3 D Deceit, Duplicity & Dissimulation of U.S. Foreign Policy Towards India, Pakistan & Afghanistan

© 2012 Arvind Goswami. All rights reserved

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.

Published by AuthorHouse 9/11/12

ISBN: 978-1-4772-5711-1 (sc)

ISBN: 978-1-4772-5710-4 (dj)

ISBN: 978-1-4772-5709-8 (e)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2012914412

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Author has made all the earnest efforts to quote all the sources very correctly and has tried to give them proper credit. However if there is any reference or quote which is not properly acknowledged ,it is an un intentional mistake and may please be ignored or pardoned.

To my parents and my wife Indu,

who supported all my whims & tantrums

Contents

About This Book

Chapter 1: Dress Rehearsal

Chapter 2: The Three Ds of US Foreign Policy

Chapter 3: Pakistan — Military, Mullah, Mosque

Chapter 4: The Kargil Conflict

Chapter 5: Action and Reaction

Chapter 6: BCCI: Bank of Crooks and Criminals International

Chapter 7: Nuclear Wal-Mart

Chapter 8: The US-India Connection

Chapter 9: The US Role in the Kashmir Crisis

Chapter 10: Obama’s Obstacles

Chapter 11: America in a Mess

ABOUT THIS BOOK

This book is an honest attempt towards a sincere project to present an objective analysis of U.S. foreign policy towards India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. These three nations have played very important role in the framing of the external policy of USA.

The failure to form consistent and cohesive foreign policy for this region has not only brought chaotic economic conditions for the people of this region but has brought the whole world on the brink of economic disorder and consequential disaster. This policy has created, encouraged and nourished fundamentalist and extreme Islamic terrorism and provided them with the breeding ground in many part of the world.

The book has very extensively quoted various congressional hearings and other publications that has provided conclusive evidences that the U.S. government and its various agencies and departments were the creator and sustainer of the Islamic terrorism. It was U.S. foreign policy to create Islamic extremism to fight Soviet invasion in Afghanistan.

U.S. state department never created and crafted a consistent foreign policy. There was total absence of futuristic vision which landed USA into South East Asia’s Vietnam and Korean crisis. Again the similar absence landed USA in the Middle East and Iraq- Iran crisis and now Afghanistan crisis. In order to quash the problem USA followed the enemy and while doing so showered every thing-finance, military hardware, modern warfare technology, training to manufacture and use them effectively and provided them with the know how to produce them.

It was the U.S. foreign policy which turned its eyes in other direction allowing Pakistan to go for Islamic nuclear bomb which has put the whole world on the brink of nuclear disaster.U.S. Congress, Pentagon, CIA and all other agencies were fully aware of the fact that Pakistan is the epic center of all Islamic extremism. It ignored the consequences of nuclear bomb falling in to hands of Islamic extremists. In order to solve the problem of Soviet invasion on Afghanistan USA ignored all the facts that the recipient country Pakistan in not only misusing it’s specific job funds for their own use and are creating a network of all those who have all the intentions to use those funds against them to destroy the values of USA. Those friendly nations which were fighting the enemy were in fact feeding those swore enemies of USA who were determined to destroy , dislodge and annihilate USA from the position of the western world super power. It going into the hands of extremist elements

Various U.S. departments made all out efforts to manipulate U.S. public opinion with a definite goal to optimize the lie as a national interest’ to mount an attack on Iraq to locate and destroy non- existent weapons of mass destruction. They mounted an attack on Afghanistan to hunt down Osama bin Laden who was actually housed in the safest place of Pakistan Abbot Abad area of capital Rawalpindi. This was done with the fullest knowledge of the highest authority of Pakistan whom US President Bush called an ally in the war against terrorism".

Historically it is established fact that USA can walk into any tense world situation to broker a solution. It can set up ‘a set of rules’ to follow in future to avoid the similar situation arising again in future. People of USA have failed to understand why the elected leaders of this great democratic country have many time opted in favored of the most undemocratic and autocratic dictators who have inflicted the most severe cruelty on its People

This book writer has made all honest efforts to present most objective analysis of various declassified government documents, research papers and various publications on this controversial issue. However because of his birth in India the authority in Pakistan is not likely to accept this as un-biased research publication.

JAI-HIND

GOD BLESS AMERICA

Chapter 1: Dress Rehearsal

The US State Department has never been in short supply of information about terrorists, their leaders, their locations, and the weapons that they use. What they lack is the information as to the actual people who will be involved in a direct act of terror, when they will mount an attack, how they will do it, and their final target.

The hijacking of Indian Airlines Flight IC-814, on its way from Kathmandu to Delhi on December 25, 1999, was a dress rehearsal for the attack on the World Trade Center. The Indian Airlines flight was hijacked en route, and the hijackers demanded the release of a Pakistani terrorist Maulana Masood Azhar who was jailed in Jammu. Maulana Masood Azhar was the founder member of Harkat-ul-Mujahideen, HUM, and was arrested for terrorist activity in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Indian Airline plane was first diverted to Amritsar, and then the hijacker wanted it to fly at Lahore. But when Pakistani authority refused the permission of landing, the plane was diverted to Dubai and landed at Al-Minhat Airbase in Dubai. After refueling, the plane headed to Kandahar. During the entire episode, the US State Department, in spite of its capability of cooperating, refused to take any action. The United States could have helped India in nabbing the perpetrator, who hijacked the plane, but due to some strange consideration, not only U.S.A. but even the United Kingdom refused any assistance during and after the hijacking drama..

From the beginning of hijacking, it was evident that the forces behind it were from Pakistan, and they could not have done this act without active support, co-operation and collaboration of the Pakistani government and more particularly ISI. Immediately after the hijacking, the Government of Pakistan’s media manager was busy in pointing out to the world that the hijacking of the IA Plane seems to be a part of New Delhi’s design to malign and isolate Islamabad after the change of Government in October. Pakistani President, Army General Pervez Musharraf, who had taken over the reign of Pakistan in a bloodless coup, criticized India for pointing an accusing finger at his country. Foreign Minister of Pakistan Abdus Sattar told the press that after the change of government in Pakistan that India made an effort to seek a suspension of Pakistan from the commonwealth and a postponement of SARC summit at Kathmandu, if Pakistan was to be represented by its army general, who had overthrown the democratically elected government.

In the hijacked plane, there was one American passenger, and his name was Jeanne Moore. The FBI did register a case and started investigation into the hijacking drama. The hijackers demanded the release of three other terrorists besides Maulana Masood Azhar, who was a leader of Pakistan-based terrorist outfit Harkat-ul-Mujahideen. (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid/39621). In order to end the incident of hijacking , the government of India agreed to release three militants in exchange for the hostaged passengers. India’s foreign minister Jaswant Singh took these three militants in a special aircraft to Kandahar, to ensure the release of the Indian passengers who were kept as hostage. India’s then Home Minister, L. K. Advani, made a categorical allegation of the involvement of Pakistan in this hijacking. Prime Minister Atal Vihari Bajpayee also made the same allegation and assured the world that he would produce evidence at an appropriate time to prove Pakistan’s involvement.

The three militants who were released later on surfaced in Pakistan. Similarly, all the hijackers also traveled to Pakistan from Kandahar. Even the Pakistani newspaper Dawn, international news agency Reuters, international broadcasting companies CNA and BBC, and other world media reporting this hijacking clearly indicated the involvement of Pakistan. In spite of all those reports, Pakistan foreign minister Abdu Sattar, as well as his spokespeople throughout the world, said that no one from their soil was involved and that the hijacking drama was staged by India itself. In spite of all those media reports about the involvement of a Pakistan terrorist group, the U.S. State Department refused to declare Pakistan a terrorist state like it had done in the cases of Iran, Libya, and Syria when their nationals were involved in hijacking of planes.

Indian Foreign Minister Jashwant Singh met the US ambassador in New Delhi, Mr. Richard Celeste, on January 6, 2000, and discussed with him Indo-US cooperation to combat terrorist activities. US Senator Tom Daschle headed a delegation to India; Daschle was a close friend of President Bill Clinton. This delegation included leading US Congressmen Garry Ackerman and Frank Pallone. This delegation issued a very strongly worded statement: The hijack formed part of a hegemonistic campaign by certain sections in Islamabad to dismember India. He further added, It is time the US send a clear message that the Administration will not tolerate terrorism of any variety or hue in any part of the world. But in spite of all this exercise, the US State Department thought that there was not enough evidence to take harsh action against Pakistan. This soft-cornered attitude toward Pakistan ultimately cost the United States billions of dollars and the lives of few hundred Americans, and it helped bring down its prestige as a world leader into ashes. The 9/11 attack was planned and executed from the soil of Pakistan—Pakistan nationals were involved. And the irony of the situation is that even after ten years, the United States and its administration, its president, and the CIA still think that Pakistan is the biggest ally in the war of terror. What an irony.

The people of the United States have suffered enough for the inept handling of the US relationship with Pakistan and al-Qaeda. Pakistan’s strategy of creating terrorists, sustaining them with financial support, and hiding its black side from the public eyes has created the present mess of the country. Whether it is a Democrat or Republican US president, there is a consistency of ignoring the long-term interests and consequences of assisting and collaborating with terrorists for a short-term gain.

Though never publicly acknowledged, the U.S. government must realize that it made a judgment error in the case of Indian Airlines plane hijacking. Maulana Masood, who along with two other militants was released in exchange for hostages, started making public speeches all over Pakistan against the United States and India. He called upon all Muslims not to rest in peace until we have destroyed America and India. He revealed his ambition of becoming global mashiyah and further called upon all Muslims to join jihad for the people of Kashmir, Bosnia and Chechnya. With those provocative anti-American statements, U.S. authorities, which so far has refused to accept circumstantial evidence that the hijacking plan of Indian Airlines plane was hatched and actively executed from Pakistan, that people involved in this were from Pakistan, and that those who were released were also from Pakistan, suddenly reacted very sharply at Maulana Masood’s anti-American statement. US State Department spokesman James Rubin made categorical statement that U.S. would hold Islamabad responsible for all his terrorist activities which threatens the lives of US and Indian citizens. He wanted Pakistan to arrest and prosecute Maulana Masood immediately. So far Pakistan has refused to comply with this request (http//:news.indiamart.com/news-analysis/India-for-declaration-6855.html). Britain also totally ignored and disregarded India’s circumstantial evidences of the hijacked plane. Releasing a statement about one of the terrorists who was freed from Indian prison in exchange for the hijack plane. Britain said that the hijacker had not been formally convicted by an Indian court, and that being the fact the hijacker will be free to visit the UK.

Like the United States and its state department, Britain also gave an indirect indication that they cared less about terrorist activities that did not directly harm them—a short-term and limited gain policy. This strategy has converted Britain into a fertile ground for the recruitment of terrorists. BBC World News has made so many broadcasts accusing the UK government and its spy agency MI-6 in giving assistance and even shelter to terrorists who are wanted in France, Germany, Spain, or Portugal. On July 8, 2002, in its world news series, BBC World News made an allegation that the British spy agency has provided a safe house and security to a senior al-Qaeda leader, Abu Quatada. Abu Quatada is a Jordanian-born Palestinian and, according to the report, was granted asylum in Britain in 1994 after fleeing from Jordan. Abu Quatada, who is also known as Sheikh Omar Abu Omar and Omar Mohammed Othman, has appeared on the United Nations’ list of suspected Islamic terrorists, which was issued after 9/11. BBC quoted the report published in Times Magazine and said that Mr. Quatada and his family are being lodged, fed and clothed by British Intelligence Services.As per the deal Abu Quatada is deprived of contacts with extremists in London but cannot be arrested or expelled because no one officially knows where he is. Time Magazine was quoted by BBC and said, The last thing they want is a hot potato they can extradite for fear of al-Qaeda’s reprisals but whose presence contradicts London’s support of the war on terror. However the BBC, quoting UK security sources, further announced that the British intelligence agency had absolutely no knowledge of Abu Quatada’s whereabouts.

Britain’s pick and choose attitude toward terrorists from Pakistan has converted so many young Britain-born Muslim into extremist sympathizers. On January 29, 2002, the chairman of Brixton Mosque, Abdul Haq Baker, claimed on BBC News that there could be as many as 1,000 extremist Muslims in the UK and 100 potential suicide bombers. Lots of water has flown in the river Thames,, and now foreign law enforcement agencies believe that Britain is acting as a breeding ground for extremists and sympathizers of Osama Bin Laden. Zacaria Moussaoui, who was prosecuted as the twentieth hijacker of 9/11, was a member of an al-Qaeda cell in London. Similarly, Richard Reid, who tried to blow up a Trans-Atlantic flight with explosives hidden in his shoes, was also a British national. Investigation from the United States, Spain, Germany, and France have come to a conclusion that most of the al-Qaeda sympathizers have been influenced by Abu Quatada, who is in Britain.

Banks of Crooks and Criminals

US Congress initiated a probe to investigate the functioning of the bank industry in the United States. Senator Joe Biden, who is now the vice president under Obama, was the chairman of the committee that came up with so much information and exposed a giant conspiracy between the banks and drug dealers. Even a 1986 investigation of the bank’s role in laundering money was not taken seriously by the government, and no criminal charges were ever filed. Most of the big banks like Bank of America, Chase Manhattan, First Boston Corporation, and others paid civil penalties in millions of dollars, but they were never charged for money laundering. Bank of America failed to report billions of dollars of cash transactions but was fined for only $4.57 billion without any criminal charges. Similarly, Citi Bank reported about seventeen thousand large cash transactions, and no charges were filed against it. Bankers the world over knew the weakness of American banking regulation, and a small -time banker from Pakistan took the fullest advantage of it.

The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI), founded by Aga Hassan Abidi in 1972, created a unique, criminally structure bank. When this bank failed, it was one of the largest bank failures in history. BCCI and its officials evolved a very simple mechanism of helping concerned officials, and even prime ministers and presidents around the world were involved in this naked and direct quid pro quo. BCCI contributed in a campaign for General Zia in Pakistan and Carlos Periz in Venezuela. US Ambassador to the United Nations Andrew Young of Atlanta, Bert Lance, and Jesse Jackson were all paid for all their expenses by BCCI. BCCI also made some financial contribution for the charity funds of then President Jimmy Carter. Once the bank failed, the investigators in the United States and the United Kingdom revealed that BCCI had been known as Bank of Croocks and Criminals – was the favourite bank of dictators, drug dealers and arms merchants, all of whom sought the shelter of financial institution where no questions were asked, no accounts refused. Associated with names both famous and infamouse-including former President Jimmy Cartern, Indira Gandhi, the CIA, Manual Noriega, Al Fatah terrorist Abu Nidal, former Secretary of State Clark Clifford, and the royal families of the Middle East- BCCI powered the flow of the hot and hidden money around the globe. BCCI was set up deliberately to avoid centralized regulatory review, and operated extensively in bank secrecy jurisdiction. Its affairs were extra ordinarily complex. Its apparent objective was to keep their affairs secret, to commit fraud at massive scale, and to avoid detection. ( Back cover page of the book-A FULL SERVICE BANK which has very extensively disclosed how BCCI stole billions aroun the world. Book is authored by James Bing Adams & Douglas Frantz, published by Pocket Books, a division of Simmon & Schuster Inc.1239 Avenue of the American, New York, London, Torronto,Sydney, Tokyo, Singapore, )

After the closing of the bank, BCCI creditors filed a suit against the Bank of England for its failure as a regulatory body. After nine years of struggle, the Bank of England was exonerated, and the creditors did not achieve their objectives. Whenever the US government wanted to handle the money or their detector friends—such as Saddam Hussein and Manuel Noriega, as well as Hussain Mohammad Irashad of Bangladesh, Medellin Cartel, and Abu Nidal—it was BCCI who handled the entire transaction. Former US Commissioner of Customs William Woan Raab Oliver North used their multiple accounts at BCCI, which were used for a variety of illegal covert operations, including the transfer of money and weapons related to the Iran-Contra scandal. It may be noted here that the bank was operated by George H. W. Bush’s younger son, Jeb Bush, who was in a commanding position, as well as Bill Clinton’s Chinese family owned First National Bank of Mina, Arkansas, which were all closely connected with money laundering as well as supply of arms for Iran-Contra.

BCCI affairs were very closely examined by the committee on foreign relations of the US Senate, and Senator John Kerry and Senator Hank Brown presented the report. In fact during this investigation the senators found that so many of the governmental agencies would not come up with the details of so many other scandals. Senate and the Congress thought of some device to thwart this, and that was the beginning of the Public Intent Disclosure Act (PIDA) in 1998.

In 1992 the British government also set up an independent inquiry commission, under the Chairmanship of Lord Justice Bingham, to investigate the functioning of BCCI. The commission submitted their reports to House of Commons in October 1992. The US Senate report and the British government report revealed an enormous amount of information about how BCCI developed a well-thought-out plan to infiltrate the US market, and they also detailed how the officials of US bank regulatory agencies; well-connected Senators; former Federal Bank regulators; and some former local, state, and federal legislators, wittingly or otherwise, provided very essential assistance to BCCI at the critical movements of its beginning in the United States. The Senate report gave so many details about the unwillingness of the Justice Department, along with US Customs Service and the Treasury Department, to provide adequate support and assistance to investigators to prosecute working of BCCI. In fact at one time, the US Justice Department lobbied the state regulators to keep BCCI floating for some time.

The most intriguing part of BCCI’s activity, aside from its relationship with the CIA, is very well documented by the Senate Inquiry Committee. CIA Director Richard Helms and former and current foreign intelligence officials were fully aware of the activities of BCCI. BCCI began its surreptitious takeover of the First American bank when Jimmy Carter was president. BCCI established a very close relationship with friends and those who were close to President Carter. The former director of the Office of Management and Budget, Bertram Lance, was the first one to be approached. Andrew Young, who was the mayor of Atlanta and then the US ambassador to the United Nations, also helped BCCI immensely during its initial period.

In the entire BCCI affairs, the most mysterious and yet more central player is the London- and Chicago-based commodity future trading firm, Capcom. According to the reports of the Senate Foreign Committee, Capcom moved billions of dollars, which passed through Future’s market in a largely anonymous fashion. It was noted by the committee that the Saudi financiers pursued different goals through Capcom, including laundering billions of dollars from the Middle East to the United States and other parts of the world. The committee also noted that Capcom was siphoning assets from BCCI to create a safe haven for them outside the BCCI empire.

Though Jimmy Carter never personally benefited from BCCI, he provided tremendous credibility to BCCI in the Third World. The CIA was fully aware of the BCCI and its activity, but it never briefed President Carter about it. After leaving the White House, Jimmy Carter devoted much of his time to helping the Third World in fighting diseases like polio, measles, tetanus, and diarrheal diseases. Jimmy Carter traveled several thousand miles together with BCCI Chairman Abidi in the BCCI corporate jet. They visited several countries, and Abidi used to boast publicly that he had been to every country—all the top politicians and heads of states were my friends. Former Prime Minister of Britain Mr. Callahan claimed that in 1981, former US President Jimmy Carter introduced him to Abidi at a charity dinner for the Cambridge Commonwealth Trust in London. Jimmy Carter’s Global 2000 program started with the donation of eight million dollars from Abidi, who was made head of this program. Less than one month after establishing the center in Atlanta, the former president traveled to Pakistan, Bangladesh, Surinam, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in 1986. In 1987, Carter and Abidi traveled together, and in Bangkok they met with the king of Thailand. From there they went to Hong Kong, and on their way back they went to China, where BCCI Chairman Abidi attended a state dinner with the Chinese leaders. President Carter has acknowledged that his travel with Abidi helped the BCCI to develop its banking business in those countries. ‘Abedi was not stranger to Chinese officials. Carter offered him a higher level of exposure. At a banquate in Beijing on June 28 , Chinese Foreign Minister Wu Xuequan praised Carter for his contribution to Sino American relations and expressed his thanks to Abedi and his wife for their interest in China’s economic understanding.Accompanying the Carters and Abedi on the trip to Bengladesh in 1986 was Andrew Young, the Mayor of Atlanta and a former United Staes representative to the united Nations. Like his friend Carter, Young has also formed a close business and personal relationship with Abedi during the 1980’s."( How BCCI stole billions around the world-A Full Service Bank James Ring Adams and Douglas Feantz, Pocket Books, A division of Simon & Schuster, 1230, Avenueof America, New York, 1992 ISBN 72911-X page 166.)

The functioning of BCCI helped Pakistan in acquiring nuclear capabilities, and this fact is also noted by the Senate Committee (Scandals: Not Just a Bank, Time Magazine Sept 2, 1991). The Pakistan government and its various agencies took advantage of the BCCI’s unique structure, siphoning the money that they received from CIA for its nuclear program. In fact when BCCI opened its branch in China, the Chinese stopped accepting cash from Pakistan. There would be no more suitcases full of cash delivered by high-ranking Pakistani officials or ISI agents. China wanted a trustworthy and transparent line of credit at this time, and BCCI came to the rescue of Pakistan’s nuclear program. The FBI revealed this fact to the Foreign Committee Investigation of BCCI. There are details of how CIA money, in cash, was handed over to General Akhtar Abadus Rehman, ISA Chief of Afghan Cell, and the same cash would be in the BCCI banks. From there it was directed to A. Q. Khan, father of Islamic Bomb, without raising any suspicion. As far as Congressional money went, a raft of charities, educational set ups and health groups were named as legitimate beneficiaries turn out to be covers, run by the Military that skillfully drain, laundered and redirected the cash to the nuclear funds (Deception: Pakistan, the United States and the Secret Trade in Nuclear Weapons by Adrian Lavy and Catherine Scott-Clark, Walker & Company, New York,2007, page 258).

The CIA was fully aware of Pakistan’s nuclear activities. When the FBI informed the CIA that some Pakistani agents were trying to purchase very important components for the enrichment of uranium to turn it into weapons grade, with more than double the price in gold, the CIA simply turned its eyes away from this transaction, which was mainly undertaken by BCCI. At the same time, European intelligence consistently sent those details directly to President Regan, who at that time chose to ignore BCCI’s activities in helping Pakistan to develop its nuclear capability.

At that time, Robert Gate, who is now the Defense Secretary of the Obama administration, was Deputy Director of the CIA. All his efforts to stop CIA’s money from being defrauded were not getting the attention by then CIA Director Bill Casey. When he failed with his director, he called Congressman Stephen Solarz at the Capitol Hill. There was this flickering suspicion that the Pakistanis were defrauding us, but whenever I asked I was told by the administration, if this had come out there would have been hell to pay (Deception, Pakistan, The united States, and the secret trade in nuclar weapons by Adrian Levy & Catherine Scott- Clark, Walker & Compnay, New York page no 128).

The father of Islamic Bomb, A. Q. Khan required a good number of technicians, and again BCCI came to the rescue. Gulam Isaq Khan Institute of Engineering Science and Technology was established with the charitable donation of ten million US dollars from BCCI.

Thus, the Taliban was created and sustained by the United States. Similarly, the entire nuclear program was under the full knowledge and protection of the CIA and also partly funded by the finances generated through drug trafficking. The Taliban has posed a grave danger to the United States, but the nuclear capability that was developed is now a threat to America’s existence. Warren Buffett, the most philanthropic US billionaire, described nuclear terrorist attack as the ultimate depressing thing. It will happen. It’s inevitable. I do not see any way that it won’t happen ( Article by Andi Serwer, titled Oracle of Everything, published in Fortune, 11 November 2002). It was Reagan and his administration that allowed Pakistan to have nuclear capabilities. A. Q. Khan, under the instructions of Zia, once claimed that the CIA, who want Islamabad, and India had finally snapped and was planning a pre-emptive military strike against Kahuta (Deception, Pakistan, The United Staes and the secret trade in nuclear weapons by Adrian Levy & Catherine Scott-Clark published by Walker & Company, New York, 2007,page no 103).

BCCI’s affairs were probed by the US Congress and Senate. Senator John Kerry and Hank Brown presented the report and made a categorical note that many investigate leads remains to be explored, but cannot be answered with devoting substantial additional sources that today no agency of government has been in a position to provide (http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/1992/rpt-bcci).

According to the report, the most nagging and an unanswered question is the alleged relationship between BCCI and the director of CIA, William Casey, as well as BCCI’s involvement in Pakistan’s clandestine nuclear program. It is a known fact that Libya’s dictator, Gaddafi, was one of the main financial sources for Pakistan’s nuclear program. It is interesting to know that Gaddafi was the account holder with BCCI, and millions of dollars were transferred in and out of his account by BCCI. China was another source that provided financial as well as technical assistance to Pakistan for its missiles programs. BCCI’s chief, Abidi, had established a personal relationship with China’s communist party president, as well as the Prime Minister of China, when he visited China with former US President Jimmy Carter. BCCI was the first international bank to open a branch in one of the economic development zones started by the communist government and many of the Chinese banks deposited billions of dollars with BCCI. The Foreign Relation Committee wanted government to further probe into BCCI connections with Chinese banks, and Libya’s connection with Pakistan’s nuclear program, to see how deeply BCCI was involved in those shady billings.

The committee took very seriously the nonco-operative attitude of the government of Abu Dhabi and its dealing with BCCI. It’s a known fact that a few decades before, Abu Dhabi was the main center of all illegal trade and was a smuggler’s paradise. The smuggling activities in this part of the world generated billions of dollars, and a good part of those were laundered into the United States with the intricate web created by BCCI. Abu Dhabi’s withholding of documents and witnesses from US investigators threatens US foreign policy, anti-narcotics, and money laundering, and still the US government done nothing about it. It is an open secret that even today, Abu Dhabi still maintains its dubious status as a paradise for money laundering.

In the list of the unanswered question, the committee noted the role of Hinduja’s family in India and their links with BCCI. The committee wanted it to be further probed. There was an another India-born Iranian arms dealer, Ban Banerjee, whose company, BR & W Industries, registered in London, prominently figured in the report by Kerry and Hank. The committee failed to find out the relationships of business transactions with Ban Banerjee and then CIA Director William Casey. The report revealed that Ban Banerjee and his company fabricated export and import documents with the help of BCCI and then exported some arms to countries unfriendly toward the United States. The report said Ban Banerjee’s company illegally exported all brand new and in original packing 1250 units of BCM 71-A TOW Missiles manufactured in USA. BCCI fabricated the documents, and the missiles were sent out of the United States as lift trucks. Another Indian whose name is very frequently mentioned in the report is Dr. P. S. Prasad, who was BCCI’s largest individual borrower in USA. http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/1992-rpt retrived on 2th March 2011)When the bank collapsed, there was thirty million dollars outstanding in the name of Dr. Prasad. The report had made very exhaustive findings about Dr. P. S. Prasad, who at one time owned and operated a construction company, McDowell, which he finally merged with his publicly traded pharmaceutical company, Max Pharma. This company manufactured generic, over-the–counter, and other prescription drugs that normally used high doses of opium and heroin for medical purpose. Max Pharma was delisted from the American Stock Exchange. Dr Prasad was operating from Georgia, Jimmy Carter’s state, and was very close with Carter’s budget chief. When the pressure from the government investigating agencies increased, Dr Prasad fled the United States, and according to the latest report, he died in India.

Ban Banerjee and Iranian arms dealer were very close with another Iranian arm dealer, Adnan Khasoji. Khasoji’s name figured very prominently when India purchased Swedish-made Bofors tanks. The names of Rajiv Gandhi and Adnan Khasoji were frequently repeated by the opposition parties in both the houses of Indian Parliament. The US State Department had some preliminary details of those transactions. The Bofors kick back money in millions of dollars is an unending drama in the political arena of India. After the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, P. V. Narsinha Rao became the prime minister, and Madhavsinh Solanki was the foreign minister. During his US visit, India’s foreign minister Solanki obtained details of the Bofors kickback from the US State Department. Details of the Bofors kickback are still classified, and it is still not clear who has declared those documents as classified. All the efforts of this writer to get some kind of an answer to this question from Mr. Solanki have not had any results, in spite of the fact that the writer at one time was a Officer On Special Duty (OSD) to Mr. Solanki when he was the Chief Minister of the state of Gujarat.

The Kerry and Brown report made about twelve recommendations to US government in order to protect U.S. and other international financial institutions from future fraud as well as money laundering. The report was made public by 1992, and so far very few steps have been taken by the US administration toward improving the functioning of its financial regulatory agencies. Of course, America is paying the price for its inaction to implement the recommendation of the committee. The failure to take decision has forced the economic superpower into the worst financial crisis since the depression of 1933.

The Al-Rajhi family of Saudi Arabia is very well-known and controls Al-Rajhi Banking Investment Corporation (ARBIC); according to an artcle in Forbes Magazine about the worlds richest people , the family leader, Suleiman Bi-Abdul al-Rajhi, is the 192nd richest man in the world, with an estimated net worth of $2.1 billion. The Wall Street Journal, in both of its editions in UK and US has published numerous articles alleging misappropriation of the banking funds for the cause of helping militant Islamic groups. Wall Street Journal is presently facing defamation suits against it. In the affidavit in the Virginia court by one of the FBI agents who investigated the affairs of the ARBIC, has catagotically mentined about the financial and ideological relations between them, which helped militant Muslims through charitable organization and created more than one layer of transactions in order to avoid any kind of investigations as well as to wipe out the track that goes up to militant organizations.

The role of ARBIC in establishing the Islamic Study Center at the University in Florida was also probed. This Islamic Study Center is providing training to Muslim clergies for the US military. It may be noted that multiple clerics trained at this center were the subject of interrogation and indictment for their act of supporting and propagating terrorist activities, and more particularly Jihad and hatred against US Jews and Indian interests.

Pakistan-based Laskare-i-Taliba (LiT) is declared a global terrorist organization. Similarly, Pakistan-based Falah-i Insaniat Foundation (FIF) has closed connection with LiT as well as other militant Islamist groups, which are opposed to US interests. On the eve of the second anniversary of the Mumbai Attack, the US government declared FIF as the organization extending financial help to various militant groups in Pakistan. The US government further declared FIF an illegal organization, and any help for them will be considered an act of helping and cooperating with a terrorist organization. FIF has helped LiT, which mounted numerous attacks in India and is responsible for the horrific November 2008 Mumbai Attack, which claimed 166 lives. LiT has close associations with Osama Bin Laden, and the CIA considers it one of the most favorable groups for boys from Aabbapara, a description of ISI by most of the Pakistani.

Chapter 2: The Three Ds of US Foreign Policy

Afghanistan

With narrow mountain passes and river valleys, the bulk of Afghanistan land consists of various ranges without much vegetation. Rugged territory has provided an excellent defense, though Afghanistan passes has witnessed the armies of Persian Greeks, Maurians, Huns, and Mongols. Historically, all those great and famous warriors have easily invaded this land and moved into it, but they have failed to hold it for a long time. The US foreign department, as well as its research and planning division, is fully aware of the fact that in Afghanistan for the last several centuries, nobody has held it for a long time. Geographical conditions of Afghanistan have never witnessed a single central governing body. There are so many tribes with individual rules and unwritten regulation—the Uzbeks, Tajiks, and Turkmen on the north side of the Hindu Kush Mountain, as well as the Hazaras, have constantly fought against the Pastoons of the south. A friend of any group is considered the enemy by the others, and there is no permanent peace between them.

Afghans at one time were considered one of the last tribes of Israel. Some archeologists have a theory that Afghanistan was the area of the Dravidian people, but Iranians pushed them away further south. The Persian empire, which dated back to the beginning of recorded history, was followed by the Greek empire and then the Roman Empire.

Huns, Mongols, and Mughals have invaded India through Afghanistan. Babar invaded India and established the Mughal Empire, but his son, Humayun, couldn’t control his Afghan forces; the very ambitious Afghan soldier Sher Shah Suri staged a coup. The Afghan Coalition ruled Delhi for around sixteen years. Afghani armies consisted of various tribes and never remained united for a very long time. Sher Shah Suri tried to rule India with the help of various Afghan tribes, but very soon the quality of leadership among the various tribes came up with pretty personal differences, and this enabled the Mughals to reestablish their dynasty in India. Akbar knew the weakness of the Afghan tribe, and he built a road all the way up to Kabul through the Khaibar pass.

Nadirshah was another Afghan tribe and Safadids warrior who invaded India and acted mercilessly with vengeance, killing so many people. Even today in India, Nadirshahi is a common word used for acts of autocratic atrocities. On his way back, Nadirshah took with him the famous Peacock throne and the Kohinoor diamond from India, which are now the property of the British royal family. The relevance of these historical facts is that for several centuries, Afghanistan and its tribes were never ruled by any outside force, opposing the rule of even their own rival tribes. Mughal could not do it, the Persians have failed, and the British tried to rule them but they also failed. Soviet Russia invaded Afghanistan and were driven out within ten years, though with the help of American arms, as well as other logistical assistance from Islamic countries.

Now it’s the turn of the United States. During the Soviet occupation, United States influenced various tribes, but with the withdrawal of Soviet forces, those tribes came together to ensure that American influence didn’t spread in that part of the world. The US state department has underlined one fact in its documents that nomad Afghan tribes will unit under a strong leadership to achieve a specific goal, but with the exit of the strong leadership as well as achieving the goal, the whole edifice will collapse like a castle of cards. Afghanistan has three major geographical factors on its side. It’s difficult and inaccessible terrain gives the local tribes the capability to maintain their supremacy. The most importance factor is that most of the Afghan tribes were ravaged by many invasions, and that kept their warrior mentality ever present. Due to economic underdevelopment, Afghan tribes become more and more ferocious, ruthless, and overprotective of their area and people.

British historians have documented various incidents of British retreat in Afghanistan, which dates back from January 1842 and was the worst one: hundreds of British troops were mercilessly murdered during the retreat of the British from Kabul to Jalalabad. One British soldier’s diary said, I wish they have shot me dead; instead they poked their swords in the soldiers’ body. They will inflict cuts on the body but will not kill. It’s not a war, it’s a brutal murder.

Historically Britain has always tried to keep Russia away from the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea. It even entered into an unimaginable alliance with the French army to support the Ottoman empire. The objective was simple: to keep away the most dangerous threat to the world’s stability, which was posed by the Russians, they had to prevent Turkish control of the Mediterranean Sea. This was the situation in 1850, over 160 years ago, and that was the same situation in 1980 when, along with Saudi Arabia and other Islamic nations, the British decided to keep away Soviet Russia from the Gulf of Persia, a very important oil-producing area. Around 1850 the British monarchy wanted to protect its opium trade, which originated from Afghanistan. After 160 years the United States wants to protect and expand its oil industry in this area.

India, Pakistan, and the United States

When the British monarchy declared independence for India and Pakistan in 1947, Harry Truman was the president after succeeding Franklin Roosevelt in 1945. The tension between the United States and Soviet Russia was at its peak. President Truman wanted to contain the expansion of Soviet territory at any cost, and during his presidency NATO was created to support Turkey and Greece with the budget of four hundred million dollars. It was Truman who created the CIA. In 1950 the Korean War broke out, and General MacArthur wanted to use nuclear weapons against China, openly criticizing President Truman’s policy in Korea. Ultimately this clash forced the president to oust MacArthur. This war resulted in the deaths of about fifty thousand American soldiers.

When Ike became president, Richard Nixon was his vice president, and Foster Dullas was secretary of state. All of them were totally opposed to the Soviet Union, and during Ike’s regime the Cold War between the United States and Russia reached its peak. John F. Kennedy became the president, and the powerful CIA did not allow him to use his conciliatory approach toward Soviet Russia. The tension between both nations kept increasing and resulted in the construction of the Berlin Wall. In 1961 JFK committed a tactical mistake by using the CIA against Fiddle Castro.

George Kennan was a State Department analyst during the presidency of Harry Truman, and his idea of containing communism developed into the single most important aspect of America’s foreign policy till the collapse of the USSR in 1991. George Kennan’s containment doctrine was interpreted differently by different presidents, and each one employed different tactics to accomplish their goals. The extensive research work done by the Congress Research Services has proved that all of them tried to have their own mark on the approaches, but the fact of the matter remains that all of them originated from the theory of containment of communism. Critics have charged Truman of unnecessarily creating the policy of containing communism. In retrospect they say Truman could have arrived at a better result through diplomatic solutions instead of adopting policies of containing it. Harry Truman’s Marshal Plan of ten billion dollars built Britain, Germany, France, and Italy and brought stability into this area as well as prosperity for the general US public. The National Security Council’s memorandum number 68, which is known as NSC 68, was the landmark in the US foreign policy. But again a U-2 spy plane defeated the proposed summit meeting between Soviet Russia, the United States, Great Britain, France, and Germany in May 1960.

President Truman ignored his foreign policy advisor’s advice and recognized Israel in 1948. This gave the United States a foothold in the Middle East but ruined its relationships with Arabs and Muslims throughout world.

Truman’s election as president was also controversial. After the death of Roosevelt in 1945, the Democrats wanted Dwight D. Eisenhower to be its presidential candidate, but Eisenhower refused. Harry Truman was the only alternate, but he was not liked by Democrats from the Southern states like North Carolina, South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. His views on labor, civil rights, and other reforms were unacceptable to the Southern Democrats. South states had their own candidate for the presidency: Republican-nominated New York Governor Thomas Dewey. There was so much uncertainty about the result that even democrat candidate Truman was not sure about his own victory. The Chicago Tribune printed an early version of the election result with the infamous headline, Dewey Defeats Truman, but in the final tally Truman received more than two million popular votes.

In US history, the time after 1945 was very important. With the fall of China, one-fourth of the world’s population was