01-OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product Description-20100223-A

OptiX RTN 900
V100R002 Product
Description
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

About This Document
 The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split

microwave transmission system developed by
Huawei. It can provide a solution that is integrated
with the TDM microwave, Hybrid microwave, and
Packet microwave based on the network
requirements. RTN 900 V1R1 support pure packet
microwave, and RTN 900 V1R2 support TDM
microwave and Hybrid microwave.
 This course introduces the evolution process of
microwave products and the packet microwave
features, functions, hardware features, and version
matching of the RTN 900 V1R2. Through this course,
you can have a general understanding about the
RTN 900 V1R2.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2
Related Information
 OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product

Manual — Product Description
Objectives
After learning this course, you should be familiar with:

 Evolution of microwave products
 Microwave features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
 Functions of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
 Hardware features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
 Version matching of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Contents
1. Development of the IP RAN and Evolution of

Microwave Transmission
2. Features of Packet Microwave
3. Features and Functions
4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Advent of the IP Age
Mobile Evolution
2000 1X EV-DO(R0) EV-DO(RA) EV-DO(RB) LTE

DL:153.6k DL:2.4M DL:3.1M DL:6.2-73.5M DL:100M
UL:153.6k UL:153.6k UL:1.8M UL:3.6-27M UL:50M
2 Gbit/s CDMA2000
R99/R4 HSDPA(R5) HSUPA(R6) HSPA+(R7) LTE(R8)
DL:384k DL:14.4M DL:14.4M DL:43M DL:100M
UL:384k UL:384k UL:5.76M UL:11.5M UL:50M
WCDMA
Mobile Backhaul
BSC RNC aGW
TDM/ATM/Eth
TDM/ATM ALL IP
.
X2 X2
BTS BTS BTS NodeB NodeB NodeB eNodeB eNodeB eNodeB
 2G -> 3G -> 3G+ ->LTE, the backhaul of mobile base stations evolves from TDM to IP.
 Microwave transport networks evolve from the traditional TDM microwave network to the packet
microwave network.
Three Microwave Forms
IDU
Real-time TDM Microwave:
Native  PDH microwave is used for access; SDH microwave is used for convergence.
TDM TDM
Real-time  Ethernet services are transmitted in the space through the EOS technology.
based  It supports the fixed modulation scheme from QPSK to 128QAM, and features
ETH EOS
Real-time
Real-time small capacity.
It is used in 2G and early stages of 3G networks.
TDM in air
Hybrid Microwave:
 Native TDM + Native Ethernet
IDU
 It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
Real-time and features high bandwidth.
TDM Native TDM
 It is used in scenarios where TDM and IP networks coexist at the initial stage of the
Real-time
Packet transition from 2G networks to 3G networks. At this stage, voice services are
ETH Native
primary and data services are secondary among mobile services. Adding the packet
switching capability to the original TDM microwave equipment is undoubtedly the
Hybrid in air preferred solution at the transition stage of the mobile transport network evolution. In
this way, investment in original equipment can be protected and existing voice
services can be transported.
IDU Packet Radio:

 It is pure packet microwave.
TDM PW Packet  It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
based and features high bandwidth.
ETH
 It is used at the All-IP stage of 3G networks. The pure packet microwave is the
best choice for a carrier who needs to build a new mobile IP transport network.
Packet in air
Evolution of Microwave Transmission Network
 When microwave transport networks evolve towards packet transport networks inevitably, it is
a most cost-effective solution for carriers to evolve microwave transport networks from
traditional TDM microwave networks to hybrid microwave networks, and then to pure packet
microwave networks. This solution combines strengths such as protecting investment in
existing networks, flexible upgrade, and compatibility. If carriers need to build new mobile IP
transport networks, the best choice is to use advanced pure packet microwave equipment to
transport future All IP services.
Huawei's Microwave Solutions
Pure Packet microwave
Hybrid microwave
TDM/MSTP microwave Future-oriented
High Efficiency
Networklized
R1 R3
RTN 605
R1/R2
RTN 620 R3
R1
R2
R3
RTN 910/950
Contents
1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of

4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Radio Link Forms
 The OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring
different IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application
scenarios. Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 support different types of
microwaves. The radio link form of the TDM microwave supports the PDH microwave and
the SDH microwave. The radio link form of the Hybrid microwave support the Hybrid
microwave.
1. The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services
(mainly, the E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change
the features of the PDH services.
2. The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the
transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
3. The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and
native Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM
function. During the transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of
the E1 services and Ethernet services.
TDM Microwave
 The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the E1 services).
During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the PDH services. Unlike the
conventional PDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM grooms the E1
services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and
seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved.
 The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the transmission, the SDH
microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
 Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM
grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps the services into the STM-1-based
microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based microwave frames. Thus, the services can be
groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is
achieved.
The Capacity of TDM Microwave
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)
7 QPSK 4xE1
3.5 16QAM 4xE1
14 (13.75) QPSK 8xE1
7 16QAM 8xE1
28 (27.5) QPSK 16xE1
14 (13.75) 16QAM 16xE1
14 (13.75) 32QAM 22xE1
14 (13.75) 64QAM 26xE1
28 (27.5) 16QAM 35xE1
The Capacity of TDM Microwave (Cont.)
Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)
28 (27.5) 32QAM 44xE1
28 (27.5) 64QAM 53xE1
28 (27.5) 128QAM 1xSTM-1
28 (27.5) QPSK 1xE3
14 (13.75) 16QAM 1xE3
 If the radio link form is the SDH/PDH microwave, the maximum capacity of each
channel of microwave is STM-1.
Hybrid Microwave
 The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native
Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the
transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and
Ethernet services.
 The RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM
transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave
port. After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet
processing platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port
maps the E1 services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then
transmits the Hybrid microwave frames.
Service Transmission Mode
 The Hybrid microwave defines different types of Hybrid microwave frames for different working
modes. The accessed E1 services and Ethernet services are multiplexed into the same Hybrid
microwave frame, and then transmitted to the ODU through the IF interface after IF coding and
modulation. The E1 services and the Ethernet services are transmitted to the remote end through
the microwave after the up-conversion.
 The features of the Hybrid microwave frame are as follows:
① The frames with a fixed period are used for transmission.
② In the specific modulation mode or channel spacing, the length of Hybrid microwave frames
remains unchanged.
③ The E1 services in Hybrid microwave frames occupy a fixed bandwidth (when N E1 services are
transmitted, the bandwidth of N E1 services is occupied). Thus, the Hybrid microwave does not
change the features of the E1 services during transmission.
④ In Hybrid microwave frames, the Ethernet services occupy the remaining bandwidth of the E1
services. The encapsulation adaptation processing of the Ethernet frames is performed, so the
Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the Ethernet services during transmission.
 The hybrid transmission of native E1 services and native Ethernet services in the Hybrid
microwave is supported.
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service
Maximum
Channel Modulation Service Capacity Port Throughput
Number of E1s
Spacing (MHz) Mode (Mbit/s) (Mbit/s)
in Services
7 QPSK 10 5 9~11
7 16QAM 20 10 19~23
7 32QAM 25 12 24~29
7 64QAM 32 15 31~37
7 128QAM 38 18 39~44
7 256QAM 44 21 43~51
14 (13.75) QPSK 20 10 20~23
14 (13.75) 16QAM 42 20 41~48
14 (13.75) 32QAM 51 24 50~59
(Cont.)
Maximum
Channel Spacing Modulation Service Capacity Port Throughput
Number of E1s
(MHz) Mode (Mbit/s) (Mbit/s)
in Services
14 (13.75) 64QAM 66 31 65~76
14 (13.75) 128QAM 78 37 77~90
14 (13.75) 256QAM 90 43 90~104
28 (27.5) QPSK 42 20 41~48
28 (27.5) 16QAM 84 40 84~97
28 (27.5) 32QAM 105 50 108~125
28 (27.5) 64QAM 133 64 130~150
28 (27.5) 128QAM 158 75 160~180
28 (27.5) 256QAM 183 75 180~210
(Cont.)
Maximum
Channel Spacing Modulatio Service Capacity Port Throughput
Number of E1s in
(MHz) n Mode (Mbit/s) (Mbit/s)
Services
56 (55) QPSK 84 40 84~97
56 (55) 16QAM 168 75 170~190
56 (55) 32QAM 208 75 210~240
56 (55) 64QAM 265 75 260~310
56 (55) 128QAM 313 75 310~360
56 (55) 256QAM 363 75 360~420
 If the radio link form is the Hybrid microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel of
microwave is 363 Mbit/s when the high power ODU is used or 183 Mbit/s when the
standard power ODU is used. If the XPIC technology is used, the service capacity of the
microwave channel can be doubled with same the spectrum bandwidth.
Modulation Modes
 The TDM microwave only supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid microwave supports fixed
modulation and adaptive modulation (AM).
 The fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation scheme is
adopted invariably when the radio link is running. When the fixed modulation is adopted,
the modulation scheme can be configured through software. A modulation scheme can
range from QPSK to 256QAM.
 The AM is a technology through which the modulation scheme can be adjusted
automatically according to the channel quality. When the AM is adopted, the lowest
modulation mode (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured through software.
Fixed Modulation Adaptive Modulation
Capacity Capacity Voice

256QAM 256QAM
128QAM 128QAM
QPSK 64QAM 16QAM
64QAM
99.9% 32QAM Outage: 525.60min
HSPA 99.95% QPSK Outage: 262.80min
99.99% Outage: 52.56min
99.995% Outage: 26.28min
HSPA Fixed Bandwidth
99.998% Outage: 10.51min
99.999% Outage: 5.25min
99.999% Outage: 5.25min
GSM Time GSM Time
TDM radio Packet radio
AM Technology
 Through the AM technology, the Hybrid microwave uses a high-efficiency modulation scheme
when the channel is of better quality. Hence, more user services can be transmitted and thus the
transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization are improved. When the quality of the channel is
degraded, the Hybrid microwave uses the low-efficiency modulation scheme, in which only the
services of a high priority are transmitted. Hence, the anti-interference capability of links is
enhanced and availability of the links on which the high-priority services are transmitted is ensured.
 E1 services are of the highest priority in the AM-based Hybrid microwave transmission. Ethernet
services are classified into flows of different priorities based on the CoS technology. When the
Hybrid microwave uses the lowest-efficiency modulation scheme, the equipment transmits E1
services only (if the service bandwidth is higher than the total bandwidth of the E1 services, the
Ethernet services of a high priority can be transmitted). When the Hybrid microwave uses other
modulation schemes, the increased bandwidth can be used to transmit Ethernet services. In this
case, availability of the links on which the E1 services and Ethernet services of a high priority are
transmitted can be ensured and the capacity for transmitting Ethernet services increases.
AM Implementation
 When the SNR value received at the receive end is
Before lower than the threshold, the receive end transmits
switching quality degradation indication signals to the AM engine.
 The AM engine at the receive end places switching
indication signals to the overheads of a Hybrid
microwave frame. The switching indication signals are
transmitted to the local end through the transmit path.
 The IF unit at the transmit end processes IF signals,
and transmits the switching indication signals of the
AM to the AM engine.
 The AM engine transmits the switching indication
signals to the service signal processing unit and the IF
signal modulation unit, indicating that the service signal
processing unit and the IF signal modulation unit
complete the switching of service frames and the
change of modulation schemes after frame N.
 After the modulation scheme changes,

the bandwidth of E1 services does not
After
change. The Ethernet services with switching
higher priorities are multiplexed into
microwave frames based on the QoS.
Thus, the remaining bandwidth of the
microwave frames is used to transmit the
Ethernet services with lower priorities.
 Due to the switching to the low
modulation scheme, the bandwidth of the
Ethernet services that are multiplexed
into the multiplex unit becomes low, and
the bandwidth of the Hybrid microwave
frames also becomes low.
AM Features
Prepare to Detected
Detected
Switch to SNR
SNR
64QAM
32QAM decrease
Increased
64QAM
32QAM 32QAM
64QAM Massage
Message d
Modulation Bandwidth Capacity
32QAM 28MHz 100 M
64QAM 28MHz 150 M
 The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM modulation
schemes.
 The lowest modulation scheme (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured.
 When the modulation schemes of the AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency, and channel
spacing do not change.
 When the AM modulation scheme is switched, the step by step mode is adopted.
 When the AM switches the modulation scheme, the services with a low priority are discarded but no bit errors or
slips occur in the services with a high priority. The speed of switching the modulation scheme meets the
requirement for no bit error in the case of 100 dB/s fast fading.
Hybrid Microwave Application
256QAM@14 MHz: 100M
All priority
256QAM@28MHz:
128QAM@28 MHz:200M
180M
NodeB
256QAM@14 MHz: 100M NodeB
Low Priority NodeB
All priority User 1 Mobile

User 2 VoIP
User 3
Video
User n
NodeB
Internet
The Hybrid microwave ensures the service reliability and optimizes the service capacity
through the hybrid transmission of E1 services and Ethernet services, AM, and Ethernet
QoS control.
RTN 900V1R2 Microwave link
Hybrid radio link that
Radio Link Form TDM radio link Hybrid radio link
supports the XPIC
Type of the System

Control, Cross-
CST/CSH CSH CSH
Connect, and Timing
Board
Type of the IF Board IF1 IFU2 IFX2
QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64Q QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/6

Modulation Mode
AM/128QAM QAM/128QAM/256QAM 4QAM/128QAM/256QAM
3.5MHz/7MHz/14MHz/28M 37MHz/14MHz/28MHz/56
Channel Spacing 28MHz/56MHz
Hz MHz
AM Function No support support support
XPIC, 1+1 HSB/FD/SD,
Protection function 1+1 HSB/FD/SD, N+1 1+1HSB/FD/SD, N+1
N+1
Ethernet supported or
No support support support
not
Contents

4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (I)
Product
Package OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
The OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 is a new-generation hybrid/TDM MW
transmission product developed by Huawei on the basis of the universal
platform that integrates TDM, Hybrid, and Packet. This product supports
features such as AM, synchronous Ethernet, Ethernet ring, and air interface
LAG. Huawei is the only supplier that provides the MW transmission
product integrating TDM, Hybrid, and Packet in the industry.
 Smooth evolution: The universal platform supports the smooth evolution of
TDM -> Hybrid -> Pure Packet.
Features
 Hybrid ring protection: Hybrid ring protection is implemented by jointly
using the E1 SNCP and Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS). The E1
SNCP and ERPS are independent of each other.
 XPIC: When the XPIC and CCDP technologies are used, the transmitter
transmits two electromagnetic waves whose polarization directions are
orthogonal to each other to the receiver over the same channel. The
receiver recovers the original two channels of signals after eliminating the
interference between the two electromagnetic waves through the XPIC
technology. In this manner, the transmission capacity is doubled.
Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (II)
Product
Package OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
. Eight QoS levels: Each Ethernet port supports eight levels of priority queue
scheduling, that is, eight standard PHBs: BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6,
and CS7.
 Modulation scheme: QPSK-256QAM (7 MHz to 56 MHz). It supports two
modulation modes: fixed modulation and adaptive modulation (AM). AM
dynamically works with QoS to ensure fine service quality.
 Synchronous Ethernet: compliant with ITU-T G.8261, 8262, and 8264. The
locked state is accurate to be smaller than 50 ppb, which meets the
Features requirement.
 Dynamic or static MW routing configuration of E2E OAM&P and E2E
enhances the flexibility of MW networks and reduces the cost for
maintenance.
 Network-level protection schemes such as ERPS and MSTP are supported.
 The OptiX RTN 910 is built in with a packet processing platform with an
exchange capacity of 4.2 Gbit/s.
 The OptiX RTN 950 is built in with a packet processing platform with an
exchange capacity of 10 Gbit/s.
Overview of Main Features
Main Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Service Capability Data Capability RF Capability O&M Protection

• Large capacity: • QoS queues of • Same ODU in all • Eth OAM • LMSP, SNCP
156E1, 1.6G eight priorities scenarios (QPSK • 802.3ah • ERPS, LAG,
• E-LINE -> 256QAM • 802.1ag
• Multi-service MSTP
access capability • E-LAN integration) • Power supply
(E1/FE/GE/STM-1) • Multi-protection • Microwave type 1+1 hot backup
function: (TDM microwave, • Control,
(LAG/MSTP/ERPS) Hybrid microwave) switching, and
• Ethernet Clock • AM function clock board 1+1
Synchronization • XPIC hot backup
• 1+1, N+1
Integrated Platform for TDM, Hybrid, and Packet Networks
System Capacity
Maximum Service Capacity Description
TDM service
capacity over air 1xSTM1 IF1 board
interface
Hybrid service 363 Mbit/s High power ODU
capacity over air
interface 183 Mbit/s Standard power ODU
Full time-division cross-connections

at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level, OptiX RTN 950
Cross-connect which are equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s
capacity Full time-division cross-connections
at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level, OptiX RTN 910
which are equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s
10 Gbit/s OptiX RTN 950

Switching
capacity
4.2 Gbit/s OptiX RTN 910
Ethernet Access Capacity
Equipment OptiX RTN 910 OptiX RTN 950
Switching capacity 4.2 Gbit/s 10 G bit/s
Service type ELINE, ELAN ELINE, ELAN
Number of services 1024 1024
Number of VLAN tags 4094 4094
Number of traffic
1024 1024
classifications
Packet length 1518-9600 1518-9600
Size of MAC address table 16KB 16KB
QoS Solution
End to end QoS deployment
OptiX Core
RTN 900 P P OptiX
RTN 900
NodeB
NodeB
P P
BTS
NodeB
NodeB NodeB 1 Voice
UNI: NodeB 2
VoIP
Identification by user
NodeB 3
Identification by service Video
NodeB n
Per user-service QOS assurance
Internet
 Type-based hierarchical service assurance: fine scheduling of multiple services per BS/user/user
group to ensure the QoS
 Maximizing business values: fine bandwidth control to make full use of network resources,
containing more users
 Network side: control over the DS-TE (a rigid channel similar to the SDH VC) based on planning
VLAN Nesting (QinQ)
Background
 The existing 4K CVLAN tags are insufficient for service planning. Values and Highlights
 VLAN IDs are conflicted between convergence services and between  The network configuration
the services traversing a third-party network. 1 and maintenance are
 The transmission department of the carrier is separate from the simplified.
wireless department, and it is difficult for the transmission department
VLAN resources are
2

to work with the wireless department for VLAN planning.
extended for the carrier.
Application Scenario  Scenario requirement:
Packets on the customer's
3

(1) CVLAN conflicts on the
CVLAN=1 network are protected.
BS side should be avoided.
 The VLAN customization
4 capability for the carrier is
provided.
SVLAN=1
CVLAN=2
CVLAN=3
Microwave/Optical ring
CVLAN=1
SVLAN=2
RNC
CVLAN=2
1. VLAN conflicts are avoided on the

NodeB side.
2. The transmission department can
CVLAN=5 complete VLAN planning independently.
3. The service configuration workload is
reduced.
Synchronous Ethernet
Application Scenario 2  Scenario description
(1) In the case of 3G services, only clock synchronization is
 Scenario requirement required for technologies such as WCDMA.
(1) The packet network transmits backhual (2) In this case, the synchronous Ethernet technology can be
2G/3G wireless services. adopted to transmit clock information. The difference between
(2) Clock frequency synchronization is provided the synchronous Ethernet technology and the ACR mode is
for 2G/3G wireless services. that the clock information is stored at the physical layer in the
synchronous Ethernet technology but is stored in services in
ACR mode.
Values and Synchronization of the
The gateway
equipment adopts
Highlights entire wireless network the BITS clock as 0 1 2
the primary clock Time
 Acceptable cost reference source.
because no E1
additional BT T1/E1 BITS
0 1 2
configuration is TimeS
required 0 1 2
FE Time
 High
PSN network cSTM-1
synchronization
precision NodeB GE BSC/RNC
 Free from the 0 1 2
Time
impacts of the FE
network load
Clock information is transmitted to the
NodeB streams at the Ethernet physical layer
0 1 2 at one end of an Ethernet link and is
Time extracted at the other end of the
Ethernet link. Then the clock
information is transmitted level by
level.
E-Line Service
The E-Line service is a point-to-point service form on the topology. The equipment transmits the packets
or VLAN packets on a specified port on the user side to a port on the user side or network side or to the
QinQ link on the network side, thus implementing point-to-point transparent transmission of user data.
According to transmission modes, E-Line services are classified into the following types:
(1) UNI-UNI Ethernet service
(2) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a port
(3) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a QinQ link
E-LAN Service
The E-LAN service is a multipoint-to-multipoint service form on the topology. The equipment forwards packets or
VLAN packets on a specified port from the user side to multiple ports or to a PW or QinQ link on the network
side, thus implementing multipoint-to-multipoint transparent transmission of user data.
On the network side, the Ethernet services can be transmitted on a port or QinQ link.
The QinQ link bearer means that an S-VLAN tag of the transport network is added to packets with the C-VLAN
tag on the network of the user side, and thus the packets are labeled with two VLAN tags when traversing the
transport network.
This provides a simple L2VPN tunnel for users. With regard to the services carried on a QinQ link, the QoS can
be ensured by configuring the QinQ policy.
MAC1
MAC1/2
MAC1/2
VLAN
MAC1/2/3/4
MAC2 1
FE: VLAN1
VLAN
MAC3/4
2
BTS/NodeB MAC1
E-LAN1 (region 1)
FE: VLAN1
BTS/NodeB MAC2
BSC/RNC MAC4
FE: VLAN2
E-LAN2 (region 2)
BTS/NodeB MAC3
BSC/RNC MAC5
MAC3
FE: No VLAN
MAC3/4
BTS/NodeB MAC4
Add VLAN2 MAC4
MSTP
 The Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is adopted for network loops. MSTP adopts an
algorithm to prune a looped network to a tree network without loops, thus preventing the increase
and infinite loop of packets on the looped network.
Broadcast
storm
Broadcasting happen
packet
One link has
X physical faults
Shut down one port,

ring broken,
X
broadcast storm
X
stop.
Normally, to
avoid Ethernet
The link which shut
ring, this link isis
down logically
logically shut
reactived, Ring
down
protection happen
ERPS
 Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS) is applicable to ring physical networks. The ERPS protects the E-LAN
services between various nodes on the ring. After a ring network adopts Ethernet ring protection, normally, the
owner node blocks the port on one side on the ring to transmit services on the port of the other side, thus
preventing service loops. When a link or an NE on the ring is faulty, the owner node unblocks its upstream port
to transmit services on the faulty link or NE, thus implementing ring network protection.
Scenario Description
Activate a protection  1. Select the shortest path from the service
The RPL owner Ring link and perform ring channels between microwave stations on the
prevents protection link protection switching ring.
services from Ring Prote  2. Specify a ring protection link that projects
entering the ction
Link any microwave link on the ring.
RPL.
Service  3. Any faulty microwave link on the ring can
channel after
activate the ring protection link.
switching
 4. A link fault on the ring can be rectified
through automatic or manual switching.
Values of the ERPS

Microwav Service  Spectrum resources in microwave networking
e ring channel after are saved.
X The service
channel is
switching
 Ethernet services on the entire network are
The link fault recovered to the protected.

Service
is rectified. status before  High switching performance is supported. The
channel Any link is switching. ring switching time is 200 ms.
faulty.  Compared with 1+1 protection, less equipment
is used in ring network protection, thus
minimizing networking investments.
LAG (IEEE 802.3ad)
One or more Ethernet links are
X

aggregated to form an link 100 Mbit/s microwave

0 Mbit/s
link 1
How to transmit 300 microwave link 1
aggregation (LAG) so that the MAC Mbit/s services on a 100 Mbit/s microwave link 2
150 Mbit/s
200 Mbit/s air microwave link 2
customer regards the LAG as one 100 Mbit/s microwave
150 Mbit/s
link 3
interface?
microwave link 3
link.
Main functions: Multiple microwave

links form a larger
1. Increasing the link capacity logical pipe.
2. Improving link availability
 Scenario requirement:
Multiple links exist between two stations.
 Scenario description
Load sharing (1) When the traffic of one service exceeds the
by the LAG
transmission bandwidth of one physical link, the
LAG
service can be transmitted on multiple links
through traffic sharing.
Microwave/Opti
(2) Links work in mutual protection mode.
cal ring
Values and Highlights
Port  Links on the user side/air interface side are

RNC 1
protection protected.
by the LAG  Multiple microwave links are aggregated to
2 form one logical link, thus increasing the
bandwidth of the logical link.
XPIC Technology—Up to 800 Mbit/s Air-
Interface Capacity
56 MHz
400 400
400 400
Transmission capacity supported by one

One frequency point can transmit
frequency point: 2x400 Mbit/s
two-channel signals.
Large-capacity Ethernet transmission

 The XPIC technology supports a single frequency point to transmit two-channel
signals, thus doubling the usage of spectrum resources. Up to 800 Mbit/s
Ethernet throughput per carrier frequency is implemented.
 The large-capacity transmission requirement of data services is met.
AM—Increasing the Bandwidth by Four Times
Voice
256QAM
99.999%
Data Encapsulation
128QAM Element
in Network EOS Packet
64QAM Voice Planning
99.99%
Data Band 7G 7G
32QAM
Distance 30.6 km 30.6 km
16QAM
Voice
Bandwidth 28 Mbit/s 28 Mbit/s
99.9%
QPSK Data Modulation
QPSK 128QAM
scheme
Modulation Real-time service Transmission
scheme Non-real-time service 40 Mbit/s 200 Mbit/s
capacity
AM
 Important feature of the packet microwave: The modulation scheme can be automatically
changed according to the transmission conditions of the air interface, thus ensuring high-level
service transmission.
 Increasing the bandwidth by four times on sunny days: Under the same conditions, the OptiX
RTN equipment can support the 200 Mbit/s capacity but the EOS of the TMD can support only
the 40 Mbit/s capacity.
 Eight QoS levels on rainy days: The monitoring mechanism ensures the fine and hierarchical
service transmission.
Ethernet OAM
Background
 IP-based networks cater for the development trend.  Scenario description
 Different from SDH services, Ethernet services do (1) CC: Link status and one-way
not have the operation, management, or connectivity are detected in real time.
maintenance capabilities. (2) LB: Single-end location or detection is
 There are no methods or tools to rapidly and easily performed, and two-way connectivity is
locate service link faults. detected.
 There are requirements for detecting the faults and (3) LT: Faults are located on site.
performance of point-to-point Ethernet physical (4) 802.3ah: The performance of the
links between two pieces of directly connected physical link in the last mile is
equipment in the last mile. monitored and faults are located.
ME A B C ME D RNC
Access Core Access
802.3ah IEEE 802.1ag 802.3ah
Clock Feature
 Supporting the trace mode, hold-over mode, and free-run mode, which complies
with the ITU-T G.813 standard
 Supporting the line clock source, tributary clock source, microwave clock source,
synchronous Ethernet clock source, and external clock signals
 Supporting the SSM protocol and the extended SSM protocol. SSM information
can be transmitted with the synchronous Ethernet and external clock signals
through the SDH line and microwave.
 Supporting re-timing of tributaries
 Supporting the synchronous Ethernet function
License Strategy for the OptiX RTN 900
Contents

3. Features and functions
4. Hardware
5. Version matching
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900
V1R2—IDU
• The IDUs of the OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950 adopt the card plug-in design. The OptiX RTN
910 and OptiX RTN 950 can provide different functions by configuring different types of boards.
• RTN 910 IDU

 1U
 Supports microwave in up to two
directions.
 Supports the 1+1 protection
(HSB/SD/FD).
 Supports the 2+0 configuration
 Support XPIC
• RTN 950 IDU

 2U
 Support microwave in up to six
direction
 Support the 1+1 protection
(HSB/SD/FD)
 Support N+0 (N≤5)
 Support N+1 (N ≤4)
 Support XPIC
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2
—Boards
System Control and Cross-connect Switch Board
IF Board & Service Board
910
IFU2: Hybrid IF Board
IFX2: Hybrid XPIC IF Board

CSHA: 16*E1+2*FE+2*GE
IF1: TDM IF Board

CSHB: 32*E1+2*FE+2*GE
EM6T: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(RJ45) Board
CSHC: 16*E1+2*STM-1+2*FE+2*GE EM6F: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(SFP) Board
SP3S: 16xE1 Board

CSTA: 16*E1+2*STM-1
SP3D: 32xE1 Board
950 SL1D: 2xSTM-1(O) Board
AUX :Assistant Channel Interface

Board (Only for RTN 950)
CSH: Hybrid System Control and Cross-connect board
CST: TDM System Control and Cross- connect Board
—IDU 910
Paired slots
442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 44.45 (height) mm

Board Name Description Valid Slot
CSHA(A/B) 16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. Slot 1 and slot 2
CSHB(A/B) 32*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. Slot 1 and slot 2
16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Hybrid control, switching, and
CSHC(A/B) Slot 1 and slot 2
timing board.
CSTA(A/B) 16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP) TDM control, switching, and timing board. Slot 1 and slot 2
IFU2 Hybrid IF board Slot 3 and slot 4
IFX2 Hybrid XPIC IF board Slot 3 and slot 4
IF1 TDM IF board Slot 3 and slot 4

EM6T 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board Slot 3 and slot 4
EM6F 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board Slot 3 and slot 4
SP3S(A/B) 16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board Slot 3 and slot 4
SP3D(A/B) 32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board Slot 3 and slot 4
SL1D 2*STM-1 Optical interface board Slot 3 and slot 4
PIU Power board Slot 5
FAN FAN board Slot 6

● Each of the CSHA, CSHB, CSHC and CSTA boards occupies two slots. Each board occupies slot 1 and slot 2 at the same time.
● All the boards, except for the power board, support the hot plugging.
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900
V100R002—IDU 910
• 1+0: One direction
IFU2/IFX2/IF1 Slot 4
PIU FAN Slot 3
　
Slot 5 Slot 6　 Slot 1/2 CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
IFX2 Slot 4
IFX2
PIU FAN Slot 3
　
• 1+1: One direction
IFU2/IFX2/IF1 Slot 4
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
PIU FAN Slot 3
　
• 1+0: Two direction
Slot 3 IFU2/IFX2/IF1 Slot 4

IFU2/IFX2/IF1
PIU FAN
　
—IDU 950
Three groups of paired slots
442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 88.9 (height) (mm)
Board Name Description Valid Slot
CSH Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. Slot 7 and slot 8
CST TDM control, switching, and timing board. Slot 7 and slot 8
AUX Auxiliary interface board Slot 1~slot 6
IFU2 Hybrid IF board Slot 1~slot 6
IFX2 Hybrid XPIC IF board Slot 1~slot 6
IF1 TDM IF board Slot 1~slot 6
EM6T 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board Slot 1~slot 6
EM6F 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board Slot 1~slot 6
SP3S(A/B) 16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board Slot 1~slot 6
SP3D(A/B) 32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board Slot 1~slot 6
SL1D 2*STM-1 Optical interface board Slot 1~slot 6
PIU Power board Slot 9 and slot 10
FAN FAN board Slot 11
Interconnection of IF Boards
Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003
OptiX RTN 600
V100R003 IFH1 (OptiX
IF0 IF1 IFH2 IFX
OptiX RTN 900 RTN 605)
V100R002
IF1 No Yes No No Yes
IFU2 No No Yes Yes No
IFX2 No No No No No
Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 900 V100R001
OptiX RTN 900
V100R001
IFE2 IFU2 IFX2
OptiX RTN 900
V100R002
IF1 No No No
Yes Yes
IFU2 No
(Only Pure ETH) (Only Pure ETH)
IFX2 No No Yes
 The IFU2 can be interconnected with the IFE2 only in the case of pure Ethernet services. When E1 services are
transmitted with Ethernet services on the IFU2, the IFU2 cannot be interconnected with the IFE2.
 The IF1 of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 works in 128QAM/28 MHz mode and can be interconnected with the IFX of
the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003.
 The overall principles for air-interface interconnection are as follows: Boards with the same name can be
interconnected. Hybrid IF boards can be interconnected. TDM IF boards can be interconnected. Hybrid IF boards
can be interconnected with packet IF boards when transmitting pure Ethernet services.
Contents

4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Version Matching
 Matching of the NMS and Tools
Name Description Matched Version
U2000 NMS V100R001C00
WEBLCT Site commissioning tool V100R002C00
DC Upgrade tool V200R007C02
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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OptiX RTN 900

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split

 OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product

After learning this course, you should be familiar with:

1. Development of the IP RAN and Evolution of

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

2000 1X EV-DO(R0) EV-DO(RA) EV-DO(RB) LTE

BSC RNC aGW

BTS BTS BTS NodeB NodeB NodeB eNodeB eNodeB eNodeB

IDU Packet Radio:

TDM/MSTP microwave Future-oriented

1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

3.5 16QAM 4xE1

14 (13.75) QPSK 8xE1

28 (27.5) QPSK 16xE1

14 (13.75) 16QAM 16xE1

14 (13.75) 32QAM 22xE1

14 (13.75) 64QAM 26xE1

28 (27.5) 16QAM 35xE1

Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

28 (27.5) 32QAM 44xE1

28 (27.5) 64QAM 53xE1

28 (27.5) 128QAM 1xSTM-1

28 (27.5) QPSK 1xE3

14 (13.75) 16QAM 1xE3

14 (13.75) QPSK 20 10 20~23

14 (13.75) 16QAM 42 20 41~48

14 (13.75) 32QAM 51 24 50~59

14 (13.75) 128QAM 78 37 77~90

14 (13.75) 256QAM 90 43 90~104

28 (27.5) QPSK 42 20 41~48

28 (27.5) 16QAM 84 40 84~97

28 (27.5) 32QAM 105 50 108~125

28 (27.5) 64QAM 133 64 130~150

28 (27.5) 128QAM 158 75 160~180

28 (27.5) 256QAM 183 75 180~210

56 (55) QPSK 84 40 84~97

56 (55) 16QAM 168 75 170~190

56 (55) 32QAM 208 75 210~240

56 (55) 64QAM 265 75 260~310

56 (55) 128QAM 313 75 310~360

56 (55) 256QAM 363 75 360~420

Capacity Capacity Voice

 After the modulation scheme changes,

Modulation Bandwidth Capacity

32QAM 28MHz 100 M

64QAM 28MHz 150 M

256QAM@14 MHz: 100M

All priority User 1 Mobile

Type of the System

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64Q QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/6

1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of

2. Features of Packet Microwave

3. Features and Functions

Main Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Service Capability Data Capability RF Capability O&M Protection

Integrated Platform for TDM, Hybrid, and Packet Networks

Full time-division cross-connections

10 Gbit/s OptiX RTN 950

CSHC: 16E1+2STM-1+2FE+2GE EM6F: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(SFP) Board