SPANISHCURRENTPOLITICALSYSTEM

1.TheconstitutionalprocessintheEstadoespaol 2.CharacteristicsoftheSpanishautonomicState 3.GeneralprinciplesoftheautonomicState 4.Waysofaccesstotheautonomy 5.TypesofComunidadesAutnomas

TheconstitutionalprocessintheEstadoespaol ThefirstphaseofterritorialreorganisationoftheSpanishStatecoincideswiththe
periodofthetransicinpolticaandtheconstitutionalone. Thisprocessofpoliticaldecentralizationfinishedwiththeconformationofthe ComunidadesAutnomas,whichstartedwiththeRealDecretoLey4/1977,of 29thseptember,throughwichtheGeneralidaddeCataluawasreestablished.

TheconstitutionalprocessintheEstadoautonmico
MostimportantcontributionoftheConstitutionof1978 Finishedofthecentralizatedandunitarymodel SolutiontotheoneofthemainhistoricalproblemsofSpain:theregionalism: Constitutionof1812(Territorialandadministrativeunification.Onelaw forthewholeState) IRepublic Constitutionof1876 IIRepublic Franquistdictatorship

Deffinitivemodel

EntesPreautonmicosandreestablishmentoftheAutonomaswith historicalnature: Catalua(29thseptember1977) PasVasco(4thjanuary1978) Galicia(16thmarch1978) Aragn,Canarias,PasValenciano,Andaluca,Baleares,Extremadura, CastillaLen,Asturias,Murcia,CastillaLaMancha(6months) *PasVascoandCataluaobtainedtheirEstatutosdeautonomain1979. *GaliciaandAndalucawereconstituitedinCAin1981.

Differentoptions:

A.Recognaizethedifferences(hechosdiferenciales)ofseveralregionsof theStatewithhistorical,culturalandlinguisticscriteriaasintheIInd Republic B.Realignthewholeterritory,withoutconsiderthedifferences(hechos diferenciales) C.RecognaizethedecentralizationoftheState,butwithoutafixmodel Despitethedifferentationcontainedintheart.2CEbetweennacionalidadesand regiones,thefirstoptionwasnotcontemplated DEFFINITIVEMODEL ComposedState,becauseitallowsthemostimportantdecentralizationwiththe recognaisementoftheComunidadesAutnomas,whomhaveimportant legislativeandejecutiveatributions

CaracterizationandprinciplesoftheAutonomicState
1.Tt.VIII(arts.137158):DelaorganizacinterritorialdelEstado 2.TwolevelsofAutonomy: a)Specialones:CC.AAwhichobtainedtheautonomywiththeart.151CE (Catalua,PasVasco,Galicia,Andaluca,Navarra)orart.150CE(Valencia,Canarias). b)Ordinaryones:Theother11CC.AA.,exceptCeutaandMelilla.

CharacteristicsoftheSpanishautonomicState
1.Voluntaryprocess: SpanishStateunfinished TheSC/78,contrarytotheProyectofConstitutionoftheIstRepublic (FederalState)andtheConstitutionof1931(IntegralState),donot stablishaconcrettypeofdecentralizatedstate,ifnotaprocessof slowconstruction,whichisstillworking TheSC/78saysthattheautonomyisvoluntary,notcompulsory,and theinitiativeisintheelementsrecognaizedfortheConstituttion(STC 16/1984). Notemporarylimits,exceptthecasesstablishedinthepreviionsof theDT7,arts.143.3y148.2CE.

2.RelationsbetweenComunidadesAutnomas TheydonotrelatebetweenthemorwiththeStateunderprinciplesofhierarchy andsubordination,ifnotwiththeindependence,coordinationandcompetence ones STC32/1981:()noseajustaalprincipiodeautonomalaprevisindecontroles genricoseindeterminadosqueimpliquendependenciajerrquicadelas ComunidadesAutnomas,respectodelaAdministracindelEstado.

Waysofaccesstotheautonomy
Territorieswhomcanobtaintheautonomy: Neighbouringprovinceswithhistoricalandeconomiccommon characteristics(art.143.1CE):Catalua,PasVasco,Galicia,Andaluca Insularterritories(art.143.1CE):BalearesandCanarias Provinceswithregionalhistoricentity(art.143.1CE):Asturias,La Rioja,CantabriaandMurcia. Territorieswichdonotsurpasstheautonomicalfield(art.144a): Madrid. Territoriesnotintegratedinaprovincialorganization(art.144bCE). Navarra(DT4) CeutaandMelilla(DT5)Leyesorgnicas1y2/1995,asciudades Autnomas

Waysofaccess(II)
Slowway FastWay Supposedprivileged

Mostofthemusedtheslowway:Asturias,Aragn,Cantabria,La Rioja,Murcia,CastillaLaMancha,ComunidadValenciana,Canarias, Extremadura,IslasBaleares,CastillaLenandMadrid

TypesofComunidadesAutnomas
CC.AA.Privilegedordergimenpleno CC.AA.ofFirstDegree CC.AA.ofSecondDegreeordergimenmnimo *Noobstante,enEspaatodaslasCC.AA.puedenoptaraunsemejantetecho competencial,loquevaraeselprocesodeasuncindedichascompetencias

Privilegedones
TheyaretheComunidadeshistricasornacionalidadesoftheart.2: Catalua,PasVascoyGalicia. TheDT2recognizedthemthergimenespecial:Losterritoriosqueenel pasadohubiesenplebiscitadoafirmativamenteproyectosdeEstatutode autonomaycuenten,altiempodepromulgarseestaConstitucin,con regmenesprovisionalesdeautonomapodrnprocederinmediatamenteen laformaqueseprevenelapartado2delartculo148,cuandoaslo acordaren,pormayoraabsoluta,susrganospreautonmicoscolegiados superiores,comunicndoloalGobierno.ElproyectodeEstatutoser elaboradodeacuerdoconloestablecidoenelartculo151,nmero2,a convocatoriadelrganocolegiadopreautonmico. Theycanassumethemximocompetencialfromthefirstmoment(art. 148.2CE+DT2).

PoliticalParties(1977)