwi UÖv‡K K‡i cywjk jvB‡bi wewfbœ e¨viv‡K Rgv Ki‡Z AZ¨vPv‡i eû KwP evwjKv ‡mLv‡bB KvZiv‡Z KvZiv‡Z ‡kl
Rahman. _v‡K| Avwg K¨vw›U‡bi ‡WÖb cwi®‹vi KiwQjvg| ‡`Ljvg wbtk¦vm Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| ciw`b Gme ‡g‡qi jvk evwK‡`i
Avgvi mvg‡b w`‡q wRc I UÖvK ‡_‡K jvBb K‡i eû evwjKv, mvg‡b Qywi w`‡q KywPKywP K‡i ‡K‡U e¯—vq f‡i evB‡i ‡d‡j
bvix wbh©vZ‡bi Kvwnbx hyeZx I gwnjv‡K GmGd K¨vw›U‡bi g‡a¨ w`‡q e¨viv‡K ivLv w`Z|
n‡jv| eû ‡g‡q‡K ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi wewìs‡qi Ici Zjvi Gme ‡g‡q‡`i wbg©g cwiYwZ ‡`‡L Ab¨iv Av‡iv fxZmš¿¯¿
XvKvi ey‡K hZ¸‡jv bvix wbh©vZb ‡K›`Ö wQj, ivRvievM cywjk e¨viv‡K i“‡g wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv| Avi Aewkó hv‡`i e¨viv‡K n‡q coZ| Ges ‡¯^”Qvq ee©i‡`i jvjmvi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©Y
jvBb ZviB Ab¨Zg| 25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jviv‡Z nvbv`viiv hLb VuvB n‡jv bv Zv‡`i eviv›`vq `vuo Kwi‡q ivLv n‡jv| AwaKvsk KiZ| ‡hme ‡g‡q cÖv‡Y evuPvi Rb¨ I‡`i mv‡_ me©‡Zvfv‡e
cywjkjvBb AvKªgY K‡i ZLb GmGd K¨vw›U‡b iv‡eqv LvZyb ‡g‡qi nv‡Z eBLvZv ‡`Ljvg| A‡bK iƒcmx hyeZxi ‡`‡n mn‡hvwMZv K‡i Zv‡`i ‡cQ‡b Ny‡i ‡ewi‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i‡KI
bv‡gi GKRb gwnjv myBcvi Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| wZwb ivRvievM Aj¼vi ‡`Ljvg| Zv‡`i AwaKvs‡ki ‡PvL ‡e‡q A‡Sv‡i Kvbœv ‡invB ‡`qv nqwb| c`¯’ mvgwiK Awdmviiv Zv‡`i Ici
bvix wbh©vZ‡bi cÖZ¨¶`k©x I mv¶x| Zvi e³e¨ GLv‡b Zy‡j SiwQj| mw¤§wjZ wbh©vZb Pvwj‡q nVvr GKw`b GKRb‡K a‡i Qywi w`‡q
aiv n‡jv : Gici Avi¤¢ n‡jv evOvjx ‡g‡q‡`i Ici exfrm cvkweK Zvi ¯—b ‡K‡U, ¸ß ¯’v‡b aviv‡jv A¯¿ XywK‡q AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U
'nvgjvi w`b Avwg ivRvievM e¨vivK Svoy w`‡q ‡mLv‡bB wbh©vZb| jvBb ‡_‡K cvÄvwe ‡mbviv Db¥Ë AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U co‡Z co‡Z wUÖMvi ‡U‡b w`Z|
wQjvg| Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjv, ‡evgv Avi U¨v‡¼i Aweivg KvbdvUv c‡o e¨viv‡Ki g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z jvMj| e¨viv‡K Xy‡KB Iiv ‡g‡q‡`i cïi g‡Zv jvw_ gvi‡Z gvi‡Z Ges ‡cUv‡Z ‡cUv‡Z
MR©‡b Avwg f‡q K¨vw›U‡b KvZ n‡q c‡o ‡_‡K _i_wi‡q cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi ci‡bi Kvco Ly‡j G‡Kev‡i Dj½ K‡i jvw_ ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii ‡`vZjv, ‡ZZjv I PviZjvq DwV‡q Dj½
KvcwQjvg| 26 gvP© mKv‡j I‡`i Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjvi gy‡L ‡g‡i gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j ‡g‡Z DVj cvkweKZvq| Avwg ‡WÖb Ae¯’vq `vuo Kwi‡q ivLv nZ| cvÄvex ‡mbviv wb‡R‡`i Kv‡R
wUK‡Z cv‡iwb ZZ¶Y ch©š— cÖej cÖwZ‡iva M‡o ‡Zvjv exi cwi®‹vi Kivi Awfbq KiwQjvg Avi ‡`LwQjvg I‡`i exfrm hvIqvi Av‡M ‡g‡q‡`i jvw_ ‡g‡i Avevi Kvgivq XywK‡q Zvjv
cywjkiv| mKv‡j Iiv GmGd e¨viv‡Ki Pviw`‡K Av¸b ‰ckvwPKZv| I‡`i gË Dj¬v‡mi mvg‡b ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q Uy-kãwU ‡g‡i P‡j ‡hZ| eû ‡g‡q‡K ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii Ici Zjvq
jvwM‡q ‡`q Ges e¨viv‡K cÖ‡ek K‡i evOvjx cywjk‡`i bv‡K ch©š— Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| eviv›`vi ‡gvUv ‡jvnvi Zv‡i Py‡ji mv‡_ ‡e‡a Sywj‡q ivLv
gy‡L, mviv‡`‡n ‡eq‡bU I e¨vUb PvR© Ki‡Z Ki‡Z, ey‡Ui jvw_ ‡`Ljvg ee©i cvÄvwe cïiv GB wbixn ‡g‡q‡`i ïay al©Y K‡iB n‡Zv| cÖwZw`b cvÄvweiv ‡mLv‡b hvZvqvZ KiZ| ‡KD ‡KD
gvi‡Z gvi‡Z ‡ei K‡i wb‡q AvmwQj| K¨vw›U‡bi Kvgiv ‡_‡K ‡Q‡o ‡`qwb| ‡mB m‡½ iv¶‡mi g‡Zv aviv‡jv `vuZ w`‡q ¯—b Amnvq ‡g‡q‡`i Dj½ kix‡i e¨vUb w`‡q wcwU‡q Avb›` ‡cZ,
e›`y‡Ki b‡ji gy‡L Avgv‡KI ‡ei K‡i Avbv nq| I Mv‡ji gvsm Kvg‡o i³v³ K‡i w`‡”Q| I‡`i wb`©q Kvg‡o Avevi ‡KD ¯—‡bi Ask aviv‡jv `vZ ev A¯¿ w`‡q ‡K‡U wb‡q
Avgv‡K jvw_ ‡g‡i gvwU‡Z ‡d‡j K‡qKRb Avgvi Ici A‡bK KwP ‡g‡qi ¯—b gvsmmn D‡V AvmwQj| ‡g‡q‡`i Mvj- AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U coZ| ‡Kv‡bv ‡g‡q Gme AZ¨vPv‡i ‡Kv‡bv
cÖKv‡k¨ cvkweK AZ¨vPvi KiwQj I AÆnvwm‡Z ‡d‡U ‡cU-Nvo, eyK, ‡VvU, wcV I ‡Kvg‡oi Ask I‡`i Aweivg cÖKvi wPrKvi Kivi ‡Póv Ki‡j Zvi ¸ß¯’v‡b ‡jvnvi iW
cowQj| Kvg‡o i³v³| ‡hme evOvjx hyeZx I‡`i cvkweKZvi wkKvi XywK‡q Zr¶Yvr nZ¨v Kiv n‡Zv|
Dch©cywi AZ¨vPv‡i Avwg hLb g…ZcÖvq ZLb cÖvY evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ n‡Z A¯^xKvi Kij, ‡`Ljvg Zr¶Yvr cvÄvexiv I‡`i Pyj cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi nvZ evav wQj ‡cQ‡bi w`‡K Ges Zv‡`i k~‡b¨
I‡`i Kv‡Q KvZi wgbwZ Rvbvw”Qjvg| nvDgvD K‡i ‡U‡b G‡b ¯—b ‡Qviv ‡g‡i ‡U‡b wQ‡o ‡d‡j w`‡q ¸ß ¯’v‡b Sywj‡q ivLv n‡qwQj| A‡bK mgq cvÄvex ‡mbviv G‡m IB
Kvu`wQjvg Avi ejwQjvg Avgv‡K ‡g‡iv bv| Avwg myBcvi| e›`y‡Ki bj, ‡eq‡bU I aviv‡jv Qywi XywK‡q w`‡q ‡mB Syjš— ‡g‡q‡`i G‡jvcv_vwo ‡e`g cÖnvi K‡i ‡hZ| cÖwZw`b
Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ‡dj‡j ‡Zvgv‡`i cvqLvbv I b`©gv cwi®‹vi exiv½bv‡`i cweÎ ‡`n wQbœwfbœ K‡i w`w”Qj| A‡bK cï ‡QvU GiKg weivgnxb AZ¨vPv‡i ‡g‡q‡`i kix‡ii gvsm ‡K‡U i³
Kivi Rb¨ ‡KD _vK‡e bv| GB cywjk jvBb i³ I jv‡ki cPv ‡QvU evwjKv‡`i Ici cvkweK AZ¨vPvi K‡i I‡`i Amvo SiZ| Kv‡iv gy‡Li mvg‡bi `uvZ wQj bv, ‡Vuv‡Ui `yw`‡Ki gvsm
M‡Ü gvby‡li emev‡mi A‡hvM¨ n‡q co‡e| ‡Zvgv‡`i cv‡q i³v³ ‡`n evB‡i G‡b `yR‡b `y'cv a‡i `yw`‡K ‡U‡b PoPwo‡q ‡U‡b wQu‡o ‡djv n‡qwQj| ‡jvnvi i‡Wi Aweivg wcUywb‡Z
cwo Avgv‡K ‡g‡ivbv| ZLb GK cvÄvex KyKyi Avgvi ‡Kvg‡ii wQ‡o ‡djwQj| cÖwZwU ‡g‡qi AvOyj, nv‡Zi Zvjy ‡f‡O ¸‡ov n‡q wM‡qwQj|
Ici e‡m Avgv‡K wbh©vZb KiwQj, Avgv‡K ‡g‡i ‡dj‡j Gme AZ¨vPvwiZ ‡g‡q‡`i GKgyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ nv‡Zi I Py‡ji
cywjk jvBb cwi®‹vi Kivi ‡KD _vK‡e bv GB Dcjwä‡Z Avwg me ‡`LwQjvg ‡mLv‡b e‡m e‡m Avi ‡WÖb cwi®‹vi euvab Ly‡j ‡`Iqv n‡Zv bv- GgbwK cvqLvbv cÖmÖv‡ei Rb¨I
Avgv‡K ‡Q‡o GK cvÄvex ‡mbv agK w`‡q ej‡Z _v‡K- wVK KiwQjvg| cvÄvexiv g` ‡L‡q hvi ‡h ‡g‡q B”Qv Zvi IciB bv| ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii IciZjvq eviv›`vq Zviv nvZ euvav
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Ae¯’vq cvqLvbv cÖmÖve KiZ| Avwg cÖwZw`b ‡mLv‡b wM‡q cywj‡ki GK c¬vUyb wb‡q gxicyi _vbvq hvb| ivRvievM cywjk
‡mme cwi®‹vi KiZvg| jvB‡b cvKevwnbxi nvgjvi Lei ZZ¶‡Y Zviv ‡c‡q ‡M‡Qb| eskvj dvuwoi cÖwZ‡iva
Avwg A‡bKevi ‡`‡LwQ wbg©g AZ¨vPv‡ii wkKvi Gme ‡g‡qiv ‡gvnv¤§`cyi Avmv`‡M‡Ui w`‡K fxlY ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q
A‡b‡KB Syjš— Ae¯’v‡ZB g…Zy¨eiY K‡i‡Q| cÖwZw`b mKv‡j ‡M‡Q, R¡j‡Q ivRavbx XvKv| Avãym ‡mvenv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 37 25 gv‡P©i Kv‡jviv‡Z wKQy msL¨K cvK‡mbv eskvj dvuwo
‡mB euvab ‡_‡K evOvjx hyeZx‡`i wefrm g…Z‡`n cvÄvex‡`i R‡bi `jwU gxicy‡ii BU‡Lvjvi ‡fZ‡i cwRkb wb‡q A‡c¶v AvKªgY Ki‡Z wM‡q `vi“Y cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡LvgywL nq| Awek¦vm¨
bvgv‡Z ‡`‡LwQ| Avgv‡K w`‡bi ‡ejvq ‡mLv‡b ‡mB e›`x KiwQ‡jb| gxicy‡ii BwcAvi K¨v‡¤úi ‡Rvqvb‡`i m‡½ n‡jI dvuwoi ‡fZi ‡_‡K ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj Zv‡`i Af¨_©bv
gwnjv‡`i cywZMÜgq eR¨© cwi®‹vi Kivi Rb¨ mvivw`b Dcw¯’Z nvbv`vi‡`i GKNÈv a‡i Zygyj msNl© P‡j| Gici cvK‡mbviv Rvbvq| `yc‡¶ hy× ïi“ nq| wKQy¶Y ‡Mvjv¸wji ci
_vK‡Z n‡Zv| cÖwZw`b ivRvievM cywjk jvB‡bi e¨vivK ‡_‡K BwcAvi‡`i e›`x K‡i wZbwU UÖv‡K K‡i wb‡q hvw”Qj| G‡`i nvbv`viiv cvwj‡q hvq| GB cÖwZ‡iv‡ai bvqK wQ‡jb mycwiwPZ
I ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi Awd‡mi IciZjv ‡_‡K eû wbh©vwZZvi m‡½B msNl© ïi“ nq 37 cywj‡ki| cywjk‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Kv‡Q Kv‡`i ¸Ûv I Zvi KRb mvM‡i`| ‡gwkbMvbwU wQj ZviB!
¶Zwe¶Z weK…Z jvk Iiv cv‡q iwk ‡eu‡a ‡QP‡o wb‡q ‡hZ| wQj 20 ivDÛ K‡i ¸wj| Zv dywi‡q G‡j, Zviv wcQy nU‡Z
Ges ‡mB RvqMvq ivRavbxi bvbv GjvKv ‡_‡K a‡i Avbv bZyb eva¨ nb| c‡i Zviv Kj¨vYcy‡i evOvjx GjvKvq wM‡q cywj‡ki XvKv kn‡i mk¯¿ cÖwZ‡iva
‡g‡q‡`i Py‡ji mv‡_ Sywj‡q ‡e‡a Dj½ K‡i bZyb D`¨‡g ‡cvkvK ‡Q‡o QvÎ-RbZvi m‡½ wg‡k hvb| 26 gvP© ïKªevi
wbg©g wbh©vZb Pvjv‡Zv| KviwdDi g‡a¨ AmsL¨ wenvix evOvjx K‡jvwb‡Z Av¸b jvwM‡q ‡jt Av‡bvqvi ‡nv‡mbmn 16 Rb hyeK 27 gvP© XvKv ‡mbvwbevm
Gme Dj½ wbixn ‡g‡q‡`i cvÄvex ‡mbviv mviv¶Y cÖniv w`‡q jyUcvU I bvbv AZ¨vPvi ïi“ K‡i| ZLb QÙ‡ekx ‡_‡K cvwj‡q hvb| ‡ZRMvu WÖvg d¨v±wii Kv‡Q BwcAvi,
w`Z| ‡Kv‡bv evOvjx‡K ‡mLv‡b XyK‡Z ‡`qv n‡Zv bv| Avi cywjkiv Zv‡`i Ici ¸wj Pvjvq| G‡Z `yRb wenvix NUbv¯’‡j Avbmvi, cywjk, QvÎ, kÖwgK, K…lKiv wg‡j gyw³evwnbx MVb
Avwg Qvov Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv myBcv‡iiI ‡mLv‡b cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wQj gviv hvq| evwKiv cvjvq| K‡i| G‡`i msL¨v cÖvq mv‡o wZb‡kvi Ici| ‡jt Av‡bvqvi
bv| ‡g‡q‡`i nvRv‡iv KvZi AvnvRvwi‡Z Avwg B”Qv _vKv GB `‡ji ‡bZ…Z¡ MÖnY K‡ib| ‡ZRMvu ‡ijjvB‡bi Aciw`‡K
m‡Ë¡I Zv‡`i evuPv‡bvi ‡Kv‡bv f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cvwi bvB| XvKvi wcjLvbv nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ Zv‡`i msNl© nq| G‡Z wbnZ nq 126 Rb
1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡kl w`‡K Lye ‡fv‡i cvK‡mbv| AvnZ nq A‡bK| aŸsm nq nvbv`vi‡`i 3wU
‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡ii IciZjvq mvivivZ Syjš— ‡g‡q‡`i gjg~~Î '71-Gi gv‡P©i cÖ_g mßv‡n 22 ‡ejyP‡K wcjLvbv‡Z Avbv Mvwo| eû A¯¿ `L‡j Av‡m gyw³ evwnbxi|
cwi®‹vi KiwQjvg, G mgq GK ‡g‡qi Ki“Y AvwZ©‡Z e¨w_Z nq| gv‡P©i Z…Zxq mßv‡n evOvjx BwcAviiv c¨v‡iW MÖvD‡Ûi 30 gvP© '71 ‡jt Av‡bvqvi mn 10 Rb gyw³‡hv×v gnvLvwj‡Z
n‡q cwo Ges ‡g_‡ii Kvco cwo‡q Zv‡K gy³ K‡i cywjk eUMv‡Qi gv_vq cÖ_g RvZxq cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib| Avi ‡iwK Ki‡Z hvb, ‡mLv‡b Zviv nvbv`vi‡`i A¨vgey‡k c‡ob|
jvB‡bi evB‡i wbivc‡` w`‡q Avwm| m½Z Kvi‡YB Zvi bvg- GivB n‡”Qb evsjv‡`‡ki mvgwiK I cÖwZi¶v wefvM¸‡jvi BwcAvi kvgmyj Avjg GLv‡b knx` nb, evKxiv ‡Lv`vi A‡kl
wVKvbv cÖKvk Kijvg bv| ‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci ‡mB ‡g‡q‡K g‡a¨ cÖ_g, hviv GB `ytmvnm ‡`Lvb| evsjvi exi mš—vb ing‡Z A¶Z ‡`‡n wd‡i Av‡mb| 31 gvP© ivZ 3Uvq Avmv`
Avi ‡`wLwb| j¨vÝbv‡qK evkvi GB cZvKv D‡Ëvjb K‡ib| c‡i Zv‡K ‡M‡Ui Kv‡Q nvbv`vi‡`i Ae¯’v‡b AvKªgY K‡i gyw³evwnbx|
1971 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbx XvKv cÖ‡e‡ki wbôyifv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| G‡Z 5 Rb kÎy‡mbv wbnZ nq| 1 GwcÖj ‡fvi 5Uvq cÖPyi A¯¿
AvM ch©š— cvÄvexiv Gme ‡g‡q‡`i Ici GKB Kvq`vq I ‰mb¨ wb‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Ici nvgjv K‡i| exi weKª‡g hy×
cvkweK AZ¨vPvi Pvwj‡q ‡M‡Q| wW‡m¤^‡ii cÖ_g mßv‡n 25 gvP© ivZ 1Uv 5 wgwb‡U 22 ‡ejyP ‡iwR‡g›U wcjLvbv K‡i knx` nb A‡bK gyw³‡hv×v| ‡jt Av‡bvqvimn 7 Rb
wgÎevwnbx XvKvq ‡evgv ‡djvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvÄvex ‡mbviv AvKªgY K‡i| wcjLvbvi 2500 evOvjx RIqvb I Awdmvi‡`i cvK‡mbv‡`i nv‡Z e›`x nb| 27 gvP© '71 nvbv`vi evwnbx 6wU
GBme ‡g‡q‡`i ‡eq‡bU w`‡q LywP‡q LywP‡q nZ¨v K‡i| g‡a¨ Qq kZvwaK AÜKv‡i cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z mg nb| evwK wR‡c XvKv ‡_‡K b`xe›`i bvivqYM‡Äi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv nq|
ivRvievM ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi Awd‡mi Ici Zjvq mg¯— K¶ I mevB‡K AvUK K‡i ‡gvnv¤§`cyi e›`xwkwe‡i cvVv‡bv nq| Zviv 10 gvBj `xN© iv¯—vi `ycv‡k RbMY‡K wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj
eviv›`vq Gme exiv½bvi ZvRv i³ RgvU ‡eu‡a wQj| G‡`i g‡a¨ mvZ kZvwaK‡K ‡eq‡bU PvR© I ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Pvwj‡q nZ¨v K‡i| gU©vi ‡kj I Kvgv‡bi ‡Mvjvq R¡vwj‡q ‡`q
wW‡m¤^‡i gyw³evwnbx I wgÎevwnbx exiweKª‡g XvKvq cÖ‡ek Kiv nq| evwKiv cvwj‡q wM‡q ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Ask ‡bb| AmsL¨ Nievwo| kn‡ii DcK‡É ‡RwU gvm`vB‡i cÖPÊ
Ki‡j ivRviev‡Mi IBme ee©i nv‡qbvi `j AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| `xN© mv‡o bq gv‡mi gyw³hy‡× cÖvq GK nvRvi BwcAvi m`m¨ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L co‡Z nq Zv‡`i| nvbv`viiv Rvwgj
‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ Rxeb DrmM© K‡ib| wcjLvbvq WKBqv‡W©i gvwjK I gvm`vB‡ii evwm›`v Rwmgyj nK I Zvi
XvKvi gxicy‡i cÖwZ‡iva nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ evOvjx‡`i GK LÛ hy× nq| G‡Z GKRb ¯¿x‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| 29 gvP© kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i Zviv|
‡jd‡Ub¨v›Umn 6 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| GKRb cvÄvex UvbevRv‡ii QvÎwjM mfvcwZ 18 eQ‡ii Zi“Y ‡gvkviid
ivRviev‡Mi Avg©W mveB݇c±i Rbve Avãym ‡mvenvb 25 gvP© BwcAvi ‡gvnv¤§` Lvb‡KI nZ¨v Kiv nq| GB hy‡× ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b ‡nv‡mb gbv I e›`i nvB¯‹y‡ji mvaviY m¤úv`K Kg©exi wPˇK
'71 gxicyi 10 b¤^‡i Ri“ix Un‡j wQ‡jb| wZwb 37 Rb MvW©KgvÛvi bv‡qK Rwni“j nK| QvÎjxM Kvh©vj‡q nZ¨v K‡i|
89
m~wPcÎ |
¸wj K‡i P‡j hvIqvi NÈvLv‡bK ci Avevi wd‡i G‡m Zv‡K I we‡`kx mvsevw`K ZLb ‡mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z
wRwÄivi ee©iZv AvnZve¯’vq Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| RMbœv_ n‡ji gv‡V nZ¨v Kiv nq wQ‡jb| 6 Rb ‡Mwijv wbw`©ó mg‡q ‡nv‡U‡ji
mevi wcÖq gay`v‡K| NUbvi 14 w`b ci ch©š— wkeevwo‡Z g~j cÖ‡ekc‡_ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki cÖwZwbwa‡`i Mvwoi Ici
2 GwcÖj mKv‡j KyL¨vZ weÖ‡MwWqvi ekx‡ii wb‡`©‡k cvK Rj¬v` c‡owQj gayeveyi ‡Q‡j, ‡Q‡jeD I ¯¿xi jvk| Ggwb K‡iB cici wZbwU ‡MÖ‡bW ‡Qvu‡ob| cy‡iv aŸsm n‡q hvq Zv|
evwnbxi bicïiv ‡KivbxM‡Ä BwZnv‡mi Ab¨Zg RNb¨ nvgjv wbg~©j Kiv nq msMÖv‡gi GB Rxeš— cÖZxK‡K| we‡ùvi‡Yi weKU k‡ã ‡jvKR‡bi †QvUvQywU I wPrKvi ïi“
Pvjvq| Zviv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg jyÚb K‡i, R¡vwj‡q cywo‡q ‡`q| n‡q hvq| G‡Z we‡`kx cÖwZwbwa‡`i eyS‡Z Amyweav nqwb ‡h
ee©iiv wRwÄiv, ïfvW¨v I Kvwjw›` BDwbq‡b wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj cvuP‡`vbvi msNl© evsjv‡`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ ‡gv‡UI ¯^vfvweK bq| Gw`‡K ‡Mwijviv
Pvjvq- AvKªvš— nq cÖwZwU MÖv‡gi cÖwZwU Ni| awl©Zv nq Mvwo Nywi‡q P‡j hvb igbv _vbvi Kv‡Q R‰bK RvgvZ ‡bZvi
GjvKvi cÖwZwU gv-‡evb| i‡³i MOv eB‡q w`j Iiv 4 I 5 GwcÖj cvKevwnbx biwms`xi Ici ‡Mvjvel©Y K‡i| 13 evwo| ‡mLv‡b ZLb cvKevwnbxi `vjvj kvwš— KwgwUi GK
‡KivbxM‡Ä| cÖwZwU Nievwo, ‡SuvcSvo, bvjvb`©gv, cyKyi‡Wvev GwcÖj ¯^qswKªq I AZ¨vaywbK A¯¿ wb‡q K‡qK'k cvK‡mbv m‡¤§jb nw”Qj| nVvr K‡iB ‡Mwijviv Mvwo wb‡qB evwoi
Avi Kvkeb ‡_‡K cvIqv ‡Mj AmsL¨ jvk| ‡Lvjv gv‡VI c‡o eveyinvU ‡_‡K hvÎv Kij biwms`xi D‡Ï‡k| kÎy‡mbv ‡fZi Xy‡K wZbwU ‡MÖ‡bW Qy‡o ‡ewi‡q Av‡mb| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K
wQj nvRvi jvk| kni ‡_‡K wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi Avkvq cvjv‡bv enbKvix UÖv‡Ki Kbfq cvuP‡`vbvq ‡cuŠQ‡j AZwK©Zfv‡e Zviv hvb ‰`wbK cvwK¯—vb (c‡i ‰`wbK evsjv) I gwb©s wbDR
eû AcwiwPZ gvbylI wQj G‡`i g‡a¨| gv›`vBj Wv‡Ki AvKªvš— nq| cÖ_‡g gU©vi I c‡i K‡qK SvuK ‡gwkbMv‡bi Awd‡mi mvg‡b| Pjš— Mvwo ‡_‡K Zviv msev`cÎ Awd‡mi
mo‡Ki mvg‡bi cyKyi cv‡i cïiv GKm‡½ 60 Rb‡K ¸wj ¸wji wkKvi nq Zviv| `y NÈve¨vcx GB hy‡× nvbv`vi‡`i wZb g‡a¨ ‡MÖ‡bW Qyu‡o K‡qKRb wek¦vmNvZK `vjvj‡K nZ¨v
K‡i gv‡i| Kvwjw›`i GK evwo‡Z wckvPiv cvkweK AZ¨vPvi UÖvK ‰mb¨ nZvnZ nq| G‡`i msL¨v 100-i ‡ewk| Zv‡`i K‡ib| c‡i ‡Mwijviv cyiv‡bv cë‡bi Mwj‡Z MvwoUv cwiZ¨vM
Kivi ci nZ¨v K‡i 11 Rb bvix‡K| wZbwU UÖvKI A‡K‡Rv n‡q hvq| ZvB nZvnZ‡`i Ab¨ UÖv‡K K‡i wbivc` AvkÖ‡q wd‡i hvb| cÖm½Z, 9 Ryb mܨvq ¸jkvb
DwV‡q A‡K‡Rv Mvwo¸‡jv ‡d‡j cvwj‡q hvq nvbv`viiv| ‡h GjvKvi GK AevOvjxi KvQ ‡_‡K MvwowU wQbZvB K‡ib
gay`v gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ZxeÖ AvKªg‡Y GKwU mymw¾Z I mywkw¶Z Zviv|
‡mbv`j‡K AZ¨vaywbK A‡¯¿i AwaKvix nIqvi ciI cvjv‡Z nvbv`vi evwnbxi GKUv K¨v¤ú wQj dvg©‡M‡U| GLv‡b GKRb
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎQvÎx mK‡ji gay `v, gaymy`b ‡` n‡jv Zv‡`i msL¨v wQj gvÎ 18 Rb| Zv‡`i A‡¯¿i g‡a¨ wQj K¨v‡Þ‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ wKQy ‡mcvB _vKZ| PjvPjKvix Mvwo I
weL¨vZ gayi K¨vw›U‡bi gvwjK| Avi GB K¨vw›UbB wQj XvKv ïay GKwU gU©vi I GKwU ‡gwkbMvb! cw_K‡`i Zviv AbymÜvb KiZ| G‡Z ‡Mwijv‡`i LyeB
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ ivRbxwZi m~wZKvMvi| GLvb ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q Amyweav nw”Qj| ZvB AvM‡÷i ïi“‡Z 10 R‡bi GKwU ‡Mwijv
A‡b‡KB Rxe‡bi wmuwo ‡e‡q cÖwZôvi c‡_, L¨vwZi kx‡l©, XvKvq ‡Mwijv ZrciZv `j GB K¨v¤ú AvKªg‡Yi wm×vš— ‡bb| AvKªg‡Y Zviv `y‡Uv
wewfbœ gnKygv I ‡Rjv cÖkvmK n‡q‡Qb, A‡bK ‡`ke‡iY¨ Mvwo e¨envi K‡ib| 1 bs ev mvg‡bi MvwowU wQj
‡bZvI Av‡Qb GB ZvwjKvq| '52 mv‡ji ¯§…wZPvi‡Y gay`v K¨v‡Þb nvq`v‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ AvMiZjvq GKwU K¨v‡¤ú Kgv‡Ûv Acv‡ik‡bi, wØZxqwU wQj Zv‡`i Kvfvi ‡`Iqvi Rb¨|
e‡jwQ‡jb, 'eiKZ Pv ‡L‡q `ª“Z ‡ewi‡q ‡Mj, Avi GKw`b AvKªg‡Yi Kjv‡KŠkj ‡kLv‡bv nw”Qj| 2 bs ‡m±i KgvÛvi dvg©‡MU IfviweÖ‡Ri iv¯—vi `ycv‡k ZLb cvKevwnbxi Kov
Avmv`I Ggwb Pv ‡L‡q K¨vw›Ub ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q wgwQ‡j Lv‡j` ‡gvkviid GB K¨v‡¤úi 16 Rb Kgv‡Ûv‡K wb‡q GKwU cÖniv wQj|
wM‡qwQj| Avi ‡d‡iwb|' myBmvBW ‡¯‹vqvW MVb K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ mܨv nq nq, Ggb mgq ‡Mwijviv ‡mLv‡b ‡cuŠ‡Q ‡`‡Lb
GB gayi K¨vw›U‡b A‡bK knx‡`i ¯§…wZ Zc©Y n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ m‡iRwg‡b ‡`Lvi Rb¨ Ryb gv‡m wek¦e¨vs‡Ki GKwU kÎy‡mbv‡`i K‡qKRb Uy‡ji Ici e‡m M‡í gk¸j, evwKiv
mevi wcÖq gay`v i‡q ‡M‡Qb 25 gv‡P©i cÖZx¶vq| gay`v cÖwZwbwa`j XvKvq Av‡m| Lei ‡c‡q ‡gRi Lv‡j` Zvi `vuwo‡q| cÖ_‡gB `yRb ‡Mwijv `y‡Uv GjGgwR w`‡q MvW©
mcwiev‡i RMbœv_ n‡ji cv‡k wkeevwo‡Z _vK‡Zb| 26 gvP© myBmvBW ‡¯‹vqvW‡K XvKvq cvVvb| XvKv Avmvi c‡_ `‡ji 4 `yRb‡K ¸wj K‡ib| Gici Mvwo ‡_‡K ‡b‡g eÖvkdvqvi ïi“
mKv‡j AvKªvš— n‡jv wkeevwo, nvbv`viiv wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kij Rb ‡¯^”Qvq wew”Qbœ n‡q wd‡i hvb| evwK 12 R‡bi cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki K‡ib K¨v‡¤úi ‡fZi| Z¡wir GB AvKªg‡Y nZf¤^ Lvb‡mbviv
gay`vi ‡Q‡j iYwRr I cyÎeay ivbx‡K| GB ee©‡ivwPZ Kv‡Q wQj 4wU K‡i ‡MÖ‡bW I 20 cvDÛ we‡ùviK| 6 Ryb Zviv Qy‡UvQywU ïi“ K‡i w`j| GiB g‡a¨ 1 bs Mvwoi WÖvBfvi
nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x cwiev‡ii GKwU ‡g‡q ivby| ‡QvU `v`vevey I XvKv kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡ib| 8 Ryb wRbœvn GwfwbD‡Z ‡MÖ‡bW Ggbfv‡e Mvwo ‡Nviv‡jb ‡hb wWMevwR ‡L‡q Zv ‡mvRv nj!
‡eŠw`‡K evuPv‡Z Qy‡U wM‡qwQj ‡m| nvbv`viiv Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i we‡ùviY NUvb| Ges `ycyi 2 Uvi w`‡K XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui ‡Mwijv `yRb Mvwo‡Z D‡V nvbv`vi‡`i cÖavb K¨v¤ú j¶¨ K‡i
hvi GKwU Zvi ‡Pvqv‡j jv‡M Ab¨wU eyK ‡f` K‡i hvq- wKš‘ GK mvgwiK Awdmv‡ii evmfe‡b ‡MÖ‡bW ‡Quv‡ob| 9 Ryb K‡qKUv ‡MÖ‡bW Qy‡ob| ‡Pv‡Li cj‡K A`…k¨ n‡q hvb Zviv
ZviciI ‡eu‡P hvq ivby| Gici ee©iiv gay`v‡K ¸wj K‡i| mvgwiK Rvš—v wek¦ A_©‰bwZK mvnvh¨`vZv ms¯’vi m`m¨‡`i Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l, hv‡Z wbnZ nq 9 Rb Awdmvimn 17 Rb
Zv‡K evuPv‡Z wM‡q ¸wji AvNv‡Z jywU‡q co‡jb Zvi Aš—t¯^Ë¡v m¤§v‡b ‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡b (GLb ‡kivUb) GK ‰bk ‡fv‡Ri kÎy‡mbv| GB Awfhvb¸‡jv Pvjvw”Q‡jb GKwU msNe× ‡Mwijv
¯¿x| ¸wj ‡L‡qI gay`v A‡bK¶Y ‡eu‡P wQ‡jb| Av‡qvRb K‡ib| wcÖÝ m`i“wÏbmn ms¯’vi ‡ek wKQy cÖwZwbwa `j hv‡`i WvKv n‡Zv gvqv (eZ©gvb AvIqvgx wjM ‡bZv
90
m~wPcÎ |
‡gvdv¾j ‡nv‡mb gvqv exi weKªg) Kª¨vKc¬vUyb bv‡g| AvM‡÷i KvUveb gmwR‡`i Dˇi ‰e`y¨wZK ‡÷k‡b nvgjv, 5 G‡bMÖv ‡Mwijviv|
IB NUbvi ci 5 Rb ‡Mwijv GKwU U‡qvUv K‡ivjvq AvBDe i‡KU jvÂvi w`‡q Ggwc ‡nv‡÷‡j nvgjv, 6. ‡nv‡Uj A‡±ve‡i mvgwiK miKvi XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q
‡M‡Ui (Avmv` ‡MU) KvQ w`‡q hvw”Q‡jb| ZLb wgicy‡ii w`K B›UviKw›U‡b›Uv‡j wØZxq `dv nvgjv| K¬vk Pvjyi ‡Póv Pvjvq| ‡Mwijviv wek¦we`¨vjq
‡_‡K Avmv GK Avwg© Kbf‡qi gy‡LvgywL c‡o hvb Zviv| 11 AvM÷ ‡Mwijviv mܨv 5Uv 5 wgwb‡U ‡nv‡Uj B›UviK‡b fe‡bi mvB‡KvjwR wefv‡M GKwU Ges wZb Zjv I Pvi Zjvq
‡c‡UÖvj ‡bqvi fvb K‡i U‡qvUv Kv‡Qi GK cv‡¤ú _vgv‡jb cÖPÊ GK we‡ùviY NUvb| ‡nv‡Uj jvDÄ, kwcs Av‡K©W I wKQy we‡ùviY NUvb| G‡Z eÜ n‡q hvq wek¦we`¨vjq Pvjyi
‡Mwijviv| Kbfq GwM‡q Avmvi Av‡MB `ª“Z GKRb ‡Mwijv Av‡kcv‡ki i“g¸‡jvi KvuP UyK‡iv UyK‡iv n‡q hvq, `iRv Ac‡Póv| wKQy ‡Mwijv Gi g‡a¨ XvKv gymwjg Kgvwk©qvj e¨v‡¼
iv¯—vq K‡qKwU gvBb ‡c‡Z ‡`b| Kbf‡qi cÖ_g `y‡Uv Mvwo wQU‡K c‡o `~‡i| i“‡gi ‡fZi, Kvi I jvD‡Äi ‡`Iqvj Acv‡ikb K‡ib| ‡Mwijv gywbi (Awf‡bZv ivBmyj Bmjvg
wbivc‡`B cvi n‡jv wKš‘ Z…Zxq MvwowUi PvKvi AvNv‡Z ‡f‡O hvq| ‡ek KRb ‡jvK AvnZ nq| evsjv‡`‡k gyw³evwn- Avmv` wQ‡jb m‡½) GKwU ‡Ljbv wc¯—j w`‡q mdjfv‡e
Pviw`K ‡K‡c DVj we‡ùvi‡b| ZZ¶‡Y U‡qvUv nvB‡KvU© I bxi ZrciZv wek¦Ry‡o msev`cθ‡jvq Kvfv‡iR cvq| ‡ekwKQy bM` A_© msMÖn K‡ib| b‡f¤^‡ii ïi“‡Z ‡Mwijviv
gqgbwmsn ‡iv‡Wi Kªwms‡qi UÖvwdK ivD‡Û ‡cŠ‡Q ‡M‡Q| XvKvq ‡ekwKQy mdj Acv‡ik‡bi d‡j gyw³‡hv×v‡`i nvBR¨vK Kiv GKwU Mvwo wb‡q evqZyj ‡gvKvii‡g cvK© Kiv
GLv‡b ‡Mwijviv we‡ùviK Qy‡o AevOvjx hvÎxevnx GKwU cvkvcvwk Aei“× bMievmxI DÏxß n‡q I‡V| 2 bs ‡m±i cvKevwnbxi `y‡Uv ‰mb¨‡evSvB jwii gvSLv‡b ‡i‡L Zv‡Z
Wvej‡WKvi evm‡K weaŸ¯— K‡ib| ‡_‡K 52 Rb ‡Mwijvi GKwU `j wZZvm b`xc‡_ XvKvi w`‡K we‡ùviY NUvb- gviv hvq 16 Rb nvbv`vi| b‡f¤^‡iB gvwjevM
ciw`b b_©mvD_ ‡iv‡Wi PvsIqv ‡i‡¯—vivi D‡ëvw`‡K iv¯—vq iIqvbv nq| AvLvDov eÖv¶Yevwoqv mo‡Ki GKwU weÖ‡Ri wb‡P ‡ijKªwms‡qi Kv‡Q ‡ijjvBb Dwo‡q w`‡Z wM‡q ‡fvi PviUvq
`vuo Kiv‡bv `y‡Uv Avwg© wR‡ci PvKvi wb‡P Gg‡K14 gvBb Mfxi iv‡Z wZZv‡m ‡cŠ‡Qb Zviv| ‡mLv‡b 7 w`b 7 ivZ cvKevwnbxi m‡½ cÖPÊ msNl© nq ‡Mwijv‡`i| G‡Z Zv‡`i
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k‡ã we‡ùvwiZ nq| GBm‡½ ‡Mwijviv Av‡iv wKQy Acv‡ikb dywi‡q hvIqvq ‡Mwijvi 48 NÈv ‡mÖd b`xi cvwb ‡L‡qB ‡cU Pvwj‡q ‡ekwKQy cvK‡mbv‡K nZ¨v K‡ib ‡Mwijviv| 14
K‡ib, 1. M¨vwbR I ‡fvM d¨vkb wecYx ‡K›`Ö Acv‡ikb, fivb| Gici Zviv iv‡Î K¨v¤ú K‡ib ‡ivnv MÖv‡gi evRv‡i| b‡f¤^i Zviv GK D‡j¬L‡hvM¨ Acv‡ikb K‡ib| hvi bvg wQj
2.wMÖb‡ivW ‡gv‡oi ‡cUÖj cv¤ú Acv‡ikb- GLv‡b mv‡qÝ wKš‘ Zv‡`i Avmvi Lei ‡cŠ‡Q hvq cvKevwnbxi Kv‡Q| iv‡Z fvqvWywe weÖR Acv‡ikb| GB mdj AvKªg‡Y weÖ‡R cvnviviZ
j¨ve‡iUwii iv¯—vq Gg‡K16 gvB‡bi AvNv‡Z GKwU wgwjUvwi AvKªgY K‡i Zviv ‡Mwijv‡`i| GB msN‡l© 19 Rb nvbv`vi 20 Rb nvbv`vi wbnZ nq| weÖRwU `Lj K‡i ‡bb ‡Mwijviv|
wRc kÎy‡mbv mn D‡o hvq, 3. Kgjvcyi ‡÷kb Acv‡ikb, 4. wbnZ nq| wbiƒcvq n‡q wd‡i ‡h‡Z eva¨ nq Zviv| Avi wKš‘ wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨B gvwbKM‡Äi 700 cvK‡mbvi GKwU `j
U‡qbwe mvK©yjvi ‡ivW Mfb©i nvD‡Ri cv‡k wcGbI (cvwK¯—vb ‡Mwijviv ‡ivnv ‡Q‡o K¨v¤ú K‡ib wmsMvBi _vbv GjvKvi wZbwU Mvwo‡Z weÖR Awfgy‡L iIbv ‡`q| Mfxi iv‡Z Zviv
b¨vkbvj A‡qj ev `vD` ‡c‡UÖvwjqvg wjt) ‡cUÖj cv¤ú KvQvKvwQ GKwU MÖv‡g| GLv‡b Zviv cvKnvbv`vi‡`i GKwU AvKªgY K‡i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i| GB hy‡× c¬vUyb AwabvqK gvwbK
Acv‡ikb| h©vkwbs ‡Kvi‡K AvKªgY K‡i mevB‡K nZ¨v K‡ib| mdj knx` nb Ges AvnZ nb Av‡iv K'Rb gyw³‡hv×v| d‡j wcQy
GBme ‡Mwijv Acv‡ik‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wQj nvbv`vi evwnbx Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l wkgywjqvq K¨v¤ú ¯’vbvš—i K‡ib Zviv| n‡Ub ‡Mwijviv| 4 w`b ci 18 b‡f¤^i weÖRwU Avev‡iv `Lj
AwaK…Z XvKv bMix‡ZB ‡h ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR Ki‡Q bv Zv GB ch©v‡q 23 R‡bi GKwU `j XvKvq ‡Xv‡Kb| GB `jwU K‡ib Zviv Ges Dwo‡q ‡`b| avgivB GjvKv m¤ú~Y© kΓgy³
wek¦‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`Iqv| ‡Mwijv nvwd‡Ri evmvq cÖL¨vZ myiKvi QvovI kvnveywχbi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Av‡iv GKwU `j XvKvi `w¶‡Yi K‡i ‡Mwijviv g~j K¨v¤ú mvfv‡ii wRive‡Z ¯’vbvš—i K‡ib|
(Avgvi fvB‡qi i‡³ ivOv‡bv GKy‡k ‡deÖyqvwi) I wkíx wKQy GjvKvq mdj ‡Mwijv ZrciZv Pvjvb| Giv eywoM½v I Avi 150 R‡bi GKwU `j i‡q hvq avgivB‡q| mvfvi
AvjZvd gvngy‡`i hvZvqvZ wQj| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g Zvi Avš— Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvRy‡o wewfbœ mg‡q kÎy‡`i Ici nvgjv gnvmoK ‡Mwijv‡`i wbqš¿‡Y P‡j Avmvq DËie½ ‡_‡K wew”Qbœ
wiK mg_©b I ‡Mwijv ZrciZvq mwKªq mn‡hvwMZv wQj Zvi| Pvjvb (GB `‡jB wQ‡jb Avhg Lvb I Rwmg)| n‡q c‡o XvKv| mvfv‡i cvKevwnbxi GKwU eo K¨v¤ú wQj,
GK RvqMvq mg¯— A¯¿k¯¿ Rgv _vK‡j, hw` kÎy‡`i bR‡i cÖ_g `jwU KvKivB‡ji ‡gv‡o ‡h ‡cUÖjcv¤úwU wQj Zv aŸsm b‡f¤^‡ii ‡klw`‡K GK SwUKv AvKªg‡Y Zv `Lj K‡i ‡bb
c‡o hvq Zvn‡j cy‡ivUvB nvZQvov n‡q hv‡e| ‡mBRb¨ wZwb K‡i ‡`q| Gici wWAvBwU fe‡bi Pyovi wb‡P 5 cvDÛ ‡Mwijviv| c‡i mvfvi _vbvI P‡j Av‡m Zv‡`i wbqš¿‡b|
‡m¸‡jv wewfbœ RvqMvq fvMvfvwM K‡i ivLvi civgk© ‡`b| c¬vw÷K G·‡c¬vwmf jvwM‡q we‡ùviY NUvb| we‡ùvi‡Ki Gw`‡K 30 Ryb Kª¨vKc¬vUy‡bi 9 Rb ‡Mwijv cvK nvbv`vi‡`i
wb‡Ri evmvqI wKQy wb‡q hvb| ‡Mwijv‡`i m‡½ Zvi cÖZ¨¶ cwigvY Kg nIqvq PyovwU cy‡iv aŸsm nqwb, Z‡e Zv‡Z dvUj nv‡Z aiv c‡ob| G‡`i 7 Rb‡K AK_¨ wbh©vZ‡bi ci nZ¨v
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Zv‡K e›`x K‡i K¨v›Ub‡g›U wb‡q hvq Ges AK_¨ wbh©vZ‡bi gvwbKM‡Äi eovj weÖR ch©š— cÖvq 30 gvBj GjvKvRy‡o AvRv` (Avwbmyj n‡Ki 'gv' hv‡K wb‡q), evwK, i“wg (Rvnvbviv
ci nZ¨v K‡i| Acv‡ikb Pvjvb| G‡Z Zviv 319 Rb ivRvKvi‡K Bgv‡gi ‡Q‡j) I AvjZvd (m¤¢eZ AvjZvd gvngy`B, Zvi
Gw`‡K ‡Mwijviv Av‡iv wKQy `ytmvnwmK Awfhvb Pvjvq XvKvi AvZ¥mgc©‡Y eva¨ K‡ib Ges cÖPyi A¯¿k¯¿ Zv‡`i nv‡Z Av‡m| evwoi evMvb ‡_‡KB `yB UÖv¼ A¯¿ I ‡Mvjvevi“` D×vi K‡i
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K‡jR ‡nv‡÷‡ji ‡M‡Ui Kv‡Q Ae¯’vbiZ GKwU ivRvKvi Ki‡jb e¨vUwjqb KgvÛvi‡K- wZwb ZLb Nygvw”Q‡jb! Gici wZwb m½x `yRb mk¯¿ MvW© I WÖvBfvi Kvjvg‡K wb‡q
K¨v‡¤ú nvgjv Pvjvb ‡Mwijviv cÖKvk¨ w`ev‡jv‡K, hv‡Z gviv Gici wZwb B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U ‡m›Uvi ‡_‡K ‡jt K‡Y©j Iq¨vi‡jm K‡jvbx‡Z ‡M‡jb| Zvi nv‡Z wQj ‡÷bMvb|
hvq `yB ivRvKvi| bvivqbMÄ wf‡±vwiqv nvmcvZv‡j cvnviviZ ‡PŠayix I K¨v‡Þb iwd‡Ki m‡½ ‡Uwj‡dv‡b ‡hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z Iqvi‡jm K‡jvb †Z K¨v‡Þb nvqvZ GKUv c¬vUy‡bi Kgv‡Û
5Rb ivRvKvi‡KI GKB Kvq`vq nZ¨v K‡ib Zviv| Gi gv‡S ‡P‡q e¨_© n‡jb| Gici wmwfj ‡Uwj‡dvb mvwf©‡mi GKRb wQ‡jb| evmv ‡_‡K Zv‡K e›`x Kiv nq, m‡½ my‡e`vi nvkgZ
GmGmwm cix¶v PjvKv‡j wm‡×k¦ix nvB¯‹y‡j we‡ùviY NUvb Acv‡iUi‡K ‡c‡q ej‡jb, 'B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui 8g I wZbRb cvK ‡mbv‡K| GBmgq wbivcËv wewNœZ n‡”Q ‡`‡L
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wo‡Z Kª¨vK c¬vUy‡bi m‡½ cvKevwnbxi gyy‡LvgywL GK msNl© nq PÆMÖv‡gi Kwgkbvi, cywj‡ki wWAvBwR I ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv‡`i mv‡o b'Uvq K¨v‡Þb iwdK nvwjkn‡i ‡cuŠQ‡jb| ‡mLv‡b
hv‡Z wbnZ nq A‡bK kÎy‡mbv| ‡Mwijviv hvÎvevwo‡Z GKwU Awej‡¤^ Rvwb‡q ‡`Iqv nq| A¯¿vMvi wQj wZbwU, Gi me¸‡jvB wbqš¿‡Y ‡bq evOvjxiv|
cyj Dwo‡q bvivqYMÄ ‡_‡K XvKv‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i ‡`b| c‡i e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi me Awdmvi I ‡Rvqvb‡`i GKwÎZ K‡i GLvb ‡_‡KB mKj evOvjx ‡mbv‡`i A¯¿ ‡`Iqv n‡jv Avi e›`x
wZwb GK msw¶ß fvl‡Y ej‡jb, 'Avgiv mk¯¿ ¯^vaxbZv Kiv nq 300 AevOvjx ‰mb¨‡K|
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PÆMÖvg ‡lvjkn‡i 8g B÷‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui ‡m‡KÛ-Bb- m½x‡`i wb‡q cwUqvi D‡Ï‡k iIqvbv n‡jb| c‡_ BwcAv‡ii
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e¨v‡Uwjqv‡bi wZb ‡Rvqvb| kÎyiI e¨vcK ¶q¶wZ n‡jv| ‡mLv‡b cvnviviZ mg¯— evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i|
AvMÖvev‡`i KvQvKvwQ Avmvi ci GKUv e¨vwi‡K‡Wi mvg‡b UÖvK Pviw`K Kvuwc‡q ïi“ n‡jv ‡gwkbMvb, U¨v¼ Avi gU©vi ‡k‡ji
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Kywgivi jovB nq Zv‡`i- ‡Kv‡bv Lvevi mieivn Kiv nqwb| gvj Lvjv‡mi cvVv‡jb Kvjvcy‡ji w`‡K| 11 GwcÖj kIKZ Zvi evwnbxmn
ci Zv‡`i K¨v›Ub‡g›U wd‡i hvIqvi AbygwZ ‡`Iqv nqwb| AMÖmi n‡jb Kvjvcy‡ji cwiw¯’wZ Rvb‡Z| mKvj mv‡o 8Uvi
26 gvP© Kywgj¬v ‡_‡K me©vaywbK A‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q cvKnvbv`vi evOvjx ‰mb¨‡`i g‡a¨ wQ‡jb K¨v‡Þb AvwRR, nvwej`vi w`‡K K¨v‡Þb Iqvwj gvidZ Lei Gj cÖvq 700-800 ‰mb¨
evwnbxi 24 GdGd ‡iwR‡g›U PÆMÖv‡gi w`‡K GwM‡q Avãym mvËvi, nvwej`vi Avãyj Lv‡jK, bv‡qK wbRvgywÏb, KvjyiNvU AvKªgY K‡i‡Q| kÎy‡`i wKQy ‰mb¨ gwnjv ‡m‡R
AvmwQj| BwcAvi A¨vWRy‡U›U iwd‡Ki civg‡k© K¨v‡Þb j¨vÝbv‡qK AvLZvi“wÏb cÖgyL| ‡eOj ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui wØZxq (‡eviKv c‡o) Ges wKQy wmwfj ‡cvkv‡K 'Rq evsjv' ‡k¬vMvb
fyuBqv Zv‡`i MwZ‡iva Ki‡Z weKvj 5Uvq Kywgj¬vi w`‡K `jwUi Kv‡Q A¯¿ wQj, wKš‘ Zv Rgv w`‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq w`‡q AMÖmi n‡”Q weÖ‡Ri w`‡K| ‡mLv‡b ZLb wQ‡jb K¨v‡Þb
AMÖmi nb| Zvi m½x wQ‡jb BwcAvi I B÷ ‡e½‡ji ‡gvU Zv‡`i| nvi“b, ‡jt kg‡mi gweb, ‡jt gvndyRmn wKQy Awdmvi| Zviv
102 Rb ‡hv×v| mܨv 6Uv bvMv` PÆMÖv‡gi Kywgivq ‡cuŠ‡Q 26 gvP© weKvj 4Uvq ‡mvqvZ RvnvR ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q Kvcyi“l cÖ_‡g ey‡S DV‡Z cv‡ibwb e¨vcviUv| wKš‘ kÎy hLb 'Rq
¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡iB Lvb‡mbviv wbi¯¿ GB ‰mwbK‡`i 17 bs ‡RwUi cvUvZ‡b `vuo evsjv' ej‡Z ej‡Z weÖ‡Ri Ici D‡V Gj Zviv eyS‡jb Giv
‡mLv‡bB Ae¯’vb ‡bb Zviv| Kwi‡q ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| ¸wj Pjvi wVK AvM gyn~‡Z© nvbv`vi| wKš‘ ZZ¶‡Y ‡`wi n‡q ‡M‡Q| kÎyi ¸wj‡Z K¨v‡Þb
mܨv 7Uvq kΓevwnbx ‡mLv‡b ‡cuŠQ‡ZB M‡R© D‡V K¨v‡Þb my‡e`vi ie Li‡mÖvZ KY©dyjx‡Z Svuwc‡q AvZ¥i¶v K‡ib| evwK nvi“b I ‡jt kg‡mi gweb AvnZ n‡jb|
fyuBqvi `‡ji mgiv¯¿| ïi“ nj hy×| cÖvq NÈv `y‡qK a‡i Pjj mevB knx` nb| ‡h K'Rb ¸wji AvNv‡Z AvnZ nb, Zv‡`i‡K kÎy‡`i Av‡iKUv `j KvßvB ‡iv‡W ‡jt gvndy‡Ri Ici
Zv| G‡Z nvbv`vi‡`i KgvwÛs Awdmvi GKRb ‡j. K‡Y©j I ‡eq‡bU w`‡q LyuwP‡q gviv nq| c‡i Rj¬v`iv jvk¸‡jv b`x‡Z AvKªgY ïi“ K‡i‡Q| ‡gRi kIKZ mKvj 9Uvq KvjyiNvU
GKRb ‡jd‡Ub¨v›Umn ‡gvU 152 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| ‡d‡j ‡`q| bv‡qK my‡e`vi byi“j Bmjvg I bv‡qK my‡e`vi wd‡i mevB‡K wiwUÖ‡Ui wb‡`©k w`‡jb| Avi ‡jt gvndyR‡K
Avi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgx‡`i c‡¶ knx` nb 14 Rb exi‡hv×v| ‰Zqe b`x‡Z ‡d‡j ‡`qv jv‡ki m‡½ Rxe‡bi ¯ú›`b wb‡q wb‡`©k w`‡jb g`ybvNvU GjvKvq cÖwZi¶v ey¨n M‡o kÎy‡K
ivZ 1Uvq Aewkó evwnbx wb‡q PÆMÖvg kn‡i wd‡i ‡M‡jb ‡Kv‡bv iK‡g ‡eu‡P wQ‡jb| IB Ae¯’vq mvuZ‡i b`x cvi n‡q ‡VwK‡q ivL‡Z, hZ¶Y bv KvjyiNv‡U Ae¯’vbiZ gyw³evwnbx
K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv| ‡mLv‡b ‡gRi wRqvi wb‡`©‡k BwcAv‡ii 30 Kv‡Qi GK MÖv‡g AvkÖq ‡bb `yRb| wbivc‡` ‡cQ‡b m‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i| c‡i Zviv mevB cwUqvq
Rb ‰mb¨ wb‡q cvK ‡bŠ evwnbxi K‡gvWi ggZv‡Ri evmvq 8 GwcÖj '71 PÆMÖv‡gi KvjyiNv‡Ui GK gvBj Dˇi GKwÎZ n‡jb| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡gRi kIKZ cÖ_‡g ev›`ievb,
AvKªgY Pvjvb| 29 I 30 gvP© ch©š— KvjyiNvU ¯^vaxb evsjv nvbv`vi‡`i m‡½ gyw³evwnbxi GK msNl© nq| G‡Z ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b ‡mLvb ‡_‡K KvßvB n‡q ivOvgvwU hvb| ‡mLv‡b gnvjQwo‡Z
‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö Ae¯’vb K‡ib wZwb| 1 GwcÖj hvÎv K‡i ‡gRi gxi kIKZ Avjx| cvwK¯—vbx‡`i GK c¬vUyb ‰mb¨ ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi ¯’vcb K‡ib wZwb|
ev›`ievb, KvßvB, ivOvgvwU I gnvjQwo n‡q 3 GwcÖj ivgMo K…wlfeb `Lj K‡i ‡mLv‡b Ae¯’vb KiwQj| ‡jt kg‡mi gweb Iw`‡K ‡jt gvndyyR kÎyi Ici AvNvZ ‡n‡b P‡jwQ‡jb| wKš‘
‡cuŠ‡Qb| GLv‡b ‡gRi wRqv I K¨v‡Þb iwd‡Ki m‡½ GK‡Î ‡PŠayix ‡gRi kIK‡Zi wb‡`©‡k wKQy ‰mb¨ wb‡q cÖv_wgK nvgjv kÎyi e¨vcK AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L wKQyUv wcQy n‡U cvk¦eZ©x ‡bvqvcvov
gyw³evwnbxi mvsMVwbK Kv‡R ‡hvM ‡`b| cieZ©x‡Z 3 b¤^i Pvjvb Ges e¨_© nb| IB NUbvq knx` nb bv‡qK bv‡qe I c‡i cwj‡UKwb‡K mv_©K cÖwZi¶v M‡o mvn‡mi mv‡_
‡m±‡i P‡j hvb K¨v‡Þb fyuBqv| Avjx| GB Ae¯’vq ‡gRi kIKZ, nvIjv`vi nvg`y wgqv, ‡gvKv‡ejv K‡ib Zv‡`i| c‡i ‡gRi kIK‡Zi wb‡`©‡k cÖvq
bv‡qK Zv‡ni, BwcAvi I B÷ ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Rbv`‡kK 200 Rb gyw³‡hv×vi `jwU wb‡q gnvjQwo‡Z ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i
A¯¿‡evSvB ‡mvqvZ RvnvR ‰mb¨ wb‡q 9 GwcÖj mKvj mv‡o 8Uvq K…wlfeb AvKªgY P‡j Av‡mb| IB w`bB QywU‡Z _vKv K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Kv‡`i
K‡ib| GB AvKªg‡Y GKRb K¨v‡Þb I GKRb my‡e`vimn gnvjQwo Av‡mb| ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi Awdmvi‡`i wb‡q GKUv
PÆMÖvg ‡m±i KgvÛ¨v›U K‡b©j wmMwi 24 gvP© '71 50 Rb 20 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| evwKiv AvnZ‡`i wb‡q cvwj‡q i¶v eyn¨ ‰Zwi Ki‡jb, hv wbgœiƒc :
wbi¯¿ evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K 20 bs ‡ejyP ‡iwR‡g‡›Ui GK mk¯¿ hvq|
‡Kv¤úvwbi m‡½ PÆMÖvg e›`‡i cvVvb 17 bs ‡RwU‡Z ‡bvOi 10 GwcÖj ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q KvjyiNv‡U Ae¯’vb 1. K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi
‡djv ‡mvqvZ RvnvR ‡_‡K A¯¿-‡Mvjvevi“` Lvjvm Ki‡Z| KiwQ‡jb| 8g ‡e½j ‡iwR‡g›U, BwcAvi, cywjk I QvÎ-RbZv eywoNv‡U
cvK‡mbv‡`i cÖnivq A¯¿ Lvjv‡mi mgq mkix‡i ‡mLv‡b wgwj‡q Zvi ‰mb¨msL¨v wQj 450 Rb| `y‡Uv nvbv`vi weÖ‡MW 2. K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Kv‡`‡ii ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ LvMovQwo‡Z
Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb weÖ‡MwWqvi Avbmvwi I K‡Y©j wmMwi| Øviv AvKªvš— nb Zviv| cvKevwnbx KY©dyjx‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ 3. ‡jt gvndy‡Ri ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi eiK‡j
25 gvP© `ycyi GKUvi w`‡K B÷ ‡e½j I 8g ‡e½j Zv‡`i ‡bŠRvnvR‡K k•L b`x w`‡q KvjyiNv‡Ui KvQvKvwQ wb‡q 4. my‡e`vi gyËvwj‡ei ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 100 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwUi KyZyKQwo
‡iwR‡g‡›Ui Av‡iv `y c¬vUyb evOvjx ‰mb¨‡K Zje K‡i Avbv nq Av‡m Ges gyw³evwnbxi Ici ‡bfvj Mv‡bi ‡Mvjv wb‡¶c GjvKvq
93
m~wPcÎ |
16 GwcÖj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i GB PviwU `j Zv‡`i wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b gnvjQwoi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡”Q e‡j Lei Gj| gnvjQwo ZLb K‡i| ‡gRi kIKZ K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb,
Ae¯’vb wb‡jb| 15 GwcÖj PvKgv ivRv wÎw`e iv‡qi (Av‡iK ‡gRi kIK‡Zi e¨vUvwjqvb ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi| wZwb wKQy ‰mb¨ K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i I dvi“K‡K GjvKv fvM K‡i
ivRvKvi) AvnŸv‡b cvKevwnbx ivOvgvwU ‡cŠu‡Q| ciw`bB `yiš— wb‡q ‡jt gvndyR I K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i‡K GwM‡q wM‡q kÎy‡`i w`‡q wb‡R ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi i¶vi `vwqZ¡ wb‡jb|
mvnmx K¨v‡Þb AvdZve Zvi evwnbx wb‡q LvMovQwo ‡i÷ cÖwZ‡iva Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| 24 GwcÖj KyZyeQwo‡Z `yB `‡j gyw³evwnbx fvix A‡¯¿i Afve Lye ‡eva KiwQj| kÎyi
nvD‡R Ae¯’vbiZ GK c¬vUyb cvKevwnbx‡K AvKªgY K‡ib| hy× nq| GB hy‡× nvbv`viiv ‡ek ¶q¶wZ ¯^xKvi K‡i cvwj‡q ‡gvKv‡ejvq Zv‡`i nv‡Z wQj w_ÖbUw_Ö ivB‡dj I GjGgwR|
G‡Z nvbv`vi‡`i KgvwÛs Awdmvimn 20 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ hvq| K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i Zvi GjvKvq hy&×iZ Ae¯’vq knx` nb| ¸wj
nq| evwKiv cvwj‡q hvq| ‡Kv‡bv ¶q¶wZ QvovB AvdZve e…wói g‡a¨B kIKZ, dvi“K I wmcvnx WÖvBfvi AveŸvm
wd‡i Av‡mb ‡nW‡KvqvU©v‡i| cÖvq 20 Rb cvK ‡mbvi GKwU 25 GwcÖj Lei Gj cvKevwnbx †P½x b`x I evwbqviPi evRvi K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`‡ii g…Z‡`n Mvwo‡Z K‡i ivgMo wd‡i G‡jb|
`j 17 GwcÖj j‡hv‡M ‡iwK Ki‡Z ‡ewi‡qwQj| K¨v‡Þb n‡q gnvjQwo Awfgy‡L GwM‡q Avm‡Q| 26 GwcÖj ‡gRi gyw³evwnbx mܨv ch©š— cvëv AvKªgY Ae¨vnZ ‡i‡L iv‡Zi
Lv‡jKy¾vgvb Zvi `j wb‡q IZ ‡c‡Z wQ‡jb| jÂwU Zv‡`i kIKZ Ab¨ Awdmvi‡`i wb‡q ‰eV‡K em‡jb| wZwb ‡jt AÜKv‡i gnvjQwo Z¨vM K‡i| Zviv wW‡dÝ ‡bb
¸wji AvIZvq Avmv gvÎ A¨vgeyk Ki‡jb Zviv| AvKªg‡Y gvndyR‡K Zvi evwnbx wb‡q wKQyUv wcwQ‡q wiRv‡f© _vKvi LvMovQwo‡Z|
jÂmn AwaKvsk cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq| cvjv‡Z m¶g nq wb‡`©k w`‡jb| K¨v‡Þb Rvgvb Zvi evwnbx wb‡q evwbqviPi
K‡qKRb| GB msN‡l© gyw³‡hv×v‡`i c‡¶ AvnZ nb `yRb| evRvi eo cvnv‡oi Ici wW‡dÝ wb‡jb| K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i 28 GwcÖj Iqvi‡j‡m ‡gRi wRqvi m‡½ ‡hvMv‡hvM nq ‡gRi
18 GwcÖj '71 `y‡Uv j I GKwU w¯úW ‡evU ‡evSvB kÎy ‡mbv ‡M‡jb moKc‡_ nvbv`vi‡`i MwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨| 27 GwcÖj kIK‡Zi| IBw`b nvbv`vi‡`i GKwU `j ¸Bgviv n‡q
†P½x b`x w`‡q hvIqvi mgq gyw³evwnbxi K‡qKRb wb‡`©k '71 ‡fvi‡ejv nvwej`vi Zv‡ni, wmcvnx evix I Ki‡cvivj ivgM‡oi w`‡K AMÖmi nw”Qj| ‡gRi kIKZ ¸Bgviv‡Z Zvi
QvovB nVvr ¸wj Qyu‡o e‡m| cvK‡mbviv mvgvb¨ ¶wZ ¯^xKvi Kwig 10 Rb ‡jvK wb‡q ‡M‡jb ‡iwK Ki‡Z| Zviv fyj K‡i evwnbx wb‡q wW‡dÝ wb‡jb| ZLb Zvi ‰mb¨ msL¨v gvÎ 450
K‡i wcQy n‡U hvq, Zvici wW‡dÝ wb‡q gvndy‡Ri evwnbxi wg‡Rv‡`i GjvKvq Xy‡K c‡ob| cÖm½Z wg‡Rv DcRvwZiv Rb| kIKZ gvwbKQwoi gMivRvi m‡½ ‡`Lv Ki‡jb| ivRv
Ici AvwU©jvwii AvNvZ nvb‡Z _v‡K| kÎyi cÖej ‡Zv‡ci gy‡L cvKevwnbxi m‡½ Av‡MB nvZ wgwj‡qwQj| ‡mŠfvM¨ekZ gyw³evwnbx‡`i mn‡hvwMZvi A½xKvi Ki‡jb| ¯^vaxbZv
gyw³evwnbx wcQy nU‡Z eva¨ nq| wg‡Rviv ZLb GKwU nvwZ ‡g‡i LvIqv‡Z e¨¯— wQj, ZvB ‡iwK msMÖv‡gi `xN© 9 gvm gM DcRvwZ me©‡Zvfv‡e gyw³evwnbx‡K
IBw`b weKvj 3Uvq my‡e`vi gyËvwje KyZyeQwo‡Z kÎy‡`i 6wU ‡cUÖj cvwj‡q Avm‡Z m¶g nq| mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| ivRv wÎw`e iv‡qi we‡ivwaZvi Rb¨ PvKgviv
‰mb¨fwZ© UÖvK A¨v¤^yk K‡ib| G‡Z 40 Rb cvK‡mbv wbnZ nq IBw`b ‡ejv mv‡o ev‡ivUvq K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi gyw³evwnbxi wec¶ ‡bq| Avi wg‡Rviv †Zv Av‡MB nvbv`vi‡`i
I wZbwU UÖvK aŸsm n‡q hvq| Ae¯’v‡bi Ici wg‡Rviv nvgjv Pvjvq| Zviv wQj msL¨vq m‡½ nvZ wgwj‡qwQj|
A‡bK| G mgq ‡jt gvndyR gvÎ 10 Rb ‰mb¨ wb‡q K¨v‡Þb
19 GwcÖj eywoNv‡U kÎyevwnbxi eo GKwU `j gU©vi mn‡hv‡M 29 GwcÖj ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q ‡gRi wRqvi
Rvgv‡bi mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q G‡jb| gvndyR ILv‡b ‡cuŠ‡QB
K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgv‡bi evwnbxi Ici cÖej AvKªgY Pvjvq| civgk©g‡Zv ivgMo ‡cuŠQvb ivZ `y‡Uvi w`‡K| 30 GwcÖj
kÎy‡`i Ici ¸wjel©Y ïi“ K‡ib| wKš‘ K¨v‡Þb Rvgvb ¸wj
cÖPÊ ‡Zv‡ci gy‡L gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wU‡K _vKv cÖvq Am¤¢e n‡q gyw³evwnbxi cÖavb ‡mbvcwZ K‡Y©j GgwR Imgvbx ivgMo
dywi‡q hvIqvq m½x‡`i wb‡q wcwQ‡q Av‡mb Ab¨c‡_| Avi
`vovq| wKš‘ wcwQ‡q hvIqvI m¤¢e nw”Qj bv| Ggwb mgq 8g Av‡mb| wZwb ‡gRi kIKZ‡K Av‡iv `yw`b ivgMo gy³ ivLvi
gvndy‡Ri `‡ji m‡½ AvaNÈv ¸wj wewbg‡q wbnZ nq 150
‡e½‡ji e½kv`y©j j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi iDd ‡gwkbMvb wb‡`©k ‡`b hv‡Z wbixn RbmvaviYmn mevB wbivc‡` fvi‡Z
Rb wg‡Rv| wKš‘ Zv‡ZI wcQy nUj bv Zviv| GwM‡q Avm‡Z
nv‡Z wb‡q GwM‡q G‡m ej‡jb, 'm¨vi Avwg Kvfvwis dvqvi AvkÖq wb‡Z cv‡i|
_vKj ‡XD‡qi g‡Zv| Zviv wN‡i ‡djj gvndyR I Zvi evwn-
w`w”Q| Avcwb evwK‡`i wb‡q wiwUÖU K‡ib|' K¨v‡Þb 29 GwcÖj ‡gRi wRqv K¨v‡Þb Iqvwj‡K K‡iinvU wnqvKy‡j
bx‡K| Lei ‡c‡q D×v‡i GwM‡q ‡M‡jb K¨v‡Þb Kv‡`i I
Lv‡jKy¾vgvb Zvi evwnbxi cÖvq 100 ‡hv×v wb‡q wbivc‡` cvVv‡jb| cvKevwnbx‡K cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ ‡gRi kIKZ 30
K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb| wbivc‡` wd‡i Av‡m gyw³evwnbx|
wcwQ‡q ‡h‡Z m¶g nb| wKš‘ j¨vÝbv‡qK Avãyi iDd nU‡jb GwcÖj K¨v‡Þb Lv‡jKy¾vgvb, my‡e`vi ‡gvZv‡je I ‡jt
bv RvqMv ‡_‡K| GK ch©v‡q nvbv`vi‡`i gU©v‡ii AvNv‡Z cv`UxKv : gyw³hy‡×i Av‡jvKwPÎ eB‡Z Zvi kvnv`‡Zi ZvwiL ‡jLv Av‡Q
gvndyR‡K wnqvKy‡j Iqvwji m‡½ ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi wb‡`©k
knx` nb evsjvi cÖ_g exi‡kÖô| mwZ¨ GivB evsjv gv‡qi exi 8 GwcÖj| Avi evev Zvi bvg wj‡LwQ‡jb j¨vÝbv‡qK gywÝ Avãyi ie| mwVK w`‡jb| GB mw¤§wjZ evwnbxi m‡½ nvbv`vi‡`i Zygyj msNl©
mš—vb, G‡`i i‡³B gy³ G‡`k| Z_¨Uv ‡KD Rvbv‡j DcK…Z ne| nq| cvKevwnbxi GKwU weÖ‡MW wZbw`K ‡_‡K ivgMo AvKªgY
21 GwcÖj '71 cvKevwnbxi GKwU ‡Kv¤úvwb e›`yKfvOv bvgK K‡i| ‡gRi kIKZ K‡Y©j Imgvbxi wb‡`©kg‡Zv `yBw`b
¯’v‡b ‡jt gvndy‡Ri `‡ji Ici nvgjv K‡i| msN‡l© 27 GwcÖj '71 `ycyi 3Uvq nvbv`vi evwnbxi 13wU ‡Kv¤úvwb ivgMo gy³ ‡i‡LwQ‡jb|
nvbv`viiv wcQy nU‡Z eva¨ nq| gyw³evwnbxi ‡Kv‡bv ¶wZ mn‡hv‡M cÖvq 1100 (GMv‡ivk) wg‡Rv gnvjQwo ‡nW‡KvqvU©vi 2‡g ivgMo gyw³evwnbxi nvZQvov nq| IBw`b mܨv 6Uvq
nqwb| 23 GwcÖj nvbv`vi‡`i cÖvq 200 ‰mb¨ ivOvgvwU ‡_‡K AvKªgY K‡i| cvKevwnbx 6wU gU©vi mn‡hv‡M AvKªgY ïi“ ‡gRi kIKZ Zvi evwnbx wb‡q fvi‡Zi mvei“‡g P‡j hvb|
94
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³hy‡× KZ gvbyl gviv ‡M‡Q Zv wb‡q A‡nZyK RwUjZv wbivc` g‡b Kwi bvB Ges GUv Avgvi aviYv wQ‡jv ‡h, GUv A‡b‡Ki evwo ‡cvovq ‡`q| Avevi A‡bK ‡jvK‡K, Avgvi
GLbI ‰Zwi Kiv n‡”Q| bvbv Rwi‡ci K_v ejv n‡”Q| hviv mn‡R wgU‡e bv; NUbv Av‡iv A‡bK `~‡i hv‡e| Avgiv ZLb AvR‡K mevi bvg g‡b bvB Zv‡`i‡K, ‡g‡i ‡djwQ‡jv|
Gme wb‡q K_v e‡jb Zv‡`i ejwQ, Avcbviv ‡mB me ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K wbR MÖv‡g P‡j AvmvB wbivc` g‡b Kijvg| Gici Avgiv Avi ILv‡b gv‡b wbR GjvKvq hvIqv wbivc`
cwiev‡ii m‡½ K_v e‡jb hv‡`i Ni-evwo cy‡o‡Q, hviv Avgiv iIqvbv w`jvg ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K| wKš‘ ‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v g‡b Kijvg bv| ZLb Avgiv kZ`kKvwVi Av‡iv A‡bKUv
nvwi‡q‡Qb AmsL¨ ¯^Rb| GK GKwU cwiev‡ii ¶q¶wZi eÜ n‡q hvIqvq ev‡MinvU ‡_‡K KL‡bv f¨v‡b, KL‡bv wiOvq, Mfxi GjvKvq wMqv wUb w`qv ‡bŠKvi QB-Gi g‡Zv GKUv
cwigvY Rvb‡jB †evSv hvq Kx fqven cwiYwZ ‡`Lv w`‡qwQj Avevi KL‡bv cv‡q ‡nu‡U Avgvi K‡qKRb mv_x‡K m‡½ wb‡q gvPv ‰Zwi KBiv ‡mLv‡b _vK‡Z jvMjvg| HLv‡b ïay Avgiv
Zv‡`i Rb¨| ûjvinvU ‡cŠuQjvg| Avm‡j wc‡ivRcyi n‡q ûjvinvU bv, nvRvi nvRvi ‡jvK H RvqMvq _vK‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv| H
GiKg GKwU mv¶vrKvi GLv‡b Avmyb Avgiv cwo| Gi m~Î ‡cŠuQjvg| evm ZLb PjwQ‡jv bv| GwcÖj gv‡mi mvZ-AvU ev GjvKvi gyw³‡hv×vivI ILv‡b AvkÖq wbj| Avgiv Gfv‡eB
n‡”Q gyw³hy× M‡elYv ‡K›`Ö I ‡cÖvdvBj Ae ‡e½j| bq Zvwi‡Li w`‡K n‡e ‡mUv| Zvici ûjvinvU ‡_‡K Dëv w`b KvUv‡Z _vKjvg| cieZ©x‡Z Lei Avm‡jv ‡h, GB
¯^iƒcKvwVi w`‡K GKUv UÖjv‡i ‡P‡c emjvg| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv n‡e| wKš‘ Avgvi Kv‡Q GUv wek¦vm‡hvM¨
bvg : ‡iev ivYx ivq c‡ii w`b Avgvi GK AvZ¥xq wQ‡jv ‡mvnvM`‡j, ‡mLv‡b GK g‡b n‡jv bv| KviY gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv
wcZv : i‡gkP›`Ö wg¯¿x (1971 mv‡j cvK evwnbx ivÎ ‡_‡K ci w`b ILvb ‡_‡K ‡nu‡U Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi evwo wK mnR KvR ! Avi ‡cqviv evMvb gv‡b ‡Zv GKUv Lvj|
I Zv‡`i ‡`vmi‡`i nv‡Z wbnZ) ‡eZ&ov‡Z ‡cŠuQvB| GUv‡K MÖv‡gi fvlvq e‡j Kvw›`, DuPy AskUv‡i| wbPUv‡i e‡j
wVKvbv : ‡eZ&ov, WvK : ‡eZ&ov, cvBKv| ‡mB cvBKv fwZ© Rj| ZLb ‡Zv ‰R¨ô-Avlvp gvm
BDwbqb : bIMÖvg cÖkœ : 1971 mv‡j Avcwb AvKªvš— n‡qwQ‡jb wK ? AvBmv ‡M‡Q| me ‡Zv R‡j fwZ©| Ggb mgq wgwjUvwiiv ‡h
SvjKvwV, ‡Rjv : SvjKvwV (1971 mv‡j AvBmv MvQ KvU‡e GBUv Avgvi aviYvq wQ‡jv bv| Avwg
ewikvj ‡Rjvi Aš—M©Z gnKygv) DËi : 1971 mv‡j Avwg AvKªvš— n‡qwQjvg Avgv‡`i evwoi ejjvg ‡h, wgwjUvwiiv ‡Kgbfv‡e G‡Zv MvQ KvU‡e cvwbi
wk¶vMZ ‡hvM¨Zv : we. Gmwm. KvQvKvwQ nvU, evIKvwV nv‡U| mgqUv m¤¢eZ GwcÖ‡ji Z…Zxq g‡a¨? AvksKv m‡Ë¡I H RvqMv‡ZB _vK‡Z jvMjvg| ivbœv,
1971 mv‡j eqm : 19/20 wK PZy_© mßv‡n n‡e| evIKvwV nvU e…n¯úwZ Ges iweev‡i LvIqv mewKQyB H RvqMvq| ‡gvUvgywU g~j¨evb wRwbmcËi
1971 mv‡j ‡ckv : QvÎx e‡m, mßv‡n `yB w`b| ‡Kv‡bv GK nvUev‡i wgwjUvwi hvq evwo ‡_‡K wbqv H RvqMvq Avgiv Rgv KiwQjvg wbivc`
eZ©gvb ‡ckv : PvKwi ILv‡b| wgwjUvwiiv AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvwj‡q nv‡Ui ‡ek wKQy ‡f‡e| wKš‘ 1971 mv‡ji 2iv Avlvp GKUv Lei Avm‡jv ‡h
‡jvK‡K ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡d‡j| KvQvKvwQ MÖv‡giI wKQy ‡jvK ‡cqviv evMvb Kvj‡K KvUv n‡e| fvejvg ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv
cÖkœ : 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK evwnbxi gviv hvq| cieZ©x‡Z wgwjUvwi AvZ¼ MÖv‡g QovBqv c‡o n‡j Avgv‡`i Avi ‡Kv_vI hvIqvi c_ _vK‡e bv|
AvKªgY m¤ú‡K© Avcwb wK ï‡bwQ‡jb ev KLb wKfv‡e ‡m fxlY fv‡e| ILvb ‡_‡K gvÎ gvBj Lv‡bK `~‡i Avgv‡`i c‡ii w`b mKvj `kUv wK GMv‡ivUv ev‡R, GB mgq g‡b
Lei ï‡bwQ‡jb ? ZLb Avcwb wK Ki‡jb ? evwo| Avgiv c‡ii w`b ‡fvi iv‡ZB wKQy ivbœv Kiv Lvevi nB‡jv ‡h, nvRvi nvRvi ‡jvK ‡cqviv evMv‡bi Pviw`KUv
wb‡q kvLv MÖv‡gi cvwb‡LZ bvgK RvqMvq AvkÖq wbB| ‡m wN‡i ‡dj‡Q| ZLb Zv‡`i ‡k¬vMvb wQ‡jv Ôbviv‡q ZKexi
DËi : cvwK¯—vwbiv hLb nvgjv K‡i ZLb ev‡MinvU wc.wm. w`bB mܨvq Avevi evwo wd‡i Avwm| ‡mw`b evwo wd‡i Avj¬vû AvKei,Õ ÔcvwK¯—vb wR›`vev`Õ| mg¯— ‡cqviv evMvb
K‡j‡R Avwg Aa¨qbiZ wQjvg| Avwg K‡j‡Ri Mvj©m ïb‡Z ‡cjvg ‡h, MÖv‡gi A‡bK Nievwo R¡vjvBqv w`‡Q Ges cÖKw¤úZ nB‡ZwQ‡jv Zv‡`i ‡mB ‡k¬vMv‡b| c‡i ‡jvK gy‡L
‡nv‡÷‡j _vKZvg| ‡mLv‡b e‡mB ïwb XvKv BDwbfvwm©wUi A‡bK ‡jvKRb gviv ‡M‡Q| c‡ii w`b Avgiv Avevi ‡kl ïbwQ ‡h, wÎk Pwj¬k nvRvi ‡jvK Avm‡Q ‡cqviv evMvb
‡Q‡j‡g‡q Ges mvaviY ‡jvKRb bvwK `‡j `‡j MÖv‡gi w`‡K iv‡Î evwo ‡_‡K Lvevi wb‡q ‡ei n‡q hvB| Gevi Avgiv KvU‡Z| Gig‡a¨ Avgv‡`i GK ‡evb Ges fMœxcwZ Avgv‡`i
P‡j Avm‡Q| Zv‡`i Kv‡iv Kv‡iv gy‡LB cvwK¯—vwb nvgjvi RM`xkcyi ‡cqviv evMv‡b AvkÖq ‡bB| ‡mLv‡b cvuP mvZ w`b ILv‡b Av‡m| AvBmv Avgvi bvg a‡i ‡W‡K e‡j ‡h, Ô‡iev,
Lei ï‡bwQ| GB me Lei ‡Zv ZLb evZv‡m we`¨yr‡e‡M QovB _vKvi ci cwiw¯’wZ AviI fqven iƒc aviY K‡i| Avgv‡`i ZyB GLvb ‡_‡K cvjv, Pj wkMwMi, cvjv, Avgvi evev ZLb
hvB‡Zv| H nvgjvi ciB Avgv‡`i GLv‡b mg¯— ‡hvMv‡hvM MÖv‡giB ‡ek eo cwievi gnx›`Öjvj ev‰i, Zvi evwo ‡cvovB ILv‡b wQ‡jb| Avwg evev‡i ewj ‡h, evev Avcwb hvb| Avgvi
e¨e¯’v cÖvq eÜ n‡q ‡M‡jv| ZLb Avwg Avi ev‡Minv‡U _vKv ‡`q| wZwb wQ‡jb Lye abx e¨w³| Ibvi evwo Ges AviI ‡mB ‡evb Ges fMœxcwZ GKUv ‡bŠKv wb‡q AvmwQ‡jv| Iiv
95
m~wPcÎ |
‡bŠKvq Avgv‡i Lye UvbvUvwb ïi“ Ki‡jv ‡h, ZyB wkMwMi Mjvi wfZi ‡m GK Ki“Y `kv| Gic‡i hLb ‡ejv cvuPUv DcvR©b¶g e¨w³ wQ‡jb Avgvi evev| evev
Avq| ZLb Avwg eo| Kv‡RB Avgvq wb‡q ‡ek wPš—v| Avi ev‡R ‡evanq, Nwo Uwo ‡Zv wQ‡jv bv; cvuPUv mv‡o cvuPUv Avgvi Rxe‡bi Av`k©I| gv ZLb Kvu`‡Z Kvu`‡Z
Gw`‡K Avgvi wPš—v evev‡i wbqv| Avwg ejjvg, evev Zywg ev‡R g‡b nq-ZLb Avi ‡Kv‡bv kã ‡Ui cvBjvg bv| Avwg Avgvi ‡QvU `yB ‡evb‡K wbqv evnv‡bi wfZ‡i Av‡m|
hvI, Zywg hvI| GB `yB R‡bi ‡Vjv‡Vwj hLb Pj‡Q ZLb H ZLb Av‡¯— Av‡¯— KPywii wfZi ‡_‡K evi n‡q Gcv‡i G‡m wZwb ZLb MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wQ‡jb| Avgiv evmv K‡i _vKZvg|
kã Kªgk Kv‡Q Avm‡Z jvM‡jv| kã, ‡jvKR‡bi ‡Kvjvnj Kv`vi g‡a¨ GKUy ‡njvb w`qv `vuovBjvg| ZLb ‡`wL ‡h, `yB ‡mLv‡b Avwg, evev Ges ‡gR‡evb _vKZvg| ‡gR‡evb ZLb
G‡Zv ‡Rv‡i nB‡ZwQ‡jv ‡h g‡b nB‡Q Avgv‡`i g…Z¨y LyeB GKUv ‡jvK hviv g…Z¨y f‡q cjvBwQ‡jv, Zviv Avm‡Q| Zv‡`i Gm. Gm. wm-i K¨vbwW‡WU wQ‡jv| Avgvi fvBwU, K¬vm Uy-G
KvQvKvwQ| g…Z¨y f‡q ZLb ‡K ‡h ‡Kv_vq ‡Mjvg Zv ejv Kv‡Q Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg Avgiv ‡hLv‡b gvPv K‡iwQjvg co‡Zv| Avgiv ci ci wZb ‡evb Zvici H fvB| gv evwo‡Z
gyw¯‹j| Avwg jvd w`‡q ‡bŠKvq cowQ GBUv g‡b Av‡Q| wKš‘ ‡mB gvPvi ¯’vb Ges ‡jv‡Kkb m¤^‡Ü| Iiv Avgv‡i wPb‡jv ‡QvU ‡evb, ‡mR ‡evb Ges ‡QvU fvB‡K wb‡q _vK‡Zv| `~i
KZ`~i hvIqvi c‡i ‡bŠKvUv ‡hb Avi PjwQ‡jv bv| ‡cqviv ‡KD ‡KD| ej‡jv, ‡mvRv hvI| Avwg Lvj wej Kv`vi wfZi ‡_‡KB ‡`Ljvg ‡h, gv Kvu`‡Z Kvu`‡Z Avm‡Q Ges ej‡Q,
evMv‡bi Rj Gcv‡k Avi Icv‡k av°v w`w”Q‡jv| Iw`‡K H w`qv ‡mB GjvKvq AvmwQ| wKš‘ Avgvi g‡b nB‡ZwQ‡jv wK gby, ‡Zvi evev, gby ‡Zvi evev| evev‡K a‡i ‡bIqvi LeiUv
hg`~‡Ziv gv‡b hviv ‡cqviv evMvb AvKªgY Ki‡Q Zviv ‡hb GKUv nvivBwQ, wK GKUv nvivBwQ| Avgv‡`i ‡mB evmvi QovB ‡MwQ‡jv fxlYfv‡e| Avgvi evev‡K H GjvKvq mevB
Lye Kv‡Q Avm‡Q g‡b nB‡jv| ZLb ‡bŠKv ‡_‡K Avgiv mevB Kv‡Q AvBmv ‡`wL ‡h, me ZQbQ, ¯’vbxq ‡jvKR‡bi gy‡L GB wPb‡Zv| wZwb evIKvwV ¯‹y‡ji wUPvi wQ‡jb| gv G‡m ej‡jb
jvd w`‡q cojvg| ‡bŠKvUv ‡Kv_vq ‡M‡jv Zvi ‡Kv‡bv Lei iKg ïbjvg ‡h, GBUv gyw³‡hv×v‡`i evmv GB KBqv me ‡h, wZwbI AvKªvš— n‡qwQ‡jb| Zv‡i bvwK wgwjUvwiiv A‡bK
bvB| Avwg ‡`ŠovB‡Z ‡`ŠovB‡Z ‡Kvbw`‡K ‡h ‡Mjvg ZvI gvjcÎ wbqv ‡M‡Q| Avi hv hv bv wb‡Z cvi‡Q, ‡mB¸jv wcUvB‡Q, nvZ dyBj¬v ‡M‡Q| ‡`Ljvg Zvui kixiI ‡dvjv|
wVK g‡b bvB| A‡bK `~‡iB ‡MwQ| wKš‘ Gi g‡a¨ g‡b nB‡jv fvBOvPyBiv ZQbQ Kwiqv ivBLv ‡M‡Q| Avgvi ‡mw`‡K Aek¨ Avgvi ‡QvU ‡ev‡bi ZLb eQi ‡`‡oK eqm| I‡i eyU cv‡q
‡h, Av‡iv KvQvKvwQ AvBmv ‡M‡Q kÎyiv| ‡evb-fMœxcwZi Lei å~‡¶c bvB| Avwg ïay fvewQjvg ‡h, Avgiv mevB RxweZ e‡ji g‡Zv kU w`‡Q Avwg©| ‡m Ab¨ RvqMvq wMqv co‡Q|
bvB| Avgvi Dcw¯’Z eywׇZ Avwg ZLb GB evMv‡bi wfZ‡i AvwQ wKbv| Avgvi fvB ZLb K¬vm-Uy-Gi QvÎ| nq‡Zv Qq Avevi w`‡Q| gv hLb wPrKvi Ki‡Q ZLb gv‡i aBiv
‡h Lvj¸‡jv Zv‡Z j¤^v j¤^v KPywicvbv‡Z GK`g Vvmv wQ‡jv, mvZ eQi eqm| I‡i Avwg cÖ_‡gB wR‡Ám Kijvg, fvB, wcUvB‡Q| Avgvi ‡QvU ‡evb ZLb AÁvb nBqv ‡M‡Q| AÁvb
Avwg Lv‡ji Mv evBqv wb‡P bvgjvg| wb‡P bvBgv Wye w`qv evev ‡Kv_vq? I Avgvi K_v ï‡bB ‡Ku‡` ‡dj‡jv| ej‡jv nBqv hvIqvq Iiv g‡b Ki‡Q I gviv ‡M‡Q| Avgvi gv-I
HLvb ‡_‡K c‡bi wek nvZ `~‡i wMqv KPywicvbv GKUy ‡h, w`w`, evev‡i a‡i wb‡q ‡M‡Q| Avwg Zv‡K wRÁvmv g‡b Ki‡Q gviv ‡M‡Q| Iiv ‡evb‡K ivBL¨v ‡M‡Q| wKš‘ wKQy
mivBqv bvK ‡ei Kwiqv Wye w`qv _vKjvg| BZg‡a¨ Hme Kijvg wKfv‡e wb‡q ‡M‡Q? ZLb ‡m ej‡jv ‡h, evev Avgvi ‡mevh‡Zœi c‡i ‡evbUvi Avevi Ávb wd‡i Av‡m| ‡m Aek¨
‡jvK AvBmv ‡M‡Q mg¯— evMv‡b| g‡Zv KPywii wfZi cvjvBwQ‡jv bv| GKUv evMv‡bi wfZi GLb RxweZ Av‡Q|
Avwg wKQyUv mgq _vKvi c‡iB ‡Ui cvBjvg ‡h, ‡cqviv Wv‡j bj‡LZ wQ‡jv, ‡mB bj‡L‡Zi wfZ‡i evev wQ‡jv| Avwg H w`b Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi eû ‡jvK‡K gvBiv dvjvq| A‡bK
cv w`qv Zviv Lye bvo‡Q| cv w`qv Zx‡ii w`‡K av°v w`‡Q Avgvi fvB‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg evev‡K ‡mLvb ‡_‡K wKfv‡e wkïI gviv ‡M‡Q| ‡mB w`bB Avgvi GK gvgv ex‡i›`Öbv_
Avi e‡j cvBwQ, cvBwQ, cvBwQ-GB‡Zv Av‡Q, GB‡Zv Av‡Q| awiqv wb‡jv| fvB ej‡Q, Zvui K‡qKRb QvÎB Zvu‡K ai‡Q| Nivwg Ges Avgvi GK ‡g‡mv KvwZ©KP›`Ö ‡ecvwi Zv‡`iI
wKš‘ Avwg m‡PZb wQjvg ‡h, hZ¶Y Zviv Avgv‡i bv Rj Avgvi fvB bvwK K‡_vcK_bUv ïb‡Q KvQ ‡_‡KB, Iiv nZ¨v K‡i| KvwZ©KP›`Ö ‡ecvwi nvj Pvl KiwQ‡jv gv‡V| ‡mB
‡_‡K ‡U‡b Zyj‡e ZZ¶Y Avwg DV‡ev bv| Avgvi ‡gv‡UB nq‡Zv ‡Lqvj K‡i bvB| evev bvwK ej‡Q ‡h, ‡Zv‡`i Avwg gv‡VB Zv‡K ¸wj Ki‡Q| Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi Ges evMvb ‡_‡K
bob Pob bvB| GBfv‡eB AvwQ| wKQy¶Y c‡i Mjvi wfZ‡i ‡Kv‡jwc‡V K‡i gvbyl KiwQ; ‡Zviv GLb Avgv‡K aBiv wbwe! ‡eva Kwi aBiv wbqv ‡M‡Q kZvwaK ‡jvK‡K| ‡mw`b I‡`i‡K
cPv Rj Avi gqjv R‡g ‡M‡jv| ‡Ui cvBwQjvg ‡h, kvgyK Avgvi Kv‡Q UvKv Av‡Q, ¯^Y© AjsKvi Av‡Q, ‡Zviv GB¸wj evIKvwV‡Z ‡h GKUv K¨v¤ú KiwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b ivLwQ‡jv| 3iv
Avgvi cv PvU‡Z PvU‡Z ‡`‡ni Dc‡i DV‡Q| ‡Rvu‡KI ai‡Q| wbqv ‡b| ZLb Zviv e‡j ‡h, ï‡qv‡ii ev”Pv, KyËvi ev”Pv Avlvp GUv wQ‡jv| 4Vv AvlvpI ivL‡Q| 5B Avlvp Lye ‡fv‡i
kvgy‡K Avgvi cv PvU‡Z PvU‡Z ‡h gqjv ZyjwQ‡jv Zv‡Z g‡b hLb gvbyl Ki‡Qv ZLb Ki‡Qv, GLb Avi wK| ‡Zvi UvKv beMÖvg ‡h GKUv cvKv cyj Av‡Q ‡mB RvqMvq wbqv PweŸk
n‡jv ‡h, cv Uv Avgvi eywS ‡kl n‡q hv‡e| cv‡q cÖPÛ e¨_v cqmv Avgiv PvB bv| GB eBjv Zviv Avgvi evev‡K GKUv Rb bv QvweŸk Rb‡K GK RvqMvq jvBb KivBqv ¸wj Ki‡Q|
Abyfe KiwQjvg| kvgy‡K PvUv ‡Kgb hš¿Yv ‡mUv A‡b‡KB MvgQv w`qv wc‡V nvZ wbqv evB›`v Zv‡K wbqv PBjv ‡M‡jv| Avi c‡_ Nv‡U wKQy ‡Zv gvi‡Q hv‡`i cvB‡Q| c‡ii w`bI H
‡evanq Rv‡bb bv| Amn¨ hš¿Yv| Avgvi Rxe‡b cÖ_g ‡cqviv evMv‡bi MvQ KvUv Ae¨vnZ _vK‡jv| c‡i ‡jvKgy‡L
AwfÁZv| G w`‡K `dvq `dvq ‡jvK Avm‡Q, gv_vi Dc‡i, cÖkœ : Avcwb ejwQ‡jb ‡h, Iiv Avcbvi evevi QvÎ, I‡`i ïbwQ ‡h, wÎk Pwj¬k nvRvi ‡jvKB bvwK GUv Ki‡Q|
KPywii Dc‡i ‡evaKwi ‡jRv ‡URv ev j¤^v jvwV w`qv bvg¸‡jv wK Avcbvi g‡b co‡Q ? SvjKvwV _vbv, bjwQwU _vbv, ¯^iƒcKvwV _vbv G‡`i g‡a¨
wcUvB‡ZwQ‡jv| GBUv GKUv Zv‡`i PvjvwK wQ‡jv| Avwg Avi mevB ‡h ivRvKvi Zv bq| ‡Rvi K‡i wbqv ‡M‡Q cÖ‡Z¨K evwo
bwoPwo bvB| cÖPÛ nvuwP Avmv m‡Ë¡I nvuwP w`‡ZwQjvg bv| DËi : i“ûj Avgxb KBiv GK QvÎ| A‡bK w`b Av‡Mi K_v ‡_‡K| evbvixcvov _vbvi ‡jvKRb‡KI ‡Rvic~e©K a‡i wbqv
KviY nvuwP w`‡jB ‡Zv Iiv ‡Ui ‡c‡q hv‡e Avwg ‡Kv_vq| ‡Zv Avwg A‡bK bvg GLb fy‡j ‡MwQ| hv‡nvK, Avwg ‡Zv ‡M‡Q| cÖwZ evwo ‡_‡KB hyeK ev cyi“l‡`i Avm‡Z n‡e| GUv
wKš‘ bv‡Ki wfZ‡i Rj wQ‡jv| A‡Zv cPv Rj bv‡Ki wfZi, ZLb Kvbœvq G‡Kev‡i ‡f‡O c‡owQ| Avgvi d¨vwgwji GKgvÎ Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv eva¨Zvg~jK| bv nB‡j Zv‡`i Avevi
96
m~wPcÎ |
Rxebvk¼v| Zv‡`i ‡Rvi Kwiqv wbqv Avm‡Zv j‡Â j‡Â, Rb¨ ILv‡b Avm‡Q| Avgiv mevB wg‡j cÖvYc‡Y mvov w`jvg ‡KD ‡KD WvKvWvwK KiwQ‡jv| ‡gvUvgywU
UÖjv‡i UÖjv‡i| Zv‡`i w`qv H ‡cqviv evMvb¸wj KvUv ‡h, Avgiv GBLv‡b| h‡Zv ‡Rv‡i cvwi Z‡Zv ‡Rv‡i mevB Avgv‡K wPb‡Zv mevB| H GjvKvq MÖv‡gi
nB‡Zv| H RvqMvi MÖvg¸‡jv wbwðý Kivi KviY wQ‡jv g~jZ wg‡j wPrKvi Kivi c‡i Dbviv Av‡¯— Av‡¯— Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q g‡a¨ ZLb ‡jLvcov Kiv ‡g‡qi msL¨v Kg wQ‡jv|
Avgv‡`i cuwPk QvweŸkUv MÖvg wQ‡jv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ GjvKv| Avm‡Q| ‡`Ljvg gv‡qi GK KvKv‡Zv fvB| Avgvi gvgv wZwb Avwg ZLb K‡j‡R cwo, ev‡MinvU wc.wm. K‡j‡R| Avwg
wn›`yiv Ges gyw³evwnbx H me RvqMvq AvkÖq wbwQ‡jv| Ggb K‡qKRb m½x wbqv Avgv‡`i D×v‡ii Rb¨ Avm‡Qb| wZwb wQjvg gyw³hy‡×i ¯^c‡¶| myZivs Kv‡iv Kv‡iv `…wó‡Z GKUy
wK SvjKvwV, ewikv‡ji A‡bK e¨emvqx wn›`yI HLv‡b AvkÖq Avgv‡`i H ‡bŠKvUv‡Z Zyj‡jb| Zvici gvgv Dbv‡`i wbqv LvivcB jvM‡Zv|
wbwQ‡jv| Zviv fvewQ‡jv ‡h, ‡cqviv evMv‡b cvK Avwg©, Mv‡Qi ¸wo¸jv mivBqv UivBqv GKUv Lvj cwi®‹vi Ki‡jb|
ivRvKviiv Avm‡e bv| GBRb¨ H me RvqMvq A‡bK ‡jvK Zvici Avgv‡`i mevB‡K ‡bŠKvq wbqv ‡jvKvj‡q wbqv ivBL¨v cÖkœ : Avcbviv H mgq wKfv‡e Rxeb aviY K‡iwQ‡jb ?
wQ‡jv| nvRv‡i nvRv‡i ‡jvK wQ‡jv| c‡ii w`bI MvQ KvUv Avm‡jv| Avi Avgv‡i wbqv H iv‡ÎB ILvb ‡_‡K beMÖvg
Ae¨vnZ _vK‡jv| cÖwZ w`bB GMv‡ivUvi w`K ‡_‡K ch©š— ‡M‡jv| gvSLv‡b `yBUv eo Lvj| ZLb ‡Zv Lvj ‡ek DËi : Rxeb evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ ‡cvov Pvj msMÖn K‡i wb‡q
evMvbUv‡K wN‡i ‡dj‡Zv| Avgiv g…Z¨y f‡q ‡`ŠovBZvg| eo wQ‡jv| ‡mB Lvj mvuZivBqv Avgiv beMÖv‡gi GK evwo‡Z we‡ji g‡a¨ GK evwo‡Z ivbœv n‡Zv| ‡mB ‡cvov Pv‡ji fvZ
wfRv Kvco| Avi ‡Zv ‡Kv‡bv Kvco Rvgv wQ‡jv bv, Lvevi wMqv AvkÖq wbjvg| ‡h wK we¯^v` Zv AvR g‡b Ki‡ZI Kó nq| A_P cÖv‡Y
wQ‡jv bv| hLb GBfv‡e AvKªgY Ki‡Zv ZLb Avgv‡`i evuP‡Z HUvB LvB‡Z nB‡Zv| ‡mB m‡½ cvwbKPy, kvcjv A_©vr
gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡`ŠuovB‡Z nB‡Zv| wKQy wKQy avb ‡LZI cÖkœ : Avcwb ejwQ‡jb ‡h, A‡bK ‡jvK ‡cqviv evMvb ‡K‡U we‡ji g‡a¨ hv cvIqv hvq ZvB w`‡q ivbœv n‡Zv| ZLb
wQ‡jv| ZLb Kªwjs-Gi g‡Zv K‡i ey‡K gvwU UvBbœv g…Z¨yi ‡djwQ‡jv| GB ‡cqviv evMvb ‡K‡U ‡djvi Rb¨ ‡h ‡jvKRb evB‡ii evRv‡ii m‡½ ‡Kv‡bv ‡hvMv‡hvM wQ‡jv bv| je‡Yi
f‡q‡Z hvIqv jvM‡Zv| wfZ‡i A‡bK¸wj Lvj wQ‡jv H G‡mwQ‡jv I‡`i ‡bZ…‡Z¡ ‡K ev Kviv wQ‡jv ? Afve wQ‡jv cÖP | jeY QvovB Avgv‡`i ‡mB A‡a©K ‡cvov
evMvb GjvKvq| ‡mÖvZ Lye| evev‡i gvB‡i dvjvB‡Q| GLb Avi A‡a©K fvj PvD‡ji fvZ Avi kvcjv wm× ‡L‡Z n‡Zv|
fvB‡K ‡Zv evuPvB‡Z n‡e| I‡K GK nv‡Z wbqv Avi GK nvZ DËi : Avgiv ï‡bwQjvg ‡h, AvLZvi e¨vwi÷vi, gymwjg jxM GKw`b Avgvi gv ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K GKUv cyUywj‡Z K‡i wfRv‡bv
w`‡q mvuZ‡i cvi n‡q hvBZvg| ZLb ‡`LwQ ‡h mevB GK| ‡_‡K wbe©vP‡b `vuovBwQ‡jb| wZwb nvBiv ‡M‡Qb| GB nvivUv AvZc Pvj wb‡q Avm‡jb| ‡mB Pvj `yB w`b ch©š— ‡evanq
g…Z¨y f‡q fxZ mevB| mevB GK mv‡_ ‡`ŠuovBZvg| GK Zvu‡K cÖwZ‡kvacivqY K‡i Zy‡j| ‡bQvivev‡`i ûRyi wZwbI cvwbi wb‡P wQ‡jv| d‡j, MÜ wQ‡jv cÖP | ‡mB Pvj wm×
mv‡_ WyevBZvg| GBfv‡e Pvi cvuP w`b Pj‡jv| evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb ‡nvK GBUv PvBwQ‡jv bv| GB `yÕRbvi K‡iI ‡L‡qwQ| Avi w`‡bi ‡ejv ‡cqviv ‡Uqviv LvBZvg|
‡bZ…‡Z¡B ‡cqviv evMvb KvUv nq e‡j ïbwQ| nvRvi nvRvi ‡cqviv Qvov Avi wKQyB LvIqvi wQ‡jv bv ZLb|
cÖkœ : KZ ZvwiL ? ‡jvK‡K ‡Rvic~e©K, ejc~e©K wewfbœ _vbv ‡_‡K a‡i wb‡q
Avmv nq| cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq ‡Kv‡bv evwoNi cyov‡bv ev jyUcvU
DËi : GUv n‡e 8 Avlvp m¤¢eZ| AvUB Avlvp iv‡Î mg¯— n‡qwQ‡jv wK ?
evMvb weivb GjvKv‡Z cwiYZ nq| A_©vr MvQcvjv KvBU¨v cÖkœ : Avcbvi K_vq Avcwb GKwU kã e¨envi K‡i‡Qb
dvjvB‡Q me| GLv‡b ILv‡b ïay jvk| Avi ‡jvKRb hv‡`i ÔcvBwQ,Õ ÔcvBwQÕ e‡j| GB kãwU Kviv Ki‡Zv Ges ‡Kb DËi : n¨vu, me evwo cyov‡bv nB‡Q| me evwo jyUcvU nB‡Q|
MvwR©qvb wQ‡jv Zviv ‡Zv me ILvb ‡_‡K PBjv ‡M‡jv| ‡KD Ki‡Zv, Kv‡`i LyuR‡Zv ? me evwoiB `yB Pvi Rb K‡i ‡jvK gviv ‡M‡Q, aBiv wbqv
BwÛqv PBjv ‡M‡jv| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i ‡Zv MvwR©qvb wQ‡jv bv| ‡M‡Q A_ev ¸wj K‡i ev ‡eq‡bU PvR© K‡i gvi‡Q|
Avgv‡`i hvIqv Avi ‡Kv_vI nB‡jv bv| Avgiv ‡ivR Hfv‡e DËi : Avgv‡`i jyKv‡bvi welqwU mevB ‡R‡b ‡MwQ‡jv| Avwg AvQwo‡qI gviv nB‡Q A‡bK‡i|
‡`ŠovBqv cvjvBqv KPywii wfZ‡i jyKvBqv _vK‡Z jvMjvg| e‡jwQ, GUv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ GjvKv| wn›`y ‡g‡q, cyi“l, hyev,
GKw`b ivZ GMv‡ivUvi w`‡K Avgiv cÖvYc‡Y Kq fvB-‡evb e…× mevB R‡ji KPywii wfZ‡i cjvBwQ‡jv| Iiv cvBwQ, cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq GB ‡h, evwoNi¸‡jv jyU Ges cyov‡bv
Ges gv wg‡j GKUv ‡bŠKv D×v‡ii ‡Póv Kijvg| GBRb¨ ‡h, cvBwQ ej‡j hv‡Z gvbyl weåvš— nq Ges Lv‡ji KPywii wfZi nB‡Q, cÖ_g wK jyU nB‡Q bv cÖ_‡g cyov‡bv n‡q‡Q ?
‡bŠKv K‡i Avgiv GLvb ‡_‡K ‡Kv_vI ‡ei n‡q hvB‡Z cvwi ‡_‡K evBi nBqv Av‡m| gvbylRb‡K weåvš— Kivi Rb¨B Iiv
wKbv| hw`I ‡bŠKv PvjvBevi g‡Zv ‡KD wQ‡jv bv, ZeyI GB ÔcvBwQÕ ÔcvBwQÕ kã¸wj e¨envi Ki‡Zv| c‡i ïbwQ ‡h, DËi : cÖ_‡g jyU Ges m‡½ m‡½ cyov‡bv cvkvcvwkB Pj‡Q|
evuPvi cÖPÛ ‡Póv| c‡_ h‡Zv MvQ KvBU¨v ‡dj‡Q ‡m me GB k‡ã A‡b‡K ‡ei nBqv Avm‡Q| Lvj QvBov DV‡Q| ZLb Av‡M jyU KBiv gvjvgvj wbqv c‡i Av¸b w`qv w`‡Q|
mivBqv mivBqv ‡Kv‡bvfv‡e GKUv Lvj cwi®‹vi Kwi hv‡Z Zv‡i aBiv wb‡Q| wKš‘ Avwg m‡PZb wQjvg ‡h, hZ¶Y ch©š— Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g GKUv ev `yBUv Ni _vK‡Z cv‡i, ‡mB mgq
evB‡i ‡ei nB‡Z cvwi| Lvj hLb cwi®‹vi Kwi GB mgq ïwb Avgv‡i Py‡ji gywV aBiv bv DVvB‡e ZZ¶Y Avwg DV‡ev bv| Avi ‡Kv‡bv evwo A¶Z wQ‡jv bv| me evwo cyovB w`wQ‡jv|
A‡bK `~i ‡_‡K Avgvi bvg a‡i ‡KD WvK‡Q| ZLb eyS‡Z GB Rb¨ H k‡ã Avgv‡i weåvš— Ki‡Z cv‡i bvB| cieZ©x‡Z
cvijvg ‡h, ‡Kv‡bv AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb nq‡Zv Avgv‡`i D×vi Kivi ïbwQjvg ‡h, Avgvi bvg awiqvI bvwK ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv GjvKvq cÖkœ : Avcbv‡`i ‡cqviv evMvb GjvKvq K‡ZvwU MÖvg ev
97
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Ki‡Zv| wKQy‡ZB gvb‡Zv bv, gvBb¨v wb‡Zv bv ‡h, Zvi w`‡Q| H ms¯’v Avgv‡i ¯^vaxbZvi ci GKÕk
‡Q‡j‡K cvwK¯—vwbiv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| DËi : GLb ‡`‡kB Av‡Q| Iiv ¯^vaxbZvi ci GKUy UvKv w`wQ‡jv Avi m¤¢eZ Avav gb AvZc Pvj|
AvZ¥‡Mvcb K‡iwQ‡jv| MÖv‡g wQ‡jv bv| wKš‘ GLb Zviv Avi Avwg QvÎx wnmv‡e ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i K‡jR ‡Lvjvi
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq KLb ‡_‡K gyw³evwnbxi ZrciZv ïi“ Avevi MÖv‡gB envj Zweq‡Z Av‡Q| c‡i ev‡Minv‡U Avgv‡i Avav gY PvDj, Avav gY Mg Ges
nq Ges ZLb gyw³evwnbx m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi g‡bvfve ‡Kgb ivgK…ò wgkb n‡Z `yÕ‡Uv kvwo w`wQ‡jv| wKQy UvKv cqmvI
wQ‡jv ? cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖv‡g ev GjvKvq Avj-e`i Avj-kvgm Kviv w`wQ‡jv Zviv| Zvici ¯’vbxq ‡Pqvig¨vb Dwb gymwjg wQ‡jb|
wQ‡jv? Zviv GLb ‡Kv_vq ? beMÖv‡g evwo| Dwb evev‡i Lye kÖ×v Ki‡Zb| Dwb Avgv‡`i
DËi : RbM‡Yi GKvš— Kv‡Qi gvbyl wQ‡jv gyw³evwnbx|
GKvš— AvcbRb gyw³evwnbx‡K h‡Zv cÖKv‡i mvnvh¨ Kiv ‡ek mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ‡jb| wKQy Pvj, Mg, Kvc‡oi e¨e¯’v
DËi : Avgv‡`i MÖvg ‡Zv wn›`y Aa¨ywlZ| Avgv‡`i MÖv‡gi K‡iwQ‡jb| K¤^jI wiwjd wnmv‡e w`‡qwQ‡jv| GBfv‡eB
`iKvi, ‡mUv Avgv‡`i GjvKvi RbMY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i
‡KD H me evwnbx‡Z wQ‡jv bv| Avgv‡`i cvkvcvwk Avgiv cieZ©x‡Z ‡eu‡P wQjvg|
‡MvcbxqZv i¶v K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i Lv`¨ ‡RvMvB‡Q, Zv‡`i
KvwjKv›`v, evIKvwV H me GjvKvq wQ‡jv| Zvici beMÖvg,
AvkÖq w`‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i GjvKvi gvbyl me©‡Zvfv‡e Zv‡`i
mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Q Ges RbMY Zv‡`i‡KB A_©vr
wkgywjqv Hme GjvKvi ‡jvKRbI wQ‡jv| cÖkœ : hy‡×i ‡k‡l Avcwb wK Ki‡jb ?
gyw³evwnbx‡KB ÎvYKZ©v wnmv‡e ‡f‡e wb‡qwQ‡jv| ‡cqviv DËi : hy‡×i ‡k‡l g‡b Kijvg ‡h, ‡jLvcov Ki‡ZB n‡e|
cÖkœ : hy‡×i ‡k‡l MÖv‡g wd‡i wK Ae¯’v ‡`L‡jb ? Avcbvi
evMv‡bi gv‡S gv‡S GKUv evwo _vK‡Zv| Hme evwo‡Z g~jZ evuP‡Z n‡j ‡jLvcovB Avmj| ZLb Avwg ev‡Minv‡U P‡j
MÖv‡gi ev GjvKvi ¯‹yj, K‡jR, gmwR`, gv`Övmv, gw›`i, weÖR
gyw³evwnbxi K¨v¤ú wQ‡jv Ges ILv‡bB Zviv ‡UÖwbs wb‡Zv| hvB| Avwg Av‡MB ‡evanq e‡jwQ ‡h, L…÷vb‡`i GKUv ms¯’v
I evwoN‡ii Ae¯’v ?
‡`LZvg Zviv ‡UÖwbs wb‡”Q| Avgv‡`i GjvKvi A‡bK ‡Q‡j wQ‡jv webqKvwV‡Z, Iiv Avgv‡i wKQy mvnvh¨ w`wQ‡jv| ‡mB
‡g‡q gyw³evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jv Ges ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ‡jv| mvnvh¨ wbqv Avwg ev‡Minv‡U PBj¨v hvB| ev‡Minv‡U Avwg
DËi : Avwg ‡Zv Av‡MB e‡jwQ ‡h, Avgv‡`i ILv‡b
GB gyn~‡Z© Avwg Zv‡`i bvg ¯§iY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv| Ges Avgvi GK evÜex Iiv KjKvZvi më‡j‡K K¨v‡¤ú
A‡bK¸‡jv MÖv‡gB ‡Kv‡bv Ni wQ‡jv bv| A‡bK MvQcvjv KvUv
cÖkœ : Avcbvi GjvKvq ‡h me NUbv N‡UwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b wQ‡jv| ïay R½j Avi R½j, jZvwj Mv‡Qi R½j| Mi“ AvkÖq wbwQ‡jv, ‡mLv‡b Ii gv gviv hvq `yÕR‡b ZLb
‡g‡q‡`i Dc‡i ‡Kv‡bv AgvbweK ev cvkweK wbh©vZb Kiv evQyiI wQ‡jv bv| ‡Kv‡bv wRwbmcÎ wQ‡jv bv| AwaKvskB ev‡MiMnvU K‡j‡R coZvg| K‡j‡Ri ZLb wcÖwÝcvj wQ‡jb
n‡qwQ‡jv wK ? fvi‡Z wMqv AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jv| Avgv‡`i QvweŸkUv MÖv‡gi K_v kÖ‡×q AvmgZ Avjx AvL›`| Dwb Avgv‡`i K_v ï‡b
Avwg ej‡ev MÖv‡gi cÖvq ‡jvKB fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jv Ges Avgv‡`i `yÕRbv‡i `yB m¨v‡ii evmvq jwRs-Gi e¨e¯’v K‡i
DËi : Avwg ‡Zv ‡m me NUbv cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Z cvwi bvB| Z‡e Zviv ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i c‡i ‡`‡k wdi‡Q| K¨v‡¤ú ‡h nvwoKywo w`‡jb| Avgvi m¨vi wQ‡jb kÖ‡×q myfvlP›`Ö cvj| ZrKvjxb
Avwg ï‡bwQ| Avgv‡`i GjvKvUv ‡Zv ‡gvUvgywU wkw¶Z Zv‡`i w`wQ‡jv ‡mBUvB Zv‡`i m¤^j wQ‡jv| Zviv evwo‡Z ev‡MinvU wc.wm. K‡j‡Ri As‡Ki wUPvi| Dwb cieZ©x‡Z
GjvKv| me evwoi ‡g‡qivB ‡jLvcov wkL‡Zv| K‡j‡R AvBmv av‡bi LoKy‡Uv w`qv A_ev ‡MvjcvZv w`qv ‡Kv‡bvfv‡e Aek¨ fviZ PBjv ‡M‡Qb| Avi Avgvi evÜexI Av‡iK
co‡Zv| XvKvmn wewfbœ RvqMvq covïbv Ki‡Zv| c‡i ï‡bwQ ‡QvULv‡Uv Ni ZyBjv G‡KK N‡i cuwPk wÎk Rb wg‡j m¨v‡ii evmvq, Dbvi bvgUv Avwg fy‡j ‡MwQ, wdÖ jwRs
‡h, ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv evwoi ‡g‡q‡`i bvwK a‡i wb‡q ‡MwQ‡jv VvmvVvwm K‡i _vK‡Zv| Avgiv H iKg `yBUv Pv‡ji wb‡P cÖvq _vK‡jv| GUv Avgv‡`i wcÖwÝcvj m¨viB e¨e¯’v K‡i
wgwjUvwiiv| GK eQ‡ii g‡Zv wQjvg| Avgv‡`i GjvKvq j½iLvbv w`‡qwQ‡jb|
cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖvg ev GjvKvq Kviv ivRvKvi wQ‡jv, kvwš— LyjwQ‡jv Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q| Avgvi ‡mR ‡evb Ges Avwg
GKUy j¾v cvBZvg Lvevi Avb‡Z| Avwg ZLb eo| ‡mR cÖkœ : Avcbvi MÖvg ev GjvKvi ‡Kvb ‡Kvb RvqMv‡Z e¨vcK
KwgwU‡Z Kviv wQ‡jv—Zviv GLb ‡Kv_vq ? nZ¨vKv , jyUcvU, AwMœms‡hvM Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv G me Kviv
‡evbI eo| ‡QvU ‡evbUv ZLb wm‡O co‡Zv| ‡m Avi Avgvi
K‡iwQ‡jv ?
DËi : ‡eZ&ov cÖvBgvwi ¯‹y‡ji ZrKvjxb ‡nWwUPvi kvwš— ‡QvU fvB ‡h Uy-‡Z co‡Zv Iiv GKUv Mvgjv ev GKUv nvwo
KwgwU‡Z wQ‡jv| Zvici evIKvwV nvB¯‹y‡ji `yB GKRb wb‡q j½iLvbvq hvB‡Zv| GK wm‡×i Pvj bv wK e‡j Zvi DËi : RM`xkcyi, ivgcyi, ‡evniv, kvLvMvwQ, KvcoKvwV,
wUPviI wQ‡jv| Zv‡`i bvg Avwg wVK ej‡Z cvi‡ev bv| GKUv RvD-Gi g‡Zv ev wLPywoi g‡Zv ivbœv Ki‡Zv| Zviv kZ`kKvwV Ges wegwj‡Z e¨vcK nZ¨vKv Uvwiiv ‡gBb iv¯—vq
evIKvwV ¯‹y‡ji GK wUPv‡ii ‡Q‡j ivRvKv‡ii ‡nW wQ‡jv| HUv nvwo fBiv wbqv Avm‡Zv| ‡mBUv Avgiv LvBZvg| Avi ‡M‡Q| wKš‘ wfZ‡i mvaviYZ ivRvKviivB GB KvR¸jv
evIKvwV‡Z ivRvKv‡ii ‡h GKUv K¨v¤ú K‡iwQ‡jv ‡mB wQ‡jv QvZy, fyÆvi QvZy bv wK ej‡Zv, HUv Avm‡Z jvM‡jv| Ki‡Q|
K¨v‡¤úi ‡nW wQ‡jv ‡m| HUv cvBZvg| HUv gvBL¨v mKvj weKv‡j LvBZvg| `ycyi
cÖkœ : Avcwb hv‡`i K_v ej‡jb, Giv GLb wK Ae¯’vq Av‡Q ‡ejv j½iLvbvi ‡mB RvD| wKQy Mg UgI cvBZvg wiwjd mv¶vrKvi MÖn‡Yi ZvwiL : AvM÷ 12 I 14, 1996
ev ‡Kv_vq Av‡Q ? wnmv‡e| ivgK…ò wgkb wKQy Kvco w`‡Q| wKQy wKQy UvKvI
99
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100
m~wPcÎ |
101
m~wPcÎ |
102
m~wPcÎ |
1971 Gi gvP© gv‡mi mgqUv wQ‡jv fq¼i| ZviciI ‡mB m`¨ ‡hvM w`‡qwQ| gv‡P©i ïi“‡ZB cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡mbvm`m¨iv AvkdvKy¾vgvb Lvb| wZwbB ‡Mvc‡b Avgv‡`i Rvbvb, Avgiv
fq¼i w`b¸‡jv‡Z cvwK¯—vb ‡iwWIi XvKv ‡K‡›`Öi K‡qKRb mk¯¿ Ae¯’vb ‡bq kvnev‡Mi IB ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Ö| ‡Kvb ‡mbv wb‡lavÁv D‡c¶v K‡i ‡iwWI‡Z mivmwi e½eÜyi fvlY
`ytmvnmx Kg©KZ©v Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q e½eÜyi 7 gv‡P©i Abyôvb hv‡e Avi ‡KvbwU hv‡e bv, mvgwiK ‡Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi cÖPvi Ki‡ev| ‡m-wK D‡ËRbv Avgv‡`i g‡a¨! 6 gvP© iv‡ZB
HwZnvwmK ‡m fvlY m¤cÖPvi K‡iwQ‡jb| cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK ‡gRi wmwÏK mv‡jK GwU wbqwgZ Z`viwK Ki‡Zb| GiB ‡iwWIi cÖ‡KŠkjxiv igbv ‡im‡Kvm© gv‡V ‡h g ‡_‡K
Rvš—vi i³P¶y D‡c¶v K‡i 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© ‡im‡Kvm© g‡a¨ Avgiv Av‡›`vjb-msMÖv‡gi Lei, ‡k¬vMvb, MYm½xZ, e½eÜy fvlY ‡`‡eb, ‡mLv‡b ‡Uwj‡dv‡bi Zvi I Ab¨vb¨
gq`v‡bi Rbmfvq ‡kL gywRe ‡h fvlY ‡`b Zv m¤cÖPv‡ii ‡`kvZ¥‡evaK Mvb, bvUK - BZ¨vw` Abyôvb cÖPvi KiZvg|' hš¿cvwZ emvq|'
Rb¨ `ytmvnmx ‡mme Kg©KZ©v‡`i Kv‡Q RvwZ wPiK…ZÁ|
AwMœSiv ‡mB fvl‡Yi welqe¯—y ‡cŠu‡Q wM‡qwQ‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki 'Avgv‡`i ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡Zb ‡iwWIi AvÂwjK cwiPvjK AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb e‡jb, '7 gvP© ‡ejv 2Uvq e½eÜyi
cÖwZwU cÖv‡š—| G fvl‡Yi ga¨ w`‡qB evOvwji ‡bZv cvwK¯—vb fvlY ‡`Iqvi K_v| ‡ejv 12Uv ‡_‡K Avgiv ‡iwWI‡Z
miKv‡ii mv‡_ hveZxq m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi ‡NvlYv K‡ib| G wKQy¶Y ci ci ‡NvlYv w`‡Z _vwK, e½eÜyi fvlY mivmwi
fvl‡Yi evOvwji ¯^vwaKv‡ii AvKv•Lv‡K AviI D‡¯‹ cÖPvi Kiv K_v| e½eÜy GKUy ‡`wi‡Z ‡ejv 2Uv 20 wgwb‡Ui
w`‡qwQ‡jv| Av¸b awi‡q w`‡qwQ‡jv RbM‡Yi g‡b| w`‡K g‡Â Av‡mb|
Gw`‡K GKB mgq ‡iwWI Awd‡m ‡gRi wmwÏK mv‡jK
cvwK¯—vb ‡iwWIi kvnevM ‡K‡›`Ö cÖ‡ek KivUvI Kg©KZ©v‡`i ‡Uwj‡dv‡b ‡g‡mR cvVvb: bvw_s Ae ‡kL gywReyi ingvb
Rb¨ wQj KwVb GK e¨vcvi| m¤cÖPv‡ii e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv DBj ‡Mv Ab `¨ Gqvi AvbwUj dvi`vi AW©vi|...
Rvwi K‡iwQj mvgwiK miKvi| Gme mvgwiK wbqš¿Y GB ‡g‡mR cvIqvi m‡½ m‡½ Avgiv cÖwZev` wn‡m‡e
cÖZ¨vnv‡ii `vwe‡Z Zvr¶wYK cÖwZev‡` ‡iwWIi Kg©KZ©v- ‡iwWIi mg¯— KvRKg© eÜ K‡i w`‡q Awdm ‡Q‡o ‡im‡Kvm©
Kg©Pvixiv GK ag©N‡Ui WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb| ‡h AvU-`kRb gq`v‡b e½eÜyi fvlY ïb‡Z P‡j hvB| IB w`b Avgiv
‡eZviKg©x Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q '71 G e½eÜyi 7 gv‡P©i ‡iwWIi Abyôvb eqKU Kwi| mvfv‡i GKwU weKí kw³kvjx
HwZnvwmK fvlY ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKv ‡K›`Ö ‡_‡K cÖPvi UÖvÝwgUvi wQ‡jv| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K ‡h‡bv Avevi Abyôvb cÖPvi
K‡ib, Zv‡`i GKRb AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb| ‡iwWI cvwK¯— Kiv bv nq, ‡m Rb¨ ‡mLv‡b UÖvsKj K‡i Lei ‡`Iqv nq
vb ‡Q‡o cieZ©x‡Z wZwb ‡hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi mKj ‡iwWI Kg©x‡K AvZœ‡Mvcb Kivi Rb¨| IBw`b
‡K‡›`Ö| eQi `y‡qK Av‡M Avwg GB AKy‡Zvfq ‰mwbK ‡iwWI‡Z Avi ‡Kv‡bv Abyôvb cÖPvi Kiv nqwb|'
AvkdvKyi ingv‡bi mÜvb cvB AvgviB Av‡iK mnKg©x
bRi“j Bmjv‡gi gva¨‡g| wZwbI GKmgq evsjv‡`k ‡eZv‡i wZwb ¯§…wZ nvZ‡o e‡j P‡jb, 'IB mܨvq Avgiv Gwjd¨v›U
KvR Kivi mgq GB e¨w³Z¡ m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb| avbg- ‡iv‡Wi GK evmvq ‡Mvcb ‰eV‡K ewm| iv‡Z Avgv‡`i ‡bZv
wÛi evmvq AvjvcKv‡j GB gyw³‡hv×v evi“`Siv ‡mB AvÂwjK cwiPvjK AvkdvKy¾vgvb Lei wb‡q Av‡mb,
w`b¸‡jvi ¯§…wZPviY K‡ib| Zvi K‡_vcK_b ‡_‡K ‡m mgq ‡mbvevwnbx ivwR n‡q‡Q ‡iwWI‡Z e½eÜyi fvlY cÖPvi
Avwg wewWwbDR ‡Uv‡qw›U‡dvi WUKg Gi Rb¨ ‰Zwi Kwi Ki‡Z| Z‡e kZ© n‡”Q, mevB‡K Kv‡R wd‡i ‡h‡Z n‡e|
GKwU we‡kl cÖwZ‡e`b| ciw`b 8 gvP© mKvj 7Uvq Avgiv Avevi Kv‡R ‡hvM ‡`B|
‡iwWI‡Z cÖPvi Kiv nq ‡iKW© Kiv e½eÜyi ‡mB HwZnvwmK
‡m mgq AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb e‡jb, 'ZLb Avgvi eqm gvÎ fvlY Ô...Gev‡ii msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg,
28| ‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb XvKv ‡K‡›`Ö Abyôvb msMVK wn‡m‡e AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb ÑQwe : wewWwbDR ‡Uv‡qw›U‡dvi WUKg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg...Õ
103
m~wPcÎ |
7B gv‡P©i ‡mB HwZnvwmK fvlY wKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nj, Zvi ‡bqv ‡h KZ mvn‡mi KvR wQ‡jv, GLb Zv eyS‡Z cvwi| RvqMvI wQj bv| Avgiv ‡ek Av‡MB g‡Â D‡V gvB‡Kªv‡dvb
‡cQ‡bI wQj wKQy msMÖvgx gvby‡li AmvaviY exiZ¡| GgbB ‡iwWIi Abyôvb, evZ©v, Ges cÖ‡KŠkj wefv‡Mi Kg©KZ©v I ‡mU K‡i ‡djjvg| Avwg Avgvi m‡½ wbjvg ‡cv‡U©ej
GK exi gyw³‡hv×v bv‡mi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix| eZ©gv‡b gvwK©b Kg©Pvix, GK K_vq mgMÖ ‡iwWIi Kg©KZ©v Kg©Pvixi BGgAvB ‡Uc‡iKW©vi| wba©vwiZ mg‡qi A‡bK c‡i e½eÜy
hy³ivóª cÖevmx GB wbf…Z kã‰mwbK PvBwQ‡jb Zvi ¯§„wZK_v mn‡hvwMZv Qvov hv wKQy‡ZB Kiv m¤¢e wQj bv| gv‡V G‡jb| ‡mB mgq AvKv‡k ‡c¬b ‡`Lv ‡Mj| ‡mB ‡c¬‡b
Rv`yRv‡ji cvZvq msiw¶Z _vKyK| GB mvnwmKZv Kivi wcQ‡b we‡klfv‡e hvu‡`i bvg Ki‡Z ‡j. ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi Avmvi K_v, mviv gv‡V D‡ËRbv
‡mB ARvbv NUbv cÖ_gev‡ii gZ AbjvB‡b| cÖK…ZB Zuvi nq, Zviv n‡jbÑ weivR KiwQ‡jv| e½eÜy g‡Â D‡V fvlY ïi“ Ki‡Z hv‡eb|
¯§„wZPviYvwU Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki wjwfs wnw÷Öi Rbve Avkivdy¾vgvb Lvb - cwiPvjK Ggb mgq ‡iwWIi wWDwU i“g ‡_‡K B›UviK‡gi gva¨‡g
Ask nIqv DwPZ| ïbyb Zuvi Revwb‡ZBÑ Rbve Avngv`y¾vgvb - mnKvix cwiPvjK evnivg wmwÏKx g‡Â Avgv‡`i‡K Rvbv‡jv ‡h GB gvÎ ‡gRi
Rbve geRyjyj ‡nv‡mb - mnKvix cwiPvjK wmwÏK mv‡jK
Avgvi GK Nwbô eÜy memgq VvÆv”Q‡j e‡j _v‡K Ô‡`v¯— Rbve gwdRyj nK - mnKvix cwiPvjK Rvwb‡q‡Qb, ‡Kvbg‡ZB
‡Zvi Rb¨ Avgiv ¯^vaxbZv ‡c‡qwQ| ZyB hw` ‡mw`b RvwZi Rbve mvBdyj evwi - evZ©v cwiPvjK ‡kL gywRey‡ii fvlY
wcZv e½eÜy ‡kL gwReyi ingv‡bi 7B gv‡P©i fvlb ‡iKW© Rbve RvjvjDÏxb i“gx - Abyôvb msMVK ‡iKW© Kiv hv‡e bv,
K‡i cÖPvi bv KiwZm, Z‡e ‡`‡ki ‡jvK e½eÜyi ¯^vaxbZvi Rbve AvkdvKyi ingvb - Abyôvb msMVK cÖPvi Ki‡j ‡iwWI
WvK ïb‡ZB ‡c‡Zv bv, hy‡×i Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZI n‡Zv bv|Ô Z‡e Rbve Zv‡ni myjZvb - Abyôvb msMVK Dwo‡q ‡`qv n‡e| m‡½
Avwg ewj wVK Zv bv, evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv bq gv‡mi Rbve kvgmyj Avjg - Abyôvb msMVK m‡½ mivmwi cÖPvi eÜ
gyw³‡hv×v gyw³ msMÖvgx gvby‡li Z¨v‡Mi Rb¨B G‡m‡Q| Rbve KvRx iwdK - Abyôvb msMVK K‡i ‡`qv n‡jv| e½eÜy
¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i c~e© ‡_‡KB cU cwieZ©‡bi cÖ¯—ywZ PjwQ‡jv| Rbve evnivgDÏxb wmwÏKx - Abyôvb msMVK Zvi HwZnvwmK e³…Zv
Ges G‡¶‡Î RbgZ ‰Zwi‡Z ZrKvjxb ‡iwWI ïi“ ‡_‡KB Rbve gxi ivqnvb - Abyôvb cÖ‡hvRK ïi“ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb, Avwg
¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i AvmwQ‡jv| Rbve d‡qR Avng` ‡PŠa~ix - mnKvix evZ©v cwiPvjK Avgvi mv‡_ ‡QvÆ ‡Uc
‡iKW©v‡i ‡iKwW©s ïi“
Avwg ZLb ‡iwWI cvwK¯—v‡bi XvKvi Abyôvb msMV‡Ki c‡` Gevi Avwm 1971 mv‡ji HwZnvwmK 7B gv‡P©i fvlb cÖm‡½| K‡i w`jvg| mnKvix
Kg©iZ| Avgvi `vwqZ¡ wQj ‡iwWIi evB‡ii mKj Abyôvb cÖPvi Kiv n‡jv e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY mivmwi XvKv ‡eZvi cwiPvjK Avngv`y¾vgvb
‡iKW© K‡i cÖPv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv| Avgvi m‡½ Abyôvb cÖ‡hvRK ‡K›`Ö cÖPvi Ki‡e ZrKvjxb ‡im‡Kvm© gq`vb ‡_‡K| me GKwU ‡QvÆ wPiK‚‡U
wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Zv gxi ivqnvb| e¨e¯’v ‡bqv n‡jv| cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb Lvb me ‡iwWIi ÔAvwg© fvlY cÖPvi Ki‡Z
Kg©Pvix‡`i `vwqZ¡ eywS‡q w`‡jb| ‡im‡Kvm© gv‡V g‡Âi w`‡”Q bvÕ wj‡L g‡Â
B‡jKkv‡b ‡RZvi ci ‡kL gwReyi ingv‡bi cvwK¯—v‡bi Dc‡i cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb, mnKvix cwiPvjK Dcweó cwiPvjK
cÖavbgš¿x nIqvi K_v, wKš‘ mevB eyS‡Z cviwQj cwðg Avngv`y¾vgvb Ges Avwg bvmvi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix _vK‡ev| Avkivdy¾vgv‡bi nv‡Z GKvˇii ‡mB mvnmx ‰mwbK
cvwK¯—vbxiv wKQy‡ZB ‡mUv n‡Z ‡`‡e bv| ‡mUv AvuP Ki‡Z cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM ‡_‡K Rbve mvgv` mv‡n‡ei bvg g‡b c‡o| w`‡jb| Avkivdy¾vgvb bv‡mi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix
‡c‡iwQ‡jb e½eÜy Ges QvÎ ‡bZviv| ZLb ‡_‡KB Amn‡hvM g‡Âi wb‡P Rbve kvgmyj Avjg, KvRx iwdK, ‡iwWIi wWDwU mv‡ne ‡mUv Uv½vB‡ji Ggwci (Avgvi GLb bvg g‡b co‡Q
Av‡›`vj‡bi f~wgKv ‰Zix n‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv| ‡iwWI wcwQ‡q i“‡g evnivgDwÏb wmwÏKx, mvfvi cÖPvi ‡K‡›`Ö cÖ‡KŠkj bv) nv‡Z w`‡jb| ZLb e³„Zv A‡bKLvwb cÖPvi n‡q ‡M‡Q|
_vK‡jv bv| Avgiv ewjô c`‡¶c wnmv‡e Ô‡iwWI cvwK¯—vb wefv‡Mi Kg©Pvixi m‡½ gxi ivqnvb| mKvj ‡_‡KB Nb Nb wZwb e½eÜyi nv‡Z wPiK‚UwU ‡cŠ‡Q w`‡jb|
XvKvÕ-i bvg cwieZ©b K‡i ÔXvKv ‡eZvi ‡K›`ÖÕ ivLjvg, Ges cÖPvi Kiv nw”Qj e½eÜyi fvlY mivmwi ‡im‡Kvm© gvV ‡_‡K
GB bv‡g cÖPvi ïi“ K‡i w`jvg| ‡m mgq GZeo c`‡¶c cÖPvi Kiv n‡e| ‡im‡Kvm© gvV ‡jv‡K ‡jvKviY¨, wZj avi‡Yi Avcbviv hviv e³„Zv ï‡b‡Qb, Zv‡`i g‡b _vKvi K_v e³„Zvi
104
m~wPcÎ |
GK ch©v‡q e½eÜy e‡jwQ‡jb Ô...GB gvÎ Lei ‡cjvg Zviv ‡iwWI ‡Lvjv n‡e| mKvj ‡_‡K Nb Nb ‡NvlYvi c‡i Avgvi Ki‡Q G¸‡jv ‡iKW© Ki‡Z hvw”Q|Õ Zviv eyS‡Z
Avgvi e³„Zv cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡”Q bv| ‡iwWI ‡Uwjwfk‡bi ‡iKW© Kiv ‡mB ‡Uc `y‡Uv evRv‡bv n‡jv| c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi me cvi‡Zv bv| ‡Q‡o w`Z|
Kg©Pvixiv Avcbviv Kv‡R hv‡eb bv hZ¶Y bv Avgvi fvlY A‡ji ‡jvK ‡mB fvlY ï‡b eyS‡Z cvi‡jv ¯^vaxbZvi WvK ‡iwWIi cwiPvjK Avkivdy¾vgvb‡K mwi‡q w`‡q Zvi RvqMvq
cÖPvi Ki‡Z ‡`q| Awdm Av`vjZ me eÜ K‡i ‡`qv n‡jv| ‡`qv n‡q‡Q| Zviv mevB ¯^vaxbZvi cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z ïi“ Ki‡jv| ‰mq` wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne‡K Avbv n‡jv| wRj¬yi ingvb
...Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg|Õ mviv gv‡V D‡ËRbv Gi ci e½eÜyi BwÄwbqvwis n‡ji fvlY, 23‡k gvP© e½eÜyi mv‡ne Avgv‡K Lye ‡mœn Ki‡Zb| GKw`b Zvi K‡¶ Avgvi
Qwo‡q co‡jv| Avwg `y‡Uv ‡U‡c mgMÖ fvlY ‡iKW© K‡i 32 bs evmvq ‡`qv fvlYÑ me ‡iKW© K‡i cÖPvi Kiv n‡jv| WvK co‡jv| ‡mLv‡b wM‡q ‡`wL GKRb Avwg© Awdmvi e‡m
wbjvg| fvlY ‡k‡l ‡Uc `y‡Uv mveav‡b Avgvi kv‡U©i wfZ‡i Zvici G‡jv ‡mB wefxwlKvgq 25‡k gv‡P©i ivZ| Av‡Qb| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb, ÔBwb
jywK‡q ‡djjvg Ges `ª“Z g ‡_‡K ‡Uc‡iKW©vi, ÷¨vÛ wb‡q Gi c~‡e© ‡kivUb ‡nv‡U‡j ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb, f~‡Æv Ges K‡Y©j Kv‡kg, ‡Zvgvi wei“‡× Bbvi wKQy Awf‡hvM Av‡Q|
wb‡P ‡b‡g cojvg| ZLb ‡jvK ‡h ‡hw`‡K cvi‡Q Qy‡U ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi g‡a¨ `iKlvKwl ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Avm‡j Zywg gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m‡½ wg‡k ‡`k‡`ÖvwnZvi KvR Ki‡Qv|Õ
hv‡”Q| wb‡P Avjg, KvRx iwd‡Ki m‡½ ‡`Lv n‡jv| Zviv mgq wbw”Qj, wmwfwjqvb ‡WÖ‡m cwðg cvwK¯—vb ‡_‡K Avwg my‡eva evj‡Ki g‡Zv A¯^xKvi Kijvg| K‡Y©j Kv‡kg
cwiPvjK mv‡ne‡K Avwg ‡Mvc‡b ‡iKW© K‡iwQ Rvbvjvg| ‡c¬‡b Avwg© Avbvi| GgbI K_v †kvbv ‡Mj fy‡Æv PvB‡Qb ‡kL ZLb mivmwi Avgv‡K cÖkœ ïi“ Ki‡jb| ÔZywg AvIqvgx wjM
wZwb Avgvi cÖksmv Ki‡jb Ges gv‡V hyM¥ mwPe mv‡ne‡K gywRe n‡eb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi Ges fy‡Æv n‡eb cwðg cvwK¯— Ki| 7B gv‡P©i fvlY Zywg ‡iKW© K‡iwQ‡j, Ges Zywg g‡Â
Rvbv‡jb Ges cÖkœ ivL‡jb GLb Avgiv Kx Ki‡ev| hyM¥mwPe v‡bi cÖavbgš¿x| Ggb Aev¯—e cÖ¯—v‡e ‡kL gywRe ivRx n‡jb ‡kL gywRe‡K Zvi fvlY cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡”Q bv wj‡L
Rni“j nK mv‡ne Rvbv‡jb, Avcbviv mevB cvwj‡q hvb| bv| ‡Kvb gxgvsmv QvovB Bqvwnqv I fy‡Æv ivZ 8Uv-9Uvi Rvwb‡qwQ‡j| ÔAvwg ejjvg, bv, Avwg wjwLIwb KvD‡K
‡KD wb‡Ri evmvq hv‡eb bv| ‡iwWI eÜ K‡i w`b, ‡KD w`‡K wd‡i ‡M‡jb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b| RvbvBIwb|Õ ZLb wRj¬yi ingvb Avgv‡K evuPv‡bvi R‡b¨
wR‡Ám Ki‡j Avgvi K_v ej‡eb| ivZ 12Uvi ci ‡`L‡Z ‡cjvg iv¯—v w`‡q G‡Ki ci GK ej‡jb, ÔHe is a pity officer, whatever he does he
nvwZicy‡j KvRx iwd‡Ki evmvq Avgiv mevB wM‡q DVjvg| Avwg©i U¨v¼ ‡iwWI Awdm Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvqMvq GwM‡q does with the permission of his director.Õ ZLb K‡Y©j
Ges ‡mLvb ‡_‡K wWDwU i“‡g, mvfvi UÖvÝwgUv‡i Rvbv‡bv hv‡”Q| ‡KD wKQy Rvbvi Av‡MB ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q ‡Mj| Kv‡kg Zvi weÖd‡Km ‡Lvjvi fvb K‡i Avgv‡K ej‡jb,
n‡jv me cÖPvi eÜ K‡i cvwj‡q hvI| wKQy¶‡Yi g‡a¨B mviv Zviv hv‡K ‡hLv‡b ‡cj ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡jv| mKv‡j ÔAvgvi Kv‡Q ‡Zvgvi Qwe Av‡Q, g‡Â Zywg ‡kL gywRe‡K
‡`‡ki ‡iwWI cÖPvi eÜ n‡q ‡Mj| Rvbv ‡Mj B‡ËdvK Awdm, ivRvievM cywjk jvBb, we wW Avi wPiKyU w`‡”Qv|Õ ‡h‡nZy Avwg ‡`B bvB, ZvB mvn‡mi m‡½
wcjLvbv me RvqMvq ‡Mvjv¸wj Pj‡Q| ejjvg, Ôbv Avwg ‡`B bvB|Õ ZLb K‡Y©j Avi weÖd‡Km
‡iwWI cÖPvi eÜ n‡j ‡`‡ki ‡h Kx Ae¯’v nq, eyS‡Z cvi- mKvj 9Uvi w`‡K Avwg© KgvÛ ‡_‡K ‡iwWIi Kg©Pvix‡`i Lyj‡jb bv| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne ej‡jb, Ô‡m Govt Awdmvi,
jvg| Avgv‡`i ‡P‡q ‡ewk eyS‡Z cvi‡jv cwðg cvwK¯—vwbiv| ‡iwWI‡Z nvwRi nIqvi wb‡`©k ‡`qv n‡jv| e½eÜyi ‡Kvb ‡m ‡Kvb cvwU© K‡i bv, Avwg Zv‡K Lye fvjfv‡e Rvwb|Õ
c~e© Ges cwð‡gi GKgvÎ wjsK wQj ‡iwWI| Zviv Aw¯’i n‡q Lei cvIqv ‡Mj bv, ‡eu‡P Av‡Qb bv ‡bB ‡KD wKQy Rv‡b bv| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡n‡ei K_vq K‡Y©j wKQyUv Av¯^¯— n‡jv|
DV‡jv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b Kx NU‡Q Zv Rvbvi R‡b¨| mviv ivZ ‡iwWI‡Z Avgiv KvR ïi“ Kijvg| 9 gv‡mi gyw³hy× ïi“ ej‡jv ÔwVK Av‡Q, Zywg hv hv K‡i‡Qv Ges hv hv Rv‡bv,
Avgiv KvRx iwd‡Ki evmvq KvUvjvg| BwZg‡a¨ Avwg© n‡q ‡Mj| XvKv ‡iwWI ‡_‡K Zv‡ni myjZvb, AvkdvKyi GKUv KvM‡R wj‡L Avgvi Kv‡Q wb‡q G‡mv|Õ Avwg Avmj
Avgv‡`i cwiPvjK mv‡ne‡K Lyu‡R ‡cj Ges Zvi Kv‡Q ingvb, Avkivdyj Avjg, AviI A‡b‡K ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi K_v ‡Mvcb K‡i wg‡_¨ hv hv cvijvg wj‡L w`jvg| K‡Y©j
cy‡ivcywi mv‡iÛvi Ki‡jv| GB wQj cvwK¯—vb Avwg©i cÖ_g ‡K‡›`Ö ‡hvM ‡`qvi Rb¨ mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i P‡j ‡Mj| P‡j ‡M‡jb| wRj¬yi ingvb mv‡ne Avgvi gvgvi we‡kl eÜy
AvZ¥mgc©Y| Zviv Avkivdy¾vgvb‡K Rvbv‡jv, ÔAvcbviv hv Avgiv ‡iwWI‡Z ‡_‡K mn‡hvwMZv ‡`qvi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ njvg| wQ‡jb| gvgv Rbve Avwj nvmvb wmGmwc, ZLb cvwK¯—v‡bi
Pvb, ‡hfv‡e Pvb cy‡iv fvlY cÖPvi Ki“b, wKš‘ ‡Lv`vi Iqv‡¯— Avgvi mnKg©x RvjvjDwÏb i“wg gyw³hy‡× mivmwi AskMÖn‡Yi communication secretary wQ‡jb| `yÕR‡b wg‡j ‡mBw`bB
‡iwWI cÖPvi Pvjy Ki“b| cwðg cvwK¯—vb miKvi mevB Aw¯’i Rb¨ ‡iwWI ‡Q‡o w`j| Avgv‡K PÆMÖvg ‡iwWI‡Z e`wj K‡i w`‡jb, Ges Avgv‡K
n‡q ‡M‡Q|Õ ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi‡K‡›`Ö cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ Avwg Ges d‡qR ej‡jb, Ô‡Zvgvi bvg Avwg©i wj‡÷ Av‡Q| ‡h ‡Kvb gyû‡Z©
Avkivdy¾vgvb mv‡ne G‡m Avgv‡`i Rvbv‡jb, ÔAvgv‡`i Rq ‡PŠayix MYm½xZ Ges ‡`kvZ¥‡evaK Mv‡bi ‡Uc wb‡q ev‡m ‡Zvgv‡K evmv ‡_‡K Zy‡j wb‡q hv‡e Ges bu‡Li wfZ‡i myuB
n‡q‡Q| Avwg© cy‡ivcywi Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q mv‡iÛvi K‡i‡Q| Avwg K‡i Avwg©i ‡PvL‡K dvuwK w`‡q bvivqYM‡Ä RvjvjDwχbi dywU‡q K_v ‡ei K‡i ‡b‡e| ZvB AvRB Zywg wPUvMvs P‡j
Zv‡`i e‡j w`‡qwQ Kvj mKv‡ji Av‡M ‡iwWI Pvjy n‡e bv, Kv‡Q w`‡q AvmZvg| iv¯—vq KZevi Avwg© Avgv‡`i mvP© hvI, Avgiv Gw`K mvg‡j ‡be|Õ
Ges e½eÜyi fvlb cy‡ivcywi cÖPvi Ki‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Zviv Ki‡Zv Zvi wnmve wQj bv| ‡h‡nZy Avwg ewntcÖPvi wefv‡M
ivwR n‡q‡Q|Õ AvkdvKyi ingvb Lvb c~e© ‡NvlYv wj‡L Kg©iZ wQjvg, Zv‡`i‡K ejZvg ÔbvivqbMÄ Av`gRx RyU PÆMÖvg ‡iwWI‡Z wM‡q R‡qb Kijvg, wKš‘ ‡mLv‡b Avgv‡K
‡dj‡jb| cÖ‡KŠkjx mevB‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`qv n‡jv mKv‡j wg‡j KvRUvR wVKg‡Zv Pj‡Q, ‡`‡k ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR ‡Kvb `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv n‡jv bv| IGmwW K‡i ivLv n‡jv| nq‡Zv
105
m~wPcÎ |
XvKv ‡iwWI ‡_‡K AvMvg Rvwb‡q ‡`qv n‡qwQj, ZvB mevB hvZv n¨vq| DmKv cvBjU ‡K mv_ evZwPZ Kv‡iMv, wbDR
Avgv‡K GKUy Gwo‡q Pj‡Q eyS‡Z cvijvg| ‡Kvb Dcvq bv
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ÔMother serious come sharp wj‡L GKUv ‡UwjMÖvg
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107
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Life sketch of
m~wPcÎ | W.A.S. Ouderland,
Bir Pratik
wfb‡`kx gvbyl, Avgv‡`i exicÖZxK Mr W A S Ouderland was born in December 1917
in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
He started work with the Bata Show Company. He
nvmvb ‡gvi‡k` was called up to serve as a sergeant in the Dutch
Royal Signals Corps on the eve of Nazi invasion in
1940.
Wwe¬D G Gm IWvij¨vÛ (W. A.S OUDERLAND) He was taken prisoner by the Nazis, but he soon
escaped from the POW camp and joined the Dutch
GKRb wfb‡`kx| Rb¥ ‡b`vij¨v‡Û| wØZxq wek¦hy‡× resistance. He spoke fluent German, which helped
i‡qj WvP evwnbxi mvnmx mv‡R©›U| bvrmx‡`i nv‡Z him keep the resistance as well as the Allied forces
aiv c‡o †KŠk‡j cÖv‡Y ‡eu‡P hvIqv| me‡k‡l abreast of German movements.
A‡÷Öwjqvq ¯’vqx nIqv Ges 2001 mv‡j ‡kl wbtk¦vm Following the end of the World War II, he returned
to work for Bata. He was posted as the CEO of
Z¨vM| Bata operation in the then East Pakistan on the
Kx Avi Ggb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©? we‡kl K‡i Avgv‡`i eve of our War of Liberation. Brutal repression and
evsjv‡`kx‡`i Rb¨? nu¨v. ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †Zv e‡UB! KviY occupation of unarmed Bangladeshis by the
GB ‡jvKUv Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡×i GKRb exicÖZxK| Pakistani occupation army reminded him of the
similar brutalities perpetrated by the Nazis in occu-
1971 mv‡j'i gyw³hy‡× mvnmx Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ GB pied Europe. He fully appreciated the legitimacy of
wfb‡`kx exicÖZxK Dcvwa ‡c‡qwQ‡jb| evUv Bangladeshi resistance against the brute forces of
‡Kv¤úvbxi ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi wPd IWvij¨vÛ occupation.
evUvi KviLvbvi ‡fZi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡Mwijv ‡UÖwbs He felt the acute need to make the world aware of
the extent of genocide. As he was able to move
w`‡Zb| cwðgv bvMwiK‡Z¡i my‡hvM wb‡q K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui freely as a foreigner, he took photographs of the
‡fZi ‡_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i w`‡Zb ‡hv×v‡`i| GK atrocities committed by Pakistanis and their
ch©v‡q wb‡RB AskMÖnY K‡ib mivmwi hy‡×| agents. He then passed these photographs to the
IWvij¨vÛ msKªvš— ‡ek wKQy Z_¨ Av‡Q wb‡Pi wjs‡KÑ world press.
As CEO of a major multinational, he enjoyed close
access to higher echelon of the occupation forces.
wjsK Indeed, he had close personal relationship with
Gens Tikka Khan and Niazi. He maintained the
hy×vcivax I NvZ‡Kiv evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKZ¡ cvq appearance of friendship to the Pakistani top brass
in order to avail sensitive information. He then
AvB‡bi gvic¨vu‡P| MW©b wMÖwbR bv‡gi GK passed these vital information on to the Mukti
‡eZb‡fvMx Kg©Pvixi cv‡qI jywU‡q ‡`qv nq ‡`‡ki Bahini.
bvMwiKZ¡| A_P G ‡`‡ki Rb¨ hy× K‡iI As the War progressed, he secretly began to train
IWvij¨v‡Ûi ‡m ‡mŠfvM¨ nqwb| and assist local youths around the Tongi area in
wØZxq wek¦hy‡× wbnZ weªwUk ‰mwbK‡`i Lye PgrKvi the art of guerilla resistance. He sent his family
away from occupied Bangladesh so that he could
mgvwa ‡mŠa Av‡Q GB ‡`‡k| G ‡`‡ki Rb¥hy‡× cÖvY turn his residence into a safe haven for our free-
w`j ‡h 14 nvRvi fviZxq ‰mwbK| A_P bv, Zv‡`i dom fighters and their weapons.
m¤§v‡b ‡Kv‡bv mgvwa ‡bB! ‡Kv‡bvw`b Zv‡`i K_v He was awarded gallantry award Bir Pratik for his
D”PviY Kiv hv‡e bv| 9 gvm fvi‡Zi mvaviY gvbyl contribution to our War of Liberation.
Mr Ouderland remained in Bangladesh till 1978
evsjv‡`kx‡`i AvkÖq w`j, Lv`¨ w`j DØv¯‘‡`i| wKš‘ and was transferred to Australia thereafter. He later
bv, ‡m K_v fy‡jI D”PviY Kiv hv‡e bv! settled in Australia and died after prolonged ail-
K…ZÁZvi ‡evSv GZB fvix!!! ment at the age of 84 in a hospital at the Western
Australian city of Perth on 18 May 2001. His love
and concern for Bangladesh was undiminished
until his last days. 110
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Ae‡k‡l GKmgq ‡kl nq Lvb‡mbv‡`i GB Drme| `v`vi eÜywU‡K gvbyl wnmv‡e Avi ‡Pbv hvq bv, A‡bK jvj
iO ‡`qv GKUv ‡Mvj e‡ji g‡Zv g‡b nq| `v`v ‡f‡e cvbbv Kx K‡i wZwb GB jvj ejwU‡K evwo‡Z wb‡q
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26 gvP© 2008
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Zvi m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq eQiPv‡iK Av‡M ‰`wbK hyMvš—‡i KvR Kivi …Y© GjvKv| XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›UI ZLb Lye Kv‡Q g‡b nq| cvwK¯—vbx
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Lye e¨¯—| Kv‡jv i‡Oi GKwU ‡mW ‡Zvjv Uywc c‡o w`bivZ ‡gvUi
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¯’vbxq weGbwc ‡bZviv Avi cywjk Kg©KZ©viv Kx ‡h‡bv Zv‡K
‡evSv‡Z Pvb, gvB‡Ki k‡ã fvj K‡i ‡evSv hvq bv| ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB 'Avgiv ev‡m Po‡j AevOvjx KÛv±i-‡níviiv Avgv‡`i wmU ‡_‡K
ïay gv_v bv‡ob| gvwQ Zvov‡bvi g‡Zv evi `y‡qK nvZ bv‡ob ‡bZv Zy‡j w`‡q wenvix‡`i ‡mB wm‡U em‡Z w`‡Zv| ZvQvov ‡m mg‡qi
Avi cywjk KZ©v‡`i D‡Ï‡k| QvÎjxM ‡bZv, weK‡gi QvÎ Av‡bvAvi ‡nv‡mb (exi cÖZxK) fvB
Avgv‡`i ej‡Zb, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b KvM‡Ri Kj nIqv m‡Z¡I GLv‡b
RbwcÖq GB gvby‡li m‡½ N›Uv wZ‡bK AvjvcPvwiZv nq ‡mw`b| KvM‡Ri w`¯—v hLb 14 Avbv, ZLb cwðg cvwK¯—v‡b KvM‡Ri `vg
welq -- gnvb gyw³hy×| wcÖq cvVK, Avmyb ZviB eqv‡b ïwb, 1971 wQ‡jv 6 Avbv| evevi Kv‡Q ï‡bwQjvg, 1961-62 ‡Z cvwK¯—vb
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UvBg‡m cÖKvwkZ msev`, Gg Avi `ya©l© 'Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb wKwjs' Gi K_v|... `vg w`‡qwQj|'
Rvjv‡ji msMÖn †_‡K
'1971 mv‡j Avwg kvnxbev‡Mi ÷vd I‡qj‡dqvi nvB ¯‹y‡ji beg 'Av‡bvqvi fvB ej‡Zb, ‡`k ¯^vaxb K‡i evOvwj‡`i wb‡R‡`i kvmb
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cy‡ivcywi MÖvg| gvB‡ji ci gvBj av‡bi ‡¶Z, Lvj-wej-Rjvq we¯— 25 gv‡P©i ci ‡iwWI‡Z ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K‡›`Öi Le‡i ïbZvg
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K‡i‡Q|' Avgv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K UvKv ‡P‡q ‡bq| mvivivZ eW©v‡i gU©vi gnvLywk, hvK, N‡ii ‡Q‡j fv‡jvq ‡fv‡jvq N‡i
wewbg‡qi kã ïwb| ‡Mvjv¸wj eÜ n‡j ‡fv‡ii w`‡K `yRb wd‡i‡Q| IB me hy‡×i f~Z cvwj‡q‡Q|'
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AvRvnvi“j Bmjvg eKyj, wMqvm DwÏb I Avey mvC‡`i m‡½ ‡`wL‡q e‡j, IB cv‡i BwÛqv| ‡jvK `yRb Avgv‡`i c‡KU 'ZLb iwngyÏxb gyw³hy‡×i ‡UÖwbs wb‡q MÖv‡g wd‡i Av‡m| ‡m
civgk© Kijvg, GK iv‡Z iwngyÏxb I Av‡bvqvi fvB‡qi nvZ‡o UvKv-cqmv me ‡i‡L ‡`q| RyZvi ‡fZ‡i jyKv‡bv Avgv‡K e‡j, BwÛqvq ‡h ‡Mwijv ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ! Avi nvwZqvi
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Av‡MB dvum n‡q hvIqvq Avwg, eKyj Avi mvC` cvjv‡Z 'jyw½ c‡i ‡QvÆ ‡MvgwZ b`x ‡nu‡U cvi nB| wÎcyiv mxgv‡š—i
cvwiwb| Ab¨ wVKB wÎcyiv P‡j wM‡qwQ‡jv|' DuPy cvnvo ‡`Lv hvq|' 'iwngyÏx‡bi K_vUv Avgvi Lye g‡bi ‡fZ‡i wM‡q jv‡M| 10-
15 w`b Lye Aw¯’iZvi g‡a¨ Kv‡U| GKw`b Zvu‡K Avevi awi,
'Gw`‡K Avgvi gb gv‡b bv| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZv‡ii Lei ïwb, Avwg ewj, 'Zvn‡j, mxgvš— cvi n‡q ‡UÖwbs wb‡jb| Avi hy× iwng fvB, Avwg fyj K‡iwQ, Zywg Avgv‡K ‡UÖwbs‡q cvVvI|
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AvwQ| wb‡R‡K Lye Acivax g‡b nq| 10-15 w`b evwo‡Z 'Av‡i bv‡i fvB, AZ mn‡R nq bvB| cÖ_gevi f‡q cvwj‡q cvm Ki‡Z n‡e| cvm Ki‡j Zvici ‡`Lv hv‡e|'
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kZ kZ gvby‡li ‡`Lv cvB, hviv cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q `‡j ‡`‡L bvgavg ‡iwRw÷Ö Kivi Av‡MB Avgvi PvPvZv fvB ‡eu‡K cwiPqcÎ wQ‡jv| Avgvi Amyweav nq bv|'
`‡j kviYv_©x wn‡m‡e fviZ hv‡”Qb| ‡KD ev Avevi hv‡”Qb e‡m| ‡m Avgv‡K e‡j, Pj, Avgiv cvwj‡q ‡`‡k wd‡i hvB|
gyw³hy‡× ‡hvM w`‡Z| Kywgj¬v ‡cŠu‡Q Avgiv GKwU wiKkv fvov GLv‡b ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z ‡M‡j Avi evuP‡Z n‡e bv| hy‡×i Av‡MB '`yR‡b GKUv ‡eex U¨vw· wb‡q ¸jkvb 1 b¤^i wWAvBwU
‡bB wmGbwe ‡ivW hv‡ev e‡j|' Amy‡L GLv‡bB Avgv‡`i gi‡Z n‡e!...Zvi K_v ï‡b Avwg gv‡K©‡U hvB| ‡mLv‡b we‡`kx‡`i Avbv‡Mvbv| iwngyÏxb
mwZ¨ mwZ¨ fq cvB| mevi ‡PvL dvuwK w`‡q Avgiv ‡Pv‡ii Ô‡iwKÕ K‡i e‡j, GLv‡b myweav n‡e bv, cÖPyi wgwjUvwii cvn-
'wKš‘ wiKkvIqvjv Avgv‡`i Nyic‡_ wb‡q ‡h‡Z ‡h‡Z mܨv g‡Zv cvwj‡q mxgvš— cvwo w`‡q Avevi MÖv‡g wd‡i Avwm|'... viv|'
K‡i ‡d‡j| ZLb Avgiv wiKkv ‡Q‡o w`‡q nvuUv ïi“ Kwi|
c_-NvU wKQyB wPwb bv| GK ‡jvK Avgv‡`i G‡m e‡j, '‡ivM-‡kv‡Ki f‡q gyw³hy‡×i ‡UÖwbs bv wb‡qB wÎcyiv ‡_‡K 'Avgiv `yR‡b Av‡iKwU ‡eex U¨vw· wb‡q gnvLvwj wUwe
Avcbviv Avgvi evmvq P‡jb, ivZUv KvUvb, ‡fv‡i AvgivB `yB fvB cvjv‡jb, ‡`‡k MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wdi‡jb| Zvici?' nvmcvZvj ‡M‡Ui w`‡K ‡h‡Z _vwK| c‡_ we‡`kx cZvKv
Avcbv‡`i eW©vi cvi K‡i ‡`‡ev| Avgiv gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶i Avwg Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kwi| ‡gvRv‡¤§j nK GKUy w¯’i n‡q `g Iov‡bv GKwU evmv ‡`wL| U¨vw· Nywi‡q Avev‡iv IB c‡_
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Av”Qv, ZyB XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvi evwm›`v cvK Mfb©i Avgv‡K ‡eZb ‡Zv ‡`qB bv, D‡ëv bvbvb wbh©vZb K‡i| KjvevMv‡b NvcwU ‡g‡i emv| wKš‘ ZLb
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'GBevi Avwg ewj, m¨vi, GUv Avgvi Rb¨ A‡bK mnR| Avwg wb‡RB e‡m _v‡K, ‡h‡bv `ya Pywi bv nq| cvuPevi evmv ‡_‡K evwZwU BU ‡g‡i ‡f‡O ‡dwj| G‡ZB wecwË ‡`Lv ‡`q|'
Zvi evmv wPwb| ‡QvU‡ejvq Zvi evmvi ILv‡b ‡Lj‡Z wM‡qwQ| cvwj‡qwQ| cÖ‡Z¨Kevi cywjk w`‡q Avgv‡K awi‡q G‡b‡Q| 'GKRb PvKi fvOv evj¦ ‡`‡L wPrKvi-‡PuPv‡gwP ïi“ K‡i,
Avgvi GK `~i m¤ú‡K©i ReŸvi PvPv Zvi evmvi ‡Mvqvjv|' gyw³iv G‡Zv gvbyl‡K gv‡i, GB e¨vUv‡K gvi‡Z cv‡i bv!' evwo‡Z ‡Pvi Xy‡K‡Q! ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmv cvnviv w`‡Zv ‡h
'‡gRi nvq`vi ‡n‡m ûKyg ‡`b, ‡MU ‡Ub, Dj¬yK Kv cvuVv|' 'Av‡iKUy LvwZi nIqvi ci GKw`b kvRvnvb‡K Avwg ewj, me ‡ejywP¯—v‡bi AevOvwj cywjk, Zviv ûB‡mj evwR‡q, UP©
'm‡½ m‡½ Avwg 10Uv eyK Wb w`‡Z ‡j‡M hvB| eyS‡Z cvwi, Avgvi m‡½ gyw³‡`i ‡hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q| Avcwb hw` mnvqZv ‡g‡i ‡Pvi ‡LvuRvLyuwR ïi“ K‡i| Avwg wec` ‡`‡L Avevi
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Lvb‡K gvivi e¨e¯’v Ki“b| kvRvnvb ivRx nq| AviI `y- Avwg ewj, 'I Av”Qv| wKš‘ G‡Zvw`b cwÎKvq wKš‘ GB me
'Gevi Avwg Zv‡K cvëv cÖkœ Kwi, m¨vi, hw` Acv‡ikb GKw`b ‡Nviv‡bvi ci kvRvnvb Aw¯’i n‡q c‡o, KB, Sw°-Sv‡gjvi K_v cwowb| Avwg ‡f‡ewQ...|Õ
mvK‡mm nq, Avgv‡K Kx cyi¯‹vi ‡`‡eb?' Avcbvi gyw³iv ‡Zv Av‡m bv!'
'GKw`b weKv‡j Avwg GKwU P‡Ui e¨v‡M Avgvi ‡÷bMvb, ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB nv‡mb, 'Av‡i cwÎKvIqvjviv G‡Zv K_v
'ZyBB ej, ZyB Kx Pvm?' wjL‡Z Pvq bv| Iiv n‡”Q, ms‡¶‡c we¯—vwiZ!'
`ywU g¨vMwRb, GKwU n¨vÛ‡MÖ‡bW Avi GKwU dmdivm ‡evgv
'Acv‡ikb ‡k‡l Avwg Avcbvi ‡Kvg‡ii wifjeviUv PvB!' wb‡q kvRvnvb fvB‡qi Kv‡Q nvwRi nB| Zv‡K ewj, AvR '‡Zv Zvici ‡Zv Avgvi gb Lye Lvivc| ci ci `yevi
mܨvq GKUy ‡`wi‡Z Mi“¸‡jv‡K ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq Acv‡ik‡b evav| Avi eywS n‡e bv! Gw`‡K kvRvnvb fvB
'‡MU j÷! Dj¬yK Kv cvuVv!' ‡XvKv‡Z n‡e| fvUviv G‡m GKw`b Avgv‡K a‡i, Kx fvB, hy× n‡e bv? Zvi
'...K¨v‡¤ú wd‡i MÖ“c‡K GB Lei ewj| ‡KD wek¦vm K‡i bv| Avi Avgv‡K jywK‡q wb‡q ‡h‡Z n‡e evmvi ‡fZi| ‡mB K_vq Avevi g‡bvej wd‡i cvB|'
GKUy c‡i AW©vi Av‡m, Avgv‡`i XvKvq Acv‡ik‡bi `vwqZ¡ cÖ_g kvRvnvb fvB ‡ev‡Sb, G‡Zvw`b Avgvi Kv‡Q gyw³evwn-
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Avgvi cÖ¯—v‡e ivwR nb|' ‡nv‡mb, exi cÖZxK)| Avev‡iv mܨvi ci ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi
'Gic‡iI mxgv‡š—i GKwU ‡QvULvU hy‡× Avgv‡`i mvn‡mi evmvi ‡fZ‡ii ‡mB Kjv‡Suv‡c `yRb jywK‡q e‡m _vwK|
Avwg ewj, '‡Zv A¯¿-k¯¿ wb‡q ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi ‡fZi GKUy c‡i kvRvnvb fvB G‡m Lei ‡`q, AvR‡K Acv‡ikb
cix¶vq DËxY© n‡Z nq| Avgiv 15 R‡bi MÖ“c bvivqYM‡Äi XyK‡jb? ïi“ n‡jv Acv‡ikb?'
iƒcM‡Ä ‡cŠuQvB| m‡½ hvi hvi nvwZqvi Rvgvi wb‡P Avi m¤¢e| ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, Zvi ‡g‡qi RvgvB (Rvnv½xi ‡gv.
e¨v‡Mi ‡fZi jyKv‡bv|' ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB e‡jb, 'IB w`b evmvi ‡fZ‡i XyK‡Z Avw`j) Avi wk¶vgš¿x (AvgRv` ‡nv‡mb) evmvi wbPZjvi
cvi‡jI ‡mw`bB Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z cvwiwb| ci ci `yevi WÖBsi“‡g e‡m Mí-¸Re Ki‡Qb|'
'‡mLvb ‡_‡K Avwg fvUvivi MÖv‡g wdwi| Avgvi gv_vq ZLb e¨_© nB| ... cÖ_gevi IB mܨvq ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq
GKUvB wPš—v -- Acv‡ikb ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb|'... Xy‡K ‡M‡Ui cv‡ki KjvevMv‡bi ‡Svu‡c NvcwU ‡g‡i e‡m 'Avwg Rvb‡Z PvB, ‡K ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, wPb‡ev Kx fv‡e?
'Avwg ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi ‡Mvqvjv ReŸvi PvPv‡K Lyu‡R ‡ei K‡i _vwK| GKUy c‡i Zvi ivLvj ‡mB kvRvnvb fvB G‡m Lei kvRvnvb fvB Rvbvb, GKwU ‡mvdvq wZbRbB GKm‡½ e‡m
Zv‡K mewKQy ewj| wZwb Avgv‡K e‡jb, ZyB Zvi ivLvj ‡`q, ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi kixi Lvivc| ‡m ‡`vZjvq D‡V ‡M‡Q| Av‡Q| gv‡Si RbB ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb, Zvi gv_vq ‡Mvj Uywc
kvRvnv‡bi m‡½ LvwZi Ki| ‡Zvi KvR n‡e| Lei`vi, ‡`vZjvq ‡h‡Z ‡M‡j Zvi ‡Q‡ji N‡ii mvg‡b w`‡q ‡h‡Z i‡q‡Q|...Avwg Acv‡ik‡bi c‡ii cwiw¯’wZ Av›`vR K‡i
Avgvi K_v wKQy ejwe bv!' n‡e| Avevi evwo fwZ© ‡jvKRb|' ‡Mvqvjv ReŸvi PvPv Avi kvRvnvb fvB‡K Rvgv-Kvco wb‡q
evmv ‡_‡K cvjv‡Z ewj|'
'ReŸvi PvPv GKw`b `~i ‡_‡K kvRvnvb‡K wPwb‡q ‡`b| ‡m 'Acv‡ikb IBw`b ¯’wMZ ‡i‡L Avwg ‡mLvb ‡_‡K P‡j hvB
ZLb ebvbx‡Z ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi cv‡k Mi“ Pov‡”Q| cv‡ki ebvbx wLÖ÷vb cvovq| ‡mLv‡b cÖPyi B‡Ui cvuRv wQj| 'ïbkvb wbieZvi g‡S nvwZqvi evwM‡q Avgiv `yRb g~j
Avwg Zvi mv‡½ GUv-‡mUv Mí Rywo| ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi Ici B‡Ui cvuRvq nvwZqv‡ii e¨vMwU jywK‡q P‡j Avwm|' evwowUi w`‡K GwM‡q hvB| Avgvi c¬¨vb n‡”Q, ‡÷bMv‡bi
ivLv‡ji Lye ivM|' 'c‡i Av‡iKw`b mܨvq nvwZqv‡ii e¨vM wb‡q kvRvnvb GKwU g¨vMwRb cy‡iv LiP Ki‡ev ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi Ici|
'K_vq K_vq kvRvnvb e‡j, ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb GKUv Rv‡bvqvi! fvB‡qi m‡½ Avevi ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvq hvB| Avevi ‡mB evwK `yRb‡K Av‡iKwU g¨vMwRb w`‡q eÖvk Ki‡ev|
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...e¨vKAvc Avg©m wn‡m‡e n¨vÛ‡MÖ‡bW Avi dmdivm ‡evgv Avwg Ávb nvivB|' ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB e‡jb, '16 wW‡m¤^i ‡`k
‡Zv Av‡QB|' 'Ávb wd‡i Av‡m iv‡Z Avgvi evwo‡Z| ‡`wL, evwoi ‡jvKRb ¯^vaxb n‡jI wgicy‡i wenvix‡`i Kv‡Q cÖPyi A¯¿
'Avgiv evwoi WÖBsi“‡gi `iRvq ‡cŠu‡Q ‡`wL `iRvwU ‡Lvjv| QvovI ReŸvi PvPv, kvRvnvb fvB Avi Av‡bvqvi fvB Avgv‡K wQj| Zviv ZLbI A¯¿ mgc©Y K‡iwb| wenvix‡`i
`iRvi w`‡K gyL K‡i wZbRb GKwU ‡mvdvq Nwbôfv‡e e‡m wN‡i Av‡Qb| Av‡bvqvi fvB e‡jb, GLv‡b _vKv wbivc` civwRZ Ki‡Z ‡m mgq GKvwaK hy× nq| Avwg wb‡RI
gv_v wbPy K‡i ‡Kv‡bv kjvcivgk© Ki‡Q| gvSLv‡b ‡Mvj Uywc bq| Avgiv bvivqYM‡Äi iƒcM‡Ä hvw”Q| ZywgI Avgv‡`i GiKg K‡qKwU hy‡× Ask ‡bB| gyw³‡hv×v Rwni“Ïxb Xvwj
gv_vq ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb| Avwg ‡÷b w`‡q eÖvk Kwi| wKš‘ GKwU m‡½ P‡jv| Avwg Zv‡`i ewj iIbv n‡q ‡h‡Z| Avwg ivZUyKy I w`j ‡gvnv¤§` Xvwj GKwU cÖvB‡fU Kvi wb‡q wgicy‡i
gvÎ wm‡½j dvqvi ‡ei nq, ¸wjwU ‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi ‡c‡U GLv‡bB wekÖvg wb‡q ciw`b iƒcM‡Ä ‡cŠuQv‡ev|' ‡XvKvi ‡Póvi Ki‡j `yB w`K ‡_‡K wenvixiv ¸wj K‡i Zv‡`i
jv‡M| ‡m -- I gv ‡Mv-- e‡j i³v³ Ae¯’vq gvwU‡Z jywU‡q Lyb K‡i| mn‡hv×v‡`i Ggb Ki“Y g…Z¨~i Le‡i Avwg wb‡RB
c‡o| ...evwK `yRb f‡q --evev ‡Mv, gv ‡Mv, evuPvI, evuPvI-- 'ciw`b mKv‡j Nywg‡q AvwQ, Avgvi GK PvPv G‡m ej‡jb, Zv‡`i jvk wb‡q Avmvi Rb¨ Acv‡ikb PvjvB| ‡`wL,
wPrKvi ïi“ K‡i|...Avgvi ‡÷bMvb w`‡q Avi dvqvi nq iv‡Z AvKvg K‡i G‡m GLbI ZyB evwo‡Z! ‡iwWI Le‡i ¸wj‡Z SvuSov nIqv Mvwoi ‡fZ‡i Zv‡`i `yRb i³v³
bv| Avwg g¨vMwRb e`‡j evwK g¨vMwRb w`‡q dvqvi Kivi ej‡Q, ‡gvbv‡qg Lvb gviv ‡M‡Q| GLbB ZyB cvjv| ...Avwg Ae¯’vq g‡i c‡o Av‡Qb| ZxeÖ AvKªg‡Yi gy‡L Zv‡`i jvk
‡Póv Kwi, Zv‡ZI KvR nq bv| Av‡bvqvi fvB ‡mdwU wcb iƒcM‡Ä cvwj‡q hvB| ‡mLv‡b Avgv‡`i MÖ“‡ci Ab¨ Avi wb‡q Avm‡Z cvwiwb| wKš‘ me mg‡qB Zv‡`i K_v g‡b
Ly‡j ‡MÖ‡bWwU Qyu‡o gv‡ib| Gev‡iv fvM¨ Lvivc| ‡MÖ‡bWwUI mn‡hv×viv Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQ‡jb|' c‡o|'...
wQ‡jv A‡K‡Rv, ‡mwU ‡`qv‡j evwo ‡L‡q ‡diZ Av‡m|'
'Avi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡Zv ‡KD wVKfv‡e g~j¨vqbB K‡iwb' e‡j
*
‡¶vf cÖKvk K‡ib wZwb, 'mviv‡`‡kB me gyw³‡hv×vivB
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Ae‡nwjZ| Avi GLb meLv‡bB ivRvKvi, Avje`i, Avj
G‡Ki ci GK e¬¨v¼ dvqvi Ki‡Z _v‡K| Avgiv ‡`qvj ‡gvRv‡¤§j fvB, ¯^vaxbZvi 36 eQ‡iI ‡Zv ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-
kvg‡mi RqRqvKvi| ...hLb cwÎKvq cwo, gyw³‡hv×v wiKkv
Uc‡K cvjvB|' hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡jv bv| Gi KviY Kx e‡j g‡b nq?'
Pvjvb, wf‡¶ K‡ib, ZLb g‡b nq, GB iKg evsjv‡`k ‡Zv
Avgiv PvBwb| ...GKw`‡K UvKvi cvnvo M‡o DV‡Q,
'‡`Š‡o ¸jkvb-ebvbx ‡j‡Ki Kv‡Q ‡cŠu‡Q ‡`wL ReŸvi PvPv ‡gvRv‡¤§j nK e‡jb, 'AZx‡Z ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv ‡Kv‡bv bv
Av‡iKw`‡b gvbyl Afv‡e, Abvnv‡i, Acywó Avi Awk¶vq ayu‡K
Avi kvRvnvb fvB Avgv‡`i Rb¨ A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| Avwg ‡Kv‡bv ¯^v‡_©i Kvi‡Y RvgvqvZmn ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vci-
ayu‡K gi‡Q|...Avgv‡`i `vwe, Lye mvgvb¨Ñ gyw³‡hv×v I knx`
Av‡bvqvi fvB‡K I‡`i m‡½ ‡jK mvuZ‡i Icv‡i P‡j ‡h‡Z vax‡`i jvjb-cvjb K‡i‡Q| Zviv ¶gZvi ‡jv‡f N…Y¨ GB
cwievi¸‡jv‡K ‡h‡bv ivóÖ b~¨bZg mb¥vb ‡`q| wKš‘ MZ 36
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eQ‡i ‡Kv‡bv miKviB GB KvR K‡iwb|'
...LyuR‡Z LyuR‡Z Avwg GKwU ‡Kvlv ‡bŠKv ‡c‡q hvB| ‡mUv
wb‡q Avwg ¸jkvb 2 b¤^i weÖ‡Ri KvQvKvwQ Avwm|' 'Avcwb Kx g‡b K‡ib, `j wbi‡c¶ GB ‡mbv mgw_©Z 'gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `yive¯’v ‡`‡L, GLb gv‡S gv‡S wb‡R‡K cÖkœ
ZË¡veavqK miKvi ‡h GLb ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i Kwi, Zvn‡j wK GKvˇi Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ? MZ AvIqvgx
'Gw`‡K ‡Mvjv¸wji k‡ã G‡Ki ci GK cvK Avwg©i UÖvK wePv‡ii K_v ej‡Q, GB `vwqZ¡ Zv‡`iB ‡bIqv DwPr?' jxM miKv‡ii Avg‡j RwgRgv msKªvš— 50 wU wg‡_¨ gvgjvq
‡gvbv‡qg Lv‡bi evmvi w`‡K iIbv n‡q‡Q| `~‡i eo iv¯—v Avgv‡K nqivwb Kiv nq| Gi g‡a¨ 8wU gvgjvq Avgv‡K
w`‡q UÖv‡Ki PjvPj ‡`wL| IB weÖRwUi Ici Avwg©i 'Aek¨B| me‡`‡k miKvi c¶B ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vci- ‡MÖßvi ‡`wL‡q `ygvm ‡Rj LvU‡Z nq| A_P Avwg GKRb
‡PK‡cv÷ wQ‡jv| Avwg aiv covi SyuwK wb‡qB Kªwjs K‡i vax‡`i wePv‡ii `vwqZ¡ ‡bq| GB miKvi `yb©xwZ I exi cÖZxK, BDwc ‡Pqvig¨vb| Zvn‡j mviv †`‡k Ab¨
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Kywo‡q‡Qb| GLb Zv‡`i DwPZ n‡e e³…ZvevRxi evB‡i Pig
'fvUviv evRv‡i ZLb GKwU Pv‡qi ‡`vKv‡b mn‡hvMx wZbRb Acivax wn‡m‡e ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax-hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii *
Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v KiwQj| ‡÷bMvb Kv‡ua ‡mB cÖ_g KvRUv Aš—Z ïi“ Kiv| bB‡j Avgiv a‡i ‡b‡ev, AZx‡Zi ‡gvRv‡¤§j nK, exi cÖZx‡Ki m‡½ `xN© AvjvcPvwiZv ‡k‡l
MÖv‡gi gvbyl Avgv‡K ‡`‡L| Gi Av‡M Zviv KvbvNylvq miKvi¸‡jvi g‡Zv `jwbi‡c¶ GB ZË¡vaevqK miKv‡iiI Avwg hLb wd‡i AvmwQjvg, ZLb Ab¨ bvbvb K_v m‡½ Zvi
ï‡bwQj, Avwg ‡UÖwbs wb‡qwQ| wKš‘ ‡KD wek¦vm K‡iwb| ZLb ‡Kv‡bv ‡K‡bv ¯^v_© i‡q‡Q; ZvivI Av‡cvlKvgx| G ‡¶‡Î ‡mB ‡kl K_vwUB evi evi gv_vi g‡a¨ NyicvK ‡L‡Z _v‡K, '
Avgv‡K ‡`‡L f‡q mevB ‡`Š‡o cvjvq| Avwg kx‡Z Kvuc‡Z AZx‡Zi miKvi¸‡jvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i ‡Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ _vK‡e Zvn‡j wK GKvˇi Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ?'...
Kvuc‡Z (ZLb A‡±vei gvm) ‡KvbiK‡g Av‡bvqvi fvB‡K bv|'
‡÷bMvb w`‡q ewj, Avgvi Lye kixi Lvivc jvM‡Q! Gici Zvi Kv‡Q gyw³hy‡× knx` mn‡hv×v‡`i K_v Rvb‡Z PvB| 30 wW‡m¤^i 2007
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evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hyׇK `gvevi Rb¨ cvK evwnbxi wbwe©Pvi e½eÜy ‡kL gywRe‡K evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi KÚ¯^‡i
i³cvZ hLb evsjvi gvby‡li ¯^vaxbZvi A`g¨ AvKvsLv‡K cÖnm‡bi G wePv‡ii c~e©wba©vwiZ kvw¯—i e¨vcviwU UvBg ¯úó cwiYZ K‡i|
`gv‡Z cvi‡jv bv ZLb cwðg cvwK¯—vbx kvmK‡Mvôx cvwK¯— K‡i D‡j¬L K‡i Zv‡`i wi‡cv‡U©| Z‡e GB cy‡iv cÖwKªqvq
v‡b mvgwiK Av`vj‡Z e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi wePv‡ii Bqvwnqv miKv‡ii gwiqv e¨vcviwU‡KB Zy‡j a‡i| Though Mujib is accused of advocating secession
bv‡g cÖnmb ïi“ K‡i| for East Pakistan, the fact is that he did not want a
There is little doubt that Mujib will be convicted of total split-up of Pakistan and never declared inde-
the undefined charges of "waging war against pendence until it was done in his name after the
Mujib's Secret Trial
Pakistan and other offenses." When he was arrest- bloodbath began. To keep his young militants in
ed last March 26, hours after the army crackdown, line, he spoke of "emancipation" and "freedom."
cÖvmw½K e¨vcvi¸‡jv‡K mvg‡b wb‡q Av‡m UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi Yahya publicly branded him a traitor and hinted that "But there is no question of secession," Mujib often
23 AvM÷ 1971 G Mujib's Secret Trial kxl©K wi‡cvU©wU| he "might not live." Observed one Western diplomat said. "We only want our due share. Besides, East
e½eÜyi wePv‡ii cÖwKªqvwU ‡h evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li last week: "You know how hot the Punjabi plains Pakistanis are in a majority, and it is ridiculous to
cÖwZ‡iva‡K Av‡iv ZxeÖZi Ki‡e ‡mB mnR mZ¨wU‡K UvBg are this time of year. You might say Mujib has a think that the majority would secede from the
Zy‡j a‡i Gfv‡eÑ snowball's chance of acquittal." minority."
"Our people will react violently to this," a member Though everything about the trial is shrouded in UvBg Gi g~j wi‡cvU©wU cv‡eb GLv‡b
of the Bengali liberation underground whispered to secrecy, it was learned last week that the proceed- http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,877251,00.html
TIME Correspondent David Greenway in Dacca last ings are being held in a new, one-story red-brick jail
week. The warning proved all too true. Sheik in the textile city of Lyallpur, 150 miles south of The Most Fearful Consequence
Mujibur ("Mujib") Rahman, 51, fiery leader of East Rawalpindi. Islamabad sources claim that the strict
Pakistan and the man who may hold the key to secrecy is necessary to prevent Bengali rebels from gyw³hy‡×i mgq fvi‡Z AvkÖq ‡bqv kiYv_©x mgm¨v
ending the bloody five-month-old civil war, had just trying to rescue Mujib. More likely it is because ‡gvKv‡ejvq fvi‡Zi ivRbxwZwe`‡`i ga¨Kvi wPš—vfvebv,
gone on trial for his life before a secret military Yahya is unwilling to give Mujib a public platform. cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ m¤¢ve¨ GKwU hy‡×i cÖwZwKªqv,
court in West Pakistan, more than 1,500 miles gyw³hy‡×i ivR‰bwZK mgvavb, ‡mB mv‡_ ‡mB mg‡q mwKªq
away. Late that same afternoon, a bomb exploded c~e©-cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ av‡c ‡kL bKkvj Av‡›`vj‡bi c~e© evsjv (c~e©-cvwK¯—vb) Ges cwðg
in the lobby of Dacca's Intercontinental Hotel. gywReyi ingv‡bi f~wgKv, Zvi wei“‡× cwiPvjbv Kiv Ab¨vb¨ evsjv‡K GKÎxKi‡Yi ‡¶‡Î ‡Mwijv Av‡›`vj‡bi e¨vcv‡i
gvgjv wb‡qI Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q wi‡cvU©wU‡Z| Z‡e fviZ miKv‡ii mZK©Zv GB e¨vcvi¸wj D‡V G‡m‡Q 1971
The timing of the bombing tends to confirm that wi‡cvU© ‡h e¨vcviwU‡K wb‡q Ges wi‡cv‡U©i ‡k‡l UvBg mv‡ji 5B RyjvB cÖKvwkZ UvBg g¨vMvwR‡bi GB
Mujib's trial will further stiffen Bengali resistance to ‡hfv‡e conclusion Uvbvi ‡Póv K‡i‡Q ‡mwU wb‡q weZK© wi‡cvU©wU‡Z|
the occupying West Pakistani army. If there are any Av‡Q | e½eÜy ¯^vwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi avivevwnKZvq ¯^vaxbZv
chances of a political settlement —and they seem ‡P‡qwQ‡jb bvwK ïaygvÎB ¯^vqËkvm‡b mš‘ó wQ‡jb, GB In the long run, the Indians fear that they could be
almost nonexistent—imposition of the death penalty e¨vcviwU gyw³hy‡×i mgqKv‡j GKwU Av‡jvPbvi welq wQj| faced on their eastern border with an even more
could dash them. Z‡e gyw³hy‡×i ev¯—eZv ‡mB Av‡jvPbv‡K AcÖvmw½K K‡i threatening force than the Pakistan army. There is
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UvBg g¨vMvwRb : 25 A‡±vei 1971 Kg©KZ©v ‡ifv‡iÛ ‡Kbv‡Îv eygv GK mv¶vZKv‡i Rvbvb ‡h,
mvgvwRK wbq‡gi Kvi‡YB ‡Kvb gymjgvb ¯¿x‡K wdwi‡q wb‡Z
cywo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i evwoNi, Pvb bv, hw` Zvi ¯¿x Ab¨ ‡Kvb cyi“‡li nv‡Z ¯úwk©Z
(G‡¶‡Î al©Y) nb| hw` ¯¿xi Dci ‡Rvi LvUv‡bv nq,
nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q A¸YwZ gvbyl‡K... Zvn‡jI GKB wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨|
hw`I Bmjvgvev` Zv‡`i evwnbx‡K mvaviY ev½vjx‡`i Ici evsjv‡`‡ki `vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©Pvixiv GB aviv‡K `~i Kivi R‡b¨
Pvc Kgv‡bvi Av‡`k w`‡q‡Q, ZviciI cÖwZw`b M‡o wZwik me©vZ¥K ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Qb e‡j Rvwb‡q‡Qb wg. eygv| Zviv
nvRvi kiYv_©x wewfbœ c‡_ fvi‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡Q| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q GB gwnjv‡`i ¯^vgx‡`i exiv½bvi m¤§vb w`‡q wdwi‡q ‡bevi
Rvbv hvq ‡h, cywo‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i evwoNi, nZ¨v Kiv Aby‡iva Rvwb‡q‡Qb| ‡KD ‡KD Zv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i wd‡i
n‡”Q A¸YwZ gvbyl‡K wbwe©ev‡`| we‡kl we‡kl L¨vZbvgv wb‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Zv‡`i msL¨v wbZvš—B Kg|
‡jvK‡`i a‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q, hviv AvR Aewa wb‡LuvR| my`~icÖmvix cwiKíbvq GB gwnjv‡`i mvnvh¨ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
‰mb¨‡`i ee©iZvi Av‡iKwU cÖgvY n‡”Q, XvKv wWsMx (‡jLv wLª÷vb MxR©vi ms¯’v mvg‡bi mßv‡n Avevi Av‡jvPbvq emvi
n‡q‡Q wWsMx, Avgvi aviYv U½x n‡e) K¨v›Ub‡g‡›U 563 Rb cwiKíbv K‡i‡Q|
ev½vjx bvix‡`i AvU‡K ivLv| hy‡×i cÖ_g w`b ‡_‡KB Zviv
‡mLv‡b e›`x| wek¦we`¨vjq I wewfbœ AvevwmK GjvKv ‡_‡K mygv g¨vMvwRb : A‡±vei 1972
a‡i Avbv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i| G‡`i‡K al©Y Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges
mevB wZb ‡_‡K cvuP gv‡mi Aš—tmË¡v| G‡`i Mf©cvZ 26 gv‡P©i iv‡ZB XvKvq 50 nvRvi
Kiv‡bvI GLb Avi m¤¢e bq| GB Aš—tmË¡v bvix‡`i
A‡bK‡K GB Ae¯’v‡ZB ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq...
Kv‡iv c‡¶B ejv m¤¢e bq, KZ gvbyl GB M…nhy‡× wbnZ bvRx‡`i Bûw` wbab, bvMvmvwK‡Z GUg ‡evgvi aŸsmhÁ,
n‡q‡Qb| KivPxi GKwU m~Î, hvi Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi wgwjUvix wf‡qZbv‡g bvcvg †evgvi ‰ckvwPK nvgjv- Gme n‡”Q
Rvš—vi mv‡_ Nwbô ‡hvMv‡hvM, Rwb‡q‡Qb, g…‡Zi msL¨v gvbeRvwZi BwZnv‡m me‡P‡q KjsKRbK Aa¨vq| wKš‘ mviv
Kgc‡¶ GK wgwjq‡bi (10 j¶) g‡Zv n‡e| gyw³evwnbxi c…w_exi mvsevw`K‡`i Aj‡¶¨ N‡U hv‡”Q Av‡iKwU eo
Ae¯’vb Kiv GjvKvi Av‡kcv‡ki MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z cvwK¯—vb MYnZ¨v| GeviI Gwkqv‡ZB| j¶ j¶ mvaviY gvby‡li
‰mb¨‡`i nZ¨vRÁ I aŸsmjxjv GLb cÖwZw`‡biB i“wUb| Rxeb I m¤^j GB MYnZ¨vi gy‡LvgywL|
cvuP gvm Av‡M c~e© cvwK¯—vbxiv Zv‡`iB fvB cwðg cvwK¯—
wbD BqK© UvBgm : 18 Rvbyqvwi 1972 vbx‡`i Øviv AvÎvš— nq| nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv
n‡”Q wbwe©ev‡`, awl©Z n‡”Q bvixiv| K‡jiv I Abvnv‡i gviv
200000 evsjv‡`kx gwnjv cwK¯—vbx hv‡”Qb nvRvi nvRvi wkï I e…×| G ch©š— cÖvq AvU wgwjqb
gvbyl cÖwZ‡ekx ‡`k fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q| G
ˆmb¨‡`i Øviv awl©Z n‡q‡Qb... ch©š— GUv c…w_exi me‡P‡q eo kiYv_©x m¼U|
wLª÷vb wMR©v ms¯’v cwiPvwjZ GKRb wiwjd Kg©KZ©v Rvbvb cwiw¯’wZ ‡h KZUv fqven, Zvi cÖgvY XvKv kni| 26 gv‡P©i
‡h, cÖvq ‡h 200000 evsjv‡`kx gwnjv cwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨‡`i iv‡ZB XvKvq 50 nvRvi ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq| G ch©š—
Øviv awl©Z n‡q‡Qb I Zviv mgv‡R cybe©vm‡bi ‡Kvb c_ Lyu‡R me©‡gvU g…‡Zi msL¨v 10 j‡¶iI ‡ewk| M‡o cÖwZw`b wZwik
cv‡”Qb bv| nvRvi gvbyl AvkÖq LyuR‡Q cÖwZ‡ekx ‡`k fvi‡Z|
wLª÷vb wMR©vi ms¯’v wiwjd ‡mvmvBwUi Gwkqvb A‡ji KvivKvm
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wb‡Pi ‡jLvwU Century of Genocide: Eyewitness wb‡qwQj| wKš‘ Avwg (nqZ wKQyUv ¯^v_©c‡ii gZ) fvejvg cwðgvskI R¡jwQj|
Accounts and Critical Views By Samuel Totten, wb‡Ri gZ K‡i _vwK; Avi ZvB PZy_© Zjvi DËi ‡KvYvi mKvj ‡ejv‡Z Qv·`i Mjvi AvIqvR ‡c‡q Avwg ‡ei nB|
William S. Parsons and Israel W. Charny (New w`‡K P‡j ‡Mjvg Av‡¯— Av‡¯— Kªj K‡i| Rvbvjv w`‡q Avwg ‡`wL wKQy QvÎ wcÖqbv_`vi g…Z‡`n e‡q wb‡q hv‡”Q wb‡Pi
York: Garland Publishing, 1997) eB‡qi `kg PvÞvi ‡`LwQjvg Avwg©iv mvP©jvBU w`‡q Qv·`i ‡Lvu‡R i“‡g i“‡g w`‡K Avi Avwg©iv Zv‡`i cvnviv w`‡”Q| Avwg©iv Avgv‡KI
(c„ôv 291-316) ‡_‡K Abyev` Kiv I ms‡¶wcZ| GB Zj¬vwk Pvjvw”Qj| Avi Lyu‡R ‡c‡jB Zv‡`i‡K knx` wgbv‡ii e‡j Qv·`i mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨| nj ‡_‡K g…Z‡`n¸‡jv wb‡q
P¨vÞv‡ii bvg Eyewitness Accounts: Genocide in Kv‡Q wb‡q ‡h‡q ¸wj KiwQj| cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©iv gv‡S gv‡SB wb‡q Avgiv evB‡ii gv‡V R‡ov KiwQjvg| ‡mB mg‡q Avgiv
Bangladesh by Rounaq Jahan. gU©vi e¨envi KiwQj n‡ji w`‡K ZvK K‡i| A¨v‡m¤^wji K‡qKRb wQjvg QvÎ, K‡qKRb gvwj, ‡MU i¶‡Ki `yB ‡Q‡j
mvg‡bi wUb‡kW Avi DËi e¬‡Ki ‡ekwKQy i“‡g Av¸bI Avi evwKiv wQj cqcwi¯‹viKvix| cqcwi¯‹viKvixiv Avwg©‡`i
GB P¨vÞv‡i GKvˇii MYnZ¨vi ‡ek wKQy mv¶xi K_v ejv awi‡q ‡`q Zviv| ejj, Zviv ‡Zv ev½vwj bv, Zv‡`i ‡hb ‡h‡Z ‡`qv nq|
n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g `yB As‡k 25‡k gvP© Kv‡jviv‡Z XvKv wKQy mgq c‡i 40-50 Rb cvwK¯—vwb Avwg© `w¶Y e¬‡K Av‡m Avwg©iv Zv‡`i Avgv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K
BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z N‡U hvIqv nZ¨vKv‡Ûi mv¶x `yBR‡bi K_v Avi WvBwbs i“‡gi Rvbvjv ‡f‡½ wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i| Avi Avjv`v K‡i ‡bq| Avwg©iv
ejv nq| GKRb wQ‡jb RMbœv_ n‡ji QvÎ Avi Ab¨Rb jvBU R¡vwj‡q ‡hme QvÎ ‡mLv‡b AvkÖq wb‡qwQj Zv‡`i mviv¶Y Avgv‡`i jvw_
ey‡q‡Ui GKRb wk¶K| Z…Zxq I PZy_© mv¶x eY©bv ‡`b Dc‡i ¸wjel©Y K‡i| Avwg©iv hLb ‡mB i“g ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q ‡g‡iwQj Avi
cvwK¯—vwb‡`i bvix wbh©vZ‡bi| Avi cÂg mv¶x GK MÖv‡g Av‡m, ZLb Zviv n‡ji ‡Kqvi‡UKvi wcÖqbv_`v‡K gv_vq wc¯— wPrKvi KiwQj
N‡U hvIqv wKQy wbiciva wK‡kvi nZ¨vi wKQy weeiY Zy‡j j ‡VwK‡q wewfbœ i“‡gi w`‡K wb‡q hvw”Qj| ‡mB mg‡q Avwg ÒWe will see
a‡ib| Avi ‡kl mv¶xi K_v ‡_‡K wenvix‡`i wKQy Zv‡`i ‡`L‡Z cviwQjvg bv, KviY Avwg ev_i“g ‡_‡K how you get
ZvÛejxjvi K_v Rvbv hvq| ‡ei n‡q PZz_© Zjvi mvb‡k‡W jywK‡qwQjvg| wKš‘ free
‡Mvjv¸wji kã, Qv·`i AvnvRvwi Avi Avwg©‡`i Bangladesh!
fvOPy‡ii kã wVKB ïb‡Z cvw”Qjvg| Avwg©iv P‡j ‡M‡j Why don't you
RMbœv_ n‡ji nZ¨vKvÛ Avwg Avevi ev_i“‡g G‡m jyKvB| Rvbvjv w`‡q ‡`L‡Z shout Joy
‡cjvg mwjgyj¬vn n‡jI BanglaÓ| Avgv‡`i
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971: Av¸e R¡j‡Q| wZbwU Mªy‡c fvM K‡i
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989) kn‡ii Avwg ‡hB Mªy‡c wQjvg
eB‡qi Kvwj iÄbkx‡ji ÒRMbœv_ n‡j wQjvg Ó Aa¨vq ‡_‡K DËi ‡mUv‡K wb‡q Zviv
(c„ôv 5)| Avi BDwbfvwm©wUi
‡KvqvU©v‡i hvq
Avwg `w¶Y e¬‡Ki 235 b¤^i i“‡g wQjvg| 25 ZvwiL iv‡Z Avi cvuP Zjvi
‡Mvjv¸wj Avi ‡evgv-‡kj dvUvi k‡ã Avgvi Nyg ‡f‡½ hvq| me¸‡jv i“g
nZf¤^ n‡q wPš—v KiwQjvg Kx Kiv hvq| Zvici Avwg QvÎ ‡PK K‡i
msm‡`i ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡KªUvwi mykx‡ji Kv‡Q hvevi Rb¨ Kªj
K‡i PZz_© Zjvq DVjvg| Zvi i“‡g Av‡iv wKQy ‡Q‡j GiB Qwe :
g‡a¨ G‡m c‡owQj wKš‘ mykxj ZLb i“‡g wQj bv| QvÎiv wK‡kvi
Avgv‡K ejj Qv‡` ‡h‡Z, ‡hLv‡b Av‡iv ‡ekwKQy ‡Q‡j AvkÖq cv‡iL
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Ges g~j¨evb wRwbmcÎ me jyU K‡i| wb‡Pi Zjvq Avgiv ‡kl nevi c‡i hviv jvk¸‡jv e‡q G‡bwQj Zv‡`i jvBb `uvo Pyj Avi ‡Quov kvwo c¨uvPv‡bv wQj, A‡b‡Ki
¯Z‚c K‡i ivLv g…Z‡`n ‡`‡LwQjvg ‡ekwKQy| Kwi‡q ‡i‡L ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡i ‡djv nq| nv‡Z Pywo wQj| fyi“½vgvwi nvB ¯‹y‡ji GKwU
wd‡i Avmvi c‡i Avgv‡`i w`‡q g…Z‡`n¸‡jv knx` wgbv‡i i“‡g 16 Rb wbh©vwZZ bvix‡K D×vi Kwi| Av‡kcv‡ki
wb‡q Av‡M ‡_‡KB ‡mLv‡b ivLv Av‡iv A‡bK g…Z‡`‡ni mv‡_ GB NUbvi we¯—vwiZ weeiY (B‡jKwUÖK¨vj wWcvU©‡g‡›Ui wUPvi MÖvg ‡_‡K Zv‡`i wb‡q Avmv n‡qwQj| mv‡K©j Awd‡mi wewf-
R‡ov Kivq| Avgvi mv_x I Avwg hLb mybxj`vi (n‡ji W. b~i“j Djvi wb‡Ri fvlvq e‡j hvIqv) cv‡eb GgGgAvi bœ i“‡g Avgiv A‡bK cÖgvY cvB ‡h bvix‡`i Rvbvjvi mv‡_
MvW©) g…Z‡`n e‡q wbw”Qjvg ZLb cv‡ki ew¯— ‡_‡K Rvjv‡ji ‡cv‡÷ ‡eu‡a ‡i‡L evievi ‡ic Kiv n‡qwQj| cyiv ‡g‡S f‡i wQj
gwnjv‡`i wPrKvi ïb‡Z cvB| Avwg©iv H mg‡q (http://www.sachalayatan.com/mmr_jalal/9806)| i‡³, j¤^v Py‡j Avi ‡Quov Kvc‡o|
cqcwi¯‹viKvix‡`i Dc‡i ¸wjel©Y KiwQj| Avwg eySjvg ‡h
Avgv‡`iI mg‡q G‡m‡Q KviY hviv Avgv‡`i Av‡M jvB‡b bvix wbh©vZb GK Kg©KZ©vi ¯¿x
wQj Zv‡`i‡K GKmvwi‡Z `uvo Kwi‡q Avwg©iv ¸wj KiwQj|
Avwg Hmg‡q ‡`‡LwQjvg W. ‡`‡ei (wd‡jvmwd wefv‡Mi GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971:
cÖ‡dim) g…Z‡`n| Avwg ZLb Ibvi g…Z‡`‡ni cv‡k ï‡q GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989) Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp.
cwo mybxj`vi jvk a‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq Avi ¸wji A‡c¶vq eB‡qi ‡gv. AvLZvi“¾vgvb gÛ‡ji ÒAvgv‡`i gv ‡evbÓ
_vwK| wKQy¶Y c‡i ‡PvL ‡g‡j ‡`wL Zviv mevB P‡j ‡M‡Q| 141-42) ‡_‡K|
Aa¨vq ‡_‡K (c…ôv 197)|
Zvici Avwg hvB cv‡ki ew¯—‡Z| ‡mLv‡b B`y fvB (cyivb eB
we‡KªZv) Avgv‡K Afq ‡`b| Zvici cyivb XvKv n‡q b`x wZwb (25 eQi eqm) wQ‡jb GK miKvix Kg©KZ©vi ¯¿x| Zvui
Avgiv fyi“½vgvwi ¯^vaxb Kivi Rb¨ 11B b‡f¤^i ‡_‡K wZb ‡Q‡j‡g‡q wQj| Avwg©iv cÖ_‡g Zvui ¯^vgx‡K wb‡q hvq,
cvi n‡q (gvwS UvKv ‡bb bvB) wkgywjqv, bIqveMÄ n‡q cwðg, DËi I c~e© w`K ‡_‡K GK‡hv‡M AvKªgY ïi“ Kwi|
Avwg GwcÖ‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q ewikv‡j Avgvi MÖv‡g P‡j Avi cÖvq Aa© g…Z Ae¯’vq ‡diZ ‡`q| Zvici Ab¨ GK`j
fviZxq wegvb evwnbx Hw`b mKv‡j Dchy©cwi wegvb nvgjv Avwg© Av‡m mKvj 8-9 Uvi w`‡K| Avi Zvu‡K ‡ic K‡i Zvui
Avwm| ïi“ K‡i| 13B b‡f¤^‡i Avgiv wbKUeZ©x nB Avi fviZxq ¯^vgx-mš—vb‡`i mvg‡b| Zvici Av‡iv GK`j Avwg© Av‡m
wegvb evwnbxI Zv‡`i A¨vUvK ‡Rvi`vi K‡i| 14 ZvwiL `ycyi 2.30 Uvi w`‡K Avi Zvu‡K Zy‡j wb‡q hvq| GK
W. b~i“j Djvi WKy‡g›Uvwi mKv‡j cvwK¯—vwb‡`i ‡Mvjv¸wj eÜ n‡q hvq Avi Avgiv evsKv‡i AvU‡K ‡i‡L Zvu‡K evievi ‡ic K‡i, cÖwZ iv‡Z
fyi“½gvwi‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi Rq evsjv ej‡Z ej‡Z| 50-60 wZwb AÁvb bv nIqv ch©š—| wZb gvm c‡i hLb wZwb wd‡i
GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the Rb cvwK¯—vwb Avwg©‡K AvUK Kwi Avi Zv‡`i K¨v‡Þb‡K Av‡mb, wZwb wQ‡jb ‡cÖMb¨v›U| MÖv‡gi gvbylRb Zvu‡K
Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp. 79- (Captain Ataullah Khan) cvB e¨v¼v‡i g…Z Ae¯’vq| H mnvbyfywZ Rvbvq| wKš‘ Zvui ¯^vgx Zvu‡K ‡diZ wb‡Z A¯^xKvi
83) ‡_‡K| mg‡qI ‡m GK g…Z bvix‡K Rwo‡q a‡iwQj| Zvui mviv K‡i| MÖv‡gi gvbyl ‡Rvi Kivq Zvui ¯^vgx AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i|
kix‡i wbh©vZ‡bi `vM| Zvu‡K Avgiv Kei ‡`B| Avgiv Zvu‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi ‡Póv Pvjvw”Q wKš‘ wZwb GKwU
wk¶K‡`i A‡š—¨vwówKªqvi mg‡q evsjv wWcvU©‡g‡›Ui cÖ‡dmi ZL‡bv fvwewb Avi KZ wbg©g `…k¨ ‡`Lv evwK Av‡Q| K_vB evievi e‡j hv‡”Qb ÒBut why, why did they do it?
iwdK Dj Bmjvg Avgv‡K wdmwdm K‡i e‡jb ‡h, wUwf Iq¨vi‡j‡m Avgv‡K mv‡K©j Awd‡m ‡h‡Z ejv nq| ‡mLv‡b It would have been better if we had both diedÓ|
‡÷k‡b GKwU WKy‡g›Uvwi Av‡Q 25 ‡k gv‡P©i MYnZ¨vi| Avgiv ‡ekwKQy Aí eqmx bvix‡K Zvjve× Ae¯’vq cvB|
mv‡_ mv‡_ Avwg Rvwgj ‡PŠayix‡K wRÁvmv Kwi GB e¨vcv‡i| Zv‡`i‡K `iRv ‡f‡½ Avgiv gy³ Kwi| `iRv fv½vi c‡i
wZwb Avgv‡K Kbdvg© K‡ib e¨vcviUv| wZwb Av‡iv Rvbvb
GK ‡gŠjwfi K_v
Avgiv Zvu‡`i‡K bMœ, awl©Z wbh©vwZZ Ae¯’vq ‡`L‡Z cvB|
BwÄwbqvwis BDwbfvwm©wUi GKRb cÖ‡dmi GB wfwWIwU aviY Avgiv mv‡_ mv‡_ i“g ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q PviUv jyw½ Avi PviUv GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q Amita Malik's The Year of the
K‡iwQ‡jb| 5B Rvbyqvwi‡Z Avwg AbygwZ cvB wUwf ‡K‡›`Ö ‡eWwkU Qy‡o ‡`B wfZ‡i| Avgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ K_v ejvi Vulture (New Delhi: Orient Longmans, 1972, pp.
GB wfwWIwU ‡`Lvi| ‡Póv Kwi wKš‘ Zvuiv LyeB kKW Ae¯’vq wQ‡jb| GKRb 102-4) ‡_‡K| GwU ‡kL gywR‡ei wbR MÖv‡gi Kvwnbx|
wQ‡jb Qq mvZ gv‡mi ‡cÖM‡b›U| GKRb wQ‡jb
cÖvq 20 wgwb‡Ui GB wfwWIwU‡Z ‡`Lv hvq RMbœv_ nj ‡_‡K gqgbwms‡ni K‡jR QvÎx| Zvu‡`i‡K wPwKrmvi Rb¨ BwÛqvb 19‡k GwcÖj 1971 Zvwi‡L mKvj 8 Uvi w`‡K cÖvq 35 Rb
jvk e‡q wKQy gvbyl ‡ei n‡”Q| jvk¸‡jv ‡ek mvwie×fv‡e Avwg©i Mvwo‡Z K‡i BwÛqv‡Z wb‡q hvIqv nq| Avgiv iv¯—vi Avwg© j‡Â K‡i Avgv‡`i MÖv‡g Av‡m| wKQyw`b Av‡M Avwg
ivLv nq| Gfv‡e Av‡¯— Av‡¯— jv‡ki ¯—yc K‡i ‡djv nq| Av‡kcv‡k M‡Z© A‡bK Lywj Avwe¯‹vi Kwi| Lywj¸‡jv‡Z j¤^v ‡k‡Li evev gv‡K e‡jwQjvg MÖvg ‡Q‡o ‡h‡Z, wKš‘ Zvuiv ivwR
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nb bvB| Avwg©iv G‡m Avgv‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡c‡q wRÁvmv K‡i, Avwg©iv Hw`b ‡gvU QqRb wb‡`©vl wK‡kvi‡K
GB ‡gŠjwf, ‡k‡Li evev-gv ‡Kvb& evwo‡Z _v‡K| Avwg Zvui
evev‡K ‡W‡K Avwb| Avgiv GKUv ‡Pqvi w`‡qwQjvg wKš‘
`ycyi `yBUv ch©š— GB nZ¨vKvÛ nZ¨v K‡i ‡Kvb KviY QvovB| ‡Zvive Bqv`
Avjxi gv evievi e‡jI ‡Q‡j‡K Kei ‡`qvi Rb¨
Avwg©iv Zvu‡K gvwU‡Z em‡Z eva¨ K‡i| Zvici ‡k‡Li gv Pj‡Z _v‡K| G mg‡qi w`‡K Zviv wb‡q ‡h‡Z cv‡ib wb, Kvib Avwg©iv Pvw”Qj GBme g…Z‡`n
Avgvi nvZ a‡ib, Avi Avwg Zvu‡K ‡Pqv‡i em‡Z mvnvh¨
Kwi| Avwg©iv ‡k‡Li evevi wc‡V ‡÷bMvb Avi Avgvi wc‡V
10-12 Rb ev½vwji GKwU `j‡K ‡`wL‡q mevB‡K fq ‡`Lv‡Z| GB weaevi 10 eQ‡ii mš—vb
wgVy‡KI Zviv ¸wj K‡i| Kvib wQj wgVy gyw³evwnbx‡K mvnvh¨
GKwU ivB‡dj a‡i Avi e‡j `k wgwb‡Ui gv‡S ‡Zvgv‡`i Av‡b| Avi Zv‡`i‡K w`‡q MZ© K‡iwQj|
‡g‡i ‡dj‡ev| Lywo‡q jvk¸‡jv Kei ‡`qvq Ges
dqmÕ ‡j‡Ki nZ¨vKvÛ
Zviv ‡k‡Li evwo ‡_‡K GKwU Wv‡qwi Avi wKQy Jla ‡bq, Zv‡`i‡KI ‡g‡i ‡d‡j Ae‡k‡l|
Avi Avgvi Kv‡Q Pvwe †Luv‡R| Avwg Pvwe w`‡j Zviv UÖv¼
‡f‡½ Zj¬vwk Pvjvq; hw`I cvuPwU PvgP Qvov Avi wKQyB ‡g‡j
Zvici Avb‡›` wPrKvi Ki‡Z GB AskUyKy ‡bqv n‡q‡Q iwk` nvq`vi m¤úvw`Z Ò1971:
fqvfq AwfÁZvÓ (XvKv, RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx, 1989)
bvB| Zviv GKwU Qwe ‡`‡L Avgv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i GUv Kvi| Ki‡Z wenvwi¸‡jv P‡j hvq eB‡qi Avãyj ‡Mvdiv‡bi Òd‡qR ‡j‡Ki MYnZ¨vÓ Aa¨vq
‡kL gywR‡ei ejvq Zviv ‡mBUvI wb‡q hvq| ‡_‡K|
Zviv Avgv‡K ivB‡dj w`‡q ‡g‡i ‡k‡Li evevi cv‡k ‡U‡b cvnvoZjxi AvKei kvn gmwR‡`i Kv‡Q Avgvi GKUv
‡bq Avi Avev‡iv ‡g‡i ‡djvi ûgwK ‡`q| Avwg wRÁvmv ‡`vKvb wQj| 10B b‡f¤^i, 1971 mKvj 6 Uvi w`‡K cÖvq
Kwi ‡k‡Li evev‡K ‡Kb gvi‡e? Zviv e‡j ÒIs lire, keonki 40-50 Rb wenvwi Avgvi ‡`vKv‡b G‡m ‡Rvi K‡i Avgv‡K
wohne shaitan paida kira hai" ["Because he has wb‡q hvq| Zviv Avgv‡K d‡qR ‡j‡K wb‡q hvq| ‡mLv‡b
produced a devil."]Ó Avgv‡K ‡Kb gvi‡e, ‡h wKbv Avwg ‡`L‡Z cvB cv¤ú nvD‡Ri DËi cv‡k ‡j‡Ki av‡i
gmwR‡`i Bgvg? Zviv e‡j ÒAap kiska imam hai? Aap A‡bK‡K nvZ ‡eu‡a ivLv n‡q‡Q| wenvwi‡`i nv‡Z Qywi,
vote dehtehain" ["What sort of an imam are you? Z‡jvqvi ev kvc© Ab¨ ‡Kvb A¯¿ wQ‡jv|
You vote."]Ó K¨v‡Þb ZLb Av‡iv e‡j 8 wgwbU ‡M‡Q Avi
2 wgwbU c‡i ¸wj Kiv n‡e| ZLb GKRb ‡gRi ‡`Š‡o wenvwiiv cÖ_‡g ev½vwj‡`i gvi‡avi KiwQj Avi A¯¿avix‡`i
Av‡m j ‡_‡K, Avi wb‡`©k ‡`q Avgv‡`i bv gvivi| c‡i Kv‡Q wb‡q hvw”Qj| GK`j A¯¿avix wenvwi Amnvq
‡k‡Li evwo cywo‡q ‡`qv nq| gvbyl¸‡jvi ‡c‡U Nywl gviwQj Avi Z‡jvqvi w`‡q gv_v
wew”Qbœ KiwQj| Avwg ‡ek K‡qK Mªyc ev½vwj‡K Gfv‡e ‡g‡i
Avwg mv‡_ mv‡_ gmwR‡` hvB Avi cÖvq 50 R‡bi gZ ‡dj‡Z ‡`wL| GKRb wenvwi Avgvi w`‡K AvMvq Avi Avgvi
MÖvgevmx‡K ‡`L‡Z cvB| Avwg©iv GiB g‡a¨ wZbRb evjK‡K ‡mv‡qUvi Ly‡j ‡bq| ZLb Avwg Zv‡K Nywl ‡g‡i ‡j‡K Svuc
‡U‡b ‡ei K‡i ¸wj K‡i gv‡i| Lvb mv‡n‡ei (‡kL gywR‡ei ‡`B| Ab¨cv‡o ‡h‡q Avwg ‡Suv‡ci Avov‡j jyKvB| Zviv
PvPvi) GKRb wK‡kvi f…Z¨ wQj Gikv` bv‡g| Avwg©iv Avgvi ‡Lvu‡R Avm‡jI Avwg fvM¨Kª‡g jywK‡q _vK‡Z m¶g
Avgv‡K Zvi K_v ej‡j Avwg ewj ‡h ‡m GKRb Kv‡Ri nB| ‡Suv‡ci Avov‡j ‡_‡K Avwg Av‡iv A‡bK‡K GKBfv‡e
‡Q‡j| wKš‘ ZLb GK ivRvKvi ‡gŠjwf (cv‡ki MÖv‡gi) e‡j nZ¨v Ki‡Z ‡`wL|
‡h H ‡Q‡jUv ‡kL gywR‡ei AvZ¥xq, hv Av`‡Z wg_¨v wQj|
Avwg©iv Gikv`‡KI jvB‡b wb‡q hvq| ‡Q‡jUv cvwb ‡L‡Z `ycyi `yBUv ch©š— GB nZ¨vKvÛ Pj‡Z _v‡K| G mg‡qi w`‡K
PvB‡jI ‡`qv nq bvB| XvKv ‡_‡K Avmv GKwU wK‡kvi ‡h Zviv 10-12 Rb ev½vwji GKwU `j‡K Av‡b| Avi Zv‡`i‡K
‡mLv‡b Zvi evevi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Zv Zv‡KI ‡g‡i ‡d‡j w`‡q MZ© Lywo‡q jvk¸‡jv Kei ‡`qvq Ges Zv‡`i‡KI ‡g‡i
Avwg©iv| Gikv`‡K Zvi gv‡qi mvg‡b ¸wj K‡i gv‡i| ¸wji ‡d‡j Ae‡k‡l| Zvici Avb‡›` wPrKvi Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wen-
c‡i Gikv` GKUy bovPov Ki‡j Avevi Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i| vwi¸‡jv P‡j hvq| ZL‡bv A‡bK jvk Av‡kcv‡k c‡o wQj|
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m~wPcÎ |
gv`vi ‡Z‡imv m¤ú‡K© bZyb K‡i ej‡Z PvIqvUv GK ai‡bi a…óZv| kÖ×vÄwj wbDBqK© UvBg‡mi mvsevw`K A‡eÖ ‡g‡bb Ryb-RyjvB '72 bvMv` G‡mwQ‡jb
RvbvB gvbeZvev`x GB Zcmx‡K| Zvi A‡bK cwiP‡qi GKwU n‡”Q '72 mv‡j G‡`‡k| Zvi mvovRvMvwbqv AvwU©‡Kj '`¨ ‡ic Ae evsjv‡`k' ‡ewi‡qwQj 23
hy×weaŸ¯— m`¨ ¯^vaxb GB ‡`kwUi wbcxwoZv-wbM…nxZv‡`i GKUv wn‡j¬ Ki‡Z RyjvB '72| exiv½bv‡`i m‡½ K_vevZ©v e‡jwQ‡jb wZwb| K_v e‡j‡Qb gv`v‡ii
mv‡_I| KjKvZvq Zvi AvkÖ‡g wM‡qwQ‡jb| cÖvmw½K LvwbKUv Zy‡j w`w”Q
‡g‡b‡bi eqv‡bÑ
'... d¨vKv‡k bxj cv‡oi mv`v kvwo c‡o Zvi mnKvixiv Avm‡Qb hv‡”Qb|
Avgvi m‡½ K_vI ej‡Qb ‡KD ‡KD| LvwbKci Avgvi wVK ‡cQ‡b GKR‡bi
wbtkã Dcw¯’wZ ‡Ui ‡cjvg| ‡cvkvK ‡`‡L fvejvg DwbI gv`v‡ii mnKvix‡`i
GKRb| ‡e‡ULv‡Uv GKRb gwnjv| ZvKvjvg Zvi w`‡K| wbw`©ó K‡i ej‡j Zvi
‡Pv‡Li w`‡K| ey‡S ‡djjvg Zvi cwiPq|
ga¨eqmx| ‡Pnvivq i“¶ GKUv Qvc c‡o‡Q| wKš‘ ‡PvL`y‡Uv hyeZx| gvqv gvqv,
LvwbKUv ‡KŠZyKgvLv| ‡cvc Rb I gnvZ¥v MvÜxiB Igb ‡PvL ‡`‡LwQ Avwg|
gv`vi KjKvZvq Zvi wgkb ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb Ae‡nwjZ eq¯‹‡`i wb‡q| msmvi I
¯^Rb hv‡`i ‡evSv ‡f‡e Z¨vM K‡i‡Q| ‡kl eq‡m G‡m gv`v‡ii ‡Kv‡jB cig
AvkÖq ‡c‡q‡Qb Zviv| c‡ivcKvi I Rb‡mevi GB gnvb eÖZB Zv‡K ‡MvUv
fvi‡Z wKse`š—xi gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`‡ki (¯^vaxbZv hy‡×) awl©Zv‡`i D×viK‡í ZviB Ae`vb cÖ_g- Avgvi
GB ¯—ywZUv ‡njvq cvk KvUv‡jb gv`vi| 'nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl ILv‡b KvR Ki‡Q
GLb'| Lye kvš— Mjvq ej‡jb| Zvici AevK K‡i w`‡qB ‡hvM Ki‡jb,
'GKw`K ‡_‡K e¨vcviUv fv‡jv n‡q‡Q| evOvjxiv RvwZ wn‡m‡e LyeB `qvjy|
IUvB Zv‡`i g¾vMZ| GB NUbvUv Zv‡`i wfwË bvwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| Gi `iKvi
wQj| GLb Zviv Mv Svov w`‡q‡Q| k'‡q k'‡q ‡g‡q-cyi“l GwM‡q Avm‡Q
mvnv‡h¨| Avgvi aviYv ¯^Rv‡Zi GB UÖv‡RwW Zv‡`i g‡bvRMZ e`‡j w`‡q‡Q|
Zywg wK Rv‡bv, kZ kZ Zi“Y GwM‡q G‡m‡Q GB ‡g‡q‡`i we‡q Ki‡Z?'
'gv`vi ‡Z‡imv| ‡KD wK mwZ¨ we‡q K‡i‡Q?' cÖkœ Kijvg| 'GL‡bv bv| Z‡e
`¨v‡Lv, Gme ‡g‡qi ‡ewkifvMB Mf©eZx| ev”Pv n‡e ev n‡q‡Q| ZvB Avgv‡`i
A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|'
mevi Av‡M GwM‡q G‡mwQ‡jb wZwbB| exiv½bv mgm¨v wb‡q wngwkg Lv‡”Q
evsjv‡`k miKvi| w`‡k cv‡”Q bv ‡Kv‡bv| GKUv Pyc Pyc fve Pviw`‡K| ‡g‡i Mf©eZx n‡q cov ‡g‡q‡`i Rb¨ evsjv‡`k miKvi Mf©cvZ Kg©m~Px wb‡q‡Q| wKš‘
‡djv n‡e bv, AvZ¥nZ¨vq cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv n‡e- Ggb b·vq e¨¯— mgvRcwZiv| e¨vcviUv wVK mgvR ¯^xK…Z bq| Z‡e mgvR Zv‡`i wVK eÖvZ¨I K‡iwb|
gv`vi G‡jb| XvKvi ey‡K cuvPwU evwo fvov wb‡q Lyj‡jb exiv½bv‡`i Rb¨ ‡ewkifvM wkïB fywgó n‡e| gv`vi Rvbvjv w`‡q evB‡i GK`…‡ó ZvwK‡q
AvkÖq ‡K›`Ö| iB‡jb| ...'
129
m~wPcÎ |
130
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxbZvi 36 eQi ci AvRI evsjvi N‡i N‡i nvRvi 2. weMZ weGbwc miKv‡ii mg‡qB evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU
nvRvi AvRv‡`i gv, i“wgi gv, Ry‡q‡ji gv‡qiv wbf…‡Z Av`vjZ wRqvDi ingvb I Gikv‡`i ¶gZv `Lj I
†Pv‡Li cvwb †d‡j| c…w_exi me Kó nqZ mg‡qi kvmbvgj‡K A‰ea ‡NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| miKvi DPP
Rvnvbviv Bgvg mv‡_ mv‡_ nvjKv n‡q hvq wKš‘ mš—vb nvivevi Kó wK Av`vj‡Z cÖfve LvwU‡q G ivq‡K ¯’wMZ K‡i‡Q| ivq
Avwg fvM cvB bvBÓ AvRv‡`i gv c‡ii w`b wUwdb †Kvb w`b K‡g| Rxe‡bi cªwZwU w`b, cªwZwU ivZ †mB wKš‘ evwZj nqwb| G ivq ev¯—evwqZ n‡j G `yB Avg‡j
K¨vwiqv‡i K‡i fvZ, gvsm, AvjyfZ©v, †e¸bfvwR nv‡Z †Q‡j nviv‡bvi †e`bv ey‡K wb‡q Zviv †eu‡P _v‡K| M…nxZ wm×vš—¸‡jvI
wb‡q gv mviv ivZ _vbvi mvg‡b `vuwo‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘ gv‡qi Kv‡Q mš—vb we`vq wb‡q `~‡i K_vI P‡j †M‡Q| evwZj n‡e| ¸i“Zi Aciv‡a wePvivaxb 10 nvRvi
Zv‡K Rvbvb nq AvRv` igbv _vbvq †bB| Dwb mviv †mB knx` gv‡qiv Zv‡`i †Q‡ji gyL Avi †Kvb w`bI `vjvj, hviv gywRe Avg‡j mvaviY ¶gv cvqwb Ges
ivZ GK _vbv †_‡K Av‡iK _vbv, Ggwc †nv‡ój, †`L‡Z cv‡e bv, Zv‡`i †Q‡jiv el©vi Zygyj el©‡Y cvwK¯—v‡b cvwj‡q hvIqv Rvgv‡Zi kxl© ‡bZv hv‡`i
†K›Uig¨v›U Ly‡RI †Kv_vI AvRv`‡K cvIqv hvq wb| gv‡qi nv‡Zi Av`‡i gvLv wLPyix Lv‡e bv, †NvgUvi wei“‡× ‡MÖßvwi c‡ivqvbv SyjwQj, Zv‡`i mevB‡K Avevi
AvRv`‡K Avi KLbI Ly‡R cvIqv hvq wb| dvuK M‡j †P‡q _vKv gv‡qi `…wó wb‡q ki‡Zi AvKv‡k wePv‡ii gy‡LvgywL n‡Z n‡e|
Nywo Dov‡e bv, KbK‡b kx‡Zi iv‡Z gv‡qi ey‡Ki ‡mvRv K_vq, cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi wePvi Kivi g‡Zv
¯^vaxbZvi †h 14 eQi AvRv‡`i gv mvwdqv †eMg †eu‡P DòZv wb‡e bv, K¬vš— n‡q evmvq G‡m gv‡qi kvwoi Avš—R©vwZK cÖfve evsjv‡`k AR©b Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI
wQ‡jb wZwb mviv w`b `iRvi Kv‡Q `vuwo‡q _vK‡Zb| AvuP‡j gyL gyQ‡e bv, Mªx‡®§i DËß `ycy‡i gv‡qi †Lvjv ‡`‡k _vKv NvZK `vjvj RvgvZx Ms‡`i wePvi n‡Z
WvKwcqb Avm‡j †`Š‡o hvb Zvi †Q‡ji †KvbI wPwV kxZj wc‡V KwP kixi †jc‡U Nygv‡e bv, gv‡qi A‡bK cv‡i, ‡h ‡Kv‡bv gyû‡Z©B| ïay cÖ‡qvRb GKUv w¯’wZkxj,
Av‡Q bvwK †`L‡Z| GKUy kã n‡j Zvi eyK KvucZ| Av`‡ii gvbylwU KLbB gv‡K wb‡q wcªq gvZ…f~wg mvnmx, gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbvi cÖwZ mwZ¨Kv‡ii A½xKvive×
ZLb †kl evi †m‡j AvRv`‡K †`‡LwQ‡jb AvRv` evsjv‡`‡k‡K †`L‡Z cv‡e bv| miKvi hviv Acivax‡`i Acivax wn‡m‡eB MY¨ Ki‡e,
gvwU‡Z ï‡q wQj| gvwU‡Z Lvwj GKUv cvwU wQj †Kvb ivRbxwZi ¸wU wn‡m‡e bq| ‡K Rv‡b, GiKg GKUv
evwjk wQj bv| AvRv‡`i gv IB w`‡bi ci †_‡K 14 †g 2007 miKvi M‡o bv DVvi wcQ‡b Av‡iv A‡bK wn‡m‡ei mv‡_
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii wn‡mewU I Av‡Q wKbv!
29 GwcÖj 2007
132
m~wPcÎ |
133
m~wPcÎ |
¸wj jBqv mv‡iÛvi Kiv| Avi bv nq ÔgDZ ‡Ziv cyKvi UvKv `v‡gi nvwm w`qv MjvUvi gvB‡Ï ‡Rvi LvKivwb gvBiv Pvu`cyi, ewikvj gv`vwicy‡i `wiqvi gB‡Ï
Zv|Õ `yB wKwQ‡gi KvieviB PjZv‡Q| cvwK¯—vbx ‡mvjRvi‡Mv KB‡jv, Avgv‡Mv KvDjv GKUv Avnv¤§K| hy‡×i ïi“ nIqvi Pyevwb| h‡kv‡i ‡MÄvg Avi e¸ovq BWv ‡KsKv
Avt evt wdÖ| gv‡b wKbv Avnvi I evm¯’vb wdÖ nBqv ‡M‡Q| mv‡o AvUgvm ev‡` nvjvq wRMvBZv‡Q we”Py‡Mv ‡W‡ik wK KB‡i n‡jv ‡i!
nM&Mj ‡mvjRviB AvRivBj ‡d‡ikZvi LvZvq bvg iK‡gi! Zq ‡nvb| Giv nBZv‡Q w`bKv ‡gvwnbx, ivZKv
wjLvBZv‡Q| GB wi‡cvU© cvBqv ‡jt ‡Rbv‡ij Avgxi evwNbx, cjK cj‡K gQyqv N‡l|Õ ‡nBw`b hviv ebvbx‡Z XvKv Gqvi‡cv‡UiÖ K‡›UÖvj UvIqvi ¸ov, ivbI‡q‡Z
Ave`yj¬vn Lvb wbqvRx wK ivM? AvZKv Nvo ‡Zov KBiv cÖv³b MebiÖ ‡gv‡bg Lvu‡i gvW©vi KBiv ‡ni jvm Mv‡qe A‡bK¸jv cyKyi, KswKª‡Ui evsKv‡i k‡q k‡q cvwK¯—vbx
`¨v‡L wK, wm‡jU ‡m±‡ii ‡jt K‡Y©j Rvb ‡gvnv¤§`, KBiv dvjvB‡jv- ‡n‡Mv we”Py Kq| G‡Mv ‡Kv‡bv ‡W‡ik bvB| ‡mvjRvi‡Mv jvk| AvRivBj ‡d‡ikZv IfviUvBg KBivI
‡g‡nicy‡ii ‡gRi ewmi Lvb, iscy‡ii K‡Y©j A¤^i Lvb Avi n-A-A-A| ‡nB w`°vi Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? ‡jsov, Kvbv wnmve wgjvB‡Z cviZv‡Q bv| Lvwj ‡bvU KiZv‡Q, ‡ki
gv`vwicyi-ewikv‡ji ‡gRi gvneye ‡gvnv¤§` gv_v wbPy KBiv ‡Lvov, ‡evPv ‡hBme eyoveywo cvÄvwe gQyqv Avwg© _‡b ‡gvnv¤§` Lvb, jv‡nvi Ges Mqin| GB Mqi‡ni g‡a¨ wKš‘
LvovBqv iB‡Q| nM&Mj RvqMvi wi‡cvU© Lye LZibvK| wcc- PvKwi‡Z wiUvqvi Ki‡bi ci ¯§vMwjs Avi we‡jK gv‡K©‡Ui k wZ‡bK gQyqv ‡mvjRv‡ii bvg iB‡Q|
wcc| wcc-wcc| ‡Rbv‡ij wcuqvRx mvÕ‡e ‡iwWIMÖv‡g gQyqv wewR‡bm Ki‡ZwQj, Rw½ ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb nM&M‡j‡iB GBw`‡K GK`j gyw³evwnbx Avevi ‡g‡nicy‡i nvwRi nBqv
mgÖvU ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi Kv‡Q wi‡cvU© cvVvB‡jv| jovB Ki‡bi jvBM¨v Kj Ki‡Q| wi‡cvU© bv Ki‡j 7 eQ‡ii Av‡i avIqvbx ‡i avIqvbx| GKB m‡½ gU©vi Avi
ÔAvg‡Mv Anb Kydv UvBg ïi“ nB‡Q| Av‡iv ‡mvjRvi cvVvb mkÖg Kviv`Û| GB¸jv‡iB Kq Kvgv‡bi ‡LvivK| GB Lei ‡gwkbMv‡bi ¸wj|
e½vj gyj¬y‡K|Õ ïBb¨v we”Py‡Mv gyL w`qv A°‡i jvjv co‡Z ïi“ Ki‡Q| KBwQjvg bv, Avgv‡Mv UvBg AvBe? GK gv‡N kxZ hvBe bv|
e¨vm| Lybx Bqvwnqv Lvb ûBw¯‹i M¬vm nv‡Z wkqvj‡KvU gQyqv ‡Kvev‡q wK Avivg fvB, gQyqv ‡Kvev‡q wK Avivg! ‡fvgv ‡fvgv mvB‡Ri cvwK¯—vbx ‡mvjRviiv GKw`‡bi hy‡×
_vBK¨v Rjw` Bmjvgvev‡` Iqvcm AvB‡jv| GWfvBRvi‡Mv ‡hB iKg Lei cvBZvwQ, Zv‡Z g‡b nq ‡ivRvi C‡`i ci ‡MvUv K‡qK U¨vsK dvjvBqv ‡Pvu ‡`Šo| LvwbK `~i hvB‡ZB
j‡M ¸dZv¸ Kivi Ki‡bi ci, ‡cÖwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv bqv _vBK¨vB evOvwj ‡Mwijviv cvMjv n‡q DV‡Q| nv‡Zi Kv‡Q ‡`‡n wK? Av‡iK`j we”Py Lvwj WvKZv‡Q, Av wU wU wU|
wKwQ‡gi wUÖKm Kivi jvBM¨v ‡`v¯—‡Mv Kv‡Q Lei cvVvB‡jv| `vjvj, ivRvKvi Avi gQyqv ‡mvjRvi cvB‡jB evwo, Av‡i ‡Miv‡gi M…n‡¯—i eDiv ‡hgb KBiv gyiwM‡i Avavi LvI‡bi
d‡ib ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡mvjZvBb¨v wbDBqK©-c¨vwim-eb _vBK¨v evwo ‡i evwo! cvwK¯—vb evwnbxi Ae¯’v A°‡i ‡Qiv‡eiv| jvBM¨v WvK ‡`q| wVK ‡ng‡Z KBiv evOvjx ‡M›`v ‡cvjv¸jv
avIqv LvBqv ‡diZ AvB‡jv Avi eOvj gyj¬y‡Ki MeYiÖ V¨vUv GBw`‡K RvwZms‡Ni ‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij D _v›U ‡cÖwm‡W›U Kx ‡mv›`i WvK w`Zv‡Q Av wU wU wU|
gv‡jBK¨v XvKvi _‡b wcwÛ hvBqv nvwRi nB‡jv| eyÇv wej¬x Bqvwnqv‡i mv‡cvU© ‡`I‡bi jvBM¨v ‡h wUÖKm KiwQj, ‡nBUv ‡nici eyS‡ZB cvi‡Z‡Qb| N¨vUvN¨vU, N¨vUvN¨vU, N¨vUvN¨vU,
byi“j Avgxb Av‡Mi _‡bB cvwK¯—v‡b iB‡Q| Bmjv‡gi hg, wf Miei nBqv ‡Mj| D_v›U mv‡e XvKvq RvwZms‡Ni 35 Rb N¨vUvN¨vU| K‡qK k gQyqv nvjvK nBj| GB Lei bv cvBqv,
‡Mvjvg Avhg Avi Lyjbvi Le‡ii KvM‡Ri nKvi G‡R›U-gš¿x mv`v Pvgovi Awdmvi ‡cvw÷s‡qi ci ‡n‡Mv nvZ w`qv w`weŸ cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U ‡mbvcwZ Bqvwnqv Lvb A°‡i Ns Ns
gIjvbv BDmyBc¨v Bmjvgvev‡` hvBqv ÔB‡qP Q¨viÕ KB‡jv| cvwK¯—vb Avwg©‡i gvjcvwb Avi im` ‡RvMvB‡ZwQj| ‡nivB KBi¨v KvB›`v fivB‡Q| nvjvKy Lvb, ‰Zgyi js, bvw`i kvn,
Avi jviKvbvi ‡cvsUv ‡cvjv RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv g‡`i Anb gyw³evwnbxi gvB‡ii ‡Pv‡U SvBov e¨vsKv‡i wnUjvi, gy‡mvwjwb ‡Zv‡Rv Avi AveŸvRvb AvBqye Lv‡bi bv‡g
wMjvm nv‡Z Zy ‡gwi gvbwK ‡gvwZ n¨vq Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z ‡`ŠovBZv‡Q| e¨vsKv‡i eBm¨v we‡`kx mvsevw`K‡Mv KB‡Q ‡h Kmg LvBqv Lvwj mgv‡b we‡`wk ivóÖ¸jv‡i ‡UwjMÖvg
PvKjvjv wegvbe›`‡i Dcw¯’Z nB‡jv| ‡UwjMÖvg cvBqv bZyb XvKvi Ae¯’v Lye Lvivc| mg¯— d‡ibviiv fvM‡bi jvBM¨v KiZv‡Q| ‡ní, ‡ní|
gvgy, cyivbv PvPv, civ‡bi ‡`v¯—- nM&M‡j AvBm¨v nvwRi myU‡Km ¸QvBZv‡Q| ‡h ‡Kv‡bv UvBg Avmj Kvievi n‡q wKš‘K gDjywe mv‡e eûZ ‡jU KBiv ‡djvB‡Qb| ALb
nB‡jv| ‡h‡Z cv‡i| Avm‡jB evOvwj ‡Mwijviv ‡WBÄvivm! evsjv‡`‡ki jovB‡qi gq`v‡b Lyb Kv e`jv Ly‡bi Kvievi
Gw`‡K XvKvi Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? ‡nB w`b AvZKv KB _‡b G¨vt G¨vt| PvB‡iv gyov cvwb cvBqv gywÝM‡Äi we”Pyiv GKUv PjZv‡Q| gyw³evwnbxi we”Pyiv nBZv‡Q, w`bKv ‡gvwnbx,
Avgv‡Mv Kvj¬y wgqv, hv‡i gnj¬vi gvBb‡l Av`i KBiv Kvj¬y ReŸi Kvg KBiv eB‡Q| Zv‡Mv Kv_vevZ©vi aibUvB Avjv`v| ivZKv evwNbx, cjK cj‡K gQyqv N‡l|
KBqv Wv‡K- ‡nB Kvj¬y AvBm¨v nvwRi| ‡eWvq wPZKvi KB bv ‡Zv! Avgv‡Mv gywÝM‡Ä ‡Kv‡bv UvB‡gB gQyqv AvwQ‡jv
KiZvwQj| fvBmveiv Kvievi ûb‡Qbwb? wcAvBG ‡c¬b bv ‡Zv! Avgiv ‡Kv‡bvw`bB cvwK¯—vbx ‡Kv‡bv ‡mvjRvi ‡`wL ‡nBi jvBM¨v ïi“‡Z KBwQjvg, `g gvIjv, Kv‡`i gvIjv|
mvwf©m bvBK¨v| `yB PvBi Lvb ‡h ‡U‡ib PjZvwQj, ‡nB¸jvi bvBK¨v!
Pv°v e‡›`v| evm mvwf©m ‡Zv Av‡MB B¯—dv| XvKv _vBK¨v Kq wK! nvwÇi wnmve ch©š— bvB, me jvk Mv‡qe| AvRivBj cv`wUKv : Pigc‡Îi hy×Kvjxb Kw_Kv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Dc‡iiwU
evBivB‡bi nM&Mj iv¯—v e›`&| ‡d‡ikZv ch©š— gv_v LyRZv‡Q| ‡KBmUv wK! Rvb KeR K¬vwmK ch©v‡q c‡o| G‡¶‡Î mgq I GKUv eo f~wgKv ‡i‡L‡Q|
wPj¬vbx _vgvBqv Kvj¬y Avgv‡Mv Kv‡Q AvM¸Bqv AvB‡jv| Av‡¯— Kijvg wVKB| wKš‘ jvm bvBK¨v! A°‡i fvbygwZi ‡LBj! gyw³ evwnbx evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK AÂjB gy³ K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q|
KBiv wRMvB‡jv, Av”Qv fvBmve, we”Py Kv‡i Kq? ‡niv GBw`‡K wm‡jU UvDb Av›`vi, iscy‡i ‡Kv`vwjqv gvBi, fviZ‡K AvKªgY K‡i‡Q cvwK¯—vb Av‡Mi w`b 3 wW‡m¤^i| IB
‡`L‡Z K¨vgb? ‡n‡Mv ‡W‡ik wK iK‡gi? ‡g‡nicy‡i ‡NivI, Ck¦iw` Gqvi‡cvU© Wvwek, Kywóqvq gQyqviv wegvb nvgjv Avi e¬¨vK AvD‡Ui g‡a¨B GgAvi AvLZvi gyKyj
AvZKv Avgv‡Mv eKwkevRv‡ii Q°y wgqv GKUv evBk nvRvi gDZ Kv mvgvb ‡j P‡j; wK‡kviM‡Ä mvB‡j›U evq‡¯‹vc, GwU iPbv K‡ib hv AmvaviY ej‡j Kg ejv nq|
134
m~wPcÎ |
Kíbvi ‡Pv‡L fveyb `…k¨Uv! meyR Rwg‡b jvj m~‡h©i gvSLvbUvq njy` gvbwPÎ- 24 RyjvB G‡jv ‡mB HwZnvwmK w`b| RvKvwiqv wc›Uyi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cwðg e‡Oi
cZcwZ‡q Do‡Q ZL‡bv bv Rb¥v‡bv GKwU ‡`‡ki KvíwbK GK cZvKv| Avi Zv b`xqv ‡Rjvq K…òbMi ‡÷wWqv‡g K…òbMi GKv`‡ki wec‡¶ cÖ_g ‡Lj‡Z bv‡g|
m`‡c© DwP‡q gvV `vcv‡”Qb GK`j Zi“Y| GivI gyw³‡hv×v| wKš‘ nv‡Z e›`yK jvj-meyRiv ‡LjvwU WÖ nq 2-2 ‡Mv‡j| Z‡e G wb‡q nB nƇMvj Kg nqwb| wek¦
‡bB| Rvwm© Avi kU©m cv‡q eyU c‡i cZvKvi gvb ivL‡Z mviv fviZ Ry‡o ‡L‡j wgwWqv mgv‡jvPbv K‡i Ggb g¨v‡Pi| djkÖywZ‡Z b`xqvi ‡Rjv cÖkvmK mvm‡cÛ
‡eov‡”Q Zviv| Avwg ¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `‡ji K_v ejwQ| nb Awdwmqvj GKwU `j bvgv‡bvq, Avi fviZxq dyUej G‡mvwm‡qkb
(AvBGdG) eva¨ nq b`xqv dyUej A¨v‡mvwm‡qk‡bi mn‡hvMx c` evwZj Ki‡Z|
mv‡eK wewmwe g¨v‡bRvi Zvbwfi gvRnvi Bmjvg Zvbœv wQ‡jb `jwUi g¨v‡bRvi|
Zvi fvlvq, 'fvi‡Zi ‡hLv‡bB wM‡qwQ Avgiv, cÖPÊ mvov ‡c‡qwQ mvaviY
gvby‡li|' AwabvqK wc›Uyi fvlvq, 'GB NUbvi ci cÖwZc¶ Avi Awdwmqvj bvg
e¨envi Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GgbwK ‡gvnbevMvb ‡L‡j‡Q ‡Mvócvj GKv`k bv‡g|
gRv n‡qwQj gy¤^vB‡q- gnvivóÖ GKv`‡ki n‡q ‡L‡jwQ‡jb ¯^qs beve gbmyi Avjx
Lvb c‡ZŠw` (fviZxq Awf‡bZv mvBd Avjx Lv‡bi evev) Ges Avgv‡`i wec‡¶
GKwU ‡MvjI K‡ib| Avgvi GL‡bv ‡Pv‡L fv‡m ¯^qs w`jxc Kygvi G‡mwQ‡jb
g¨vPwU ‡`L‡Z Ges GK j¶ i“wc Aby`vbI ‡`b `j‡K|'
‡gvU 6wU g¨vP ‡L‡j‡Q ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k dyUej `j| Gi g‡a¨ wR‡Z‡Q 3wU, WÖ
K‡i‡Q 1wU Avi ‡n‡i‡Q `ywU‡Z| w`j¬x‡Z Avi GKwU g¨vP ‡Lj‡Z hvevi wVK
Av‡M Gj AmvaviY LeiwU- evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡mw`b wQj 16
wW‡m¤^i| ¯^vaxb evsjv `‡ji m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ jyrdi ingvb, bbx emvK, Avjx
Bgvg, gvngy` I jvjy Avi Avgv‡`i gv‡S ‡bB| Gbv‡qZ, mvC`yi ingvb c¨v‡Uj
I kvnRvnvb gvwK©b cÖevmx| ‡Mvwe›` KyÛy I wbnvi fvi‡Z Awfevmb wb‡q‡Qb|
AvBwWqvUv kvgmyj n‡Ki gv_v ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q‡Q| Ry‡bi ‡mB `~iš— w`b¸‡jv‡Z Avi ‡MvjwKcvi Awbiƒ× cvKvcvwKfv‡e _vK‡Qb `yevB‡Z| evwKiv Qwo‡q wQwU‡q
KjKvZvq wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib evsjv‡`k Kªxov mwgwZ Ges wm×vš— ‡bb GKwU Av‡Qb ‡`‡ki Avbv‡PKvbv‡P, wKš‘ Zv‡`i exiZ¡ Mv_v we‡eK _vK‡j fyj‡e bv
dyUej `j MV‡bi hviv mviv fviZRy‡o ‡L‡j mg_©b Av`vq Ki‡e Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxb evOvjx|
evsjvi ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨| Zvi mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q G‡jb mwgwZi cÖ_g ‡m‡KªUvwi jyZdi ¯^vaxb evsjv dyUej `j
ingvb, ‡KvP Avjx Bgvg I B÷ GÛ K¬v‡ei mv‡eK dyUejvi mvC`yi ingvb RvKvwiqv wc›Uy (AwabvqK), cÖZvc ksKi nvRiv (mn-AwabvqK), KvRx
c¨v‡Uj| mvjvnDwÏb, bI‡kiD¾vgvb, ‡jt byi“bœex, Zvmwjg, AvBbyj nK, ‡LvKb
Zv‡`i ZrciZvq fvi‡Zi AvKvkevYx‡Z GKwU wee…wZ cÖPvi n‡jv hv‡Z c~e© (ivRkvnx), jyrdi (h‡kvi), ‡kL Avkivd Avjx, Ag‡jk ‡mb, nvwKg (h‡kvi),
cvwK¯—v‡bi mg¯— dyUejvi‡K ‡hvM w`‡Z ejv n‡jv GKwU we‡kl wVKvbvq| ‡NvlYv Avwgbyj Bmjvg myi“R (ewikvj), wegj (PÆMÖvg), myfvl P›`Ö mvnv (biwmsw`),
w`‡Z evwK, Kw`‡b g‡a¨B ‡KvP bbx emv‡Ki (Pjw”PÎ Awf‡bÎx keb‡gi evev) gywRei ingvb, Kvq‡Kvev`, wQi“, mvËvi, mbwRr, ‡gv‡gb ‡RvqvÏ©vi (PÆMÖvg),
we‡kl 30 R‡bi g‡Zv ‡L‡jvqvo UÖvqv‡j ‡hvM w`‡jb| Zv‡`i ga¨ ‡_‡K 25 mvC`yi ingvb c¨v‡Uj, ‡cqviv (mv‡eK ‡m‡KªUvwi Kywóqv ‡Rjv Kªxov ms¯’v),
Rb‡K evQvB Kiv n‡jv| c‡i Aek¨ fviZ md‡i Av‡iv ‡ek KRb ‡L‡jvqvo Gbv‡qZyi ingvb Lvb, kvnRvnvb, Awbi“×, wbnvi, ‡Mvwe›` KyÛy, cÖqvZ Avjx
`‡j ‡hvM ‡`b| cvK© mvK©vm Gwfby¨i ‡KvKv‡Kvjv wewìs‡qi GKwU i“‡g _vK‡Zb Bgvg, cÖqvZ jvjy, cÖqvZ gvngy`|
dyUejviiv| Avi cª¨vKwUm Ki‡Zb cv‡ki gv‡VB| K…ZÁZv : nvmvb gvmy` (wewewm)
135
m~wPcÎ |
evsjv Abyev‡` †mB
KvjRqx Mvb
KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k cÖMvp ‡e`bv ‡Pv‡L wb‡q
eÜy G‡m e‡j AvR Zvi
mvnvh¨ ‡h K‡Zv `iKvi
GKivgyj nK kvgxg hLb g…Z¨ycyix ZviB ¯^‡`k
1 AvM÷ 1971| wbD BqK© wmwUi ‡gwWmb ¯‹qv‡i nvwRi hw`I ‡e`bvi gg© eywSwb
n‡qwQ‡jb 40 nvRvi gvbyl| c…w_exi AcicÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z Zey cv‡k `vuov‡Z wØav Kwiwb
‡QvÆ GKwU ‡`k evsjv‡`k| ‡mBLv‡b GKB mg‡q gviv ‡Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q GB AvnŸvb
hvw”Qj nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl| PjwQj gyw³hy×| ‡mB mg‡q GwM‡q G‡mv evuPv‡Z wKQy cÖvY
evsjv‡`k‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡qwQj wbwe©‡kl
GKwU Kbmv‡U©i| hvi bvg KbmvU© di evsjv‡`k|
iwek¼i Ges weUjm Gi RR© n¨vwimb KbmvU©wUi evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
Av‡qvRb K‡iwQ‡jb|‡hLv‡b RR© n¨vwimb Zvi evsjv‡`k, ‡hLv‡b `ª“Z K‡Zv gi‡Q Abvnv‡i
evsjv‡`k MvbwUi gva¨‡g wek¦evmx‡K AvnŸvb hLb ‡cŠ‡Q‡Q wbwðZ wek…•Ljvi Øv‡i
Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb evsjv‡`k‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z| KL‡bv ‡`wL wb Avwg Ggb aŸsmhÁ
evov‡e bv nvZ mn‡hvwMZvi
My friend came to me, with sadness in his eyes GKUy cÖqvm Dcjwä Avi
He told me that he wanted help evPvI gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
Before his country dies
evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
Although I couldn’t feel the pain, I knew I had to try Ggb fqvj wech©q
Now I’m asking all of you Avwg eywS bv ‡Kb ‡h nq
To help us save some lives wbwðZ ‡Kej wek…•Lj Ae‡kl
KL‡bv ‡`wLwb Avwg Ggb Ki“b‡ek
Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh GLb m‡i ‡hIbv ‡Zvgiv `y‡i
Where so many people are dying fast Avwg ‡`L‡Z PvB ej‡Qv GKB my‡i
And it sure looks like a mess evPvI gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
I’ve never seen such distress evPvI evsjv‡`k
Now won’t you lend your hand and understand
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh evsjv‡`k, evsjv‡`k
Now it may seem so far from where we all are nq‡Zv g‡b n‡e eû `yi e¨eavb
Bangla Desh, Bangla Desh It’s something we can’t neglect Avgv‡`i ‡hLv‡b AvR Ae¯’vb
Such a great disaster - I don’t understand It’s something I can’t neglect GwU GgbwKQy hv‡K cvwi bv Avgiv Ki‡Z Ae‡njv
But it sure looks like a mess Now won’t you give some bread to get the starving fed GwU GgbwKQy hv‡K cvwi bv Avwg Ki‡Z Ae‡njv
I’ve never known such distress We’ve got to relieve Bangla Desh Zywg wK w`‡e bv wKQy i“wU GLb
Now please don’t turn away, I want to hear you say Relieve the people of Bangla Desh Zv‡`i, Pig ¶yavq KvZi Zviv hLb
Relieve the people of Bangla Desh We’ve got to relieve Bangla Desh Avgv‡`i evPv‡Z n‡e evsjv‡`k
Relieve Bangla Desh Relieve the people of Bangla Desh evPv‡Z n‡e gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k
Avgv‡`i evPv‡Z n‡e evsjv‡`k
evPv‡Z n‡e gvbyl, wbwe©‡kl evsjv‡`k 136
m~wPcÎ |
138
m~wPcÎ |
ivRvKvi evwnbx I ivRvKvi‡`i msMVb K‡iwQj ZrKvjxb Kiv cÖf…wZ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv n‡Zv| evsjv‡`‡ki MÖv‡g M‡Ä Av‡›`vjb ïi“ n‡j ivRvKvi bvgwU Av‡iv cwiwPZ n‡q
cvwK¯—vb miKvi| ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lvb 1971 mv‡ji Ryb GivB Qwo‡q c‡owQj| ‡m Kvi‡Y, evOvjx‡`i Kv‡Q ivRvKvi mvaviY fv‡l¨ P‡j Av‡m| ûgvqyb Avn‡g‡`i GKwU bvU‡Ki
gv‡m ivRvKvi Aa¨v‡`k Rvwi K‡iwQ‡jb| c~e©Zb Avbmvi, kãwU ‡ewk cwiwPZ n‡q I‡V| msjvc wQj 'ZyB ivRvKvi'| Gme Kvi‡Y ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax
gyRvwn`‡`i wb‡q cÖv_wgKfv‡e G `j MwVZ nq| wKš‘ c‡i eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k ‡gvUv `v‡M ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡`iB e¨w³, ‡m Avje`iB ‡nvK ev `vjvjB ‡nvK, cwiwPZ n‡q
wewfbœ ‡kÖYxi cvwK¯—vbcš’xiv GB evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM ‡`q| Giv ivRvKvi bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq| 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k I‡V ivRvKvi wn‡m‡e| RvgvqvZ Bmjvg, evsjv‡`‡ki cÖv³b
wQj mk¯¿| nvbv`vi evwnbxi ‡`vmi wn‡m‡eB Zviv hviv wQ‡jb Zviv ivRKvi I Zv‡`i Kvh©Kjv‡ci m‡½ mevB Avgxi ‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡j‡Qb, Zviv 'ivRvKvi' wQ‡jb bv,
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wei“‡× j‡o‡Q| ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvRx GK cwiwPZ| Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 'NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j' wQ‡jb '‡iRvKvi'| n‡Z cv‡i ‡iRvKvi ï×, wKš‘ gvby‡li
mv¶vrKv‡i Avgv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb ‡h, ivRvKvi evwnbxi wZwbB Kv‡Q Aï× ivRvKviB cwiwPZ|
mÖóv| Zviv h‡_ó ‡L`gZ K‡i‡Q cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx‡K, ‡h m~Î : Wt gybZvmxi gvgyb (gyw³hy× ‡Kvl PZy_© LÊ)
Kvi‡Y Zvi eBwU wZwb Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨B DrmM© K‡i‡Qb|
ivRvKv‡ii ï× D”PviY '‡iRvKvi'- dviwm kã| '‡iRv' nj G.Gm.Gg mvgQyj Av‡iwdb m¤úvw`Z Ôgyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U
‡¯^”Qv‡mex, 'Kvi' A_© Kg©x| GK K_vq ‡¯^”Qv‡mex| 1947
ivRvKv‡ii cwiPqcÎ e¨w³i Ae¯’vbÕ eB ‡_‡K ‡hvM KiwQ :
mv‡j fviZ wefv‡Mi mgq nvq`ivev‡`i wbRvg Awb”QyK 1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m gIjvbv G‡KGg BDmy‡di ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 96
this is to certify that Mr. Haroon-ur-Rashid
wQ‡jb fvi‡Zi m‡½ wgj‡b| AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨ wZwb MVb Rb RvgvZ Kg©x wb‡q Lyjbvq Avbmvi K¨v‡¤ú cÖ_g GB evwn-
Khan, S/o Abdul Azim Khan, 36 Purana
K‡iwQ‡jb GKwU ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbx hvi bvg ‡`Iqv n‡qwQj bx MwVZ nq| gIjvbv G‡KGg BDmyd GB evwnbxi bvgKiY
Paltan Lane, Dacca-2 is our active worker.
‡iRvKvi evwnbx| K‡ib ivRvKvi| Ryb gv‡mi miKvix Aa¨v‡`‡k GB bvg
He is true pakistani and dependable. He is
gyw³hy‡×i mgq RvgvqvZ ‡bZv G.‡K.Gg BDmyd kãwU avi ivóÖxqfv‡e MÖnY Kiv nq| Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni cÖavb ‡gvt
trained Razaker. He has been issued a Rifle
K‡ib Ges Lyjbvq ‡iRvKvi evwnbxi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| BDmyd‡K ivRvKvi evwnbxi me©vwabvqK Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK
No-776... with ten round ammunition for
'GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq' MÖ‡š’i Z_¨vbyhvqx, Ae¯’vq 10wU ‡Rjvq Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZv‡`i ivRvKvi
self-protection.
96 Rb RvgvqvZ Kg©x wb‡q GB evwnbxi m~ÎcvZ hv c‡i evwnbxi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ ‡`Iqv nq| A¨vWRy‡U›U ev ‡Kv¤úvwb
cy‡iv evsjv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o| cy‡e©v³ MÖš’ Abyhvqx- KgvÛvi ‡_‡K wb‡Pi ¯—‡ii mK‡jB ivRvKvi KgvÛvi‡`i
Sd/-illegible
'cÖkvmwbKfv‡e GB evwnbx‡Z mgv‡Ri wewfbœ ‡kÖYxi ‡jvK ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ nZ| wKš‘ Ic‡ii ¯—‡ii mK‡jB wQj
IN CHARGE
Aš—f©y³ n‡jI Zv‡`i‡K wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni m`m¨| kvwš— KwgwUi gva¨‡g
RAZAKAR AND MUZAHID
cÖ_gZ, hviv 'cvwK¯—vb' I Bmjvg‡K i¶vi Rb¨ evOvjxi ivRvKvi‡`i wiKªyU Kiv nZ| GB evwnbxi ‡ewkifvM m`m¨B
JAMAT-E-ISLAM
nZ¨v I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mv‡_ hy× Kiv‡K KZ©e¨ g‡b K‡iwQj; wQj gv`Övmvi ‡gvnv‡Ïm I ‡gv`v‡”Qi| `w¶Ycš’x ivR‰bwZK
91/92 Siddique Bazar, Dacca
wØZxqZ, hviv jyUcvU, cÖwZ‡kva MÖnY, bvix wbh©vZb Kivi `‡ji m`m¨ QvovI MÖv‡gi eû hyeK‡KI GB evwnbx‡Z fwZ©
GKwU my‡hvM MÖnY Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQj Ges Z…ZxqZ, MÖv‡gi Kiv nq| cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi cÖZ¨¶ ZË¡veav‡b ivRvKvi
`wi`Ö Awkw¶Z RbMY hviv mxgv‡š—i Icv‡i P‡j ‡h‡Z e¨_© evwnbxi cÖwk¶Y cwiPvwjZ nZ| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
Avey mvBwq` Zvi 'mvaviY ‡NvlYvi ‡cÖw¶Z I ‡Mvjvg
nq- G ai‡bi ‡jvK‡K cÖjyäKiY, ej cÖ‡qvM ev fxwZ Kjvfe‡bi gvV I wdwRK¨vj K‡j‡Ri gv‡V g~jZ
AvRg' MÖ‡š’ R‰bK ivRvKv‡ii G cwiPqcÎ Zy‡j
cÖ`k©‡bi gva¨‡g ivRvKvi evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©y³ Kiv nq|' ivRvKvi‡`i cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nZ| GB evwnbxi cÖwk¶‡Yi
w`‡q‡Qb|
ivRvKvi evwnbx hv‡`i wb‡qB MwVZ Kiv ‡nvK bv ‡Kb, GB ‡gqv` wQj ‡`o mßvn ‡_‡K `yB mßvn| cÖwk¶Y ‡k‡l
evwnbx‡K wbqš¿Y KiZ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx| ivRvKvi‡`i nv‡Z 303 ivB‡dj Zy‡j ‡`Iqv nZ| ïay D”P
ivRvKvi‡`i wewfbœ ¯’vcbv cvnviv ‡`Iqv, gyw³evwnbxi ‡LvuR ¯—‡ii KgvÛvi‡`i Rb¨ eivÏ wQj ‡÷bMvb|
139
m~wPcÎ |
[Ô... Avgv‡`i cig ‡mŠfvM¨B ej‡Z n‡e| cvK‡mbvi mn‡hvwMZvq my‡hvM eZ©gvb| 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ ‡_‡KB mviv‡`‡k `vjvj bvbv QyZvbvZvq gymjgvb‡`i e…nËg Avevmf~wg cvwK¯—vb‡K
G G ‡`‡ki BmjvgwcÖq Zi“Y QvÎ mgvR e`i hy‡×i ¯§…wZ‡K Bmjvgx QvÎmsN‡K Avj-e`‡i iƒcvš—wiZ Kiv nq Ges aŸsm Kivi e¨_© ‡Póv Ki‡Q Zywg Zv‡`i Ab¨Zg| ‡Zvgvi g‡bvfve,
mvg‡b ‡i‡L Avje`i evwnbx MVb K‡i‡Q| e`i hy‡× gymjgvb‡`i b‡f¤^‡i ‡kl mßvn ‡_‡KB eyw×Rxwe‡`i ZvwjKv awi‡q ‡`qv PvjPjb I KvRKg© ‡Kv‡bvUvB Avgv‡`i ARvbv ‡bB| Awej‡¤^
msL¨v wQj wZbkZ ‡Zi| GB ¯§…wZ‡K Aej¤^b K‡i 313 Rb nq Zv‡`i AcniY, wbh©vZb I nZ¨vi Rb¨| ag©xq Db¥v`bvq ûwkqvi nI Ges fvi‡Zi c`‡jnb ‡_‡K weiZ nI, bv nq ‡Zvgvi
hye‡Ki mgš^‡q GK GKwU BDwbU MV‡bi wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| e`i eyu` K‡i Zv‡`i GB nZ¨vKv‡Û DØy× Kiv n‡qwQj| wb¯—vi ‡bB| GB wPwV cvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wbg©~j nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ
‡hv×v‡`i ‡mBme ¸Yvejxi K_v Avgiv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ, Avje`i nI|
25 b‡f¤^i XvKv kn‡i Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kvh©Kix cwil`
Zi“Y gyRvwn`‡`i g‡a¨ Bbkvj¬vn ‡mB me©¸Yvejx Avgiv ‡`L‡Z kwb
cve| cybM©wVZ nq| GB cwil‡` eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vKv‡Ûi wPd
GKwRwKDUi (cÖavb Rj¬v`) Avkivdy¾vgvbmn eyw×Rxwe
mycwiKwíZfv‡e weK…Z a‡g©vb¥v`bv m…wó K‡i Avj-e`‡i ‡hvM
cvwK¯—v‡bi Av`k© I Aw¯—Z¡ i¶vi `…p msKí wb‡q MwVZ nZ¨vKvix Lybx Avje`i KgvÛviiv Aš—f©y³ nq| eZ©gv‡b
w`‡Z Zv‡`i Kg©x‡`i DØy× KiZ Bmjvgx QvÎ msN| G
Avje`‡ii hye‡Kiv Gev‡i e`i w`e‡m bZyb K‡i kc_ wb‡q‡Q, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡K›`Öxq gRwj‡k ïivi m`m¨ kvgmyj
e¨vcv‡i GKwU cÖgvY n‡Z cv‡i 1971 mv‡ji 7 b‡f¤^i Avj-
Zv‡`i ‡Z‡RvÏxß Kg©x‡`i ZrciZvi d‡jB e`i w`e‡mi Kg©m~Px n‡Ki mfvcwZ‡Z¡ MwVZ GB KwgwUi m`m¨iv wQj- 1. ‡gv¯—dv
e`i w`em Dcj‡¶ ‰`wbK msMÖvg cwÎKvq Qvcv GKwU
‡`kevmx Z_v `ywbqvi gymjgvb‡`i mvg‡b Zy‡j ai‡Z mg_© kIKZ Bgivb, 2. byi ‡gvnv¤§` gwj¬K, 3. G‡KGg ‡gvnv¤§`
bvwUKv| gvndyRyj nK bv‡g GK Avj e`i KgvÛv‡ii ‡jLv
n‡q‡Q| Bbkvj¬vn, e`i hy‡×i ev¯—e ¯§…wZI Zviv Zy‡j ai‡Z Avjx, 4. Avey ‡gvt Rvnv½xi, 5. Avkivdy¾vgvb, 6. Avkg
m¶g| Zi“Y hyeKiv Avgv‡`i mk¯¿ evwnbxi cvkvcvwk `vuwo‡q ÔAvje`i, Avje`i, Avje`i-w_Ö Iqvb w_Ö, w_Ö Iqvb w_Ö, w_Ö
i“ûj KyÏym, 7. m`©vi Ave`ym mvjvg|
wn›`y evwnbx‡K ch©y`¯— K‡i wn›`y¯—vb‡K LZg K‡i mviv we‡k¦ Iqvb w_ÖÕ bv‡gi GKvw¼KvwU Zy‡j ‡`Iqv n‡jv-
Bmjv‡gi weRq cZvKv DÇxb Ki‡e|Õ ivRvKvi‡`i m‡½ Avje`i‡`i LvwbKUv ZdvZ wQj|
ivRvKviiv mvgwMÖKfv‡e gyw³‡hv×v‡`i we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q, cÖ¯—vebv
gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, 14 b‡f¤^i 1971, ‰`wbK msMÖvg ] msNl© n‡j Lyb K‡i‡Q, jyUcvU I al©Y K‡i‡Q| A‡b‡K dvivex, AvRv`v, dvi“K, AvkdvK, e`i“j| Giv KÕRb Zi“Y
hy×Kvjxb `~ive¯’vi Kvi‡Y eva¨ n‡qI ivRvKvi n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ m½x‡`i mv‡_ K‡i‡Q A½xKvi| Giv e‡j m½xb Avgvi eÜy| cÖkœ
Avj-e`i wQj 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡× cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi Ki‡j Giv nv‡Zi `y AvOy‡j Zy‡j ‡`Lvq ÔwfÕ A_©vr wf±wi| wbwðZ
Avje`i‡`i j¶¨ wQj w¯’i| cÖK…wZ‡Z Zviv wQj wnsmÖ I
mn‡hvMx evwnbx| ivRvKvi evwnbx MV‡bi ci Rvgv‡Z weRq| wZbk ‡Zi G‡`i D¾¡jZg `…óvš—| ZvB cÖZ¨q`…ß kc‡_
wbôyi| Zviv evOvjx eyw×Rxwe‡`i m¤ú~Y© wbt‡kl K‡i w`‡Z
Bmjvgxi QvÎ msMVb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡bZv Kg©x‡`i w`‡q Giv nvwZqvi Zy‡j ‡bq| ivB‡dj, ‡÷bMvb, Gj.Gg.wRi gv‡S
‡P‡q‡Q| KviY Zviv eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQj, ‡h ai‡Yi kvmbe¨e¯’v Lyu‡R ‡bq wR‡›`wMi ¯^wcœj dyjSywi|
Mov GB ‡¯úkvj wKwjs ‡¯‹vqvW| Z‡e ivRvKvi Aa¨v‡`‡ki
Zviv Pvq, eyw×Rxweiv n‡q DV‡e Zvi cÖavb cÖwZeÜK|
g‡Zv ‡Kv‡bv AvBbMZ weav‡b Zv MwVZ nqwb| cvwK¯—vb
gyw³hyׇZv GKwU Av`k©MZ jovBI| GK
‡mbvevwnbxi A¯¿k‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q GB evwnbx ‡`kRy‡o
Avje`i‡`i wbôyiZv ‡¶Î we‡k‡l cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx‡KI ( ‡gvnwmb n‡j dvivexi K¶| ‡Uwej, ‡Pqvi, Avjbv, GK Mv`v
eyw×Rxwe wba‡b ‡b‡gwQj| ivI digvb Avjxi ‡bvU eB‡q G
nvi gvwb‡q‡Q| GZ wbg©gfv‡e ‡KD ¯^RvwZ‡K n&Z¨v Ki‡Z eB‡Z mvRv‡bv K¶| dvivex Ava‡kvqv Ae¯’vq eB co‡Q| AvRv`
e¨vcv‡i we‡kl D‡j¬L cvIqv ‡M‡Q|
cv‡i! ea¨f~wgi Qwe ‡`L‡j Ges eY©bv co‡j g‡b nq Giv I dvi“‡Ki cÖ‡ek|)
Avj-e`i cÖ_g MwVZ nq Rvgvjcyi kn‡i| cvwK¯—vb evwnbx
gvbwmKfv‡e my¯’ wQj bv, Db¥v` n‡q wM‡qwQj| Zv‡`i
22 GwcÖj Rvgvjcyi `Lj Kivi ci, ‡mLvbKvi Bmjvgx QvÎ AvRv`- wK‡i GZ gb‡hvM w`‡q wK cowQm?
ZvwjKvfy³‡`i Zviv GKwU wPwV cvVvZ| ‡mUv wQj GiKg :
ms‡Ni mfvcwZ gynv¤§` Avkivd ‡nv‡m‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avje`i dvivex- Av‡i ‡Zviv- Avq Avq ‡evm|
evwnbx MwVZ nq| Rvgvjcyi gnKygvq Avje`i evwnbxi nv‡Z kqZvb wbg©~j Awfhvb dvi“K- wK cowQwj?
6 Rb gyw³‡hv×v nZ¨vi K…wZZ¡ RvbvRvwbi ci Rvgvqv‡Z dvivex- GB mvB‡q` KyZy‡ei eBUv
Bmjvgx ‡bZ…Z¡ Abyaveb Ki‡Z m¶g nq ‡h ivRvKvi‡`i ‡P‡q kqZvb, AvRv`- Zvici K‡e hvw”Qm?
DbœZZi ‡gavm¤úbœ ivR‰bwZK mk¯¿ K¨vWvi M‡o ‡Zvjvi eÖv¶Y¨ev`x wn›`y‡`i ‡hme cv PvUv KyKyi Avi fviZxq Bw›`ivev‡`i dvivex- ‡Kv_vq?
140
m~wPcÎ |
AvRv`- ‡Kb AvkdvK ‡Zv‡K wKQy e‡jwb? n‡q hy‡×i gq`v‡b bvg‡Z cvwi bv ‡Kb? ‡Kb AvgivI Avj¬vni kn‡i `y®‹…wZKvix‡`i wbwðý K‡i ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q|
dvivex- In, Avje`i ‡UÖwbs‡qi K_v? c‡_ knx` nIqvi my‡hvM cvB bv? (GKUy ‡_‡g) mwZ¨ AvR ‡mB Rvgvjcy‡ii wewfbœ RvqMvq mxgvš—eZ©x GjvKvq
AvRv`- n¨vu, Avgiv ‡Zv mevB AvMvgx `k Zvwi‡L hvw”Q K¨v‡¤ú| ‡mvbvjx my‡hvM G‡m‡Q, mwZ¨ AvR wK Avb›` jvM‡Q- wK Avb›`| Avje`i evwnbx mvnwmKZv I mvd‡j¨i m‡½ fviZxq
ZyBI hvw”Qm ‡Zv? dvi“K- Avje`i Avje`i AbycÖ‡ekKvix‡`i ‡gvKv‡ejv K‡i‡Q| Avje`i evwnbxi ZrciZv
dvivex- wbðqB wbðqB| hve bv wK ejwQm (GKUy ‡_‡g) mwZ¨ mg¯^‡i- wR›`vev`, wR›`vev` ‡`‡L fviZxq AbyPi bvcvK evwnbxi ‡jv‡Kiv Rvgvjcyi ‡Q‡o
GUv fve‡Z Avðh© jv‡M, AvR GB ‡`‡ki ey‡K `vuwo‡q Ggb (mevB K¶ ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q hv‡e) Ab¨Î P‡j hv‡”Q e‡j KªgvMZ msev` cvIqv hv‡”Q| Avje`i
cÖKv‡k¨ mk¯¿ ‡UÖwbs jv‡fi my‡hvM cvw”Q ‡`‡L| GZw`b hv wQj evwnbxi ‰ewkó¨ n‡jv Gi cÖwZwU ‡Q‡jB wkw¶Z Ges bvgvR c‡o|
Kíbv AvR Zv ev¯—‡e cwiYZ n‡Z hv‡”Q- (‡_‡g) mwZ¨ ‡Zv‡`i ‡m‡Þ¤^‡i eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi cwiKíbv ‡c‡ki ciciB mivmwi abm¤ú` I bvixi cÖwZ ‡Kv‡bv ‡jvf ‡bB| e`i evwnbxi MZ
Avb›` jvM‡Q bv? cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK KZ©…c¶ G D‡Ï‡k¨ Avje`i‡`i mymsMwVZ wZbgv‡mi Kv‡R ‡Kv‡bv PvwiwÎK `~e©jZv ‡`Lv hvqwb| GRb¨B
AvRv`- wKš‘ GB Avb‡›`i mv‡_ wg‡k Av‡Q A‡bK ‡e`bv, A‡bK K‡i Zyj‡Z _v‡K| G m¤ú‡K© wbD GBR cwÎKvi cÖwZ‡e`‡b RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q Avkvi Av‡jvKewZ©Kv nv‡Z wb‡q `vuwo‡q Av‡Q
Kvbœvi BwZnvm| AvR mviv ‡`‡k KZ kZ kZ gvbyl‡K ïaygvÎ ejv nq, Avje`i msMVbwU m¤ú‡K© AwZ m¤cÖwZ wKQy Rvbv Zv‡`i wcÖq bvg Avje`i| Rvgvjcy‡i ‡iRvKvi, cywjk, gyRvwn` I
Bmjvg Abymvix nevi Aciv‡a wbôyifv‡e nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q| Rxeš— ‡iÄviiv cyj I wewfbœ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© RvqMv cvnviv w`‡”Q Avi cvK
‡M‡Q| ivR‰bwZK w`K ‡_‡K GB mk¯¿ `jwU cÖwZwKªqvkxj
‡LRy‡ii KvuUv weQv‡bv M‡Z© Kei ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| Mv‡Qi mv‡_ ‡e‡a ‡dŠR I Avje`i evwnbx Acv‡ikb Ki‡Q|
‰ckvwPKfv‡e ‡Pv‡L, gy‡L, ey‡K MRvj Vy‡K Vy‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡”Q| ag©xq mv¤cÖ`vwqK `j Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡`vmi| Avje`i Avwg c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡`k‡cÖwgK Bmjvgcš’x QvÎRbZvi Kv‡Q
Mig ‡jvnvi kjvKv w`‡q ‡PvL Dc‡o w`‡q ej‡Q, ej AviI evwnbxi m`m¨‡`i (cÖavbZ 18 ‡_‡K 20 eQi eqmx Zi“YivB Avnevb Rvbvw”Q mvgwiK KZ©…c‡¶i mn‡hvwMZv I mvnvh¨ wb‡q
Bmjvg Bmjvg ejwe bvwK? ïay ZvB bq, G‡`i ‡K‡U UyK‡iv Gi Aš—f©y³) gv_vq G K_vUvB XywK‡q ‡`Iqv n‡q‡Q ‡h RvZxq `ª“Z cÖ‡`‡ki me©Î Avje`i evwnbx MVb Ki‡Z| e`i evwnbx Qvov
UyK‡iv K‡i Qvjvq f‡i b`x‡Z ‡d‡j ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| G‡`i i‡³ gyw³ msMÖvgx I fviZxq Pi‡`i Øviv Bmjvg wecbœ n‡q ïay ‡iRvKvi I cywjk w`‡q m¤ú~Y© cwiw¯’wZ Avq‡Z¡ Avbv m¤¢e
cÙv-hgybvi i³ jv‡j jvj n‡q hv‡”Q- c‡o‡Q| weMZ MÖx®§ I ki‡Z `Lj`vi evwnbxi wei“‡× bq| Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q ‡iRvKvi, e`i evwnbx I gyRvwn‡`i g‡a¨
dvi“K-_vg, _vg AvRv`- _vg| cwiPvwjZ RbwcÖq ‡Mwijv ZrciZv hLb Pi‡g ‡cŠu‡Q, ZLb ‡Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ ‡bB| Avgiv mevB‡K g‡b Kwi mgvb| fviZxq
AvRv`- G‡`i ‡`vl, G‡`i ‡`vl Giv ‡P‡qwQj cvwK¯—vb‡K GKUv cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ijiv ¯’vbxq cywj‡ki Ici Av¯’v nvwi‡q AbycÖ‡ekKvix I Zvi `vjvj‡`i kv‡q¯—v Ki‡Z AvR ZvB cÖ‡`‡ki
my›`i ‡`kiƒ‡c M‡o Zyj‡e| Giv ‡P‡qwQj GLv‡b Avj¬vni k¦vkZ ‡d‡jb Ges GB ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbxi kw³ evov‡bvi e¨e¯’v me©Î Avje`i evwnbx MVb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|
Rxeb weavb Bmjvg‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z| hv‡Z cvwK¯—v‡bi gvbyl ‡bb| ivI digvb Avjxi Wv‡qwi‡Z ‡jLv wQj- cywjk evwn- ‡`‡ki eZ©gvb bvRyK I msKUc~Y© cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hZ ZvovZvwo
`y‡ejv `ygy‡Vv fvZ, ‡gvUv Kvco, GKUv AvkÖq, GKUy my‡Li gyL bx‡K DwV‡q wb‡Z n‡e| Avje`i‡`i e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| Avje`i evwnbx cÖ‡`‡ki me©Î MwVZ nq ZZB ‡`k I RvwZi
‡`L‡Z cvq| mvivw`b gvwUi Ng©Kvš— cwikÖ‡gi dj¯^iƒc cvq wKQy G‡`i Aek¨B DbœZ A¯¿ w`‡Z n‡e| g½j| Avj¬vn Avgv‡`i Zvi c‡_ KvR Kiv ‡ZŠwdK `vb Ki“b|
my‡Li nvZQvwb- Avwgb|
dvivex- ‡mw`b ïbjvg gIjvbv *gv`vbx mv‡ne knx` n‡q‡Qb (* Avje`i evwnbxi ZrciZv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iKwU `wjj ‡`qv ‡h‡Z
‰mq` gvngy` ‡gv¯—dv Avj gv`vbx cye© cvwK¯—vb ‡bRv‡g Bmjvgx cv‡i| ‰`wbK msMÖvg cwÎKvq 16 ‡m‡Þ¤^i 1971 mv‡j ‡gvnv¤§` Avãyj evix
`‡ji mnmfvcwZ| 10 AvM÷ Õ71 XvKvi A`~‡i wgiKvw`‡g Ôm¤úv`K mgx‡clyÕ Kjv‡g Avãyj evix bv‡g GK Avje`i BbPvR©, Avje`i K¨v¤ú, Bmjvgcyi _vbv, ‡gv‡gbkvnx
e³…Zv ‡`Iqvi mgq GB KyL¨vZ `vjvj‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i KgvÛv‡ii GB wPwVwU Qvcv nq : I cÖPvi m¤úv`K, Rvgvjcyi gnKygv kvwš— KwgwU
gyw³‡hv×viv)
AvRv`- ïay gv`vbx mv‡ne ‡Kb, GiKg cÖwZw`b KZ kZ kZ Rbve, ¯^vaxbZvi ci GB Avãyj evixi e¨w³MZ Wv‡qwiwU D×vi Kiv
gv`vbx AKvZ‡i Rxeb wewj‡q w`‡”Qb Zvi Lei ivwLm! MZKvj ‡¯^”Qv‡mex cÖwZôvb Avje`i evwnbxi bvg AvR cÖ‡`‡ki cÖZ¨š— nq| 1972 mv‡ji 10 gvP© ‰`wbK B‡Ëdv‡K gyw`ÖZ Wv‡qwii
‡bvqvLvjx n‡Z ‡UwjMÖvg Gj, gvÎ 10 w`‡b ‡mLv‡b 50 Rb cÖvš—‡i ‡cŠu‡Q ‡M‡Q| MZ 27 Ryb Rvgvjcyi gnKygvq Avje`i cÖavb weeiY¸wj n‡”Q :
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kg©x knx` n‡q‡Qb (D`MZ Kvbœv ‡iva K‡i)- evwnbx MwVZ nevi ci AvR mgMÖ ‡gv‡gbkvnx ‡Rjv I cÖ‡`‡ki Uv½vB‡j successful operation n‡q‡Q| nvRvi ‡`‡o‡Ki
Gme BwZnvm eo Kvbœvi BwZnvm‡i- eo Ki“Y BwZnvm Av‡iv `y‡qKwU ‡Rjvq Gi KvR ïi“ n‡q‡Q e‡j msev` cvIqv g‡Zv gyw³‡dŠR gviv c‡o‡Q Avje`i I Avwg©i nv‡Z|
... hv‡”Q| Avje`i evwnbx cvwK¯—vbev`x Bmjvgcš’x ‡`k‡cÖwgK
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Qv·`i Øviv MwVZ| G‡Z B¯‹y‡ji 12 eQ‡ii ‡Q‡j ‡_‡K Avi¤¢
dvivex- Av”Qv Avgiv KÕRbv hvw”Q Zvn‡j? K‡i wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eû QvÎ i‡q‡Q|
AvRv`- cÖ_g e¨v‡P cÖvq kÕ`y‡qK, c‡i Av‡iv Avm‡Z cv‡i hZ`~i Rvbv hvq, c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ Rvgvjcyi gnKygv‡ZB c~Y© wZZcj¬vi wkgKyov MÖvg- ReŸv‡ii Kv‡Q 29/10/71 Avi wZb
dvivex- mwZ¨ Avgvi wK‡h Avb›` jvM‡Q AvR| Av‡M hLb ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v weivR Ki‡Q| GLv‡b GmGmwm I GBPGmwm nvRvi ‡bIqvi cwiKíbv Av‡Q
Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm coZvg- e`i, Iû`, L›`‡Ki hy‡×i BwZnvm cix¶vq 40% ‡_‡K 50% ‡Q‡j cix¶v w`‡q‡Q| Rvgvjcyi 24-10-71… … Prostitution Quarter
coZvg, ZLb g‡b n‡Zv, Av”Qv AvgivI Agb Bmjvgx gyRvwn` gnKygvi ‡kicyi, bwjZvevwo, Bmjvgcyi, ‡`Iqvb MÄ I Rvgvjcyi 26-10-71… Raping Case… Hindu Girl
141
m~wPcÎ |
¯^vaxbZv hy‡× cvK evwnbxi ‡`vmi ivRvKvi‡`i cÖavb ‡Mvjvg wn‡m‡e cÖwZfvZ n‡q‡Q Giv|"
Avhg GKRb KyL¨vZ hy×vcivax| 1971 mv‡ji ee©i MYnZ¨v, Ryb gv‡mB cywjrRvi ‡RZv mvsevw`K wmWwb k¨vbevM© wewfbœ
45 j¶ evOvjx bvixi al©Y I jvÃbv Ges ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki kni ‡_‡K cÖZ¨¶`k©x‡`i eqv‡b ‡ek wKQy cÖwZ‡e`b cvVvb
¯^cœ ‡`Lv kZvwaK eyw×Rxwei wbg©g nZ¨vKv‡Êi ‡cQ‡b i‡q‡Q wbDBqK© UvBg‡m| Rev‡e cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx 1971 mv‡ji
GB gy‡Lvkavix `vbe| 30 Ryb Zv‡K ‡`kZ¨v‡M eva¨ K‡i|
civRq hLb wbwðZ, ZLb ee©iZvi ‡kl KxwZ© wn‡m‡e evOvjx
cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi ‡Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi AvK©vBf ‡_‡K cvIqv ms¯‹…wZ‡K gy‡Q ‡djvi GK gwiqv cÖqvm ‡bq cvKevwnbx| 1971
GK Qwe‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q Wvb nvZ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi m‡½ mv‡ji 14 wW‡m¤^i cvKevwnbx Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb
cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i nv‡Z cÖMwZkxj eyw×Rxwe‡`i ZvwjKv AvavmvgwiK evwnbx Avj-e`i I Avj-kvgm‡K ‡jwj‡q ‡`q
Zy‡j w`‡”Q ‡m Zv‡`i nZ¨vi Rb¨| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k Pigcš’x eyw×Rxwe‡`i nZ¨vi Rb¨| j¶¨ wQj evOvjx ivR‰bwZK wPš—vwe`,
Bmjvgx gZv`‡k©i ¸i“ gvbv nq Zv‡K| 70 nvRvi ivRvKvi, wk¶vwe`, weÁvbx, Kwe, wPwKrmK, AvBbRxwe, mvsevw`K I
Avj-e`i, Avj-kvg‡mi ‡bZv wQj ‡m| (wbDBqK© UvBgm, 30 Ab¨vb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i Lyu‡R‡c‡Z nZ¨v Kiv| Avj-e`i I Avj-
RyjvB, 1971) kvgm L¨vwZgvb eyw×Rxwe‡`i b…ksm nZ¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i
MYnZ¨v Pvjv‡Z Pvjv‡Z K¬vš— n‡q cov cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx bv‡gi ZvwjKv ‰Zwi K‡i| Zv‡`i ‡MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvIqv nq
GK ch©v‡q fvi Kgv‡Z wm×vš— ‡bq mn‡hvMx GKwU evwnbx XvKvi Rjvf~wg iv‡qi evRv‡ii w`‡K|
m…wói| AevOvjx gymjgvb I Wvbcš’x BmjvwgK `j¸‡jvi wcV‡gvov K‡i nvZ I ‡PvL evav Gme eyw×Rxwe‡K ¸wj K‡i
evOvjx `vjvj‡`i ZvwjKv evwb‡q Zv‡`i mk¯¿ cÖwk¶Y ‡`qv nq nZ¨v Kiv nq| Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx I Gi ‡bZviv wQj Gme
GRb¨| Avj-e`i I Avj kvgm bv‡gi GB Avav-mvgwiK evwn- eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi cwiKíbv I Kvh©Ki Kivq mwKªq
bx ïay Z_¨ ‡RvMv‡bvi `vwqZ¡B cvjb K‡iwb, evOvjx nZ¨vq AskMÖnYKvix| ‡MvUv c~e© cvwK¯—vb Ry‡o `y‡kvi Ici eyw×Rxwe
mwKªq Ask wb‡q‡Q cvK evwnbxi Pvc Kgv‡Z| 1971 mv‡ji Ryb I cwÛZ ‡jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i Avj-e`i I Avj-kvgm| wk¶K,
gv‡m wmWwb k¨vbevM© Gme evwnbxi Ici GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b mvsevw`K, wPwKrmK, wkíx, cÖ‡KŠkjx, ‡jLK‡`i R‡ov K‡i
wj‡LwQ‡jb, hv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q "‡MvUv c~e© cvwK¯—vb Ry‡o ‡PvL ‡eu‡a wb‡q hvIqv nq wgicyi, ‡gvnv¤§`cyi, bvLvjcvov,
‡mbvevwnbx Avav-mvgwiK GKwU evwnbx‡K cÖwk¶Y w`‡q M‡o ivRvievM Ges XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ UP©vi ‡mj¸‡jv‡Z| G‡`i
Zyj‡Q, bq‡Zv mk¯¿ Ki‡Q Zv‡`i AbyMZ bvMwiK‡`i hv‡`i ‡ewkifvM‡K GKm‡½ wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq, ‡ewkifvM‡K
A‡b‡KB kvwš— KwgwU MVb K‡i‡Q| wenvwi I Ab¨vb¨ D`©yfvlx iv‡qi evRvi I wgicy‡i|
AevOvjx QvovI Gme evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡Mvjvg ‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b 25 gvP© ivZ ‡_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i wbnZ wewkó
Avhg, gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx I gymwjg eyw×Rxwe‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡Qb W. wR.wm ‡`e (Xvwei `k©‡bi
wj‡Mi g‡Zv Wvbcš’x BmjvwgK `j¸‡jvi m`m¨‡`i| Gme Aa¨vcK), W. gybxi ‡PŠayix (bvU¨Kvi, Xvwe Aa¨vcK), W.
evOvjx gymjgvbiv msL¨vq Kg n‡jI ‡mbvevwnbxi Kg©Kv‡Ê ‡gvdv¾j nvq`vi ‡PŠayix (Xvwe Aa¨vcK), W. Av‡bvqvi cvkv
cÖZ¨¶ mg_©b w`‡q‡Q| (Xvwe Aa¨vcK), Wv. dR‡j ivweŸ, Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayix, knx`yj¬vn
GKwÎZfv‡e Gme evwnbx‡K 'ivRvKvi' ejv nq| evOvwj Rbc‡` Kvqmvi (mvsevw`K), wbRvgywÏb Avn‡g` (mvsevw`K), ‡mwjbv
1981 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi †Mvjvg AvRg evqZzj †gvKvii‡g Gme evwnbx ixwZg‡Zv Îv‡mi ivRZ¡ Kv‡qg K‡i‡Q| ¯’vbxq cvifxb (mvsevw`K), AvjZvd gvngy` (myiKvi I MxwZKvi), W.
G‡j Dcw¯’Z gymwj¬iv Zv‡K RyZv‡cUv K‡ib| nIqvq MYnZ¨vq cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbxi GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© A¯¿ nvweeyi ingvb (MwYZwe`, ivwe wk¶K), ax‡ib `Ë
142
m~wPcÎ |
(ivRbxwZwe`), `vbexi Aviwc mvnv, mv‡eK ‡mbv Kg©KZ©v `y‡Uv N…Y¨ NvZK `‡ji mÖóv wn‡m‡e evOvjx AvRxeb Zv‡K _vK‡Z cvi‡e, KviY Avgvi ‡jvK‡`i m‡½
‡j. K. ‡gvqv‡¾g ‡nv‡mb, cywjk Kg©KZ©v gvgyb gvngy` Ges N…Yv Ki‡e| cvK miKvi mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q wKQy `wjj Avgvi ‡hvMv‡hvM n‡q‡Q| me wKQy wVKVvK|
Av‡iv A‡b‡K| cÖKvwkZ K‡i‡Q hv‡Z hy×vcivax wn‡m‡e Zvi c‡¶ ‡Rviv‡jv Dcw¯’Z‡`i gv‡S GKwU wjd‡jU awi‡q w`‡q ‡Mvjvg
cÖgvY i‡q‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`‡ki e‡j, GB wjd‡jUwU evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZwU MÖv‡g wewj Ki‡Z
W. ikx` AvKmvwi wj‡L‡Qb, cvKevwnbxi cye©v‡ji weR‡qi ci GB ¯^vaxbZv‡K ‡g‡b ‡bqwb ‡m| 1978 mvj n‡e| RbMY Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Av‡Q|
AwabvqK ‡Rbv‡ij wbqvwRi c„ô‡cvlKZvq 1971 mv‡ji ch©š— ‡m cvwK¯—v‡b emevm K‡i Ges 1994 mvj ch©š— Zvi
‡m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m Avj-e`i evwnbxi Rb¥ hviv IB ‡Mvcb cvwK¯—v‡bi bvMwiKZ¡ envj wQj| K‡qKwU m~Î Rvwb‡q‡Q wjd‡j‡U cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½ GKwU
MYnZ¨vq Ask wb‡qwQj| Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ wQj AcniY I Kb‡dWv‡ikb MV‡bi K_v ‡jLv wQj| Av‡iKwU m~Î e‡j‡Q
nZ¨vi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvby‡li gv‡S AvZsK m…wó Kiv| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi GKRb DVwZ QvÎ ‡bZv wn‡m‡e ‡Mvjvg gmwR` e¨envi K‡i ‡Mvc‡b GKwU Bmjvwg wec¬e msNU‡bi
Z_vKw_Z Mfb©i byi“j Avwg‡bi mvgwiK Dc‡`óv ‡gRi Avhg 1957 mv‡j DMÖev`x Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡m‡KªUvwi K_v ejv n‡qwQj G‡Z| XvKvi Av‡kcv‡k wjd‡jUavix ‡ek
‡Rbv‡ij ivI digvb Avjx GB D”Pwkw¶Z I eyw×Rxwe wbe©vwPZ nq| 1969 mv‡j ‡m c~e© cvwK¯—vb Rvgv‡Zi Av¤^i K‡qKRb‡K ‡MÖßvi Kiv nq| ‡Mvjvg Aek¨ GB cwiKíbvq
‡kÖYxi webv‡ki bxjb·vi cÖ‡YZv| Avi GK mßvn nv‡Z (‡cÖwm‡W›U) nq| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq cvKevwnbxi m‡½ cvwK¯—vb I ga¨cÖv‡P¨i K‡qKwU ‡`‡ki mg_©b Av‡Q e‡j
‡c‡j Zviv G‡`‡ki evwK me eyw×Rxwe‡K nZ¨v KiZ| mwZ¨ cÖZ¨¶ mn‡hvwMZvi Kvi‡Y Zvi wei“‡× `vjvjx I hy×civ‡ai Rvbvq| (wRqvi g‡Zv) ‡MvjvgI e‡jwQj, UvKv cqmv ‡Kv‡bv
ej‡Z e`i evwnbx wQj ‡gŠ`y`x, ‡Mvjvg Avhg I Avãyi Awf‡hvM I‡V| mgm¨v bv (gvwb BR ‡bv cÖe‡jg)|
iwn‡gi `j Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi GKwU we‡kl mš¿vmev`x Ask|
bq gvm a‡i Pjv ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi ‡kl ch©v‡q ¸i“ ‡gŠ`yw`i ‡kvbv hvq hy×Kv‡j evsjv‡`‡k ¶wZMÖ¯’ gmwR`¸‡jv wbg©v‡Yi
wZwb Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb, nZ¨vi ZvwjKv ‡ck Kivi cici ‡UwjMÖvg ‡c‡q 22 b‡f¤^i jv‡nvi hvq ‡Mvjvg| Gici ‡kL ARynv‡Z ‡Mvjvg mv‡o 4 ‡KvwU wiqvj msMÖn K‡iwQj ‡mŠw`
‡Mvjvg Avhg, ivRvKvi evwnbxi cÖavb ‡gvnv¤§` BDbym I gywRe miKvi Zvi bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj Ki‡j Zvi Avi ‡`‡k Avie ‡_‡K| a~Z© ‡Mvjvg ‡m UvKvi GKUv eo Ask LiP
kvwš— KwgwUi wjqv‡Ruv Awdmvi gvneyeyi ingvb ¸n©v‡K wb‡q ‡div m¤¢e nqwb| evsjv‡`‡k wdi‡Z e¨_© GB NvZKwk‡ivgwb K‡i jÛ‡bi g¨vb‡P÷v‡i GKwU evwo wK‡b| Zvi ‡Q‡j
‡gvnv¤§`cyi kixi wk¶v ‡K‡›`Ö ivRvKvi I Avje`i‡`i n‡R¡i bvg K‡i Gi ci g°vq hvq| ‡mŠw` Avie ‡_‡K ‡g‡nw` nvmvb GLb ‡m evwo‡Z _v‡K|
cÖwk¶Y ‡`L‡Z hvq| Zvici ‡_‡KB ‡MvUv ‡`‡k Bmjvgx ‡Mvjvg `yevB, Avey avwe, Ky‡qZ, ‰ei“Z I wjweqv hvq ‡kL
QvÎ msN‡K (GLb Bmjvgx QvÎ wkwei) Avje`‡i iƒcvš—i gywRe miKv‡ii wei“‡× cÖPviYv I cvëv Afy_¨vb NUv‡bvi hy‡×i ci evsjv‡`k miKvi ‡gŠjev` I `vjvj‡`i cÖfve
Kiv nq| Ges b‡f¤^‡ii ‡kl mßvn ‡_‡K wW‡m¤^‡ii Rb¨ Znwej msMÖn Ki‡Z| D‡”Q‡`i D‡`¨vM ‡bq, ‡Mvjv‡gi bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj Kiv nq
cÖ_gfvM ch©š— Zv‡`i‡K AcniY I nZ¨vi Rb¨ eyw×Rxwe‡`i ZLb| 1978 mvj ch©š— cvwK¯—vb I jÛ‡b emev‡mi ci
ZvwjKv mieivn Kiv nq| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k we‡ivax GB Kvh©Kª‡gi GK ch©v‡q ‡Mvjvg mv‡eK ‡cÖwm‡W›U wRqvDi ingvb eû`jxq MYZš¿ Kv‡q‡gi
jÛb Av‡m| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K Rvgv‡Zi gyLcÎ wn‡m‡e msMÖvg j‡¶¨ ivRbxwZ Db¥y³ K‡i w`‡j Gi Av‡M wbwl× BmjvwgK
4 wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K KviwdD I e¬¨vK AvDU Av‡ivc Kiv nq cwÎKvwU ‡m mvßvwnK wn‡m‡e cÖKvk Kiv ïi“ K‡i| 1974 `j¸‡jv gv‡V bv‡g| ‡Mvjvg‡K A¯’vqx wfmvq evsjv‡`k
Acni‡Yi myweav‡_©| 10 wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K eo gv‡c Acv‡ikb mv‡j mvßvwnK wewPÎv ‡Mvjv‡gi Kvh©Kªg wb‡q PvÂj¨Ki Avmvi my‡hvM ‡`qv nq|
ïi“ K‡i Avj e`iiv| KviwdD Avi e¬¨vK AvD‡Ui g‡a¨ GKwU cÖwZ‡e`b Qvcvq| G‡Z ejv nq, 1974 mv‡ji ïi“i
Kvu`vgvLv evm wb‡q ‡ei“‡Zv Zviv, Zvici ZvwjKv wgwj‡q w`‡K B÷ jÛ‡bi GKwU evwo‡Z GK KwgwU wgwUs‡q ‡Mvjvg ‡eAvBbxfv‡e evsjv‡`‡k _vKv ïi“ K‡i (Zvi wei“‡×
evwo ‡_‡K Zy‡j wbZ eyw×Rxwe‡`i| Gici ‡gvnv¤§`cyi evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax GKwU bxjb·v cÖYqb K‡i ‡Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v ‡bqv nqwb, ‡m cÖKv‡k¨B Pjv‡div ïi“ K‡i)
wdwRKvj ‡UÖwbs K‡j‡R Zv‡`i ‡Riv I wbh©vZb Kiv n‡Zv| ‡m| GKB ‰eV‡K Ask ‡bqv K‡qKRb cvwK¯—vbx m~Î Zv Ges Rvgv‡Zi AvbAwdwmqvj Avwgi wbe©vwPZ nq| 1994
Mfxi iv‡Z iv‡qievRvi ea¨f~wgi BULvbvq Zv‡`i wb‡q wM‡q wbwðZ K‡i| ‰eV‡K wQj : GwU mv`x, ‡Zvqvnv web nvwee, mv‡j mywcÖg ‡KvU© Zvi bvMwiKZ¡ envj iv‡Lb|
nZ¨v KiZ Gme NvZ‡Kiv| wgicyi I wQj Av‡iK ea¨f~wg| Avwj ‡nvmvBb, e¨vwi÷vi AvLZviDwÏb, ‡g‡ni Avjx I W.
ZvjyK`vi| cvwK¯—vbx bvMwiK‡`i g‡a¨ wQj m`¨ cÖqvZ 2000 mv‡ji ‡kl w`‡K ‡Mvjvg cÖZ¨¶ ivRbxwZ ‡_‡K m‡i
NvZK wk‡ivgwY ‡Mvjvg Avhg (Rb¥ 1922) evsjv‡`‡ki kxl© gvngy` Avjx| ‰eV‡Ki mfvcwZ ‡Mvjvg e‡j, jÛb ‡_‡K `vuovq| Zvi RvqMv ‡bq Av‡iK N…Y¨ NvZK gwZDi ingvb
ivRbxwZwe` wn‡m‡e ¸wQ‡q e‡m‡Q| 1971 mv‡ji ¯^vaxbZv Avgv‡`i Kvh©Kªg Pvjv‡bvUv KwVb n‡e| ZvB Avgv‡`i wbRvgx| ‡Mvjvg 1969 ‡_‡K 2000 ch©š— 31 eQi Rvgv‡Zi
hy‡× cvKevwnbxi ‡`vmi wn‡m‡e KyL¨vZ GB ‡jvK kxl© KvD‡K ‡`‡k wd‡i ‡h‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i SyuwK wb‡ZB n‡e, Avwgi wQj| KvKZvjxqfv‡e Zvi ¸i“ ‡gŠ`y`xI ZvB (1941-
hy×vcivax wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| ivRvKvi I Avj-e`‡ii g‡Zv bq‡Zv dvq`v n‡e bv| Z‡e ‡`‡k wdi‡j ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi g‡a¨ 1972)|
143
m~wPcÎ |
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi ‡jLv AvZ¥Rxebx gvÎB ‡kl Kijvg| GKUv miKv‡ii mv‡_ ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡gB Zv m¤¢eÕ (c…-143)| wn›`y‡K Ab_©K ‡g‡i wn›`y m¤cÖ`vq‡K fvi‡Z cvwj‡q ‡h‡Z
gvbyl‡K ‡evSvi Rb¨B Kó K‡i wZb LÛ Rxebx cov| c‡o RvgvqvZ gyw³hy‡×i mgq ZrKvjxb mvgwiK AvBb cÖkvmK eva¨ Kij|Õ
eySjvg GB ‡jvKUvi g‡Zv AfvMv Avm‡jB ‡KD ‡bB| ey‡K ‡Rbv‡ij wU°v Lv‡bi m‡½ mv¶vZ K‡iB mvgwiK evwnbx‡K 1971 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡kl w`‡K kvwš— KwgwU MV‡bi
cvwK¯—vb wb‡q evm Ki‡Q evsjv‡`‡k| ZvB mviv eB Ry‡oB mn‡hvwMZvi cÖwZkÖywZ w`‡qwQ‡jb e‡j ‡Mvjvg Avhg c‡ii j‡¶¨ cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©i b~i“j Avwg‡bi evmvq GK ‰eV‡K
cvwK¯—vb wb‡q Av‡¶c| GUv c‡o eySjvg Zvi AvÛv-ev”PvivI c…ôv‡ZB D‡j¬L K‡ib| wU°v Lv‡bi wb‡`©k Abyhvqx wZwb ‡Mvjvg Avhg e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔcvwK¯—vb wU‡K _vKyK, Avgv‡`i
wK cwigvY g‡bvK‡ó _v‡K| cvwK¯—v‡bi ALÛZv i¶vi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q ‡iwWI‡Z fvlY ‡`k fvi‡Zi Lài ‡_‡K ‡eu‡P _vKyK- GUv Aek¨B Avgv‡`i
Avmyb ‡`wL Kx wj‡L‡Qb ‡Mvjvg Avhg| ‡`b e‡jI wZwb GKB c…ôvq wj‡Lb| fvl‡Y ‡Mvjvg Avhg Avš—wiK KvgbvÕ (c…-156)| `yB c…ôv c‡iB wZwb Av‡c K‡i
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi mgq Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg wbe©vPbx gyw³hy‡×i ARynv‡Z fviZ evsjv‡`k `Lj Ki‡Z Pvq D‡j¬L ‡j‡Lb, Ôgyw³‡hv×viv kvwš— KwgwUi m‡½ kÎyZv bv Ki‡j
cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bvi mgq RbMY‡K AvIqvgx jxM‡K ‡fvU bv K‡i RbMY‡K mZK© _vKvi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| GB fvlY RbM‡Yi ch©v‡q kvwš— KwgwU I gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ we‡iva
‡`Iqvi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q ej‡Zb, ÔZviv ¶gZv ‡c‡j cvwK¯—vb cÖPv‡ii ciB mviv ‡`‡k Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡bZv-Kg©xiv AvIqvgx m…wó n‡Zv bv|Õ
‡_‡K c~e© cvwK¯—vb‡K (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k) Avjv`v K‡i jx‡Mi ûgwKi gy‡L c‡o- GUvI D‡j¬L K‡ib wZwb| Rxebxi Z…Zxq L‡Ûi Ô16 wW‡m¤^‡i Avgvi Abyf~wZÕ kxl©K
‡dj‡Z cv‡i| hw` ZvB nq Zvn‡j Avcbviv cvwK¯—v‡bi cvwK¯—vwb evwnbxi m‡½ AvuZvZ K‡i RvgvqvZ ‡`kevmxi Aa¨v‡q ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔwW‡m¤^‡ii g‡a¨B P~ovš—
wbe©vP‡b ‡fvU ‡`Iqvi my‡hvMB nqZ cv‡eb bv|Õ (3q LÛ, DcKvi K‡i‡Q- Rxebx‡Z Ggb `vweI K‡i‡Qb Rvgvqv‡Zi dvqmvjv n‡q hv‡e Zv aviYv Kwiwb e‡j g‡bi w`K w`‡q cÖ¯—
c…ôv- 107) mv‡eK Avwgi| R‰bK m~h¨© wgqv‡K cvK ‡mbvevwnbx Zvi yZ wQjvg bv|Õ ‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci Zvi Abyf~wZ Rvbv‡Z
Z…Zxq L‡Ûi c…ôvq c…ôvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg gyw³hy×we‡ivax bvbv mycvwi‡k ‡Q‡o w`‡qwQ‡j D‡j¬L K‡i wZwb wj‡Lb, Ô‡PvLevuav wM‡q gvwmK D`©y WvB‡R‡÷i m¤úv`K AvjZvd ‡nvmvBb
gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb| GKB m‡½ cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx I ivRvKvi Ae¯’vq Zv‡K (m~h¨©) wRc ‡_‡K GK ‰mwbK jvw_ w`‡q ‡d‡j KyivBkx‡K wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔDcgnv‡`‡ki BwZnv‡m GB cÖ_g
evwnbxi mvdvB ‡M‡q‡Qb, cvK evwnbx‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi w`‡q ‡Mj| jvw_ gvivi mgq bvwK ejj, ‡Kvb ‡Mvjvg Avhg wn›`y I wkL evwnbxi wbKU cÖvq GK jvL mk¯¿ evwnbx
hyw³ Lyu‡R‡Qb, eY©bv K‡i‡Qb kvwš— KwgwU MV‡bi ‡cÖ¶vcU| bvwK mycvwik K‡i‡Q, hv ‡eu‡P ‡MwjÕ (c…-145)| wZwb Av‡iv AvZ¥mgc©Y Ki‡jv| Bs‡iR Avg‡jI gyRvwn` evwnbx wkL‡`i
Zvi `vwe, kvwš— KwgwUi m‡½ RbM‡Yi ‡Kv‡bv kΓZv wQj bv, wj‡L‡Qb, Ô‡kL gywR‡ei AvZ¥xq nIqv Qvov Zvi (m~h¨©) Avi wbKU AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡ibwb| Zviv knx` n‡q‡Qb|Õ (c…-242)
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Kvi‡YB RbM‡Yi m‡½ Zv‡`i `yiZ¡ m…wó ‡Kv‡bv Aciva ‡bBÕ (c…-144)| gyw³hy‡× weR‡qi Av‡MB ‡Mvjvg AvRg Õ71 Gi 22 b‡f¤^i
n‡q‡Q| gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvK evwnbxi bvbv AcK‡g©i mn‡hvMx Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡K›`Öxq Kg©cwil‡`i ‰eV‡K ‡hvM w`‡Z cvwK¯—vb
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi g‡Z, 1971 mv‡ji mk¯¿ gyw³hy× ‡Kv‡bv ivRvKvi evwnbx‡K ‡`k‡cÖwgK Ges gyw³hyׇK bvkKZvg~jK hvb| Gici wZwb `xN©w`b Avi ‡`‡k wd‡ibwb|
‡MŠiegq AR©b bq eis Zv n‡jv ÔcvwK¯—vb wefw³ I ZZciZv D‡j¬L K‡i Z…Zxq L‡Ûi 150 c…ôv‡Z ‡Mvjvg Avhg ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi AvZ¥Rxebxi cÖ_g L‡Û wKª‡KU ‡Ljv cÖm‡½
evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨y`‡qi welv`gq KvwnbxÕ (c…-211)| GKB wj‡Lb, Ô‡h ‡ihvKviiv (ivRvKvi) ‡`k‡K bvkKZvg~jK Zvi gš—‡e¨I Zvi cvwK¯—vb cÖxwZ ¯úó n‡q‡Q| 1999 mv‡ji
c…ôvq wZwb wj‡Lb, Ô1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi msKU wQj ewn- ZrciZv ‡_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡”Q Zviv wK ‡`k‡K wek¦Kv‡c evsjv‡`k wKª‡KU `j cvwK¯—vb `j‡K civwRZ Kivq
tkw³ RwoZ `jv`wji e¨vcvi, hv‡Z Af¨š—ixY ivR‰bwZK fvjev‡m bv? Zviv wK Rb¥f~wgi `ykgb n‡Z cv‡i?Õ ‡kL nvwmbv e‡jwQ‡jb, 71-Gi g‡Zv gyw³hy‡×i ‡PZbv wb‡q
Dcv`vbmg~n Ges Avš—R©vwZK Dcv`vbmg~n Ges Avš—R©vwZK ‡Mvjvg Avhg gyw³hy‡×i mgq gyw³‡hv×vivB cvK ‡mbvevwn- ‡Ljvi d‡jB weRq m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| GB gš—‡e¨i mgv‡jvPbv
cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZi ‡hvMm~Î wQj|Õ bx‡K wnsmÖ n‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Q e‡jI `vwe K‡ib 152 c…ôv‡Z| K‡i ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, Ô‡Ljv ‡LjvB| Gi m‡½ gyw³hyׇK
gyw³hy‡×i we‡ivwaZv I ‡mbvevwnbxi m‡½ Rvgvqv‡Zi Zvi `vwe, gyw³‡hv×viv Aev½vwj‡`i wbwe©Pv‡i nZ¨v K‡i‡Q ‡U‡b G‡b wZwb (‡kL nvwmbv) Ah_vB nvm¨®ú` n‡jb|Õ A_P
AvuZv‡Zi mvdvB ‡M‡q ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔmvgwiK evwnbxi Ges Gi cÖwZ‡kva wb‡ZB cvK evwnbx ev½vwj‡`i cÖwZ b…ksm c‡ii Aby‡”Q‡`B ‡Mvjvg Avhg wj‡Lb, ÔcvwK¯—vb gv‡S gv‡S
Awfhv‡bi d‡j RbMY ‡h Amnvq Ae¯’vq c‡o Avgv‡`i n‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| ‡Mvjvg Avhg cvK ‡mbvevwnbxi mvaviY `‡ji wbKU civwRZ n‡jI fvi‡Zi wbKU Lye KgB
Kv‡Q Avm‡Q Avgv‡`i‡K h_vmva¨ Zv‡`i cv‡k `vuov‡Z n‡e| b…ksmZv‡K Ô‡gvUveyw×i ‰mwbK‡`i Ab_©KÕ KvR e‡jI D‡j¬L civwRZ n‡q‡Q| Rvwb bv cvwK¯—vbx `j 47 Gi ‡PZbv wb‡qB
G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z RbM‡Yi mvgvb¨ wL`gZ Ki‡Z n‡j mvgwiK K‡i c‡ii c…ôv‡Z wj‡Lb, Ô‡gvUv eyw×i ‰mwbKiv Gfv‡e wKQy fvi‡Zi wei“‡× ‡L‡j wKbv (c…-126)|Õ
144
m~wPcÎ |
145
m~wPcÎ |
‡gvnv¤§` Kvgvi“¾vgvb Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki mnKvix Kwgkb‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zvi ‡Q‡j knx` ew`D¾vgvb‡K Mv‡q gy‡L PybKvwj gvwL‡q, Mjvq RyZvi gvjv cwo‡q cÖvq
‡m‡KªUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij| mvßvwnK ‡mvbvi evsjvi m¤úv`K, gyw³hy‡×i mgq Avlvp gv‡mi GKw`‡b Zvi ‡eqvBi evwo Dj½ Ae¯’vq PveyK w`‡q ‡cUv‡Z ‡cUv‡Z Kvgvi“¾vgvb I
Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi gyLcÎ ‰`wbK msMÖv‡gi mv‡eK wbe©vnx ‡_‡K Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 11 R‡bi GKwU `j a‡i wb‡q Zvi mn‡hvMxiv ‡kicyi kni cÖ`w¶Y Kivq|
m¤úv`K| 1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi hvq| knx` ew`D¾vgvb‡K Avng` bMi cvwK¯—vbx evwnbxi ‡kicyi ‡Rjvi AvIqvgx wj‡Mi mv‡eK ‡bZv wRqvDj nK
¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax ZrciZv I hy×vciv‡ai weeiYmg~n K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq| ¯^vaxbZvi ci knx‡`i eo fvB Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡ji 22 AvM÷ we‡Kj 5Uvq
ZrKvjxb msev`cÎ, gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm welqK MÖš’ I nvmvby¾vgvb ev`x n‡q bvwjZvevwo _vbvq gvgjv `v‡qi KvgvwoP‡i Zvi wb‡Ri evwo ‡_‡K MvwRi Lvgv‡i hvevi mgq
wbh©vwZZ e¨w³‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K Rvbv ‡M‡Q| Ô71 mv‡j K‡ib| GB gvgjvi 18Rb Avmvgxi Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb 3Rb mk¯¿ Avje`i Zv‡K a‡i wb‡q ‡kicyi kn‡i Avje`i
Kvgvi“¾vgvb Rvgv‡Z Bmjvgxi ZrKvjxb QvÎ msMVb Kvgvi“¾vgvb| gvgjvwUi b¤^i -2(5)72| wRAvi bs- UP©vi K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q hvq| wZwb ‡mB K¨v‡¤ú Kvgvi“¾vgvbmn
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi ‡bZv wQ‡jb| 250(2)72| Zvi mn‡hvMx‡`i ‡`‡Lb| Zviv wRqvDj nK‡K `yw`b UP©vi
gyw³hy‡×i mgq Rvgvjcy‡i cÖ_g Avje`i evwnbx M‡o I‡V ‡kicyi ‡Rjvi knx` ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dvi PvPvZ fvB kvnRvnvb K¨v‡¤úi AÜKvi K‚‡c AvU‡K iv‡L| Gici ‡kicyi ‡Q‡o
hvi cÖavb msMVK wQ‡jb Kvgvi“¾vgvb| ZvjyK`vi Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡ji 24 AvM÷ Avje`iiv hvevi k‡Z© Zv‡K ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv nq| Ab¨_vq Zviv Zv‡K
1971 mv‡ji 16 AvM÷ ‰`wbK msMÖv‡g cÖKvwkZ GKwU ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K ‡kicyi kn‡ii moK ‡_‡K a‡i ejc~e©K nZ¨vi ûgwK ‡`q|
cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, cvwK¯—v‡bi 25Zg AvRv`x w`em Zv‡`i K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q hvq| ‡kicyi kn‡ii my‡i›`Ö‡gvnb mvnvi ‡kicyi RvZxq cvwU©i ‡bZv gyw³‡hv×v Gg`v`yj nK nxiv
Dcj‡¶¨ MZ kwbevi ‡gv‡gbkvnx Avje`i evwnbxi D‡`¨v‡M evwowU `Lj K‡i Avje`iiv Zv‡`i K¨v¤ú evwb‡qwQj| ‡m Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971 mv‡j gyw³hy‡×i cÖ_g w`‡KB
wgwQj I wm‡¤úvwRqvg AbywôZ nq| ¯’vbxq gymwjg K¨v‡¤ú ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K a‡i wb‡q Avje`iiv Zvi Mv‡qi Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi mnvqZvq cvwK¯—vbxiv Zvi evoxNi R¡vwj‡q
Bbw÷wUD‡U Av‡qvwRZ GB wm‡¤úvwRqv‡g mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib gvsm I iM ‡K‡U, nvZ ‡eu‡a nuvwU‡q wb‡q hvq ‡kix weÖ‡Ri cywo‡q w`‡qwQj| ‡mLv‡b Zviv cvuPwU ev¼vi K‡iwQj| Zvi
Avje`i evwnbxi cÖavb msMVK Rbve Kvgvi“¾vgvb| GK wb‡P| ‡mLv‡b Zviv ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dv‡K| evwoi wjPyMv‡Qi wb‡P gvbyl a‡i G‡b nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
ZvievZ©vq cÖKvk wm‡¤úvwRqv‡g wewfbœ e³vMb ‡`k‡K aŸsm Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi cÖZ¨¶ wb‡`©‡k GB nZ¨vKvÊwU N‡UwQj| Aci GKRb cÖZ¨¶`k©x eZ©gv‡b ‡kicy‡ii bKjvi nvRx
Kivi loh‡š¿ wjß `ykgb‡`i m¤ú‡K© mZK©evYx D”PviY knx` ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯—dvi nZ¨vKvÊ ‡h Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi Øviv Rvjgvgy` K‡j‡Ri wk¶K gymwdKy¾vgvb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, 1971
K‡ib| msNwUZ n‡qwQj GB Z_¨ ‡kicy‡ii Av‡iv A‡b‡KB mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡mi gvSvgvwS mgq wZb Avwb evRvi¯’ evmv
Rvgvjcy‡i ‡¯^”Qv‡meK evwnbx wn‡m‡e Avje`i M‡o IVvi w`‡q‡Qb| I e¨emv cÖwZôvb¸wj jyU Kiv n‡qwQj Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi
mv‡_ mv‡_ RvgvZ ‡bZ…Z¡ ü`q½g Ki‡Z cv‡i ‡h QvÎ evsjv‡`k QvÎjxM ‡kicyi ‡Rjv kvLvi mv‡eK mfvcwZ knx` wb‡`©‡k I Dcw¯’wZ‡Z|
msN‡K Zviv mk¯¿ K‡i gyw³hy× we‡ivax ZrciZv QvovI wcZvi mš—vb Zvcm mvnv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, gyw³hy‡×i mgq ‡kicy‡i gyw³hy‡×i mgq cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx, ivRvKvi I
eyw×Rxwe nZ¨vi Rb¨ we‡kl ‡¯‹vqvW wn‡me e¨envi Ki‡Z Kvgvi“¾vgvb I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv ‡kicy‡ii wewfbœ GjvKv Avje`i KZ©…K wbixn ‡jvKRb‡`i a‡i Avbv Ges Zv‡`i
cvi‡e| cÖ_gZ cix¶vg~jKfv‡e mviv gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi ‡_‡K Avje`i K¨v‡¤ú bvix-cyi“l-hyeK a‡i wb‡q Zv‡`i jvk enb Kivi Rb¨ e¨eüZ UÖvK¸‡jvi GKRb WÖvBfvi
Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni Kg©x‡`i Avje`i evwnbx wn‡m‡e Dci AZ¨vPvi PvjvZ| Avje`iiv Zv‡`i PveyK w`‡q Rvwb‡q‡Qb Kvgvi“¾vgvb bKjvi gyw³‡hv×v nš—vi evwo
msMwVZ K‡i mk¯¿ ‡UÖwbs ‡`Iqv nq| GB mvsMVwbK ‡cUv‡Zv| Kvgvi“¾vgvb evwnbx ‡kicyi ‡cŠimfvi mv‡eK ‡cvov‡bvi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vbx evwnbx‡K iv¯—v ‡`wL‡q wb‡q hvb|
Kvh©Kª‡gi cwiPvjK wQ‡jb Kvgvi“¾vgvb| Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi Kwgkbvi gwR`‡K a‡i wb‡q wM‡qwQj UP©vi K¨v‡¤ú| mKv‡j ZLb nš—vi evwo ‡_‡K Kvgvi“¾vgvb cÖvq 100 gb PvjI jyU
‡bZ…‡Z¡ gvmLv‡b‡Ki g‡a¨B gqgbwmsn ‡Rjvi mg¯— QvÎ a‡i wb‡q cy‡ivw`b Zv‡K UP©vi K¨v‡¤úi AÜKvi K‚‡c AvU‡K K‡i| GQvovI Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avje`iiv mvaviY
msN Kg©x‡K Avje`i evwnbx‡Z Aš—f©y³ Kiv nq (Z_¨m~Î : iv‡L| gvby‡li Mi“-QvMj a‡ib wb‡q AvmZ Ges cwiZ¨³
GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq, gyw³hy× ‡PZbv 1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡mi gvSvgvwS GK `ycy‡i ‡kicyi m¤úwËmn Ab¨vb¨ Rwg m¤úwË ‡Rvi K‡i `Lj K‡i wbZ e‡j
weKvk ‡K›`Ö, c…: 111-112) K‡j‡Ri ZrKvjxb Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm I ms¯‹…wZ wefv‡Mi Rvwb‡q‡Qb GB UÖvK WÖvBfvi| Kvgvi“¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡m
‡kicy‡ii GKRb knx‡`i wcZv dRjyj nK MYZ`š— cÖfvlK ‰mq` Ave`yj nvbœvb‡K ‡Lvjv Mv‡q, gv_v b¨vov K‡i, mgq WvKvwZi Awf‡hvM cvIqv ‡M‡Q|
146
m~wPcÎ |
1973 mv‡ji 20 RyjvB RvZxq msm‡` ZrKvjxb AvBbgš¿x nq| cieZ©x‡Z `vjvj AvB‡bi Aax‡b 37 nvRv‡ii ‡ewk (15) 397 (nZ¨v A_ev gvivZœK AvNvZmn `m¨ye…wË A_ev
kÖx g‡bviÄb ai e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvR‡K evsjv‡`‡k ‡h me e¨w³‡K ‡MÖdZvi Kiv nq Ges wewfbœ Av`vj‡Z Zv‡`i wePvi WvKvwZ),
hy×vciva AbywôZ n‡q‡Q, ‡mRb¨ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi bv K‡i Avi¤¢ nq| Gi cvkvcvwk miKvwi PvKywi‡Z Kg©iZ‡`i ‡KD (16) 435 (Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK `Ö‡e¨i mvnv‡h¨
hw` Zviv webv wePv‡i, webv kvw¯—‡Z ‡invB ‡c‡q hvb, Zvn‡j `vjvjx Ges hy×vciv‡ai m‡½ hy³ wQ‡jb wKbv Zv hvPvB ¶wZmvaY),
mg¯— mf¨ RvwZi ‡Pv‡L Avgiv cwinv‡mi cvÎ n‡ev| Ges Kivi Rb¨ 1972 mv‡ji 13 Ryb GKwU Av‡`k Rvwi K‡i hv (17) 436 (evwoNi aŸs‡mi D‡Ï‡k¨ Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK
Avgiv AZ¨š— K`h© bRxi ¯’vcb Kie| GB wePvi Avgv‡`i ZLb ‡M‡RU AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| `Öe¨ e¨envi),
cigZg KZ©e¨|Õ 1973 mv‡ji 30 b‡f¤^i `vjvj AvB‡b AvUK ‡h mKj (18) ‡dŠR`vix `Ûwewai 436 (Av¸b A_ev we‡ùviK `Ö‡e¨i
1973 mv‡ji ci ‡cwi‡q ‡M‡Q `xN© mgq| GB ch©v‡q G‡m e¨w³‡`i wei“‡× hy×vciv‡ai mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb Awf‡hvM ‡bB mvnv‡h¨ ‡Kvb Rjhv‡bi ¶wZ mvab) A_ev Gme Kv‡R Drmvn
evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb bvMwiK wn‡m‡e hw` Avwg ewj, Avgiv Zv‡`i Rb¨ ¶gv ‡NvlYv Kiv nq| mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi ci `vb| Gme Acivax ‡Kvbfv‡eB ¶gvi ‡hvM¨ bb|Õ
mf¨ RvwZi ‡Pv‡L ‡Kgb cwinv‡mi cvÎ n‡qwQ? GB wK `vjvj AvB‡b AvUK 37 nvRv‡ii AwaK e¨w³i ‡fZi ‡_‡K GLb cÖkœ n‡jv mywbw`©ófv‡e GB 18wU aviv D‡j¬L Kivi ciI
Avgvi evsjv‡`k, hv‡`i i‡³i wewbg‡q ¯^vaxb GB ‡`k cÖvq 26 nvRvi Qvov ‡c‡q wM‡qwQj| wK ‡KD ej‡Z cv‡i ‡h mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g
Zv‡`i nZ¨vi wePvi AvRZK Ki‡Z cv‡i wb ‡h ‡`k? GB wK mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi 5bs avivi (K) Aby‡”Q‡` ‡h weavb hy×vcivax‡`i Qvov ‡c‡q hvIqvi my‡hvM K‡i ‡`qv n‡q‡Q?
evsjv‡`k, ‡hLv‡b ¯^vaxbZvi G‡Zv eQi c‡iI ivLv nq Zv‡Z mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© ‡Kvb hy×vcivax gyw³ cvIqvi mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi ciI 11 nvRv‡ii ‡ewk e¨w³ G mKj
HwZnvwmKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z mZ¨‡K K_vi Zyewo‡Z wg_¨v evbv‡Z K_v bq| KviY ‡NvlYvi 5 bs avivq ejv n‡q‡Q - Aciv‡ai `v‡q KvivMv‡i AvUK wQj Ges Zv‡`i wePvi
Pvb ¯^xK…Z ‡Kvb hy×vcivax| Ôhviv ewY©Z Av‡`‡ki wb‡Pi ewY©Z avivmg~‡n kvw¯—‡hvM¨ Kvh©Kªg PjwQj| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z 1975 mv‡ji 31 wW‡m¤^i
hw` mviv evsjv‡`‡k MY‡fvU PvIqv nq, Kviv hy×vcivax‡`i Aciv‡a mvRvcÖvß A_ev hv‡`i wei“‡× mywbw`©ó Awf‡hvM `vjvj AvBb evwZj K‡i hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kvh©Kªg eÜ
wePvi Pvb? Z‡e GUv `…pfv‡e ejv hvq cÖvq mevB hy×vci- i‡q‡Q A_ev hv‡`i wei“‡× wb‡gœv³ aviv ‡gvZv‡eK ‡KvbwU K‡i ‡`qv nq|
vax‡`i wePv‡ii c‡¶ _vK‡eb| G‡ZvwKQyi ciI ‡Kb GB A_ev meKwU Awf‡hvM _vK‡e ‡mB cÖm½ GB iPbvq Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i wd‡i hvB mvaviY
‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡”Q bv? hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii (1) 121 (evsjv‡`‡ki we‡iv‡× hy× Pvjv‡bv A_ev Pvjv‡bvi ¶gv cÖm‡½| GB mvaviY ¶gv wb‡q GKUv weZK© ‡_‡KB
‡¶‡Î cÖwZeÜKZvUv ‡Kv_vq? ‡hLv‡b cÖRvZ‡š¿i ‡ewkifvM ‡Póv), hvq| ‡kL gywReyi ingvb mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb
‡jvK GB `vwei c‡¶| (2) 121 K (evsjv‡`‡ki we‡iv‡× hy× Pvjv‡bvi lohš¿), wK‡mi wfwˇZ? mvaviY ¶gvi welqwU wK ïayB mnvbyf~wZi
AvB‡bi QvÎ wn‡m‡e Avwg hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Ges Zvi (3) 128 K (ivóÖ‡`ÖvwnZv), welq, bvwK ‡mLv‡b mvsweavwbK ‡Kvb ‰eaZv i‡q‡Q?
AvBbMZ w`K wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB| (4) 302 (nZ¨v), evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ivóÖcÖav‡bi ¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi my‡hvM
(5) 304 (nZ¨vi ‡Póv), i‡q‡Q| j¶ Kwi eZ©gvb msweav‡bi 49 bs Aby‡”Q` (1972
evsjv‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ_g AvBb cvk Kiv (6) 363 (AcniY), mv‡ji msweav‡bi 57 bs Aby‡”Q`)
nq 1972 mv‡j| AvBbwUi bvg Bangladesh (7) 364 (nZ¨vi D‡Ï‡k¨ AcniY) ÔThe President shall have power to grant pardons,
Collaborators (Special Tribunals) Order, 1972 | GwU (8) 365 (AvUK ivLvi D‡Ï‡k¨ AcniY), reprieves and respites and to remit, suspend or
`vjvj AvBb bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1972 mv‡ji 24 Rvbyqvwi (9) 368 (AcüZ e¨w³‡K ¸g I AvUK ivLv), commute any sentence passed by any court, tribu-
ivóÖcwZi ‡NvlYv Øviv cÖewZ©Z `vjvj AvBbwUi cÖ‡qvM ïi“ nq (10) 376 (al©Y), nal or other authority.Õ
‡deª“qvwi gvm ‡_‡K Z`š— cÖwKªqv ïi“ Kivi gva¨‡g| cÖm½Z (11) 392 (`m¨ye…wË), A_©vr Ô‡Kvb Av`vjZ, UÖvBe¨ybvj ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb KZ©…c¶ KZ©…K
D‡j¬L Kiv hvq, 1972 mv‡ji 24 Rvbyqvix AvBbwUi Av‡`k (12) 394 (`m¨ye…wËKv‡j AvNvZ), cÖ`Ë ‡h ‡Kvb `‡Ûi gvR©bv, wej¤^b I weivg gÄyi Kwievi
Rvix n‡jI cieZ©x‡Z GKB eQ‡ii 6 ‡deª“qvwi, 1 Ryb Ges (13) 395 (WvKvwZ), Ges ‡h ‡Kvb `Û gIKyd ¯’wMZ ev nÖvm Kwievi ¶gZv
29 AvM÷ Zvwi‡L wZb`dv ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g AvBbwU Pyovš— (14) 396 (Lybmn WvKvwZ), ivóÖcwZi _vwK‡e|Õ
147
m~wPcÎ |
myZivs ejv hvq, ïaygvÎ kvw¯— Ges `ÛcÖvß e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB AmgÄm¨ ev cwicš’xi K_v ‡Kb Avm‡Q, ‡m welqwU eyS‡Z cÖm‡½| 1973 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB RvZxq
¶gv cÖ`k©‡bi AwaKvi Av‡Q ivóÖcÖav‡bi| wKš‘ hviv kvw¯— n‡j Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z n‡e msweav‡bi KwZcq weav‡bi msm‡` me©m¤§wZKª‡g cvk nq GB AvBb|
wKsev `Û cvbwb Zv‡`i‡K wK mvaviY ¶gv Kiv hv‡e? AcÖ‡hvR¨Zv wk‡ivbv‡g wewae× 47 (K) (1) Ges 47 (L) Avgiv j¶¨ Kwi 17 RyjvB msweav‡bi cÖ_g
‡mB weZ‡K© bv wM‡q wd‡i Avwm hy×ivcivax‡`i wePvi (2) Aby‡”Q`| ms‡kvabx Aby‡gvw`Z nIqvi wZbw`b c‡iB The
cÖm‡½| `vjvj AvBb evwZj n‡q hvIqvi Kvi‡Y hy×vci- International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 cvk nq|
vax‡`i wePvi n‡e bv wKsev wePvi m¤¢e bq GgbUv ‡gv‡UI 47 (K) (1) - Ò ‡h e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 47 Zvi gv‡b msweav‡bi 47 (3) Aby‡”Q‡` hy×vcivax‡`i
bq| KviY GL‡bv iv‡óÖi m‡e©v”P AvBb wn‡m‡e L¨vZ Aby‡”Q‡`i (3) `dvq ewY©Z ‡Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq, ‡mB wePv‡ii Rb¨ ‡h AvBbwUi K_v ejv n‡qwQj The
msweav‡b hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii welqwU i‡q‡Q; i‡q‡Q e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 31 Aby‡”Q`, 35 Aby‡”Q‡`i International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 -B n‡”Q
47(3) Aby‡”Q`| GQvov hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kivi me‡P‡q (1) I (3) `dv Ges 44 Aby‡”Q‡`i Aawb wbðqK…Z ‡mB AvBb| A_©vr GB AvBbwU msweav‡bi Ab¨ ‡Kvb
Kvh©Kix AvBb The International crimes (Tribunals) Act AwaKvimg~n cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv|Ó Aby‡”Q‡`i m‡½ AmgÄm¨ ev cwicš’x n‡jI evwZj n‡e bv|
1973 GL‡bv i‡q‡Q| 47 (K) (2) - Ò GB msweav‡b hvnv ejv nBqv‡Q, Zvnv myZivs hviv hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î Gi ‡`vnvB ‡`Lvb
G wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z PvB Avgv‡`i msweav‡bi cÖ_g m‡Ë¡I ‡h e¨w³i ‡¶‡Î GB msweav‡bi 47 Aby‡”Q‡`i (3) Zv‡`i Rb¨ ‡gv¶g Reve n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 47
ms‡kvabx m¤^‡Ü| 1973 mv‡ji 15 RyjvB cÖ_g ms‡kvabx `dvq ewY©Z ‡Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ nq, GB msweav‡bi Aaxb (3) Aby‡”Q`| GLv‡b GKwU ARynv‡Zi Reve ‡`qv n‡jv|
M…nxZ nq Ges GwU ivóÖcwZi Aby‡gv`b cvq 17 RyjvB| GB ‡Kvb cÖwZKv‡ii Rb¨ mycÖxg ‡Kv‡U© Av‡e`b Kwievi ‡Kvb msweav‡bi ‡P‡q eo AvBb †Zv evsjv‡`‡k Ab¨ ‡Kvb AvBb
cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi welqe¯—y wQj hy×vcivaxmn Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi ‡mB e¨w³i _vwK‡e bv|Ó bq|
MYwe‡ivax‡`i wePv‡ii weavb wbwðZ Kiv| GLb msweav‡bi 35 (1) bs Aby‡”Q‡`i w`‡K j¶¨ Kwi - Av‡iKwU ARynvZ n‡”Q wmgjv Pyw³| wmgjv Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq
msweav‡bi cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g 47(3) Aby‡”Q` Aš—f~³ Ò Aciv‡ai `vqgy³ Kvh©msNUbKv‡j ejer wQj GBi“c AvBb 1972 mv‡ji 2 RyjvB| GB Pyw³i gva¨‡g hy×e›`x‡`i wew-
Kiv nq| GB Aby‡”Q`wUi w`‡K `…wó ‡`qv hvK - f½ Kwievi Aciva e¨ZxZ ‡Kvb e¨w³‡K ‡`vlx mve¨¯— Kiv bgq n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GB Pyw³‡Z ‡Kv_vI ejv bvB ‡h hy×vci-
ÒNotwithstanding anything contained in this hvB‡e bv Ges Aciva msNUbKv‡j ejer ‡mB AvBbe‡j ‡h vax‡`i wePvi n‡e bv|
Constitution, no law nor any provision thereof pro- `Û ‡`Iqv hvB‡Z cvwiZ, Zvnv‡K Zvnvi AwaK ev Zvnv G mewKQyi ci Av‡iKwU welq g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z PvB msweavb
viding for detention , prosecution or punishment of nB‡Z wfbœ `Û ‡`Iqv hvB‡e bv|Ó GB ‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvBb| Ab¨ ‡h‡Kvb AvB‡bi mv‡_
any person, who is a member of any armed or Aby‡”Q` 47 (3) Gi ci Aby‡”Q` 35 (1) Gi Av‡jvPbv AmvgÄm¨ wKsev cwicš’x n‡j msweav‡bi AvBb cÖvavb¨
defence or auxiliary forces or who is a prisoner of wb‡q Avmvi KviY n‡jv msweav‡bi cÖ_g ms‡kvabxi Ab¨Zg cv‡e| msweav‡bi 47 (3) avivq hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii K_v
war, for genocide, crimes against humanity or war Dcj¶¨B n‡jv GB 35 (1) bs Aby‡”Q`| Òex post factoÓ ejv n‡q‡Q| Ges GB avivi wfwˇZB cieZ©x‡Z The
crimes and other crimes under international law laws e‡j AvB‡b GKUv Uvg© i‡q‡Q| International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 Kvh©Ki
shall be deemed void or unlawful, or ever to have nq| GB A¨v±wU hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii wel‡q e‡j, hvi
become void or unlawful, on the ground that such Ex post facto law is one which, in its operation, (1) mg_©‡b i‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi GKwU Aby‡”Q`| ‡Kvb
law or provision of any such law is inconsistent with, makes that criminal which was not so at the time ai‡bi Pyw³ wKsev Av‡jvPbv wbðqB msweav‡bi AvB‡bi
or repugnent to, any of the provision of this the act was not so at the time the act was per- Dc‡i ¯’vb ‡c‡Z cv‡i bv| Zvn‡j GUv ¯^Ztwm× ‡h hy×vci-
Constitution.Ó formed, or (2) which increases the punishment, or in vax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î AvBbMZ ‡Kvb evav ‡bB|
A_©vr, Ò GB msweavb hvnv ejv nBqv‡Q, Zvnv m‡Ë¡I short which in relation to the offence or its conse- cÖm½Z GKUv welq D‡j¬L Ki‡Z PvB| msweav‡bi Z…Zxq
MYnZ¨vRwbZ Aciva, gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva ev hy×vciva quence, alters the situation of a party to his detri- fv‡Mi wk‡ivbvg ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi| Gi Aax‡b 26 bs ‡_‡K
Ges Avš—R©vwZK AvB‡bi Aaxb Ab¨vb¨ Aciv‡ai Rb¨ ‡Kvb ment or disadvantage. 47 (K) bs Aby‡”Q` i‡q‡Q| iv‡óÖi KZ©e¨ GB Aby‡”Q`¸‡jv
mk¯¿ evwnbxi m`m¨ wKsev hy×e›`x‡K AvUK, ‡dŠR`vix‡Z Avgv‡`i msweav‡b ex post facto law m¤úwK©Z Aby‡”Q`wU Aek¨B Kvh©Ki Kiv| 47 (3) Aby‡”Q` ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi
‡mvc`© wKsev `Û`vb Kwievi weavb-msewjZ ‡Kvb AvBb ev n‡jv 35 (1)| hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î ‡Kvb AvBb As‡k c‡o| msweav‡bi 2q fv‡M i‡q‡Q ivóª cwiPvjbvi
AvB‡bi weavb GB msweav‡bi ‡Kvb weav‡bi mwnZ AmgÄm¨ hv‡Z ex post facto Uvg©wUi m‡½ we‡iva bv K‡i ‡mRb¨B gyjbxwZ hvi Aax‡b Av‡Q 8 ‡_‡K 25 bs Aby‡”Q`| ivóÖ
ev Zvnvi cwicš’x, GB Kvi‡Y evwZj ev ‡eAvBbx ewjqv n‡e msweav‡b 47 (3) Aby‡”Q` ‡hvM Kiv nq| cwiPvjbvi gyjbxwZ¸‡jv Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ejer‡hvM¨ bq|
MY¨ nB‡e bv wKsev KLbI evwZj ev ‡eAvBbx nBqv‡Q ewjqv Gevi wd‡i Avwm hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi m¤úwK©Z Kvh©Kix AvBb wKš‘ ‡gŠwjK AwaKvi As‡ki ‡h‡Kvb Aby‡”Q‡`i `vwe iv‡óÖi
MY¨ nB‡e bv|Ó The International crimes (Tribunals) Act, 1973 bvMwiK Ki‡ZB cv‡i| iv‡óÖi bvMwiK wn‡m‡e Avgiv 47 (3)
148
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bs Aby‡”Q` Kvh©Ki Ges ev¯—evq‡bi `vwe Ki‡ZB cvwi| 2(a) avivq| ‡mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q- wKš‘ GLb ch©š— ‡Kvb miKv‡iiB GB B”QvUv
myZivs ‡Rvi Mjvq ej‡Z cvwi, hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi n‡ZB Òauxiliary forcesÓ includes forces placed under the nqwb| ZvB GZ eQi c‡iI hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
n‡e| control of the Armed Forces for operational, admin- nq wb| wZb A¶‡ii `ye©j k‡ãi e¨envi hy×vci-
GLb wd‡i Avwm The International Crimes (Tribunals) istrative, static and other purpose.Ó vax‡`i wePviKvR `xN©vwqZ K‡i‡Q| A_P GLv‡b may k‡ãi
Act 1973 Gi LywUbvwU wel‡q| 1973 mv‡ji GB AvBbwU msÁvi control of the Armed Forces K_vwU g‡b ivwL cwie‡Z© shall A_ev will e¨envi Ki‡j miKvi‡K hy×vci-
hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© GKwU AvBb| Ges cieZ©x‡Z ivRvKvi evwnbx MV‡bi w`‡K `…wócvZ Kwi| vax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ Aek¨B tribunal MVb Ki‡Z n‡Zv|
The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi 1971 mv‡ji 2 AvM÷ ivRvKvi evwnbx MwVZ nq The East Avi tribunal MVb n‡j wbtm‡›`‡n hy×vciva‡`i wePvi m¤¢e|
Jurisdiction A_©vr wePv‡ii GLwZqvi Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q Pakistan Razakars Ordinance, 1972 Gi gva¨‡g| eZ©gvb miKv‡ii Avg‡j hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii welqwU
AvBbwUi 3(1) avivq| ‡mLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q- cieZ©x‡Z 1972 mv‡ji 7 ‡m‡Þ¤^i cvwK¯—vb cÖwZi¶v Av‡jvwPZ welq n‡q `vwo‡q‡Q| wgwWqvq hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
ÒA tribunal shall have the power to try and punish gš¿Yvj‡qi GKwU ‡M‡RU ‡bvwUwd‡Kk‡bi (No. wb‡q e¨vcK Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q| RbmvaviYI Pv‡”Q hy×vci-
any person irrespective of his nationality who, being 4852/583/PS-1y/3659/D-2A) gva¨‡g ivRvKvi evwnbx‡K vax‡`i wePvi ‡nvK|
a member of any armed, defence or auxiliary force mivmwi cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK evwnbxi Aax‡b Avbv nq| ‡M‡RU Avgiv cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Z cvwi- miKvi hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii
commits or has committed, in the territorry of ‡bvwUwd‡Kk‡bi (b) clause wU j¶¨ Kwi- Rb¨ tribunal MVb K‡i hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨e¯’v Ki‡e|
Bangladesh, whether before or after the commence- The officer of the Pakistan Army under whose com- Avi GB KvRwU hw` eZ©gvb miKv‡ii c‡¶ m¤¢e bvI nq
ment of this Act, any of the following crimes.Ó mand any member of the Razakarsis placed shall Zvn‡j Aš—Z GB miKvi ‡hb The International Crimes
DcwiD³ avivwUi `ywU wK j¶¨ Kwi| ejv n‡q‡Q any per- exercise the same powers in relation to that mwm- (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi 6(1) avivq may k‡ãi cwie‡Z©
son irrespective of his nationality Avevi ejv n‡q‡Q ber as he is authorized to exercise under the side shall A_ev will k‡ãi cÖwZ¯’vc‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i hvq| hv‡Z
whether before or after the commencement of this Act in relation to a member of the Pakistan Army cieZ©x‡Z hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii KvR GwM‡q hvq|
Act; A_©vr ‡h‡Kvb ‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡K GB AvB‡bi gva¨‡g place under his command. Av‡jvPbvi me‡k‡l cwi¯‹vi K‡i ejv hvK, ¯^vaxbZvi GZ
wePvi Kiv hv‡e| cvkvcvwk Aciva GB AvBb cÖYq‡bi Av‡M myZivs Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi 1973 mv‡ji AvBbwUi gva¨‡g eQi c‡iI ‡Kb Avgiv hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi PvB| gvbeZvi
wKsev c‡i ‡h mgqB ‡nvK bv ‡Kb, Aciv‡ai wePvi m¤¢e GB ivRvKvi evwnbx, Avj e`i evwnbx Ges Avj kvgm evwnbxi wei“‡× 1971 mv‡j ‡h Aciva msMwVZ n‡qwQj Zvi wePvi
AvB‡bi gva¨‡gB| m`m¨‡`i wePvi Kiv m¤¢e| Ges wkMwMiB GB wePvi KvR Aek¨B cÖZ¨vwkZ| cieZ©x‡Z hv‡Z KL‡bvB G ai‡bi
3(2) avivq ‡ek wKQy ai‡bi Aciv‡ai K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, ïi“ Kiv DwPZ| Aciva msMwVZ bv nq Zv wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi
‡h¸‡jvi Rb¨ GB AvBb Abyhvqx Jurisdiction i‡q‡Q| GB ‡h ch©v‡jvPbv ‡k‡l ejjvg The International Crimes Ki‡Z n‡e| hy×vciv‡ai wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î Limitation Act
G¸‡jv n‡jv (a) Crimes against Humanity (b) Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
against Peace (c) Genocide (d) War crimes (e) m¤¢e, Zvic‡iI ‡Kb GZ eQi n‡q ‡M‡jI hy×vcivax‡`i
Violation of any humanitarian rules applicable in wePvi n‡”Q bv? ‡mUv ixwZg‡Zv eo iK‡gi cÖkœ e‡U| The 5 Rvbyqvwi 2008
armed conflicts laid down in the Geneva Convertion International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi Aax‡b
of 1949 (f) any other crimes under international law hy×vcivax‡`i wePviKvR ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡j tribunal MVb m~Î :
(g) attempt, abetment on conspiracy to commit any Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi ‡mB tribunal MVb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q 1. MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb|
such crimes (h) complicity in our failure to present The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 Gi 6 2. The Bangladesh Collaborators (secial Tribunals)
commission of any such crimes. bs avivq| 6(1) avivq ejv n‡q‡Q- (Amendment) Order 1972
1971 mv‡j cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx ÒFor the purpose of section 3, the Government may,
3. The International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973
evwnbxiv Gi cÖwZwU Aciva K‡i‡Q| myZivs GB AvB‡bi by notification in the official Gazette, set up one or
Aax‡b Zv‡`i wePvi n‡ZB n‡e| 4. Constitutional Law of Bangladesh; Mahmudul Islam
more Tribunals, each consisting of a Chairman and
j¶¨ Kiv hvK msweav‡bi 47(3) aviv Ges The not less than two and not more than four other 5. hy×vciva Ges ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb : evsjv‡`k ‡cÖw¶Z-
International Crimes (Tribunals) Act 1973 `yB members.Ó AvBR¨vK iwebmb/Rv‡f` nvmvb gvngy`
RvqMv‡ZB auxiliary forces Gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GB aux- GLv‡b j¶¨ Ki“b may kãwUi e¨envi| A_©vr miKvi B‡”Q 6. hy×vciva‡`i wePvi Ges evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb : ‡K Gg ‡mvenvb
iliary forces Gi msÁv ‡`qv n‡q‡Q 1973 mv‡ji AvB‡bi Ki‡j GK ev G‡Ki AwaK tribunal MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 7. GKvËy‡ii NvZK‡`i ‡Kb wePvi PvB : Avgvb-D`-‡`Šjv
149
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1971 mv‡ji 16B wW‡m¤^i cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi c¨vivwgwjUvwi (16,354) ev cywjk m`m¨ (5,296)Ges Abyhvqx ch©vß wbivcËv I AwaKvi msi¶Y K‡i AvUK ivLvi
fviZ-evsjv‡`‡ki ‡hŠ_ evwnbxi Kv‡Q AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi c‡i ev`evKx 10,500 wQj wmwfwjqvb (gyjZ: wenvix) hviv gZ AeKvVv‡gv bv _vKvq wm×vš— nq fviZ GB 90,500
cÖvq 90,500 Rb‡K hy×e›`x wnmv‡e AvUK nq| GB cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ hy× K‡i‡Q| (3) hy×e›`x‡K AvUK ivL‡e Ges G‡`i ch©vß wbivcËvmn
hy×e›`x‡`i g‡a¨ wQj cÖvq 80,000 Dw`©avix m`m¨ hvi g‡a¨ fiY‡cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e| GB wm×vš— Abyhvqx
wQj Avwg© (55,692), ‡bfx I Gqvi ‡dvm© (1,800), GB hy×e›`x‡`i m`¨-¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkb hy×e›`x‡`i fvi‡Zi wbKU n¯—vš—i Kiv nq| GB hy×e›`x‡`i
150
m~wPcÎ |
Rb¨ ZLbKvi wnmv‡e cÖwZgv‡m fvi‡Zi LiP wQj e¨vcv‡i m¤§Z nq (8)| D‡j¬L¨ AvUKK…Z cvwK¯—vbx
1,000,000 gvwK©b Wjvi| (4) hy×e›`x‡`i wmsnfvM gyw³hy‡×i mgq AvUK n‡jI wmgjv GB AvwR©‡Z cvwK¯—vb GB 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi
Pyw³‡Z evsjv‡`k ‡Kv‡bv c¶ wQ‡jv bv| Gi cÖavb KviY KZ©…Z¡ `vwe K‡i Zv‡`i Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Z wbi‡c¶ I
GB hy×e›`x‡`i g‡a¨ ‡_‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e cÖvq 1500 Rb‡K wQ‡jv cvwK¯—vb ZL‡bv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‡`qwb Ges ‡hvM¨ wePvi‡Ki gva¨‡g GKwU UÖvBeyb¨vj MV‡bi cÖ¯—ve ‡`q
wPwýZ Kiv n‡jI P~ovš—fv‡e me©‡gvU 195 Rb‡K evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mv‡_ ‡Kvb cÖKvi Av‡jvPbvq ivwR wQ‡jv Ges evsjv‡`‡k MwVZ UÖvBe¨ybv‡ji AvBbMZ wfwË evwZ‡ji
mywbw`©ófv‡e hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q Awfhy³ Kiv nq Ges G‡`i bv| evsjv‡`k wmgjv Pyw³‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvq Ges hy×e›`x‡`i `vwe Rvbvq| gvgjvi g~j bw_ ‡_‡K "Pakistan does not
hy×vciv‡ai Rb¨ wePv‡ii wm×vš— ‡bq ZrKvjxb evsjv‡`k wic¨vwUÖ‡qkb Pvjy Kivi e¨vcv‡i fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q m¤§wZ cÖ`vb accept that India has a right to transfer its prisoner
miKvi| (5) ev`evwK hy×e›`x‡`i cvwK¯—v‡b wdwi‡q ‡bqvi K‡i| (9) of wars for trial to Bangladesh and claims that by
Rb¨ fviZ, evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M Av‡jvPbv virtue of Article VI of genocide convention, persons
ïi“ nq| evsjv‡`k ZLb ¯^vaxb ivóÖ n‡jI GB hy×vci- Gici 1973 mv‡ji 17B GwcÖj fviZ Ges evsjv‡`k GK charged with genocide shall be tried by a
vax‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ Avš—R©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ I mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb ‡hŠ_ ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g we`¨gvb wnDg¨vwbU¨vwiqvb KªvBwmm Competent Tribunal of the state in the territory of
wQ‡jv| ‡gvKv‡ejvq GKwU w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ki‡jv| ‡hŠ_ which the act was committed. This means that
‡NvlYvq ejv n‡jv "they are resolved to continue their Pakistan has exclusive jurisdiction to the custody of
cvwK¯—vb ZL‡bv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡iwb Ges efforts to reduce tension, promote friendly and har- persons accused of the crimes of genocide, since
cvwK¯—v‡bi wgÎ ivóÖ Px‡bi cÖ`Ë ‡f‡Uvi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k monious relationship in the sub-continent and work at the time acts are alleged to have been commit-
ZL‡bv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c`I jvf K‡i bvB| 1972 mv‡ji together towards the establishment of a durable ted, the territory of East Pakistan was universally
AvMó gv‡m Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` ‡`qvi peace". GB ‡NvlYvi gva¨‡gB 195 Rb wPwýZ hy×vcivax recognised as part of Pakistan.
e¨vcv‡i Avbv cÖ¯—v‡ei wec‡¶ ‡f‡Uv ‡`q| GwU wQj Px‡bi Qvov ev`evwK mKj hy×e›`xi cvwK¯—v‡b wic¨vwUÖ‡qk‡bi c_
RvwZms‡N cÖ`Ë cÖ_g ‡f‡Uv| (6) Db¥y³ n‡jv (9, 10)| GKB w`b ‡iwWI evsjv‡`‡ki GK ....That a competent tribunal means a Tribunal of
‡NvlYvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k 195 R‡bi wePv‡ii e¨vcv‡i impartial judges, applying international law, and
GB Ae¯’vq 1973 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡m evsjv‡`k hLb Zv‡`i Abo Ae¯’vb cybe¨©³ Ki‡jv| (11) permitting the accused to be defended by counsel
AvbyôvwbK fv‡e 1500 Rb hy×vcivax ‡_‡K 195 Rb‡K of their choice. ..... in the atmosphere of hatred that
mywbw`©ó hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii D‡`¨vM wbj Ges RyjvB evsjv‡`k GB wePvi cÖwKªqv ïi“i Rb¨ 195 Rb hy×vcivax‡K prevails in Bangladesh, such a competent tribunal
gv‡m msm‡` "International Crimes Act 1973" cvk evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q AvbyôvwbKfv‡e n¯—vš—‡ii Rb¨ Aby‡iva cannot be created in practice....." (11)
Ki‡jv ZLb cvwK¯—vb GB wePv‡ii ‰eaZv wb‡q cÖkœ Zyj‡jv| K‡i Ges fviZ ‡mB cÖ¯—v‡e m¤§wZ Ávcb K‡i| GB Ae¯’vq
(7) cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡Z GwU ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbk‡bi jsNb ‡Kbbv cvwK¯—vb fviZ KZ©…K cvwK¯—vbx bvMwiK GB 195 Rb‡K cvwK¯—vb GB AvwR©‡Z my‡KŠk‡j ‡hwU Gwo‡q hvq ‡mwU n‡jv
evsjv‡`k ZL‡bv RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ivóÖ bq| ‡R‡bfv evsjv‡`k (hvi mve©‡fŠg Aw¯—Z¡‡K ZL‡bv cvwK¯—vb ¯^xKvi 26‡k gvP© evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYv Ges 17B GwcÖj
Kb‡fbk‡bi AvwU©‡Kj 5, 6 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki GB wePvi K‡ibv) n¯—vš—‡ii cwiKíbvi cÖwZev` K‡i Ges AvU‡Kcov evsjv‡`‡ki miKv‡ii AvbyôvwbK kc_ MÖnY| Gi d‡j
cÖwKªqvi D‡`¨v‡Mi ‡Kvb mgm¨v wQ‡jvbv| evsjv‡`k cvwK¯— evsjv‡`kx bvMwiK‡`i cYe›`x wnmv‡e e¨env‡ii ûgwK ‡`q| hy×vciva msNUb nevi ¯’j c~e©-cvwK¯—vb cvwK¯—v‡bi Aš—f©~³
v‡bi `vwe cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Avš—R©vwZK we‡klÁ‡`i GB wePvi (7) Ges ‡mB myev‡` mKj hy×e›`xi KZ©…Z¡, cvwK¯—v‡bi GB
cÖwKªqvi ¯^”QZv Ges wbi‡c¶Zv ch©‡e¶Y Kivi Avgš¿Y `vwei AvBbMZ wfwË wQj `ye©j| Ab¨Zg cÖavb hyw³ wQj
Rvbvq| cvwK¯—vb GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cvwK¯—v‡b GiciI evsjv‡`k wePvi cÖwKªqv Pvjvevi e¨vcv‡i Abo RvwZms‡Ni ZZw`‡b evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb ivóÖ wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ
AvU‡Kcov 400,000 evOvjx‡K ¯^‡`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi AbygwZ Ae¯’v‡b _vK‡j 1973 mv‡ji 11B ‡g cvwK¯—vb GB 195 cÖ`vb bv Kiv|
w`‡Z A¯^xKvi K‡i| (7) Rb hy×vcivax‡K (cvwK¯—v‡bi fvlvq hy×e›`x) fviZ KZ©…K
evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q n¯—vš—‡ii wec‡¶ Ges GB evsjv‡`k B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷m gvgjvwU ïbvwbi Rb¨ MÖnY
cvwK¯—v‡bi Ae¯’vb eyS‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i GKUy ‡cQb wd‡i miKvi KZ©…K cÖ¯—vweZ wePvi cÖwKªqv ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbk‡bi K‡i Ges fviZ-cvwK¯—vb Dfq c¶‡K Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq
ZvKv‡Z n‡e| 1972 Gi 2 RyjvB fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x Ges jsNb D‡j¬L K‡i B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷‡m GKwU WKy‡g›U cÖ`vb Kivi wb‡`©k `vb K‡i| GB gvgjvwU
cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W‡›Ui g‡a¨ GKwU Pyw³ mv¶wiZ nq ‡hwU gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| gvgjvi bw_ b¤^i 426| GB gvgjvi evsjv‡`‡k hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“ Kievi ‡¶‡Î wKQyUv
"wmgjv Pyw³" bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx fviZ I AvwR©‡Z cvwK¯—vb miKvi ‡n‡M Aew¯’Z B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© n‡jI AwbðqZv m…wó K‡i| (12)
cvwK¯—vb wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ mKj cÖKvi hy×-weev` Gi Ae Rvw÷‡mi Kv‡Q GB n¯—vš—i cÖwKªqv eÜ Kivi wb‡`©k `vb
AvbyôvwbK mgvwß ‡NvlYv K‡i `yBc‡¶i Kv‡QB AvUKK…Z Ges evsjv‡`‡k cÖ¯—vweZ wePvi cÖwKªqv‡K A‰ea ‡NvlYvi `vwe cvwK¯—vb GB gvgjv Ki‡jI fvi‡Zi mv‡_ hy×e›`x
hy×e›`x I AvU‡K cov bvMwiK‡`i wewbgq Kg©m~wP Pvjyi Rvbvq| (12) cÖZ¨c©‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbv Pvwj‡q ‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges wecix‡Z
151
m~wPcÎ |
evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii Rb¨ UÖvBey¨bvj GB Pyw³ ‡gvZv‡eK mKj hy×e›`xi cÖZ¨c©Y m¤úbœ nevi ci ey‡gwW‡q‡bi mn‡hvwMZvq cvwK¯—vb I
MV‡bi cÖwKªqv ïi“ K‡i| Gi cÖv_wgK avc wnmv‡e msm‡` evsjv‡`k Ges cvwK¯—vb cÖ_gev‡ii gZ mivmwi Av‡jvPbvi evsjv‡`‡ki ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb mgm¨v mgvav‡b
M…nxZ International Crimes Act 1973 evsjv‡`k gva¨‡g 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi fvM¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z m¤§Z nq| GKwU D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv nq| evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi
miKvi‡K evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK QvovI ‡h ‡Kvb ‡`‡ki GB welqwU wb¯úwËi AvM ch©š— GB hy×vcivaxiv fvi‡Zi g‡a¨ mgm¨vi gy‡j wQj 195 Rb hy×vcivax hv‡`i wePv‡i
bvMwiK‡K hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i| ZË¡veav‡b _vK‡e| 13B ‡m‡Þ¤^i 1973 ‡_‡K w`wj¬ Pyw³ evsjv‡`k `…pcÖwZÁ wQ‡jv Ges GRb¨ ZL‡bv cvwK¯—vb
International Crimes Act Gi g~j Kwc ‡_‡K
Abhvqx hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©Y Ges AvU‡Kcov bvMwiK wewbgq evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i bvB| Avi cvwK¯—v‡bi wgÎ
ïi“ nq| (9) wnmv‡e Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ wnmv‡e ‡hvM`v‡b
"It gives Bangladesh the power to try and punish ‡f‡Uv cÖ`vb Ki‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Pxb cybivq Rvwb‡q ‡`q
any person irrespective of his nationality, who, evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ""After resolution of the war trials issue, Peking will
being a member of any armed, defence or auxiliary evsjv‡`k‡K cÖ_gev‡ii gZ GKwU eo gv‡ci Avš—R©vwZK recognise Dacca, and the way will be open for
forces commits or has committed, in the territory of ms¯’vq wi‡cÖ‡R›U Kivi my‡hvM cvb Avj‡Rwiqvi ivRavbx Bangladesh to be admitted to the United Nations"
Bangladesh, whether before or after the com- AvjwRqv‡m© AbywôZ b¨vg (bb G¨vjv‡qÝ gyf‡g›U) m‡¤§j‡b| (18)|
mencement of this Act, any of the following Gi gv‡S Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Z 195 Rb hy×vcivax n¯—vš—i
crimes… namely crimes against humanity, crimes wel‡q fvi‡Zi wec‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi gvgjvi mKj KvMRcÎ
against peace, genocide, war crimes, violations of
humanitarian rules applicable in armed conflicts laid
cvwK¯—vb GB gvgjv Ki‡jI fvi‡Zi mv‡_ Rgv ‡`evi ZvwiL 15B wW‡m¤^i 1973 ‡_‡K 17B ‡g 1974
ch©š— ewa©Z Kiv n‡jI hy×vcivax mgm¨v wbim‡b Avie jxM
down in the Geneva Convention of 1949 and any hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡jvPbv Pvwj‡q ‡bZ…e…‡›`i ‡bIqv D‡`¨v‡Mi d‡j cvwK¯—vb Avš—R©vwZK
other crimes under international law." (13)
‡h‡Z _v‡K Ges wecix‡Z evsjv‡`k 195 Av`vjZ ‡_‡K gvgjvwU cÖZ¨vnv‡ii wm×vš— ‡bq| 1973
mv‡ji 14B wW‡m¤^i Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Zi ‡iwR÷ªv‡ii
Gi gv‡S B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷m 1973 mv‡ji
13B RyjvB GKwU msw¶ß ‡mk‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi `v‡qi Kiv
Rb hy×vcivaxi wePv‡ii Rb¨ UÖvBey¨bvj Kv‡Q GKwU wPwV‡Z cvwK¯—vb gvgjvwU Avi bv Pvjvevi wm×vš—
Rvbvq Ges gvgjvwU Avš—R©vwZK Av`vj‡Zi wePvivaxb
gvgjvwU Av‡`Š B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvw÷‡mi AvIZvi MV‡bi cÖwKªqv ïi“ K‡i gvgjvi ZvwjKv ‡_‡K ev` ‡`evi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Rvbvq| GB
g‡a¨ c‡o wKbv Zv wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ cvwK¯—vb‡K 1 A‡±vei Av‡e`‡bi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡KvU© Ae Rvwóm 15 B
1973 Ges fviZ‡K Zvi Reve ‡`evi Rb¨ 15B wW‡m¤^i wW‡m¤^i 1973 GK Av‡`‡ki gva¨‡g, Av‡`k bs - 393,
1973 ch©š— mgq ‡eu‡a ‡`q| (14) 1973 mv‡ji 5-9 ‡m‡Þ¤^i AbywôZ GB m‡¤§j‡b we‡k¦i GB gvgjvwU evwZj ‡NvlYv K‡i Ges ZvwjKv ‡_‡K ev`
Ab¨vb¨ ivóÖcÖavb we‡kl K‡i gymwjg ‡`k¸wji mv‡_ ‡`Iqvi wm×vš— ‡bq| (14)
cvwK¯—vb gvgjvwU g~jZ fviZ‡K Pv‡c ‡djvi Rb¨ Ki‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU ‡hvMv‡hvM ¯’vwcZ nq| HwZn¨MZfv‡e
gvgjvwU Pvjv‡Z Drmvnx wQ‡jv bv| Gi PvB‡Z Zviv wØc¶xq cÖvq mKj gymwjg ‡`kB b¨vg Gi m`m¨ivóÖ ZvB RvwZms‡Ni Avš—R©vwZK Av`vjZ ‡_‡K cvwK¯—v‡bi gvgjvwU cÖZ¨vnv‡ii
Av‡jvPbvi w`‡K ‡ewk ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb K‡i| hw`I cÖK…Zc‡¶ m`m¨ bv nevi ciI evsjv‡`k‡K b¨vg Gi m`m¨c` cÖ`vb wm×vš— Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i GKwU eo K~U‰bwZK mvdj¨
Av‡jvPbv nw”Qj wÎgyLx| fviZ Avi cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ Kiv nq| (16) e‡j we‡ewPZ nq Ges Gi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi
Av‡jvPbvi cvkvcvwk ‡mB Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i Av‡jvPbv ga¨Kvi we`¨gvb mgm¨v fvi‡Zi ga¨¯’Zv e¨ZxZ mivmwi
nw”Qj fviZ Avi evsjv‡`‡ki g‡a¨| GB m‡¤§j‡b Avie ‡bZ…e…‡›`i mv‡_ ‡kL gywR‡ei djcÖm~ evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mgvav‡bi
Av‡jvPbv nq Ges Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` evsjv‡`k‡K we`¨gvb D‡`¨vM ‡bqv nq| Gevi Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` cvwK¯—v‡bi Dci
Ae‡k‡l fviZ I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨ 19 w`be¨vcx Av‡jvPbvi A_©‰bwZK msKU I ‡`k cybM©V‡b me©‡Zvfv‡e mnvqZvi Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡ib evsjv‡`k‡K AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ `vb Kivi
ci evsjv‡`‡ki m¤§wZ‡Z 28‡k AvM÷ 1973 w`wj¬‡Z Avk¦vm ‡`q| GiB m~Î a‡i Ky‡qZ miKvi evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨| Gi Rev‡e RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Æv Rvbvb ‡h evsjv‡`k
GKwU Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx fviZ evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ‡K Pv½v Kivi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ‡K›`Öxq e¨vs‡K 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wei“‡× AvbxZ Awf‡hvM cÖZ¨vnvi
I cvwK¯—vb GB wZb ‡`‡ki g‡a¨ hy×e›`x cÖZ¨c©Y I GKwU wbw`©ó cwigv‡Y ¯^Y© gRy` iv‡L| GB Av‡jvPbv I Ki‡jB ‡KejgvÎ cvwK¯—vb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‡`‡e|
AvU‡Kcov bvMwiK‡`i wewbgq Awej‡¤^ ïi“ Kivi wm×vš— mn‡hvwMZvi ‡ik a‡iB 73 cieZ©x NUbvcÖev‡n Avie jxM
nq| GB ‡¶‡ÎI evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivax e¨ZxZ ‡bZ…ey‡›`i mwKªq AskMÖnY j¶¨ Kiv hvq| (17) GB K~U‰bwZK D‡`¨vM Av‡iv MwZ jvf K‡i 1974 mv‡ji
ev`evwK cvwK¯—vbx hy×e›`x‡`i cÖZ¨c©‡Y m¤§Z nq Ges 195 22-24‡k ‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—v‡bi jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm
Rb‡K hy×vciv‡ai `v‡q wePv‡ii m¤§yLxb Ki‡Z Abo _v‡K| wgk‡ii ZrKvjxb ‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ kxl© m‡¤§jb‡K ‡K›`Ö K‡i| evsjv‡`k ZL‡bv IAvBwmi
(15) ‡mŠw` Avi‡ei ivRv dqmvj, Avj‡Rwiqvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U m`m¨ bq| cÖvq mKj m`m¨ iv‡óÖi m¤§wZ _vKv m‡Z¡I
152
m~wPcÎ |
(Bivb, Zyi¯‹ I cvwK¯—vb e¨ZxZ), cvwK¯—v‡bi AvcwËi ingvb Gevi ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x wnmv‡e cvwK¯—v‡bi charges against 195 Pakistani officers
Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki IAvBwmi m`m¨c` AwbðqZvi g‡a¨ gvwU‡Z cv iv‡Lb| (20) held prisoner in India. Mujib promised
c‡o| Gi g‡a¨ wgk‡ii ‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`vZ, ‡mŠw` also to do "my bit" to reconcile Pakistan and
ivRv dqmvj Ges RW©v‡bi ivRv û‡mB‡bi D‡`¨v‡M mvZwU jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡bvqvi India, a task that would tax even Henry Kissinger."
gymwjg ‡`‡ki cÖwZwbwa XvKv mdi K‡ib 195 Rb hy×vci- mv`vZ, ‡mŠw` Avi‡ei ivRv dqmvj Ges cvwK¯—v‡bi (23)
vaxi wePv‡ii D‡`¨vM ‡_‡K m‡i Avmvi Rb¨ ‡kL gywReyi cÖavbgš¿x RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi mv‡_ AvbyôvwbK ‰eVK
ingvb‡K ivwR Kiv‡Z| wKš‘ ‡kL gywReyi ingvb AbywôZ nq| Gi gv‡S cvwK¯—vb jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b 195 Rb ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cÖwZkÖywZ‡K ev¯—‡e iƒc ‡`evi Rb¨
cÖv_wgKfv‡e ‡Kvb kZ©mv‡c‡¶ cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ MÖn‡Y hy×vcivaxi gyw³i Rb¨ AvbyôvwbKfv‡e GKwU cÖ¯—ve ‡ck jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡bi ciciB GKwU msw¶ß md‡i evsjv‡`‡k
A¯^xKvi K‡ib Ges GB wel‡q Av‡iv Av‡jvPbv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j K‡i Ges Gi mc‡¶ K~U‰bwZK ZrciZv ïi“ K‡i| (19, 22) Av‡mb Av‡bvqvi mv`vZ Ges Avj‡Rwiqvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U nDwi
AwfgZ ‡`b| Gici GB cÖwZwbwa`j ‰eVK K‡ib cvwK¯— jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi K~U‰bwZK cÖ‡Póvi d‡j Avie ey‡gw`b (Houri Boummedine)| K‡qK N›Uvi GB md‡i
v‡bi cÖavbgš¿x RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi mv‡_| Zviv ‡mLv‡b jxM ‡bZ…e…›` 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi gyw³i e¨vcv‡i Zviv ‡kL gywRei ingv‡bi KvQ ‡_‡K 195 Rb hy×vci-
‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Ae¯’vb Rvbvb Ges hy×vcivax mgm¨v bxwZMZfv‡e m¤§Z nq Ges G e¨vcv‡i ‡kL gywReyi vax‡`i wei“‡× PvR© cÖZ¨vnv‡ii e¨vcv‡i cybivq cÖwZkÖywZ jvf
mgvav‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b AskMÖn‡Yi ingv‡bi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv ïi“ K‡i| Gi ‡ik a‡i wgk‡ii K‡ib| Gi wewbg‡q Zviv evsjv‡`k‡K A_©‰bwZK mvnvh¨
¸i“Z¡ Zy‡j a‡ib| (19, 21) ‡cÖwm‡W›U Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ‡`evi cÖwZkÖywZ ‡`b| evsjv‡`‡k ZLb Pig A_©‰bwZK g›`v
I `ywf©¶ve¯’v Pj‡Q| Gi GKwU eo KviY wQ‡jv 1973
Gi g‡a¨ Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…›` jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm kxl© mv‡ji 31 ‡k wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K hy×weaŸ¯— evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨
m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡ki Dci Pvc cÖ‡qvM K‡i RvwZms‡Ni Pjgvb United Nations Relief Organization
wKš‘ cvwK¯—vb ¯^xK…wZ bv w`‡j IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM bv BwZnv‡mi N…Y¨Zg hy×vciva msNUb in Bangladesh (UNROB) Kvh©Kªg eÜ n‡q hvIqv| (19,
‡`evi bxwZMZ wm×vš— evsjv‡`k cybivq Rvwb‡q ‡`q| (20) 24)
Kivi ciI, Zv‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨
GB Ae¯’vq Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i mv‡_ ‡kl gyû‡Z©i
Av‡jvPbvq A‡bKUv bvUKxqfv‡e 1974 mv‡ji 22‡k
cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBb _vKv m‡Z¡I Ges Avie jxM I gymwjg ‡bZ…e…›`‡K cÖwZkÖywZ w`‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki
c‡¶ ZLb wgÎ ‡`k ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb Ges fvi‡Zi m¤§wZ
‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—vb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg ivóÖ mKj cÖgvYvw` _vKvi ciI gyw³ ‡c‡q e¨ZxZ GZ eo GKwU cÖavb wm×vš— ‡bqv KwVb wQj| GB
wnmv‡e AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| GKB w`b Bivb Ae¯’vq ‡kL gywRe wPwKrmvi D‡Ï‡k¨ g‡¯‹v hvb 1974 Gi
Ges Zyi¯‹I evsjv‡`k‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| ‡Mj 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax gvP© gv‡m| ‡mLv‡b `yB mßvn Ae¯’vb K‡i wPwKrmvKvjxb
(21) Z‡e cvwK¯—vb ¯^xK…wZ w`‡jI hy×vcivax mgm¨v mgvavb mg‡q hy×vcivax‡`i e¨vcv‡i ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi wMÖb
bv nIqv ch©š— Pxb evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ `v‡b A¯^xK…wZ wmMb¨vj cvevi ci wZwb m¤§wZ cvevi ci wZwb ‡`‡k
Rvbvq| Gi gva¨‡g cvwK¯—vb Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i Ges RyjwdKvi Avjx f~‡Ævi g‡a¨ GKwU ‰eVK AbywôZ nq| ‡d‡ib| g‡¯‹v ‡_‡K wd‡i GKwU msw¶ß md‡i wZwb w`wj¬
K~U‰bwZK cÖ‡Póvq ‡KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xK…wZ ‰eV‡K ‡kL gywRe 195 Rb hy×vcivax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨vcv‡i hvb (2) GB e¨vcv‡i ZrKvjxb fviZxq cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv
w`‡qI Px‡bi gva¨‡g hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi cÖwKªqv ‡_‡K m‡i Zvi Abo Ae¯’vb ‡_‡K m‡i Avmvi cÖwZkÖywZ cÖ`vb K‡ib MvÜxi civg‡k©i Rb¨| fviZ I ‡mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi
bv Avmv ch©š— RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c` jvf Kivi e¨vcviwU Ges ‡`‡k wd‡i G e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c ‡bevi K_v AbvcwËi ci, ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi IAvBwm m‡¤§j‡b Ges
AvU‡K iv‡L| Rvbvb| Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi GB D‡`¨vM Gi mvdj¨ wb‡q Avie jxM ‡bZ…e…‡›`i Kv‡Q Kiv cÖwZkÖywZ c~i‡Y Avi ‡Kvb
1974 mv‡ji 11B ‡g GKwU wbeÜ cÖKvk K‡i hvi UvB‡Uj evav _v‡K bv| e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ïay ‡hB KvRwU
22 ‡k ‡deÖyqvix cvwK¯—v‡bi ¯^xK…wZ jvf Kivi ci wQ‡jv "The Return of the Magician"| UvBg ‡_‡K D×…wZ K‡ibwb ‡mwU n‡jv evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li gZvgZ ‡bqv Ges
evsjv‡`‡ki GKB w`b ‡_‡K jv‡nv‡i AbywôZe¨ IAvBwm kxl© "In the most dramatic event of the summit, howev- GB e¨vcv‡i msm‡`I ‡Kvb wej DÌvwcZ nqwb|
m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`qv‡Z Avi ‡Kvb evav _v‡K bv| GB Ae¯’vq er, Sadat was able to reconcile Pakistan's Premier
22‡k ‡dÖeÖyqvix mKv‡j Ky‡q‡Zi Avgx‡ii fvB Ky‡q‡Zi Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Bangladesh Premier Sheik GB cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z evsjv‡`k fviZ I cvwK¯—v‡bi g‡a¨
ciivóÖgš¿xi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg ‡`k¸‡jvi GKwU cÖwZwbwa`j Mujibur Rahman, who have been enemies since weivRgvb mgm¨v¸wj‡K mgav‡bi j‡¶¨ 1974 mv‡ji 5B
GKwU we‡kl wegv‡b K‡i XvKv Av‡mb Ges e½eÜy ‡kL Bangladesh split off from Pakistan two years ago. GwcÖj ‡_‡K bqvw`wj¬‡Z GB wZb ‡`‡ki ciivóÖgš¿x‡`i
gywReyi ingvb‡K GmKU© K‡i jv‡nv‡i wb‡q hvb IAvBwm Bhutto solemnly recognized the independence of ‰eVK ïi“ nq| ‰eV‡K evsjv‡`‡ki c‡¶ cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib
kxl© m‡¤§j‡b ‡hvM ‡`evi Rb¨| 1971 Gi gyw³hy‡×i Pakistan's former east wing, while Sheik Mujib hint- ciivóÖgš¿x W. Kvgvj ‡nv‡mb, fvi‡Zi c‡¶ kiY wms Ges
mgqKv‡j cvwK¯—v‡b ivóÖe›`x wnmv‡e AvUK ‡kL gywReyi ed that he will no longer press wartime atrocity cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ AvwRR Avn‡g`| 5 w`b e¨vcx Avjvc
153
m~wPcÎ |
Av‡jvPbv Pjvi ci 1974 mv‡ji 9 GwcÖj HwZnvwmK ‡`‡ki Rb‡Mvôxi GKwU eo Ask we‡kl K‡i hviv gyw³hy‡× and Pakistan for normalisation of
wÎc¶xq Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq ‡hwU "TRIPARTITE AGREE- wcÖqRb nvwi‡q‡Qb Ges mwKªqfv‡e gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY relations in the subcontinent. New
MENT" bv‡g ‡ewk cwiwPZ| GB Pyw³‡Z 195 Rb hy×vci- K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q GB 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx hy×vcivax‡`i Delhi, April 9, 1974.
vax‡`i wePv‡ii e¨vcviwU wb®úwËi cvkvcvwk GB wZb ‡`‡k ¶gvi welqwU e¨vcK nZvkv I ‡bwZevPK cÖwZwKªqvi m…wó 10. AHMED, Ziauddin. The case of Bangladesh :
AvU‡K cov bvMwiK‡`i cÖZ¨c©‡Yi e¨vcv‡iI wm×vš— nq| K‡i| we‡kl K‡i ZrKjxb evgcš’x msMVb¸wj GB wm×v‡š— bringing to. trial the perpetrators of the 1971. geno-
i ZxeÖ we‡ivwaZv K‡i| (25) cide. Page 103
GB wÎc¶xq Pyw³ Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi 11. International court of Justice, Proceedings of
wei“‡× Avbv mKj PvR© "as an act of clemency" ev GB HwZnvwmK NUbvwU‡K DcRxe¨ K‡i UvBg g¨vMvwRb Trial of Pakistani Prisoners of War (India vs
"`qvkxjZv I ¶gvi gnZ¡" ‡`wL‡q cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i ‡bq| g~j 1974 mv‡ji 22 ‡k GwcÖj "End of a Bad Dream" bv‡g Pakistan)
Pyw³ ‡_‡K D×…wZ "In the light of the foregoing and, in GKwU wi‡cvU© cÖKvk K‡i| ‡mLv‡b jv‡nvi m‡¤§j‡bi c‡i 12. International court of Justice, Trial of Pakistani
particular, having regard to the appeal of the Prime GB Pyw³wU‡K GKwU ¯^vfvweK cÖwZwKªqv wnmv‡e D‡j¬L Ki‡jI Prisoners of War, Oral Arguments - Minutes of the
Minister of Pakistan to the people of Bangladesh to evsjv‡`‡ki 195 Rb hy×vcivaxi wei“‡× PvR© cÖZ¨vnvi‡K Public Sittings held at the Peace Palace, The Hague,
forgive and forget the mistakes of the past, the GKwU eo Qvo wnmv‡e D‡j¬L Kiv nq| GKB wi‡cv‡U© from 4 to 26 June 1973
Foreign Minister of Bangladesh stated that the fvi‡Zi ciivóÖgš¿x kiY wms‡K D×…Z K‡i ‡jLv nq "The 13. Act No.XIX of 1973 (published in the
Government of Bangladesh has decided not to pro- trials, tribulations and conflicts of our subcontinent Bangladesh Gazette, Extra, on July 20, 1973): An
ceed with the trials as an act of clemency. It was will become a thing of the past—something of a Act to provide for the detention, prosecution
agreed that the 195 prisoners of war may be repa- bad dream that is best forgotten."| (2) and punishment of persons for genocide, crimes
triated to Pakistan along with the other prisoners of against humanity, war crimes and other crimes
war now in process of repatriation under the Delhi wKš‘ Avm‡jB wK Avgiv GB bad dream ‡K fyj‡Z ‡c‡iwQ under international law.
Agreement." (9) bvwK ‡fvjv DwPZ? gyw³hy‡× knx` j¶ j¶ evsjv‡`kx, 14. International court of Justice, Trial of Pakistani
awl©Z I wbh©vwZZ nvRvi nvRvi gv ‡evb, ‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i Prisoners of War, Official Order of 15 December
Gi wecix‡Z cvwK¯—v‡bi ciivóÖgš¿x K…Z hy×vciv‡ai Rb¨ ¶gv K‡iv| Avgiv mn‡RB A‡bK wKQyB fy‡j hvB| 1973, bw_ bs 393
evsjv‡`‡ki Kv‡Q `ytL cÖKvk K‡ib hvi gva¨‡g hy×vciv‡ai ‡Zvgv‡`i Dci Kiv cvkweK exfrmZvi wePvi Avgiv Ki‡Z 15. Time, Monday September 17, 1973
e¨vcviwU‡K ¯^xKvi K‡i ‡bqv nq ‡hwU cvwK¯—vb miKvi cvwiwb| ‡Zvgv‡`i GB A_e© mš—vb‡`i ¶gv K‡iv| 16. The Non-aligned World, University of California,
A¯^xKvi K‡i AvmwQ‡jv| Avev‡iv g~j Pyw³ ‡_‡K D×…wZ Page 396
"The Minister of State for Defense and Foreign Z_¨m~Î 17. Bengal and Bangladesh: Politics and Culture on
Affairs of the Government of Pakistan said that his the Golden Delta By Elliot Tepper, Glen Alexander
Government condemned and deeply regretted any 1. http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/91.htm Hayes, Page 101
crimes that may have been committed"| ‰eV‡K 2. End of a Bad Dream, Time, Monday April 22, 1974 18. The Observer, London, 24 February 1974
cvwK¯—v‡bi ciivóÖgš¿x Dcgnv‡`‡ki ‡`k¸wji ga¨Kvi 3. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971 19. Asian Tribune, 9 August 2007
weivRgvb GKwU Kó`vqK Aa¨v‡qi mgvwßi gyj K…wZZ¡ cÖ`vb 4. Time, Monday September 17, 1973 20. Bangladesh and the OIC, Syed Muazzem Ali,
K‡ib e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb‡K| (In a magnanimous 5. Bangladesh in 1972: Nation Building in a New State The Daily Star supplement, February 19, 2006
gesture, Pakistan's Foreign Minister Ahmed gave Rounaq Jahan, Asian Survey, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Feb., 21. South Asia in World Politics By Devin T.
chief credit for bringing an end to a "painful chap- 1973), pp. 199-210 Hagerty, page 73
ter" in South Asia's history to Bangladesh's Prime 6. China, the Soviet Union, and the Subcontinental Balance 22. The Economist, London, 2 March 1974
Minister Sheik Mujibur Rahman.)| (2) Sheldon W. Simon, Asian Survey, Vol. 13, No. 7 23. The Return of the Magician, Time, Monday,
(Jul., 1973), pp. 647-658 Mar. 11, 1974
Gfv‡eB BwZnv‡mi N…Y¨Zg hy×vciva msNUb Kivi ciI, 7. The weakness in the International Protection of 24. Bangladesh in 1974: Economic Crisis and Political
Zv‡`i wePv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBb _vKv m‡Z¡I Ges mKj Minority Rights, Javaid Rahman, Kluwer Law Polarization, Talukder Maniruzzaman
cÖgvYvw` _vKvi ciI gyw³ ‡c‡q ‡Mj 195 Rb cvwK¯—vbx International, Page 96-97 Asian Survey, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Feb., 1975), pp. 117-128
hy×vcivax| 1974 Gi 30‡k GwcÖ‡ji g‡a¨ mKj hy×vcivax 8. wmgjv Pyw³, GLv‡b †`Lyb Ges Av‡iv GKwU wjsK 25. The. Case of Bangladesh: Bringing to Trial the
fviZ ‡_‡K cvwK¯—v‡b ‡diZ ‡Mj| 9. Tripartite Agreement between India, Bangladesh Perpetrators of the 1971 Genocide, Page no. 105-106
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Kv‡`i wmwÏKxi `y®‹…wZKvix gyw³‡hv×v nZ¨vi mivmwi gywR‡ei K_v I Kv‡R ‡h cwieZ©b Avm‡Q Zvi cÖ_g cÖgvY nvRvi 96 Rb‡K ‡`Iqv nq ‡eKmyi Lvjvm| g…Zy¨`‡Û `wÊZ
m¤cÖPvi, ‡`‡ki evB‡i _vKv ‡Mvjvg Avhg I Ab¨vb¨ ‡g‡j '72 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS| 6 ‡g Av‡gwiKvb eÖWKvw÷s nq gvÎ GKRb ivRvKvi!
¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivaxiv evsjv‡`‡ki ‡bwZevPK cÖPviYvq mdjfv‡e K‡c©v‡ikb (Gwewm)‡Z GK wUwf mv¶vrKv‡i wZwb hy×vci-
e¨envi K‡i| Ges ‡mB hyw³ ‡`wL‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wbi¯¿ vax‡`i cÖm‡½ e‡jb, 'Avwg Aek¨B Zv‡`i wePvi Kie, G Z_¨m~Î : GKvˇii NvZK `vjvjiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq
156
m~wPcÎ |
: AveŸy, AvR hw` GB wel‡q wKQy ej‡Z| GB ‡h mevB Zviv wbixn gvbyl‡K a‡i a‡i ‡g‡i ‡d‡jwQj, Zviv gvby‡li miKvi Rv‡b ‡h GB gvgjv¸‡jv cÖwZwôZ Kiv hv‡e bv, ZLb
ej‡Q ‡`‡k hy×vcivax ‡bB, Ges G‡`i e¨vcv‡i AvMÖnx ‡h Nievwo jyUcvU K‡iwQj, Zviv wewfbœ RvqMvq Av¯—vbv Mvov gvgjv¸‡jv ‡_‡K ‡eKmyi Lvjvm cv‡e ivRvKviiv, Zvici
‡KD gvgjv Ki‡Z cvi‡e, GB wel‡q GKUy eywS‡q `vI| gyw³hy×v‡`i Lei cvwK¯—vbx‡`i Kv‡Q ‡cuŠ‡Q w`‡qwQj| GUv Zviv eyK dywj‡q Pj‡e| Zv‡`i‡K Avi hy×vcivax ejv hv‡e
:: G wel‡q K_v ej‡Z n‡j, ‡Zvgv‡K Av‡M wKQy cÖkœ Kwi| ‡QvULv‡Uv hy×vciva bv, wbixn gvbyl‡K Lyb Kiv Lye e‡ov bv|
Zywg ej‡Zv Avgv‡`i ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q K‡e? Avgv‡`i Aciva| Zviv GB Aciv‡a Acivax|
: Zvn‡j, Kx Avi Kiv? G‡`i kvw¯— n‡e wKfv‡e?
¯^vaxbZv w`em ‡KvbwU?
: wVK Av‡Q, eySjvg GB K_vwUI| wKš‘ miKvi ‡Zv ej‡QB :: GLv‡bB ‡Zv cy‡iv kqZvwb| wePvi Ki‡Z n‡e miKvi‡K,
: Avgiv 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© ¯^vaxb n‡qwQ| 26 gvP©B ‡h G‡`i wei“‡× gvgjv K‡i w`‡Z ‡h KvD‡K| GgbwK gvgjv Ki‡Z n‡e miKvi‡K, GUv Zviv ej‡Q bv| a‡iv GB
Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv w`em| IivI ‡Zv GB K_v ej‡Q| ‡h ‡MÖ‡bW nvgjv n‡jv G‡Zv¸‡jv, GB ‡h wewfbœ ¯’vb ‡_‡K
:: ¸W, Zvn‡j ‡`L, Avgv‡`i ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q 26 gvP©, :: hviv GUv ej‡Q, Zviv Lye ‡KŠk‡j Zv‡`i bó welqwU‡K Bqvev D×vi n‡”Q, GB gvgjv¸‡jv wK gvbyl K‡i‡Q, Zvn‡j
1971 mv‡j| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i‡K Av‡iv 9 gvm hy× Ki‡Z ÷vewjk Ki‡Q| ‡Zvgv‡K GKUv D`vniY ‡`B| K‡qK eQi G‡`i ai‡Q ‡Kb?
n‡q‡Q| Gi gv‡b n‡jv, GB 9 gvm hviv Avgv‡`i mv‡_ hy× Av‡M, gvÎ `yB wZb eQi Av‡M Rvnv½xi bMi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi
‡Sv‡c iv‡njv bv‡gi GKwU ‡g‡q‡K al©Y K‡i wZbw`b ‡d‡j : ai‡Q, KviY GUv Kiv miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡|
K‡i‡Q, Giv evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡_ hy× K‡i‡Q| Giv evsjv‡`‡ki
‡KD bq, Giv ewntkÎy| ZvB hviv evsjv‡`k‡K ¯^xKvi ‡i‡L nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj, GUv Rv‡bv? :: wVK, GUv miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡, Kvib miKvi Zvi RbM‡Yi
Ki‡e, Zviv evsjv‡`‡ki ‡nvK, Avi c…w_exi ‡h‡Kvb ‡`‡kiB AwffveK| miKvi‡K ‡Zv ‡KD ‡MÖ‡bW gvi‡Z hvqwb, Bqvev
‡nvK, Zv‡`i‡K ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e ‡h GB hy×Uv evsjv‡`‡ki : Rvwb| LvIqv‡ZI hvqwb, Zey miKvi gvgjv Ki‡Q, Acivax‡`i
wei“‡× GKUv hy×| :: A_P ‡`‡Lv, Zvi ¯^vgx wKš‘ GKw`bI _vbvq hvqwb wePvi kvw¯— w`‡”Q, KviY G¸‡jv Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡`‡ki bvMwi‡Ki
myZivs hviv GUv‡K M…nhy× e‡j weåvš— Ki‡Z PvB‡Q, Zviv w`‡Z ev gvgjvi ‡LuvRLei wb‡Z| ‡m Av‡iKwU we‡q K‡i wei“‡×| GLv‡bB miKvi‡K dvskbvj f~wgKv wb‡Z nq|
B”QvK…Zfv‡e ‡Zvgv‡`i‡K kqZvwb Z_¨ w`‡q KbwdDRW ‡d‡j‡Q| GUv n‡”Q Avgv‡`i mvaviY gvby‡li ¯^fve| Zvi 1971 mv‡j ‡h RNb¨ MYnZ¨v, al©Y, jyUcvU n‡q‡Q G¸‡jv
Ki‡Z Pv‡”Q| LyeB mnR mij, Zviv Zv‡`i wei“‡× Kiv me AwePv‡ii Rb¨ n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i wei“‡×, ZvB Gi wePvi Kivi
Avj¬vn'i Kv‡Q wePvi ‡`q, _vbv cywj‡k ‡h‡Z fq cvq KviY Rb¨ mvaviY gvby‡li gvgjv Kivi `iKvi ‡bB, GB gvgjv
: gvbjvg ‡h Avgiv cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ hy× K‡iwQ, Ges GwU Zviv GB me cu¨vP ey‡S bv| GLb iv‡njvi NUbvwU gvÎ wZb miKvi‡KB Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ miKvi GB w`‡K hv‡”Q bv,
GKwU hy× wQj, M…nhy× bq| Zvn‡j hviv evOvwj n‡qI cvwK¯— eQi Av‡Mi, GLv‡b iv‡njvi ‡W_‡eW mv¶x Av‡Q, Zey GB Zviv GK ai‡bi weåvwš— m…wó Ki‡Z PvB‡Q|
vbx‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡Z PvBwQj, Zv‡`i‡K ‡Kb hy×vcivax ejv gvgjvwU Zvi cwievi Pvjv‡Z Av‡mwb| GLb ‡Zvgv‡K g‡b
n‡e? Zviv ‡Zv cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© bv| B`vwbs ïbwQ ejv n‡”Q : wKš‘ AveŸy, ZywgB ej‡Qv ‡h GLb mv¶x ‡RvMvo Kiv Kó
ivL‡Z n‡e ‡h, 1971 mv‡ji ‡ewki fvM exfrm nZ¨vKvÛ,
‡h ivR‰bwZK wfbœg‡Zi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i‡K nqivwb Avi n‡e, KviY welqwU 37 eQ‡ii cy‡iv‡bv|
jyUZivR G¸‡jv n‡q‡Q MÖv‡gi w`‡K| ZLb hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’v,
e`bv‡gi wkKvi n‡Z n‡”Q| ‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v G¸‡jv Av‡iv A‡bK A‡bK Lvivc wQj| :: GUviI c_ Av‡Q| GLb Ki‡Z n‡e UÖvBeybvj| ‡¯úkvj
:: GUv Av‡iKwU kqZvwb K_v| `uvovI, ‡Zvgv‡K eywS‡q ZvB we‡k¦i mevi ‡PvL Gwo‡q ‡ewkifvM b…ksm nZ¨vhÁ UÖvBeybvj Kivi bwRi c…w_exi cÖvq me mf¨ ‡`‡kB Av‡Q|
w`w”Q| hviv cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡Z PvBwQj, GUv n‡q‡Q mvaviY Mixe gvby‡li Dci| ZvQvov, kn‡i ‡hme we‡kl cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ we‡kl wePvi| a‡iv, AvR‡K XvKvq
hy×vciva bv| wKš‘ Zviv ‡Zv _vK‡Z ‡P‡q Pyc K‡i e‡m RvqMvq n‡q‡Q, ‡mB gvby‡liv kn‡ii ‡mB RvqMvq GLb ‡bB GKUv Lyb n‡q‡Q, GKRb Av‡iKRb‡K Lyb K‡i ‡d‡j‡Q|
_v‡Kwb| Zviv wKš‘ hy×I K‡iwb mivmwi, Zv‡`i ‡mB mvnm A‡b‡KB| Giv wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q, G‡`i c‡¶ mv¶x ZLb Gi mv¶xmvey` wb‡q Acivax‡K kvw¯— ‡`qv n‡e, GB
wQj bv| Zviv ‡h KvRwU K‡iwQj GwU fqven, GwU gg©vwš—K| ‡RvMvo K‡i Avbv KwVb, GK K_vq Am¤¢e cÖvq| ZvB Ly‡bi LeiwU cwÎKvq G‡m‡Q wKbv Zv e‡ov n‡q ‡`Lv ‡`‡e
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m~wPcÎ |
bv| wKš‘ GB ‡`‡kB wKš‘ GKUv Ackb Av‡Q A_©bxwZwe`‡`i KvR| A_©bxwZwe`iv Zv‡`i KvR
‡hwUi bvg "PvÂj¨Ki Aciva msKªvš— we‡kl ‡mj
" Gi gv‡b miKvi ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q ‡h wKQy Aciva
K‡i hv‡eb, wePvi wefvM Ges UÖvBeybvj Zv‡`i
KvR K‡i hv‡e| `Öe¨g~j¨ ‡e‡o ‡M‡j wK ‡`‡ki wmgjv Pyw³‡Z hy×vciva
gvby‡li g‡b we‡kl PvÂj¨ m…wó K‡i, G¸‡jvi ‡KvU©KvPvwi eÜ K‡i ‡`qv nq bvwK? KL‡bvB nq
wePvi `ª“Z Ki‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv mvaviY gvgjv
bq| 1971 mv‡ji hy×vciv‡ai wePv‡ii ‡¶‡Î GB
bv| KviY cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvRB Avjv`v| myZivs
Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨vi mgvavb Kivi bv‡g hy×vcivax‡`i †_‡K gyw³i K_v †bB
welq¸‡jv we‡kl ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e, hLb mvaviY wePvi KivUv ‡cQ‡b P‡j ‡h‡Z cv‡i bv|
gvbyl cÖvY wb‡q cvjvw”Qj, ZLb Zv‡`i c‡¶ wbLyuZ kIKZ †nv‡mb gvmyg
mv¶xmvey` Rgv ivLv m¤¢e wQj bv| ZvB cwiw¯’wZ : eZ©gvb mg‡q GB wePvi `vex KivUv wK mr
wePvi K‡i, Kvh©KviY wePvi K‡i wePvi Kiv hv‡e, D‡Ï‡k¨ n‡”Q? A‡b‡KB g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib ‡h Gi
GUv ¯^vfvweK welq we‡kl cwiw¯’wZ‡Z| Zvici ‡cQ‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi BÜb Av‡Q| ‡h‡nZy Avje`i ‡bZv Avjx Avnmvb gyRvwn` `vwe K‡i‡Q ‡h ‡`‡k ‡Kv‡bv
GB gvgjv¸‡jvi A‡bK¸‡jvB mvgwiK AvB‡b Kiv weGbwc -RvgvZ ‡RvU GKwU kw³kvjx ‡RvU hy×vcivax bvB| Zvi g‡Z, wmgjv Pyw³i gva¨‡g me hy×vcivax‡`i
gyw³ ‡`Iqv n‡qwQj Ges G Kvi‡YB ‡`‡k Avi ‡Kv‡bv hy×vcivax
hv‡e| ¯^vaxbZv ‡NvlYvi c‡i me gyw³‡hv×v myZivs RvgvZ‡K `ye©j K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡j ‡fv‡Ui
‡bB|
evsjv‡`k ‡mbvevwnbxi Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e, ivRbxwZ‡Z GB AvIqvgx jxM myweavRbK ¯’v‡b
KviY hy‡×i mvgwiK ‡bZ…Z¡ w`w”Qj evsjv‡`k P‡j hv‡e| GB Kvi‡Y `vwe¸‡jv ‡Zvjv n‡”Q| wmgjv Pyw³‡Z mB nq 1972 mv‡ji 2 RyjvB| mB K‡iwQ‡jb
‡mbvevwnbx| ZvB we‡kl mvgwiK AvB‡bI Zv‡`i Avm‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ‡Kvb B”Qv ‡bB hy×vci- cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡cÖwm‡W›U RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv Ges fvi‡Zi cÖavbgš¿x
wePv‡ii welqwU we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e| vax‡`i wePvi Kivi| Bw›`iv MvÜx|
:: GB m‡›`n KivUv A‡hŠw³K bq| cÖwZc‡¶i Pyw³i m¤ú~Y© weeiY GLb I‡qemvB‡UB cvIqv hvq| ‡h ‡KD ‡`L‡Z
: wKš‘ AveŸy, A‡b‡K Ab¨ K_v ej‡Qb| Zviv `ye©jZv‡K wPwýZ K‡i ‡mUv ‡_‡K dvq`v DVv‡bv cv‡ib| ‡mLv‡b hy×vcivax‡`i wb‡q GKwU jvBbI ‡bB| ‡Kv_vI
ej‡Qb ‡h ‡`‡k GLb A‡bK mgm¨v| `Öe¨g~j¨ û û ivR‰bwZK PP©vi Ask| Gi GKUv fv‡jv Reve ejv ‡bB ‡h hy×vcivax‡`i ‡Q‡o ‡`Iqv n‡e ev wePvi n‡e bv|
K‡i evo‡Q, bZyb Kg©ms¯’vb bvB ZvB ‡eKvi‡Z¡i n‡Z cv‡i Awej‡¤^ me hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“ ‡m mgq fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q ew›` wQj 93 nvRvi hy×vcivax| Gi g‡a¨
nvi ‡e‡o Pj‡Q, we`y¨r Ges M¨v‡m wech©q, MYZš¿ Kiv| ‡mUv AvIqvgx jx‡Mi byi“j Bmjvg Avi 80 nvRvi mvgwiK Ges evwKiv ‡emvgwiK e¨w³| mevB‡K cvwK¯—vb
cybtcÖwZôv P¨v‡jÄ n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q, GB me weGbwci mvjvDÏxb Kv‡`i ‡PŠayix Avi Rvgv‡Zi wbR ‡`‡k wb‡q hvq| ‡Kv‡bv Pyw³i AvIZvq bv eis fviZ Zv‡`i
RwUjZvi gv‡S hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi ïi“ KivUv wK wbRvgx gyRvwn`, mevB‡KB GK UÖvBey¨bv‡j Avbv ‡Q‡o w`‡qwQj ‡mŠnv‡`©¨i wb`k©b wnmv‡e| fviZ ‡h cvwK¯—v‡bi m‡½
Avgv‡`i cÖv‡qvwiwU nIqv DwPZ, bvwK eZ©gvb ‡nvK| G‡Z K‡i GUv ‡_‡K ‡KD ivR‰bwZK fvj m¤úK© Pvq ZviB wb`k©b wnmv‡e fviZ GB ‡mŠnv`¨© ‡`Lvq|
mg‡qi Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v ‡gvKv‡ejv KivUvB dvq`v Zyj‡Z cvi‡e bv| Z‡e hy×vcivax‡`i ivI digvb Avjxi eB‡qI ejv Av‡Q ‡h Zviv ew›` wnmv‡e
AMÖvwaKvi cvIqv DwPZ? ‡ewkifvMB ‡h‡nZy Rvgv‡Zi mv‡_ RwoZ, ZvB GB evsjv‡`‡k _vK‡Z ivRx wQ‡jb bv| Zv‡`i aviYv wQj gyw³evwnbx
:: ‡kv‡bv, GKUv K_v g‡b ivL‡e ‡h `yR©‡bi Q‡ji `‡ji Rb¨ GUv ‡ewk mgm¨v n‡q `uvov‡e, wKš‘ Gi Zv‡`i ‡g‡i ‡dj‡e|
Afve ‡bB| Gme K_vevZ©v ‡mB Q‡jiB GKUv Rb¨ ‡Zv wePvi ‡_‡g _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| AvIqvgx ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij ivI digvb Avjx AviI e‡j‡Qb, ew›` _vKvi mg‡q
Ask| Zywg ‡h mgm¨v¸‡jvi K_v ej‡j ‡m¸‡jvi jx‡Mi ev weGbwci c‡¶ hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi KvR fviZxq KZ©…c¶ Zv‡`i Rvbvq ‡h 90 Rb e¨w³i wePvi Ki‡Z Pvq
mgvavb Aek¨B `iKvi| Z‡e iv‡óÖ cÖv‡qvwiwU e‡j ïi“ Kivi B”Qv bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| ‡mLv‡b evsjv‡`k| GB 90 R‡bi g‡a¨ ivI digvb AvjxI wQ‡jb| digvb
‡Kvb welq‡K ‡ewk ¸i“Z¡ ‡`qv wVK bq| cÖ‡Z¨K ivR‰bwZK wnmvewbKvk Av‡Q| eZ©gvb miKv‡ii Avjx ‡mmgq wbi‡c¶ GKwU ‡`‡k wePvi ‡P‡qwQ‡jb|
Ask cÖ‡Z¨‡K KvR Ki‡e| `Öe¨g~j¨, ‡eKvi wKš‘ ‡Zgb ‡Kvb ivR‰bwZK D”Pvwfjvl ‡bB e‡j G K_v cwi¯‹vi ‡h bvbv Pv‡c ‡m mgq hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi nqwb|
mgm¨v G¸‡jv wb‡q Av`vjZ KvR K‡i bv| Ggb `vex Ki‡Qb miKv‡ii mevB| | Zvn‡j eZ©gvb Zv e‡j GL‡bv ‡h Kiv hv‡e bv Zv bq| wePvi bv Kivi ‡Kv‡bv
bq ‡h Avgv‡`i wePvi e¨e¯’v‡K hy×vcivax‡`i miKv‡ii c‡¶B GB wePvi cÖwKªqv ïi“ KivUv Pyw³I ‡bB|
wePvi Kv‡R jvwM‡q w`‡q ‡mB mgm¨v¸‡jv‡Z KvR mnR|
Kiv hv‡e bv| Av`vj‡Zi KvR b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôv 24 wW‡m¤^i 2007
Kiv| `Öe¨g~j¨ ev ‡eKvi mgm¨v n‡”Q 23 gvP© 2008
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GB AvBbUvi K_v ‡KD ‡Zv‡j bv| knx` Rbbx Rvnvbviv Bgvg on such terms and conditions as may be deter- criminate,or may tend directly or indirectly to crimi-
GB AvB‡bi KeP wb‡qB jo‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb GKvˇii NvZK- mined by the Government; and every such person nate, such person;
`vjvj I ivRvKvi‡`i wei“‡×| shall be deemed to be a Prosecutor for the purpose
of this Act. Provided that no such answer, which a person shall
ACT NO XIX OF 1973* be compelled to give, shall subject him to any
(2) The Govenrment may designate one of each arrest or prosecution, or be proved against him in
An Act to provide for the detention, prosecution and such persons as the Chief Prosecutor. any criminal proceeding.
punishment of persons for genocide, crimes against
humanity, war crimes and other crimes under inter- 8. Investigation. (6) The Investigation Officer may reduce into writing
national law any statement made to him in the course of exami-
(1)The Government may establish an Agency for nation under this section.
(Published in the Bangladesh Gazette, Extra., on the purpose of investigation into crimes specified in
July 20, 1973) section 3; and any officer belonging to the Agency (7) Any person who fails to appear before an
shall apply to such Prosecutor. Investigation Officer for the purpose of examination
Whereas It is expedient to provide for the detention, or refuses to answer the questions put to him by
prosecution and punishment of persons for geno- (2) Any person appointed as a Prosecutor is com- such Investigation Officer shall be punished with
cide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and petent to act as an Investigation Officer and the simple imprisonment which may extend to six
other crimes under international law and for matters provisions relating to investigation shall apply to months or with fine which may extend to taka two
connected therewith; such Prosecutor. thousand, or both.
It is hereby enacted as follows :- 1. Short title,
extent and commencement. (3) Any Investigation Officer making an investiga- (8) Any Magistrate of the first class may take cog-
tion under this Act may, by order in writing, require nizance of an offence punishable under sub section
(1) This Act may be called the International Crimes the attendance before himself of any person who (7) upon a complaint in writing by an Investigation
(Tribunals) Act 1973. appears to be acquainted with the circumstances of Officer.
(2) It extends to the whole of Bangladesh. the case; and such person shall attend as so
(3) It shall come into force at once. required. (9) Any investigation done into the crimes specified
in section 3 shall be deemed to have been done
2. Definitions. (4) Any Investigation Officer making an investiga- under the provisions of this Act.
In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in tion under this Act may examine orally any person
the subject or context.- who appears to be acquainted with the facts and 9. Commencement of the proceedings.
(a) circumstances of the case.
(1) The proceedings before a Tribunal shall com-
7. Prosecutors. (5) Such person shall be bound to answer all ques- mence upon the submission by the Chief
tions put to him by an Investigation Officer and Prosecutor, or a Prosecutor, authorise by the Chief
(1) The Government may appoint one or more per- shall not be excused from answering any question Prosecutor in this behalf, of formal charges of
sons to conduct the prosecution before a Tribunal on the groud that the answer to such question will crimes alleged to have been committed by each of
159
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the accused person. vict him thereon; may cross-examine such witnesses
and the defence may re-examine them;
(2) The Tribunal shall thereafter fix a date for the (d) the prosecution shall make an opening state-
trial of such accused person. ment; (g) the Tribunal may, in its discretion, permit the
party which calls a witness to put any question to
(3) the Chief Prosecutor shall, at least three weeks (e) the witnesses for the prosecution shall be exam- him which might be put in cross-examination by the
before the commencement of the trial, furnish to the ined, the defence may cross-examine such witness- adverse party;
Tribunal a list of witnesses intended to be produced es and the prosecution may re-examine them;
along with the recorded statement of such witness- (h) the Tribunal may, in order to discover or obtain
es for copies thereof and copies of documents (f) the witnesses for the defence, if any, shall be proof of relevant facts, ask any witness any ques-
which the prosecution intends to rely upon in sup- examined, the prosecution tion it pleases, in any form and at any time about
port of such charges. any fact; and may order production of any docu-
ment or thing or summon any witness, and neither
(4) The submission of a list of witnesses and docu- the prosecution nor the defence shall be entitled
ments under sub-section either to make any objection to any such question
(3) shall not preclude the prosecution from calling, or order or, without the leave of the Tribunal, to
with the permission of the Tribunal, additional wit- cross examine any witness upon any answer given
nesses or tendering any further evidence at any in reply to any such question;
stage of the trial:
(i) the prosecution shall first sum up its case, and
Provided that notice shall be given to the defence thereafter the defence shall sum up its case:
of the additional witnesses intended to be called or
additional evidence sought to be tendered by the Provided that if any witness is examined by the
prosecution. defence, the prosecution shall have the right to sum
up its case after the defence has done so;
(5) A list of witnesses for the defence. If any, along
with the documents or copies thereof, which the (j) the Tribunal shall deliver its judgement and pro-
defence intends to rely upon, shall be furnished to mounce its verdict.
the Tribunal and the prosecution at the time of the
commencement of the trial. (2) All proceedings before the Tribunal shall be in
English.
10. Procedure of trial.
(3) Any accused person or witness who is unable to
express himself in, or does not understand, English
(1) The following procedure shall be followed at a
may be provided the assistance of an interpretor.
trial before a Tribunal, namely:-
(a) the charge shall be read out; (4) The proceedings of the Tribunal shall be in public:
(b) the Tribunal shall ask each accused person Provided that the Tribunal may, if it thinks fit, take
whether he pleads guilty or not-guilty; proceedings in camera.
(c) if the accused person pleads guilty the Tribunal (5) No oath shall be administered to any accussed
shall record the plea, and may, in its discretion con- person.
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11. Powers of Tribunal. contempt, or does anything which constitutes con- fession unless upon questioning the
tempt of the Tribunal, with simple imprisonment accused making it, he has reason to
(1) A Tribunal shall have power- which may extend to one year, or with fine which belive that it was made voluntarily.
may extend to Taka five thousand, or with both.
(a) to summon witnesses to the trial and to require 15. Pardon of an approver.
their attendence and testimony and to put ques- (5) Any member of the Tribunal shall have power to
tions to them; direct, or issue a warrant for, the arrest of, and to (1) At any stage of the trial, a Tribunal may with a
commit custody, and to authorise the continued view to obtaining the evidence of any person sup-
(b) to administer oaths to witnesses; detention in custody of, any person charged with posed to have been directly or indirectly concerned
any crime specified in section 3. in, or privy to any of the crimes specified in section
(c) to require the production of document and other 3, tender a pardon to such person on condition of
evidentiary material; (6) The Chairman of a Tribunal may make such his making a full and close disclosure of the whole
administrative arrangements as he considers nec- and the true circumstances within his knowledge
(d) to appoint persons for carrying out any time essary for the performance of the functions of the relative to the crime and for every other person
designated by the Tribunal. tribunal under this act. concerned whether as principal or abottor, in the
commission thereof.
(2) For the purpose of enabling any accused per- 12. Provision for defence counsel.
son to explain any circumstances apprearing to the (2) Every person accepting the tender under this
evidance against him, a Tribunal may, at any time Where an accused person is not represented by section shall be examined as a witness in the trial.
of the trial withour previously warning the accused counsel the Tribunal may, at any stage of the case,
person, put such questions to him as the Tribunal direct that a counsel shall be engaged at the (3) Such person shall be detained in custody until
considers necessary: expense of the Government to defend the accused the termination of the trial.
person or may also determine the fees to be paid to 16. Charge, etc.
Provided that the accused person shall not render such counsel.
himself liable to punishment by refusing to answer (1) Every charge against an accused person shall
such questions or by giving false answers to them; 13. Restriction of adjournment. state-
but the Tribunal may draw such inference from No trial before a Tribunal shall be adjourned for any
such refusal or answers as it thinks just. purpose unless the Tribunal is of the opinion that (a) the name and particulars of the accused person;
(3) A Tribuanl shall- the adjournment is in the interest of the justice.
(b) the crime of which the accused person is
(a) confine the trial to an expeditious hearing of the 14. Statement or confession of accused persons. charged;
issue raised by the charges;
(1) Any magistrate of the first class may record any (c) such particulars of the alleged crime as are rea-
(b) take measures to prevent any action which may statement or confession made to him by an sonably sufficient to give the accused person notice
cause unreasonable delay and rule out irrelevent accused at anytime in the course of investigation or of the matter with which he is charged.
issues and statements. at anytime before the commencement of the trial.
(2) A copy of the formal charge and the copy of the
(4) A Tribunal may punish any person who (2) The Magistrate shall, before recording any such documents lodged with the formal charge shall be
obstructs or abuses its process or disobeys any of confession, explain to the accused person making it furnished to the accused person at a reasonable
its orders or directions, or does anything which that he is not bound to make a confession and that time before the trial; and in case of any difficulty in
tends to prejudice the case of a party before it, or if he does so it maybe used as evidence against furnishing copies of the documents, reasonable
tends to bring it or any of its members to hatred or him and no magistrate shall record any such con- opportunity for inspection shall be given to the
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accused person in such manner as the Tribunal it, which it deems to have probative value. to appeal to the Appelate division of
may decide. (2) A Tribunal may receive in evidence any state- the Supreme Court of Bangladesh
ment recorded by a Magistrate or an Investigation against such conviction and sentence :
17.Right of the accused person during trial. Officer being a statement made by any person who,
at the time of the trial, is dead or whose attendance Provided that such appeal may be preferred within
(1) During trial of an accused person he shall have cannot be procured without an amount of delay or sixty days of date of order of conviction and sen-
the right to give any explanation relevant to the expense which the Tribunal considers unreason- tence.
charge made against him. able.
22. Rules of procedure.
(2) An accused person shall have the right to con- (3) A Tribunal shall not require proof of facts of
duct his own defence before the Tribunal or to have common knowledge but shall take judicial notice Subject to the provision of this Act, a Tribunal may
the assistance of counsel. thereof. regulate its own procedure.
(3) An accused person shall have the right to pres- (4) A Tribunal shall take judicial notice of official 23. Certain laws not to apply.
ent evidence at the Trial to support his defence, governmental documents and reports of the United
and to cross-examine any witness called by the Nations and its subsidiary agencies or other The provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code
proscecution. International bodies including non-governmental 1898 (V of 1898) and the Evidence Act 1872 (I of
organisation. 1872) shall not apply in any proceedings under this
18. No excuse from answering any question. Act.
20. Judgement and Sentence
A witness shall not be excused from answering any 24. Bar of Jurisdiction.
question put to him on the ground, that the answer (1) The Judgement of a Tribunal as to the guilt or
to such question will criminate or may tend directly the innocence of any accused person shall give the No order, Judgement or sentence of a Tribunal
or indirectly will criminate such witness, or that it reasons on which it is based : shall be called in question in any manner whatsoev-
will expose or tend to expose such witness to a er in or before any Court or other Authority in any
penalty or forfeiture of any kind. Provided that each member of the Tribunal shall be legal proceedings whatsoever except in the manner
Provided that no such answer which a witness shall competent to delive a judgement of his own. provided in section 21.
be compelled to give shall subject him to any arrest
or prosecution or be proved against him in any (2) Upon conviction of an accused person, the 25. Indemnity.
criminal proceeding, except a prosecution for giving Tribunal shall award sentence of death or such
false evidence. other punishment proportionate to the gravity of the No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall
crime as appears to the Tribunal tobe just and lie against the Government or any person or any-
19. Rules of evidence. proper. thing in good faith, done or purporting to have been
done under the Act.
(1) A Tribunal not be bound by technical rules of (3) The sentence awarded under this Act shall be
carried out in accordance with the orders of the 26. Provisions of the Act over-riding all other laws.
evidence; and it shall adopt and apply to the great-
est possible extent expeditious and non-technical Government.
The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwith-
procedure, and may admit any evidence, including 21. Right to appeal. standing anything inconsistent therewith contained
reports and photographs published in newspapers, in any other law for the time being in force.
periodicals and magazines, films and taperecord- A person convicted of any crime specified in section
ings and other materials as may be tendered before 3 and sentenced by a Tribunal shall have the right 21 ‡m‡Þ¤^i 2006
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m¤ú‡K©i e܇b _v‡K eBjv Zv‡Mv g‡a¨ ‰elg¨g~jK m¤ú‡K©i gvÎv Avm‡jv| wb‡R‡Mv ‰Zix Kiv ag©xq we‡`Övnx Ae¯’vb ax‡i GB wdÖWg Avm‡Q evRvix c‡Y¨i mv‡_...cQ›` Avi
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AvPi‡Y mKj cÖKv‡k we”QywiZ nq, cÖwZdwjZ nq| Avi GB GKUv Awcwbqb wnmv‡eB| ag©‡i Zviv `vuo KivBwQ‡jv nBZv‡Q|
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g~j¨‡eva ‡Kw›`ÖK GKig ‡kÖYx KZ©…K gvb wba©viYx ‡Ljv mvg‡b Av‡iKUv gZ wnmv‡e cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ae¯’vb wbqv Avi GB wdÖWg PP©vi avivevwnKZvq GB ‡`‡kI RvZxqZvev`x
_v‡K| ‡kÖYx-kvwmZ, ‡kÖYxwefvwRZ mgv‡R kvmK ‡kÖYxi `vuovBqv ‡M‡j, Zv‡Mv ‰PZb¨ fv‡O| Zviv ey‡S gZcÖKv‡ki msMÖv‡gi ‡ik KvU‡Z bv KvU‡ZB bZyb Rxebv`‡kiÖ cÖmviI
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evMvo¤^i nq Avgvi G‡Zv¶Y KIqv K_v¸wj| Kvj© gv·© ‡jBMv, mKj msMÖv‡g Av‡cvlnxb f~wgKvi ‡jBMv ‡`‡ki
Ges G‡½jm mv‡neiv GKUv msMÖv‡gi aviYv w`wQ‡jb GB Zq wdÖW‡gi ‡hB avi„Yv cwð‡g ïi“ nBwQ‡jv, ‡mBUvi we¯—…wZ mvs¯‹…wZK wfwˇZ GB evRvix wdÖW‡gi PP©v Kg nB‡Q| Zq
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mgvRZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡b Av¯’vkxj nBqv DVwQ‡jv A‡bK evÃbxq KBqv Zviv Avm‡j ‡÷BU‡g‡›Ui evRvi ‰Zwi Ki‡Q, ‡k¬vMvbgq cwi‡e‡k GB A‡jI wdÖW‡gi GB AvëÖv
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... ZLb G‡Zv wKQy eySZvg bv| AveŸv‡K ‡`LZvg memgq K‡jvbx evDÛvwi evB‡i evwo‡Z evwo‡Z cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© co‡jv gvS b`x‡Z| Avwg ‡QvÆ ‡mwjg‡K GK nv‡Z Avi
Lye ‡Ubk‡b _vK‡Zb| gbgiv n‡q Awd‡m ‡h‡Zb| weKv‡j Zj¬vkx K‡i‡Q| A‡bK‡K a‡i wb‡q hvIqvi msev`I Kv‡b Ab¨ nv‡Z my¨U‡Km wb‡q ‡`uŠ‡o cvjvjvg| kZ gvby‡li Xj
K‡jvbxi gv‡V Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i mv‡_ ‡iwWI ïb‡Zb| AvmwQj| K‡jvbxi ‡Q‡jiv MvQ ‡K‡U ‡gBb iv¯—vq e¨vwi‡KW ‡mLv‡b| GK gwnjv‡K ‡`Ljvg wPrKvi K‡i Kuv`‡Q,
‡`‡ki wfZi DËß Ae¯’v| kniRy‡o Aw¯’iZv| K‡qKw`b w`‡q‡Q| ‡Mvjv¸wji mgq ‡m Zvi ev”Pv‡K ‡Kv_vq ‡hb ‡d‡j Avm‡Q|
Av‡M MÖvg ‡_‡K gwb Lvjv¤§v XvKvq G‡m‡Qb wPwKrmv
Kiv‡Z| 24 gvP© 1971, mKv‡j Ibvi wK ‡hb GKUv 27 gvP© 1971, KviwdD ‡f‡½ ‡M‡Q| mKv‡j AveŸv Awdm KZ gvB‡ji ci gvBj ‡h ‡nu‡UwQ Zvi ‡Kvb wnmve bvB|
Acv‡ikb n‡jv XvKvi GK nvmcvZv‡j| Lvjy Avi Zv‡`i ‡M‡jb mevi KvQ ‡_‡K we`vq wb‡q| AveŸv ej‡jb, Avwg c‡_ Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Gm.Gg n‡ji GK Qv‡Îi ‡`Lv| 25
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AveŸvi mv‡_ civgk© K‡i Lvjy iv‡ZB gwb Lvjv¤§v‡K evmvq cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbmcÎ, Lvevi, UvKv-cqmv, ¯^Y© me MvwÆ ‡e‡a wQj| g¨vb‡nv‡ji XvKbvi Dci w`‡q KZ ey‡Ui AvIqvR ‡h
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bv| n‡q ‡Mjvg| evmvq `iRvq Avwg Kqjv w`‡q wj‡L ivLjvg c‡i Mfxi iv‡Z wKfv‡e ‡hb cvwj‡q Avm‡Z ‡c‡i‡Q| ‡m
"AveŸv Avgiv P‡j ‡Mjvg", wKš‘ Avgiv ‡h ‡Kv_vq hvw”Q KL‡bv Avgv‡`i e¨vM enb K‡i KL‡bv ‡QvÆ ‡mwjg‡K ‡Kv‡j
iv‡Z K‡jvbxi evmvUv‡Z ï‡q Av‡Q `ywU cwiev‡ii 12 Rb Rvwb bv| wb‡q A‡bKLvwb c_ GwM‡q w`‡q‡Q| Av‡iK ‡jvK m`iNvU
gvbyl| gwb Lvjv¤§vi Ny‡gi ‡bkv gvÎ †K‡U‡Q| Lvjv¤§v ‡_‡K G‡m‡Q| ‡m ‡`‡L‡Q j Uvwg©bv‡j i‡³i eb¨v Avi
Avgv‡K Nyg ‡_‡K ‡W‡K Zyj‡jb, ‡`L ‡Zv evB‡i LULU jvjev‡Mi wfZi w`‡q hLb hvw”Q ‡`Ljvg cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv jv‡ki ¯—yc|
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K‡jvbxi iv¯—v‡Z Unj w`‡”Q| Avwg Ab¨ i“‡g ‡Mjvg| ‡QvU KvKv Avi Lvjyi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avgiv mevB hvw”Q KL‡bv kni ‡_‡K nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl MÖv‡g Avm‡Q| MÖv‡gi gvbyliv
AveŸvI D‡V ‡M‡Qb| mevB‡K Pyc K‡i ‡d¬v‡i e‡m _vK‡Z cv‡q ‡nu‡U KL‡bv wi·vq| gwb Lvjv¤§v Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMx, ‡KD wgwó Avjy, i“wU, fvZ, ev”Pv‡`i Rb¨ `ya w`‡q Avgv‡`i
ej‡jb| wZwb wbtk‡ã wmuwo ‡M‡Ui jvBU eÜ K‡i w`‡q KZ Kó K‡iB bv c_ cvwo w`‡”Q| Avgvi nv‡Z eo GKUv gZ NiQvov gvbyl‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| Avgv‡`i e¨v‡M i“wU
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c_ Ny‡i Avgiv wRwÄivq ‡cŠQvjvg| AmsL¨ gvbyl b`x cvi
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ci Mvoxi kã Avm‡Q| Ggwb GKmgq nVvr ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ ‡`‡L bvbv ‡`Š‡o Avm‡jb, ‡Pv‡Li cvwb gy‡Q ej‡jb "‡Zviv
n‡q ‡M‡jv e…wói gZ| ‡mB ivZ ‡fvjvi gZ bq| Avgviv b`x‡Z ¸wUK‡qK ‡bŠKv| gwb Lvjv¤§v ‡`Š‡o wM‡q GKUv ‡eu‡P AvQm! Avwg g‡b KiwQ ‡Zviv mevB ‡kl|" gv‡K
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Avi `yB Lvjv‡Zv fvB ûgvqyb (5) I ‡mwjg (3) cvj‡¼i Avgv‡`i wiRvf© Kiv! Avgiv mevB AuvUmvU n‡q ‡mB ‡bŠKvq ‡Kv_vq?
bx‡P e‡m wbtk‡ã Kvu`‡Q| wM‡q emjvg| Ab¨ ‡bŠKv¸‡jvI `ª“Z fwZ© n‡q ‡M‡Q|
Avgv‡`i ‡bŠKv ‡Q‡o w`‡q‡Q, G hvÎvq eywS ‡eu‡P ‡Mjvg| ¸‡gvU GKUv mgq cvi KiwQ| AveŸv'i ‡Kvb Lei Avgiv
Ae‡k‡l Rxe‡b Av‡iKUv mKvj Avm‡jv| XvKv'‡Z KviwdD Rvwb bv| ‡QvU KvKv AveŸv'i Lei Avb‡Z XvKv'q Avm‡Z
PjwQj| AveŸv I KvKv ‡KDB Awd‡m ‡h‡Z cv‡iwb| ‡bŠKv gvÎB Icvi wf‡o‡Q, Agwb ‡Mvjv¸wj ïi“ n‡q ‡M‡jv| ‡P‡qwQj, gv ivRx nqwb| "‡Zvi eo fvB‡K nvivBwQ, ‡Zv‡K
cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K wewfbœ Dov Lei ïbv hv‡”Q| cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv b`xi Icvi ‡_‡K ¸wj Qyuo‡Q Avgv‡`i gvivi Rb¨ XvKv'q cvVv‡Z cvi‡ev bv"| KwVb G K_v¸‡jv
K‡jvbx‡Z miKvix Kg©KZ©viv _vK‡Zv e‡j cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv w`‡K| b`xi `y'cv‡oi gvbyl Dשk¦v‡m ‡`Š‡o cvjv‡”Q| KZ mn‡RB bv gv e‡j ‡djj| hy× g‡b nq gvbyl‡K
Gw`KUvq ‡Zgb Avm‡Zv bv| Avgiv Rvbvjv w`‡q ‡`‡LwQ K‡qKRb ‡mLv‡bB ‡kl| ‡bŠKv ‡_‡K A‡b‡K Suvc w`‡q AbyfywZ ïb¨ evwb‡q ‡d‡j|
165
m~wPcÎ |
MÖv‡g Avgv‡`i 6/7 w`b ‡K‡U ‡M‡Q| GLb cwiw¯’wZ wKQyUv VvÛv| ‡QvU KvKv
XvKv'q iIbv w`‡jb, AveŸvi ‡Luv‡R| ZvQvov miKvix Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i
Awd‡m ‡hvM ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ wb‡`©k ‡`Iqv n‡”Q| ‡QvU KvKvI AveŸvi mv‡_
GUwb© ‡Rbv‡ij Awd‡m PvKwi Ki‡Zb| Awd‡m ‡h‡q D`åvš— Ae¯’vq
evevi Kuv‡a eÜzi jvk
AveŸv'i mv‡_ KvKvi ‡`Lv n‡jv| `yB fvB‡qi MovMwo w`‡q ‡m wK Kvbœv! bv`vb
AveŸv ‡f‡ewQ‡jb Avgiv gviv ‡MwQ, Avi Avgiv ‡fwewQ AveŸv gviv ‡M‡Qb|
KvKv‡K wb‡q AveŸv H w`bB MÖv‡g P‡j Avm‡jb Avgv‡`i mv‡_ ‡`Lv Ki‡Z|
GwcÖj '71 Gi ‡k‡li w`‡K Avgiv XvKvq P‡j Avmjvg| AvwRgcyi K‡jvbx
ZLb ‡gvUvgywU wbivc` wQj| m¤¢eZ cvwK¯—vbx Avwg©iv miKvix Kg©KZ©v-
Kg©Pvix‡`i‡K wb‡R‡`i c‡¶i ‡jvK g‡b Ki‡Zv ! cvK-nvbv`viiv Ab¨ me
RvqMvq AZ¨vPvi-wbcxob Ki‡jI GLv‡b ‡Zgb wKQy Ki‡Z ‡`wLwb| Z‡e
memgq Lye Unj w`‡Zv| ‡QvU KvKv w`‡b miKvix PvKix Ki‡Zb Avi iv‡Z
'MY-m½xZ' ‡M‡q GjvKvi hyeK‡`i msMwVZ Ki‡Zb| AveŸv m¤§yLhy‡× ‡h‡Z
cv‡ibwb wVKB Z‡e A_©, Z_¨, Lvevi, Ilya BZ¨vw` w`‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb|
AvwRgcyi K‡jvbx ZLb G‡Zv Rbeûj wQj bv| wewìs¸‡jv wQj wZb Zjv|
hy‡×i Kvi‡YB nq‡Zv ZLb A‡bK evmv k~b¨ wQj| Avgiv memgq evmvq
evowZ i“wU evwb‡q ‡i‡L w`Zvg| cÖvq mgq wf¶yK, ‡dixIqvjvi QÙ‡e‡k Avwg hLb ¯‹y‡j cwo ZLb MíUv AveŸyi gy‡L ‡avqvi ci A‡bK¸‡jv cvULwoi ¯—yc Kiv wQj|
gyw³evwnbxi ‡Q‡j GgbwK ‡g‡qm`m¨ evmvq Avm‡Zv| Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K i“wU ï‡bwQjvg| 1971 mvj, AveŸy ZLb K‡j‡R cvwK Avwg© Avi ivRvKvi‡`i ‡PvL‡K duvwK w`‡q
w`‡q w`Zvg| gv ‡h KZ gyw³evwnbxi ‡Q‡j‡`i N‡i G‡b fvZ LvB‡q‡Q| cÖvq c‡o| ‡`kgvZ…Kvi Uv‡b GB evsjvi AviI jv‡Lv Zviv QqRb wZb fvM n‡q GK GKwU cvULwoi ¯—
mevi gy‡L GKUv Kgb K_v wQj 'gv, AvR 2 w`b ev 3 w`b ci fvZ hye‡Ki gZ wb‡R‡KI a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡iwb| hw`I y‡ci g‡a¨ `yB Rb K‡i Xy‡K c‡ob| A‡c¶v
‡Ljvg"| evev, gvi GKgvÎ ‡Q‡j nIqvq `v`y, `vw` ‡KD Ki‡Z _v‡Kb my‡hv‡Mi| wKš‘ fvM¨ mnvq bv
AveŸy‡K hy‡× ‡h‡Z w`‡Z ivwR wQ‡jb bv| ZvB _vKvq my‡hvM ey‡S ‡ei nevi mgq ‡`‡L ‡d‡j
‡g gv‡mi w`‡K miKvi ‡NvlYv w`j 'B›Uvi cix¶v' n‡e| ‡`‡ki GB Ae¯’vq iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Nygš— GK gv‡K mvjvg K‡i Avi cvwK Avwg©| Gici ïi“ nq e…wói gZ ¸wjel©Y|
‡KD wK cov‡jLv Ki‡Z ‡c‡i‡Q ? ‡Kvb iKg cÖ¯—ywZ QvovB cix¶v w`‡Z GK gv‡qi Uv‡b Ni ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q hvb| AveŸyi cv‡ki eÜy ZLwb ¸wj ‡L‡q jywU‡q c‡ob|
‡Mjvg, ïaygvÎ Rvb i¶v‡_©| Avgvi wmU c‡owQj e`i“b‡bmv K‡j‡R| ‡mw`b wZwb Zvi AvnZ eÜy‡K Kuv‡a K‡i `yB
bv‡ggvÎ cix¶v n‡”Q| mevB eB Ly‡j ‡`‡L ‡`‡L cix¶v w`‡”Q| wUPviiv Zvici ‡UÖwbs wb‡q ‡divi ci Zv‡`i Qq eÜyi wK‡jvwgUvi iv¯—v e‡q wb‡q Av‡mb| hw`I AveŸyi
‡KD wKQyB ej‡Q bv| cvnviviZ cvK-Avwg©iv ch©š— cix¶v_©x‡`i eB G‡b Dci `vwqZ¡ c‡o iscyi-e¸ov gnvmo‡Ki Kvu‡aB gviv hvb Zvi eÜz| ‡mw`b wZwb Zvi Lye
w`‡q‡Q, cix¶vq ‡jLvi Rb¨! cieZ©x‡Z ‡`k ¯^vax‡bi ci GB cix¶v evwZj KvUvLvwj b`xi Dci ‡h weÖRUv Av‡Q (eZ©gv‡b Kv‡Qi `yB eÜy‡K nvivb| GB evsjv gv‡qi Rb¨
‡NvlYv Kiv nq| ZLb Avgiv fvjgZ cov‡jLv K‡i Avevi cix¶v w`jvg| MvBevÜv ‡Rjvi Aš—©MZ) ‡mwU Dwo‡q ‡`evi| ‡mw`b Zvi `yB mš—vb ey‡Ki i³ ‡X‡j w`‡q knx`
nvBKgvÛ ‡_‡K wb‡`©k cvevi ci cÖ‡qvRbxq n‡q hvq|
bZyb Rxeb jvf Avi g…Zy¨i Avk¼vB wQj Avgv‡`i wbZ¨m½x| cÖwZw`b we‡ùviK Zviv fvj K‡i c¨vK K‡i wb‡q Mfxi AveŸyi Kv‡Q GB Mí ‡kvbvi ci Zvi gZ KwVb
mKv‡j AveŸv Awd‡m ‡h‡Zb Avgv‡`i mevi KvQ ‡_‡K 'we`vq' wb‡q| iv‡Z Zviv b`x‡Z ‡b‡g c‡ob| gv_vi Dci gvby‡li ‡Pv‡L ‡h cvwb ‡`‡LwQjvg, Zvici
GKevi ‡Zv AveŸv‡K a‡i ‡bIqvi Rb¨ cvK-evwnbx mycÖxg ‡Kv‡U© nvwRi| KPywicvbv †V‡j ax‡i ax‡i weÖ‡Ri w`‡K G‡Mv‡Z ‡Kvbw`b Avi Zvi Kv‡Q 71 m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z
ZLb AveŸv'i GK wenvix KwjM ‡iRv mv‡ne cvK-evwnbxi Awdmvi‡K _v‡Kb| weÖ‡Ri Dci ZLb cvwK Avwg© Avi PvBwb| ‡Kvb GK ARvbv Kvi‡Y Dwb ‡Kvbw`b
‡evSv‡jb, Dwb Avgvi fvB, A‡bK fv‡jv gvbyl, fv‡jv miKvix Awdmvi ivRvKvi‡`i wbqwgZ Unj| b`xi cv‡k ZLb cvU gyw³‡hv×vi mvwU©wd‡KUI Avb‡Z hvbwb|
......| Avj¬vncvK ‡hb wbR nv‡Z Avgvi AveŸv‡K ‡ndvRZ Ki‡jb|
166
m~wPcÎ |
evevi ‡Lvu‡R
Awg ingvb wcqvj
bvw`g Kvw`i GKRb mvsevw`K| ïay 15 GwcÖj 1971| Nyg fvO‡jv dR‡ii AvRv‡b|
wek¦vmx‡`i Dcvmbvi WvK ‡`qv n‡”Q| Aek¨ G‡`i
‡LvuR ‡g‡jwb| Zvi ‡divi A‡c¶vq cÖni ¸‡b ¸‡b
1999 mv‡j gviv ‡M‡Qb Zvi ¯¿x nvmbv ‡nbv Kvw`i|
mvsevw`K bb, weL¨vZ mvsevw`K- IKv‡ei ‡ekxifvMB ZZw`‡b nq cvwj‡q‡Qb, bq‡Zv gviv Avgvi fvB‡evb‡`i g‡Zv AvwgI GKB K_v wek¦vm
‡cÖwm‡W›U| Dc¯’vcK| evRv‡i wZbwU eB c‡o‡Qb cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z| evev‡K Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQ| wKš‘ GKBm‡½ ‡P‡qwQ m‡Z¨i
‡`Ljvg jyw½ Avi ‡MwÄ c‡o evmvi ‡cQ‡bi `iRv gy‡LvgywL n‡Z| fv‡jvfv‡eB RvbZvg ‡mUv myLKi wKQy
‡ewi‡q‡Q| Avgvi Kv‡Q Zvi Gme cwiPq‡K w`‡q ‡ewi‡q hv‡”Qb| wR‡Ám Kijvg, Ò‡Kv_vq hv‡”Qv n‡e bv| ZviciI Zvi ‡kl wVKvbvUv Rvbv Avgvi
Qvwc‡q ‡M‡Q wZwb GKRb knx‡`i mš—vb| evev?Ó Dwb Avgvi w`‡K ZvKv‡jb, Zvici ‡_‡g Kv‡Q Lye Ri“wi wQ‡jv|
Avgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡jb| Avgv‡K k³ K‡i Rwo‡q
DËim~ix ‡dviv‡g Zvi GKwU ‡jLv c‡o ‡Pv‡L a‡i ej‡jb, Ò‡Zvgvi evev ‡Kv_vI hv‡”Q bv|Ó 16 eQi ‡LvuRvLywRi ci Avwg Ae‡k‡l GKUv m~Î
Rj G‡jv| g‡b co‡jv Rwni ivqnv‡bi ‡Q‡j ‡cjvg| m~‡Îi m~Î Avgv‡K wb‡q ‡M‡jv PÆMÖv‡gi
Gici G‡jv ‡mBw`b, 17 GwcÖj 1971| `yqv‡ii NwÈ cvuPjvBk GjvKvq ea¨f~wg‡Z| 1971 mv‡j 70 bs
Abj ivqnv‡bi K_v| evevi g…Zz¨ inm¨ evR‡jv, ‡mBm‡½ ey‡Ui mcvU jvw_| A‡bK¸‡jv cvuPjvB‡k _vKZvg Avgiv, Zvi Lye Kv‡QB Ae¯’vb
D`NvUb Ki‡Z Av`vRj ‡L‡q ‡b‡g ‡mcvB wb‡q GKRb cvwK¯—vbx K¨v‡Þb Avgv‡`i ‡mB MYKe‡ii| ‡m RvqMvq GKUv `vjvb DV‡Q|
evmvq XyK‡jb| `iRv Lyj‡ZB Avgv‡K wR‡Ám Kij, gvwjKc¶ gyL Lyj‡Z bvivR| ‡mLv‡b gvwU ‡Luvovi
c‡owQ‡jb, mdj n‡qwQ‡jb| Ab‡ji m‡½ Ò‡Zvgvi evev ‡Kv_vq?Ó Avgvi wcQy wb‡q Zviv ‡kvevi mgq Zviv wKQy ‡c‡qwQj wKbv bvwK Zviv ‡¯^”Qvq Zv
bvw`‡gi ZdvZ, wZwb Rvb‡Zb Zvi evev‡K N‡i XyKj Avi evev‡K ej‡jv, ÒZywg GKRb ‡eBgvb| Avevi gvwUPvcv w`‡q‡Q ‡mUv Rvbv ‡M‡jv bv|
Kviv ‡g‡i‡Q| Ab‡ji g‡ZvB bvw`g Zvi ‡Zvgv‡K ‡MÖßvi Kiv n‡jv... ‰Zwi n‡q bvI|Ò Avwg ‡mLv‡b wbðyc `vuwo‡q wQjvg| ‡PwP‡q ej‡Z
Gici ‡mB K¨v‡Þb Avgvi evev ‡jdU¨v‡b›U K‡Y©j B‡”Q KiwQ‡jv, Òevev, ‡kl ch©š— ‡c‡qwQ ‡Zvgv‡K|
evevi Kei Lyu‡R ‡ewi‡q‡Qb| mdj n‡q‡Qb, ‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yj Kvw`i‡K (BwÄwbqvwis ‡Kvi) ¯¿xi `¨v‡Lv ‡Zvgvi Aš‘ evev G‡m ‡M‡Q| Ó wPrKvi K‡i
wKš‘ UÖv‡RwWUv GLv‡bB| Zvi evev ‡Kv_vq m‡½ Ri“ix ‡Kv‡bv K_v _vK‡j ‡m‡i wb‡Z ej‡jv|
Avgvi Mf©eZx gv ZLb wb_i wbðyc Zvi cv‡k
Kvu`‡Z cviwQjvg bv, ‡KD bv ‡`‡L g‡Zv ‡PvL
gyQwQjvg ïay| ‡mB Aa©-wbwg©Z fe‡bi ‡M‡Ui evB‡i
kvwqZ ‡R‡bI wKQy Ki‡Z bv cvivi A¶gZv `vuwo‡q| GKUv ‡bwf wR‡c K‡i Zv‡K wb‡q hvIqvi `vuwo‡q Avwg wbi‡e cÖv_©bv KiwQjvg Avgvi evevi
Ky‡o Lv‡”Q Zv‡K| G Mí GK Amnvq mš— mgq Avwg ‡`uŠ‡o ‡Mjvg wmwoi w`‡K, Zv‡K nvZ ‡b‡o Rb¨|
we`vq w`jvg| evevI nvZ bvo‡jb| Avwg KL‡bvB gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ nvwi‡q wM‡qwQjvg, Lye Amy¯’ jvMwQj|
v‡bi Mí| ‡h RvqMvi K_v ejv n‡”Q Zvi fvwewb GUvB Avgv‡`i ‡kl ‡`Lv n‡Z hv‡”Q| Gici wKš‘ Avgvi Dcvq wQj bv ‡Kv‡bv| Avj¬vni Kv‡Q
Avkcvk w`‡q wQ‡jv Avgvi wbZ¨Kvi Avwg A‡bK cÖv_©bv K‡iwQ hv‡Z evevi m‡½ Avgvi cÖv_©bv KiwQjvg Avgv‡K kw³ w`‡Z hv‡Z evevi
Avevi ‡`Lv nq| fvwewb K‡qK hyM c‡i G‡m Zv‡K mn‡hv×v‡`i mvnvh¨ wb‡q RvqMvUvi wewbg©vY Ki‡Z
AvmvhvIqv| ‡m Kvi‡YB ‡e`bvUv nq‡Zv mkix‡i bv ‡c‡jI Zvi ‡kl wekÖv‡gi RvqMvUv‡K Lyu‡R cvwi| D‡`¨vMUv ‡bIqv n‡q‡Q Ges Avkv KiwQ ïay
‡ekxB ey‡K ‡e‡R‡Q Avgvi| cv‡ev| Zvi KeiwUB mywePvi cv‡e bv, ‡mBm‡½ ‡hvM¨ m¤§vb
Avwg ïay mwZ¨Uv Rvb‡Z ‡P‡qwQ| Rvb‡Z ‡P‡qwQ w`‡q ¯^vaxbZv hy×Kv‡j Zvi f~wgKvI ¯úó Kiv n‡e|
1971 mv‡ji 17 GwcÖj Avgvi evev BwÄwbqvwis ‡jLvUv hLb wjLwQ, ZLbI Avgvi eo ‡evb I
‡Kv‡ii ‡j. K‡Y©j ‡gvnv¤§` Ave`yj Kvw`‡ii fv‡M¨ ‡QvUfvB G m¤ú‡K© wKQyB Rv‡b bv| ‡jLvUv ‡ei“‡bvi
wK n‡qwQj| ‡MÖßvi K‡i wb‡q hvIqvi ci Zvi Avi Av‡MB Zv‡`i ej‡ev Aek¨| ‡ev‡bi Rb¨B ‡ekx wPš—v
167
m~wPcÎ |
n‡”Q KviY Dwb KZUv k³ _vK‡Z cvi‡eb Zv wbwðZ ej‡Z 1971 mv‡j PÆMÖv‡g AvIqvgx wj‡Mi Kvh©wbe©vnx cwil‡`i Avgvi| DwbI Avgv‡K MYKei wn‡m‡e
cviwQ bv| Avi KeiUv msiw¶Z bv nIqv ch©š— ‡mLv‡b wM‡q m`m¨ wQ‡jb| cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡ZB wZwb ‡f‡O co‡jb| GKB RvqMv ‡`wL‡q w`‡jb| DwbI ï‡b‡Qb
evevi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv KivI Zvi Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡e bv| wKš‘ GUvB Rvbv‡jb K‡Y©j Kvw`i‡K wZwb wPb‡Zb| 1971 mv‡ji 17 ‡h GKRb evOvjx ‡mbv Kg©KZ©v‡K ‡mLvb
ev¯—eZv hvi gy‡LvgywL Avgv‡`i n‡Z n‡q‡Q| GwcÖj cvuPjvB‡ki GKUv Lvwj RvqMvq Kgc‡¶ Av‡iv 18 mgvwnZ Kiv n‡qwQj| febwUi ‡Kqvi‡UKvi‡K ‡`wL‡q
Rb mn Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i ‡g‡iwQj cvwK¯—vbx ‡mbvevwnbx, ej‡jb, Òfe‡bi KvR ïi“ nIqvi ci ‡_‡K cÖvq cÖwZw`bB
PÆMÖv‡g ‡ek KÕevi Avmv-hvIqvi ci gv‡K e‡jwQjvg ‡h hv‡`i mgvwnZ K‡i‡Qb wZwb| Kgc‡¶ cvuPwU ey‡jU ey‡K Avwg GLv‡b G‡m kÖwgK‡`i wR‡Ám K‡iwQ Zviv ‡`nve‡kl
Zvi wcÖqR‡bi Ke‡ii ‡LvuR ‡c‡qwQ| wKš‘ Zv‡K Rxeš— wb‡q jywU‡q c‡owQ‡jb K‡Y©j Kvw`i| GI wbwðZ Ki‡jb ‡c‡q‡Q wKbv... wKš‘ Zviv memgq Pyc ‡_‡K‡Q bq‡Zv
wdwi‡q Avbv m¤¢e nqwb| ‡iWKª‡mi ‡UÖwms G‡RwÝ 1974 K‡Y©j Kvw`i Zvi Awd‡mi (A‡qj GÛ M¨vm ‡W‡fjc‡g›U A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q|Ó GI ej‡jb, ÒMYKe‡ii RvqMvUv Ab¨
mv‡jB e‡j w`‡qwQ‡jv ‡h evev Ôwb‡LuvR Ges aviYv Kiv nq K‡c©v‡ikb, hv GLb ‡c‡UÖvevsjv) ‡÷vi ‡_‡K we‡ùviK wewj As‡ki ‡_‡K GKUy DuPy|Ó
Zv‡K ‡g‡i ‡djv n‡q‡QÕ| wKš‘ Zv‡Z Zvi cwievi mš‘ó K‡iwQ‡jb Ges 1971 mv‡ji gv‡P© Awd‡m evsjv‡`‡ki
nqwb| A‡bK ‡LvRLei ‡bqv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ ‡KD ej‡Z cv‡iwb cZvKv Dwo‡q wQ‡jb| Zvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨iv Zv‡K ‡`‡L‡Q `vd‡bi RvqMvi Lye KvQvKvwQ _v‡Kb Ggb GKRb mv‡eK
Zv‡K ‡Kv_vq gviv n‡q‡Q| 70 bs cvuPjvB‡ki miKvix evmfe‡b evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv e¨emvqx‡K Lyu‡R ‡ei Kijvg| Dwb Zvi bvg cÖKv‡k
ïi“‡Z ‡KD ‡KD e‡jwQj Zv‡K PÆMÖv‡gi dqÕm ‡j‡Ki Iov‡Z| Awb”QyK| Rvbv‡jb Zvi Aíeqmx PvKi (‡`vnv‡ii Awaevmx
ILv‡b gviv n‡q‡Q| Avwg cÖwZeQi ‡mLv‡b ‡hZvg| dyj AvjvDwÏb, GLb Avi Zvi ILv‡b ‡bB) `vdbKvix‡`i m‡½
w`Zvg, cÖv_©bv KiZvg| 1991 mv‡j ‡ckvMZ Kvi‡Y PÆMÖvg wR‡Ám Kijvg Avgvi evev‡K wKfv‡e wPb‡Zb| DËi w`‡jb wQ‡jb| RvqMvUvI ‡`wL‡q‡Qb| 14 ‡_‡K 18 Rb wQ‡jb
hvIqvi Kvi‡Y Avwg ‡Rv‡i‡mv‡iB Zvi nw`k ‡ei Ki‡Z K‡Y©j Kvw`‡ii g‡Zv ‡jvKR‡bi m‡½ mL¨ Mo‡Z `jxq ILv‡b| ej‡jb Av‡M wKQy gvbyl ‡mLv‡b G‡m Kei ‡RqviZ
D‡Vc‡o jvMjvg| evevi Qwe wb‡q cvuPjvBk GjvKvq cwiKíbvi Ask wQ‡jv Zv| wbe©vPb cieZ©x APjve¯’v ïi“ Ki‡Zb, wKš‘ Zviv GLb Avi Av‡mb bv| Zvi ‡Q‡jI mvq
A‡bKevi wM‡qwQ| wPb‡Z cv‡i ‡f‡e hy‡×i mgq wKsev Zvi nIqvi ci ‡_‡K wbqwgZB Zvi Awdm Avi evmvq Avwg w`‡q Rvbv‡jb ‡h Zviv Rwgi gvwjK‡K Aby‡iva K‡iwQ‡jb
cici PÆMÖv‡g wQj Ggb ‡jvKRb‡K ‡`wL‡qwQ| wKš‘ wKQyB ‡hZvg| Bmjvg mv‡ne GKwU ‡÷Öv‡Ki wkKvi nIqvi ci Ke‡ii Ici GKUv evMvb evbv‡Z, wKš‘ ÔwKQy Kvi‡YÕ ‡ewk
‡g‡jwb| 2004 mv‡ji w`‡K ‡K ‡hb ejj kn‡ii ‡Kvb ‡_‡K AvswkK c¶vNvZMÖ¯’| ZviciI Kó ¯^xKvi K‡i PvcvPvwc K‡ibwb| e¨emvqx f`Ö‡jvK ‡mB GjvKvq ‡mbv‡`i
cvnv‡o bvwK nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K| wKš‘ ‡Kv‡bv cÖgvY Avgv‡K ‡mLv‡b (`vi Dm mvjvg, 34/G cvuPjvBk) wb‡q ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`Iqv K¨v‡Þ‡bi K_vI ej‡jb| jyUcvUmn Zvi wKQy
cvIqv hvqwb| ‡M‡jb| GKvs‡k `vi Dm mvjvg, Ab¨ As‡k bZyb GKwU Kg©Kv‡Ûi K_vI Rvbjvg|
fe‡bi KvR Pj‡Q| GLv‡bB Ae¯’vb ‡mB MYKe‡ii| Avgvi GB Z`‡š—i mgq wKQy gvby‡li m‡½ cwiPq n‡q‡Q
hLb nvj cÖvq ‡Q‡oB w`‡qwQjvg, gnvb Avj¬vnZvqvjv ej‡jb, Òwbe©vP‡bi ciciB Zvi m‡½ Avgvi cwiPq hviv ‡MvUv e¨vcviUv Nywi‡q w`‡Z m‡Pó wQ‡jb| ‡LuvR wb‡q
Avgv‡K PÆMÖvg wb‡q ‡M‡jb GKUv we‡kl Kv‡R| 2007 n‡qwQj| A‡bKevi Zvi Awd‡m ‡MwQ, evmvqI|Ó Bmjvg Rvbjvg hy×Kv‡j Zv‡`i f~wgKv wQj weZwK©Z| ¯’vbxq
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RvwZms‡Ni GKwU kvwš— wgk‡bi m`m¨‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ ‡jKPvi w`‡K wZwb ¸wji kã ‡kv‡bb| KvQvKvwQ wewfbœ evwoi 10 Rvbyqvwi ‡_‡K GK mßv‡ni Rb¨ fe‡bi wbg©vYKvR eÜ
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gvndyRyi ingv‡bi ‡jLv ÔevOvjxi RvZxqev`x msMÖvg, Av‡iv K‡qKRb wQ‡jv... Kv‡QB g°x gmwR‡`i Bgvg m¤§vY Ki‡ZB Avgv‡`i GLb GjvKvUv `ª“Z msiw¶Z Ki‡Z
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Rbmn K‡Y©j Kvw`i‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡qwQj| RwgUvi Dci w`‡q| hš¿Yvgq hvÎvi ‡kl nq|
Avwg Wv³vi ingvb‡K Ly‡R ‡ei Kijvg, wZwb Avgv‡K wb‡q Gici nVvr K‡iB K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹yj I K‡j‡Ri
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G‡Zvw`b ci Avcbv‡`i Uwgi Mí ej‡Z n‡e GgbUv KLbI ejwQ - ‡mBw`b `ycy‡i evmvi eviv›`v w`‡q ‡K ‡hb ‡`Š‡o n‡e |
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g‡b ‡bB| GUv g‡b ivLvi g‡Zv ‡Kvb NUbvI bv| wKš‘ Uwgi Zvi¯^‡i ‡ND ‡ND Ry‡o w`‡qwQ‡jv| 2.
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Avgv‡`i ‡Ljvi mv_x n‡q D‡VwQ‡jv| mevi N‡ii evB‡i I‡`i P‡j hvevi ci AveŸv D‡V GKUv Rjš— Kycx evwZ wb‡q hvqwb| QvÎ-hyeKiv wbwðZ hy‡×i AvksKvq cÖwZ‡iv‡ai R‡b¨
hvIqv wb‡la| ZvB evmvi eviv›`vq Uwg‡K bvbvb KmiZ eÜ NiUv‡Z ‡M‡jb| ZLb Ggwb‡ZB we`y¨‡Zi e¨e¯’v wQ‡jv cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z _v‡K| ¸Re ‡kvbv ‡Mj, wenvix cvov ‡_‡K ‡mB
‡kLv‡Z e¨¯— n‡q ‡M‡jb eo fvB ‡ev‡biv| Avgiv ‡QvUiv bv - ZvB GKUv Kywc evwZi Av‡jv‡Z evmvi me‡P‡q eo hy×cÖ¯—ywZi Lei I cÖ¯—ywZ MÖnYiZ QvÎ-hyeK‡`i bvgavg
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hÏyi g‡b c‡o w`bwU GwcÖj gv‡mi ‡Kvb GKw`b n‡e| Kvib Dwb - AveŸv‡K D`©y‡Z wKQy ejwQ‡jb, hvi A_© Avgiv eyS‡Z ‡_‡K K‡qKw`b Avgv‡`i evmvq jywK‡q wQ‡jv ‡ki Avjxi
gv‡P©i ‡k‡li w`‡K XvKv ‡_‡K P‡j G‡mwQ‡jv wek¦we`¨vjq cvwiwb| Z‡e hv eyS‡Z cvijvg - AveŸv ‡mB i“gUv AvcvZZ evev| iv‡Z Avm‡Zv ‡ki Avjx Avi Ii ‡QvU fvB| wKQy¶Y
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169
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Zvi ‡m R½‡ji wfZ‡i ‡`Lv hvw”Q‡jv wf‡R ‡gvUv n‡q hvIqv
3. AveŸvi wcÖq jvj eB¸‡jv| 5.
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AveŸv wfZ‡i Xy‡K ‡M‡j `iRvi dvuK w`‡q DwK w`‡q ‡`wL, ‡`wLwb|
‡MU ‡cwi‡q LvwbKUv ‡Lvjv RvqMv, Zvici cvKv eviv›`vg‡Zv GKUv mv`v c¨v›U bx‡Pi w`‡K ¸Uv‡bv, mv`vkvU© Avi Mjvq
wm‡g‡›Ui PvZvj| ‡mB ‡Lvjv RvqMvq Nvm MwR‡q Avgv‡`i jvj i“gvj evuav ‡ki Avjx wei³ gy‡L `vwo‡q Av‡Q| 6.
g‡Zv ‡QvU‡`i Mjvi mgvb DuPy n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡mB Nvm miv‡ZB Avgv‡`i GKRb‡K ‡`‡L GKUv ‡`kjvB w`‡Z e‡j c¨v‡›Ui gyw³hy× Avi Zvi cieZ©x mgq Avgv‡`i cwievi‡K A‡bK
cvuKv U‡g‡Uvi MÜ, Nv‡mi wfZ‡i ‡`Ljvg kkv MvQ Avi c‡KU ‡_‡K GKUv wmMv‡i‡Ui c¨v‡KU ‡ei Ki‡jv| Avgiv PovB DrivB cvi n‡Z n‡q‡Q| ‡mB KwVb mg‡q Avgv‡`i
Zv‡Z cÖPyi kkv a‡i Av‡Q| wgwó Kygov Avi Pvj Kygovi mevB ‡evKv n‡q ‡Mjvg , ‡evb‡`i GKRb ej‡jv - Ô†ki B”Qvq ‡nvK ev Awb”QvqB ‡nvK - Uwg Avgv‡`i mv‡_ wQ‡jv|
170
m~wPcÎ |
Avgv‡`i evmvi eviv›`vq ‡_‡K AZ›`Öcnixi ïb‡Z n‡jv - KviY Wv³vi K_v ej‡Z
f~wgKv wb‡q‡Q| nq‡Zv ‡mB Kvi‡YB Uwg‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Q| ivRvKvi-Avje`i‡`i cÖwZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wjd‡jU
GKUv KwVb AvNvZ ‡c‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i AveŸv Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb - Uwg wK wd‡i‡Q?
‡evbiv eo n‡q‡Q - Avi cvovi eLv‡U
‡Q‡j‡`i wbqwgZ nuvUvi iv¯—v wnmv‡e e¨eüZ
Avwg gv_v ‡b‡o bv ‡evaK Reve w`jvg|
AveŸv ej‡jb - ÔUwg Rxe‡bi ‡kl w`‡b Ii
G‡mv gyw³i I b¨v‡qi msMÖv‡g...
n‡Zv Avgv‡`i evmvi mvg‡bi iv¯—vUv| wKš‘ K…ZÁZv Rvwb‡q ‡Mj| KviY Avgv‡`i ‡mÖd Av`wk©K Kvi‡Y| wKsev nq‡Zv cwiw¯’wZi Pv‡cB| 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy×Kv‡j gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
Uwgi Kvi‡Y ‡mB ‡ivwgI‡`i Kvwe¨K AvPiY evmvq hw` I gviv ‡hZ Zv n‡j Avgv‡`i g‡ZvB GK ev¯—e wQj ivRvKvi-Avj e`i| ¯^vaxbZvKvgx‡`i wecixZ A¶| g~`vÖ i Ab¨wcV|
e¨vnZ n‡Zv nq‡Zv - ZvB GKw`b iv‡Î Kó n‡Zv| ‡mB KóUv ‡_‡K Avgv‡`i RvwZMZfv‡e ZvivI evOvjx| evsjviB R‡j-nvIqvq ‡e‡o IVv| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i gv_vq e¨vcviUv
‡`wL eviv›`vq i³ Avi Uwg GK‡Kv‡Y e‡m evuPv‡Z `~‡i wM‡q gviv ‡M‡Q|Õ wQj| ZvB hyׇk‡l e½eÜyi mvaviY ¶gv ‡NvlYvi Av‡M Zv‡`i Zi‡dB AvnŸvb Rvbv‡bv n‡qwQj
KuyB KyuB K‡i Kvu`‡Q| Kv‡Q Av‡jv wb‡q Avgvi wfZi ‡_‡K GKUv Kvbœv G‡m Gme NvZK-`vjvj‡`i| K…ZK‡g© AbyZß n‡q Zviv ‡hb we‡e‡Ki WvK ‡kv‡b|
‡`wL Uwgi Mv‡q weivU GKUv ¶Z - ‡KD Avgv‡K cÖPÛ av°vq ‡hb Avgv‡K SuvKzwb wKš‘ ‡K ‡kv‡b! hv‡nvK, gyw³hy‡×i 6 b¤^i ‡m±‡ii `wjjc‡Î cvIqv ‡M‡Q GKwU wjd‡jU| G‡Z
GKRb `v w`‡q ‡Kvc w`‡q GKUv Mfxi w`‡qwQ‡jv| Avwg D”P¯^‡i ‡Ku‡` DV‡j ivRvKvi I e`i evwnbxi evOvjx‡`i cÖwZ evsjv‡`k gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Zid ‡_‡K ‡h WvK ‡`Iqv
¶Z ‰Zix K‡i‡Q| Gw`‡K AveŸv LyeB mevB a‡i Avgv‡K Avevi ‡UÖPvi ‡_‡K n‡qwQj, Zv wQj GiKg :
Amy¯’| Uwg‡K cï nvmcvZv‡j wb‡Z A‡bK mwi‡qwQ‡jv| mgMÖ ev½vjxRvwZ AvR gyw³ msMÖv‡g Svwc‡q c‡o‡Q| N…Y¨ cwðg cvwK¯—vbx `Lj`vi ‡mbvevwnbx‡K
‡Póv Kwi| GKRb ‡QvU gvby‡li hv me‡P‡q m¤ú~Y© civwRZ wbwðý K‡i gy³ Ki‡Z n‡e ‡mvbvi evsjv‡`k| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b ‡Zvgv‡`i
eo A¯¿ Zv n‡jv Kvbœv Avi Abk‡bi ûgwK ‡mB w`bUv wQj 1972 mv‡ji 15 wW‡m¤^i| fvB, eÜy, AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q weRvZxq cvK‡mbviv, ev½vjx gv-‡evb‡`i Dc‡i GmKj
‡`Iqv - ZvB e¨envi K‡iwQ| Ae‡k‡l c‡ii w`b 16 wW‡m¤^i - gy³ ¯^vaxb `m¨yiv K‡i‡Q cvkweK wbg©g AZ¨vPvi, kn‡i I MÖv‡gi iv¯—vq iv¯—vq ¯—cy xK…Z n‡q‡Q ev½vjxi
AveŸvi Awd‡mi wcqb ‡Kv_v ‡_‡K wKQy cwi‡e‡k cÖ_g weRq w`em cvwjZ n‡jv| g…Z‡`n| fvBme, ev½vjx n‡q ‡`‡ki I RvwZi GB msKUgq gyn‡~ Z© ‡Zvgiv ‡hvM w`‡qQ ev½vjxi
gjg Avi e¨‡ÛR G‡b Uwg‡K ‡WÖwms K‡i `vi“Y Avb‡›`i cwi‡ek Pvwiw`‡K| wKš‘ wei“‡× we‡`kx kvmK ‡Mvôxi mv‡_| kÎyi cyZjy ‡mbv n‡q wb‡Ri RvwZi Ges wb‡Ri fvB-‡evb‡`i
w`‡qwQ‡jv| wKš‘ G‡Z ‡kl i¶v n‡jv bv| Avgv‡`i cwiev‡ii wQ‡jv Mfxi AÜKvi Dc‡i wbh©vZb gyL ey‡R ‡g‡b wb‡Z Ges GB Ab¨vq Kv‡h© kÎyi mnvqZv Ki‡Z ‡Zvgv‡`i wK j¾v
Uwgi ¶Z¯’v‡b gvwQ emv ïi“ Ki‡jv| Uwg Avi AwbwðZ fwel¨‡Zi hvÎv ïi“ w`b| K‡i bv?
mvivw`b Nywg‡q _vK‡Zv - LvIqv `vIqvI Avgiv kswKZ wQjvg - AveŸv wK KLbI my¯’ cvK‡mbviv Zv‡`i mvgÖvR¨ev`x kvmb eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ ‡Zvgv‡`i ewji cuvVv evwb‡q‡Q| ‡Zvgvi
‡Q‡oB w`‡qwQ‡jv| GKmgq cÖPÛ `yM©Ü n‡q wd‡i Avm‡eb? msmv‡ii GKgvÎ Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q Zywg ‡Zvgvi AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb I ¯^‡`kevmxi wbKU cv‡e wa°vi, Acgvb I jvÃbv|
Qov‡bv ïi“ n‡jv Uwgi ¶Z ‡_‡K| Ii DcvR©¶g gvbylwU hw` wd‡i bv Av‡m ‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i fvB, Avgv‡`i RvZxq ¯^v_© Awfbœ| ‡¯^”Qvq ‡Zvgv‡`i A‡b‡KB nqZ ivRvKvi ev
mvg‡b hvIqvI KwVb n‡q ‡Mj| Avgv‡`i R‡b¨ fwel¨‡Zi mgq¸‡jv ‡Kgb e`i n‡q ev½vjxi wei“‡× A¯¿aviY Kiwb| Ae¯’vi Pv‡c c‡oB nqZ Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|
n‡e? fvewQjvg - hw` hy×Uv bv n‡Zv - Z‡e ‡Zvgv‡`i wbKU GKvš— Aby‡iva, ‡Zvgiv kÎyi PKªvš— evbPvj K‡i `vI| ‡Zvgv‡`i A¯¿k¯¿ m‡½
7. wK Avgv‡`i KwVb Ae¯’vq co‡Z n‡Zv? wb‡q wbf©‡q gyw³ evwnbxi wbKU¯’ wkwe‡i P‡j G‡mv| G ch©š— ivRvKvi I e`i evwnbxi eû ev½vjx
GKw`b ‡fv‡i D‡V Uwg‡K ‡`L‡Z ‡Mjvg| GB iK‡gi nvRv‡iv `ywðš—v gb‡K welYœ hyeK gyw³ evwnbxi wbKU AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i‡Q| Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K ‡c‡q‡Q ¶gv Ges Zv‡`i A‡b‡K AvR
wKš‘ nvq, Uwg KB? Ii KyÛjx cvwK‡q ï‡q K‡i ‡d‡jwQ‡jv| Ab¨w`‡K Uwgi Aš—a©v‡b gyw³ evwnbxi exi ‰mwbK| ‡ZvgivI gyw³ evwnbx‡Z ‡hvM w`‡q ‡`‡ki I Rbmvavi‡Yi ‡mev K‡i
_vKvi RvqMvUv Lvwj| mvivw`b A‡c¶v ‡Zvgv‡`i Rxeb ab¨ Ki| cÖwZ mßv‡n `yB kZvwaK ivRvKvi I e`i Ab_©K cÖvY nviv‡”Q
Avgv‡`i evmvqI GKUv k~b¨Zv m…wó n‡q
Kijvg| Uwg G‡jv bv| Gw`‡K AveŸvi gyw³‡dŠ‡Ri nv‡Z ïay GB iYv½‡b| ‡ckv`vi Svby `vjvj‡`i Avgiv ¶gv Kwi bv, wKš‘ ‡hmKj
wQ‡jv| GB me AwbðqZv Avi k~b¨Zv‡K ev½vjx hyeK Ae¯’vi Pv‡c c‡o ev fyjekZt kÎyi PKªv‡š— c‡o ivRvKvi ev e`i `‡j ‡hvM w`‡q‡Q
kixiI fxlY Lvivc n‡q ‡Mj| iv‡Zi ‡UÖ‡b gv_vq wb‡q mvivw`b iv¯—vq iv¯—vq Ny‡i
AveŸv‡K XvKv cvVv‡bv n‡e| mevB ‡mB Zviv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q P‡j G‡j cv‡e ¶gv, wek¦vm, Dchy³ m¤§vb I ‡mœn|
‡ewo‡q hLb ‡`wL m~h© Wy‡e ‡M‡Q - ZLb Rq Avgv‡`i Awbevh¨©| evsjv‡`‡ki mKj RbmvaviY, mKj ‡`k‡cÖwgK I mKj wPš—vkxj bvMwiK
Av‡qvRb wb‡q e¨¯—| Uwgi g‡Zv c‡_i AÜKvi g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡jv - evmvq wdi‡Z Avgv‡`i c‡¶| we‡k¦i mKj mr I b¨vqevb gvbyl Avgv‡`i c‡¶, KviY Avgv‡`i msMÖvg b¨v‡qi
KyKy‡ii R‡b¨ Kv‡iv GKUy mgqI ‡bB| n‡e| Ae‡k‡l AÜKvi‡K fq ‡c‡q wd‡i msMÖvg, gyw³i msMÖvg I Ab¨v‡qi wei“‡× wbh©vwZ‡Zi msMÖvg| cig Ki“Yvgq Avj¬vnZvqvjv b¨vq
‡mBUvB ¯^vfvweK| iv‡Z hLb AveŸv‡K Gjvg welv`gq evmvq - ‡hLv‡b Uwg ‡bB - a‡giÖ c‡¶| wZwbB Avgv‡`i mnvqK| j¶ j¶ knx‡`i kw³ Avgv‡`i mnvqK| Bbkvj¬vn, ev½vjx
‡UÖPv‡i K‡i ‡ei Kiv n‡”Q - myigv ‡gB‡j AveŸvI ‡bB| RvwZ AwP‡iB weR‡qi, ¯^vaxbZvi I ‡MŠi‡ei AwaKvix n‡e| G‡mv gyw³i I b¨v‡qi msMÖv‡g kixK
DVv‡bv n‡e - ZLb AveŸv Avgv‡K n‡q ZywgI ‡mB ‡MŠi‡ei AwaKvix n‡e|
WvK‡jb| gy‡Li Lye Kv‡Q wM‡q AveŸvi K_v 1 Ryb 2008 Rq evsjv|
171
m~wPcÎ |
71 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS ‡Kvb GKUv mgq| Avgvi GKevi e‡j, "Avc‡b bv Avgvi PvP‡Zv fvB...! Avc‡b
jvk wN‡i kKy‡bi
¯§…wZkw³ we‡UÖ Ki‡Q B`vwbs Avgvi mv‡_, bvn‡j
ZvwiLUv mn ejv ‡h‡Zv| Avgv‡`i gvae`x GjvKvq hy‡×
GB Rvwjg‡Mv nqv Avgv‡i gv‡iv‡bi jvBM¨v jBqv
hvBZv‡Qb, ikx` fvB? An‡bv mgq Av‡Q Avgiv B”Qv
weK…Z Dj¬vm
wjß Av‡Q K‡qKUv gyw³‡mbvi Mªyc| ‡Zgwb GK Mªy‡ci Ki‡jB G‡Mv‡i k¨vl KBiv w`Zvg cvwi...|" ivRvKvi
KgvÛvi Av‡bvqvi| fxlY mvnmx Avi wbwf©K| AvjMx ikx` ZLb Av‡bvqvi‡K agK w`‡q e‡j, "‡`‡ki j‡M Zxi›`vR
bvgK MÖv‡g GK Acv‡ik‡b Av‡m| GB AvjMx MÖv‡gi MvÏvix KiQm ZyB| Gnb ‡Zv‡i gvqv KBiv Avwg gigy
Ae¯’vb gvae`x evRvi ‡_‡K Lye ‡ewk `~‡i bq| gvae`x wbwn"?
evRv‡i Acv‡ikb Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Kv›`vcvov Avi AvjMx evwoi wb‡P KvVvj Mv‡Qi mv‡_ evuav nq wZbRb gyw³ gwiPvKvw›` ‡_‡K biwms`x| j‡Â MÖv‡gi mvaviY
MÖv‡gi Ae¯’vb we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wQ‡jv| ‡mbvbx‡K| Zvici ivRvKvi ikx‡`i wb‡`©‡k Zvu‡`i eyK gvby‡li mv‡_ kû‡i mv‡ne‡`i fxo| cÖwZwU
byivjvcyi n‡q Av‡bvqv‡ii Mªyc AvjMx fyuBqv evwo‡Z eivei Pvjv‡bv nq ¸wj| ¸wji av°vq ‡`n¸‡jv jvwd‡q ‡Pnviv‡ZB fq Avi `yf©vebvi Qvc| cÖwZwU gvbylB ‡hb
Ae¯’vb ‡bq| cvK-nvbv`vi‡`i f‡q AvjMx MÖvg cÖvq I‡V, i‡³ ‡f‡m hvq KuvVvj Mv‡Qi Zjv...| ikx‡`iv gyZ¨‡K mvg‡b ‡i‡LB ‡ewi‡q‡Q c‡_| Kv‡iv mv‡_
dvuKv ZLb| AvjMx MÖv‡g ZLb BZ¯—Z ‡SuvcSvo Avi wd‡i hvq GKmgq| Av‡bvqvi‡`i jvk ‡d‡j ‡i‡L hvq Kv‡iv K_v ‡bB, ‡m mvnmI nvwi‡q ‡d‡j‡Q mevB|
R½j| GKUv eo, gvwUi iv¯—v G‡K‡eu‡K gvae`x i‡³i bvjvq| b`xi cvwb ‡_‡K ‡f‡m Avm‡Q `yM©Ü| fq¼i `yM©Ü,
evRv‡ii w`‡K P‡j ‡M‡Q| fyuBqv evwoi ‡`vZjv Avwg h‡ZveviB H evwowUi mvg‡b w`‡q ‡hZvg, fqvj `yM©Ü| mevi ‡PvL b`xi ey‡K wbe×, `…wó‡Z
`vjvbwU‡Z M‡o I‡V Av‡bvqvi‡`i Av¯—vbv| D‡Ïk¨, ZZeviB g‡b n‡Zv- nq‡Zv wVK GLvbUv‡ZB c‡owQ‡jv
‡e`bvi Qvc| wK‡mi GB `yM©Ü?
GLvb ‡_‡KB Av‡¯— Av‡¯— gvae`x evRvi gy³ K‡i Av‡bvqv‡ii gyw³Kvgx kixiwU, nq‡Zv GL‡bv wZwb ‡Nvjv
‡Pv‡L ZvwK‡q Av‡Qb Avgvi w`‡K GK wRÁvmy `…wó jvk! jvk! jvk! G `yM©Ü jv‡ki| cïi bq, gvby‡li
mvg‡b cvuP‡`vbvi w`‡K G¸‡e Zvuiv| me c¬¨vb wVK nq|
K‡e Acv‡ikb n‡e, ‡K ‡Kv_vq, ‡Kvbw`K w`‡q wb‡q| Avwg, ¯^vaxbZv-DËi GK cÖRb¥, Kx-B ev Ki‡Z jvk| kZ kZ evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li| bvix,
AZwK©‡Z nvgjv Pvjv‡eÑ mewKQy| Acv‡ik‡bi Av‡Mi ‡c‡iwQ Av‡bvqvi‡`i Rb¨? cyi“l, wkï wbwe©‡k‡l|
iv‡Z, hLb mevB Mfxi Ny‡g| ZLbB nVvr ey‡Ui aycavc wKQy ‡h Kwiwb ZvI ‡Zv bq| hLb ‡m‡f‡b cwo ZLb
AvIqv‡R Nyg ‡f‡O hvq Av‡bvqvi‡`i| wKQy †evSvi ikx` ivRvKv‡ii ‡QvU fvB Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z Av‡m| biwms`x ‡_‡K XvKv Aewa evmhvÎv| iv¯—vq iv¯—vq evm
Av‡MB evwowU wZbw`K ‡_‡K wN‡i ‡d‡j cvK ‡mbviv| Avwg mevi mvg‡bB wPrKvi w`‡q e‡jwQjvg, "‡Zvgvi _vwg‡q Zj¬vwk| nv‡qbvi KywUj ‡Pnvivq AvRivBj
evwK GKw`‡K KvuUveb| j¤^v Pvey‡Ki g‡Zv jZvi mviv fvB GKUv ivRvKvi..."| cÖej kvm‡bi ‡fZi ivLv ‡m‡R cvwK‡mbv‡`i `j, Avi Zv‡`i‡K mnvqZvq
Mv‡q KvuUv| H KvuUvi Nb R½j wQ‡jv ‡mw`KUvq| Avgvi gv Avgvi GgbZi 'JׇZ¨' ‡mw`b wKQyB e‡jwb| ivRvKv‡ii kKywb ‡PvL| G hvÎv AcwiwPZ bq|
K‡qKRb Syc Syc K‡i jvwd‡q c‡o ‡mB KvuUvq| ‡Kvb ‡KD hw` XvKv ‡_‡K wm‡jU hvb, cvuPiƒLx evRv‡ii ci cvuP‡`vbv evRvi| cÖvq cÖwZwU ‡`vKvb cy‡o f¯§xfyZ|
g‡Z mviv kixi wQ‡j ‡ei n‡q ‡`Š‡o P‡j hvq ‡WŠKv`xi GKUv RvqMvq 'DU gvK©v ‡XDwUb'-Gi KviLvbv ‡`L‡Z iv¯—vi `yÕcv‡k jvk| Av¸‡b ‡cvov jvk, e›`y‡Ki
w`‡K| cvjv‡Z cv‡i bv Av‡bvqvimn K‡qKRb| AvUKv cv‡eb| RvqMvUvi bvg evMevwo| ‡jvKvj ev‡mi GLv‡b ¸wj‡Z ¶Zwe¶Z Avgvi fvB‡ev‡bi jvk! Avi ‡m
c‡o Zviv| GKUv ÷‡cR Av‡Q, "ikx` ivRvKv‡ii evwo"| jvk wN‡i kKy‡bi weK…Z Dj¬vm! iv¯—vi av‡i Lv‡j we‡j
N‡i N‡i Zj¬vwk nq| cvIqv hvq hy‡×i bvbv miÄvg| weGbwc-RvgvqvZ ¶gZvq Avmvi ci g‡b nq ÷‡cRUv
jvk| Kv‡iv kixi Lye‡j ‡L‡q‡Q gvQ, KvK Avi
"mv¶vr gyw³"- cÖgvwYZ| GwM‡q Av‡m ikx`, ivRvKvi Hfv‡e Avi e‡j bv ‡KD|
‡jvKwU GL‡bv RxweZ ‡h! kKy‡bi `j| GKwU jv‡ki K_v GLbI ‡Pv‡Li mvg‡b
ikx` bv‡g whwb GLb me©vwaK cwiwPZ| gvae`xi A`~‡i
evMevwo bvgK RvqMvq hvi evwo| Zvi wb‡`©‡k ‡eu‡a ‡`L‡Z cvB| A‡a©K cvwb‡Z, A‡a©K Wv½vq| k³ n‡q
‡djv nq Av‡bvqvi Avi Zvui m½x‡`i| Av‡bvqvi ïay 31 ‡k gvP©, 2007 hvIqv `yÕnvZ DPy K‡i Zjv| `yB nv‡Z RjR AvMvQv
Sy‡j Zmweni g‡Zv| g‡b n‡”Q, Avj¬vni Kv‡Q
dwiqv` Zvi g…Zz¨i Av‡M| G `…k¨ Kv‡iv ‡`qv eY©bv 172
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m~wPcÎ |
gwZwSj evwbwR¨K GjvKv| gaywgZv wm‡bgv nj|
¯Z‚cxK…Z K‡i Rwg‡q ivLv jvk! gvby‡li jvk|
GKRb gyw³‡hv×v evev I Zvui mš—vb G‡`‡ki gyw³Kvgx gvby‡li jvk| Avi kKy‡bi Dj¬vm!
AvRI ‡`wL ‡mB kKy‡biB Dj¬vm! ‡Kb GZ jvk?
cÖ‡PZ¨ Kviv GB MYnZ¨vi ‡nvZv Avi Zv‡`i ‡`vmi? BwZnvm
wK wb‡RB wbnZ? AvRI wK Zvi cÖgvY w`‡Z n‡e ‡h,
Gi ‡nvZv cvwK¯—vbx ee©i evwnbx Avi Zv‡`i ‡`vmi
weR‡qi G w`‡b ‡Kvb ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a hvIqv nq bv, bv ‡Kvb hvevi ‡bkvq `kUv ey‡jU we× kKy‡bi ‡`n Avi GKwU ivRvKvi, Avj e`i, Avi Avj kvg‡mi ‰ckvwPK
mgvwai cvUvZ‡b GK¸”Q jvj-meyR ‡Mvjvc ‡`qv nq, ey‡j‡Ui A‡c¶v, 9 gv‡mi mk¯¿ msMÖv‡g cv‡ki fvB‡qi MYnZ¨vi dmj?
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hv‡e bv, ‡Kvb Avb›` wgwQ‡j Dj¬vmiZ Zi“Y-Zi“Yxi Awfkvc ‡`qv, mš—vb nviv‡bv gv-Gi nvnvRvwii AvZ©bv`
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gvSLvb ‡_‡K GK eywo D`q nj, Avi n‡jv ‡Zv n‡jv, iv¯—v Ki‡j wZwb ‡mvRv ¸wj Ki‡eb, Gici hv nq ‡nvK| eva¨ gy‡QwQjvg mevB, ‡kÖvZviv| g‡b n‡jv, mevB‡K GKevi
cvi n‡q Ab¨w`‡K hvevi e`‡j ‡mvRv weÖ‡Ri Dci DV‡jv| n‡q Ab¨iv ‡g‡b wb‡jv| hvB ‡nvK, ‡`Lv ‡Mj Abygvb wVK, ‡kvbvB, bvBev _vK‡jv AmvaviY ‡Kvb exiZ¡Mv_v, ‡kvbv‡Z
GBev‡i mevi gv_vq nvZ| Mvwo¸‡jvI weÖ‡Ri Lye Kv‡Q P‡j eywo weÖR cvi n‡q‡Q| cvKevwnbxI cÖvq cvi n‡q ‡Zv mgm¨v ‡bB|]
176
m~wPcÎ |
GK ivwÎi Mí
iw³g
ivZ mv‡o 9Uv wK 10Uv ev‡R| bvRgyj m¨vi gvÎ PvPx‡K
ej‡jv ZvovZvwo ‡L‡q jvBU Ad Ki‡Z| w`bKvj fv‡jv
hv‡”Q bv| hZ mveav‡b _vKv hvq ZZB fv‡jv| K_vUv
‡kl bv n‡ZB N‡ii Kov bvov‡bvi kã n‡jv| mevi eyK
‡Ku‡c ‡M‡jv| wkDwj Avi Pqb gvi AvP‡ji wb‡P Romo
n‡q Kuvc‡Q| bvRgyj m¨vi PvPx‡K wkDwj Avi Pqb‡K
wb‡q ‡fZ‡ii N‡i ‡h‡Z ej‡jb| PvPx evievi eviY
Ki‡jv N‡ii `iRv ‡Lvjvi `iKvi ‡bB, wKš‘ ‡hfv‡e
`iRv av°v w`‡”Q Gfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡j ‡k‡l ‡f‡O ‡dj‡e
[Avgvi evevi KvQ ‡_‡K ‡kvbv ‡QvÆ GK UyK‡iv NUbv] n‡e| evm WÖvBfvi‡K ejv nq bvix wkïmn Ab¨vb¨‡`i e‡j `iRv Ly‡j w`‡jv| LvwK ‡cvkvK civ 7-8Rb
wb‡q P‡j ‡h‡Z| evev wQ‡jb jvB‡b mevi ‡cQ‡b, XyK‡jv| Zvi g‡a¨ GKR‡bi gyL evuav| PvPx c`©vi Avovj
XvKv ‡gwW‡K‡ji bZyb ‡h e¨vPwUi K¬vk ïi“ nIqvi K_v ev‡mi ‡cQb `iRvi KvQvKvwQ| jvB‡b `uvo Kwi‡q w`‡q ‡`L‡jv LvwK ‡cvlv‡Ki gvbyl¸‡jv GB N‡i Avm‡Q|
71 Gi ïi“‡Z , Zvi GKRb Avgvi evev| eqm ZL‡bv eÖvkdvqvi Kiv wQj cvK Avwg©i wbZ¨‰bwgwËK NUbv| bvRgyj m¨vi‡K Gi g‡a¨ nvZ ‡eu‡a ‡d‡j‡Q | wkDwj
18 cvi n‡Z ‡ek K‡qK gvm evwK| gv‡P©i ïi“i w`b Rxe‡bi Avkv ‡Q‡o w`‡q evev ZLb Kv‡jgv co‡Qb| Avi Pqb‡K Uvb ‡g‡i Gcv‡k wb‡q Avmj| `ywbqvUv Lye
¸‡jv‡Z evev XvKv‡ZB wQ‡jb| 7 gvP© ‡im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b Gi gv‡S ‡Lqvj K‡ib jvB‡bi ïi“i w`‡K cvK ‡QvU n‡q Avmj| bvRgyj m¨vi‡K a‡i wb‡q ‡M‡jv| PvPx
e½eÜyi wgwUs‡q Ask ‡bb| cwiw¯’wZ Lviv‡ci w`‡K ‰mb¨‡`i RUjv K‡i Lye gb‡hvM w`‡q wKQy GKUv cvMjcÖvq n‡q mvivw`b N‡i e‡m _v‡Kb| wkDjx Avi
‡h‡Z cv‡i Ggb AvksKvq 7 gv‡P©i c‡iB evev XvKv ‡`L‡Z| ev‡m GKRb e…× hvÎx LuvPvq f‡i KvgivOv Pqb ‡Ljv K‡i ‡eovq evoxi ‡QvÆ DVvbUv‡Z| cv‡ki
‡Q‡o ‡`‡ki evwo P‡j hvb| wb‡q hvw”Q‡jb| cvwK¯—vwb Mvav¸‡jvi Kv‡Q A‡Pbv G evoxi fvexiv PvPx‡K ev‡ci evwo ‡_‡K Avm‡Z ej‡jv
XvKv-AvwiPv mo‡K ZLb A‡bK¸‡jv weÖR wQj bv, djwU‡K m‡›`nRbK g‡b nq| ‡MÖ‡b‡Wi mv‡_ AvK…wZ‡Z K‡qKw`‡bi Rb¨| GKw`b mKvj bv n‡ZB iIqvbv w`‡jv
gv‡Si b`x¸‡jv cvivcv‡ii GKgvÎ Dcvq wQj ‡bŠKv| mvgvb¨ wgj _vKvq Zviv `vwe K‡i G¸‡jv ‡MÖ‡bW| e…× PvPx, wkDjx, Pqb I cv‡mi evoxi Kvgv‡ji evev| mviv
hvevi c‡_ wZwb ‡`‡Lb, AmsL¨ gvbyl XvKv Qvo‡Z ïi“ ZLb dj ‡L‡q cÖgvY Ki‡Qb G¸‡jv ‡MÖ‡bW bv| Avi iv¯—vq WyK‡i WyK‡i Kuv`‡Z jvMj PvPx| Kvgv‡ji evev
K‡i‡Q| ZLb Zv‡K wN‡i `uvov‡bv ‡MÖ‡bW we‡ùvi‡Yi f‡q ZU¯’ wkDjx Avi Pqb‡K wb‡q e‡m Av‡Q| cv‡kB GKUv b`x|
gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡j GwcÖj gv‡m evev ivRkvnx P‡j hvb 4/5 Rb cvK‡mbv| A‡bK ‰kevj R‡g‡Q| A‡bK ‡jv‡Ki fxo ‡`Lv hv‡”Q|
fviZ mxgv‡š— A‡¯¿i ‡UÖwbs wb‡Z| ivRkvnx ‡_‡K cvebv evevmn jvB‡b `vov‡bv AviI GKRb my‡hvMUv Kv‡R wK g‡b K‡i Kvgv‡ji evev f¨vb `vo Kwi‡q fxo ‡V‡j
Avmvi c‡_ bv‡Uv‡ii KvQvKvwQ cvK Avwg©i 4/5 Rb jvMv‡Z m¶g nb, KvgivOv‡Z wbe× ‡mbv‡`i `…wó mvg‡b ‡M‡jv| Wvb cv Avi evg nvZ KvUv GKUv jvk|
hvÎxevnx evm ‡_‡K mevB‡K bvwg‡q mvP© ïi“ K‡i| 16 Gwo‡q ‡cQ‡bi `iRvi cv-`vwb‡Z e‡m c‡ob, kixiUv dy‡j D‡V‡Q mv‡_ `yM©Ü mevi bv‡K Kvco| PvPx
‡_‡K 25 eQi e‡qmx‡`i Avjv`v GKUv jvB‡b `uvo Kªj K‡i K‡i ev‡mi cvUvZ‡b ‡U‡b ‡Zv‡jb| Gi mv‡_ GKev‡iB wPb‡Z fyj Ki‡jv bv| ‡`Š‡o wM‡q Rwo‡q
Kwi‡q ejv nq, Zv‡`i‡K wRÁvmvev` K‡i ‡Q‡o ‡`qv mv‡_B evm ‡Q‡o ‡`q... ai‡jb| wKQyw`b c‡ii K_v| wkDjxi gv LvIqv `vIqv
eÜ K‡i ‡`q| d‡j Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o| wKQyw`b ci gviv
hvq| wkDwj I Pqb gvgvevwo‡ZB gvbyl n‡Z _v‡K| 177
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³hy‡×i weR‡qi 31 Zg evwl©Kx cvwjZ n‡q ‡Mj MZ 16 `w¶Y cÖv‡š— GKwU cÖwZ‡iva hy‡×i m¤§ywLb nq| †mB cÖwZ‡iva eQi| evwo ‡PŠiv¯—v msjMœ bvwRicyi MÖv‡g| GKvˇii cy‡iv
wW‡m¤^i 2002| ZviB cÖv°v‡j ‡bvqvLvjxÕi gyw³hy‡×i hy‡×i †bZ…Z¡ †`q knx` mv‡jn Avn¤§`, Rwni“j Bmjvg, wc›Uy bq gvm Ave`ym †mvevnvb †PŠiv¯—vi Kv‡jv cy‡ji c~e© cv‡k¦©i
BwZnv‡m cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi b…ksmZvi GKwU AKw_Z cÖgyL| H cvK mvgwiK kw³i wbKU civf~Z n‡q cÖwZ‡iva hy× †envj Rv‡j gvQ a‡i RxweKv wbe©vn Ki‡Zv| ZLb Kv‡jv cyj,
Kvwnbx wb‡q Z_¨ AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ QyUjvg ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv w¯—wgZ n‡j cvK mvgwiK evwnbx Syjš— †mZy wbg©vb K‡i mܨv Kv‡Vi cyj wQ‡jv A‡bKUvB fv½v‡Pviv| Zvi cv‡kB wbwg©Z
m`i ‡_‡K 6 wK‡jvwgUvi Dˇi ‡eMgMÄ ‡PŠiv¯—vq| ‡mLv‡b bvMv` Kv‡jv cyj AwZKªg K‡i †eMgMÄ †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡j n‡q‡Q eZ©gv‡bi cvKv eªxR| Ave`ym †mvevnvb e‡jb, ÒcvK
Kv‡ji ¯^v¶x ‡PŠiv¯—v ÒKv‡jv cyjÓ hv eZ©gv‡b cvKv weÖR| Ae¯’vb wb‡q K¨v¤ú ¯’vcb K‡i|Ó mvgwiK evwnbx †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡j K¨v¤ú ¯’vcb Kivi ci
ZviB `w¶‡Y Z_v ‡PŠiv¯—v msjMœ ‡eMgMÄ ‡UKwbK¨vj nvB c‡iB gvBR`x ‡_‡K 5 Rb wbiciva ¯^vaxbZvKvgx evOvjx‡K
¯‹yj| GB Dfq ¯’vbB wQj gyw³hy‡×i 9 gv‡m cvwK¯—vbx a‡i G‡b Kv‡jv cy‡ji Dc‡i `vuo Kwi‡q eªvk dvqvi K‡i|
nvbv`vi evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i ‡`vmi ivRvKvi Avje`i evwnbxi GKRb †mŠfvM¨Kª‡g †mw`b †eu‡P hvb| Gfv‡e cvK nvbv`vi
gvbeZv we‡ivax RNb¨ nZ¨vh‡Ái †K›`Ö| †mLv‡b AvRI evwnbx G A‡j wbiciva gvbyl nZ¨v ïi“ K‡i| gyw³hy‡×i
wbwg©Z nqwb †Kvb ¯§…wZ djK| ¯^xK…wZ cvqwb ea¨f~wgi| GB cy‡iv bq gv‡m cÖwZw`b Kv‡jv cy‡j me©wbgœ 5/6 Rb I m‡e©v”P
¯’v‡bi gvwUi Mfx‡i AvRI Av‡Q AmsL¨ bvix cyi“‡li 15/20 Rb K‡i gvbyl nZ¨v Ki‡Zv cvwK¯—vbx ˆmb¨iv| bvbv
MYKei| †mB MYKe‡i ¸g‡i Kvu‡` knx‡`i AvZ¥v| Avgiv wbôyi cš’vq Iiv nZ¨vh‡Á †g‡Z DV‡Zv| †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi
†KD KLbI Zvi Lei ivwLwb| gyw³hy‡×i 9 gv‡m wbiciva cÖZ¨š— AÂj †_‡K wbiciva gvbyl¸‡jv‡K a‡i G‡b cÖ_‡g
gvbyl‡K nZ¨vi ‡ivgnl©K weeiYx Z_v nvwi‡q hvIqv †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹yj K¨v‡¤ú kvixwiK wbh©vZb Kiv †nvZ-
BwZnvm‡K ‡jvKP¶yi mvg‡b wb‡q Avbvi ‡Póv †_‡K G Zvici cÖwZw`b mܨvi ci Kv‡jv cy‡ji Dci `vuo Kwi‡q
Z_¨vbymÜvb| ey‡jU †eq‡b‡U SvuSiv Kiv n‡Zv| Gfv‡eB Pj‡Zv
GKvˇii 26 gvP© cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbx XvKvq MYnZ¨v ¯^vaxbZvKvgx wbiciva gvbyl‡`i Dci gvbeZvwe‡ivax RNb¨
ïi“ Kivi ci 22 GwcÖj `ycyi ch©š— †bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv wQ‡jv nZ¨vhÁ| ey‡jU †eq‡bU G SvuSiv nIqvi ci jvk¸‡jv
nvbv`vi gy³| 22 GwcÖj we‡Kj 5Uvq 60-70 wU hvwš¿K eni Iqvc`v Lv‡ji cvwb Lyb ivOv i‡O ivwO‡q fvm‡Z fvm‡Z
wb‡q cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK Kbfq Kywgj¬v-jvKmvg-†mvbvBgywo cwð‡g P‡j †h‡Zv| GB †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡ji K¨v‡¤úB
n‡q †eMgM‡Äi gxiIqvwikcyi MÖvg R¡vwj‡q cywo‡q †PŠiv¯—v b…ksmfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq †PŠgynbx K‡j‡Ri cÖv³b cÖavb
Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nq| H w`‡bi NUbvi cªZ¨¶`k©x †m mg‡qi KiwYK wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi ¸jRvi †nv‡mb‡K|Ó
wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi Zi“Y hyeK eZ©gv‡b AvBbRxex GweGg gyw³hy‡×i cy‡iv bq gvm Gfv‡eB nvRvi nvRvi wbiciva
dvi“K (50) e‡jb, ÒH w`b cvKevwnbx †ePvi †`vKvb msjMœ gvbyl‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ae‡k‡l wW‡m¤^i 5-6 Zvwi‡L cvwK¯—vbx
Avgv‡`i ˆcwÎK evwo‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ Avgvi evev Rbve dwi` nvbv`vi evwnbx Zv‡`i wbwðZ civRq †R‡b †UKwbK¨vj nvB
wgqv (wUwU) Ges Avgvi fvB †gvt d‡qR‡K eªvkdvqv‡i nZ¨v ¯‹y‡ji K¨v¤ú ¸wU‡q jvKmvg n‡q Kywgj¬v K¨v›Ub‡g›U Awfgy‡L
K‡i| Avwg ZLb evwoi A`~‡i jywK‡q H nZ¨vhÁ cªZ¨¶ GKvËi Gi 9 gv‡m A‡bK NUbvi cÖZ¨¶`k©x †mw`‡bi P‡j hvq| wKš‘ Zviv †i‡L hvq †mLv‡b A‡bK b…ksmZvi
Kwi| Gi ci cvKevwnbx Kv‡jv cyj Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nq| wgiIqvwikcyi MÖv‡gi wK‡kvi mv‡ivqvi Avjg (45) Rvbvb, wPý| eû bvixi m¤£g nviv‡bvi Ae¨³ Kvbœv| AmsL¨ g…Z-
cy‡ji mwbœK‡U G‡m cvK mvgwiK Kbfq _g‡K `vuovq| cvK Ò†eMgMÄ †UKwbK¨vj nvB ¯‹y‡ji K¨v‡¤ú cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi Aa©g…Z bi bvixi K¼vjmvi †`n|
mvgwiK Kbfq Avmvi Av‡MB ¯’vbxq RbmvaviY Kv‡jv cyj evwnbxi KgvwÛs Awdmvi wQ‡jv †gRi †evLvix| GB K¨v¤úwU
aŸsm K‡i †`q| G‡Z DËi `w¶‡Yi †hvMv‡hvM wew”Qbœ n‡q wQ‡jv cvwK¯—vbx mvgwiK evwnbxi †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi g~j NvuwU|Ó 2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© †bvqvLvjx †Rjv cÖkvmb KZ©…K cÖKvwkZ
hvq| cvK mvgwiK Kbfq †PŠiv¯—vq Avmvi c‡_ Kv‡jv cy‡ji GKvËi Gi UMe‡M hyeK Ave`ym †mvevnvb eZ©gvb eqm 65 ¯§viK ¯^vaxbZv †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡M †cv÷ K‡i‡Qb gyKzj|
178
m~wPcÎ |
†Mvcvjcy‡i MYnZ¨v
†Mvjvg AvKei
†bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †eMgMÄ _vbv m`i †_‡K AvbygvwbK bq wef³ nq| ivRvKvi‡`i Kywo/cuwPk R‡bi GKwU `j 1. gvneyeyj nvq`vi †PŠayix [bkv wgqv] (‡Mvcvjcyi)
wK‡jvwgUvi cwðg-DËi w`‡K †Mvcvjcyi evRv‡ii Ae¯’vb| evRv‡ii cwðgw`K w`‡q Ges evKxiv g~j iv¯—v w`‡q G‡m 2. `xb Bmjvg (ZyjvPiv)
GiB cwðgcv‡k¦© Kv‡ji mv¶x n‡q i‡q‡Q †Mvcvjcyi PZyw`©K †_‡K wN‡i †d‡j| mKvj †_‡KB evRv‡ii cÖvq 3. nvwee Dj¨vn (ZyjvPiv)
wgR©vbMi ciMYvi GK mg‡qi cÖfvekvjx Rwg`vi evox| Aa©kZvwaK †`vKvb AMYb gvby‡li cÖvYPv‡j¨ gyLwiZ 4. BmgvCj wgqv (ZyjvPiv)
GQvov evRv‡ii †Kvj‡Nu‡l †Mvcvjcyi Avjx nvq`vi D”P wQ‡jv| †KD Pv cv‡b iZ| Avevi †KD MZiv‡Z Av‡kcv‡ki 5. Awn`Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
we`¨vjq| cwðg-DËi gv_vq BDwbqb ¯^v¯’¨‡K›`Ö, e¨vsK I †Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq †Mvjv¸wj n‡q‡Q Zvi Ae¯’vb wbY©q wb‡q 6. †gvnv¤§`Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
†cv÷ Awdm| weZK©iZ| Ggb mgq AZwK©Z nvbv w`‡jv cvwK¯—vbx nv‡qbvi 7. †gvnv¤§` Dj¨vn (mvnv`vcyi)
gyw³hy‡×i cÖv°v‡j Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡b QvÎ BDwbqb `j| hviv cvjv‡Z cvi‡jv Zviv evuP‡jv| hviv cv‡iwb GiKg 8. `yjvj wgqv (mvnv`vcyi)
†bZv Avey Kv‡qm gvngy`, †gvt †gvnmxb `yjvj, RvwKi Aa©kZvwaK `~f©vMv wbixn MÖvgevmx I †`vKvbx wkKvi nj 9. mvgQyj nK gv÷vi (AvwUqvKvw›`)
†nv‡mb, gvngy`yj †nv‡mb †PŠayix cÖgy‡Li †bZ…‡Z¡ QvÎ msMÖvg wbg©g wnsmªZvi| G‡K G‡K I‡`i mevB‡K a‡i G‡b GK 10. gwReDj¨vn (AvwUqvKvw›`)
cwil` MwVZ nq| gyw³hy× ïi“ n‡j G GjvKvi wewkó jvB‡b `vuo Kiv‡bv nq evRv‡ii c~e©cvk w`‡q e‡q hvIqv 11. ewkiDj¨vn (AvwUqvKvw›`)
wPwKrmK Wvt AvwbQy¾vgvb, XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·bZv †QvÆ LvjwUi cv‡o| G `‡j wQ‡jb H GjvKvi kvwš— KwgwUi 12. Aveyj Kv‡kg (wgR©vbMi)
wbg P›`ª †fŠwgK, mvnveDwÏb wg›Uy I ¯’vbxq msMÖvg cwil` †bZv| Zvi Aciva wZwb gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvkÖq w`‡Zb| Zvui 13. Aveyj eki wQwÏK (wgR©vbMi)
†bZ…e…‡›`i mgš^‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msMwVZ Kivi KvR ïi“ Kv‡Q cvwK¯—vbx nvbv`vi evwnbxi KgvwÛs Awdmvi Rvb‡Z 14. nvwiQ wgqv (†`eKvjv)
nq| GwcÖ‡j cvwK¯—vwb evwnbx †bvqvLvjx‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivi Pvq- Avwbm Wv³vi, my‡e`vi ‡gRi R‡e` Avjx †Kv_vq? 15. wQwÏK Dj¬¨vn wgqv (wmivRDwÏbcyi)
wKQyKvj ciI †Mvcvjcyi i‡q hvq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i `~R©q NvuwU †Kv‡bv †`k‡cÖwgK gyw³cvMj gvbyl Zv‡`i G cÖ‡kœi DËi 16. gwgbDj¨vn wgqv (gyûj¬vcyi)
wnmv‡e; cwiYZ nq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wiKªywUs †m›Uv‡i| Pj‡Z w`‡Z eva¨ bq Ges Zviv Gi †Kvb Reve †Kvbw`bB cvqwb| 17. gš—vR wgqv (gnj¬vcyi)
_v‡K hy‡×i cÖv_wgK Kjv‡KŠk‡ji †Uªwbs| mg‡qi mvnmx evRv‡ii †`vKv‡b †`vKv‡b Zj¬vwk K‡i LyuR‡Z _v‡K ¯^vaxb 18. b~i ‡gvnv¤§` (gnj¬vcyi)
mš—v‡biv `‡j `‡j cÖv_wgK †UÖwbs mgvß K‡i P~ovš— †UÖwbs evsjvi cZvKv| R‰bK wQwÏKDj¨vni †`vKv‡b Iiv ‡c‡q 19. Ave`yj gbœvb (gnj¬vcyi)
MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †Mvc‡b P‡j †h‡Zv eRivi eMvw`qv Avdvwbqv hvq ¯^vaxb evsjvi GKwU cZvKv| - †Kªv‡a †d‡U c‡o Iiv| 20. †gveviK Dj¨vn (cvbyqv cvov)
n‡q fvi‡Zi w`‡K| †Mvcvjcyi Gfv‡eB cvjb K‡i jvB‡b `vuov‡bv K‡qKRb gymwj¬‡K †Q‡o †`qv nq| evKx cÖvq 21. †gvnv¤§` Dj¨vn `wR© (Pvu` Kv‡kgcyi)
gyw³hy‡×i ïi“‡Z GK AMÖYx f~wgKv| G Lei ‡cŠu‡Q hvq cÂvkRb wbiciva wbi¯¿ gvbyl‡K eªvkdvqvi K‡i wbôyifv‡e 22. Ave`yi iwm` (Avwgivev`)
RvgvZ, gymjxg jxM I kvwš— KwgwUi gva¨‡g cvwK¯—vbx nZ¨v Kiv nq| eªvkdvqv‡ii ciI hviv †eu‡PwQ‡jv Zv‡`i‡K 23. Ave`yj mvËvi (evivnxbMi)
nvbv`vi evwnbxi Kv‡Q| Zviv K‡qK `dv †Póv Pvjvq G †eq‡bU PvR© K‡i ‰ckvwPK D?j¬vm cÖKvk Kivi ci cvwK¯— 24. Ave`yj Kwig (nxivcyi)
GjvKvi gyw³hy‡×i msMVK‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Kivi Rb¨| vbx cïiv nZ¨v K‡i| gvby‡li ZvRv i‡³ mqjve n‡q hvq 25. Wv: †gvnv¤§` myRv‡qZ Dj¨vn (`kNwiqv, PvUwLj)
†`L‡Z †`L‡Z P‡j Av‡m el©v| Lv‡ji cvwb| i³ Avi cvwb‡K cv_©K¨ Kiv hvqwb| GB 1971 mv‡ji 19 AvM‡÷i GB wbôyi MYnZ¨vi ¯§i‡Y
mgqUv 1971 mv‡ji AvM÷ gvm| cÖPyi e…wó nq †mevi nZfvM¨ gvbyl‡`i Aciva wQ‡jv- Zviv e‡jwb Kviv G?jvKvi †Mvjvg QvËvi †bvgvb, Zcb Kygvi ‡fŠwgK cÖgy‡Li cÖ‡Póvq
18 AvM÷ iv‡Z| †fviiv‡Z †eMgMÄ j¶xcyi mo‡Ki Kv‡Q gyw³hy‡×i msMVK, Kviv gyw³‡hv×v| Zv‡`i Aciva, 1980 mv‡j knx`‡`i bvg †Lv`vB GKwU ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ I knx`
evsjvevRvi kvgmybbvnvi nvB¯‹y‡j G‡m Ae¯’vb †bq ‡ek †`vKv‡b cvIqv hvq ¯^vaxb evsjvi cZvKv| ¯§…wZ msm` M‡o D‡V| cÖwZ eQi GB w`‡b wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi
wKQy cvwK¯—vbx wgwjwkqv I ivRvKvi| 19 AvM÷ mKvj †ejv GB nZ¨vKvÛ RNb¨ ee©iZv| gvbeZvwe‡ivax| gva¨‡g knx`‡`i cÖwZ kª×v Rvbv‡bv nq|
- m~h© ZL‡bv †g‡Ni Avov‡j XvKv| ¸wo¸wo e…wó n‡”Q| †bvqvLvjxi gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m †Mvcvjcy‡ii GB MYnZ¨v
mKvj AvbygvwbK AvUUv bvMv` †Mvcvjcyi evRv‡i †cŠu‡Q hvq GK Kv‡jv Aa¨vq| GB NUbvq hviv knx` nb Zv‡`i cuwPk 2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© cÖKvwkZ †Mvjvg AvKe‡ii †jLvwU e¬‡M
cÖvq K‡qKk cvwK¯—vbx Avwg© I ivRvKvi| Zviv `yfv‡M R‡bi bvg cwiPq D×vi Kiv m¤¢e nq: †cv÷ K‡i‡Qb gyKzj|
179
m~wPcÎ |
gyw³evwnbxi †Mv‡q›`v wefv‡Mi Pi G‡m msev` w`j, mvgwiK cv‡qi f…Z¨ wPË fvebvnxb| Ae¯’v we‡kl evgb n‡qI Zvu‡`i MvQ Avi cªwZwU †SvcSv‡oi Avov‡j †h GKRb K‡i kÎy
f¨vb †evSvB GK`j cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨iv †dbx ‡_‡K P›`ªM‡Äi `vb‡ei wei“‡× P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Z nq| gyw³evwnbxi my‡e`vi jywK‡q †bB Ggb K_vB ev †K ej‡Z cv‡i| I‡`i
w`‡K Avm‡Q| I‡`i hLb P›`ªM‡Äi w`‡K †PvL c‡o‡Q, ZLb jyrdi ingvb ej‡jb, GLbKvi Ae¯’v n‡”Q †Zgwb GK ivB‡dj¸wj Gevi G‡jvcv_vwo Svu‡K Svu‡K ¸wj el©Y K‡i
Iiv †mBLv‡b jyUcvU bv K‡i Qvo‡ebv| Lei †c‡q jvwd‡q Ae¯’v| wKš‘ †ekx K_v ejvi mgq wQj bv| `~i †_‡K AùyU Pjj| GBfv‡e eû ¸wj AcPq Kivi ci Zviv _vgj|
DV‡jb my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb| †e½j †iwR‡g‡›Ui jyrdi mvgwiK f¨v‡bi MR©b †kvbv ‡M‡jv| H †h, H †h Avm‡Q| wKQy mgq wbtk‡ã †K‡U ‡M‡jv| ˆmb¨iv fvewQj, Zv‡`i
ingvb, whwb GB A‡j GKwU gyw³evwnbx MVb K‡iwQ‡jb| Iiv! Zvuiv mvZRb mvZwU ivB‡dj wb‡q ˆZix n‡q `vuov‡jb| A`…k¨ kÎyiv m¤¢eZ cvwj‡q †M‡Q| Ggb cªej ¸wj e…wói g‡a¨
ˆmb¨‡`i msL¨v cÂvk-lvUR‡bi gZ n‡e| G‡`i cÖwZ‡iva †mB AùyU AvIqvR Kª‡gB ¯úó †_‡K ¯úóZi n‡q DV‡Z Iiv †Kgb K‡i `vuwo‡q _vK‡e| wKš‘ Zv’n‡j hviv nZvnZ n‡q
Ki‡Z †nv‡j `‡j wKQyUv fvix n‡q †bIqv `iKvi| †LvuR-Lei jvM‡jv| Zvici GKUy ev‡`B †`Lv †M‡jv mvgwiK f¨vb c‡_i fywgkh¨v wb‡qwQ‡jv, Iiv Zv‡`i GKRb GKRb K‡i f¨v‡bi
K‡i Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ gvÎ QqRb gyw³‡hv×v‡K R‡ov Kiv ay‡jv Dwo‡q `ª“Z‡e‡M Qy‡U Avm‡Q| D‡ËwRZ cÖZx¶vq Zvu‡`i Dci ZyjwQj| wVK †m mg‡q Avevi KZ¸wj ivB‡dj GK m‡½
‡Mj| A½-cªZ¨½¸wj †hb B¯úv‡Zi gZ `…p Avi KwVb n‡q Gj| M‡R© DV‡jv| ¸wji ci ¸wj Avm‡Q, weiwZ †bB| ˆmb¨‡`i
mvZRb gvbyl, mvZwU ivB‡dj- GB mvgvb¨ kw³ wb‡q I‡`i mvgwiK f¨vb `ª“Z Avm‡Z Avm‡Z nVvr †_‡g †M‡jv| bv g‡a¨ GK Ask Av‡Q f¨v‡bi Dc‡i, Aci Ask iv¯—vq| A`…k¨
m‡½ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z hvIqvUv wVK wK? gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡g Dcvq wQj bv, Kv‡`i A`…k¨ n‡¯—i ¸wj‡Z Mvwoi Uvqv‡ii n¯—¸wj AZ¨š— `¶Zvi m‡½ G‡`i j¶¨ K‡i K‡i ¸wj Qyuo‡Q|
GKRb GB cªkœUv Zy‡jwQ‡jb| K_vUv wg_¨v bq- GUv GKUv PvKv dy‡Uv n‡q †M‡Q| GKB m‡½ KZ¸wj ivB‡d‡ji GKwU ¸wjI e…_v hv‡”Q bv| ˆmb¨‡`i g‡a¨ fxlY nƇMvj c‡o
`~tmvn‡mi KvR n‡e| A_P nv‡Z mgq ‡bB| gyw³evwnbxi kw³ AvIqvR| we¯§‡q, AvZ‡¼ ‰mb¨iv SycSvc K‡i Mvox †_‡K †Mj| Zviv GKUy mvg‡j wb‡q Avevi cªejfv‡e ¸wj el©Y K‡i
e…w× Kivi Rb¨ †h mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb, Zvi g‡a¨ GB jyÚbKvix jvwd‡q iv¯—vq †b‡g co‡jv| wKš‘ †mB A`…k¨ n‡¯—i Pjj| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mvg‡b †Kvb wbw`©ó j¶¨ †bB| GB fv‡e
`m¨yiv G‡`i KvR nvwmj K‡i m‡i co‡e| †Pv‡Li mvg‡b GB ¸wjel©‡Yi †hb †kl †bB| ‰mb¨‡`i g‡a¨ hviv mvg‡bi w`‡K wKQy¶Y `yÕc‡¶i g‡a¨ cªwZØw›ØZv Pjj| BwZg‡a¨ ˆmb¨‡`i
NUbv N‡U hv‡e Avi Zviv e‡m e‡m ZvB †`L‡e| bv, wKQy‡ZB wQj, Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡K nZvnZ n‡q f~wgkh¨v wbj| GKUy nZvn‡Zi msL¨v Kªgk †e‡oB Pj‡Q| Aci c‡¶ A`…k¨
bv, M‡R© DV‡jb my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb, †hfv‡eB †nvK G‡`i ev‡`B ivB‡d‡ji AvIqvR †_‡g wM‡q cj¬x-cÖK…wZi wb¯—e×Zv cªwZc‡¶i wK cwigvb ¶q¶wZ n‡”Q Zv †evSvi †Kvb Dcvq
cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡ZB n‡e| Avgv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡b w`‡q Iiv Avi kvwš— wd‡i Gj| ‰mb¨iv mÜvbx `…wó wb‡q Zbœ Zbœ K‡i wQj bv|
A¶Zfv‡e nvm‡Z nvm‡Z P‡j hv‡e, G wKQy‡ZB n‡Z cv‡ibv| Pviw`K cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z jvM‡jv| A`…k¨ kÎyiv wK Z‡e fq Ae¯’v †`‡L AvZw¼Z n‡q DVj ‰mb¨iv| wKš‘ GKUy Av‡M
Iiv Avgv‡`i i³ wb‡q‡Q, Zvi wewbg‡q I‡`iI wKQyUv i³ †c‡q cvwj‡q wM‡q‡Q? bv, I‡`i wek¦vm †bB, GKUy ev‡`B Zv‡`i `vjvj †mB †jvKwU Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ Kievi Rb¨ G‡m
w`‡Z n‡e| nq‡Zv Iiv Av‡iK w`K ‡_‡K AvKªgY K‡i em‡e| iv¯—vi †M‡Q| †m AZ¨š— PZyi ‡jvK, Pvwiw`‡K fvj K‡i bRi K‡i
iv¯—vi av‡i GKUv eo iK‡gi B‡Ui cvuRv| †K †hb K‡e `yÕcv‡k A‡bK †SvcSvo R½j| Zv‡`i gvSLv‡b Iiv ‡Kv_vq †m GB inm¨Uv eyS‡Z cvij| `~ieZ©x B‡Ui cvuRvUvi †cQ‡b
GKUv `vjvb †Zvjevi Rb¨ GLv‡b GB BU¸wj G‡b Ro K‡i Avkªq wb‡q e‡m Av‡Q †K Rv‡b| Z‡e `‡j Iiv fvix †m wel‡q A½yjx wb‡`©k K‡i †m ejj, Avgvi m‡›`n nq, Iiv H cvuRvwUi
†i‡LwQ‡jv, A‡bKw`b n‡q †Mj, †mB `vjvb GL‡bv †Zvjv m‡›`n †bB| Zv bv n‡j Zv‡`i wei“‡× Ggb K‡i nvgjv Ki‡Z †cQ‡b `vuwo‡q ¸wj Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| wVK K_vB‡Zv, GB m‡›`nUv
nqwb, BU¸‡jv †hgb wQj †Zgwb c‡o Av‡Q| P›`ªM‡Ä XyK‡Z mvnm †cZ bv| mK‡ji g‡bB RvMv DwPr wQ‡jv| wKš‘ GZ¶Y GB K_vUv
n‡j ˆmb¨evnx Mvox¸wj‡K GB iv¯—v w`‡qB †h‡Z n‡e| P›`ªMÄ mg…× AÂj| GLv‡b G‡m Aev‡a jyUcvU Kiv hv‡e, I‡`i KviI gv_vq Av‡mwb|
my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb Avi QqRb gyw³‡hv×v, †mB B‡Ui GB Avkv wb‡q Zviv GLv‡b G‡mwQj| GB A‡j Zv‡`i Gevi I‡`i ivB‡dj¸wj G‡Kev‡i wbtkã n‡q †Mj|
cvuRvi †cQ‡b cwRkb wb‡q `vuov‡jb| GLvb †_‡KB Zvuiv †mB GKRb `vjvj wQj| Zvi KvQ †_‡K Lei †c‡qB Zviv jy‡Ui ˆmb¨iv wZbfv‡M fvM n‡q AwZ mš—c©‡Y wZbw`K w`‡q GwM‡q
nvgjvKvix `m¨y‡`i cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡eb, GUv LyeB `~tmvn‡mi Avkvq GLv‡b Qy‡U G‡m‡Q| Zviv ï‡bwQ‡jv GLv‡b Zv‡`i ‘evav’ Pjj| B‡Ui ¯—ycUv‡K †NivI K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| Lye mveavb,
KvR Zvuiv Rvb‡Zb, Zvuiv Zvu‡`i Rxeb wb‡q wQwbwgwb †Lj‡Z †`evi †KD †bB| wKš‘ nVvr K‡i †K Rv‡b †Kv_v †_‡K GB I‡`i GKUvI †hb m‡i co‡Z bv cv‡i|
P‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ Ggb GK GKUv mgq Av‡m hLb †R‡b ï‡b kqZv‡bi `j gvwU dyu‡o D‡V `vuwo‡q‡Q| †K Rv‡b, nq‡Zv Iiv gyw³evwnbxi RIqvbiv B‡Ui cvuRvi Avovj ‡_‡K mewKQyB
wec‡`i gy‡L Svuwc‡q co‡Z nq| gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Rxeb-g…Z¨y BwZg‡a¨ Zv‡`i Pvwiw`K w`‡q †NivI K‡i †d‡j‡Q| cªwZwU †`LwQj| ‰mb¨‡`i gZje eyS‡Z Zv‡`i evKx iB‡jv bv|
180
m~wPcÎ |
Avi GK gyn~Z© †`ix Kivi mgq †bB| GLbB Zv‡`i m‡i weivR Ki‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ Zvi K_v wK Avgiv fy‡j †h‡Z cvwi? j¶¨ K‡i Svu‡K Svu‡K ¸wj el©Y Pjj|
co‡Z n‡e| GB msN‡l©i g‡a¨ w`‡q Zviv hZUv Avkv AvR gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨ †KD GLv‡b †bB e‡j Iiv Aev‡a hv Gici †mB ¯—y‡ci †cQb †_‡K Avi †Kvb ¸wji
K‡iwQj, Zvi‡P‡q A‡bK †ekx KvR nvwmj Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| Lywk ZvB K‡i P‡j hv‡e| bv, wKQy‡ZB bv, M‡R© DV‡jb wZwb, kã †kvbv †Mj bv| ˆmb¨iv GKUy mgq A‡c¶v
Gevi Zviv ¯^”Q‡›` QywU wb‡Z cv‡i| GKRb GKRb K‡i G Avwg wKQy‡ZB n‡Z †`‡ev bv| Avi hw` †KD bv hvq, Avwg Kij, Zvici Qy‡U ‡Mj ¯—ycUvi mvg‡b| D`¨Z ivB‡dj evwM‡q
mvZRb gyw³‡hv×v I‡`i `…wó Gwo‡q †SvcSv‡oi Avov‡j GKvB hv‡ev, GKvB wM‡q I‡`i m‡½ jovB Ki‡ev| a‡i hLb Zviv cv‡q cv‡q †mB ¯—ycUvi †cQ‡b wM‡q `vuovj,
A`…k¨ n‡q †Mj| Zvi wKQyUv ev‡` wkKvi mÜvbx ˆmb¨iv G‡m †K GB †jvKwU? wK Zvui bvg? bv, Zvi bvg Avgvi Rvbv ZLb †`L‡Z †cj, †mBLv‡b GK e…‡×i i³v³ g…Z‡`n c‡o
mvd‡j¨i m‡½ †mB B‡Ui ¯—ycUv‡K †NivI K‡i †djj| wKš‘ †bB| †Kvb L¨vZbvgv †jvK bb wZwb| GKRb cªv³b ˆmwbK| Av‡Q|
wK †`Lj G‡m? †`Lj, cvwL¸wj Zv‡`i GK`g †evKv evwb‡q Avi `kRb e…‡×i gZ wZwbI Zvui Rxe‡bi †klw`b¸wj ÔAvj¬vn wKš‘ A¯¿ ej‡Z †Kvb wKQy †mLv‡b bvB, ïay K‡qKUv
w`‡q gy³ AvKv‡k D‡o P‡j wM‡q‡Q| B‡Ui cvuRvi †cQ‡b Avj¬vnÕ K‡i KvwU‡q hvw”Q‡jb| GKRb mvaviY gvbyl| †KD KvZ©y‡Ri †Lvj c‡o Av‡Q| Iiv eySj, GB e…‡×i m‡½ AviI
GKwU RbcÖvYx †bB| ïay gvwUi Dc‡i A‡bK¸wj KvZ©y‡Ri †Kvbw`b Zvui †Kvb AmvaviY‡Z¡i cwiPq cvbwb| wKš‘ AvR hviv wQj Zviv A¯¿mn cvwj‡q wM‡q‡Q| Avwg fvewQ, †hw`b
†Lvj BZ¯—Z wew¶ßfv‡e Qwo‡q c‡o Av‡Q| ‡`‡ki GK we‡kl Ae¯’vq GKwU we‡kl AbyK~j gyn~Z© Zvui evsjv‡`k kÎygy³ n‡e, ¯^vaxb n‡e, †m w`b cweÎ GB
†mw`bKvi hy‡× memy× 23 Rb ‰mb¨ nZvnZ n‡qwQj| Avi ‡fZiKvi myß Av¸b‡K RvwM‡q Zy‡j‡Q| †hLv‡b nvRvi nvRvi RvqMvwU‡Z †mB †MŠiegq cªwZ‡iva msMÖv‡gi ¯§viK wnmv‡e
gyw³evwnbxi mvZwU RIqvb m¤ú~Y© A¶Z Ae¯’vq †ewi‡q gvbyl f‡q Aw¯’i, †mLv‡b GB GKwU gvbyl `…p wb®‹¤ú K‡Ú GKwU ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ wK M‡o DV‡e? P›`ªM‡Äi hy‡×i ci my‡e`vi
Avm‡Z †c‡iwQj| †h †`k‡`ªvnx `vjvjwU kÎy‡`i mvnvh¨ †NvlYv Ki‡jb, hw` GKv †h‡Z nq, Avwg GKvB hv‡ev, Avwg jyrdi ingvb †bvqvLvjxi wewfbœ A‡j wkKv‡ii mÜv‡b Qy‡U
Kievi Rb¨ GwM‡q G‡mwQj, Gi K‡qKw`b ev‡`B GKvB I‡`i m‡½ jovB Kie| gievi Av‡M GB wnsmª PjwQ‡jb| Zvui GK gyn~Z©I wekªv‡gi AeKvk †bB| wZwb cvK
gyw³‡hv×viv Zv‡K LZg Kij| cï¸wji g‡a¨ GKUv‡KI hw` †g‡i †h‡Z cvwi, Z‡e Avgvi ‰mb¨‡`i MwZwewa m¤ú‡K© `¶ wkKvixi gZ Zx¶è mÜvbx `…wó
†mBw`b gyw³‡hv×v‡`i nv‡Z Nv †L‡q cvK ‰mb¨‡`i P~ovš— Rxeb mv_©K n‡e| wb‡q wdiwQ‡jb| gyw³evwnbxi ¸ßP‡iiv wbZ¨ bZyb msev`
fv‡e bvKvj n‡Z n‡qwQj| P›`ªM‡Ä jyUcvU Kiv `~‡i _vK, hviv Zvi wn‰Zlx, Zviv Zvu‡K wbe…Ë Kievi Rb¨ h‡_ó †Póv wb‡q Avm‡Q| Avi †mB m~Î AbymiY K‡i Zv‡`i gyw³evwnbx
nZvnZ eÜy‡`i wb‡q Mvox †evSvB K‡i Iiv gv_v †nuU K‡i K‡iwQj| e‡jwQj. Zywg GKv gvbyl, Zvi Dci ey‡ov n‡qQ| †hLv‡bB my‡hvM cv‡”Q, †mLv‡bB kÎy‡`i Dci Nv w`‡q
wd‡i G‡mwQj| wKš‘ GB Acgvb Avi jvÃbv Iiv fy‡j †h‡Z Zywg wK K‡i I‡`i m‡½ jovB Ki‡e? wKš‘ KviI †Kvb evav P‡j‡Q|
cv‡iwb| w`b K‡qK ev‡` Iiv Avevi bZybfv‡e ˆZix n‡q Pjj wZwb gvb‡jb bv, `…p-gywó‡Z ivB‡djUv AvuK‡o a‡i ‡ewi‡q AvNv‡Zi ci AvNvZ nv‡bv KLbI WvB‡b KLbI evu‡q,
P›`ªM‡Äi w`‡K| Zv‡`i g‡bi R¡vjvUv Gevi fvj K‡iB wgwU‡q co‡jb Ni †_‡K| Zvui GB `…óv‡š— AbycªvwYZ n‡q Zvui Zi“Y KLbI mvg‡b †_‡K, KLbI ev †cQb ‡_‡K| I‡`i Aw¯’i Avi
†b‡e| †Q‡j Zvu‡K †W‡K ejj, `vuovI AveŸv, AvwgI †Zvgvi m‡½ cvMj K‡i †Zvj| I‡`i †Kvb mgq ¯^w¯—‡Z ev kvwš—‡Z _vK‡Z
cvK-‰mb¨iv Avevi nvgjv Ki‡Z Avm‡Q| GB LeiUv †cŠ‡Q hve| †Zvgvi gZ AvwgI I‡`i m‡½ jovB Kie| †Q‡ji K_v w`I bv, I‡`i cÖwZwU gyn~Z© `~ifvebvq KvUyK| Iiv †hb Ny‡gi
wM‡qwQj P›`ªM‡Ä| my‡e`vi jyrdi ingvb GLb †mBLv‡b †bB, ï‡b ev‡ci gyL Avb‡›` D¾j n‡q DVj| `yÕR‡bi nv‡Z `ywU g‡a¨I `~?:¯^cœ ‡`‡L AvuZ‡K D‡V| gyw³evwnbx GB bxwZ
Ab¨vb¨ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i g‡a¨I †KD †bB| Gevi †K Zv‡`i ivB‡dj, wcZv-cyÎ cvkvcvwk cªwZ‡iva msMªv‡g hvÎv Kij| AbymiY K‡iB KvR K‡i PjwQj| Iiv nvgjvKvix‡`i wbwðZ
cªwZ‡iva Ki‡e? Iiv †mw`b Av”QvgZ Nv †L‡q N‡i wd‡i AvRI Iiv †mB B‡Ui cvuRvi †cQ‡b Avkªq wbj| Iiv g‡b wekªvg Ki‡Z †`‡ebv, wb‡RivI wekªvg †b‡ebv|
†M‡Q, Gevi fvj K‡iB Zvi cªwZ‡kva Zyj‡e| P›`ªMćK Gevi wcZv-cyÎ cvkvcvwk e‡m kÎy‡`i AvMg‡bi Rb¨ Aaxi wP‡Ë GwcÖ‡ji †klfvM| Lei Gj, GK`j ‰mb¨ Kywgj¬vi jvKmvg
Iiv aŸsm¯—y‡c cwiYZ bv K‡i Qvo‡ebv| hv‡K cv‡e Zv‡KB cªZx¶v Ki‡Z jvMj| wKQy¶Y ev‡` `~i ‡_‡K †gvUi f¨v‡bi †_‡K †Uª‡b †bvqvLvjxi †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡b G‡m †cŠuQy‡e|
gvi‡e| I‡`i nv‡Z †KD wK †invB cv‡e? mviv A‡j AvZ¼ MR©b †kvbv †Mj| n¨vu Iiv Avm‡Q| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z ˆmb¨evnx jyZdi ingvb GB Lei cvIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Zvui mnKg©x‡`i
Qwo‡q coj| P›`ªM‡Äi gvbyl Ni-evox †Q‡o cvjv‡Z jvMj| Mvox G‡Kev‡iB Kv‡Q G‡m coj| ˆmb¨‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡Ki m‡½ civgk© Ki‡Z em‡jb| w¯’i †nvj, I‡`i webv evavq
Iiv I‡`i hv Kievi webv evavq K‡i hv‡e| wKš‘ P›`ªM‡Äi Kv‡QB B‡Ui cvuRvwU mycwiwPZ| HwU‡K fy‡j hvIqv Zv‡`i G‡Mv‡Z †`Iqv n‡ebv, †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡bB GB
GKwU gvbyl GB K_vUv‡K wKQy‡ZB †g‡b wb‡Z cvi‡jb bv| c‡¶ †Kvb g‡ZB m¤¢e bq, wKš‘ AvRI †h †KD Zv‡`i nvgjvKvix‡`i Dci nvgjv Ki‡Z n‡e| †ij‡÷k‡b PovI
gvÎ †mw`b GB P›`ªM‡Äi ey‡K 7 Rb gy³‡hv×v exiZ¡c~Y© AvKªgY Kivi Rb¨ Gi Avov‡j IZ †c‡Z e‡m _vK‡Z cv‡i, n‡q AvKªgY| nq‡Zv †mRb¨ gyw³evwnbx‡K †ek wKQyUv g~j¨
cªwZ‡iva w`‡q `yÏ©vš— cvK-‰mb¨‡`i `y`©kvi P~ovš— K‡i †Q‡o GUv Zviv fve‡Z cv‡iwb| fve‡Z bv cviv A¯^vfvweKI bq| w`‡Z n‡e, A‡bK ¶q¶wZ eiY K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| Zv †nvK, GB
w`‡q‡Q| GB exi gyw³‡hv×viv GB A‡jiB gvbyl, GB wKš‘ Iiv GB ¯—ycUvi eivei Avm‡ZB cici wZbRb ‰mb¨ wkKvi‡K wKQy‡ZB dm‡K †h‡Z †`Iqv Pj‡e bv|
gvwU‡ZB gvbyl n‡q DV‡Q| GLvbKvi gvbyl, ïay GLvbKvi bq, ¸wjwe× n‡q c‡o †Mj| mevB †`L‡Z †cj, †K ev Kviv wKš‘ Gevi Avi P›`ªM‡Äi gZ mvZRb gyw³‡hv×v w`‡q
mviv †bvqvLvjx wRjvi gvbyl Zv‡`i Rb¨ †MŠie‡eva K‡i| iv¯— Zv‡`i j¶¨ K‡i ¯—ycUvi Avovj †_‡K ¸wjel©Y K‡i P‡j‡Q| Pj‡ebv| Gevi Avi Av‡MKvi gZ Avovj †_‡K hy× bq, hy×
vi av‡i †mB B‡Ui ¯—ycwU GLbI ‡mB hy‡×i ¯§…wZ¯—¤¢ i“‡c m‡½ m‡½B ˆmb¨iv Gi cvëv Reve w`j| B‡Ui cvuRvUv‡K Pj‡e cªKvk¨, gy‡LvgywL| I‡`i ‰mb¨ msL¨v eo Kg bq,
181
m~wPcÎ |
AvKªgY Ki‡Z n‡j †ek wKQyUv kw³ msMªn K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
†mB Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨B cÂvkRb mk¯¿ gyw³‡hv×v‡K
†mvbvBgywo‡Z G‡b Ro Kiv †Mj| Aek¨ hZ`~i Rvbv wM‡q‡Q
kªxcy‡ii MYnZ¨v
‰mb¨‡`i msL¨v Gi‡P‡qI A‡bKUv †ekx, Zv †nvK, GB kw³ Z. g. dvi“K
wb‡qB I‡`i m‡½ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e|
wbw`©ó mg‡q ‰mb¨evnx ‡UÖbUv †mvbvBgywo †÷k‡b G‡m ‡cŠQj|
gyw³evwnbx Kv‡QB †Kvb GKUv RvqMvq jywK‡q wQj| †UªbUv †mvbvcyi †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfvi me©`w¶‡Yi GKwU ‡QvU welq| †h †Kvb iv‡óÖi wbR¯^ msMVb Zvi ˆmb¨evwnbx|
G‡m †cŠQvevi mv‡_ mv‡_B ivB‡djavix gyw³‡hv×viv Mªvg| Gi Pvicv‡k gneŸZcyi, kªxcyi, Rvwjqvj, nZ¨v, aŸsm, AvKªgY ev cªwZ‡iva †h †Kvb Kv‡RB Zvi
we`¨~ZMwZ‡Z Qy‡U G‡m †UªbUv‡K †NivI K‡i †djj| m‡½ Kwigcyi, †MvcvB I cwðg e`ixcyi| Kwe eyׇ`e emyi D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K| KviYnxb mvgwiK G¨vKkb ‰mb¨, ivóÖ I
m‡½ Zviv †Uª‡bi Av‡ivnx‡`i j¶¨ K‡i ¸wj Pvjv‡Z jvMj| ¯§…wZ weRwoZ †bvqvLvjx kniwU Gi †`o wK‡jvwgUvi ivóÖ cwiPvjK‡`i e¨vcv‡i fxwZi mÂvi Kiv Qvov Avi
Iiv Mvoxi BwÄbUv‡KI j¶¨ K‡i ¸wj QyuowQj| WªvBfvinxb `w¶‡Y wQ?j GK`v| cvwK¯—vbx ‰¯^ikvm‡bi †MvUv †Kvb A_© enb K‡i bv| mg‡q fvovwUqv eyw×
†UªbUv APj n‡q †Mj| mgqUv †mvbvcyi wQ‡jv †bvqvLvjxi cªvY‡K›`ª| GLv‡b e¨emvqx‡`i gva¨‡g †cvlvwK gvbecªxwZ, Z_vKw_Z
cÖKvk¨ w`ev‡jv‡K GBfv‡e AvKªvš— n‡Z n‡e, cvK ‰mb¨iv Zv †Rbv‡ij AvBqy‡ei cÖwZ we‡¶vf n‡q‡Q, †gRi †Rbv‡ij gymwjg †`k cvwK¯—v‡bi cªwZ ggZv‡eva I Bmjvg`i`x
KíbvI Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| Zvici NUbvUv GZ `ª“Z N‡U †Mj †h, AvRg Lv‡bi cªwZ Ôwd‡i hvIÕ aŸwb D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q, †m‡R mvaviY gvbyl‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡jI
GKUy mgq Iiv nZf¤^ Avi ¯—ä n‡q iBj| ci gyn~‡Z©B Zviv cvwK¯—vwb Rvš—vi `vjvj d.Kv †PŠayixi cªwZ N…YvwgwkªZ I‡`i Avmj PwiÎ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡Z mgq †bqwb| AKvi‡Y
Zv‡`i ivB‡dj evwM‡q a‡i ûogyo K‡i Kvgiv †_‡K c¬vUd‡g©i Kv‡jv cZvKv DwÌZ n‡q‡Q| ˆ¯^ikvm‡Ki †`vmi GLv‡b MYnZ¨v, m¤ú` jyÚb I MYZš¿ nZ¨vi Kv‡R cvwK¯—vwb
Dci †b‡g co‡Z jvMj| I‡`i g‡a¨ K‡qKRb‡K Kvgiv RbM‡Yi m¤§vbm~PK ivq cvqwb| 23 gvP© 1971 m‡bi kvmK gn‡ji Rywo †bB| AvR ¯§…wZ‡ivgš’b K‡i
‡_‡K bvgevi Av‡MB gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¸wj‡Z cªvY w`‡Z nj| cieZ©x cÖ_g `k w`‡bi g‡a¨ AcwiYZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i wknwiZ nw”Q- †Kgb K‡i cªZviK †kvlK‡kªYxi Là‡i
`j msMwVZ n‡q‡Q| ¯’vbxq wgkbvix D”P we`¨vj‡q †evgv wQj evsjvi †gnbZx mvaviY gvbyl PweŸkwU eQi|
Gevi `yÕc‡¶ ïi“ n‡q †Mj hy×| GeviKvi evsjv‡`‡ki evbv‡Z wM‡q cwðg e`ixcyi Mªv‡gi K…wZmš—vb evnvi“j
gyw³msMÖv‡g †ij‡÷k‡bi Dci G ai‡bi jovB Avi †Kv_vI Avjg †PŠayix AvnZ n‡q‡Qb| cieZ©xKv‡j AvnZ Gwcª‡j cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨evwnbxi nv‡Z kni cZ‡bi ci
N‡U‡Q e‡j †kvbv hvqwb| †bvqvLvjxi †mvbvBgywo †ij‡÷kb Ae¯’vq cªvY nvwi‡q‡Qb| mv¤cÖ`vwqK m¤cÖxwZ eRvq w_wZ‡q AvmwQ‡jv D‡ËRbv| †bvqvLvjx kn‡i †Ru‡K e‡m
GRb¨ ¯§iYxq n‡q _vK‡e| cªvq wZbN›Uv a‡i G jovB Pjj| †i‡L GB †mvbvcyi GjvKvi Ava wK‡jvwgUvi `~i‡Z¡ †M‡Q gymwjg jxM I Rvgv‡Zi cvwK¯—vwb `vjvj‡`i
GB hy‡× cuqwÎkR‡bi gZ cvK ˆmb¨ wbnZ n‡qwQj| ¯^vaxbZvi ci cªwZwôZ nq GKwU wn›`y mvayi AvLov I cªkvmb| MwVZ nq kvwš— KwgwU, NvcwU gviv wbixn †m‡R
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i QqRb knx` n‡jb| BwZg‡a¨ LeiUv Pvwiw`‡K GKwU Lªx÷vb‡`i MxR©v| 400 eM© wKwg web¨¯— wekvj _vKv cvwK¯—vwb ‡`vmiiv evN n‡q Svuwc‡q co‡Q
Qwo‡q c‡owQj| Lei †c‡q N›UvwZ‡bK ev‡` AvKªvš— cvK- P‡ii cðv‡Z kvwš—c~Y© Rbc` †ewóZ †mvbvcyi evRvi I ¯^vaxbZvKvgx Rbmvavi‡Yi Dci| Ni-evox, ‡`vKvb-
‰mb¨‡`i mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ †PŠgynbx †_‡K mvgwiK f¨v‡b K‡i msjMœ kªxcyi Mªv‡gi Dci cvwK¯—vwb AvKªgY I nZ¨vhÁ cvU jyU n‡q QviLvi| kn‡ii wn›`y emwZ cªvq wbwðý|
GK`j ‰mb¨ NUbv¯’‡j G‡m †cŠQj| Gevi cvK ‰mb¨‡`i GK weij wbôyi MYnZ¨v| †mvbvcyi GjvKvi Lªx÷vb Rb‡Mvôx wbwðZ †Kvbc¶B
†gvU msL¨v `vuovj AvovBk‡Zi Dc‡i| nZvn‡Zi ev` w`‡q Zv‡`i cªwZ weivM n‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zviv ¯^vaxbZv
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i msL¨v ZLb AvbygvwbK Pwj¬k G G‡m `vuwo‡q‡Q| BmjvgcªxwZi K_v ev` w`‡jI cvwK¯—vwb‡`i GKUv msMªvgx‡`i c‡¶ bvbv mvnvh¨ mnvbyf~wZ‡Z Av¸qvb|
GB Ae¯’vq hy× Pvwj‡q hvIqvUv wbe©yw×Zvi bvgvš—i gvÎ| AnwgKv wQ‡jv Zv‡`i ‰mb¨evwnbxi ¶gZv I †hvM¨Zv
gyw³‡hv×viv Ggb fyj KLbI K‡ibv| Zviv †hgb we`¨~rMwZ‡Z wb‡q| 18 Ryb 1971 mv‡ji we‡Kj 4Uv †_‡K 6Uv ch©š— ZLbKvi †bvqvLvjxi PvjwPÎ A‡bKUv †kvKvnZ
G‡m AvKªgY K‡iwQj, †Zgwbfv‡eB NUbv¯’j †_‡KB A`…k¨ bviKxq nZ¨vh‡Ái KviY wK Ges ¯^vaxbZvhy‡×i mv‡_ gv‡qi †kvK mvg‡j IVvi ci axi gš’i MwZ‡Z msmv‡ii
n‡q †Mj| cvwK¯—vbx ‰mb¨iv Zv‡`i †cQb †cQb avIqv K‡i GB aŸsmh‡Ái m¤úK© ‡Kv_vq- Zv wbY©q Kiv KwVb| nv?j aivi gZ Ae¯’v| ¯^vaxbZvi `xwß Av¸‡bi g‡Zv
AvKªgY Ki‡Z †Póv K‡iwQj, wKš‘ Zv‡`i †m †Póv e¨_© nj| RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨c`cªvß Bmjvg i¶vi msMVb cvwK¯— evsjv †cªwgK‡`i ü`‡q R¡j‡Q| Amnvq gvby‡liv cªZ¨¶
v‡bi wbqwgZ ‰mb¨?evwnbx wb:m‡›`‡n GKwU myk…•Lj Ki‡Q ivRvKvi, gymwjg jxM, Avi RvgvwZ‡`i RNb¨Zg
iweDj †nv‡mb KwP m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K KvVv‡gvi wfZi w`‡q M‡o D‡V‡Q| wbqwgZ cªwk¶Y KvR¸‡jv| g‡b c‡o GK wn›`yi evmv `L‡ji ci
cªKvwkZ ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq ¶gZv‡K K‡i‡Q mymsMwVZ| GiKg AnwgKvq cª`xß UvB‡Uj cvm Rvgv‡Zi kni †bZv ¯^n‡¯— MvQ ‡K‡U mvd
Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj| †`‡ki ˆmb¨evwnbxi AvPiY I wk¶vi ev¯—e cªKvk fvevi K‡i †dj‡Qb| we¯§qvwff~Z `k©‡Ki wRÁvmv, ÒMv‡Qi
182
m~wPcÎ |
wK ‡`vlÓ? Bmjvgcš’x gvIjvbvi msw¶ß Reve- Òwn›`yi wPý Gj GK k¥kv‡bi wb¯—äZv| †`vKv‡b jvk,
I ivL‡ev bv, wn›`y Kv‡di, wn›`yi dyj I Kv‡diÓ| GB wQ‡jv †`vKv‡bi mvg‡b jvk, Wv³vi, Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q
cvwK¯—vwb‡cªgx‡`i gvbwmKZv| †kvbv hvq GB gvIjvbv GLbI Avmv ‡ivMx, wkï, hyeK, e…× ‡Kvb ¯—‡ii gvbylB †invB
ivRbxwZ K‡ib| GLbI evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi ¯^cœ cvqwb| Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi GB jvk n‡q hvIqv wbwe©‡iva
†`‡Lb| Av‡iK †KviAv‡b nv‡d‡Ri ‡bZ…‡Z¡ gyw³‡hv×v gvbyl¸‡jvi KvQ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi AvKywZ Qvov cvwK¯—vwb exi
wba‡bi ARynv‡Z LwjdvinvU GjvKvq wZbgv‡mi cªm~wZ ‰mwbKiv †Kvb cÖwZ‡iv‡ai m¤§yLxb nqwb| gyw³‡hv×vi nvwZqvi
gwnjv‡K MYal©‡Yi ci Zvi †Mvcb A‡½ jeY-gwiP †g‡L `y‡i _vKyK, †Pvi Zvov‡bvi GKwU jvwV, ej¬g I Zv‡`i †Pv‡L
w`‡q ex‡ii g‡Zv hy× Rq K‡i cvlÛiv| bvw`i kvnxi Kvq`vq c‡owb| ZeyI Zv‡`i wRNvsmvi Av¸‡b cªvY w`‡q‡Q GKÕk
jywÚZ `ªe¨ Giv ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ fvMev‡Uvqviv KiZ| G meB PweŸk Rb gymjgvb I GK Rb gywP| wi·vPvjK, gy‡U gRy‡ii
cvwK¯—v‡bi AL Zv eRvq ivLvi jovB‡qi BwZnvm| Bmjv‡gi gv-‡ev‡bi B¾Z jywÚZ n‡q‡Q AMwYZ| cªexYv, hyeZx
gnË¡‡K Kvwjgv wjß Kivi Rb¨ ag©e¨emvqx I ¶gZvwjáy c`©vbwkb bvixi †NvgUv D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q cvwK¯—vwb ee©i‡`i
wckv‡Piv `vqx| gymjgvb I Bmjvg KLbI gvby‡li g½j Qvov Kvgwbôyi fqvj_vevq| GB Acgv‡bi K_v †KD †Kvbw`b
¶wZi wPš—v K‡i bv| †Kvb AZ¨vPvix RyjygevR †kvl‡Ki mv‡_ Rvb‡ebv| GB wbôyi nZ¨v, al©Y, jyÚ‡bi ¶Z ‡Kej Zxeª N„Yv
Aš—Z Avi hvB ‡nvK gymjgvb‡`i m¤úK© _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| n‡q †R‡M Av‡Q †mw`‡bi cªZ¨¶`k©x‡`i g‡b| eû ‡QvU
e¨emvqx †`vKvb nvwi‡q wPiw`‡bi Rb¨ `wi`ª n‡q †M‡Q
†mvbvcyi bv‡gi AeZviYv w`‡q GB UyK‡iv K_v †jLv ïi“ ¯^vaxbZv cieZ©x cybe©vmb Zv‡`i Rxe‡b Avw_©K ¯^w¯— Avi
K‡iwQjvg| †mvbvcy‡i msMwVZ cvwK¯—vwb ‰mb¨‡`i wbi_©K wdwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡iwb †Kvbw`b| `yÕk cuwPkwU †QvU-eo †`vKv‡b
nZ¨v I aŸsmh‡Ái NUbv †Kv_vI wee…Z nqwb| Av‡MB ejv jyÚb Pvwj‡q cywo‡q QvB K‡i w`‡q‡Q| cvuPÕkwU cwiev‡ii
n‡q‡Q evsjvi `w¶‡Y †ij Avi cvKv mo‡Ki _g‡K hvIqv cªwZwU N‡i Xy‡K‡Q nvbv`vi| G jyÚb, al©Y Avi cvwj‡q †h‡Z
Rbc` Ô‡mvbvcyiÕ mvnmx gvby‡li myLx I Amv¤cÖ`vwqK Rxeb bv cviv gvbyl‡`i nZ¨v, cªwZwU cwiev‡i G‡b‡Q †kv‡Ki Ki“Y
Avi wPi`wi`Ö ‡L‡U LvIqv Rb‡mÖv‡Zi GK Avðh© Avkªq| gvÎ Qvqv| cvwK¯—vwb ˆmb¨‡`i Ae¯’vb wQ‡jv `y N›Uv c‡bi wgwbU
GK eM©wK‡jvwgUvi GjvKv‡K wi·vi PviYf~wg ejv hv‡e| gvÎ| ee©iZvi wb`vi“Y j¾¡v G‡`i ¯úk© K‡iwb| S‡oi †e‡M
gmwR` gv`ªvmvi cxV¯’vb ejv hv‡e| wn›`y-Lªx÷v‡bi wgjb¯’vb G‡m S‡oi †e‡M wbivc‡` wd‡i‡Q, wek¦‡envqv wbj©¾
ejv hv‡e, Avi ejv hv‡e wk¶vi ‡K›`Öf~wg| evm, UªvK, jwi| ¯’v‡b ¯’v‡b DM‡i w`‡jv PvBwbR A‡Uv‡gwUK exicy½‡eiv| cvwK¯—vwb jxM-Rvgv‡Zi †mw`‡bi mv_xiv
nv‡Z cvwK¯—vwb †mbv‡`i| me©`w¶‡Y Qy‡U G‡m GKwU evm gvby‡li `y`©kvq †n‡m weRqxi †e‡k †KvjvKywj K‡i‡Q|
1971 mv‡ji 18 Ryb| gvÎ 400 MR iv¯—vi `yB av‡i ÔwUÕ _vg?‡jv| ÔwUÕ - Gi cwðg evû‡Z Qy‡U ‡M‡jv GK`j| DËi ‰mb¨evwnbxi †h †Kvb ÒGRj&UÓ G Aš—Z kÎyevwnbxi †Kvb bv
A¶‡ii gZ mvRv‡bv †QvU †QvU †`vKv‡bi cmiv e‡m‡Q| w`‡Ki kªxcyi I Kwigcyi Mªv‡g XyK‡jv GK`j †mbv| †Kvb ZrciZvi bgybv _v‡K| †mvbvcyi Acv‡ikb wQj VvÛv
GKcv‡k Ajmfv‡e ï‡q _vKv jvj ‡ij‡÷kb Ni, Zv‡ii †gv³vievoxi Pvicvk wN‡i NbemwZi †N‡i Xy‡K †M‡jv cvwK¯— gv_vi nZ¨vhÁ| wbixn gvby‡li i‡³ †nvwj‡Ljvi Drme|
cyKyi, eKwki gmwR`, `wi`ªZg gvby‡li Mv‡q jvMv N‡ii vwb nvbv`viiv| DËi †mvbvcyi GjvKvq Av‡MB ‡b‡g c‡owQ‡jv †`ki¶v I Bmjv‡gi bv‡g ¶gZvi gmb‡` e‡m _vKv cvwK¯—
PwijvB, iwm` wngvMvi, KqnvZ c‡iB †eox evu‡ai †Kvj‡Nu‡l GK`j| cvwK¯—vwb †mbv`‡ji †Kvb †NvlYv †bB, AbymÜvb vwb nv‡qbv I Zv‡`i G‡`kxq †`vmi ivRvKvi-Avje`i‡`i
†b‡g †M‡Q `w¶‡Y eû`~‡i †R‡M IVv P‡ii mgv‡ivn| mycvwi ZrciZv †bB, †bB †Kvb cªwZ‡iv‡ai cªZx¶v| ÔwUÕ- Gi wbôyi †nvwj‡Ljvi Reve GKvˇi gyw³‡hv×viv w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘
Pviv, bvwi‡Kj I Kjvi cvZvi Av‡o †QvU †QvU N‡ii weij cwðgcªvš— †_‡K cª_g¸wji ms‡KZ cvIqv †M‡jv| mš¿¯— fxZ a‡g©i bv‡g G ai‡bi wbôyiZvi Aemvb wK n‡q‡Q G‡`‡k?
emZ| mKvj Mwo‡q `ycyi n‡q‡Q, `ycy‡ii Nyg ¯—äZv †f‡½ Pv- †`vKv‡b e‡m-`vuwo‡q _vKv gvbyl, Amnvq †QvUvQywU, wbwe©Pv‡i
†`vKv‡bi †Kvjvnj- weKvj bvg‡Q ax‡i ax‡i| gmwR`- jyU Ki‡Q| ¸wj Ki‡Q Av¸b jvMv‡”Q Zviv| gyû‡Z© PviÕk MR
gv`ªvmvi AvRvb Avi ˆeKvwjK †Uª‡bi k‡ã †R‡M DV‡Q GjvKv bi‡K cwiYZ n‡jv| `vD `vD K‡i R¡‡j DVj Av¸b, iweDj †nv‡mb KwP m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K
gneŸZcyi, kªxcyi, cwðg e`ixcyi Avi Kwigcyi| †R¡‡j †Mj †`vKvb, Ni-evox, Lyb n‡q †M‡jv kZvwaK Rb cªKvwkZ ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq
gvbyl| cy‡o QvB n‡q †M‡jv A‡b‡KB `yÕN›Uv mg‡qi g‡a¨ Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj| †jLvwU cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj 1998
†ejv PviUvq Dˇii cvKvmoK a‡i Qy‡U Gj kãgq `vbe cªwZev` cªwZ‡ivanxb †mvbvcyi Avi Zvi Pvicv‡ki Mªv‡g †b‡g mv‡ji 2 RyjvB|
183
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GKvˇii 25 gvP© iv‡Z 12Uvi ci cvKnvbv`vi evwnbx ïay Kivi Rb¨ ivRMÄ evRv‡ii PZyw`©‡K Ae¯’vb K‡i| ivRMÄ nvbv`vi meyR, iwe, gvwbK I H 6 Rb †jvK‡K gvBR`x
wbi¯¿ gvby‡li DciB AvKªgY K‡iwb Zviv GKm‡½ ivRvievM evRvi †_‡K gvBR`x‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ cvKevwnbxÕi K‡›UÖvji“‡g †Rbv‡ij nvmcvZv‡ji c~e© DËi ‡Kv‡bi wewìs Gi Kv‡Q wb‡q
cywjkjvBb, wcjLvbv (BwcAvi) K¨v¤ú I K¨v›Ub‡g›U¸‡jv‡Z evievi †Uwj‡dv K‡i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cª¯—ywZ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i MYKei ‡`q|
evOvjx RIqvb‡`i Ici Svuwc‡q c‡o| Kiv nq Ges cvKevwnbx‡K hy‡×i Rb¨ Avnevb Rvbv‡bv nq|
26 †m‡Þ¤^i ch©š— gyw³evwnbxi 5wU `j‡K cªZ¨vnvi K‡i Ab¨ †Kv¤úvbxM‡Äi Zvj‡gvnv¤§` nv‡Ui hy×
†bvqvLvjxÕi K_vq Avwm| 25 gvP© Mfxi iv‡Z (A_©vr 26 RvqMvq Acv‡ik‡b cvVv‡bv nq| ïay 1wU `j ivRM‡Ä iB‡jv| hy×wU ïi“ nq 21 b‡f¤^iÕ 71 ivZ 3Uv †_‡K mKvj 10 Uv
gvP©) XvKv †_‡K †Rjv cªkvmK Rbve gÄyi“j Kwig, e½eÜyi cvKevwnbx GB Z_¨ †Mv‡q›`v gva¨‡g †R‡b Hw`b ivZ 3.30 ch©š—| GB hy‡×i g~jcwiKíbv K‡iwQ‡jb †Rjv we.Gj.Gd
cª_g mvwii mnPi giûg Ave`yj gv‡jK DwKj I ZLbKvi wg: ivRMÄ evRv‡ii 5 w`K †_‡K AvKªgY Pvjvq| KgvÛvi gvngy`yi ingvb †ejv‡qZ| Zvj‡gvnv¤§‡`i nv‡Ui
ˆ`wbK cvwK¯—v‡bi wi‡cvU©vi (eZ©gvb RbK‡Úi) Rbve Kvgvj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ivRM‡Ä Ae¯’vbiZ nv‡kg KgvÛv‡ii †bZ…‡Z¡ †MvWvD‡b 30/40 Rb wgwjwkqv I ivRvKv‡ii GKwU K¨v¤ú
DwÏb Avn‡g‡`i Kv‡Q †Mvcb †g‡mR Av‡m †h, e½eÜy ‡kL gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ¶y`ª `jwU cÖwZ‡iva m„wó K‡i| cvKevwnbxi g~j wQj| Giv mvaviY ‡jvKR‡bi Ici AgvbywlK wbh©vZb
gywRei ingvb ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb Ges XvKvq RbZvi `jwU gvBR`x evRvi †_‡K QqAvwb iv¯—v w`‡q Awfhvb Ki‡Zv| m`i I †eMgM‡Ä 27/30 R‡bi 1wU gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
m‡½ cvKnvbv`vi‡`i m¤§yL hy× Pj‡Q| Kvh¨©Ki e¨e¯’v Mªn‡Yi cwiPvjbv K‡i| cyi‡bv †bvqvLvjx K‡j‡Ri KvQ †_‡K `j msMwVZ n‡q kÎyi GB K¨v‡¤úi Dci AvKªgY cwiPvjbv
wb‡`©k mshy³| m‡½ m‡½ †bvqvLvjx UvDb nj iƒc wb‡jv e…nËi cvKevwnbx 2 Bw gU©vi w`‡q dvqvi Ae¨vnZ iv‡L| Avi K‡i| hy‡× m`i _vbv KgvÛvi mv‡eK WvKmyi mgvRKj¨vb
†Rjvi K‡›UÖvj i“‡g| wc.wU.AvB fe‡b Ae¯’vb wb‡jv cvKevwnbx 4wU `j AvaywbK A¯¿ k‡¯¿i mvnv‡h¨ gyw³evwnbxi welqK m¤úv`K Awn`yi ingvb (A`y) knx` nb| Gici
gyw³evwnbxi m`m¨iv| †hLv‡b wQ‡jv Aemicªvß mvgwiK evwn- Dci e…wói gZ ¸wj el©Y Ki‡Z _v‡K| gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛvi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i m`‡i Avbvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib †WcywU KgvÛvi
bx, Aemicªvß B.wc.Avi, Aemicªvß cywjk, I Avbmvi| wRjv nv‡kg `…pZvi mv‡_ cvKevwnbxi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z _v‡K| 27 Rbve Aveyj Kv‡kg| GB hy‡× AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v †mvbvcyi
¯‹y‡j Ae¯’vb wb‡jv BDIwUwm I †Rwmwm †Uªwbscªvß K‡jR I †m‡Þ¤^i mKvj 7.30 wg: ch©š— hy× K‡i gyw³evwnbx cªvq 23 GjvKvi gvCbywÏb Rvnv½xi (m`i _vbvi) hy‡× exiË¡c~Y©
¯‹y‡ji QvÎiv| wRjv ¯‹yj K¨v¤ú BbPvR© wQjvg Avwg wb‡R| Rb cvKnvbv`vi‡K nZ¨v K‡i| QqAvwb evRvi ‡_‡K Ae`vb ivLvq cieZ©x ch©v‡q exi cªZxK c`‡K f~wlZ nb|
wcwUAvB `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb A¨vW‡fv‡KU jyrdyi ingvb I †bfxi gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 1wU `j KgvÛvi nv‡kg‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨
KgvÛvi iwdK| Dfq †K‡›`Ö A¯¿ mieivn K‡ib 71 G GwM‡q Avmvi †Póv Ki‡jI m¤§yL hy‡×i fqvenZvi Kvi‡Y m`i _vbv I`vi nv‡Ui hy×
Ae¯’vbiZ ‡bvqvLvjxÕi wWwm-Gmwc †Rjv Avbmvi A¨vWRy‡U›U Zv‡`i †m cª‡Póv e¨_© nq| GK ch©v‡q gyw³evwnbxi w`b I mgq n‡jv 30 A‡±veiÕ71 `ycyi 12Uv †_‡K we‡Kj 4Uv
I gnKygv Avbmvi A¨vW| UvDb nj K‡›UÖvji“‡gi `vwq‡Z¡ †Mvjvevi“` †kl n‡q hvq| KgvÛvi nv‡kg bxie n‡q cªvq 30 ch©š—| igRvb gv‡mi 9 ZvwiL `ycyi 12Uvq wm †Rv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡
wQ‡jb giûg Gg.G. AvwRR| 1971 Gi 15 gvP© ‡_‡K GK wg: wbR Ae¯’v‡b wU‡K wQ‡jb| kÎyc¶ G bxieZvi KviY I`vinvU cvKevwnbxi †`vmi‡`i m‡½ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i GK hy×
gvm †bvqvLvjx kÎygy³ wQ‡jv| Gi ci cvKevwnbx AvaywbK eyS‡Z ‡c‡i gyw³evwnbx‡K Pviw`K †_‡K wN‡i †d?‡j Ges msMwVZ nq| GB hy‡× gwZb I nvwej`vi Lv‡j‡Ki Uxg mn
A‡¯¿ mw¾Z n‡q †bvqvLvjx Zv‡`i `L‡j wb‡q hvq| Avgiv KgvÛvi nv‡kg‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i| Gw`‡K gyw³‡hv×v cªvq 40 Rb gyw³‡hv×v AvKªg‡Y AskMªnY K‡i| `xN© 4 N›Uv
mevB cvk¦©eZ©x †`k fvi‡Z P‡j hvB| †Uªwbs wb‡q (G †Rjvi meyR I iwe cvKevwnbxi nv‡Z aiv c‡o| Zi“Y meyR (wcZv: ¯’vqx GB hy‡× Dfq c‡¶ cªvq K‡qK nvRvi ivDÛ ¸wj wewbgq
†Q‡jiv †`‡ki cª‡Z¨KwU †Rjvi hy‡× AskMªnY K‡i) mKj g…Z wmwÏK Dj¨v| _vbv: gv›`vix, †Rjv: †bvqvLvjx)I iwe K‡i| we‡Kj 4Uvq gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 1wU †QvU-`j †KŠk‡j wewìs
gyw³‡hv×v Kª‡g Kª‡g fviZ †_‡K †`‡k cª‡ek K‡i| K‡qKwU (wcZv: nwi‡gvnb mvnv, Mªvg: fevwbMÄ, †Rjv: j¶xcyi) GB Gi †`Iqv‡ji Kv‡Q Kªwjs K‡i †cŠ‡Q †Mª‡bW wb‡¶‡ci K_v
hy‡×i Kvwnbx: wQ‡jv `yBR‡bi wVKvbv| Ab¨w`‡K cvKevwnbxi †h `j ivRMÄ †Rv‡i ej‡j m‡½ m‡½ 26 Rb ivRvKvi A¯¿ Dc‡i Zy‡j
AvKªgY K‡iwQ‡jv Zv‡`i nv‡Z gyw³‡hv×v †Mvjvg nvq`vi I †LvjvRvqMvq `vuwo‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡i| G Ae¯’vq hyׇ¶‡Îi
ivRMÄ hy× mwdK aiv c‡o| †Mvjvg nvq`vi‡K mv‡_ mv‡_ ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Pvwiw`‡K 5/6 nvRvi mvaviY RbMY Ae¯’vb †bq| e›`xK…Z
cy‡iv‡bv K‡j‡Ri c‡i ivRMÄ| 71 m‡bi 21 †m‡Þ¤^i K‡i Ges mwdK‡K gvBR`x ‡Kv‡U© wb‡q hvq| cvK evwnbx H 26 Rb ivRvKvi‡K Ave`yj¨v wgqvi evoxi mvg‡b G‡b 3 iv¯—
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i 6 wU `j GKwÎZ n‡q cvKevwnbx‡K †gvKv‡ejv GjvKv ‡_‡K Av‡iv 6 Rb‡K e›`x K‡i wb‡q hvq| cvK vi ‡gv‡o ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v K‡i jvBb a‡i †d‡j iv‡L| G Lei
184
m~wPcÎ |
gvBR`x wc.wU.AvB‡Z Ae¯’vbiZ cvKevwnbxi †d‡j| DËi `w¶Y I c~e© AÂj ‡_‡K mKj
wbKU †cŠQ‡j ciw`b mKvj 10Uvq Mvoxi eni
wb‡q cvKevwnbxi NUbv¯’‡j †cŠQvq|
gyw³‡hv×v kn‡i D‡V evKx wZb w`K wN‡i
†d‡j| 6 wW‡m¤^i ivwÎ 3Uv †_‡K dvqvi Pvjy
¯§…wZ‡Z ‡bvqvLvjxi gyw³hy×
cvKevwnbxi ‡gRi Mvox ‡_‡K †b‡g K‡i| iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i wKQz ivRvKvi cvwj‡q A¨vW‡fv‡KU mviIqvi-B-`xb
ivRvKvi‡`i jvBb Kiv ï‡q _vKv jvk †`‡L hvq| wc.wU.AvB ¯’vbwU msiw¶Z GjvKv|
fxZ mš¿¯— n‡q ‡Kvb Acv‡ikb bv K‡i gvBR`x ivRvKviiv †_‡K †_‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvKªg‡Yi
P‡j Av‡m| Reve ‡`q 303 ivB‡dj †_‡K| 1969 mvj| 6 `dv I 1 `dvi msMÖvg Zy‡½| ‰¯^ivPvi AvBqy‡ei wei“‡× QvÎ
msMÖvg cwil‡`i 11 `dv RbZvi `vex‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Avwg ZLb QvÎ
wcwUAvB GjvKvi hy× Gw`‡K †dbx‡Z 2bs †m±‡ii mve †m±i BDwbqb (gwZqv Mªyc) Gi ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv kvLvi ‡m‡KªUvix| QvÎ ivRbxwZi
†bvqvLvjx †Rjvi †kl hy×| hy× ïi“ nq 6 KgvÛvi K‡Y©j Rvdi Bgvg gvBR`x wc.wU.AvB cvkv-cvwk Avwg kÖwgK ivRbxwZ‡Z Rwo‡q c‡owQ| ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv wi·v kÖwgK
wW‡m¤^iÕ 71| ivwÎ 3.30 wg: †_‡K 7 hy‡×i Lei †c‡q Zvi GKwU †mKkb wb‡q `ycy‡i BDwbq‡bi cÖwZôvZv mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e Avwg ZLb KvR KiwQjvg| mviv ‡`‡k
wW‡m¤^iÕ71 Gi we‡Kj 3.10 wg: ch©š—| hy× G‡m gvBR`x Ae¯’vb †bb Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cvov gnj¬vq e½eÜyi wb‡`©‡k me©`jxq msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ n‡q‡Q|
ïi“i c~‡e© 4 I 5 wW‡m¤^i cvK‡mbv I wgwjwkq- mKj Ae¯’vb I kÎyi Ae¯’vb †R‡b wb‡q kÎyi gvBR`x evRv‡i AvÂwjK me©`jxq msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ n‡jv| giûg
viv Av‡¯— Av‡¯— ¯’vb Z¨vM K‡i Kywgj¬v Awfgy‡L Av¯—vbvq 2wU 2 Bw gUi †mj wb‡¶c K‡ib| mwdKyi ingvb n‡jb D³ msMÖvg cwil‡`i mfvcwZ Ges Avgv‡K Kiv n‡jv
iIqvbv n‡q hvq| G e¨vcviwU ivRvKviivI m‡½ m‡½ ivRvKviiv fq †c‡q AvZ¥mgc©Y ‡m‡KªUvix| Ai“Y ¯‹y‡ji GKwU K‡¶ gvBR`x evwjKv we`¨vwb‡KZ‡bi Awdm
eyS‡Z cv‡i wb| Gw`‡K †bvqvLvjx †Rjv K‡i| Gici 7 wW‡m¤^i †bvqvLvjx †Rjv wQj| ‡mB Awd‡mB Avgiv msMÖvg cwil‡`i Awd‡mi KvR KiZvg| gvBR`x
we.Gj.Gd KgvÛvi (MYcªRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k cy‡ivcywi kÎygy³ n‡q hvq| GB hy‡× 2 Rb kni wgwQ‡ji kn‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| GK w`b Ai“Y ¯‹y‡ji ¯‹vD‡Ui Wvwg
miKv‡ii wb‡`©‡k) Rbve gvngy`yi ingvb gyw³‡hv×v AvnZ nb| Zvuiv n‡”Qb- (1) Avwgbyj ivB‡dj nv‡Z gvBR`x evRvi ‡_‡K kn‡ii w`‡K GK HwZnvwmK wgwQj ‡ei
†ejv‡qZ 5 wW‡m¤^i e…nËi †bvqvLvjx †Rjvi nK, Mªvg-`vgv`i, 2 bs `v`cyi BDwbqb, m`i| nq| Wvwg ivB‡dj Kvu‡a wb‡q Avgiv GK`j QvÎ/hyeK wgwQ‡ji cy‡iv fv‡M
cª‡Z¨KwU _vbv KgvÛvi‡`i Zvi Mjvq ¸wj jvM‡j wZwb KÚ¯^i nvwi‡q ‡k¬vMvb Zyjjvg, Òexi evOvjx A¯¿ ai – evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb KiÓ| ÒRv‡Mv Rv‡Mv -
(we.Gj.Gd/GdGd/GgGd/wewW Gd) †K †d‡jb| †`k ¯^vax‡bi ci giûg Ave`yj evOvjx Rv‡MvÓ| ÒRq evsjv-Rq evsjv|Ó
wb‡`©k †`b cª‡Z¨K _vbv m`i `ßi AvKªgY K‡i gv‡jK DwKj Kj¨vY Uªv‡÷i fvZv cªvß 18 ‡deÖqvix 1969 Zvwi‡L ‡mbevM cvK ‡mbviv QvÎ/RbZvi wgwQ‡j ¸wj
cy‡ivcywi kÎygy³ Ki‡Z| †h K_v †mB KvR| gyw³‡hv×v| (2) Ab¨Rb n‡”Q- Av`gRxi kªwgK Qyuo‡j 2 Rb evOvjx wbnZ n‡qwQ‡jb| ‡mbev‡M ‡mbvevwnbxi ¸wj‡Z 2Rb wbnZ
mKj _vbvq hy‡×i mvR mvR ie c‡o hvq| †Mvjvg †gv¯—dv| Mªvg-ivgK…òcyi, 3 bs nIqvi Lei Qwo‡q co‡j mviv ‡`‡k we‡¶v‡fi Av¸b `vD `vD K‡i R¡‡j D‡V|
†Rjv m`‡ii wc.wU.AvB `L‡ji `vwqZ¡ c‡o †bvqvbœB, m`i| Zvi †c‡U ¸wj jv‡M| wPwKrmvi ‡mbev‡M MYnZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` 19 ‡deÖqvix mviv ‡Rjvq niZv‡ji WvK ‡`q
m`‡ii mKj gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Dci| wc.wU.AvB ci †m fv‡jv nq| wZwb RxweZ| wZwbI Kj¨vY ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv me©`jxq QvÎ msMÖvg cwil`|
AvKªgY Ki‡Z G‡m gyw³‡hv×viv kn‡ii cÖ‡ek Uªv‡÷i fvZv cªvß gyw³‡hv×v| 19 ‡deÖqvwi 1969| ‡mbev‡M MYnZ¨vi cÖwZev‡` gvBR`x kn‡i me©vZ¥K
c‡_ (1) bvnvi wewìs ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú (2) niZvj PjwQj| Avgiv gvBR`x evRv‡ii cÖavb mo‡Ki Dci B‡Ui ¯—yc w`‡q
gvBR`x ‡KvU© †÷kvb ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú (3) `‡Ëi †bvqvLvjx c~Y©v½ ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci weivU e¨vwi‡KW m…wó K‡iwQ| cvK ‡mbvevwnbx `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K G‡mB e¨vwi‡KW
nvU ivRvKvi K¨v¤ú ¸wo‡q †`q| K¨v¤ú AvKªgY gyw³‡hv×viv ¶y`ª ¶y`ª fv‡e bvbv RvqMvq Ae¯’vb m…wó K‡iwQ| cvK ‡mbvevwnbx `w¶Y w`K ‡_‡K G‡mB e¨vwi‡K‡W evuavMÖ¯’ nq|
Ki‡Z m`i cwðg AÂj †_‡K wm †Rv‡bi †bq| e…nr AvKv‡i wQ‡jv (1) †bvqvLvjx wRjv Avwg ‡mbv evwnbxi K¨vc‡U‡bi wR‡ci m¤§y‡L `vuwo‡q evav w`jvg Ges wP??rKvi
KgvÛvi Av`gRxi kªwgK †bZv †gvnv¤§` Dj¨v I ¯‹yj| (2) nwibvivqYcyi D”P we`¨vjq (3) K‡i ej‡Z jvMjvg ‡mbev‡M ¸wj K‡i hv‡`i nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q Avgiv Zv‡`i
Av`gRx PUK‡ji we`¨yr wefv‡Mi Kg©Pvix mwd Avn¤§w`qv D”P we`¨vjq, †mvbvcyi| jvk PvB|
†bZv †bZ…Z¡ †`b| GB hy‡× Aemicªvß mvgwiK ‡mbvevwnbxi K¨v‡Þb nVvr wRc ‡_‡K evR cvwLi gZ jvwd‡q c‡o Avgv‡K
evwnbx/ Avbmvi/ gyw³‡hv×v I Aemicªvß cywjk Zvi wR‡c Zy‡j wb‡q QyU‡jv `w¶Y w`‡K| Dcw¯’Z K‡qK kZ QvÎ-RbZv ZLb
Kg©KZ©vmn kZvwaK gyw³‡hv×v wm †Rv‡bi c‡¶ 2003 mv‡ji gv‡P© iweDj †nv‡mb KwP QÎf½ n‡q hvq| wRcwU `w¶‡Y eZ©gvb evm Uvwg©bvj ch©š— wM‡q Avevi Avgv‡K
hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i| Zviv Rv‡g gmwR‡`i m¤úvw`Z †bvqvLvjx †cŠimfv KZ©…K cªKvwkZ wb‡q QyU‡jv gvBR`x evRv‡ii Dci w`‡q DËi w`‡K| eZ©gvb wU.wf ‡m›Uv‡ii
cwð‡g Aew¯’Z †ibywgqv K›Uv±‡ii evox †_‡K ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi m¤§y‡L wM‡q K¨vc‡U‡bi wRc ‡_‡K ‡mbvevwnbxi UÖv‡K Avgv‡K Qy‡o ‡djj|
eZ©gvb bZyb evm÷¨vÛ ch©š— cy‡iv GjvKv wN‡i cvZvq Zz‡j G‡b‡Qb gyKzj| kn‡i ¸Re Qwo‡q coj ‡h Avgv‡K Avwg©iv ‡g‡i ‡d‡j‡Q| Gw`‡K
185
m~wPcÎ |
‡mbvevwnbxi Mvox eni ‡PŠgynbx ‡ij Kªwms‡qi ‡MU eÜ _vKvq ‡cŠimfvi mvB‡K¬vóvBj ‡gwmb w`‡q Avgiv ‡Mvc‡b Òey‡jwUbÓ n‡q‡Qb| 11 b‡f¤^i ‡ewZqvivq knx` nb 11
‡mLv‡b ‡_‡g hvq| cv‡ki cywjk dvuwo ‡_‡K KZ©e¨iZ I.wm Qvwc‡q Lei cÖPvi KiZvg| cwðg gvBR`xi PKªeË©x evox‡Z Rb gyw³‡hv×v|
ieŸvbx mv‡ne ‡ewi‡q G‡m ‡mbvevwnbxi KvQ ‡_‡K Avgv‡K wQj Avgv‡`i Òey‡jwUbÓ Qvcv‡bvi ‡Mvcb ¯’vb| ‡mRb¨ 1 wW‡m¤^i 1971| Avwg PvUwL‡ji ‡`ŠjZcyi ‡_‡K 80
cywjk dvuwo‡Z ‡i‡L ‡`b| ‡PŠgynbx K‡j‡Ri Qv·`i weivU ivRvKvi evwnbx Afq PKªeË©x‡K a‡i ‡mbvevwnbxi nv‡Z awi‡q R‡bi ‡Mwijv evwnbx ‡mvgcvovq Ave`yj¨vi evox‡Z hvÎv
wgwQj Avm‡Z ‡`‡L ‡mbvevwnbxi eniwU Kywgj¬v K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui w`‡j Zvu‡K b…ksmfv‡e ‡PŠgynbx ‡UKwbK¨vj ¯‹y‡j G‡b nZ¨v weiwZ K‡i ‡fvi iv‡Z gv›`vix kÎyK¨v‡¤ú GKKfv‡e AvKªgY
w`‡K P‡j hvq| K‡i| PvjvB Ges hy× K‡i gv›`vix gy³ Kwi|
ÒAvgv‡K Avwg©iv wb‡q ‡M‡QÓ G Le‡i gvBR`x kn‡i DËvj 23 GwcÖj 1971 cvK nvbv`vi evwnbx jvKmvg ‡_‡K moK 3 wW‡m¤^i gv›`vix evRv‡ii PZyw`©K ‡NivI K‡i gv›`vix nvB
RbZvi ‡mÖvZ iv¯—vq ‡b‡g Av‡m Ges Hw`b we‡Kj 4Uvq c‡_ ‡bvqvLvjx‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| Avgiv GK`j hyeK cÖwk¶‡Yi ¯‹yj gv‡V GK weivU mgv‡ek Kwi| 1 wW‡m¤^i gv›`vix gy³ K‡i
ZrKvjxb e¨vivK gv‡V (eZ©gvb cvewjK ‡nj‡_i Awdm) weivU Rb¨ fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv P‡j hvB| AvMiZjvq dÖvóg ‡nv‡÷j Avgiv hLb `Ëcvov nvB ¯‹yj gv‡V wekÖvg wbw”Qjvg ZLb H
Rb mgv‡e‡k Avgvi gyw³i `vex D‡V| ciw`b 20 ‡deÖyqvix bvgK K¨v‡¤ú b¨vc (‡gvt) QvÎ BDwbqb KwgDwbó cvwUiÖ ‡hŠ_ GjvKvi 6 R‡bi GKwU gyw³‡hv×v `j mvnveywχbi Kgv‡Û
1969 Zvwi‡L cÖKvwkZ ‰`wbK B‡Ëdv‡Ki ‡nW jvB‡b gv›`vix Awfgy‡L hvIqvi mgq cvK wgwjwkqv evwnbxi
‡bvqvLvjxi G Lei Qvcv nq| ¸wj‡Z 1 Rb gyw³‡hv×v ¸wjwe× n‡q knx` nb|
6 `dv I 11 `dvi MYAf¨_¡v‡b ‰¯^ivPvi ‡cÖwm‡W›U 16 wW‡m¤^i Avgiv weRq jvf Kijvg| 3 Rvbyqvix
AvBqye Lv‡bi cZb N‡U| ‡mbv cÖavb Bqvwnqv Lvb 1972 ‡bvqvLvjx ‡KvU© wewìs Gi m¤§y‡L ‡c‡Ûj ‰Zwi
mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi K‡i ¶gZv `Lj K‡i ‡`‡k mvaviY K‡i AvbyôvwbK fv‡e cÖkvm‡bi wbKU Avgv‡`i ‡hŠ_
wbe©vP‡bi ‡NvlYv ‡`q| ‡Mwijv evwnbxi A¯¿ Rgv w`‡qwQ| Hw`b A¯¿ Rgv ‡`qvi
1970 mvj| mviv ‡`‡k mvaviY wbe©vPb n‡jv| mgq ZZKvjxb ‡R?jv cÖkvmK ‡R. Gj. `v‡mi Aby‡iv‡a
e½eÜyi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgxjxM GKK msL¨vMwiô `j ‡KvU© wewìs G Dcw¯’Z _vKv knx` ivóÖcwZ wRqvDi
wn‡m‡e ‡K‡›`Ö Ges cÖ‡`‡k Rqjvf Ki‡jv| wKš‘ cvwK¯— ingvb ‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i cÖwk¶Y w`‡q Ges fviZ ‡_‡K
v‡bi mvgwiK Rvš—v wbe©vP‡bi dj ‡g‡b ‡bqwb| Zviv ch©vqKª‡g cÖwk¶Y ‡k‡l Avgv‡`i ‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbxi
e½eÜyi nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯—vš—i bv K‡i ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡Ki m`m¨ msL¨v e…nËi ‡bvqvLvjx‡Z 450 R‡b DwbœZ
bv‡g evOvjx RvwZi wei“‡× loh‡š¿ wjß nq| n‡qwQj| gyw³hy× `xN©vwqZ n‡j wf‡qZbv‡gi Kjv‡KŠk‡j
26 gvP© 1971| ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjvi ZrKvjxb ‡Rjv Avgv‡`i ‡Mwijv evwnbx gyw³hy× Pvwj‡q hvevi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ
cÖkvmK gÄyi“j Kwig mv‡ne ‡UwjMÖv‡g ‡g‡mR ‡c‡jb wQj|
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27 gvP© 1971 ‡gRi wRqvDi ingvb PÆMÖvg ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö D‡`¨v‡M ‡hŠ_ ‡Mwijv evwnbxi cÖwk¶Y msMwVZ Kivi KvR n‡qwQj Avgvi Kgv‡Ûi b¨vc KwgDwbó cvwU© I QvÎ BDwb‡qi
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K‡iwQj| evsjv‡`‡ki Af¨š—‡i cÖ‡ek Kwi| Ges ‡Mwijv wiKªyU K‡i ‡bvqvLvjx gy³ nIqvi ¯^v¶i enb K‡i| ‡bvqvLvjx gy³ w`em
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26 gvP© ‡_‡K 23 GwcÖj ch©š— ‡bvqvLvjx ‡Rjv me©`jxq AskMÖnY Kwi| ¯§viKMÖš’ Ò†bvqvLvjxÓ †_‡K †jLvwU e¬‡Mi cvZvq Zz‡j
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186
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16 wW‡m¤^i AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi ci hy×e›`x wn‡m‡e fviZ hvb| hvK| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb, mvgwiK miKvi Rvb‡Z cvi‡jv ‡h 7 Zv‡K wb‡q hvq GKRb wbw`©ó Avwg© Awdmv‡ii Kv‡Q| ‡mLv‡b
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Dci Avš—R©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z GKwU eB wnmv‡e MY¨| e‡j ‡NvlYv bv ‡`Iqvi Rb¨ gywRe‡K wPwV ‡j‡Lb| GKB m‡½ c~e© Awfhvb Pvjvq Ges mevB‡K ¸wj K‡i gviv nq| Awfhvb
ivwL wmwÏK mvwjK we‡MÖwWqvi _vKv Ae¯’vq 1988 mv‡ji 17 cvwK¯—vb miKvi‡K mk¯¿ Ae¯’v cÖ¯—yZ _vKvi Rb¨ e‡j ‡`Iqv ‡k‡l ‡`Lv ‡Mj, ILv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv we‡`ÖvnxB wQj bv, wQj ‡Kej
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`dv wb‡q K_v ej‡Z bv Kiv n‡Zv ZLbB wZwb ej‡Zb ‡h, ‡KD cvwK¯—v‡bi ALÛZv ivL‡ZB mTvqZv w`‡q‡Q Avevi ‡K›`Öxq nvB Kgv‡Ûi mviv cvwK¯—vb cÖavb wQj gwZDi ingvb
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187
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gybxi¾vgvb cÖ_g iv‡ZB NvZ‡Ki ey‡j‡U jywU‡q c‡ob| bRgyj nK‡K, KvivMvi ‡_‡K gyw³ ‡c‡q ‡`‡k ‡d‡ib gyL evovevi ‡Póv KiwQj? wkjvwjwc cwÎKvi
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188
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n‡jb, wKš‘ wd‡i G‡jb bv AvRI| ‡R¨vwZ¤§©q ¸nVvKyiZvi Nwoi 10Uv GKPwj¬‡ki wkjvwjwc cwÎKvi m¤úv`K ‡mwjbv cvifxb Kx GKevi kx‡Z ‡Ku‡c D‡VwQ‡jb| Zvi
g‡Zv w¯’i n‡q Av‡Q IB wKQy mgq| IB wKQy¶‡Yi ‡fZi w`‡q P‡j cwÎKvi R¡jR¡‡j cÖQ‡`i w`‡K ZvwK‡q fvevi ‡Póv Kwi| GK kx‡Zi mKv‡j ‡Kv_vq
‡M‡Q 34wU `xN© ermi| bxi‡e KvucwQj cÖL¨vZ ‡jLK, mvsevw`K knx`yj¬v Kvqmv‡ii jvk? Av‡Mi mܨvq
P¶y we‡klÁ Wv. Avjxg ‡PŠayixi ¯§…wZwjwci cv‡k mvRv‡bv Zvi NvZKiv Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡Q, Avcwb wK knx`yj¬v Kvqmvi? wZwb DËi w`‡qwQ‡jb, n¨vu|
wPwKrmv hš¿cvwZ, Abyex¶Y hš¿| Aa¨vc‡Ki Kjg, Kwei Wv‡qwi, Zvi AvZ¥cwiP‡qi GB `…pZvq wK fq ‡c‡q wM‡qwQj NvZK‡`i ‡KD?
f~ZË¡we‡`i M‡elYvMÖš’ meB w¯’i ‡M‡Q 14 wW‡m¤^‡i| knx`‡`i ¯§…wZwjwc‡Z Kvi K_v bv wj‡L cviv hvq? iY`vcÖvmv` mvnv, ‡hv‡Mk P›`Ö
Avgiv jvk LyuRwQ| evsjv‡`k Ry‡o Avgiv AvRI Lyu‡R wdiwQ ‡Nvl, b~Zb P›`Ö wmsn, ‡gvdv¾j nvq`vi ‡PŠayix, gyn¤§` AvLZvi, ax‡i›`Öbv_ `Ë|
knx`‡`i jvk| iv‡qi evRvi ea¨f~wg, wgicyi ea¨f~wg AviI AmsL¨ evsjv GKv‡Wgxi knx` eyw×Rxex ‡KvlMÖ‡š’ cvB gvÎ 175 R‡bi weeiY| wKš‘ GKwU
Rvbv-ARvbv ea¨f~wg‡Z| nVvr GKw`b ‡c‡q hvB Wv. dR‡j ivweŸi RvwZi wPš—v‡K nZ¨v Kivi Rb¨ GB msL¨vwUB h‡_ó| NvZKiv AviI i³ ‡P‡qwQj|
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Rv`yN‡i ivLv Av‡Q knx‡`i KsKvj| Qwe‡Z K‡ivwUi ‡Pv‡L ‡PvL ¯ú¨vwbk wmwfj Iqv‡ii mgq ‡hv×viv cÖwZÁv K‡iwQ‡jb, Avgiv knx`‡`i ¯§…wZ‡K
‡i‡L fve‡Z PvB, eyS‡Z PvB GUvB gybxi ‡PŠayixi K‡ivwU wK bv| cvnviv w`‡q ivLe| c…w_ex‡Z ‡Kv‡bv mgq Ggb wbg©g n‡q Av‡m hLb ¯§…wZ‡KI mZK©
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NvZK ¯úó Rv‡b wj÷ K‡i Kv‡`i GK GK K‡i evmv ‡_‡K ‡ei A‡bK knx‡`iB ¯§…wZwPý ‡bB| Rv`yN‡ii ¯^ívqZ‡b A‡b‡KiB ¯’vb nqwb| evsjv
K‡i Avbv n‡e| Kv‡`i cvwV‡q w`‡Z n‡e Abš— wbi“‡Ï‡ki D‡Ï‡k| GKv‡Wgx GKevi knx` eyw×Rxex‡`i ¯§…wZwP‡ýi cÖ`k©bx K‡iwQj| wKš‘ IB cÖ`k©bxi
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eyw×Rxex‡`i w`‡q, ‡klI nq ‡mB eyw×Rxex‡`i w`‡qB| Ki‡e? ivóÖ wK ‡Kej WvKwU‡KU Qvwc‡qB `vwq‡Z¡ B¯—dv w`‡Z Pvq? Avgiv we¯§…wZi
hy× ‡h KZ iK‡gi n‡Z cv‡i! ‡h cÖRb¥ me©e¨vcx hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡owb AZ‡j Wy‡e hvwQ Kªgk| wKš‘ NvZK AvRI Zvi D`¨Z A¯¿ evwo‡q ‡i‡L‡Q| nZ¨vi
Zv‡`i c‡¶ ‡evSvI KwVb| M…wnYxi hy× m¤§yL mg‡ii ‡hv×vi g‡Zv ZvwjKvwU c~Y© Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯—yZ Zviv| ûgvqyb AvRv‡`i i³v³ gyL wK ‡mK_vB g‡b
bq, ‡jL‡Ki hy× K…l‡Ki g‡Zv bq, kÖwg‡Ki g‡Zv bq wK‡kv‡ii Kwi‡q w`j bv?
hy×| Zey GKwU RvZxq gyw³ msMÖvg, me©e¨vcx gyw³i jovB ZLbB bZyb evsjv‡`‡ki wPš—vPP©v‡K Lyb Ki‡Z ‡P‡qwQj NvZKiv| wKš‘ wPš—v ‡Zv A‡Rq|
gyw³hy× n‡q I‡V hLb G‡Z hy³ nb mK‡j| ‡m Rbhy‡× ‡jLK gvby‡li g…Zz¨ n‡j ZeyI gvbe ‡_‡K hvq| ‡jviKvi g…Z¨yi ciI Zvi AÆnvwm ‡_‡K
wj‡L, wPwKrmK wPwKrmv K‡i, Aa¨vcK M‡elYv K‡i Ask ‡bb| ‡invB cvqwb d¨vwm÷iv| evsjv‡`‡ki d¨vwm÷ivI evuP‡Z cv‡iwb wPš—vi AvKªgY
AvnZ gyw³‡hv×v‡K Kuv‡a K‡i Kjg n‡q I‡V ‡÷bMvb, ‡÷w_‡¯‹vc iƒcvš—wiZ n‡q hvq ‡_‡K| knx‡`i wPš—v eis AviI ZvRv| wPiRvMÖZ| ‡jviKvi g…Z¨yi ci Kwe ivdv‡qj
e‡q wb‡q hv‡”Qb Av‡iK †hv×v GmGgwR‡Z| AZGe A¯¿ ‡h nv‡Z wb‡q‡Q Zv‡K kΓi A‡¯¿i gy‡L Avj‡ewZ© wj‡L‡Qb : ÔÔivBbvi gvwiqv wij‡K wj‡L‡Qb ‡h, ÔwKQy gvbyl A‡b¨i g…Z¨yeiY
`vuov‡ZB n‡e GKw`b| A¯¿ Amg n‡j cÖvYI w`‡Z n‡e| Ôwbixn K‡i, Zv‡`i hv cÖvc¨ g…Z¨y Zv Zv‡`i N‡U bv|Õ ‡Zvgvi g…Z¨y nIqv DwPZ wQj Avgvi|
eyw×Rxex‡`i kvnv`rÕ ‡Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri K_v bq| mk¯¿ eyw×Rxex‡`i ‡Pnviv hviv ‡`‡L‡Qb A_P ‡Zvgv‡K nZ¨v Kiv nj| Avwg cvjv‡Z ‡c‡iwQjvg| wKš‘ ‡Zvgvi i³ GLbI
Zv‡`i ‡mUv g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z nq bv| ‡K e‡j msk߇Ki ‡jLK, ÷c ‡R‡bvmvB‡Wi ZvRv| A‡bKw`b ‡Zvgvi i³ ZvRv _vK‡e|ÕÕ knx`‡`i i³ ZvRv _vK‡e| Avi hviv
cwiPvjK, Ke‡ii bvU¨Kvi mk¯¿ wQ‡jb bv? nq‡Zv Zv‡`i g…Z¨yfq wQj bv| nq‡Zv i³ w`‡q wPš—v K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i wPš—vi wPi RvMiY‡K nZ¨v Ki‡e Ggb ¶gZv Kvi?
Zviv ‡`kZ¨vM Ki‡Z Pvbwb| XvKvq e‡m cvnviv w`‡Z ‡P‡qwQ‡jb g…Z¨ygq
wefxwlKv¸‡jv| AveviI ‡d‡`wi‡Kv Mvwm©qv ‡jviKvi K_v| ‡jviKv Rvb‡Zb dÖv‡¼v 9 wW‡m¤^i 2007
189
m~wPcÎ |
‡m ivZ wQj Pvu`bx cmi| c…w_exi wewfbœ RvqvMvq ‡h ‡Kvb e¨w³MZ ¯^v_© RwoZ wQj bv| Awkw¶Z ‡Q‡jwUi g‡a¨ Rvb‡ZI cvi‡jb bv, Zviv gyw³hy‡×i AbyeÜx wnmv‡eI
¯’vb¸‡jv‡Z ivwÎ ‡R‡M wQj ‡m me RvqMvq, A‡bK DRvMi ‡Kvb D”Pgv‡M©i bxwZ‡eva _vKviI K_v bq| wK R‡b¨ GwM‡q cwiwPZ bb, we‡k¦i BwZnv‡m| fviZxq ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i
wbwkcvIqv Kwe nq‡Zv wjLwQ‡jb gnr ‡Kvb Kve¨, ‡cÖwgKv- wM‡qwQj ‡Q‡jwU ‡evKvi gZ wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K wecbœ Ki‡Z? ‡jLbx‡Z Zv‡`i ‡Kvb D‡j¬L cvIqv ‡Mj bv| Avgiv
‡cÖwg‡Ki ü`q‡fRv Kuv‡a gv_v ‡i‡L nq‡Zv ïbwQj ‡Kvb ‡`k‡cÖg wQj ‡Q‡jwUi AvZ¥vi kix‡i wg‡k hvIqv Pvgov| ¯^vaxbfv‡e wbtk¦vm wb‡Z ïi“ Kijvg| eo n‡Z jvMjvg|
AbvMZ fwel¨‡Zi myLc~Y© wg_yb Rxe‡bi Mí, ‡Kvb gv Zvi ‡`k‡cÖg Zv‡K AKy‡Zvfq K‡i Zy‡jwQj| A‡bK Amxg Avgv‡`i Pvlv ‡hv×viv, Avgv‡`i kÖwgK ‡hv×viv, Avgv‡`i
wbivc` ey‡K mš—vbwU‡K wb‡q nq‡Zv ‡kvbvw”Qj jvj cix Avi mvnmx gyw³‡hv×v, A‡bK hy‡×i ‡¶‡Î wb‡R‡`i bvRyK Awkw¶Z-Aa©wkw¶Z ‡hv×viv Ae‡nwjZ n‡q iB‡jb|
bxj cixi ‡Kvb iƒcK_v... Ae¯’vq cðv`cmvi‡Yi Av‡`k m‡Ë¡I, wcQy bv n‡U Pvwj‡q
wM‡qwQj hy× - g…Zz¨‡K ‡njv‡djvq eiY K‡iwQj `y`©gbxq ZvRyj, AvLvDovi ZvRyjÑ ‡h hy‡×i Av‡M ‡PvivKvievi
‡mB iv‡ZB c~wY©gvi ‡PZbvwebvkx ‡mŠ›`h©‡K AMÖvn¨ K‡i kxY© mvn‡m| Ki‡Zb| gyw³‡hv×v wnmv‡e Zvi bZyb R‡b¥i ci Zvi B”Qv
‡`‡ni ‡Q‡jwU A‡bK¸‡jv ¸wj Ki‡jv fvwi gU©vi ‡_‡K _vKv m‡Ë¡I wZwb cybe©vwmZ n‡Z cv‡ibwb| miKvi,
cvwK¯—vwb kÎywkwe‡i| cÖwZevi ¸wj Kivi Av‡M fvewQj ‡`k ¯^vaxb n‡jv, fviZxq ‡mbvevwnbxi Kv‡Q cï‡`i ‡bZv ‡emiKviÑ mevB wb¯ú…n| ‡UÖ‡b ‡h gvbylUv wcK-c‡KU
GBevi H ï‡qvi cvwK¯—vwb nvbv`v‡ii cv‡ji GKUv wbðq wbqvRx AvZ¥mgc©Y Kij `jejmn| wek¦e¨vcx cÖPvwiZ njÑ Ki‡Zb, ‡mB gyw³‡hv×v dRjyÑ hy‡×i ci ‡MŠixcyi
wQbœwew”Qbœ n‡e| bv, cÖwZeviB j¶¨åó nw”Qj Zvi Acvw_©e fviZxq ‰mwbK‡`i exi‡Z¡ evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb| Avgv‡`i ‡ij‡÷k‡b ‡QvÆ Pv we¯‹z‡Ui ‡`vKvb K‡i Ava‡cUv n‡q ‡eu‡P
gvqvgq ‡Kªva Mv‡q gvLv wb‡e©va gU©v‡ii ¸wj¸‡jv| j‡¶¨ ‡¶ZLvgv‡i KvR Kiv AmvgwiK wbi¶iiv, Avgv‡`i Av‡Qb| Gi ‡P‡q DbœZZi Rxeb wK Zvi cÖvc¨ wQj bv?
‡cuŠQvi A‡bK Av‡MB ¸wj¸‡jv `ye©j n‡q c‡i hvw”Qj A_e© gnvgvbeiv, Avgv‡`i b¶Îiv, Avgv‡`i Avmj ex‡iiv, Zv‡niÑ ‡dbxi exi AvnZ ‡hv×v Zv‡ni hy‡×i ci evwo wd‡i
gvwU‡Z| A`…‡ói Zvgkvq eoB wei³ ‡Q‡jwU| Dcvq GKUv ‡`‡Lb Ni DRvo, cwiev‡ii mevB‡K ‡g‡i ‡d‡j‡Q
Av‡Q| hw` MvQcvjvi Avovj ‡_‡K ‡ei n‡q 300-400 ivRvKv‡iiv, Zvi evwoNiI `Lj K‡i‡Q H Kyjv½v‡iivB!
M‡Ri gZ GwM‡q wM‡q ¸wj Kiv hvq, Z‡e wKQy KvR n‡Z wbt¯^Zvi nZvkvq wcwR nvmcvZv‡ji Dci ‡_‡K jvwd‡q c‡o
cv‡i| j‡¶¨ AvNvZ nvb‡e Ma©e ¸wj¸‡jv| wKš‘ mgm¨v n‡jv AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡ib| GiKg Av‡iv nvRviUv j¾v LyuR‡Z ‡M‡j
300-400 M‡R `~‡i ïayB avb‡¶Z! kÎywkwe‡ii Av‡iv ‡ewi‡q co‡e|
Kv‡Q! c~wY©gvi Av‡jv‡Z biwckv‡Pi ‡PvL, gyw³i gnvb Av‡jv
R¡jv ‡PvL ‡`L‡Z cv‡e wVKB| wbR©bZvq wVKB ïb‡Z cv‡e hy×vciv‡ai wePvi nqwb| GUvI j¾vi| GUvi ‡P‡q eo
ürwc‡Ûi ayKcyK - "¯^vaxbZv! ¯^vaxbZv!!" gviv ci‡Z n‡e j¾v Avgv‡`i Avmj exi‡`i cÖwZ Avgv‡`i AeÁvwgwkÖZ
‡e‡Nv‡i| ‡Q‡jwU QyUj Zvi KgvÛv‡ii Kv‡Q| 400 MR KZ©e¨nxbZv| GBme `wi`Ö gyw³‡hv×v‡`i A‡b‡KB ‡eu‡P
mvg‡b GwM‡q hvevi AbygwZ Pvq| g…Zz¨i AbygwZ Pvq! knx` ‡bB| A‡b‡KB nq‡Zv Aí wKQyw`b c‡i nq‡Zv Avi _vK‡eb
nevi AbygwZ Pvq!! KgvÛvi ‡h‡Z w`‡Z PvB‡jb bv| bv| Avgv‡`i gyw³i wbixn, AmvgwiK Amxg mvnmx ‡hv×vivÑ
bv‡Qvoev›`vi Aby‡iv‡ai ci KgvÛvi A‡bK AvksKv wb‡q Kx K‡iwQ‡jb Avi Kx ‡c‡q‡Qb? Syjš— cÖkœwU ‡_‡K Avwg
AbygwZ w`‡jb, g‡b g‡b ‡`vqv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb, ‡hb ‡Q‡jUv AkÖ“cZ‡bi kã ïb‡Z cvB| GL‡bv mgq Av‡Q, GB exi‡`i
‡eu‡P wdi‡Z cv‡i| Amxg mvn‡mi mv‡_ ‡Q‡jwU GwM‡q Rb¨, ewÂZ‡`i Rb¨ wKQy Kivi| FY wKQy ‡Zv ‡kva Kwi!
‡Mj| g…Zz¨ ‡hb fi weKv‡ji `wm¨ ‡g‡qi KyZKyZ ‡Lj‡Z cÖkœwU ‡_‡K AkÖ“cZ‡bi kã eo Amn¨ ‡VK‡Q!
‡h‡q ‡nuvPU cvIqvi gZB mvaviY, A¸i“Z¡c~Y©!! GwM‡q ‡Mj
‡m!!! [Rbhy‡×i MY‡hv×v / ‡gRi Kvgi“j nvmvb f~Bqv - ‡_‡K
‡m wKš‘ g‡iwb ‡m iv‡Z| ‡`k ¯^vaxb nevi mv‡_ ‡Q‡jwUi AbycÖvwYZ]
190
m~wPcÎ |
ÔBmjvgÕ k‡ãi A_© kvwš—| hy‡M hy‡M Bmjvg kvwš—i evYxB Ab¨Zg| ¸L©v evwnbx Avi cvwK¯—vb Avwg© wQj c…w_ex‡Z mg‡qi me‡P‡q K‡Vvi mvgwiK evwnbxi wei“‡×|
cÖPvi K‡i wM‡q‡Q| c…w_exe¨vcx ZvB jv‡Lv jv‡Lv gvbyl K‡VviZg| G‡nb GK evwnbxi wei“‡× Kviv hy× K‡i‡Q? cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i ‡`‡ki KwZcq gvbylI wb‡R‡`i
Bmjvg a‡g© `xw¶Z nb| Bmjv‡gi gg©evYx Abyaveb K‡iB evsjvi GKSuvK `vgvj mš—vb| gyw³‡hv×v wn‡m‡e ‡hLv‡b wQj gv-fvB-‡ev‡bi cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i‡Q| KviY wn‡m‡e
gvbyl Bmjv‡g ag©vš—wiZ nb| Bmjvg ag© memgq kvwš—i mvgwiK evwnbxi ‡jvK ‡_‡K †÷k‡bi Kywj ch©š—| QvÎ, Zviv Awef³ cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Bmjvg ag©‡KI RwoZ
K_vB e‡j Avm‡Q| PvKwiRxwe, gRyi, K…lK, hyeK, e…×, ‡K wQjbv ‡mB K‡i‡Qb| hw`I 47 G ag©xq wØRvwZ‡Ë¡i Dci wfwË K‡i
gyw³hy‡×| wn›`y, gymwjg, ‡eŠ×, LÖxóvb wbwe©‡k‡l mevB GB fviZel© fvM n‡qwQj, wKš‘ Kv‡q`-G-AvRg ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx
ZeyI Avgiv Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm NvUvNvwU Ki‡j ‡`L‡Z cvwi hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡iwQj| ‡m hy× wQj evOvjxi cÖv‡Yi hy×| wRbœvni Bmjvg PP©v wb‡q wKš‘ hyM hyM a‡iB m‡›`n cÖKvk
‡h, GB BwZnv‡mI A‡bK i³ ‡j‡M i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvwK¯—vb Bmjvg cÖwZôv K‡iwQj, cvwK¯—vb
gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (mvt) Gi RxeZKv‡jI hy× n‡q‡Q| Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© hviv GKUyLvwb Rv‡bb, ZvivI Bmjvg PP©vi cxV‡K›`Ö, cvwK¯—vb wef³ n‡q ‡M‡j Avgv‡`i
Avj¬vni wb‡`©‡k Avgv‡`i gnvbexI hy‡× Suvwc‡q c‡owQ‡jb e`‡ii hy×, L›`‡Ki hy×, Iû‡`i hy×, Ges AviI bvbv hy× GB c~e©evsjv n‡q DV‡e wn›`y‡`i-gvjvDb‡`i-weag©x‡`i
weag©x, Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡×| ‡Kvb ‡Kvb mgq hy×wU Aek¨¤¢vex m¤ú‡K© wKQyUv n‡jI ej‡Z cvi‡eb| e`‡ii hy‡× ‡Lv`vi cxV¯’vb| ZvB hy‡× cvwK¯—vbx‡`i mnvqZv K‡i Bmjvg‡K
n‡q c‡o| Avj¬vn gnvb ‡KviAv‡bI GBme hy× m¤ú‡K© evYx ‰mwbK‡`i msL¨v gvÎ wQj 313| Avi hy‡×i djvdjI wbðB i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|
w`‡q‡Qb| wk‡ói cÖPv‡ii Rb¨, `y‡ói `g‡bi Rb¨ KL‡bv Kv‡iv ARvbv bq? gvÎ 313 Rb wek¦vmx ‰mwbK wb‡qB
KL‡bv A¯¿‡KB K_v ej‡Z nq| gnvb Avj¬vn Zv-Avjv Avgv‡`i gnvbex (mvt) nvRvi nvRvi weag©x‡`i mv‡_ ‡mB wKš‘ GwU hw` ev¯—weKB Bmjvg i¶v ev Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii hy×
memgq `y‡ói `gb Ges wk‡ôi cÖPviB Pvb| ZvB hy× A‡bK hy‡× Rqx n‡qwQ‡jb| n‡Zv Z‡e Avgvi wek¦vm, `…p wek¦vm, Gi djvdjUv D‡ëv
mgq mgvR MV‡bi Rb¨ LyeB cÖ‡qvRbxq n‡q c‡o| Kvib n‡Zv| Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ ‡h me hy× hy‡M hy‡M msNwUZ
You Have to be Cruel Only to be Kind. ‡KviAv‡b myiv Avbdvj G e`‡ii hy‡×i eY©bv cvIqv hvq| n‡q‡Q Zvi BwZnvm NvU‡jB G wel‡q Avgiv mK‡jB
gnvb Avj¬vni cÖwZ AMva wek¦vm, ivm~‡ji Dci Av¯’vB wbtm‡›`n _vK‡ev| gnvb Avj¬vn ¯^qs ‡hLv‡b LvwU
mgvR cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq PvB mk¯¿ wec¬e| Avj¬vni Zv‡`i‡K Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡× Rqx n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj| gymjgvb‡`i mg_©K ‡mLv‡b Zv‡`i civRq ‡Kvbfv‡eB ‡iva
wb‡`©‡k ZvB Avgv‡`i ivm~jI hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡owQ‡jb| Gici Kv‡j Kv‡j AviI A‡bK hy×B msNwUZ nq Kv‡di, n‡Z cv‡i bv| weRq gymjgvb‡`i Aek¨¤¢vex| wKš‘ Zv n‡Z
Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ hy׸‡jv wQj Aek¨¤¢vex NUbv| weag©x‡`i wei“‡×| ‡mB mKj hy‡× wek¦vmxiv Aí wKQy ‰mwbK n‡e Avj¬vni AvBb cÖwZôvi Rb¨| Avj¬vn me©kw³gvb, wZwb
wb‡qB nvRvi nvRvi ‰mb¨ m¤^wjZ Kv‡di‡`i wei“‡× Rqx B”Qv Ki‡j ‡h ‡Kvb djvdj‡KB wbwg‡l e`‡j w`‡Z cv‡ib,
Avgv‡`i evOvjx‡`i Rxe‡bI hy× G‡m‡Q ev‡iev‡i| Avgv‡`i n‡qwQ‡jb| KviY gnvb Avj¬vn myenvbvZv-Avjv wek¦vmx‡`i wZwb cv‡ib cv_‡iI dyj ‡dvUv‡Z|
BwZnvm wec¬‡ei BwZnvm, Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnvm| Avgiv ‡Kvb mg_©b K‡iwQ‡jb| gymjgvb‡`i mg_©‡b wQ‡jb| ‡m me hy×
wKQyB Lye mn‡R AR©b Ki‡Z cvwiwb| gy‡Li fvlv ‡_‡K ïi“ wQj gymjgvb‡`i Bmjvg cÖwZôvi hy×| ZvB Avgvi g‡b evi evi GKwU cÖkœB Rv‡M, HwZnvwmK
K‡i ‡fv‡Ui AwaKvi, fv‡Zi AwaKvi meB Avgv‡`i hy׸‡jv‡Z ‡hLv‡b weag©x‡`i Zyjbvq LyeB AímsL¨K
Av‡›`vjb K‡i, wec¬e K‡i AR©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| 1971 G GLb Avwm Avgv‡`i gnvb gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m| cvwK¯—vbxiv Cgvb`vi wek¦vmx wb‡q nvRvi nvRvi weag©xi wei“‡× hy× Rq
Avgiv ¯^vaxbZvI AR©b K‡iwQ GK mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡×i wei“‡×| hy× K‡iwQj Awef³ cvwK¯—v‡bi Rb¨| Avi evOvjxiv hy× Kiv ‡Mj, ‡mLv‡b AvaywbK A¯¿ mw¾Z c…w_exi Ab¨Zg
Kv‡`i wei“‡× Avgiv evOvjxiv hy× K‡iwQ? K‡iwQj evsjv‡`‡ki me©vZ¡K ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨| 47 ‡_‡K 71 mvgwiK evwnbx wb‡qI cvwK¯—vbx Bmjvg i¶vKZ©viv ‡Kb
ch©š— GB `xN©w`b miKvix ‡emiKvix wewfbœ w`K ‡_‡K Avgv‡`i g‡Zv 303 ivB‡djavix Ôweag©xÕ evOvjx‡`i wei“‡×
Avgiv hy× K‡iwQ c…w_exi Ab¨Zg mymsMwVZ GKwU mvgwiK wbcxwoZ n‡Z n‡Z evOvjx Avi mn¨ K‡iwb| 1971 Gi 25 hy× Rq Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv| Z‡e wK GKvˇi gnvb Avj¬vn
evwnbxi wei“‡×| cvwK¯—vb mvgwiK evwnbx| ‡m mgq cvwK¯— ‡k gv‡P© cvwK¯—vb ‡mbvevwnbx AZwK©Z nvgjv Pvjvq wK cvwK¯—vbx‡`i c‡¶ wQ‡jb bv? Z‡e ‡Kb Ôweag©xÕ evOvjxi
vb mvgwiK evwnbx wQj cw…_exi bvgKiv me mvgwiK evwnbxi evb&Mvjx‡`i Dci| evOvjxI M‡o †Zv‡j cÖwZ‡ivaÑ ‡m wei“‡× ÔBmjvg i¶vKvix‡`iÕ GB civRq?
191
m~wPcÎ |
1 1971Õ Gi MYnZ¨vq ¯^íZg mg‡q GB msL¨v me©e…nr| M‡o ‡M‡Q (‡ZBk jvL Pwj¬k nvRviÕ‡i beŸB nvRvi w`qv fvM
GKvËi mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡bi Rw½ m`‡i wiqvmr ‡Rbv‡ij cÖwZw`b 6,000 - 12,000 gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| .. .. K‡ib)| g‡b ivB‡Lb, Avwg GBLv‡b cvKevwnbxi ‡`vmi
Bqvwnqv Lvb m`‡¤¢ KBwQ‡jb, ÒI‡`i wÎk j¶ nZ¨v Ki, .. GwU n‡”Q MYnZ¨vi BwZnv‡m cÖwZw`‡b m‡eŸ©v”P wba‡bi ivRvKvi Avje`i ‡Mv msL¨v ‡Mvbvq ‰j bvB| cÖvq
evKxiv Avgv‡`i _vevi g‡a¨ ‡_‡KB wbt‡kl n‡e|Ó (1) nvi| jvLLv‡bK ivRvKvi ‡Mv msL¨v ‡hvM Ki‡j G‡KK cvwKi
Zvi gv‡b `vuovBZv‡Q, cvK evwnbx GB bvcvK KvgWv nv‡Z knx‡`i msL¨v `k-ev‡ivi ‰g`‡` bvBg¨v AvBe| Avgiv
wKQy weZK© Av‡Q B”Qv ‰Kiv wUKvq ivLv nq| Avm‡j weZK© (w`bcÖwZ 6000-12000 evOvjx wbab) Ki‡Q ‡gvUvgywU AvcvZZ QvweŸk ‰aivB AvMvBqv hvB|
wdZK© wKQy bvB, û`vûw` GKUv M¨vbRvg jvMvq ivLb Avi 260w`‡b (GKvËy‡ii 25-G gvP© ‡_BK¨v ïi“ ‰Kiv 16B Kv‡RB G‡KK cvwK¯—vbxi nv‡Z cÖwZ w`‡b Lyb ‰n‡Q k~Y¨
wK| ¯^vaxbZvi 35 eQi c‡iI GKLvb weZK© B`vwbsKv‡j wW‡m¤^i ch©š—)| AvIqvgx evKkvjx fvi‡Zi `vjvj ‡Mv `kwgK GK Rb ‰Kiv (26 ‡i 260 w`qv fvM K‡ib)|
bqv cvwK‡cÖgx ivRvKvi-Avje`i ‡Mv ‰g‡Ï `vbv evua‡Q Avi ‡`Iqv Z_¨ bv, BD Gb Gi wbi‡c¶ WvUv ‰jqv GKUy wnmve Kv‡RB eySv hvBZv‡Q, (0.1) k~b¨ `kwgK GK-gv‡b G‡KK
Zv ‰nj, gyw³hy‡× bvwK wÎk j¶ ‡jvK knx` nq bvB, KiY hvK| Av‡nb fvBme, GKUy K¨vjKy‡jUi ‰jqv ewm: cvK-evwnbxi nv‡Z cÖwZ `k w`‡b GKRb ‰Kiv evsMvjx gviv
e¨vcviwU bvwK û`vB PvcvevwR| evOvjx wba‡bi ‡jvIqvi wjwgU: 6000 x 260 = M¨v‡Q H mgq| GBWv hy‡×i mgq ‡Kvb Òwgkb B¤úwmejÓ
K‡qKUv cvÛv ivRvKvi Avevi ‰K‡Z Pvq ‡h, wÎk cqwÎk 15,60,000 (15 j¶ 60 nvRvi)| Avi wba‡bi Avcvi Re bvwK? AvBRK¨v dKi“wÏb Qv‡ei Avwg© e¨vKW Mf©‡g›U
j¶ Z `~‡ii K_v, gyw³hy‡× knx` ‡Mv msL¨vWv bvwK K‡qK wjwgU: 12000 x 260 = 31,20,000 (31 j¶ 20 ‡h `¨vkWv‡i Òkvwš—i bxoÓ evbvq ivL‡Q, ‡mB Òkvwš—i
nvRvi, Lye ‡ewk ‰n‡j K‡qKk nvRv‡ii ‰ne| ‡Kb& AvrKv nvRvi)| hw` Avgiv Òn¨vi gvSvgvwSÓ ‰jqv wnmve Kwi, bx‡oÓI ‡Zv ‡ccvi Lyj‡jB w`‡b wek cuwPkUv ‰Kiv Ly‡bi
nvjviv knx` ‡Mv msL¨v ‰jqv û`vB dvj cvib ïi“ ‡Kvi‡Q? ZvB‡j msL¨vWv `vuovq: 23,40,000 (‡ZBk jvL Pwj¬k Lei cvIb hvq| Avi ‡mBLv‡b GKvËy‡i hLb cvK-evwnbx
hyw³Wv wK? ‡n‡Mv hyw³ ‰nj, beŸB nvRvi cvK evwnbxi c‡¶ nvRvi)| GKvËy‡i evsjv‡`‡ki RbmsL¨v AvwQj ‡gvUvgywU c¬¨vb ‡cÖvMÖvg ‰Kiv MYnZ¨v Ki‡Z bvg‡Q, ZLb `k w`‡b
bvwK GKvËy‡ii bq gv‡m wÎk j¶ (ev w_Ö wgwjqb) evsMvjx mvZ ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL| M‡o cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i 5Rb ‰Kiv gvi‡Q GKRb ‰Kiv|
‡Mv gvBiv dvjv‡bv m¤¢e bv| nvQvB bvwK? Av‡mb Avgiv wKQy m`m¨ AvwQj| mvZ ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL‡i 5 w`qv fvM ‡Kvi‡j Kv‡RB eySv RvBZv‡Q wÎk jvL knx‡`i e¨vcviUv ‡Kvb
AsK-msK ‰Kiv ‡`wn n¨v‡Mv K_vq KZUyKyb jwRK Av‡Q! Lvovq - 1 ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL| A_©vr, 1 ‡KvwU cÂvk jvL AwZiÄb bv, ‡Kvb ÒAev¯—e wdMviÓ bv| Avm‡jB wÎk jvL
As‡Ki K_v ûBbv WivB‡qb bv fvBRv‡biv| GB AsK Ki‡Z cwievi AvwQj ZLb ‡`‡k| cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i gviv ‡M‡Q: ‡jvK knx` H hy‡×| Av‡iv GK ‡KvwUi gZb ‰n‡Q kiYv_©x|
Avc‡b‡Mv wd‡evbw° wmwiRI Rv‡bvb jvMe bv, hv`‡ei 0.16 Rb| A_©vr, GKvËy‡i M‡o GKkUv cwievi LyuR‡j Gi Avc‡b‡Mv hw` ¯§i‡Y _v‡K, b¨vkbvj wRIMÖvwd‡Ki 1972-
‰Zjv³ evu‡ki Dc‡i w`qv ev›`‡ii DWv-bvgvI Qjf Ki‡Z ‰g‡`¨ ‡lvjWv cwievi cvIb hvBZ hviv cvK evwnbxi Gi Bm¨y‡Z ‡jLv ‰nwQj evsjv‡`‡k GKvËy‡i wZb wgwjqb (ev
‰ne bv| cÖvBgvix ¯‹yj ‡j‡f‡ji ‡hvM-we‡qvM-¸Y-fv‡Mi wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi ‰n‡Q| 16Uv cwievi-GBWv Zv Ggb wÎk jvL)-Gi ‡ewk ‡jvK gviv M¨v‡Q (3)| AviI A‡bK
Ávb, Avi wKQyWv Kgb ‡mbm& _vK‡jB mvie| AsK Kib Avnvgwi ‡Kvb eo msL¨v bv ‡h NUevi cvie bv| wbi‡c¶ B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqv‡ZB ZLb Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ D‡j¬L
k¨vl ‰n‡j Avgiv Avg‡Mv we‡k¬lYWv Av‡iKWv ‡R‡bvmvB‡Wi Zvi gv‡b Aš—Z 16% evOvjx cwievi GKvËy‡i AvwQj hv‡Mv Kiv ‰nwQj| ‡h‡nZy hy‡×i `yB-wZb eQ‡ii ‰g‡Ï
wfKwUg K‡¤^vwWqvi j‡M Zyjbv ‰Kiv ‡`Lyg wÎk jvL knx‡`i ‡KD bv ‡KD bv-cvK evwnbxi nv‡Z knx` ‰nwQj| ÔAš—ZÕ B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqvq ‡h Z_¨¸jvb wbi‡c¶fv‡e DBVv
e¨vcviWv A‡hŠw³K wKbv! kãWv B”Qv ‰KivB GBLv‡b emvBwQ KviY nvRvi nvRvi AvBwQj ‡mB¸jvb ‡h ¯^vaxbZvi cqwÎk eQi c‡i wbI-
cwiev‡ii D`vniY Avgiv Rvwb hviv gyw³hy‡× GKvwaK m`m¨ ivRvKvi ‡Mv ÒM‡elYvag©xÓ ‡cÖvcvMvÛvi PvB‡Z A‡bK ‡ewk
evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v : d¨v±m GÛ WKy‡g›Um nvivB‡Q| cyiv cwievi ûÏv wbwðý ‰nqv ‡M‡Q GBiKg A‡_w›UK, Zv ‡eva nq KI‡bi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| ‡R‡bvmvBW
D`vniYI Av‡Q ‡Xi! Avgiv bv nq wbI-ivRvKvi‡Mv GKUy WU Ai‡MÕI (http://www.genocide.org) ‡mB m‡Z¨i
1981 mv‡j BD Gb BDwbf©vmvj wnDg¨vb ivBU‡mi Qvi w`qv gg©vwš—K D`vniY¸jv GB K¨vjKy‡jk‡b bv Avwb| D”PviY ïwb (4) t
wWKjv‡ik‡b ‰K‡Q (2) : cvK evwnbxi msL¨v AvwQj beŸB nvRvi| GKvËy‡ii 260 GKvˇii 22‡k ‡deª“qvix Zvwi‡L cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi
gvbe BwZnv‡m hZ MYnZ¨v n‡q‡Q Gi g‡a¨ evsjv‡`‡ki w`‡b G‡KK Rb cvwK Avwg©i nv‡Z 26 Rb ‰Kiv evOvjx gviv ‡Rbv‡ijiv wm×vš— wb‡qwQj ‡h AvIqvgx jxM I Zvi
192
m~wPcÎ |
mg_©K‡`i wbwðý K‡i ‡djv n‡e| cÖ_g ‡_‡KB w¯’i Kiv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| GBWvB cÖK…Z M‡elYvi c×wZ| hviv evbvBb¨v bv|
nq ‡h (G‡`i) ûgwK I fxwZ cÖ`k©b‡K wbg©~j Ki‡Z n‡j weÁv‡bi Rvb©v‡j `yB-PvBiUv ‡ccvi cvewjk Ki‡Q Zviv e¨vcviWv‡i Av‡iKUy Nyivqv ‡`Lb hvq| Avgiv
mvgwiK MYnZ¨vi Awfhvb ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡e t ÔI‡`i wÎk mevB GB c×wZi KZvWv Rv‡b| ‡QvU ‡ejvq ¯‹y‡j wkLv HwKK wbq‡g wnmve Ki‡Yi
j¶‡K nZ¨v KiÕ, ‡deª“qvix m‡¤§j‡b wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb ‡Lgvi“R evwnbx ¶gZvq AvwQj 1975 w_Kv 1979 mvj ‡Póv Kwi, RbmsL¨vi 22 fvM mvdv Ki‡Z ‡Lgvi“Riv Pvi
m`‡i wiqvmr Bqvwnqv Lvb, ÔGes evKxiv Avgv‡`i _vevi ch©š—, PvBi eQi| Gi ‰g‡Ï wbR¯^ Av`‡k©i bv‡g gvBiv eQi (48 gvm) mgq wbwQj| ZvB‡j RbmsL¨vi 4 fvM mvdv
g‡a¨ ‡_‡KB wbt‡kl n‡e|Õ (ievU© ‡cBb, g¨vmvKvi, 1972, mvdv Ki‡Q cÖvq 17 jvL w_Kv 30 jvL ‡jvK (5,6)| Ki‡Z (hv cvwK¯—vbxiv KiwQj) Zviv Kq gvm mgq wbZ?
c„ôv 50)| 25‡k gvP© Zvwi‡L MYnZ¨vi i‡KU Drw¶ß nj| fveZv‡Qb, ‰K GBWv Zv evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨v‡i msL¨vq Aš— GBWv Zv ‡mvRv HwKK wbqg, ivg, iwng, h`y, g`y n¹j‡ZiB
XvKv wek¦we`¨jq AvKªvš— nj Ges kZ kZ Qv·K wbg©~j Kiv Z AwZKªg ‰Kiv hvq bvB| nvQvB ai‡Qb, Zq Lvovb, K_v cvib DwPZ| ‡ni Rb¨ 48 ‡i 22 w`qv fvM K‡ib, Zvici
nj (cvwK¯—vbx ee©i ‡mbv‡`i nv‡Z)| `‡j `‡j GB b…ksm Av‡Q! K‡¤^vwWqvi RbmsL¨v evsjv‡`‡ki GKvËy‡ii jvnvb 4 w`qv ¸Y K‡ib| wK evBi ‰nj? mv‡o AvU gv‡mi wKQy
nZ¨vKvixiv mviv XvKv kn‡ii ivRc_ Awj Mwj P‡l ‡ewo‡q mv‡o mvZ ‡KvwU AvwQj bv| ‡Lgvi“Riv ¶gZvq hvI‡bi ‡ewk| ZvB‡j AveviI ‡`Lv hvBZv‡Q bvcvK KvgWv cvK
GKB iv‡Z Kg K‡iI 7,000 wbixn gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kij| mgq K‡¤^vwWqvi RbmsL¨v AvwQj ‡gvUvgywU 76 jvL (7)| evwnbx bq gv‡m Ki‡Q, ‡Lgvi“‡Riv nqZ ‡mBUv mv‡o AvU
wKš‘ GUv ‡Zv Ôïi“Õ gvÎ| GK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ XvKvi ZvB‡j wPš—v K‡ib, wQqvËyi jv‡Li ‰g‡Ï 17-30 jvL gvBiv gv‡mB K¤úwjU Ki‡Z cviZ| Kv‡RB bq gv‡m wÎk jvL
RbmsL¨vi A‡a©K cvwj‡h evuPj, Ges Aš—Z 30,000 gvbyl mvdv ‰Kiv dvjvB‡Q| Avgiv 17 jvL gvi‡Q GBWv ‰aivB gvibUv AvKvk Kymyg Kíbv bv, ‡Kvb Avbwiqvwjw÷K wdMviI
Gi g‡a¨ cvK evwnbxi n‡Z wbnZ nj| PÆMÖv‡gI RbmsL¨vi wnmve Kwi AvcvZZ: Kv‡RB ‡Lgvi“‡Riv gyj RbmsL¨vi 22 bv| Avi KZfv‡e cÖgvY Kigy?
A‡a©K wbwðý nj| mviv c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b RbMY cvwj‡q fv‡Mi ‡ewk gvBiv mvdv Ki‡Q| Avi Ab¨w`‡K cvKevwnbx Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ ev wÎk jv‡Li e¨vcviUv ‡Kvb nvIqv ‡_BKv
‡eovw”Qj, Ges wnmve ‡_‡K ‡`Lv ‡M‡Q GwcÖ‡jB mviv c~e© mvdv Ki‡Z cvi‡Q Avg‡Mv RbmsL¨vi 4 fvM (30 jvL‡i cvIqv bv| Avgvi g‡Z GBWv Ly‰e wiqvwjw÷K GKUv
cvwK¯—v‡b Aš—Z wZb ‡KvwU gvbyl mvgwiK biwckvP‡`i nvZ 7.5 ‡KvwU w`qv fvM KBiv 100 w`qv ¸Y w`‡j cvIb hvq)| wdMvi| e½eÜy ‡kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^vaxbZvi ci ‡ek
i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ MÖvg-MÖvgvš—‡i cvwj‡q ‡ewo‡q‡Q (ievU© Avgvi Aek¨ K‡¤^vwWqvi d¨vwgwj mvBR m¤^‡Ü ‡Kvb aviYv K‡qK eviB hy‡× knx`‡Mv msL¨v Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ ev wÎk j¶
‡cBb, g¨vmvKvi, c… 48)| GK ‡KvwUiI Ici c~e© cvwK¯— bvB| GB ‡¶‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki ‡¶‡Î hv Av‡M aiwQ (cÖ‡Z¨K D‡j¬L KiwQ‡jb (Z_¨m~Î 8)| Anb ‡Kvb ‡Kvb wbI-
vbevmx fvi‡Z AvkÖq wb‡qwQj- hv Zv‡`i A_©bxwZi Ici cwiev‡i cvuP Rb m`m¨) Zv ‰aivB AvMvBqv hvB| ‡nB ivRvKvi ‰Kevi jvM‡Q ‡h ÒAwkwL¨ZÓ ‡kL gywRe bvwK
cÖej Pvc m…wó K‡i| Gi d‡j cwiYv‡g D™¢yZ cwiw¯’wZ wnmv‡e 1974 mv‡j K‡¤^vwWqvq cwiev‡ii msL¨v AvwQj wgwjqb Avi j‡¶i cv_©K¨ eyRZ bv, ‡ni jvBM¨v bvwK
fviZ‡K mvgwiK n¯—‡¶‡c eva¨ K‡iwQj (MYnZ¨vi ïi“‡Z ‡gvUvgywU 15 jvL 20 nvRvi| Kv‡RB cÖ‡Z¨K cwiev‡i gviv ¸e‡jU ‰Kiv ‡djvBwQj| ‡n‡Mv (Ky) hyw³ ûb‡j nvmyg bv
c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi RbmsL¨v wQj 7.5 ‡KvwU)| ‡M‡Q: GK `kwgK GK AvU (1.18) Rb ‰Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki Kv›`yg eyRevi cvwi bv| Avwg ‡Zv Av‡MB ‰KwQjvg A‡bK
Avwg c‡ii As‡k K‡¤^vwWqv bv‡gi iv‡óÖi Av‡iKLvb ‡¶‡Î wnmveWv AvwQj k~Y¨ `kwgK Qq (0.6)| mvaviY B›Uvib¨vkbvj wgwWqv‡ZB wZb wgwjqb ev wÎk jvL gviv
MYnZ¨vi wkKvi LwZqvb w`qv ‡`Lvgy ‡h ‡Lgvii“Riv ‡mLv‡b evsjvq ‰K‡j ‰K‡Z nq, K‡¤^vwWqvi MYnZ¨vq Gfv‡i‡R hvI‡bi cwimsL¨vb Qvcv ‰nwQj| ‡hgb, b¨vkbvj
‡hB MYnZ¨v PvjvBwQj ‡mB Zyjbvq evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vi cÖ‡Z¨K cwieviB KvD‡i bv KvD‡i nvivB‡Q, hv evsjv‡`‡k wR‡qvMÖvwd‡Ki 1972 Bm¨y| GQvovI The Portsmouth
wdMvi (wÎk jvL) A‡bK wiqvwjw÷K| K‡¤^vwWqvq Pvi N‡U bvB| evsjv‡`‡k GKvËy‡i GKkUv cwievi LyuR‡j Herald (Monday, January 17, 1972), Y C Rossiter
eQ‡ii (1975-1979) MYnZ¨vq ‡Lgvi“‡Riv cÖwZw`b ‡lvjWv cwievi cvIb RvBZ hv‡Mv ‡KD bv ‡KD cvKevwnbxi Curriculum as Destiny: Forging National Identity in
gviwQj GKR‡bi Dc‡i, Avi evsjv‡`‡k cvK evwnbx cÖwZ nv‡Z gi‡Q| Kv‡RB evsjv‡`‡ki cwimsL¨vb Avbwiqvwjw÷K India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh mn A‡bK g¨vMvwRb
`k w`‡b gvi‡Q GKRb ‰Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki MYnZ¨vq k~b¨ wKQy bv| Avi cÎ cwÎKv‡ZB Òw_Ö wgwjhbÓ KZvWv evBi ‰nwQj (8)|
`kwgK Qq Rb d¨vwgwj wfKwUgvBRW ‰n‡Q, ‡mLv‡b GBLv‡b GKUv e¨vcvi Av‡Q| ‡Lgvi“Riv MYnZ¨v Ki‡Q Pvi G QvovI ‡mmgq wjLv A‡bK Bs‡iRx eB-c‡Î wÎk j¶
K‡¤^vwWqvq ‰n‡Q GK `kwgK GK AvU Rb| ZviciI wbI- eQi ‰aiv| Avi cvK evwnbx Ki‡Q bqgv‡m| ‡ni jvBM¨v knx‡`i D‡j¬L Av‡Q (9)| Qv¸ ‡Mv K_v ûBbv g‡b nq
ivRvKvi Avev‡jiv dvj cv‡i - Òw_Ö wgwjqbÓ bvwK cvwKiv Avg‡Mv RbmsL¨vi evBk ‡ZBk fvM mvdv ‰Kiv b¨vkbvj wR‡qvMÖvdK, ‡cvU©mgvD_ ‡nivìmn n¹j‡ZB eywR
Avbwiqvwjw÷K wdMvi! ‡`I‡bi mgq cvq bvB, hv ‡Lgvi“‡Riv Kievi cvi‡Q| GLb ‡kL gywR‡ei jvnvb ÒAwkwL¨ZÓ ‰ebv ‡MwQj bv! hyw³i
hw` ‡Lgvi“‡Riv PvBi eQ‡i bv gvBiv cvKevwnbxi g‰Z 260 ewjnvwi!
2 w`‡b ‡jvK¸jvb‡i gviZ, ZvB‡j w`bcÖwZ gviZ cÖvq 7000 AveviI cwimsL¨v‡b wdi¨v hvB| Zyjbvg~jK wePv‡i
Avgiv GLb Ab¨ GKUv iv‡óÖi MYnZ¨vi LwZqvb nvwRi Rb ‰Kiv| H msL¨vWvI evsjv‡`‡ki ‡¶‡Î BDGb-Gi K‡¤^vwWqvi MYnZ¨v, cvKevwnbxi MYnZ¨vi PvB‡Z A‡bK
Kigy| GBWvi D‡Ïk¨ ‰nj, ‡h MvwYwZK hyw³ Av‡M nvwRi ‡`Iqv cwimsL¨v‡bi mv‡_ Lvc Lvq (6,000 ‡_‡K A‡bK ‡ewk b…ksm AvwQj| Av‡MB ‰KwQ K‡¤^vwWqvi
Kiv ‰n‡Q HwZnvwmK ev¯—eZvi wbwi‡L ‡mB `vweUv 12,000)| Kv‡RB evsjv‡`‡k knx‡`i msL¨vWv û`vB MYnZ¨vq cwiev‡i gviv ‡M‡Q GK `kwgK GK AvU (1.18)
193
m~wPcÎ |
gy³gbvi †mŠR‡b¨ e¬Mvi jvBUnvDR-Gi †cv÷ Z_¨m~Î : wewfbœ Avš—R©vwZK msev` gva¨‡g cÖKvwkZ cÖwZ‡e`b, wewfbœ I‡qemvBU, M‡elYvcÎ Ges gvwK©b Z_¨ AvK©vBf
†_‡K †jLvwU msM„nxZ
194
m~wPcÎ |
19 gyw³hy‡×i cÖvgvY¨ eB
71
dvinvb `vD`
GKUv mg‡q Avgiv, eÜygnj, gyw³hy× wb‡q mvgvb¨ cov‡kvbv K‡iwQjvg| M‡elK bv ‡KD, HiKg ‰ah¨©I ‡bB, Kv‡RB welqUv wb‡q Kv‡Ri
evB‡i Avi G‡Mv‡bv nqwb| wKš‘ KvMRcθ‡jv ‡_‡K ‡M‡Q, 1Uv cyiv‡bv Lv‡g, cyiv‡bv, weeY© wKQy KvMR| gv‡S gv‡S ‡ei Kwi, ‡`wL, nvZ eyjvB, Avevi ‡i‡L w`B|
wKš‘ ‡cvKv ‡K‡U ‡dj‡Q, Svcmv n‡q ‡M‡Q A‡bK¸‡jv nv‡Zi ‡jLv, ZvB g‡b n‡”Q, hv-B _vKyK, hZB Kg ‡nvK ¸i“Z¡ cÖvgvY¨ `wjj wn‡m‡e, GB‡ejv e¬‡M Zy‡j
‡dwj, 2-1 R‡biI hw` Kv‡R jv‡M, g›` wK? AvR w`jvg gyw³hy‡×i Dci ‡jLv wKQy eB‡qi ZvwjKv, eÜy ‡kvf‡bi msM…nxZ, eB¸‡jv ‡Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e Rvwb bv
Z‡e hZ`~i g‡b c‡o gyw³hy× Rv`yNi ‡_‡K ZvwjKvUv evbv‡bv, AvMÖnxiv ‡LvuR K‡i ‡`L‡Z cv‡ib ‡mLv‡bB|
1| Avwg weRq ‡`‡LwQ : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj; (mvMi cvewjkvm©) 25| wm‡j‡Ui hy×K_v : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§`; (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk, 1993)
2| GKvˇii w`b¸wj : Rvnvbviv Bgvg; (mÜvbx cÖKvkbx) 26| gyw³hy× ¯^vaxbZv I e½eÜy : byi“j Bmjvg gÄyi
3| Bangladesh a Legacy of Blood : Anthony Mascarenhas 27| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg : wKkvbP›`Ö/ei“Y ‡`/Ag‡jk wÎcvVx
4| The Rape of Bangladesh : Anthony Mascarenhas 28| GKvˇii ¯§…wZ : evmwš— ¸nVvKyiZv; (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
5| The cruel Birth of Bangladesh : Archer K. Blood; University Press Limited 29| msMÖvggyLi w`b¸wj : evixY `Ë
6| gyw³hy‡×i AvÂwjK BwZnvm : Avey ‡gvt ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb 30| ¯^vaxb evsjv ‡eZvi ‡K›`Ö : ‡ejvj ‡gvnv¤§`; (Abycg cÖKvkbx,1993)
7| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i Avov‡j hy× : Aa¨vcK Avey mvqx` 31| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× Ges cvwK¯—vb : ‡evinvbDwÏb Lvb
8| cÖev‡m gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : Avey mvC` ‡PŠayix 32| GKvËi K_v e‡j : gbRyi Avng`
9| GKvËi-wbh©vZ‡bi KoPv : AvZvDi ingvb 33| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : gvneye Kvgvj
10| gyw³hy‡×i AcÖKvwkZ K_v : AvwZKyi ingvb 34| ‡Mwijv ‡_‡K m¤§yL hy‡× : gvneye Avjg (mvwnZ¨cÖKvk)
11| 1971 mv‡j DËi iYv½‡b weRq : AvLZvi“¾vgvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx) 35| 25 AL¨vZ gyw³‡hv×vi ¯§…wZK_v : gvi“d ivqnvb
12| Avwg weRq ‡`L‡Z PvB : AvwRR ‡g‡mi 36| Avgv‡`i gyw³msMÖvg : ‡gvt IqvwjDj¬vn
13| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g cÖevmx ev½vjx : Ave`yj gwZb 37| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MYnZ¨v 1971 : iZbjvj PKªeZ©x
14| gyw³hy‡×i iƒc‡iLv : Aveyj nvmbvZ 38| evsjv‡`k-MYnZ¨vi BwZnv‡m fqsKi Aa¨vq : ‡Mvjvg wnjvjx
15| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv : ‡gvt Ave`yj nvbœvb 39| j¶ cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q : ‡gRi (Ae.) iwdKyj Bmjvg
16| gvbeZv I MYgyw³ : Avng` kixd 40| evsjv‡`‡ki mvwn‡Z¨ fvlv Av‡›`vjb I gyw³hy× : exi DËg iwdKyj Bmjvg
17| RvMÖZ evsjv‡`k : Avng` gymv 41| GKwU dyj‡K evuPv‡ev e‡j : ‡gRi(Aet) iwdKyj Bmjvg
18| gyw³hy‡×i wfbœ Qwe : Gbv‡qZ gvIjv 42| ¯§…wZ 1971 : ikx` nvq`vi
19| Rxe‡bi hy× hy‡×i Rxeb : K‡b©j byi“bœex Lvb 43| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb '71 : ikx` nvq`vi
20| ¯^vaxbZv '71 (1g I 2q L ) : Kv‡`i wmwÏKx 44| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi BwZnvm : jyrdi ingvb wiUb
21| hLb cjvZK: gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : ‡Mvjvg gyiwk` 45| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g XvKvq ‡Mwijv Acv‡ikb : ‡n`v‡qZ ‡nv‡mb
22| ¯^vaxb evsjvi Af¨y`q Ges AZtci : Kvgi“Ïxb Avng` 46| GKvËi KiZ‡j wQbœgv_v : nvmvb AvwRRyj nK; (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
23| hy×w`‡bi K_v : wRg g¨vwKb‡j 47| GKvˇii XvKv : ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb; (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR)
24| wm‡j‡U MYnZ¨v : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§` 48| gyw³hy× ‡WUjvBb AvMiZjv : nvi“b nvexe
195
m~wPcÎ |
49| GKvˇii NvZK `vjvj hv e‡j‡Q hv K‡i‡Q : msKjK- b~i“j Bmjvg; (gyw³‡hv×v ed. Dr. Sukumar Biswas, Maola Brothers
msnwZ cwil`) 81| 71 Gi `k gvm- iex›`Öbv_ w·e`x; (KvKjx cÖKvkbx)
50| Rbhy‡×i MY‡hv×v : ‡gRi (Aet) Kvgi“j nvmvb f~uBqv 82| gyw³hy‡×i `y'‡kv iYv½b- ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm m¤úvw`Z (Abb¨v)
51| Dhacca : Sarif Uddin Ahmed 83| gyw³hy× gyw³i Rq- mywdqv Kvgvj
52| Avgiv ¯^vaxb njvg : KvRx kvgmy¾vgvb 84| gyw³hy×t Av‡M I c‡i- cvbœv Kvqmvi
53| Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg : MvRxDj nK 85| i³‡fRv GKvËi- ‡gRi (Ae) nvwdR DÏb Avn‡g`|
54| GKvˇii NvZK I `vjv‡jiv ‡K ‡Kv_vq : gyw³hy× ‡PZbv weKvk ‡K›`Ö 86| ey‡Ki wfZi Av¸b : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
55| evsjv‡`‡ki mÜv‡b : ‡gvev‡k¦i Avjx 87| we`vq ‡` gv Ny‡i Avwm : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
56| cÖwZ‡iva msMÖv‡g evsjv‡`k : m‡Z¨b ‡mb 88| Ad e¬vW A¨vÛ dvqvi : Rvnvbviv Bgvg
57| Rq evsjv, gyw³‡dŠR I ‡kL gywRe : Kj&nb 89| BwZnv‡mi i³ cjvk : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
58| g~javiv '71 : gC`yj nvmvb; (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW) 90| Avgiv evsjv‡`kx bv evOvjx : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
59| Avgvi ‡`Lv ivRbxwZi cÂvk eQi : Aveyj gbmyi Avng` 91| evsjv‡`k K_v Kq : Ave`yj Mvddvi ‡PŠayix
60| evsjv‡`‡ki BwZnvm : wmivRyj Bmjvg m¤úvw`Z 92| hvwcZ Rxeb : ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡mb
61| Daktar : Viggo Olsen 93| gyw³hy‡×i Av‡M I c‡i : cvbœv Kvqmvi
62| hy×c~e© evsjv‡`k : e`i“Ïxb Igi 94| ü`‡q evsjv‡`k : cvbœv Kvqmvi
63| hy‡×vËi evsjv‡`k : e`i“Ïxb Igi 95| ‡mB me cvwK¯—vbx : gybZvmxi gvgyb
64| we‡`kx mvsevw`K‡`i `…wó‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : gvneye Kvgvj Ab~w`Z (ZvRgnj 96| Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg : MvRxDj nK
eyK wW‡cv, Abb¨v, 1995) 97| evOvwji gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm : Avng` gRnvi
65| wPÎmvsevw`K‡`i K¨v‡givq gyw³hy×: iweb ‡mb¸ß 98| gyw³hy‡×i mvwnZ¨ : Avn‡g` gvIjv
66| PigcÎ : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj 99| Avwg exiv½bv ejwQ : bxwjgv BeÖvnxg
67| GKvˇii Wv‡qix: ‡eMg mywdqv Kvgvj 100| AcüZ evsjv‡`k : Avwbmyi ingvb
68| ivRvKv‡ii gb (1g I 2q LÛ) : gybZvmxi gvgyb 101| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb-71, c~e©vci : ikx` nvq`vi
69| wfb‡Kv‡q÷ ‡Rbv‡ij : gybZvmxi gvgyb 102| evOvwj Kv‡K e‡j : wmivRyj Bmjvg ‡PŠayix
70| gyw³hy× ‡Kvl (1-5 LÛ) : gybZvmxi gvgyb m¤úvw`Z 103| evsjv‡`k Avgvi evsjv‡`k : iv‡g›`y gRyg`vi
(g~j¨ ‡`o nvRvi UvKv, cÖvw߯’vb mvMi cvewjkvm©, ‡eBjx ‡ivW) 104| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi cUf~wg : Avmv`y¾vgvb
71| gyw³hy× ‡Kvl (1-4 LÛ) : Avdmvb ‡PŠayix m¤úvw`Z 105| Bangladesh At War : Gm Gg kwdDj¬vn
(g~j¨ 2800 UvKv, cÖvw߯’vb gyw³hy× hv`yNi Ges mvMi cvewjkvm©) 106| Witness to Surrender : mvw`K mvwjK
72| NvZ‡Ki w`bwjwc : i‡gb wek¦vm 107| Genocide 71 : Avng` kixd
73| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv, ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb, cye©v cÖKvkbx 108| 1971 : PyKbM‡i MbnZ¨v : gybZvmxi gvgyb m¤úvw`Z (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
74| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ¯§…wZ, msKjb I m¤úv`bv dwi` Kwei, gvIjv eÖv`vm© 109| 1971 : fqven AwfÁZv : m¤úv`bv- ikx` nvq`vi (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
75| ¯^vaxbZvi evBk eQi, ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm, KvKjx cÖKvkbx 110| ALÛ cvwK¯—v‡bi ‡kl w`b¸wj : wR Wwe¬D ‡PŠayix (nKK_v cÖKvkbx)
76| ¯§…wZ 1971, m¤úv`bvt ikx` nvq`vi, evsjv GKv‡Wgx 111| Aei“× evsjv‡`‡k cvwK¯—vwb mvgwiK Rvš—v I Zvi ‡`vmi‡`i ZrciZv : myKygvi
77| ¯§…wZ A¤¬vb 1971, Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ, mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk wek¦vm (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
78| ¯§…wZgq '71, ‡nbv `vm, mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk 112| Amn‡hv‡Mi w`b¸wj gyw³hy‡×i cÖ¯—ywZce© : AvZvDi ingvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
79| Contribution of India in The War of Liberation of Bangladesh, Salam 113| Avgvi GKvËi : ‡gvnv¤§` byi“ Kv‡`i (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
Azad, Ankur Prakashani 114| DËvj gvP© : 1971 : Avn‡g` dvi“K nvmvb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
80| Mujibnagar Government Documents 1971, For: Prof. Salahuddin Ahmed 115| GKvËi : wbh©vZ‡bi KoPv: Av‡Zvqvi ingvb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
196
m~wPcÎ |
116| GKvˇi MvBevÜv : ‡gvt gvneyeyi ingvb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW) 147| gqgbwms‡n GKvËi : gynv¤§` Avãyk kvKyi (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm
117| GKvˇi cvKee©iZvi msev` fvl¨ : Avng` iwdK (mgq cÖKvkb) wjwg‡UW)
118| GKvˇii MYnZ¨v, wbh©vZb Ges hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi: kvnwiqvi Kwei (mgq 148| gyw³hy× : wmwÏKyi ingvb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
cÖKvkb) 149| gyw³hy× : wewfbœ `…wó‡KvY ‡_‡K : Q`i“Ïxb (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
119| GKvˇii NvZK I `vjvj‡`i wePvi : ‡gv¯—vK ‡nv‡mb (Aeqe cÖKvkb) 150| gyw³hy× I cÖevmx evOvwj mgvR : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
120| GKvˇii bq gvm : iv‡eqv LvZyb (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx) 151| gyw³hy× I ivB‡djm : m¤úv`bv myKygvi wek¦vm (evsjv‡`k ivB‡djm)
121| GKvˇii gyw³hy× : HwZnvwmK fvlY BkwZnvi I wPwV : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg 152| gyw³hy× ‡Kb Awbevh© wQj : W. Kvgvj ‡nv‡mb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
wcGmwm m¤úvw`Z (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR) 153| gyw³hy× Rbhy× Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡cÖw¶Z : AvZvDi ingvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
122| GKvˇii gyw³hy‡× eyw×Rxex‡`i f~wgKv : Gg Avi AvLZvi gyKyj (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx) 154| gyw³hy× ‡WUjvBb AvMiZjv : nvi“b nvwee (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
123| GKvˇii ¯§…wZ¸”Q : ZvRyj ‡gvnv¤§` m¤úvw`Z (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 155| gyw³hy× gyw³i Rq : mywdqv Kvgvj (mgq cÖKvkb)
124| GKvˇii ¯§…wZPviY : Avn‡g` ‡iRv (cvBIwbqvi cvewj‡KkÝ) 156| gyw³hy‡× PyqvWv½v I Lyjbv : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
125| GKvˇii iYv½b : kvgmyj û`v ‡PŠayix (Avng` cvewjwks nvDR) 157| gyw³hy‡× w`bvRcyi : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
126| ‡MŠiev½‡b : ‡gRi (Ae.) nvwdRDwÏb Avng` (KvKjx cÖKvkbx) 158| gyw³hy‡× bq gvm : ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij Gg Gm G fyuBqv (Avng` cvewjwks nvDm)
127| Qwn gyw³hy×bvgv : wePvicwZ ‡gvnv¤§` ‡Mvjvg iveŸvbx (gvIjv eÖv`vm©) 159| gyw³hy‡× ewikvj : W. myKygvi wek¦vm m¤úvw`Z (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
128| `w¶b cwðg iYv½b 1971 : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm (m~Pqbx cvewjkvm©) 160| gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`k : ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij ‡KGg kwdDj¬vn exi DËg (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx)
129| w`bwjwc GKvËi : KvRx dRjyi ingvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©) 161| gyw³hy‡× evsjv‡`‡ki Pv-kÖwgK : `xc¼i ‡gvnvš— (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
130| `¨v ‡iBc Ae evsjv‡`k : A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm, ibwÎ Ab~w`Z (ccyjvi cvewjkvm©) 162| gyw³hy‡× gywRebMi : kvgmyj û`v ‡PŠayix (weRq cÖKvkbx)
131| ‡WUjvBb evsjv‡`k : bvBw›Ub ‡m‡fw›U Iqvb : wmWwb kbevM©, gwd`yj nK Ab~w`Z 163| gyw³hy‡× mybvgMÄ, m¤úv`Kt ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx BDbyQ
(mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 164| gyw³hy‡×i AvÂwjK BwZnvm : Avey ‡gvnv¤§` ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nv‡mb m¤úvw`Z (mvwnZ¨
132| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq MYnZ¨v : 1971 RMbœv_ nj (AvMvgx cÖKvkbx) cÖKvk)
133| civwRZ cvwK¯—vbx ‡Rbv‡ij‡`i `…wó‡Z gyw³hy× : gybZvmxi gvgyb (mgq cÖKvkbx) 165| gyw³hy‡×i wKQy K_v cvebv ‡Rjv : Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` (RvZxq mvwnZ¨ cÖKvkbx)
134| ew›`kvjv cvwK¯—vb : ‰mq` bvwRgywÏb nv‡kg (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 166| gyw³hy‡×i wbe©vwPZ cÖeÜ : nvi“b nvwee (Ab¨cÖKvk)
135| cvwK¯—v‡bi KvivMv‡i ‡kL gywR‡ei ew›`Rxeb : Avn‡g` mvwjg Abyev` : gwd`yj 167| gyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U e¨w³i Ae¯’vb : G Gm Gg kvgmyj Av‡iwdb (BDwbfvwm©wU
nK (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW)
136| evOvjxi mvabv I evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : mvjvnDÏxb Avng` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 168| gyw³hy‡×i wfbœ Qwe PÆMÖv‡gi KvKjx : Gbv‡qZ gvIjv (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
137| evi evi wd‡i hvB : AvLZvi Avn‡g` exi cÖZxK (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW) 169| gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ : ‡gvnv¤§` e`i“¾vgvb wgqv exi cÖZxK (Kvkeb cÖKvkbx)
138| evsjv‡`k : RvwZ iv‡óÖi D™¢e : Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 170| gyw³hy‡×i ¯§…wZ I Mvb : m¤úv`bv ‡mwjg ‡iRv (evsjv GKv‡Wgx)
139| evsjv‡`k I evOvwj ‡i‡bmvum ¯^vaxbZv wPš—v I AvZ¥vbymÜvb : Abycg ‡mb (Aemi) 171| hy‡× hy‡× ¯^vaxbZv : ‡gRi bvwmi DwÏb (Abycg cÖKvkbx)
140| evsjv‡`k i‡³i FY : A¨vš’wb gvmKv‡ibnvm (nv°vbx cvewjkvm©) 172| i³‡fRv GKvËi : ‡gRi (Ae.) nvwdR DwÏb Avn‡g` (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
141| evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q GKRb cÖZ¨¶`k©xi fvl¨ : ‡ingvb ‡mvenvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©) 173| knx` eyw×Rxex ¯§viKMÖš’ : evsjv GKv‡Wgx
142| evsjv‡`‡ki ZvwiL : gynv¤§` nvweeyi ingvb (gvIjv eÖv`vm©) 174| mË¡vq e½eÜy I gyw³hy× : AvjgMxi mvËvi (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk)
143| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× : fviZ, ivwkqv, Pxb I hy³iv‡óÖi f~wgKv : ‡gRi iwdKyj 175| ‡m±i KgvÛviiv ej‡Qb gyw³hy‡×i ¯§iYxq NUbv, MÖš’bv: Avkivd Kvqmvi,
Bmjvg wcGmwm (Avng` cvewjwks nvDm) m¤úv`bvt kvnwiqvi Kwei (gvIjv eÖv`vm©)
144| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy× bvbv cÖm½ : gyw³hy× M‡elbv ‡K›`Ö 176| ¯^vaxbZv '71 : Kv‡`i wmwÏKx (e½eÜy cÖKvkbx)
145| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡× we‡`kx‡`i f~wgKv : m¤úv`bv- ‡mvnive ‡nv‡mb 177| ¯^vaxbZv Avgvi i³ Siv w`b : ‡eMg gykZvix kwd (Abycg cÖKvkbx)
146| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× `wjjcÎ : m¤úv`Kt nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb, Z_¨ 178| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× ‡LZvecÖvß gyw³‡hv×v : ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb (cye©v cÖKvkbx)
gš¿Yvjq, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi 179| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡× e…nËi Kywóqv : ‡gvt Avãyj nvbœvb (cye©v cÖKvkbx)
197
m~wPcÎ |
180| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ¯§…wZ : msKjb I m¤úv`bv dwi` Kwei (gvIjv eÖv`vm©) 213| gyw³hy‡×i cÎ-cwÎKv Ges Rb¥f~wg cÖm½ : dRjyj evix m¤úvw`Z
181| ¯^vaxbZvi evBk eQi : ‡gRi iwdKyj Bmjvg wcGmwm (KvKjx cÖKvkbx) (ms‡hvM, 1990)
182| ¯§…wZ 1971 : m¤úv`bvt ikx` nvq`vi (evsjv GKv‡Wgx) 214| gyw³i ‡mvcvbZ‡j : iwdKyj Bmjvg exiDËg; (AvMvgx, 2001)
183| ¯§…wZ A¤¬vb 1971 : Aveyj gvj Avãyj gywnZ (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 215| gyw³hy× I bvix : ‡iv‡Kqv Kexi I gywRe ‡gn`x; (AvBBwW, 2006)
184| ¯§…wZgq '71 : ‡nbv `vm (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) 216| nvqbvi LvuPvq A`g¨ Rxeb : g›Uy Lvb
185| cÖev‡m gyw³hy‡×i w`b¸wj : Avey mvC` ‡PŠayix (BDwbfvwm©wU ‡cÖm wjwg‡UW) 217| g¨vmvKvi : ievU© ‡cBb
186| `y‡kv ‡QlwÆ w`‡b ¯^vaxbZv : gynv¤§` byi“j Kvw`i (gy³ cÖKvkbx) 218| Rxeb msMÖvg : Kg‡iW gwY wms
187| Acv‡ikb R¨vKcU : ‡mRvb gvngy` (cÖZxK cÖKvkbx) 219| iYv½‡b GKvËi : wbRvgDÏxb j¯‹i; (HwZn¨)
188| wek eQi ci : m¤úv`bv-- gyn¤§` Rvdi BKevj (Abb¨v) 220| Witness to Surrender : Siddiq Salik
189| Acv‡ikb dyjcyi : k¨vgjx bvmwib ‡PŠayix ISBN: 984 05 1373 7; (The University Press Limited)
190| Avwg exiv½bv ejwQ : W. bxwjgv BeÖvwng 221| Surrender at Dacca : Birth of a Nation : Lt. Gen. JFR Jacob
191| gyw³hy×: evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg : AvwZKym mvgv` ISBN: 984 05 1395 8; (The University Press Limited)
192| KvjivwÎi LÛwPÎ : kIKZ Imgvb 222| Bangladesh at War : Maj. Gen. K. M. Safiullah, psc., Bir Uttam
193| gyw³hy‡×i iƒc‡iLv : Aveyj nvmbvZ ISBN: 984-08-0109-0; (Academic Publishers)
194| gyw³hy‡×i cvuPvjx : Aveyj nvmbvZ 223| Of Blood and Fire : The Untold Story of Bangladesh's War of
195| nvRvi eQ‡ii evsjv‡`k- BwZnv‡mi A¨vjevg : W. ‡gvnv¤§` nvbbvb (mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk) Independence : Jahanara Imam; translated by Mustafizur Rahman;(Academic
196| Kv‡jv cuwP‡ki Av‡M I c‡i : Aveyj Avmv` Publishers)
197| gyw³hy‡× dwi`cyi : ‡gvt ‡mvjvqgvb 224| A Tale of Millions : Bangladesh Liberation War-1971 : Maj. Rafiqul
198| evsjv`‡ki ‡kÖô Qwe : gyw³hy‡×i Qwe msKjb; (wcAvBwe) Islam, Bir Uttam; (Ananna)
199| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy× : `wjjcÎ (16 L ) : nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb m¤úvw`Z 225| War and Secession : Pakistan, India, and the Creation of Bangladesh :
(Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq, MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi, 1982) Richard Sisson, Leo Rose
200| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g cÖevmx evOvjx (evsjv‡`k : 1971) : Ave`yj gwZb; (‡iwW‡Kj ISBN: 0520076656; (Univ California Press)
Gwkqv cve. jÛb, 1991) 226| BANGLADESH, THE UNFINISHED REVOLUTION
201| evOvwji RvZxqZvev`x msMÖvg, gyw³hy‡× PÆMÖvg : Wv. gvndyRyi ingvb ; 1993 Author: Lawrence Lifschultz
202| evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¥ : ivI digvb Avjx : (kvn Avng` ‡iRv Ab~w`Z); (BDwcGj, 1996) Publisher: ZED Press , London
203| gyw³hy‡× PÆMÖv‡gi bvix : ‡eMg gykZvix kwd; (wcÖqg cÖKvkbx, 1992) 227| THE BANGLADESH REVOLUTION & AFTERMATH g: Talukder
204| gyw³hy‡×i ‡cÖ¶vc‡U e¨w³i Ae¯’vb : G. Gm. Gg. mvgQyj Av‡iwdb; (BDwcGj, Maniruzzaman; (Bangladesh Book Internationa)
1995) 228| DISCOVERY OF BANGLADESH : Stephen M. Gill
205| Avgv‡`i GKvËi : gwnDwÏb Avng` (wmwWGj, 2006) Publisher: The Uffington Press
206| iYv½‡b m~h© ‰mwbK : mvLvIqvZ ‡nv‡mb gRby (PÆMÖvg, 1992) Address: Melksham, Wiltshire, U. K.
207| gyw³hy‡× bvixmgvR : Zcb Kygvi ‡` (wbD GR, 1998) 229| India and South Asia: A Short History : David Ludden
208| AÄwj jvwnwo (kvnxb AvLZvi m¤úvw`Z) : ¯§…wZ I K_v (AvBb mvwjk ‡K›`Ö, ISBN 1851682376; (Oxford oneworld)
1999) 230| GK ‡Rbv‡i‡ji bxie mv¶x (¯^vaxbZvi cÖ_g `kK)- ‡gRi ‡Rbv‡ij gBbyj ‡nv‡mb ‡PŠayix
209| gwnjv gyw³‡hv×v : dwi`v AvLZvi m¤úvw`Z; (bvixMÖš’ cÖeZ©bv, 1991) 231| Avgvi ‡QvU‡ejv 1971 Ges evev ZvRDÏxb Avng` : wmwgb ‡nv‡mb wiwg
210| GKvˇii `ytmn ¯§…wZ : kvnwiqvi Kexi m¤úvw`Z; (NvZK `vjvj wbg©~j KwgwU, 1999) 232| AvZ¥K_v 1971- wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y
211| GKvˇii MYnZ¨v I bvix wbh©vZb : Avmv`y¾vgvb Avmv` (mgq, 1996) 233| weRqx n‡q wdie bv nq wdieB bv-‡gRi Kvgi“j nvmvb f~uBqv
212| gyw³hy‡× evOvwj ‡eŠ× m¤cÖ`vq : cÖYeKygvi eoyqv (evsjv GKv‡Wgx, 1998) 234| Lyu‡R wdwi (1971 Gi wcZ…¯§…wZnxb mš—vb‡`i K_v)-msKjb
198
m~wPcÎ |
199
m~wPcÎ |
1. Ai“‡Yv`‡qi AwMœmv¶x myfvl `Ë (1974) 26. Liberation Fighters WKy‡g›Uvwi; AvjgMxi Kwei (1971)
2. Iiv 11 Rb Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (1972) 27. Innocent Millions WKy‡g›Uvwi; eveyj ‡PŠayix (1971)
3. Avevi ‡Zviv gvbyl n Lvb AvZvDi ingvb (dvi“K, eweZv AwfbxZ) 28. AvMvgx ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg (1984)
4. i³v³ evsjv Keix, wek¦wRr AwfbxZ 29. kir 1971 kU© wdj¥; ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg (2000); wkï GKv‡Wgx
5. evNv ev½vwj Avb›` 30. b`xi bvg gaygwZ Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j (1990)
6. GKvˇii hxï bvwmi“wÏb BDmyd (1995); kvnwiqvi Kwe‡ii Dcb¨vm ‡_‡K 31. wbtm½ mvi_x Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j (2007); ZvRDÏxb Avng‡`i RxebxwfwËK
7. ax‡i e‡n ‡gNbv AvjgMxi Kexi (1973) 32. m~Pbv ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg
8. Av¸‡bi cikgwb ûgvqyb Avn‡g` (1995) 33. ‡LjvNi ‡gvi‡k`yj Bmjvg
9. k¨vgj Qvqv ûgvqyb Avn‡g` (2006) 34. A State is Born WKy‡g›Uvwi (1971)
10. gyw³i Mvb Zv‡iK gvmy` 35. ¯^vaxbZv Bqvmwgb Kwei
11. gyw³i K_v Zv‡iK gvmy` 36. Rqevsjv Rvcvb miKv‡ii mnvqZvq wbwg©Z
12. RqhvÎv ‡ZŠwKi Avn‡g` 37. ûwjqv Zvbfxi ‡gvKv‡¤§j; (wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi 'ûwjqv' KweZv Aej¤^‡b kU©wdj¥)
13. gvwUi gqbv Zv‡iK gvmy` (2002) 38. BwZnvmKb¨v kvgxg AvLZvi; (GKRb hy×wkïi Rxeb wb‡q)
14. ‡mB iv‡Zi K_v ej‡Z G‡mwQ KvImvi Avn‡g` ‡PŠayix (2004) 39. ‡g‡Ni A‡bK iO nvi“byi ikx` (gvw_b); (1979)
15. Stop Genocide Rwni ivqnvb (1971) 40. Avgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i fyj‡ev bv nvi“b~i ikx` (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
16. Let There Be Light Rwni ivqnvb (1971) 41. `yR©q Rvu‡bmvi Imgvb (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
17. Rxeb ‡_‡K ‡bqv Rwni ivqnvb 42. evsjv gv‡qi `vgvj ‡Q‡j iwdKyj evix ‡PŠayix (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
18. msMÖvg Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (Lv‡j` ‡gvkvii‡di Wv‡qwi Aej¤^‡b) 43. ‡kvf‡bi GKvËi ‡`evkxl miKvi (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
19. Av‡jvi wgwQj 44. GKvˇii iO‡cwÝj gvbœvb nxiv (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
20. KjgxjZv ‡mv‡nj ivbv, KvRix AwfbxZ 45. GKvˇii wgwQj Keix mv‡ivqvi (wkï GKv‡Wgx)
21. nv½i b`x ‡MÖ‡bW Pvlx bRi“j Bmjvg (1997); ‡mwjbv ‡nv‡m‡bi Dcb¨vm ‡_‡K 46. Rq evsjv‡`k AvB Gm ‡Rvni
22. wkjvwjwc(kU©wdj¥) kvgxg AvLZvi (knx` mvsevw`K ‡mwjbv cvifx‡bi Rxebx Aej¤^‡b 47. Rq evsjv Dgv cÖmv`
23. ü`‡q Avgvi ‡`k exi‡kÖô gwZDi ingv‡bi RxebxwfwËK 48. `yiš— cÙv `yM©vcÖmv`
24. Nine Months to Freedom: The Story of Bangladesh Gm myL‡`e; WKy‡g›Uvwi 49. ‡WUjvBb evsjv‡`k MxZv ‡gnZv
25. War Crimes File MxZv mvqMj I ‡WwfW evM©g¨vb; 50. evsjv‡`k ‡÷vwi bwMmv Iwkgv
wewewm WKy‡g›Uvwi (weÖ‡Ub cÖevmx wZb KzL¨vZ ivRvKv‡ii Ici) 51. ingvb: w` dv`vi Ad w` ‡bkb bwMmv Iwkgv
52. ‡gRi Lv‡j`Õm Iqvi MÖvbvWv ‡Uwjwfkb
200
m~wPcÎ |
gvwUi Kvbœv
i³jvj, i³jvj, i³jvj| wb‡`©kbv : wRKy Avn‡g`
(Mv‡bi ïi“‡Z PviRb gvbyl GKwU cy®ú¯—eK nv‡Z g‡Â cÖ_g cÖ`k©bx : 16 wW‡m¤^i, 2007
Av‡m| Zviv axi ax‡i ‡nu‡U hvq| Mvb ‡kl nIqvi ¯’vb : bvivqYMÄ ‡K›`Öxq ‡cŠi knx` wgbvi
Av‡MB Zviv ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a cy®ú¯—eK Ac©Y K‡i P‡j hvq|
m‡½ m‡½ hy× `vgvgv ‡e‡R I‡V| jvd w`‡q g‡Â Av‡m
bvU‡Ki `j : bvUyqv
kvnRvnvb kvgxg Kvd‡bi Kvco civ GK e¨w³| cy®ú¯—eKwU nv‡Z wb‡q
Qyu‡o ‡d‡j ‡`q|)
e¨w³ (1) : ‡eqv`e¸‡jv Kx g‡b K‡i Avgv‡`i ? mvgvb¨ e¨w³ (1) : Gfv‡e we‡eKnxb ‡eu‡P _vKvi ‡P‡q ‡Zv
dyj w`‡q Ki“Yv Ki‡jB Avgiv Lywk‡Z eMj evRve? g…Z¨yB fvj| G Rxeb gv‡b ew›`Z¡| Zvi ‡P‡q g…Z¨yB
eQi ‡k‡l ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a dyj ‡`qvi Rb¨B Kx Avgiv A‡bK ¯^vaxb|
G‡`kUv ¯^vaxb K‡iwQjvg ? e¨vw³ (2) : AveviI ev‡R K_v ejQ ? GKB N¨vbN¨vb
(‡cQ‡b Ab¨ GK e¨w³ wPrKvi K‡i I‡V ) Avi KZw`b Ki‡e?
e¨w³ (2) : GB Pyc Ki| GK`g K_v ejwe bv| ‡Zvi e¨vw³ (3) : GB K_vB ‡Zv KB‡Z jvMwQ, ‡eû`v c¨vPvj
gZ g…Z gvby‡li K_v ‡K ïb‡e? cvBov gv_vi mvwK©U Mig KBiv jvf Av‡Q ?
e¨w³ (1) : ‡K g…Z ? Avgiv bv Iiv ? Avgiv Rxeb w`‡q (GKwU ‡g‡qwj wejvc ‡f‡m Av‡m)
Agi n‡q ‡MwQ| Avi Iiv GK g…Z Rxeb e‡q wb‡q e¨vw³ (3) : (DrKY© n‡q ‡kv‡b ) ‡KVvq Kv‡›` ?
Pj‡Q| ‡evKvi gZ G Rxeb e‡q Pjvi ‡Kvb gv‡b ‡bB, e¨vw³ (1) : wPb‡Z cviQ bv, ‡Zvgv‡`i mevi we‡eK
‡Kvb j¨ ‡bB, ‡Kvb c_ ‡bB| Ñ ‡KejB Rxeb‡K e‡q Kvu‡`| wePv‡ii evYx Kvu‡`| knx‡`i AvZ¥v Kvu‡`|
wb‡q g…Z¨yi Kv‡Q mgc©Y Kiv| ( e¨vw³ 2 DrmvwnZ n‡q LyuR‡Z _v‡K)
e¨w³ (3) : IB ‡h, Avevi c¨vPvj cvievi jvM‡Q| Av‡i e¨vw³ (1) : Lyu‡Rv bv| I ‡Zvgvi ‡fZ‡ii Kvbœv - hv
ZyB e¨vUv gBiv ‡MQm, Zi ‡Zv gv_vB bvB| ‡mBUv wKbv nvwi‡qQ Zvi Rb¨ Kvbœv, hv ‡P‡qQ Zvi Rb¨ Kvbœv|
201
m~wPcÎ |
e¨vw³ (3) : _v‡Kv ‡Zvgvi Kvbœv dvbœv jBqv| Avwg GB m‡e e¨w³ 4 : mgvb Avi n‡Z cvijvg ‡Kv_vq ? Zywg ‡hgb K‡i ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB ‡Zv e¨vjU ‡ccv‡i wmj
bvB| e›`yK aiwQ, hy× KiwQ, `¨vk ¯^vaxb KiwQ| Avgvi fve‡Z cvi Avwg wK ‡Zgb K‡i fve‡Z cvwi ? g…Z¨yiv‡R¨ ‡Zv gv‡i| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡Z hy×vci-
Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q GB `¨vk ¯^vaxb, GBUv fve‡jB kix‡ii e‡UB, RxweZ iv‡R¨I ‡jv‡Kiv wK fve‡Z cv‡i ‡Zvgvi g‡Zv? vax‡K gvjv civq| ‡h n‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB
K¼vjUv gogo KBiv D‡V| AvR‡K GKUv we‡kl w`b| e¨w³ 2 : Zv‡Z Ii jvfUv wK n‡jv ? gv_vUv Mig nIqv ivRvKvi‡K
cyjvcvb hw` GKUy ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a dyj w`qv gRv jy‡U, jyUyK bv, Qvov? mvjvg ‡`q| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡Z Avje`‡ii nv‡Z
Avgvi Kx ? wb‡Ri RvbUv w`qv `¨vkUv evbvqv w`wQ, ‡mBUv e¨w³ 4 : ‡kv‡bb Aa¨vcK ‡hB eq‡m Avcwb g‡i‡Qb gv‡b nvZ ‡gjvq| ‡h nv‡Z dyj ‡`q, ‡mB nv‡ZB ¯^vaxbZv
w`qv Iiv wK Kie, ‡mBUv Iiv fvee ? Avgiv K¨vb gv_v knx` n‡q‡Qb ‡mB eq‡m Avm‡Z Avm‡Z A‡bK ‡bvsiv eyw×i we‡ivax‡K Rwo‡q a‡i| ZviciI AvwgB cvMj,Iiv bq ?
Nvgvgy ? ‡Ljv Avcwb ‡`‡L‡Qb| wKš‘ GB gv_v Mig ‡jvKwU, ‡h wKbv (`xN© wejv‡ci myi ‡f‡m Av‡m| Iiv Kvb ‡c‡Z ‡kv‡b)
e¨vw³ 1 : `ytwLZ MYZvwš¿K wbq‡g Avcbvi mv‡_ GKgZ n‡Z Avcbvi wek¦we`¨vj‡h fwZ© n‡j AvcbviB QvÎ n‡Zv, ‡m e¨w³ 1 : ‡kv‡bb H Kvbœv, hZw`b ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivaxi gvK©vq
cvijvg bv| Avcbvi e¨w³MZ Kei‡K dyjkh¨v evwb‡q ZLbI Rxe‡bi GZme ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv ‡`‡Lwb| ‡fvU co‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv| hZw`b G‡`‡ki
myLwb`Öv w`b| AvcwË ‡bB| wKš‘ Avgvi `vwe ‡_‡K GK cv e¨w³ 1 : Avcbvi mv‡_ GKgZ bB| ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv Rvbv Avi gvbyl f cÖZviK‡K ‡bZv gvb‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv|
wcwQ‡q Avme bv| GB Kvbœv Avwg _vgveB| ‡bvsiv ‡Ljvq ‡g‡Z IVv GK K_v bq| hZw`b gvbyl
e¨w³ 2 : cvi‡e bv| G KvR ‡Kvb g…Z gvby‡li bq| Zywg ‡Zv e¨w³ 2 : Kx ej‡Z PvI Zywg ? `yb©xwZevR‡`i ‡fvU ‡`‡e, ZZw`b G Kvbœv _vg‡e bv|
g…Z| 1971 mv‡j ‡Zvgvi Rxeb ‡_‡K iƒcimMÜ ‡K‡o e¨w³ 1 : Avwg ej‡Z PvB, Rxe‡bi me ‡bvsiv ‡Ljv Rvwb| e¨w³ 2 : Avgiv Rvwb ‡mUv| G‡`‡ki gvbyl evi evi fyj
wb‡q‡Q| GRb¨B Gme ‡bvsiv ‡Ljvi `vuZfvOv Reve w`‡Z PvB| K‡i| 1971 Gi dmj N‡i Zyj‡Z wM‡q fyj K‡i‡Q, 1990
e¨w³ 3 : Avwg hvB, ‡Zvgv‡Mv dvjZy c¨vPv‡j Avwg bvB| e¨w³ 4 : Kx Ki‡e Zywg ? Gi dmj N‡i Zyj‡Z wM‡q fyj K‡i‡Q Ges 2008 GI fyj
Avevi GKUv j¤^v Nyg w`gy| LvIqv civi wPš—v ‡Zv Avi bvB| e¨w³ 1 : GB ¯§wZ‡mŠ‡a Avi KLbI I‡`i dyj w`‡Z ‡`e Ki‡e| RbM‡Yi
`qv KBiv Ke‡ii kvwš— bó KBi bv ‡Zv| bv| weR‡qi dmj evi evi Zviv Zy‡j w`‡q‡Q `yb©xwZevR‡`i
(e¨w³ 3 P‡j hvq ) e¨w³ 2 : cvMj n‡qQ ? nv‡Z, f‡Ûi nv‡Z, cÖZvi‡Ki nv‡Z| fxlY iKg ‡evKv
e¨w³ 1 : Kvcyi“l| e¨w³ 1 : cvMj ‡K ? Avwg bvwK Iiv ? Iiv ‡h n‡Z dyj G‡`‡ki ‡jvK| mgv‡Ri me‡P‡q Lvivc, me‡P‡q RNb¨,
e¨w³ 2 : Kv‡K Zywg Kvcyi“l ejQ, I GKRb exi| me‡P‡q ‡bvsiv, me‡P‡q UvDU ‡jvKUv‡K ‡fvU w`‡q ‡bZv
e¨w³ 1 : AvwgI GKRb exi DËg| Aek¨ Avwg Zv g‡b Kwi evwb‡q ‡`q|
bv| cy‡iv hy×Uv ‡kl Ki‡Z cvwiwb| wmwKfvM nIqvi Av‡MB e¨w³ 4 : `yt‡L eyKUv ‡d‡U hvq| GB Rb¨ e›`yK nv‡Z Zy‡j
m‡i co‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zey Iiv gv‡b H RxweZ gvby‡liv Avgv‡K cÖ_‡g Iiv ejj, cvwK¯—vb GKwU wb‡qwQjvg ? fve‡Z cv‡ib, GB ‡`‡ki ‡jvK GK hy×vci-
exi evwb‡q w`‡q‡Q|
e¨w³ 2 : fv‡jv K‡i‡Q| Iiv Avcbv‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Q| A
gymwjg ivóÖ| hviv cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ vax‡K ‡fvU w`‡q‡Q, G‡`‡ki ‡jv‡Ki ‡fv‡U GKRb ag©
e¨emvqx, ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax msm‡` e‡m‡Q| gš¿x n‡q‡Q|
vgvi fv‡M¨ ‡Zv ‡Kvb c`we ‡Rv‡Uwb| bq Zviv gymjgvb bq| Õ52 Gi ¯^vaxb ‡`‡ki cZvKv D‡o‡Q GKRb ivRvKv‡ii Mvwo‡Z|
e¨w³ 1 : ( nvt nvt K‡i ‡n‡m I‡V) g‡i wM‡qI c`exi ‡jvf (e¨w³ 1 cvM‡ji gZ nvm‡Z _v‡K| `xN©j‡q wejv‡ci myi
hvqwb| fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv ‡f‡m Av‡m|)
e¨w³ 2 : (wKQyUv j¾v cvq ) m¤§vb ‡c‡Z ‡K bv Pvq ? Zywg
PvI bv?
eySjvg, ag© Kv‡qg bq, ‡kvlY e¨w³ 4 : ‡f‡ewQjvg IUv mvgwqK fyj| Aí wKQy ‡jv‡Ki
‡evKvwg| wKš‘ ‡h w`b ivRvKv‡ii Mvwo‡Z G ‡`‡ki cZvKv
e¨w³ 1 : PvB| wKš‘ Zvi Av‡M m¤§vb cvIqvi ‡hvM¨ n‡Z PvB Kv‡qgB I‡`i j¶¨| Õ71 Gi Doj, GKUv Av¸b wgwQj bvgj bv ivRc‡_, ‡Kvb eRÖK‡É
Ges hv‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K m¤§vb cvw”Q ZvivI mr‡jvK nIqv cÖwZev` aŸwb DVj bv, GKUv eRÖgywô evZv‡m ‡R‡M DVj bv|
PvB| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gva¨‡g Avgiv ‡mB j¾vq, Acgv‡b Avgvi nv‡o nv‡o wKjwej K‡i DVj| nvq
e¨w³ 2 : Zywg GK QvÎ n‡q GKRb Aa¨vcK‡K Ávb w`”Q? ‡eovRvj fvOjvg| wKš‘ Bmjvg Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi Kx RNb¨ Acg…Z¨y!
e¨w³ 1 : g…Z¨yiv‡R¨i GB ‡Zv gRv| GLv‡b mevB mgvb| (‡bc‡_¨ ‡_‡K bvixK‡Éi wejvc ‡f‡m Av‡m| GKRb bvix
g…Z¨y mevB‡K mgvb K‡i ‡`q| wb‡q evwYR¨ eÜ nj bv Av‡m|)
(e¨w³ 4 Av‡m ) gwnjv 1 : Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q I‡`i Rxe‡b ‡Kvb ‘71 wQj| Iiv
202
m~wPcÎ |
fy‡j ‡M‡Q 30 j¶ knx‡`i K_v| Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q 2 j¶ i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj|
exiv½bvi K_v| Iiv fy‡j ‡M‡Q msweav‡bi 4wU gyw³ mb‡`i mgq G‡m‡Q gnvhy‡×i
K_v| Iiv GLb AÜ, Iiv GLb ‡evev, Iiv GLb Kvjv| Iiv ‡hw`b ‡`k ivRvKvigy³ n‡e, i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj|
GLb g…‡Zi ‡P‡qI ‡ewk g…Z| c…w_ex‡Z GZ ‡evKv RvwZ (Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z cy®ú¯—eK nv‡Z ‡Xv‡K 3 Rb cyi“l I
GKwUI ‡bB| weRqx n‡q civwR‡Zi kvmb ‡g‡b ‡bqvi Ggb hy×vcivaxgy³ n‡e, ‡mw`b G‡`k GKRb bvix| cyi“l‡`i Mv‡q cvÄvwe I bvixwUi ci‡b kvwo|
bRxi c…w_ex‡Z Avi GKwUI ‡bB| Avgiv g‡i wM‡q hZUyKy cÖK…Z ¯^vaxb n‡e| ‡mw`b ‡_‡g Zviv mevB Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z cy®ú¯—eK wb‡q GwM‡q hvq|
g…Z 4 Rb Zv‡`i wN‡i GKwU e…Ë iPbv K‡i| evRbvi Zv‡j
RxweZ AvwQ, Iiv ‡eu‡P ‡_‡K Zvi ‡P‡q ‡ewk g‡i‡Q| I‡`i
we‡eK g‡i‡Q| I‡`i mZZv g‡i‡Q| I‡`i ‡`k‡cÖg g‡i‡Q| hv‡e gvwUi Kvbœv, evsjv gv‡qi Zv‡j Zviv 4 Rb ïi“ K‡i Zv e b…Z¨| Zv e b…‡Z¨i evRbvi
Iiv GKwU g…Z RvwZ|
e¨w³ 1 : cÖ_‡g Iiv ejj, cvwK¯—vb GKwU gymwjg ivóÖ| hviv
`xN©k¦vm| ‡mw`b ‡Zvgiv dy‡ji Zv‡j RxweZ 4 R‡bi Mvb nvwi‡q hvq| Iiv hLb cy®ú¯—eK
‡e`x‡Z w`‡Z hvq, ‡mB gyn~‡Z© 4 Rb g…Z gyw³‡hv×v cy®ú¯—eK
cvwK¯—v‡bi c‡¶ bq Zviv gymjgvb bq| Õ52 Gi fvlv Wvwj wb‡q G‡mv, Avgiv nvZZvwj a‡i ‡d‡j| Iiv ‡Póv K‡i cy®ú¯—eK ‡e`x‡Z ivL‡Z| cv‡i
Av‡›`vj‡bi ga¨ w`‡q Avgiv eySjvg, ag© Kv‡qg bq, ‡kvlY bv| g…Z 4 gyw³‡hv×vi mv‡_ Iiv wKQy‡ZB ‡c‡i I‡V bv| Iiv
Kv‡qgB I‡`i j¶¨| Õ71 Gi ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i gva¨‡g Avgiv w`‡q ‡Zvgv‡`i ¯^vMZ Rvbve| fq ‡c‡q wcwQ‡q hvq| )
‡mB ‡eovRvj fvOjvg| wKš‘ Bmjvg wb‡q evwYR¨ eÜ nj bvix 1 : (fq ‡c‡q) I gv‡Mv !
bv| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g Zviv MYZš¿‡K Zy‡jvay‡bv Kij| cyi“l 1 : AevK Kv !
wKš‘ MYZ‡š¿i ga¨ w`‡q ¶gZvi ¯^v` ‡bqvi Rb¨ Zviv ‡fvj mgq G‡m‡Q gnvhy‡×i cyi“l 2 : IUv Hfv‡e k~‡b¨ Sy‡j Av‡Q ‡Kb ?
cvëvj| bvix kvm‡bi wei“‡× K_v ejj| wKš‘ ¶gZvi ¯^v` i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj| cyi“l 3 : GiKg A™¢yZ Kv ‡Zv KL‡bv ‡`wLwb !
‡bqvi Rb¨ bvixi c`‡jnb Kij| Bmjvg Kv‡qg G‡`i Kv‡Q e¨w³ 4 : IB ‡h, Iiv Avevi Avm‡Q| I‡`i nv‡Z cy®ú¯— bvix 1 : Pj, Avgiv P‡j hvB|
g~j welq bv| ¶gZvq wM‡q e¨w³MZ m¤ú` evov‡bvB G‡`i eK| cyi“l 1 : IUv wK Ifv‡eB Sy‡j _vK‡e ?
Uv‡M©U| ‡h ‡Kvb `yb©xwZev‡Ri g‡Zv G‡`iI j&¶¨ bM` e¨w³ 1 : I‡`i GB Ki“Yv Avi Acgvb Avgiv ‡g‡b ‡be bv| cyi“l 3 : _vK bv, mgm¨v Kx ?
m¤ú`| ZvB Zviv ¶gZvi ¯^v` ‡c‡qI Bmjv‡gi c‡¶ GKwU I‡`i ‡bvsiv nv‡Zi dyj ‡be bv| cyi“l 2 : `vuovI, IUv‡K Avwg ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a bvwg‡q ivLe|
K_vI e‡jwb| e¨w³ 2 : Kx Ki‡e Zywg ? bvix 1 : ILv‡b ‡hI bv
(e¨w³ 3 Av‡m| wei³ ) e¨w³ 1 : wKQyB hw` bv Ki‡Z cvwi Kgc‡¶ ‡Zv N…Yvq _y _y (cyi“l 2 cy®ú¯—e‡Ki Kv‡Q hvq| IUv‡K aivi ‡Póv K‡i|
e¨w³ 3 : Ke‡ii kvwš— bó Kievi jvMQ K¨vb? `¨vkUv ¯^vaxb wQUv‡Z cvie| cy®ú¯—eKwU m‡i hvq| cyi“l 2 fq ‡c‡q hvq| )
KBiv wK weivU Kvg KBiv dvjvBQ bvwK ? e¨w³ 3 : ( jvd w`‡q nvt nvt K‡i nvm‡Z _v‡K) hvi kB‡j ‡Kvivm :
e¨w³ 1 : ‡Rvi K‡i kvwš— eRvq ivLvi g‡Zv Akvwš— Avi i³ gvsmB bvB, Zvi Avevi _y _y| e¨w³ 1 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv|
‡bB| mgy‡`Öi DciUv kvš— _vK‡jI ‡fZ‡ii ‡mÖvZ wKš‘ ‡_‡g e¨w³ 4 : Avgvi nv‡oi ‡fZi ‡hUyKy Av¸b Av‡Q, ‡mUyKy e¨w³ 3 : Avgiv fyj ‡be bv|
_v‡K bv| Av¸b I‡`i i‡³I ‡bB| e¨w³ 4 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv|
gwnjv 01 : ZvB ‡Zv Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g Avgiv ‡cjvg (e¨vw³ 2 P‡j ‡h‡Z _v‡K ) gwnjv 1 : Avgiv fyj ‡be bv|
AvZ¥NvZx ‡evgv| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g ‡`k f‡i ‡Mj e¨vw³ 1 : ‡Kv_vq hv‡”Qb ? (wZb cyi“l I GK bvix f‡q KyK‡o hvq| e¨w³ 1,3,4 I
fq¼i R½xev‡`| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g g‡i ‡Mj KZ wbi- e¨w³ 2 : ‡Zvgv‡`i GB nvOvgvi g‡a¨ Avwg ‡bB| gwnjv 1 cy®ú¯—eK Zy‡j a‡i|)
civa gvbyl| Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g KZ gvbyl wPiZ‡i cO&¸ e¨w³ 3 : Dwb Ávbx ¸Yx eyw×Rxwe gvbyl, Kywj Kvgjvi g‡Zv ‡Kvivm : Avgiv PvB bv Ki“Yvi dyj
n‡q ‡Mj| Bmjvg - GB cy‡iv‡bv A‡¯¿ G ‡`‡ki gvbyl evi cvQov cvQwo Kie bvwK ? Avgiv PvB bv ‡bvsiv nv‡Zi dyj
evi Nv‡qj n‡q‡Q| GB cy‡iv‡bv A‡¯¿ G‡`‡k ev‡i ev‡i ( `vuZ ‡Kwj‡q nvm‡Z _v‡K e¨w³ 3 ) Avgiv PvB bv Acgv‡bi dyj
Akvwš— G‡m‡Q| A_P Bmjvg gv‡b ‡Zv kvwš—| Avn, kvwš—, e¨w³ 2 : Amn¨ GKUv ‡jvK| Avgiv PvB bv fyj ‡jv‡Ki dyj
Zywg ‡Kv_vq ? (e¨w³ 2 P‡j hvq ) cyyi“l 2 : ‡Zvgiv Kviv?
‡Kvivm : c~e© - w`M‡š— m~h© D‡V‡Q gwnjv 1 : H ‡h Iiv Avm‡Q| e¨vw³ 1 : Avgiv gyw³‡hv×v|
i³jvj i³jvj i³jvj| ‡Kvivm : c~e© - w`M‡š— m~h© D‡V‡Q cyi“l 2 : Avgiv ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q bv ‡Kb ?
203
m~wPcÎ |
e¨vw³ 1 : KviY ‡Zvgv‡`i `…wó‡Z Avgiv g…Z¨yeiY K‡iwQ| Avgv‡`i‡K evi evi Acgvb Ki‡Z ‡`e bv| wb‡q hvb kvwš—i Rb¨ hy×|
‡Zvgiv Avgv‡`i knx` gyw³‡hv×v ej| Avcbv‡`i dyj| e¨vw³ 4 : c…w_exi me mf¨ ‡`‡k hy×vci-
cyi“l 1 : Avcbviv wK g…Z ? (e¨vw³ 1 dyjUv Qy‡o gv‡i| a‡i cyi“l 2 ) vax‡`i wePvi n‡q‡Q| Rvg©vbx‡Z, hy‡Mvk¬vwfqvq,
e¨vw³ 4 : Avgiv Agi| cÖwZwU gyw³cvMj gvby‡li ey‡K e¨vw³ 4 : ‡hB me ivRvKvi‡`i ‡bZv evwb‡q‡Qb, G dyj K‡¤^vwWqvq - hy×vcivaxiv KL‡bv gyw³ cvqwb| K¶‡bv bq|
i‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i bvg| wb‡q Zv‡`i Mjvq Sywj‡q w`b, AvcwË ‡bB| wKš‘ I‡`i Avgiv wK hy×vcivax‡`i wePvi Kie bv? Avgiv wK mf¨ RvwZ
bvix 1 : dyjUv IiKg Sy‡j Av‡Q ‡Kb ? mv‡_ m¤úK© ‡i‡L Avgv‡`i m¤§vb Rvbv‡bvi f vwg Avi bB?
gwnjv 1 : Avgiv dyj ‡be bv| ‡Zvgv‡`i ‡`qv GB dyj Ki‡eb bv| cyi“l 3 : Avgiv K_v w`w”Q, ‡`k‡K hy×vcivaxi Kej ‡_‡K
m¤§v‡bi bq, f vwgi| e¨vw³ 3 : Avgiv mv‡o wZb nvZ Ke‡i ïBqv gvwUi Kvbœv gy³ Kie| mviv c…w_ex‡K Rvwb‡q ‡`e, AvgivI mf¨ RvwZ|
cyi“l 3 : Avgiv Avcbv‡`i m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z PvB| ïwb| Avgv‡Mv Ke‡ii kvwš— bó nBqv hvq| e¨vw³ 1 : Avgiv wek¦vm Kijvg, Avcbviv Avgv‡`i ¯^cœ,
(e¨vw³ 1 nvt nvt K‡i ‡n‡m I‡V|) e¨vw³ 1 : Kvb ‡c‡Z ïbyb evsjv gv‡qi Kvbœv| Zvi mš—vb msMÖvg I w`b e`‡ji mvabv‡K mvg‡b GwM‡q wb‡q hv‡eb|
e¨vw³ 1 : MZ QwÎk eQi a‡i mevB m¤§vb Rvbv‡Z wM‡q nZ¨vi wePvi AvRI nqwb| Lybx‡`i welv³ wbk¦v‡m evZv‡m AvR‡Ki cÖR‡b¥i Avcbviv Avgv‡`i cÖwZwbwa| Avmyb Avgiv
AviI AcgvwbZ K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡`i ¯^cœ, msMÖvg, AwMœhy‡Mi ¸‡gvU nvnvKvi| ‡mB ¯^cœ, msMÖvg I w`b e`‡ji mvabvq GKvZ¡ nB|
K_v mevB fy‡j ‡M‡Q| (‡f‡m Av‡m `~ivMZ wejvc aŸwb) (e¨vw³ 1, cyi“l 2‡K, e¨w³ 3 cyi“l 1 ‡K, e¨vw³ 4 cyi“l 3
e¨vw³ 3 : gv‡b e¨cviUv nBj wMqv Avc‡biv Avgv‡Mv e¨vw³ 1 : IB ‡h gv Kvu`‡Q| wePvinxbZvi j¾vq Zvi GB ‡K Ges bvix 1 gwnjv 1 ‡K Rwo‡q ai‡e| Zviv ci¯úi‡K
GKw`‡K dyj `¨vb, Ab¨w`‡K ivRvKvi‡Mv ‡fvU `¨vb - GBUv wejvc| Zey Avcbviv Lywb‡`i wePvi Ki‡eb bv| hy×vci- Rwo‡q a‡i Ggb GK fw½ K‡i hv‡Z ‡evSv hvq knx`
‡Zv nBevi cvie bv| vax‡`i AvB‡bi KvVMovq `vuo Kiv‡eb bv ? gyw³‡hv×v‡`i AvZ¥v G cÖR‡b¥i gyw³‡hv×v‡`i ‡`‡n Xy‡K
cyi“l 2 : Avgiv ‡Zv ivRvKvi‡K ‡fvU ‡`B bv| e¨vw³ 4 : Avi KZ A‡c¶v Ki‡eb? Avgv‡`i Vv v nv‡o ‡Mj| Zvici knx` gyw³‡hv×viv P‡j hvq|
e¨vw³ 3 : ZvB‡j ivRvKv‡iiv msm‡` wMqv H RvqMvUv we‡`Öv‡ni Av¸b R¡‡j A_P Avcbv‡`i m‡ZR i‡³ ‡Kvb GLb cyi“l 2 e¨vw³ 1 Gi gZ K‡i, cyi“l 1 e¨vw³ 3 Gi
AcweÎ Kij K¨vg‡b ? gš¿x nqv ‡`‡ki cZvKvi Acgvb we‡õviY ‡bB| Kx n‡q‡Q Avcbv‡`i ? we‡eK g‡i ‡M‡Q ? g‡Zv K‡i, cyi“l 3 e¨vw³ 4 Gi g‡Zv K‡i Ges bvix 1
Kij K¨vg‡b ? Zviv wK R¡xb fy‡Zi ‡fv‡U cvm Ki‡Q ? mZ¨ fy‡j ‡M‡Qb ? A‡Üi ‡P‡qI ‡ewk AÜ, ‡evevi ‡P‡q gwnjv 1 Gi gZ K‡i K_v ej‡e| )
Avc‡biv wK ‡fvU `¨vb bvB ? ‡ewk ‡evev, Kvjvi ‡P‡q ‡ewk Kvjv| Kx n‡q‡Q Avcbv‡`i ? cyi“l 2 : GB g…Z cuPv Rxeb Avgiv PvB bv|
(Iiv PviRb ci®ú‡ii gyL PvIqv PvIwq K‡i) cyi“l 2 : Avgiv fyj K‡iwQ| AvMvQv cwi®‹vi bv Ki‡j cyi“l 1 : Avevi hy× Kigy| GBevi AvMvQv mvd Kivi hy×|
e¨vw³ 3 : Zvici a‡ib wMqv, kvwš— KwgwUi ‡jvK¸jvb‡i dmj g‡i hvq| cuPv A½ bv ‡dj‡j gvbyl g‡i hvq| ivRvKvi gy³ Kivi hy×|
‡fvU w`qv ‡Pqvig¨vb ‡g¤^vi evbvB‡Q K¨vWv? Avc‡biv bv ? Avgv‡`i mgv‡Ri ‡mB cuPv gvbyl¸‡jv‡K fvj gvby‡li `j cyi“l 3 : nv‡oi g‡a¨ ‡h Av¸b Av‡Q, ‡mB Av¸‡b cywo‡q
GBme nvjyqvi“wUi ‡jvfx ‡jvKRb‡i evi evi ‡fvU w`qv ‡_‡K ‡ei K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, bB‡j Zviv ‡MvUv mgvRUv‡K gvie I‡`i|
`¨vkUv‡i `yb©xwZ‡Z P¨vw¤úqb evbvB‡Q K¨vWv ? Avc‡biv bv ? cuwP‡q ‡dj‡e| bvix 1 : Avgiv fywjwb 52,71, 90| Avevi GK ‡fvU wec¬‡e
Avc‡biv wK ‡Kvbw`b mr‡jv‡K‡i ‡fvU w`‡Qb ? cvk e¨vw³ 1 : mvevk| Avcwb GB cÖR‡b¥i gyw³‡hv×v| Avgiv ‡f‡m hv‡e mKj av›`vevR, `yb©xwZevR I hy×vcivax| cÖwZwU
KivB‡Qb Zv‡Mv ? ‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb K‡iwQ, Avcbviv ‡`k‡K ivRvKvigy³ Ki“b| ‡fvU Avgv‡`i Rb¨ GKwU wec¬e| GB wec¬‡e gZvq Avm‡e
bvix 1 : Gme welq wb‡q ‡bZviv fve‡e| Avgiv ‡Zv mvaviY bB‡j G ‡`‡k kvwš—‡Z _vK‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Avw¯—‡bi mvc mr, Kg©V I ‡`k‡cÖwgK ‡bZv|
RbMY| Avcbv‡K ‡Qvej ‡`‡eB| cyi“l 2 : `yb©xwZevR, hy×vcivax fvB fvB, GK `wo‡Z dvuwm
e¨w³ 3 : GB ‡Zv fyj ej‡jb| ‡bZv evbv‡bvi hv`ygš¿ gwnjv 1 : ‡hw`b ‡`k ivRvKvigy³ n‡e, hy×vcivaxgy³ n‡e, PvB|
Avc‡bi nv‡Z| Avc‡bi ‡fvU Qvov ‡KD ‡bZv nBevi cvie ‡mw`b G‡`k cÖK…Z ¯^vaxb n‡e| ‡mw`b ‡_‡g hv‡e gvwUi cyi“l 1 : AvMvQvgy³ Rwg‡Z Avgiv ‡mvbvwj dmj djvgy|
bv| Avc‡bi ‡fvU Qvov ‡KD ‡Kvbw`b msm‡` em‡Z cvie Kvbœv, evsjv gv‡qi `xN©k¦vm| ‡mw`b ‡Zvgiv dy‡ji Wvwj wb‡q ‡Mvjv fBiv DVe myL Avi kvwš—‡Z|
bv| G‡mv, Avgiv nvZZvwj w`‡q ‡Zvgv‡`i ¯^vMZ Rvbve| dy‡j cyi“l 3 : GKwU ‡fvU wec¬‡ei Av¸‡b cy‡o ‡mvbvi gZ LvuwU
e¨vw³ 1 : GB me K_v Iiv Rv‡b| Gevi Avmj K_vUv dy‡j ‡Q‡q hv‡e GB cweÎ ¯§…wZ‡mŠa| n‡q DV‡e GB ‡`k|
e‡jb| bvix 1 : Avgiv K_v w`w”Q, ‡hw`b ‡`k hy×vcivax gy³ n‡e, bvix 1 : Avgv‡`i ‡fvU wec¬e AivRKZvi wei“‡×, `yb©xwZi
e¨vw³ 3 : Avmj K_v, Avmj K_v Avevi ‡KbWv ? GB ¯§…wZ‡mŠ‡a ‡mw`b dyj wb‡q Avme| ‡mB dyj n‡e kÖ×vi, wei“‡×, f vwgi wei“‡×, hy×vciv‡ai wei“‡×| G‡mv Avgiv
e¨vw³ 1 : Avmj K_v nj hZw`b ch©š— GB ‡`‡k GKUv m¤§v‡bi ; f vwgi bq| mevB GB wec¬‡e nv‡Z nvZ ivwL|
hy×vcivax _vK‡e, ZZw`b ch©š— Avgiv dyj ‡be bv| cyi“l 1 : AvR ‡_‡K ïi“ nj hy×vcivax‡`i weiƒ‡× hy×| (Iiv mevB nv‡Z nvZ iv‡L)
204
m~wPcÎ |
A a i
Awg ingvb wcqvj aymi ‡Mva~wj iw³g
ivwMe
Av b iv‡k`
Aveyj evnvi bvgnxb gvbe ivnv
Avwid ‡RewZK bv`vb wiqvR kv‡n`
Avn‡g` kvidyÏxb
c j
B cÖ‡PZ¨ jvBUnvDR
Bi‡ZRv ‡jLv‡RvKv kvgxg
†jLK ZvwjKv G
d
dinv` DwÏb ¯^cb
†jvKvjUK
K e m
Ky½ _vO wec¬e ingvb mv‡R`
mvgx wgqv`v`
R f wmnve ‡PŠayix
Rvgvj fv¯‹i fv¯‹i ‡PŠayix my-kvš—
S g n
S‡ov nvIqv gvneye ‡gvi‡k` nvmvb ‡gvi‡k`
gvneye mygb nvmvb wecyj
Z wgivR
Zxi›`vR ‡gnive kvnwiqvi
gyKyj
‡gv. ZvwiK gvngy`
214