Condicionales

0. ZERO CONDITIONAL

IF/ WHEN + PRESENT SIMPLE, PRESENT SIMPLE/

IMPERATIVE
OR PRESENT SIMPLE/ IMPERATIVE, IF/ WHEN + PRESENT
SIMPLE

- Para referirnos a un evento o situación que es siempre verdad.

Ej. If I spend too long watching TV, I get a headache.
- Para dar órdenes. En este caso usamos el imperativo. Ej. If you
see rubish, pick it up!

1. FIRST CONDITIONAL

IF/ UNLESS + PRESENT SIMPLE, WILL + INFINITIVE

OR WILL + INFINITIVE, IF/ UNLESS + PRESENT SIMPLE

- Para hablar de una acción posible o probable en acciones o

situaciones futuras. Ej. If rich countries don’t share their wealth,
the woeld’s problems will get worse.
- Para hacer promesas y hacer advertencias. Ej. If you forget my
birthday, I will never speak to you again!

- Se puede utilizar también MIGHT (en lugar de will) si aún

dándose la condición no es algo muy seguro.

2. SECOND CONDITIONAL

IF + PAST SIMPLE, WOULD + INFINITIVE

OR WOULD + INFINITIVE, IF + PAST SIMPLE

- Para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas (imaginarias e

improbables) del presente y del futuro. Ej. If I had a yacht, I had
travel around the world.

RECUERDA: Se suele utilizar WERE (en lugar de was) para la 1ª y 3ª

persona del singular cuando escribimos en inglés formal, aunque
también se puede utilizar WAS en el estilo informal.

Ej. If I were you, I wouldn’t ignore this letter.

He would agree if he were here.
3. THIRD CONDITIONAL

IF + PAST PERFECT, WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE

OR WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE, IF + PAST PERFECT

- Para hablar de situaciones hipotéticas del pasado (eventos o

situaciones que no ocurrieron). Ej. If they had gone by bus, they
would have arrived much later.

RECUERDA: HAD y WOULD pueden contraerse con ‘d.

4. MIXED CONDITIONAL

- If I had kept the receipt, I could change the shoes (something

that happened in the past which affects the present)

- If he were richer, he would have bought the house (something

which is permanent and affected the past)