All About: The Incredible Indus Valley
By P S Quick
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About this ebook
The ‘All About’ series is an educational collection of books by P S Quick, and is targeted to interest 7 to 11 year olds - but will fascinate readers of all ages. At the end of each book there is a quiz section for the reader, featuring 150 questions and answers.
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Book preview
All About - P S Quick
Title Page
All About...
The Incredible Indus Valley
P S Quick
Publisher Information
Published in 2015 by
Andrews UK Limited
www.andrewsuk.com
The right of P S Quick to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1998
Copyright © 2015 P S Quick
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher, nor be otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Any person who does so may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
Photo Credits:
Small Figurines from the Indus Valley courtesy of Trish Mayo
Great Bath of Mohenjo-daro courtesy of Comrogues
Introduction
This book, filled with amazing facts and photographs, describes what life was like for people living in the ancient Indus Valley. It gives an in-depth account of all aspects of the life and people of the time, providing examples of their incredible skills and organisation - including their cities, industry, trade, science, technology, engineering and all aspects of everyday life.
The All About series is an educational collection of books by P S Quick, and is targeted to interest 7 to 11 year olds - but will fascinate readers of all ages. At the end of each book there is a quiz section for the reader, featuring 150 questions and answers.
The Incredible Indus Valley
The Indus Valley civilization, also known as the Harappan civilization, began about five thousand years ago and lasted for over a thousand years. Some modern historians also refer to it as the Sindhu Sarasvati civilization. This is because in recent times many more settlements have been discovered along the dry bed of the Ghaggar River, which is now recognised as being the ancient Sarasvati River, than along the Indus River.
It was not only one of the earliest world civilizations such as those of Egypt, Mesopotamia and China but also the biggest covering the area that is now Pakistan and western India today. It is famous for its large and well-planned cities that were laid out on a grid system of roads. It is believed that these cities were not independent but connected with each other by their activities.
Sadly it is the civilization that we know least about because although the Indus script has been found on many artefacts it has not yet been deciphered correctly. However, more is being found out every year by archaeologists who use carbon dating and other modern technology to date artefacts and carry out field studies in areas of interest. Aerial photographs have also been taken and satellite imaging has enabled us to see such things as the ancient trade routes.
Geography of the Indus Valley
The River Indus played an important part in the development of the Harappan civilization. The Indus is the longest river in Pakistan travelling over three thousand kilometres from its source in the Himalayas until it flows into the Arabian Sea.
Melting glaciers and natural springs flow down the mountains and into the river picking up the fertile silt from the ground over which it passes. Every year the river would flood so that when the waters went down a large area would be covered with a layer of fertile soil.
The first people to visit the area around five thousand years ago were nomads. On the large floodplain of the Indus they found a rich fertile soil where they could grow their food. They began to settle and farm instead of living a life as hunter gatherers.
The mountains and the Arabian Sea provided shelter from attack and disease. The river provided a water supply for drinking, washing and irrigation and also a way to transport their goods. The forests provided fuel and the resources to build boats. Soon settlements began to grow up along the banks